Aeromonas: A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs singly, in pairs, or in short chains. Its organisms are found in fresh water and sewage and are pathogenic to humans, frogs, and fish.Aeromonas hydrophila: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that may be pathogenic for frogs, fish, and mammals, including man. In humans, cellulitis and diarrhea can result from infection with this organism.Aeromonas salmonicida: A species of gram-negative bacteria, in the family Aeromonadaceae. It is strictly parasitic and often pathogenic causing FURUNCULOSIS in SALMONIDS and ulcer disease in GOLDFISH.Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method.Aeromonas caviae: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that is found in domestic and wild animals including birds, and fish. In humans it causes GASTROENTERITIS in young children and some adults.Water Microbiology: The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.Furunculosis: A persistent skin infection marked by the presence of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the causative agent is various species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS. In salmonid fish (SALMONIDS), the pathogen is AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA.Fish Diseases: Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).Vibrionaceae: A family of gram-negative bacteria whose members predominate in the bacterial flora of PLANKTON; FISHES; and SEAWATER. Some members are important pathogens for humans and animals.Cytotoxins: Substances that are toxic to cells; they may be involved in immunity or may be contained in venoms. These are distinguished from CYTOSTATIC AGENTS in degree of effect. Some of them are used as CYTOTOXIC ANTIBIOTICS. The mechanism of action of many of these are as ALKYLATING AGENTS or MITOSIS MODULATORS.Hemolysin Proteins: Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.Diarrhea: An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Feces: Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.Fishes: A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.Trout: Various fish of the family SALMONIDAE, usually smaller than salmon. They are mostly restricted to cool clear freshwater. Some are anadromous. They are highly regarded for their handsome colors, rich well-flavored flesh, and gameness as an angling fish. The genera Salvelinus, Salmo, and ONCORHYNCHUS have been introduced virtually throughout the world.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.Bacterial Infections: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.Enterotoxins: Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria.Salmonidae: A family of anadromous fish comprising SALMON; TROUT; whitefish; and graylings. They are the most important food and game fishes. Their habitat is the northern Atlantic and Pacific, both marine and inland, and the Great Lakes. (Nelson: Fishes of the World, 1976, p97)Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Aquaculture: Cultivation of natural faunal resources of water. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Drainage, Sanitary: A system of artificial or natural drains, generally used for the disposal of liquid wastes.Fasciitis, Necrotizing: A fulminating bacterial infection of the deep layers of the skin and FASCIA. It can be caused by many different organisms, with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES being the most common.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Fasciitis: Inflammation of the fascia. There are three major types: 1, Eosinophilic fasciitis, an inflammatory reaction with eosinophilia, producing hard thickened skin with an orange-peel configuration suggestive of scleroderma and considered by some a variant of scleroderma; 2, Necrotizing fasciitis (FASCIITIS, NECROTIZING), a serious fulminating infection (usually by a beta hemolytic streptococcus) causing extensive necrosis of superficial fascia; 3, Nodular/Pseudosarcomatous /Proliferative fasciitis, characterized by a rapid growth of fibroblasts with mononuclear inflammatory cells and proliferating capillaries in soft tissue, often the forearm; it is not malignant but is sometimes mistaken for fibrosarcoma.Quality Control: A system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Frozen FoodsMicrobial Sensitivity Tests: Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).Odors: The volatile portions of substances perceptible by the sense of smell. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Cats: The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)Smell: The ability to detect scents or odors, such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS.Soccer: A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals.PubMed: A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.Periodicals as Topic: A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.BooksPublishing: "The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.MEDLINE: The premier bibliographic database of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. MEDLINE® (MEDLARS Online) is the primary subset of PUBMED and can be searched on NLM's Web site in PubMed or the NLM Gateway. MEDLINE references are indexed with MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MeSH).Carbon Cycle: The cycle by which the element carbon is exchanged between organic matter and the earth's physical environment.Chlorobi: A phylum of anoxygenic, phototrophic bacteria including the family Chlorobiaceae. They occur in aquatic sediments, sulfur springs, and hot springs and utilize reduced sulfur compounds instead of oxygen.Chlorobium: A genus of phototrophic, obligately anaerobic bacteria in the family Chlorobiaceae. They are found in hydrogen sulfide-containing mud and water environments.Carbon: A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.Pentose Phosphate Pathway: An oxidative decarboxylation process that converts GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE to D-ribose-5-phosphate via 6-phosphogluconate. The pentose product is used in the biosynthesis of NUCLEIC ACIDS. The generated energy is stored in the form of NADPH. This pathway is prominent in tissues which are active in the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS and STEROIDS.Rhodospirillales: An order of photosynthetic bacteria representing a physiological community of predominantly aquatic bacteria.Biohazard Release: Uncontrolled release of biological material from its containment. This either threatens to, or does, cause exposure to a biological hazard. Such an incident may occur accidentally or deliberately.Containment of Biohazards: Provision of physical and biological barriers to the dissemination of potentially hazardous biologically active agents (bacteria, viruses, recombinant DNA, etc.). Physical containment involves the use of special equipment, facilities, and procedures to prevent the escape of the agent. Biological containment includes use of immune personnel and the selection of agents and hosts that will minimize the risk should the agent escape the containment facility.Laboratory Infection: Accidentally acquired infection in laboratory workers.Gentian Violet: A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.Plesiomonas: A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in fish and other aquatic animals and in a variety of mammals, including man. Its organisms probably do not belong to the normal intestinal flora of man and can cause diarrhea.Shigella sonnei: A lactose-fermenting bacterium causing dysentery.
Small subunit rRNA gene sequences of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. smithia and Haemophilus piscium reveal pronounced similarities with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. (1/769)
The small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) encoding genes from reference strains of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. smithia and Haemophilus piscium were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into Escherichia coli cells. Almost the entire SSU rRNA gene sequence (1505 nucleotides) from both organisms was determined. These DNA sequences were compared with those previously described from A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, subsp. achromogenes and subsp. masoucida. This genetic analysis revealed that A. salmonicida subsp. smithia and H. piscium showed 99.4 and 99.6% SSU rRNA gene sequence identity, respectively, with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. (+info)Purification and characterization of cold-active L-glutamate dehydrogenase independent of NAD(P) and oxygen. (2/769)
L-Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) independent of NAD(P) and oxygen was first obtained from the psychrotrophic bacterium Aeromonas sp. L101, originally isolated from the organs of salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). GLDH was purified by a series of chromatography steps on DEAE-Sepharose, Superdex 200pg, Q-Sepharose, CM-Sepharose, and Phenyl-Sepharose. The purified protein was determined to have a molecular mass of 110 kDa and a pI of 5.7. Maximum activity was obtained at 55 degrees C and pH 8.5. The activity of GLDH at 4 and 20 degrees C was 38 and 50%, respectively, of that at 50 degrees C. GLDH was coupled to cytochrome c and several redox dyes including 1-methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methylsulfate (1-Methoxy PMS), 2, 6-dichlorophenylindophenol (DCIP), 9-dimethylaminobenzo[alpha]phenoxazin-7-ium chloride (meldola's blue), 3,3'-[3,3'-dimethoxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4, 4'-diyl]-bis[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H tetrazolium chloride] (nitroblue tetrazolium; NBT), and 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H tetrazolium (INT). The presence of NAD(P) and oxygen gave no oxidation activity to GLDH. Spectroscopic profile and ICP data indicated a b-type cytochrome containing iron. (+info)Fish macrophages express a cyclo-oxygenase-2 homologue after activation. (3/769)
In mammals, the increased generation of prostaglandins (PG) during the onset of inflammatory responses and activation of immune cell types has been attributed to the induction of a novel cyclo-oxygenase (COX) isoform, termed COX-2, which is distinct from the well-characterized constitutive activity (COX-1). Goldfish (Carassius auratus) macrophages exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and leucocyte-derived macrophage-activating factor(s) showed a significant increase in the generation of the major COX product, PGE2, within the first 6 h of stimulation. The selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS398, inhibited this elevated generation of PGE, whereas the basal level of this product synthesized by unstimulated macrophages was unaffected by such exposure. PGE generation by goldfish macrophages was similarly inhibited by the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, and an inhibitor of protein synthesis, cycloheximide, suggesting that this stimulation may be due to an inducible enzyme equivalent to mammalian COX-2. The complete coding sequence of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) COX-2 was obtained by PCR. The gene contains a 61 bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 1821 bp open reading frame and a 771 bp 3'UTR containing multiple copies of an mRNA instability motif (ATTTA). The predicted translation product had high homology to known mammalian and chicken COX-2 (83-84%) and COX-1 (77%) sequences. Reverse-transcriptase PCR with cDNA from control and bacterially challenged fish revealed that trout COX-2 expression was not constitutive but could be induced. Overall, these studies show for the first time that the inducible isoform of COX has a long evolutionary history, probably dating back to the evolution of fish over 500 million years ago. (+info)Intramolecular chaperone and inhibitor activities of a propeptide from a bacterial zinc aminopeptidase. (4/769)
An aminopeptidase from Aeromonas caviae T-64 was translated as a preproprotein consisting of three domains; a signal peptide (19 amino acid residues), an N-terminal propeptide (101 residues) and a mature region (273 residues). We demonstrated that a proteinase, which was isolated from the culture filtrate of A. caviae T-64, activated the recombinant pro-aminopeptidase by removal of the majority of the propeptide. Using L-Leu-p-nitroanilide as a substrate, the processed aminopeptidase showed a large increase in kcat when compared with the unprocessed enzyme, whereas the Km value remained relatively unchanged. The similar Km values for the pro-aminopeptidase and the mature aminopeptidase indicated that the N-terminal propeptide of the pro-aminopeptidase did not influence the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex, suggesting the absence of marked conformational changes in the active domain. In contrast, the marked difference in kcat suggests a significant decrease in the energy of one or more of the transition states of the enzyme-substrate reaction coordinate. Moreover, we showed that the activity of the urea-denatured pro-aminopeptidase could be recovered by dialysis, whereas the activity of the urea-denatured mature aminopeptidase, which lacked the propeptide, could not. Further to this, the propeptide-deleted aminopeptidase formed an inclusion body in the cytoplasmic space in Escherichia coli and was not secreted at all. These results suggested that the propeptide of the pro-aminopeptidase acted as an intramolecular chaperone that was involved with the correct folding of the enzyme in vitro and was required for extracellular secretion in E. coli. (+info)Structure elucidation of Sch 20562, a glucosidic cyclic dehydropeptide lactone--the major component of W-10 antifungal antibiotic. (5/769)
A novel bacterium designated as Aeromonas sp. W-10 produces the antibiotic W-10 complex which comprises of two major and several minor components. The two major components from this complex, Sch 20562 (1) and Sch 20561 (1a), are of biological interest in view of their potent antifungal activity. The chemical degradation studies utilized for the assignment of structure 1 for Sch 20562 are described here. Some of the noteworthy diversity of structural features in this glucosidic cyclic dehydrononapeptide lactone 1 are: an N-terminal (D)-beta-hydroxymyristyl unit, three D-amino acid units, two (E)-alpha-aminocrotonyl units, and an O-alpha-D-glucosyl-N-methyl-L-allo-threonine unit. The structure determination of 1 utilized the selective cleavage of the dehydropeptide units by ozonolysis to form fragments that were sequenced by mass spectrometry. The stereochemistry of the amino acid units were assigned by isolation of the free amino acids from the hydrolysates of the fragments. The stereochemistry of the alpha-aminocrotonyl units and the glucosidic linkage were assigned by nmr spectroscopy and molecular rotation data. (+info)Structure elucidation of Sch 20561, a cyclic dehydropeptide lactone--a major component of W-10 antifungal antibiotic. (6/769)
Antibiotic W-10 is a fermentation complex produced by the bacterium Aeromonas sp. W-10. The cyclic dehydropeptide lactones Sch 20562 (1) and Sch 20561 (2) are the major components of this fermentation complex and are of biological interest in view of their unique structural features and potent antifungal activity. The chemical degradation studies that were utilized in the assignment of structure 2 for Sch 20561 are described here. The structure determination of 2 made use of the ozonolytic cleavage of the dehydropeptide units to form fragments that were sequenced by mass spectrometry. The cyclic dehydropeptide lactone Sch 20561 (2) was found to be the aglycone of Sch 20562 (1) and these two natural products were correlated by a chemical transformation involving the deglucosidation of 1 to form 2. (+info)Cloning, sequencing, and role in virulence of two phospholipases (A1 and C) from mesophilic Aeromonas sp. serogroup O:34. (7/769)
Two different representative recombinant clones encoding Aeromonas hydrophila lipases were found upon screening on tributyrin (phospholipase A1) and egg yolk agar (lecithinase-phospholipase C) plates of a cosmid-based genomic library of Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3 (serogroup O34) introduced into Escherichia coli DH5alpha. Subcloning, nucleotide sequencing, and in vitro-coupled transcription-translation experiments showed that the phospholipase A1 (pla) and C (plc) genes code for an 83-kDa putative lipoprotein and a 65-kDa protein, respectively. Defined insertion mutants of A. hydrophila AH-3 defective in either pla or plc genes were defective in phospholipase A1 and C activities, respectively. Lecithinase (phospholipase C) was shown to be cytotoxic but nonhemolytic or poorly hemolytic. A. hydrophila AH-3 plc mutants showed a more than 10-fold increase in their 50% lethal dose on fish and mice, and complementation of the plc single gene on these mutants abolished this effect, suggesting that Plc protein is a virulence factor in the mesophilic Aeromonas sp. serogroup O:34 infection process. (+info)Efficacy of orally administered oxolinic acid and Vetoquinol, an oxolinic acid ester, for the treatment of furunculosis in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar held in seawater. (8/769)
This study was performed to determine the efficacy of orally administered oxolinic acid and Vetoquinol, an oxolinic acid ester, in the treatment of experimental induced furunculosis in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar held in seawater. Two strains of the causative bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, 1 sensitive (VI-88/09/03175) and 1 resistant (3475/90) to oxolinic acid, were used. In 2 trials, cohabitational challenges were performed by introducing 8 fish challenged in advance by an intraperitoneal injection of 2.2 x 10(4) colony forming units of strain 3475/90 (Trial 1) or strain VI-88/09/03175 (Trial 2) to 10 aquaria each containing 40 healthy fish. The treatment groups in both trials consisted of 4 groups receiving either oxolinic acid (2 groups) or Vetoquinol (2 groups) and 1 control group. An unchallenged, unmedicated group was used to determine the natural mortality in the population. The recommended therapeutic dose of 25 mg oxolinic acid kg-1 fish at Days 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 following initiation of treatment was used. Oral medication initiated at Day 10 (Trial 1) or Day 11 (Trial 2) following challenge significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the specific mortality in all drug-treated groups compared to the untreated control groups. Mortality in Vetoquinol-treated groups was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in oxolinic acid-treated groups in Trial 1 whereas no significant (p < 0.05) difference in survival rate was found between the medicated groups in Trial 2. (+info)A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract.[1] When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a bladder infection (cystitis) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as a kidney infection (pyelonephritis).[9] Symptoms from a lower urinary tract infection include pain with urination, frequent urination, and feeling the need to urinate despite having an empty bladder.[1] Symptoms of a kidney infection include fever and flank pain usually in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI.[9] Rarely the urine may appear bloody.[6] In the very old and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non-specific.[1][10] The most common cause of infection is Escherichia coli, though other bacteria or fungi may rarely be the cause.[2] Risk factors include female anatomy, sexual intercourse, diabetes, obesity, and family history.[2] Although sexual intercourse is a risk factor, UTIs are not classified as sexually transmitted infections (STIs).[11] ...
Aeromonas hydrophila • Bacillus brevis • Bacillus Cereus • Bacillus megaterium • Bacillus subtilis • Burkholderia cepacia • ...
The word cholera is from Greek: χολέρα kholera from χολή kholē "bile". Cholera likely has its origins in the Indian subcontinent as evidenced by its prevalence in the region for centuries.[13] Early outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent are believed to have been the result of poor living conditions as well as the presence of pools of still water, both of which provide ideal conditions for cholera to thrive.[71] The disease first spread by trade routes (land and sea) to Russia in 1817, later to the rest of Europe, and from Europe to North America and the rest of the world.[13] Seven cholera pandemics have occurred in the past 200 years, with the seventh pandemic originating in Indonesia in 1961.[72] The first cholera pandemic occurred in the Bengal region of India, near Calcutta starting in 1817 through 1824. The disease dispersed from India to Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and Eastern Africa.[73] The movement of British Army and Navy ships and personnel is believed to have ...
Campylobacter, Yersinia, Aeromonas, and Plesiomonas spp. are less frequently found. Mechanisms of action vary: some bacteria ...
Protective levels of anticapsular antibodies are not achieved until 7-14 days following administration of a meningococcal vaccine, vaccination cannot prevent early onset disease in these contacts and usually is not recommended following sporadic cases of invasive meningococcal disease. Unlike developed countries, in sub-Saharan Africa and other under developed countries, entire families live in a single room of a house.[21][22] Meningococcal infection is usually introduced into a household by an asymptomatic person. Carriage then spreads through the household, reaching infants usually after one or more other household members have been infected. Disease is most likely to occur in infants and young children who lack immunity to the strain of organism circulating and who subsequently acquire carriage of an invasive strain.[23] By preventing susceptible contacts from acquiring infection by directly inhibiting colonization. Close contacts are defined as those persons who could have had intimate ...
... is a large family of Gram-negative bacteria. It was first proposed by Rahn in 1936, and now includes over 30 genera and more than 100 species. Its classification above the level of family is still a subject of debate, but one classification places it in the order Enterobacterales of the class Gammaproteobacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria.[2][3][4][5] Enterobacteriaceae includes, along with many harmless symbionts, many of the more familiar pathogens, such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and Shigella. Other disease-causing bacteria in this family include Enterobacter and Citrobacter. Members of the Enterobacteriaceae can be trivially referred to as enterobacteria or "enteric bacteria",[6] as several members live in the intestines of animals. In fact, the etymology of the family is enterobacterium with the suffix to designate a family (aceae)-not after the genus Enterobacter (which would be "Enterobacteraceae")-and the type genus is Escherichia. ...
... are a class of gram-negative bacteria, and one of the eight classes of the phylum Proteobacteria.[1] The Betaproteobacteria are a class comprising over 75 genera and 400 species of bacteria.[2] Together, the Betaproteobacteria represent a broad variety of metabolic strategies and occupy diverse environments from obligate pathogens living within host organisms to oligotrophic groundwater ecosystems. Whilst most members of the Betaproteobacteria are heterotrophic, deriving both their carbon and electrons from organocarbon sources, some are photoheterotrophic, deriving energy from light and carbon from organocarbon sources. Other genera are autotrophic, deriving their carbon from bicarbonate or carbon dioxide and their electrons from reduced inorganic ions such as nitrite, ammonium, thiosulfate or sulfide [1] - many of these chemolithoautotrophic Betaproteobacteria are economically important, with roles in maintaining soil pH and in elementary cycling. Other economically ...
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Toxoplasmosis is becoming a global health hazard as it infects 30-50% of the world human population. Clinically, the life-long presence of the parasite in tissues of a majority of infected individuals is usually considered asymptomatic. However, a number of studies show that this 'asymptomatic infection' may also lead to development of other human pathologies. ... The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis correlated with various disease burden. Statistical associations does not necessarily mean causality. The precautionary principle suggests however that possible role of toxoplasmosis as a triggering factor responsible for development of several clinical entities deserves much more attention and financial support both in everyday medical practice and future clinical research ...
... [1], previously known as Enterobacter aerogenes, is a Gram-negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive, citrate positive, indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium.[2] The bacterium is approximately 1-3 microns in length, and is capable of motility via peritrichous flagella.[3] K. aerogenes is a nosocomial and pathogenic bacterium that causes opportunistic infections including most types of infections. The majority are sensitive to most antibiotics designed for this bacteria class, but this is complicated by their inducible resistance mechanisms, particularly lactamase, which means that they quickly become resistant to standard antibiotics during treatment, requiring a change in antibiotic to avoid worsening of the sepsis. Some of the infections caused by K. aerogenes result from specific antibiotic treatments, venous catheter insertions, and/or surgical procedures. K. aerogenes is generally found in the human gastrointestinal tract and does not generally cause disease in ...
Aeromonas hydrophila/Aeromonas veronii *Aeromonas infection. ε. Campylobacterales. *Campylobacter jejuni *Campylobacteriosis, ...
Traditionally, gonorrhea was diagnosed with Gram stain and culture; however, newer polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based testing methods are becoming more common.[16][28] In those failing initial treatment, culture should be done to determine sensitivity to antibiotics.[29] Tests that use polymerase chain reaction (PCR, aka nucleic acid amplification) to identify genes unique to N. gonorrhoeae are recommended for screening and diagnosis of gonorrhea infection. These PCR-based tests require a sample of urine, urethral swabs, or cervical/vaginal swabs. Culture (growing colonies of bacteria in order to isolate and identify them) and Gram-stain (staining of bacterial cell walls to reveal morphology) can also be used to detect the presence of N. gonorrhoeae in all specimen types except urine.[30][31] If Gram-negative, oxidase-positive diplococci are visualized on direct Gram stain of urethral pus (male genital infection), no further testing is needed to establish the diagnosis of gonorrhea ...
... (PUD) is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus.[1][7] An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer.[1] The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain and upper abdominal pain that improves with eating.[1] With a gastric ulcer, the pain may worsen with eating.[8] The pain is often described as a burning or dull ache.[1] Other symptoms include belching, vomiting, weight loss, or poor appetite.[1] About a third of older people have no symptoms.[1] Complications may include bleeding, perforation, and blockage of the stomach.[2] Bleeding occurs in as many as 15% of cases.[2] Common causes include the bacteria Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).[1] Other, less common causes include tobacco smoking, stress due to serious illness, Behcet disease, ...
With a fatality risk approaching 15% within 12 hours of infection, it is crucial to initiate testing as quickly as possible, but not to wait for the results before initiating antibiotic therapy. A small amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is sent to the laboratory as soon as possible for analysis. The diagnosis is suspected, when Gram-negative diplococci are seen on Gram stain of a centrifuged sample of CSF; sometimes they are located inside white blood cells. The microscopic identification takes around 1-2 hours after specimen arrival in the laboratory.[3] The gold standard of diagnosis is microbiological isolation of N. meningitidis by growth from a sterile body fluid, which could be CSF or blood.[5] Diagnosis is confirmed when the organism has grown, most often on a chocolate agar plate, but also on Thayer-Martin agar. To differentiate any bacterial growth from other species a small amount of a bacterial colony is tested for oxidase, catalase for which all clinically relevant Neisseria show a ...
Plague has a long history as a biological weapon. Historical accounts from ancient China and medieval Europe detail the use of infected animal carcasses, such as cows or horses, and human carcasses, by the Xiongnu/Huns, Mongols, Turks and other groups, to contaminate enemy water supplies. Han Dynasty General Huo Qubing is recorded to have died of such a contamination while engaging in warfare against the Xiongnu. Plague victims were also reported to have been tossed by catapult into cities under siege. In 1347, the Genoese possession of Caffa, a great trade emporium on the Crimean peninsula, came under siege by an army of Mongol warriors of the Golden Horde under the command of Janibeg. After a protracted siege during which the Mongol army was reportedly withering from the disease, they decided to use the infected corpses as a biological weapon. The corpses were catapulted over the city walls, infecting the inhabitants. This event might have led to the transfer of the plague (Black Death) via ...
... , also known simply as paratyphoid, is a bacterial infection caused by one of the three types of Salmonella enterica.[1] Symptoms usually begin 6-30 days after exposure and are the same as those of typhoid fever.[1][3] Often, a gradual onset of a high fever occurs over several days.[1] Weakness, loss of appetite, and headaches also commonly occur.[1] Some people develop a skin rash with rose-colored spots.[2] Without treatment, symptoms may last weeks or months.[1] Other people may carry the bacteria without being affected; however, they are still able to spread the disease to others.[3] Both typhoid and paratyphoid are of similar severity.[3] Paratyphoid and typhoid fever are types of enteric fever.[7] Paratyphoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica of the serotypes Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, or Paratyphi C growing in the intestines and blood.[1] They are usually spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.[1] They may ...
Aeromonas sp. have been isolated from various infected sites from patients (bile, blood, peritoneal fluid, pus, stool and urine ... SdiA detects AHLs produced by other species of bacteria including Aeromonas hydrophila, Hafnia alvei, and Yersinia ... However, SdiA does become activated when Salmonella transits through turtles colonized with Aeromonas hydrophila or mice ... It has been documented that Aeromonas sobria has produced C6-HSL and two additional AHLs with N-acyl side chain longer than C6 ...
Wilkes, S.H.; Bayliss, M.E.; Prescott, J.M. (1988). "Critical ionizing groups in Aeromonas neutral protease". J. Biol. Chem. ... Wilkes, S.H.; Prescott, J.M. (1976). "Aeromonas neutral protease". Methods Enzymol. 45: 404-415. doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(76) ... Bayliss, M.E.; Wilkes, S.H.; Prescott, J.M. (1980). "Aeromonas neutral protease: specificity toward extended substrates". Arch ... Vibriolysin (EC 3.4.24.25, Aeromonas proteolytica neutral proteinase, aeromonolysin) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the ...
A: Aeromonas spp.[citation needed] P: Proteus spp. (P. vulgaris) P: Providencia spp. M: Morganella morganii In vitro ...
Bacteria that test positive for cleaving indole from tryptophan include: Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas punctata, Bacillus ... Aeromonas salmonicida, Alcaligenes sp., most Bacillus sp., Bordetella sp., Enterobacter sp., most Haemophilus sp., most ...
Cowell JL, Maser K, DeMoss, RD (1973). "Tryptophanase from Aeromonas liquifaciens. Purification, molecular weight and some ...
Pseudomonas/Aeromonas: Partial inhibition. If growth, colonies are blue. Bacteria that are not Vibrio but produce hydrogen ...
particularly Vibrio parahemolyticus) and related proteobacteria such as Aeromonas, two flagellar systems co-exist, using ... "Analysis of the Lateral Flagellar Gene System of Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3". Journal of Bacteriology. 188 (3): 852-862. doi: ... "Polar Flagellum Biogenesis in Aeromonas hydrophila". J. Bacteriol. 188 (2): 542-55. doi:10.1128/JB.188.2.542-555.2006. PMC ...
Aeromonas infection Skin lesion James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical ...
"Aldohexuronic acid catabolism by a soil Aeromonas". J. Bacteriol. 97 (1): 97-106. PMC 249554 . PMID 4388117. Molecular and ...
Despite difficulties in characterizing the exotoxins produced by Aeromonas species, there is accumulating evidence that these ... Infections due to Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides in immuno-compromised hosts have been well documented, but ... Infections due to Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides in immuno-compromised hosts have been well documented, but ... P. shigelloides, an organism closely related to Aeromonas species, may also cause diarrhea in the healthy host, but no ...
Aeromonas hydrophila has been isolated from urine, sputum, faeces and bile. It is resistant to many types of antibiotic ... Aeromonas hydrophila is associated with septicaemia, pneumonia and gastroenteritis in humans. In particular it causes ... Coloured transmission electron micrograph of thin-sectioned cells of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. It is a Gram- negative, rod ... Keywords: aeromonas, aeromonas causing, aeromonas hydrophila, antibiotic resistance, bacteria, bacterial, bacteriology, ...
Phenoloxidase is an important component of the defense against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in a crustacean, Pacifastacus ... Further, the interactions between host (crayfish) and pathogens (white spot syndrome virus and Aeromonas hydrophila, ... Aeromonas hydrophila, in the freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus. RNA interference-mediated depletion of crayfish ...
... This review summarizes the results of studies on atypical Aeromonas salmonicida (aAS) -infection among farmed Arctic charr ( ...
One of the most common bacteria that infect the wild and cultured Tilapia is Aeromonas sobria. Aeromonas sobria is water borne ... Aeromonas sobria veronii also causes a similar disease in fish including Motile Aeromonas Septicemia in Tilapia (Janda and ... The Motile Aeromonas infections have been recognized for many years and have been referred to by various names, including ... Antibacterial Activity of Jatropha Curcas and Tinospora Crispa Against Aeromonas Sobria Fish Pathogen Topics: Bacteria, ...
title = "Carboxy terminal region of haemolysin of Aeromonas sobria triggers dimerization",. abstract = "Haemolysin of Aeromonas ... Haemolysin of Aeromonas sobria is released into the culture supernatant in the form of prohaemolysin. Removal of a 42 amino ... N2 - Haemolysin of Aeromonas sobria is released into the culture supernatant in the form of prohaemolysin. Removal of a 42 ... AB - Haemolysin of Aeromonas sobria is released into the culture supernatant in the form of prohaemolysin. Removal of a 42 ...
The genetic organization and sequences of the group II capsule gene cluster of Aeromonas hydrophila PPD134/91 have been ... Leung, K. Y., Yeap, I. V., Lam, T. J. & Sin, Y. M. ( 1995 ). Serum resistance as a good indicator for virulence in Aeromonas ... Sakazaki, R. & Shimada, T. ( 1984 ). O-serogrouping scheme for mesophilic Aeromonas strains. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 37, 247-255.[ ... f Detection and genetic analysis of group II capsules in Aeromonas hydrophila MyBook is a cheap paperback edition of the ...
Aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacteria that causes motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in many fish species. Typically ... The goal of this study was to determine a method for monitoring the number of Aeromonas spp. in catfish production ponds, and ... 30-33°C during the summer months), the amount of Aeromonas spp. present in the water decreased, but the amount present in the ... We are also in the process of completing DNA extractions from the samples to determine if the Aeromonas spp. that were present ...
Home » The Phytochemistry and The Anti-Bacterial Activity of Yellow Root (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) against Aeromonas ... The Phytochemistry and The Anti-Bacterial Activity of Yellow Root (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) against Aeromonas hydrophila. ...
Aeromonas aides leeches in digesting blood meals. H. medicinalis used after surgery has led to Aeromonas infections, most ... Aeromonas pneumonia due to episodes of near-drowning are frequently complicated by bacteremia and death. Aeromonas species are ... Members of the genus Aeromonas can be referred to as aeromonads (viz. trivialisation of names). Parte, A.C. "Aeromonas". www. ... Aeromonas species are endosymbionts of Hirudo medicinalis, a species of leech that is FDA-approved for use in vascular surgery ...
Aeromonas infections may cause skin infections manifesting as cellulitis, pustules, and furuncles. An infection usually only ... Minnaganti, V.R.; Patel, P.J.; Iancu, D.; Schoch, P.E. "Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Aeromonas hydrophila". Heart Lung. 29: ... ISBN 0-7216-2921-0. Abuhammour, W.; Hasan, R.A.; Rogers, D. "Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Aeromonas hydrophilia in an ... causes mild infections of the skin but can also cause a more a serious infection called gastroenteritis? Aeromonas ...
Aeromonas sp. TH038. ›Aeromonas sp. TH039. ›Aeromonas sp. TH098. ›Aeromonas sp. TH099. ›Aeromonas sp. TH101. ›Aeromonas sp. ... Aeromonas punctata. Other names i. ›"Aeromonas caviae" Eddy 1962. ›Aeromonas caviae (ex Eddy 1962) Popoff 1984. ›Aeromonas ... Aeromonas sp. TH111. ›Aeromonas sp. TH114. ›ATCC 15467 [[Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. anaerogenes]]. ›ATCC 15468. ›Bacillus ... Aeromonas hydrophila anaerogenes. More ». ›Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. anaerogenes Schubert 1964. ›Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. ...
Aeromonas bacteremia in an elderly immunocompetent patient.. Sebo P1, Sakbani K, Rohner P, Gavazzi G. ... Because of the absence of other risk factors for Aeromonas bacteremia, hepatic polycystic disease may take part in the onset of ... We report the case of an elderly immunocompetent patient with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteremia without evidence of portal of ...
Transcript of Aeromonas hydrophila. By Bri Martz Aeromonas hydrophila Morphology Prevention and Treatment Commonly Found In ... microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Aeromonas_Hydrophila http://cmr.asm.org/content/23/1/35.full#sec-13 http://iai.asm.org/content ...
Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC ® 35654™ Designation: LRA 3300 776 TypeStrain=False Application: Quality control strain Testing ... Aeromonas hydrophila (Chester) Stanier (ATCC® 35654-MINI-PACK™) Add to frozen 6 ready-to-use vials of ATCC® 35654™ in glycerol ... Aeromonas hydrophila (Chester) Stanier (ATCC® 35654™) Strain Designations: LRA 3300 776 [API SA, DSM 6173] / Type Strain: no / ... Aeromonas in Finished Water by Membrane Filtration using Ampicillin-Dextrin Agar with Vancomycin (ADA-V). Washington, DC: ...
Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC ® 7966™ Designation: TypeStrain=True Application: Quality control strain Reference material Testing ... Popoff M, Veron M. A taxonomic study of the Aeromonas hydrophila-Aeromonas punctata group. J. Gen. Microbiol. 94: 11-22, 1976. ... Aeromonas hydrophila (Chester) Stanier (ATCC® 7966D-5™) Add to freeze-dried Total DNA: At least 5 µg in 1X TE buffer. OD260/OD ... Aeromonas hydrophila (Chester) Stanier (ATCC® 7966™) Strain Designations: [CDC 359-60, IAM 12460, NCIB 9240, NCMB 86, NCTC 8049 ...
Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. decolorationis Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. dhakensis Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila ... Aeromonas hydrophila is a member of the family Aeromonadaceae, and is only one of six species Aeromonas species that are known ... Aeromonas hydrophila are resistant to chlorine. Because it is so prevalent in aquatic environments, Aeromonas hydrophila can ... Aeromonas hydrophila. Chopra, Ashok K. and Clifford W. Houston. "Enterotoxins in Aeromonas-associated gastroenteritis." ...
Aeromonas hydrophila Subspecies: Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. anaerogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. decolorationis, Aeromonas ... Aeromonas hydrophila is the most well known of the six species belonging to the genus Aeromonas. It is rod- shaped, non- spore ... The Aeromonas hydrophila AexT is the first described and the smallest T3SS effector toxin found in mesophilic Aeromonas with a ... hydrophila ATCC 7966, and Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. ranaei [19]. Description and significance. Aeromonas hydrophila. ...
Depending on the type of Aeromonas bacteria the fish has, the veterinarian will prescribe medication to eliminate the infection ...
We also determined the taxonomic positions of the phenospecies Aeromonas allosaccharophila, Aeromonas encheleia, Aeromonas ... ichthiosmia are in fact identical to Aeromonas trota (HG13) and Aeromonas veronii (HG8/10), respectively. The results of this ... High-resolution genotypic analysis of the genus Aeromonas by AFLP fingerprinting.. Huys G1, Coopman R, Janssen P, Kersters K. ... A total of 98 Aeromonas type and reference strains were included in this study. For the AFLP analysis, the total genomic DNA of ...
Although the actual role of Aeromonas spp. as a human pathogen remains controversial, species of this genus may pose a serious ... Therefore, it is important to thoroughly study the mobilome of Aeromonas spp. that is widely distributed in various ... This review discusses the recently published information on MGE prevalent in Aeromonas spp. with special emphasis on plasmids ... This review discusses the recently published information on MGE prevalent in Aeromonas spp. with special emphasis on plasmids ...
Over the past decades, cutting edge research on Aeromonas genomics has promoted a tremendous advance in our knowledge of these ... Besides, Aeromonas has been gaining interest for antimicrobial resistance surveillance from water. However, research on ... Over the past decades, cutting edge research on Aeromonas genomics has promoted a tremendous advance in our knowledge of these ... As more genomes of Aeromonas spp have been sequenced, current research has focused on its pathogenesis, and biotechnological ...
Carbon metabolism is the most basic aspect of life. This map presents an overall view of central carbon metabolism, where the number of carbons is shown for each compound denoted by a circle, excluding a cofactor (CoA, CoM, THF, or THMPT) that is replaced by an asterisk. The map contains carbon utilization pathways of glycolysis (map00010), pentose phosphate pathway (map00030), and citrate cycle (map00020), and six known carbon fixation pathways (map00710 and map00720) as well as some pathways of methane metabolism (map00680). The six carbon fixation pathways are: (1) reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) in plants and cyanobacteria that perform oxygenic photosynthesis, (2) reductive citrate cycle in photosynthetic green sulfur bacteria and some chemolithoautotrophs, (3) 3-hydroxypropionate bi-cycle in photosynthetic green nonsulfur bacteria, two variants of 4-hydroxybutyrate pathways in Crenarchaeota called (4) hydroxypropionate-hydroxybutyrate cycle and (5) ...
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 ...
... industrial applications and more information for Aeromonas ichthiosmia. ... Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Aeromonadales; Aeromonadaceae; Aeromonas. Industrial uses or economic ...
SalmonicidaBacteriaSpeciesSobriaInfectionsSPECIESIsolatesInfectionGenusGastroenteritisSepticemiaMicrobiologyStrainGenesExtracellular lipase of Aeromonas hydrophilaOrganismsAntimicrobialIsolationResistance to Aeromonas hydrophilaNecrotizing fasciitis caused by AeromonasAeromonadaceaeUlcer DiseaseOrganismPrevalenceMetallo-beta-lactamaseBacteriumAquatic environmentsAtypicalAgarSusceptibilityCaviae isolated
- Päivi Pylkön väitöskirjatutkimus osoittaa harjuksen ja nieriän olevan lohikaloista herkimpiä epätyyppisen Aeromonas salmonicida (aAS)-bakteerin aiheuttamalle tulehdukselle. (jyu.fi)
- This review summarizes the results of studies on atypical Aeromonas salmonicida (aAS) -infection among farmed Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) (later referred as charr and grayling, respectively). (jyu.fi)
- Despite difficulties in characterizing the exotoxins produced by Aeromonas species, there is accumulating evidence that these bacteria are capable of causing usually mild, self-limited diarrheal disease in previously healthy adults. (rti.org)
- P. shigelloides, an organism closely related to Aeromonas species, may also cause diarrhea in the healthy host, but no exotoxins have yet been identified by the assays used to identify other bacterial enterotoxins. (rti.org)
- Haemolysin of Aeromonas sobria is released into the culture supernatant in the form of prohaemolysin. (elsevier.com)
- Infections due to Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides in immuno-compromised hosts have been well documented, but the role of these organisms in causing gastrointestinal disease in healthy persons is controversial. (rti.org)
- Aeromonas species cause: opportunistic systemic disease in immunocompromised patients diarrheal disease in otherwise healthy individuals wound infections If automated machines are not using the most updated database, Elizabethkingia meningoseptica may be mistaken for Aeromonas salmonicida. (wikipedia.org)
- Aeromonas species are endosymbionts of Hirudo medicinalis, a species of leech that is FDA-approved for use in vascular surgery such as skin grafts and flaps. (wikipedia.org)
- Aeromonas species have also been associated with pneumonia after near-drowning events, especially in fresh water. (wikipedia.org)
- Most commonly this has been reported with A. hydrophila, though the ability of clinical laboratories to correctly identify species of Aeromonas has been limited. (wikipedia.org)
- Aeromonas species are resistant to penicillins, most cephalosporins, and erythromycin. (wikipedia.org)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is a species of gram-negative bacteria. (kenyon.edu)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is a member of the family Aeromonadaceae, and is only one of six species Aeromonas species that are known to be pathogenic in humans. (kenyon.edu)
- Some of the diseases that Aeromonas hydrophilia and other Aeromonas species can cause include: septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. (kenyon.edu)
- However, Aeromonas hydrophila is a very prevalent species, and is capable of affecting immunocompetent people as well. (kenyon.edu)
- At one point, it was believed this species did not pose a threat to healthy individuals, but the work of Chopra and Houston (1999) illustrates that Aeromonas hydrophila is more harmful than was previously believed. (kenyon.edu)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is the most well known of the six species belonging to the genus Aeromonas . (kenyon.edu)
- A number of virulence factors produced by Aeromonas species, however, their association with diarrhea have not been clearly linked . (kenyon.edu)
- In addition, our results indicated that there is significant genotypic heterogeneity in Aeromonas eucrenophila (HG6), which may lead to a further subdivision of this species. (nih.gov)
- The results of this study clearly show that the AFLP technique is a valuable new high-resolution genotypic tool for classification of Aeromonas species and also emphasize that this powerful DNA fingerprinting method is important for bacterial taxonomy in general. (nih.gov)
- In this study, light and electron microscopic analyses and genetic and functional investigations have shown that at least 50% of Aeromonas isolates from the species most commonly associated with diarrheal illness produce lateral flagella which mediate swarming motility. (asm.org)
- Southern analysis of Aeromonas reference strains and strains of mesophilic species ( n = 84, varied sources and geographic regions) with a probe designed to detect lateral flagellin genes ( lafA1 and lafA2 ) showed there was no marked species association of laf distribution. (asm.org)
- At least 14 species are now recognized, and there is substantial evidence that some strains (particularly of the species Aeromonas hydrophila HG1, A. caviae HG4, and A. veronii biovar sobria HG8/10) are primary gastrointestinal pathogens ( 18 ). (asm.org)
- Despite difficulties in characterizing the exotoxins produced by Aeromonas species, there is accumulating evidence that these bacteria are capable of causing usually mild, self-limited diarrheal disease in previously healthy adults. (rti.org)
- P. shigelloides, an organism closely related to Aeromonas species, may also cause diarrhea in the healthy host, but no exotoxins have yet been identified by the assays used to identify other bacterial enterotoxins. (rti.org)
- Aeromonas species are well distributed in freshwater environments, and their natural susceptibility to antimicrobials renders them interesting candidates for the survey of antimicrobial resistance in freshwater milieu. (hindawi.com)
- Water samples were collected from Kat and Tyume rivers in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, and a total of 45 isolates identified as Aeromonas species were recovered from the two rivers. (hindawi.com)
- Aeromonas species are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that occur ubiquitously and autochthonously in aquatic environments. (hindawi.com)
- Aeromonas species are agents of infection in fish [ 4 ] and are associated with human diarrheal diseases and wound infections which may result due to contact with contaminated water [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- The ubiquity of Aeromonas species in aquatic ecosystems and their natural susceptibility to antimicrobials render them interesting candidates for the survey of antimicrobial resistance in freshwater environments [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Despite the abundant amount of knowledge about inducible chromosomally mediated β-lactamases among Aeromonas species, extended-spectrum β-lactam-resistant A. hydrophila strains selected in clinical practice were rarely reported. (asm.org)
- Species of the motile mesophilic genus Aeromonas have been known to be pathogenic in immunocompetent and compromised persons ( 13 ). (asm.org)
- The mechanisms mediating antibiotic resistance in clinical Aeromonas species were elucidated recently. (asm.org)
- Aeromonas species were found to possess at least three inducible chromosomally mediated β-lactamases ( 34 ). (asm.org)
- Aerokey II: a flexible key for identifying clinical Aeromonas species. (cdc.gov)
- This experiment was done with the objective to verify the diversity of motile Aeromonas species and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. (scielo.br)
- Isolated colonies oxidase positive, were submitted of tests for identification of the species of Aeromonas (presumptive and biochemical tests). (scielo.br)
- We report the clinical findings, epidemiology, and risk factors for moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) associated with Aeromonas species in children 0-59 months of age, from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, conducted at three sites in south Asia and four sites in sub-Saharan Africa. (ajtmh.org)
- Modern Aeromonas taxonomy started off at the end of the 1970s essentially relying on physiological and biochemical characterization and DNA-DNA hybridizations, the latter still being considered the 'golden standard' for delineation of bacterial species. (caister.com)
- The original 'four-species concept' encompassing Aeromonas hydrophila , Aeromonas caviae , Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas salmonicida was soon expanded with multiple DNA hybridization groups (HGs), most of which were later given the species status. (caister.com)
- The introduction of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting in the 1990s allowed to characterize the phylogenetic and genotypic diversity of larger sets of Aeromonas isolates, and facilitated the description of several new Aeromonas species or the synonymization of existing taxa. (caister.com)
- Even though the last review about the taxonomy, pathogenicity and infections produced by Aeromonas was published fairly recently, in 2010, eight new species have since then been incorporated into the genus. (caister.com)
- Virulence properties of clinical significant Aeromonas species:evidence for pathogenicity. (nii.ac.jp)
- Background: Vibrio and Aeromonas species, which can cause necrotizing fasciitis and primary septicemia, are members of the Vibrionaceae family and thrive in aquatic environments. (ebscohost.com)
- Methods: The cases of thirty-two patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infections and sepsis caused by Vibrio vulnificus (seventeen patients) and Aeromonas species (fifteen patients) were retrospectively reviewed over a four-year period. (ebscohost.com)
- Conclusions: The contact history of patients with a rapid onset of cellulitis can alert clinicians to a differential diagnosis of soft-tissue infection with Vibrio vulnificus (contact with seawater or raw seafood) or Aeromonas species (contact with fresh or brackish water, soil, or wood). (ebscohost.com)
- A. hydrophila , A. caviae and A. veronii biovar sobria are the most important pathogen species of Aeromonas . (merckmillipore.com)
- Virulence factor-activity relationships (VFAR) with specific emphasis on Aeromonas species (spp. (iwaponline.com)
- Importantly, the isolation rate of Aeromonas species from children suffering from diarrhea is similar in developing and developed countries. (iwaponline.com)
- It is becoming clear that only a small subset of Aeromonas species belonging to a particular hybridization group causes disease in humans. (iwaponline.com)
- Aeromonas species were isolated from wounds of patients during the tsunami in southern Thailand. (iwaponline.com)
- Among various species of Aeromonas , A. hydrophila , A. caviae and A. veronii biovar sobria are mainly responsible for causing disease in humans. (iwaponline.com)
- In addition to various virulence factors produced by Aeromonas species, the status of the immune system plays an important role in inducing disease by this pathogen in the host. (iwaponline.com)
- Aeromonas and Vibrio species are aquatic microorganisms and share similar characteristics. (edu.au)
- Study on Aeromonas and Vibrio species has grown widely in the past decades due to unusual antibiotics resistance and virulence factors displayed by these bacteria hence comparative study on the occurrence, prevalence, putative virulence factors and antibiotics resistance of Aeromonas and Vibrio species is therefore required. (edu.au)
- Isolation and haemolytic activity of Aeromonas species from domestic dogs and cats. (semanticscholar.org)
- Rectal swabs from 120 domestic dogs and 15 domestic cats were examined for Aeromonas species using alkaline peptone water (pH 8.6) as the enrichment medium and blood agar containing 15 mg/l ampicillin as the plating medium. (semanticscholar.org)
- Antibiogram characterization and putative virulence genes in Aeromonas species isolated from pig fecal samples. (semanticscholar.org)
- Given the unique PCN, stability, host range and mobilization characteristics determined for p31T1 and that no other plasmid replication and mobilization systems with significant sequence similarity to these plasmids have yet been identified, it is likely that these two plasmids are the first representative members of a new family of plasmids found within aquacultureassociated Aeromonas species and which are involved in the spread of tetracycline resistance. (sun.ac.za)
- Aeromonas species are globally distributed in the aquatic environment. (confex.com)
- The type species of Aeromonas . (thefreedictionary.com)
- A type of species of the genus Aeromonas, which is an opportunistic pathogen that affects children and immunocompromised hosts. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Strong Genomic and Phenotypic Heterogeneity in the Aeromonas sobria Species Complex. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Fourteen species of Aeromonas have been described, most of which have been associated with human diseases. (meddic.jp)
- The Aeromonas genus currently comprises around 20 species. (bode-science-center.com)
- Aeromonas schubertii , a new mannitol-negative species found in human clinical specimens. (dsmz.de)
- A wide spectrum of infections has been associated with Aeromonas species in developing countries that include gastroenteritis, wound infections, septicemia and lung infections. (biomedcentral.com)
- This infection, caused by Aeromonas species , is usually more severe in immunocompromised than immunocompetent individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
- Strains of all four Shigella species ( sonnei, flexneri, boydii and dysenteriae ) as well as some Aeromonas species ( hydrophila, jandaei and tructi ) grow as large or medium-sized orange-red colonies. (cellbiosciences.com.au)
- These data, together with phenotypic characterization and DNA-DNA reassociation results, revealed that these strains represent novel Aeromonas species, for which the names Aeromonas taiwanensis sp. (spotidoc.com)
- 2005). However, several housekeeping genes have proven to have 014621 G 2010 IUMS Printed in Great Britain Two novel clinical Aeromonas species from Taiwan high discriminatory power for differentiating neighbouring species and have been used to clarify the phylogeny of Aeromonas (Yañez et al. (spotidoc.com)
- The most common clinical presentation of Aeromonas is diarrhoea, followed by localized soft-tissue infections and bacteraemia, the prevailing associated species being A. veronii, A. caviae and A. hydrophila (Figueras, 2005). (spotidoc.com)
- Of the 42 isolates of Aeromonas spp. (bioone.org)
- None of the aeromonas isolates was found to be enterotoxigenic by either tissue culture or rabbit ileal loop assays. (asm.org)
- This investigation provides a baseline data on antibiotic resistance as well as the adhesive characteristics of Aeromonas isolates from Tyume and Kat rivers in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. (hindawi.com)
- as well as other human and environmental Aeromonas isolates. (asm.org)
- AQU-1, a chromosomal class C β-lactamase, among clinical Aeromonas dhakensis isolates: distribution and clinical significance. (semanticscholar.org)
- Ninety-six Aeromonas hydrophila isolates were tested for cytotoxin and hemolysin production. (elsevier.com)
- All isolates were Aeromonas caviae , comprising 4 different PFGE types. (confex.com)
- Increasing antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Aeromonas strains in Taiwan. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The gyrB-DGGE analysis was evaluated with Aeromonas isolates and reference strains allowing discrimination of the majority of strains. (pasteur.fr)
- group of 74 Aeromonas isolates from surface water of three ponds in Bielefeld, Germany was screened for prophage induction after UV irradiation. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Identification as Aeromonas hydrophila was the strongest indicator of cytotoxicity, and all 29 (100%) A. hydrophila isolates and 1 (6%) of 16 A. caviae isolates were cytotoxic. (mysciencework.com)
- Aeromonas Chromobacteriosis infection Skin lesion James, William D. (wikipedia.org)
- This finding suggests that Aeromonas organisms are not true pathogens, but work with others to produce infection. (kenyon.edu)
- Depending on the type of Aeromonas bacteria the fish has, the veterinarian will prescribe medication to eliminate the infection -- usually antibiotics. (petmd.com)
- PcnAMP is important in host resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. (jimmunol.org)
- Pooled, age-stratified conditional logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association of Aeromonas infection controlling for coinfecting pathogens and sociodemographic variables. (ajtmh.org)
- Infection with Aeromonas hydrophila can result in gastrointestinal or non-gastrointestinal complications. (canada.ca)
- The risk of infection from oral ingestion of Aeromonas spp. (canada.ca)
- The human population most commonly inflicted with Aeromonas infection includes young children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. (iwaponline.com)
- This review summarizes the results of studies on atypical Aeromonas salmonicida (aAS) -infection among farmed Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) (later referred as charr and grayling, respectively). (jyu.fi)
- To determine the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for the prevention of infection by Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) fingerlings. (eurekamag.com)
- Furunculosis caused by infection with Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. (dtu.dk)
- One such common infection is caused by the Aeromonas salmonicida bacteria. (petmd.com)
- Although the Aeromonas salmonicida bacteria causes the infection, injuries, seasonal changes, sharp changes in water temperature, and poor sanitation or nutrition can all put the fish in state where it is more susceptible to the bacteria. (petmd.com)
- Although clinical infection due to Aeromonas spp. (confex.com)
- Post‐operative Aeromonas infection is rare but very serious, and requires particularly vigilant monitoring. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The main safety concern with leech therapy is the potential for infection with Aeromonas hydrophila , a pathogen found in the intestinal flora of leeches. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Effects of anthraquinone extract from Rheum officinale Bail on the physiological responses and HSP70 gene expression of Megalobrama amblycephala under Aeromonas hydrophila infection. (thefreedictionary.com)
- We here describe a case of soft tissue infection and severe sepsis due to Aeromonas sobria in an immunocompromised patient. (biomedcentral.com)
- In recent years, numerous cases of Aeromonas infection have been described in Taiwan (Huang et al. (spotidoc.com)
- Aeromonas is a genus of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that morphologically resemble members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. (wikipedia.org)
- Members of the genus Aeromonas can be referred to as aeromonads (viz. (wikipedia.org)
- The taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Aeromonas Kluyver and van Niel 1936. (atcc.org)
- High-resolution genotypic analysis of the genus Aeromonas by AFLP fingerprinting. (nih.gov)
- We investigated the ability of a recently developed genomic fingerprinting technique, named AFLP, to differentiate the 14 currently defined DNA hybridization groups (HGs) in the genus Aeromonas. (nih.gov)
- Bacteria of the genus Aeromonas are common in a variety of environments. (frontiersin.org)
- The Aeromonas genus has undergone a number of taxonomic and nomenclature revisions in the past two decades [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Dedicated to the genus Aeromonas , this book provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and authoritative research on the organisms, their taxonomy, ecology and pathogenicity. (caister.com)
- This book brings together experts on this genus in order to serve as a comprehensive review of the current studies pertaining to Aeromonas. (caister.com)
- Since its description by Kluyver and van Niel in 1936, the taxonomic structure of the genus Aeromonas has been drastically reshaped each time new technological advances were made in bacterial systematics. (caister.com)
- The genus Aeromonas includes facultatively anaerobic, Gramnegative, non-spore-forming bacilli or coccobacilli that are generally motile, usually oxidase- and catalase-positive, able to reduce nitrate to nitrite and generally resistant to the vibriostatic agent O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine) (Abbott et al. (spotidoc.com)
- Severe Aeromonas gastroenteritis resembles shigellosis, with blood and leukocytes in the stool. (wikipedia.org)
- In humans Aeromonas hydrophila causes gastroenteritis. (sciencephoto.com)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is associated with septicaemia, pneumonia and gastroenteritis in humans. (sciencephoto.com)
- Although the role of Aeromonas hydrophila as a causative agent of human disease is controversial, some estimated that they may cause 13 % of gastroenteritis cases in United States Footnote 10 . (canada.ca)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacterium that is widely distributed in aquatic environments and can cause septicemia in both fish and humans. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Septicemia due to Aeromonas hydrophila in a pregnant woman: a case report and review of the literature. (cdc.gov)
- The following is a report of a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia who developed septicemia and joint involvement with the organism Aeromonas . (annals.org)
- Merupkan agensia penyebab penyakit hemoragik septikemia (Bacterial Hemorrhagic Septicemia) atau MAS (Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia) atau ulcer disease atau red sore disease pada beragam spesies ikan air tawar (White, 1991). (empangqq.com)
- I particularly like the inclusion of chapter five on the beneficial Aeromonas-animal asssociations" from Frontiers in Microbiology (2015) 6: 1-2. (caister.com)
- In this section you can learn and practice Microbiology Questions based on "Vibrio, Aeromonas and Plesiomonas" and improve your skills in order to face the interview, competitive examination and various entrance test (CAT, GATE, GRE, MAT, Bank Exam, Railway Exam etc.) with full confidence. (indiabix.com)
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- International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2010), 60, 2048-2055 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.014621-0 Aeromonas taiwanensis sp. (spotidoc.com)
- The complete genome of Aeromonas hydrophila strain ATCC 7966T was sequenced . (kenyon.edu)
- Ultrastructural studies of Aeromonas hydrophila strain AH26 revealed two distinctive pilus types: "straight" pili appear as brittle, rod-like filaments, whereas "flexible" pili are supple and curvilinear. (rupress.org)
- No. KP256501) supplementation in rohu (Labeo rohita) challenged by a pathogenic strain of Aeromonas hydrophila MTCC 1739. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The aroA gene of Aeromonas hydrophila SO2/2, encoding 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase, was cloned by complementation of the aroA mutation in Escherichia coli K-12 strain AB2829, and the nucleotide sequence was determined. (asm.org)
- Draft Genome Sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila Strain Ae25, Isolated from a Septicemic Moribund Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Sri Lanka. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Draft Genome Sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila Strain Ae34, Isolated from a Septicemic and Moribund Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio koi), a Freshwater Aquarium Fish. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- nov. (type strain A2-50T 5CECT 7403T 5LMG 24683T) and Aeromonas sanarellii sp. (spotidoc.com)
- Some of the genes in Aeromonas hydrophila contribute to its toxicity. (kenyon.edu)
- Next, the availability of bacterial whole-genome sequences allowed to evaluate single-copy protein-encoding housekeeping genes such as gyrB and rpoD as alternative molecular markers in Aeromonas taxonomy. (caister.com)
- The mRNA expression levels of the three genes were up-regulated in the spleen, head kidney, trunk kidney, liver and blood after challenge of killed Aeromonas hydrophila. (ovid.com)
- Prevalence of enterotoxin genes in Aeromonas spp. (elsevier.com)
- Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Prevalence of enterotoxin genes in Aeromonas spp. (elsevier.com)
- Synthetic oligonucleotide primers of 24 and 23 bases were used in a PCR assay to amplify a sequence of the lip gene, which encodes a thermostable extracellular lipase of Aeromonas hydrophila. (asm.org)
- Aeromonas hydrophila are heterotrophic organisms. (kenyon.edu)
- Furthermore, improved understanding of the interaction of Aeromonas with a variety of living organisms has documented their significant role of specific symbiosis relationships. (frontiersin.org)
- Besides, Aeromonas has been gaining interest for antimicrobial resistance surveillance from water. (frontiersin.org)
- Empiric ciprofloxacin was given to one patient with a temperature of 38.3°C. Stool culture results were available within 3 days for positive isolation of Aeromonas . (cdc.gov)
- Our Aeromonas Selective Blood Agar should modified cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin agar for isolation of Aeromonas spp FC, Yolken RH. (abp-tv.com)
- For the enrichment, isolation and enumeration of Vibrio and Aeromonas , Merck provides dehydrated culture media (DCM) in the form of granules. (merckmillipore.com)
- Effect of dietary copper on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of juvenile Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Aeromonas spp . (biomedcentral.com)
- Initially, Aeromonas was placed in the family Vibrionaceae, but successive phylogenetic analyses revealed that Aeromonas is not closely related to Vibrios and resulted in moving Aeromonas to a new family, the Aeromonadaceae [ 2 , 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Medicated Foods for the Treatment of Koi & Goldfish Aeromonas Bacterial Ulcer Disease, MouthRot and FinRot. (koivet.com)
- The complete genome sequence of Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966T reveals mechanisms contributing to virulence and metabolic condition that allow the organism to grow in a variety of environments and explains how Aeromonas hydrophila is able to survive in polluted or oxygen- poor environments and to colonize and cause illness in humans and other hosts. (kenyon.edu)
- reported the prevalence of Aeromonas spp. (cdc.gov)
- Ceftriaxone and ceftriaxone S-oxide behaved as inactivators against the metallo-beta-lactamase of Aeromonas hydrophila AE036 and as substrates for the zinc beta-lactamase produced by Bacillus cereus (569/H/9) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ULA 511. (asm.org)
- Zn(II) dependence of the Aeromonas hydrophila AE036 metallo-beta-lactamase activity and stability. (scienceopen.com)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacterium that has been implicated in fish, animal, and human disease. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Howard SP, Buckley JT (1985b) Protein export by a gram negative bacterium: production of aerolysin by Aeromonas hydrophila . (springer.com)
- Here, we show that phenoloxidase activity and melanization are important for the immune defense toward a highly pathogenic bacterium, Aeromonas hydrophila , in the freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus . (diva-portal.org)
- Aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic freshwater bacterium that causes disease in humans and terrestrial and aquatic animals. (asm.org)
- Aeromonas hydrophila can be found in aquatic environments as well as in food, and can be found worldwide. (kenyon.edu)
- Because it is so prevalent in aquatic environments, Aeromonas hydrophila can cause serious pathology in fish. (kenyon.edu)
- Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida form a taxonomically diverse group among the psychrophilic A. salmonicida. (nih.gov)
- Aeromonas dhakensis (Ad) CAIM 1873 growth was evaluated at different conditions and antibiotic susceptibility. (semanticscholar.org)
- Our aims were to describe the molecular characteristics of the first cases of VIM-producing Aeromonas caviae isolated from human samples from two hospitals. (confex.com)