Adrenergic fibers. Medical search

Nerve fibers liberating catecholamines at a synapse after an impulse.

Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The largest and uppermost of the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia.

Helium. A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system including the paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia. Among these are the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, celiac, and stellate ganglia.

Clusters of neurons and their processes in the autonomic nervous system. In the autonomic ganglia, the preganglionic fibers from the central nervous system synapse onto the neurons whose axons are the postganglionic fibers innervating target organs. The ganglia also contain intrinsic neurons and supporting cells and preganglionic fibers passing through to other ganglia.

Antineoplastic agent that is also used as a veterinary anesthetic. It has also been used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Urethane is suspected to be a carcinogen.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Within most types of eukaryotic CELL NUCLEUS, a distinct region, not delimited by a membrane, in which some species of rRNA (RNA, RIBOSOMAL) are synthesized and assembled into ribonucleoprotein subunits of ribosomes. In the nucleolus rRNA is transcribed from a nucleolar organizer, i.e., a group of tandemly repeated chromosomal genes which encode rRNA and which are transcribed by RNA polymerase I. (Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology & Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Conditions characterized by pain involving an extremity or other body region, HYPERESTHESIA, and localized autonomic dysfunction following injury to soft tissue or nerve. The pain is usually associated with ERYTHEMA; SKIN TEMPERATURE changes, abnormal sudomotor activity (i.e., changes in sweating due to altered sympathetic innervation) or edema. The degree of pain and other manifestations is out of proportion to that expected from the inciting event. Two subtypes of this condition have been described: type I; (REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY) and type II; (CAUSALGIA). (From Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)

A syndrome characterized by severe burning pain in an extremity accompanied by sudomotor, vasomotor, and trophic changes in bone without an associated specific nerve injury. This condition is most often precipitated by trauma to soft tissue or nerve complexes. The skin over the affected region is usually erythematous and demonstrates hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli and erythema. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1360; Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)

A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.

An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.

A specialty concerned with the study of anesthetics and anesthesia.

A complex regional pain syndrome characterized by burning pain and marked sensitivity to touch (HYPERESTHESIA) in the distribution of an injured peripheral nerve. Autonomic dysfunction in the form of sudomotor (i.e., sympathetic innervation to sweat glands), vasomotor, and trophic skin changes may also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1359)

Individual's rights to obtain and use information collected or generated by others.

The artery supplying nearly all the left half of the transverse colon, the whole of the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and the greater part of the rectum. It is smaller than the superior mesenteric artery (MESENTERIC ARTERY, SUPERIOR) and arises from the aorta above its bifurcation into the common iliac arteries.

A large vessel supplying the whole length of the small intestine except the superior part of the duodenum. It also supplies the cecum and the ascending part of the colon and about half the transverse part of the colon. It arises from the anterior surface of the aorta below the celiac artery at the level of the first lumbar vertebra.

Large subcortical nuclear masses derived from the telencephalon and located in the basal regions of the cerebral hemispheres.

The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.

Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.

The third type of glial cell, along with astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (which together form the macroglia). Microglia vary in appearance depending on developmental stage, functional state, and anatomical location; subtype terms include ramified, perivascular, ameboid, resting, and activated. Microglia clearly are capable of phagocytosis and play an important role in a wide spectrum of neuropathologies. They have also been suggested to act in several other roles including in secretion (e.g., of cytokines and neural growth factors), in immunological processing (e.g., antigen presentation), and in central nervous system development and remodeling.

The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.

Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS.

A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.

A milky, product excreted from the latex canals of a variety of plant species that contain cauotchouc. Latex is composed of 25-35% caoutchouc, 60-75% water, 2% protein, 2% resin, 1.5% sugar & 1% ash. RUBBER is made by the removal of water from latex.(From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). Hevein proteins are responsible for LATEX HYPERSENSITIVITY. Latexes are used as inert vehicles to carry antibodies or antigens in LATEX FIXATION TESTS.

The superior portion of the body of the stomach above the level of the cardiac notch.

The muscular membranous segment between the PHARYNX and the STOMACH in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

The structure at the pharyngoesophageal junction consisting chiefly of the CRICOPHARYNGEUS MUSCLE. It normally occludes the lumen of the ESOPHAGUS, except during SWALLOWING.

An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of the DUODENUM.

A family of 3,6-di(substituted-amino)-9-benzoate derivatives of xanthene that are used as dyes and as indicators for various metals; also used as fluorescent tracers in histochemistry.

Activated macrophages and microglia induce dopaminergic sprouting in the injured striatum and express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. (1/373)

Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons undergo sprouting around the margins of a striatal wound. The mechanism of this periwound sprouting has been unclear. In this study, we have examined the role played by the macrophage and microglial response that follows striatal injury. Macrophages and activated microglia quickly accumulate after injury and reach their greatest numbers in the first week. Subsequently, the number of both cell types declines rapidly in the first month and thereafter more slowly. Macrophage numbers eventually cease to decline, and a sizable group of these cells remains at the wound site and forms a long-term, highly activated resident population. This population of macrophages expresses increasing amounts of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA with time. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA is also expressed in and around the wound site. Production of this factor is by both activated microglia and, to a lesser extent, macrophages. The production of these potent dopaminergic neurotrophic factors occurs in a similar spatial distribution to sprouting dopaminergic fibers. Moreover, dopamine transporter-positive dopaminergic neurites can be seen growing toward and embracing hemosiderin-filled wound macrophages. The dopaminergic sprouting that accompanies striatal injury thus appears to result from neurotrophic factor secretion by activated macrophages and microglia at the wound site. (+info)

Facilitatory beta2-adrenoceptors on cholinergic and adrenergic nerve endings of the guinea pig trachea. (2/373)

Using electrical field stimulation of epithelium-denuded intact guinea pig tracheal tube preparations, we studied the presence and role of prejunctional beta2-adrenoceptors by measuring evoked endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) release directly. Analysis of ACh and NE was through two HPLC systems with electrochemical detection. Electrical field stimulation (150 mA, 0.8 ms, 16 Hz, 5 min, biphasic pulses) released 29.1 +/- 2.5 pmol ACh/g tissue and 70.2 +/- 6.2 pmol NE/g tissue. Preincubation for 15 min with the selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist fenoterol (1 microM) increased both ACh and NE overflow to 178 +/- 28 (P < 0.01) and 165 +/- 12% (P < 0.01), respectively, of control values, increases that were abolished completely by the selective beta2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI-118551 (1 microM). Further experiments with increasing fenoterol concentrations (0.1-100 microM) and different preincubation periods (1, 5, and 15 min) showed a strong and concentration-dependent facilitation of NE release, with maximum response levels decreasing (from nearly 5-fold to only 2.5-fold of control value) with increasing agonist contact time. In contrast, sensitivity of facilitatory beta2-adrenoceptors on cholinergic nerves to fenoterol gradually increased when the incubation period was prolonged; in addition, a bell-shaped concentration-response relationship was found at 15 min of preincubation. Fenoterol concentration-response relationships (15-min agonist preincubation) in the presence of atropine and yohimbine (1 microM each) were similar in the case of NE release, but in the case of ACh release, the bell shape was lost. The results indicate a differential capacity and response time profile of facilitatory prejunctional beta2-adrenoceptors on adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals in the guinea pig trachea and suggest that the receptors on adrenergic nerves are more susceptible to desensitization. (+info)

Impact of development and chronic hypoxia on NE release from adrenergic nerves in sheep arteries. (3/373)

To examine effects of development and chronic high-altitude hypoxia on sympathetic nerve function in sheep, norepinephrine release was measured in vitro from middle cerebral and facial arteries. Capsaicin was used to test the role of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves; norepinephrine release was not altered by capsaicin treatment. Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NO synthase, decreased stimulation-evoked norepinephrine release in middle cerebral arteries from normoxic sheep with no effect in hypoxic arteries or facial arteries. Thus NO-releasing nerves augmented norepinephrine release. Furthermore, the function of NO-releasing nerves declined after chronic hypoxia. Despite loss of the augmenting effects of NO, stimulation-evoked fractional norepinephrine release was unchanged after chronic hypoxia, suggesting that middle cerebral arteries adapt to hypoxia by increasing stimulation-evoked norepinephrine release. In fetal facial arteries, chronic hypoxia resulted in a decline in stimulation-evoked norepinephrine release, but there was an increase in the adult facial artery. In the adult, adaptation to chronic hypoxia is similar in both cerebral and facial arteries. However, differential adaptation in fetal adrenergic nerves may reflect differences in fetal redistribution of blood flow in the face of chronic hypoxia but could also possibly contribute to increased incidence of fetal morbidity. (+info)

Estradiol modulates vascular response to melatonin in rat caudal artery. (4/373)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether estrogen modulates the function of vascular melatonin receptors. We used the rat caudal artery and found that the contractile effects of melatonin were influenced by the estrous cycle, ovariectomy, and estrogen replacement. In arterial ring segments isolated from female rats, melatonin potentiated, in a concentration-dependent manner, contractions produced either by adrenergic nerve stimulation or by phenylephrine. Constrictor responses to melatonin were smaller in arteries from female rats in proestrus compared with other stages of the estrous cycle and after ovariectomy. Administration of 17beta-estradiol to ovariectomized female rats also resulted in decreased constriction of isolated arteries to melatonin; however, in vitro addition of 17beta-estradiol (10(-7) M) had no effect. In the caudal artery, melatonin appears to act on two receptor subtypes that mediate contraction and relaxation, respectively. The selective melatonin MT2-receptor antagonist 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetraline (4P-PDOT) enhanced constrictor responses to melatonin in arterial segments from intact female rats, consistent with the inhibition of MT2 receptor-mediated relaxation. In contrast, 4P-PDOT had no significant effect in arteries from ovariectomized female rats. However, when estradiol was replaced in vivo, the effect of 4P-PDOT on melatonin responses was restored. Thus circulating estradiol appears to enhance MT2 melatonin-receptor function in the thermoregulatory caudal artery of the female rat resulting in increased vasodilatation in response to melatonin. (+info)

Adrenergic innervation in reactive human lymph nodes. (5/373)

Several experimental models have demonstrated that the central nervous system is functionally linked to the immune system by means of the autonomic nervous system. Samples of 36 lymph nodes of patients whose ages ranged from 16 to 69 y were studied. In order to demonstrate the existence and distribution of sympathetic nerve fibres, a polyclonal antibody antityrosine hydroxylase (TH), with the streptavidin-biotin system of detection, was used. TH-positive nerve fibres appeared in all reactive patterns of the lymph nodes studied. Thin nerve fascicles ramified at the hilar region and also in the connective tissue septae. Adventitial adrenergic nerve fibres were found following afferent, and to a lesser extent, efferent blood vessels. Another source of incoming nerve fibres was found at capsular level, accompanying blood vessels. On the arterial side, the innervation ceased before reaching the follicular arterioles. Our demonstration of innervation in postcapillary venules could support a regulatory role of adrenergic neurotransmitters in lymphocyte traffic. Occasional nerve fibres were also seen in T areas among parenchymatous cells. These findings confirm the existence of sympathetic innervation in human lymph nodes, and provide indirect evidence that the psychoneuroimmune axis could also exist in humans. (+info)

Effects of prolonged cold storage on double peaked vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial nerve stimulation in isolated canine splenic arteries. (6/373)

1. P2X-Purinoceptors and alpha1-adrenoceptors have previously been shown to involve in the double peaked vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial electrical nerve stimulation in the isolated and perfused canine splenic artery. The present study made an attempt to investigate effects of prolonged cold storage (7 days at 4 degrees C) on vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial electrical nerve stimulation, tyramine, noradrenaline and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the isolated canine splenic artery. 2. The periarterial nerve stimulation (1-10 Hz) readily causes a double peaked vasoconstriction in the non-stored preparations. After cold stored for 7 days, the double peaked vasoconstriction was still recognized, although the response became significantly smaller. The first phase was decreased relatively greater than the second phase by the cold storage. 3. In the cold stored preparations, the dose-response curve for tyramine was shifted to the right in a parallel manner. Prazosin almost completely inhibited tyramine-induced vasoconstriction but alpha,beta-methylene ATP failed to influence the response to tyramine. 4. The vasoconstrictor responses to noradrenaline and ATP were not significantly modified by the prolonged cold storage. 5. From these results, it is concluded that the functions of sympathetic co-transmission of purinergic components might be influenced more than that of adrenergic components in the cold storage canine splenic artery. (+info)

Role of protons in activation of cardiac sympathetic C-fibre afferents during ischaemia in cats. (7/373)

1. Chest pain caused by myocardial ischaemia is mediated by cardiac sympathetic afferents. The mechanisms of activation of cardiac afferents during ischaemia remain poorly understood. Increased lactic acid production is associated closely with myocardial ischaemia. The present study examined the role of protons generated during ischaemia in activation of cardiac sympathetic C-fibre afferents. 2. Single-unit activity of cardiac afferents innervating both ventricles was recorded from the left sympathetic chain in anaesthetized cats. Epicardial tissue pH was measured within 1-1.5 mm of the surface by a pH-sensitive needle electrode. Responses of cardiac afferents to myocardial ischaemia, lactic acid, sodium lactate, acidic phosphate buffer and hypercapnia were determined. 3. Occlusion of the coronary artery for 5 min decreased epicardial tissue pH from 7.35 +/- 0.21 to 6.98 +/- 0.22 (P < 0.05). Epicardial placement of isotonic neutral phosphate buffer, but not saline, prevented the ischaemia-induced decrease in epicardial pH. This manoeuvre significantly attenuated the response of 16 afferents to 5 min of ischaemia (1.56 +/- 0.23 pre-treatment vs. 0.67 +/- 0.18 impulses s-1). Topical application of 10-100 microg ml-1 of lactic acid, but not sodium lactate, concentration-dependently stimulated 18 cardiac afferents. Inhalation with high-CO2 gas failed to activate 12 separate cardiac afferents. Furthermore, lactic acid stimulated cardiac afferents to a greater extent than acidic phosphate buffer solution, applied at a similar pH to the same afferents. 4. Collectively, this study provides important in vivo evidence that protons contribute to activation/sensitization of cardiac sympathetic C-fibre afferents during myocardial ischaemia. (+info)

5-Hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor activation enhances norepinephrine release from nerves in the rabbit saphenous vein. (8/373)

Although serotonergic receptor agonists are known to modulate release of central serotonin, less is known about the ability of serotonin to alter neurotransmission in peripheral adrenergic nerves. The present study used field stimulation (40V, 0.7 ms duration, 1-16 Hz) to contract the rabbit saphenous vein, an effect that was abolished in the presence of tetrodotoxin and prazosin (10(-6) M), consistent with stimulation of neuronal norepinephrine release. Furthermore, the field-stimulated contraction was not altered by the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(1B/1D) receptor antagonist GR127935 (10(-6) M), but was markedly inhibited by the 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY 100635 (10(-6) M). GR127935 (10(-8) M) inhibited contraction to sumatriptan, documenting that the concentration used was sufficient to block 5-HT(1B/1D-like) vascular receptors in this tissue. Likewise, WAY 100635 (10(-6) M) inhibited contraction to the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists (+/-)-8-hydroxydipropylaminotetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT) and LY238729, without altering contraction to norepinephrine or sumatriptan. Furthermore, both 8-OH-DPAT and LY228729 enhanced the contractile response to field stimulation (1. 0-8.0 Hz) and activated norepinephrine release in the absence of field stimulation. Contractile responses of the rabbit saphenous vein to both 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists were markedly inhibited by prazosin and dextrally shifted by WAY 100635, supporting the idea that the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists were activating presynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors to enhance norepinephrine release even in the absence of field stimulation. Thus, in the rabbit saphenous vein, 5-HT(1A) but not 5-HT(1B/1D) receptors enhanced neurotransmitter release from adrenergic nerves. These observations suggested that serotonergic nerves or other cell types in the saphenous vein are activated by field stimulation to release serotonin, which in turn activates presynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors on adrenergic neurons to effect norepinephrine release. To support this hypothesis, serotonin levels were measured in the saphenous vein and were increased after pargyline pretreatment (30 mg/kg s.c.), decreased after dl-p-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester pretreatment (300 mg/kg s.c.), and unaltered after pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine hydrobromide (100 mg/kg s.c.). Thus, we provide strong evidence for the 1) presence of serotonin and its direct synthesis independent of adrenergic nerves and 2) a novel excitatory effect of presynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptor activation on adrenergic nerves in a peripheral blood vessel. (+info)

ISBN 978-0-7817-4733-2. Eichbaum FW (1975). "'Wavy' myocardial fibers in spontaneous and experimental adrenergic cardiopathies ... one of the earliest changes under a normal microscope are so-called wavy fibers. Subsequently, the myocyte cytoplasm becomes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction_diagnosis

... s are formed on baroreceptor terminals by the presynaptic adrenergic fibers, and are proposed to play a role ... The same cells subsequently project excitatory mossy fibers to pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region. One of the two ... Network-level study revealed that the granule cells (a.k.a. the parallel fibers) which activated Purkinje cells, also activated ... The axon hillock and initial axon segments of mauthner cells receive terminals from extremely fine unmyelinated fibers, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axo-axonic_synapse

... while the main hand-cooling mechanism is alpha-adrenergic and involves sympathetic C-fibers. This contradicts the traditional ... Freedman RR, Sabharwal SC, Ianni P, Desai N, Wenig P, Mayes M (1988). "Nonneural beta-adrenergic vasodilating mechanism in ... Hand-warming involves arteriole vasodilation produced by a beta-2 adrenergic hormonal mechanism. Hand-cooling involves ... Cohen RA, Coffman JD (November 1981). "Beta-adrenergic vasodilator mechanism in the finger". Circulation Research. 49 (5): 1196 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofeedback

Approximately 90% of released NE from the sympathetic nerve fibers is taken up again by postganglionic adrenergic neurons ... These drugs therefore increase the availability of NE for binding to postsynaptic receptors that regulate adrenergic ... is a neurotransmitter that is released predominantly from the ends of sympathetic nerve fibers. The sympathetic nervous system ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitor

... yet the celiac ganglion-mesenteric complex also contain α and β adrenergic receptors and is innervated by fibers of adrenergic ... Modifications in the adrenergic activity of the celiac ganglion results in an altered capacity of the ovary of pregnant rats to ... Most of the fibers of the superior ovarian nerve come from the postganglionic sympathetic neurons of the celiac ganglion. ... and nitric oxide and constitutes a modulation center in the pathway of the afferent and efferent fibers between the central ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celiac_ganglia

... but by adrenergic fibers as well. The glands on palms and soles do not respond to temperature but secrete at times of emotional ... Eccrine glands are innervated by the sympathetic nervous system, primarily by cholinergic fibers whose discharge is altered ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccrine_sweat_gland

... cholinergic and adrenergic transmission were known to arise from different groups of nerve fibers. Dale was interested in the ... whether cholinergic or adrenergic, is characteristic for each particular neurone, and unchangeable. And near the end of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale's_principle

... then further generalized as either adrenergic fibers, releasing noradrenaline, or cholinergic fibers, both releasing ... Most postganglionic sympathetic fibers are adrenergic: their neurotransmitter is norepinephrine; postganglionic sympathetic ... Peripheral autonomic fibers (sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers) are categorized anatomically as either preganglionic or ... Both preganglionic sympathetic fibers and preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are cholinergic. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscarinic_acetylcholine_receptor

In the sympathetic division, neurons are mostly adrenergic (that is, epinephrine and norepinephrine function as the primary ... fibers from the ganglion to the effector organ are called postganglionic fibers. The neurotransmitters of postganglionic fibers ... Preganglionic fibers Nerve fiber Noback C, Ruggiero DA, Demarest RJ, Strominger NL (2005). The Human Nervous System: Structure ... all of these exceptions are still stimulated by cholinergic pre ganglionic fibers. In both divisions of the autonomic nervous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postganglionic_nerve_fibers

... resulting in increased adrenergic input to the spleen via sympathetic nerve fibers descending into lymphoid tissues. The main ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_anti-inflammatory_pathway

... giving rise to fibers innervating extensive areas throughout the neuraxis. Also referred as the Neuroaxis, is the axis in the ... a more intense and prolonged discharge of the locus ceruleus which is the major nor adrenergic nucleus of the brain, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arousal

A single motor neuron is able to innervate multiple muscle fibers, thereby causing the fibers to contract at the same time. ... which bind to adrenergic receptors that are also metabotropic. The exact effects on the smooth muscle depend on the specific ... contraction of all fibers is sufficient to damage the body. In multiple fiber summation, if the central nervous system sends a ... A neuromuscular junction is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. It is the site ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction

... or Cerebrospinal fibers Lateral corticospinal tract Anterior corticospinal tract Corticopontine fibers Frontopontine fibers ... Raphe Nuclei Norepinephrine Pathways Locus coeruleus and other noradrenergic cell groups Epinephrine pathways from adrenergic ... Temporopontine fibers Corticobulbar tract Corticomesencephalic tract Tectospinal tract Interstitiospinal tract Rubrospinal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_regions_in_the_human_brain

In hypothyroidism the fast twitch muscle fiber is converted to slow twitch fiber, causing the slower reflex or hung up reflex. ... This may occur as a result of reduction in muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity and beta-adrenergic receptors, as well as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kocher–Debre–Semelaigne_syndrome

Longitudinal muscle fibers depend on calcium influx into the cell for excitation-contraction coupling, while circular muscle ... These efferent motor neurons of the enteric nervous system are cholinergic and adrenergic neurons.[2] The inner circular layer ... fibers rely on intracellular calcium release. Contraction of the smooth muscle can occur when the BER reaches its plateau (an ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_electrical_rhythm

Activation of α-adrenergic receptors promotes vasoconstriction, while the activation of β-adrenergic receptors mediates the ... Sympathetic nerve fibers travel around the tunica media of the artery, secrete neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine into ... Normally, α-adrenergic receptors predominates in smooth muscle of resistance vessels. Endothelin, and angiotensin are the ... The smooth muscle cell membranes have α and β-adrenergic receptors for these neurotransmitters. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasomotor

Adrenergic receptors. -. Small: Monoamine (Trp). Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). 5-HT. Serotonin receptors (all except 5-HT3) ... Descending NE fibers modulate afferent pain signals. ... The locus ceruleus (LC), which is located on the floor of the fourth ... Adrenergic receptors. -. Small: Monoamine (Phe/Tyr). Epinephrine (adrenaline). Epi, Ad. ... LC firing may also increase anxiety ...Stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors in the amygdala results in enhanced memory for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuro_transmitter

Adrenergic agonists, such as phenylephrine and cyclomydril. Adrenergic agonists may be used if strong mydriasis is needed in ... composed of circularly arranged muscle fibers, and the iris dilator, composed of radially arranged muscle fibers. The sphincter ... Parasympathetic fibers travel with cranial nerve III, the oculomotor nerve, to innervate the circular layer of muscle of the ... Hence adrenergic agonists mimic the activity of norepinephrine, which is how they induce mydriasis. Natural release of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis

Snyders DJ, Van Bogaert P-P: Alinidine modifies the pacemaker current in sheep Purkinje fibers. Pflügers Arch 1987, 410:83-91 ... 1993). "Short-term effects of early intravenous treatment with a beta-adrenergic blocking agent or a specific bradycardiac ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alinidine

A sympathectomy would alleviate the cyanosis by disrupting the fibers of the sympathetic nervous system to the area. However, ... However, there is little, if any, empirical evidence that vasoactive drugs (α-adrenergic blocking agents or calcium channel ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocyanosis

When the body receives sensory information, the sympathetic nervous system sends a signal to preganglionic nerve fibers, which ... In such cases, curative agents such as adrenergic agonists and antagonists are used to modify epinephrine and norepinephrine ... These stimuli travel through the sympathetic nervous system by means of preganglionic nerve fibers that emerge from the ... Chromaffin cells contained in the adrenal medulla act as postganglionic nerve fibers that release this chemical response into ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathoadrenal_system

Efferent nerve fiber. G. *General somatic efferent fibers. *General visceral afferent fibers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Peripheral_nervous_system

J. M. Kitzen, M. Ilhan, J. G. Cannon and J. P. Long (1976). "α-Adrenergic activity of N,N-dimethyldopamine (DMDA)." Eur. J. ... produced by electrical stimulation of the post-ganglionic fibers of cat cardioaccelerator nerve, an i.v. dose of ~ 15 μg/kg ... From these and other related observations, the researchers concluded that DMDA was a potent inhibitor of the adrenergic system ... M. Ilhan, J. P. Long and J. G. Cannon (1975). "Bulbocapnine's ability to antagonize the adrenergic inhibitory action of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N,N-Dimethyldopamine

These fibers with their extracellular matrices contribute to the viscoelasticity of these tissues. For example, the great ... So there is a difference in the distribution of the various adrenergic receptors that explains the difference in why blood ... The embryological origin of smooth muscle is usually of mesodermal origin, after the creation of muscle fibers in a process ... adrenergic receptors), second messenger generators (adenylate cyclase, phospholipase C), G proteins (RhoA, G alpha), kinases ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_muscle

The diagnosis of dysautonomia depends on the overall function of three autonomic functions - cardiovagal, adrenergic, and ... Cold pressor test Deep breathing Hyperventilation test Nerve biopsy for small fiber neuropathy Quantitative sudomotor axon ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysautonomia

The cell that sends its fiber is called a preganglionic cell, while the cell whose fiber leaves the ganglion is called a ... This is because of a proportional increase in the presence of β2 adrenergic receptors rather than α1 receptors. β2 receptors ... are not divided into parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers as the efferent fibers are.[14] Instead, autonomic sensory ... This response is also known as sympatho-adrenal response of the body, as the preganglionic sympathetic fibers that end in the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system

... cell layer and deep nuclei for alpha-1-adrenergic receptor and alpha-2-adrenergic receptor binding as well as beta-adrenergic ... noradrenaline fibers from the locus coeruleus, and dopamine fibers from the ventral tegmental area. 5HT concentrations ... With total area binding in cerebellar cortex, values were still higher than normal for alpha-2-adrenergic receptors but were ... Monoamine systems have been examined in view of cerebellar targets by 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5HT) fibers originating from medial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGTPBP1_(gene)

Endogenous phosphorylation level is around 30% of the total ALC-2. Alpha(1)-adrenergic stimulation by phenylephrine in atrial ... this change was concomitant with enhanced sensitivity of atrial fibers to calcium. In patients with congenital atrial septal ... "Calcium sensitivity and myosin light chain pattern of atrial and ventricular skinned cardiac fibers from patients with various ... kinase-mediated MLC2a phosphorylation in the alpha 1-adrenergic positive inotropic effect in human atrium". Cardiovascular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYL7

Hartzell HC, Titus L (Feb 1982). "Effects of cholinergic and adrenergic agonists on phosphorylation of a 165,000-dalton ... skinned cardiac fibers suggesting that cMyBP-C is required to constrain the crossbridges in order to sustain a normal ejection ... Schlossarek S, Schuermann F, Geertz B, Mearini G, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L (May 2012). "Adrenergic stress reveals septal ... "Hypercontractile properties of cardiac muscle fibers in a knock-in mouse model of cardiac myosin-binding protein-C". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin_binding_protein_C,_cardiac

... and other sensory neuropeptides can be released from the peripheral terminals of sensory nerve fibers in the skin, ... administered through the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nervous system (branch of the vagal system). ... Substance P and other sensory neuropeptides can be released from the peripheral terminals of sensory nerve fibers in the skin, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P

... both by the direct action of sympathetic nerve fibers on the heart and by causing the endocrine system to release hormones such ... Adrenergic storm Alcohol Amphetamine Anaemia Antiarrhythmic agents Anxiety Atrial fibrillation Atrial flutter Atrial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachycardia

Some caterpillars produce silk fiber from salivary glands.[citation needed] Produced in salivary glands, human saliva is 99.5% ... Norepinephrine binding to α-adrenergic receptors will cause an increase in intracellular calcium levels leading to more fluid ... If norepinephrine binds β-adrenergic receptors, it will result in more protein or enzyme secretion vs. fluid secretion. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva

... and adrenergic (releasing norepinephrine). Because of the complexity of receptor signal transduction, chemical synapses can ... fibers *Ia or Aα. *Ib or Golgi or Aα. *II or Aβ and Aγ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapses

... is controlled through the balanced control of lipolytic B-adrenergic receptors and a2A-adrenergic receptor-mediated ... "Specific force deficit in skeletal muscles of old rats is partially explained by the existence of denervated muscle fibers" ... β-adrenergic receptor activation.[46] UCP1 is proposed to function as a fatty acid proton symporter, although the exact ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipose

hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse. Biological process. • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation. • negative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPER

... fiber and fluid, and how to avoid foods that are difficult to swallow. Providing meals with vitamin E and taking vitamin E ... Beta-adrenergic agonist drugs have been proposed as a treatment for their effects on muscle growth and neuroprotection, but ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_Gehrig's_Disease

The ventricles are more richly innervated by sympathetic fibers than parasympathetic fibers. Sympathetic stimulation causes the ... Epinephrine and norepinephrine have similar effects: binding to the beta-1 adrenergic receptors, and opening sodium and calcium ... The cardioaccelerator center also sends additional fibers, forming the cardiac nerves via sympathetic ganglia (the cervical ... It also impacts the beta adrenergic response similar to epinephrine and norepinephrine.[11] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate

cell body fiber. • integral component of plasma membrane. • dendritic shaft. • axon. • neuronal cell body. • caveola. • ... but through its high affinity for alpha1 adrenergic receptors. It also has high affinity for H1 histaminergic receptors equal ... related to ketanserin such as ritanserin are more selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonists with low affinity for alpha-adrenergic ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-HT2A_receptor

... receives the densest fiber input and the medial portion receives light fiber projections.[24] This branching continues until ... Fibers from the lateral olfactory tract begin branching into the olfactory tubercle around E17. The lateral portion of the ... These visual sensory fibers arrive from the retinal ganglion cells. Thus, the olfactory tubercle may play a role in the ... auditory and visual sensory fibers, and a number of structures in the reward-arousal system, as well as the olfactory cortex. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_tubercle

Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist Increase blood pressure Yohimbine[111] Prognosis[edit]. POTS has a favorable prognosis when ... and thermal threshold tests for small-fiber neuropathy.[22] ... Especially elevations of adrenergic α1 receptor is associated ... Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist Constrict the peripheral blood vessels aiding venous return. Midodrine[17][89][90][91] ... alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist Decreases blood pressure and sympathetic nerve traffic. Clonidine,[12] Methyldopa[12] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postural_orthostatic_tachycardia_syndrome?fbclid=IwAR2m8ZJtGrPxMde9Kcig0hirlDDwZlopEkcXtoRcEKOdsmSvNO64truK5qc

Dietary changes known to be effective in helping to prevent diabetes include maintaining a diet rich in whole grains and fiber ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic

Depolarizing blocking agents: These agents act by depolarizing the sarcolemma of the skeletal muscle fiber. This persistent ... Adrenergic. *Adrenergic receptor agonist (α. *β (1. *2)). *Adrenergic receptor antagonist (α (1 ... In depolarizing the musculature, suxamethonium may trigger a transient release of large amounts of potassium from muscle fibers ... Depolarizing blocking agents work by depolarizing the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber, similar to acetylcholine. However, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular-blocking_drug

... and the floor of the mouth or between muscle fibers of the tongue.[10] They are 1 to 2 mm in diameter and unlike the major ... which is then received by β-adrenergic receptors on the acinar and ductal cells of the salivary glands, leading to an increase ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland

Small fiber peripheral neuropathy can damage the nerves that control the sweat glands. The sweat gland nerve fiber density test ... though they can also be activated via adrenergic stimulation.[37] Like eccrine glands, they continuously secrete a thin, watery ... Each sweat gland receives several nerve fibers that branch out into bands of one or more axons and encircle the individual ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweat_gland

... a band of fibers previously thought to mediate retrieval of specific events from one's personal past.[10] ... and β-adrenergic-dependent, PNAD, 100(23), 13626-13631. doi:10.1073/pnas.1635116100 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrograde_amnesia

Tizanidine is perhaps the most thoroughly studied clonidine analog, and is an agonist at α2-adrenergic receptors, but reduces ... It reduces skeletal muscle strength by inhibiting the excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. In normal muscle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle_relaxant

Harris EW, Cotman CW (September 1986). "Long-term potentiation of guinea pig mossy fiber responses is not blocked by N-methyl D ... Straube T, Frey JU (2003). "Involvement of beta-adrenergic receptors in protein synthesis-dependent late long-term potentiation ... These experiments were carried out by stimulating presynaptic fibers of the perforant pathway and recording responses from a ... As expected, a single pulse of electrical stimulation to fibers of the perforant pathway caused excitatory postsynaptic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_term_potentiation

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents (beta blockers) also form part of the first line of treatment, adding to the improvement in ... This is especially problematic in people with left bundle branch block (blockage of one of the two primary conducting fiber ... This is caused by the terminally differentiated heart muscle fibers increasing in size in an attempt to improve contractility. ... Reduced perfusion of skeletal muscle causes atrophy of the muscle fibers. This can result in weakness, increased fatiguability ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

The nerve fibers of the parasympathetic system are responsible for the involuntary movement of smooth muscles present in the ... Adrenergic. *Adrenergic receptor agonist (α. *β (1. *2)). *Adrenergic receptor antagonist (α (1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergics

Noradrenaline is released from the neurons, and acts on adrenergic receptors. Noradrenaline is often released steadily so that ... Corticopontine tract/Frontopontine fibers/Temporopontine fibers. Grey: Substantia nigra. *Pars compacta. *Pars reticulata ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromodulator

GVA fibers on the superior surface follow the course of the sympathetic efferent nerves back to the CNS, while GVA fibers on ... β2 adrenergic receptors.[12][13] The detrusor muscle is unusually able to change its length. It can also contract for a long ... The detrusor muscle is a layer of the urinary bladder wall made of smooth muscle fibers arranged in spiral, longitudinal, and ... Sensation from the bladder is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS) via general visceral afferent fibers (GVA). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neck_of_urinary_bladder

Postural muscles contain more slow fibers, and are more prone to atrophy than non-postural muscle groups.[20] The loss of ... Another countermeasure includes administration of midodrine, which is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist. Midodrine ... The use of beta-2 adrenergic agonists to increase muscle mass, and the use of essential amino acids in conjunction with ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-g_environment

A WB 4101-sensitive alpha-1 adrenergic receptor subtype modulates repolarization in canine Purkinje fibers.. J H Lee, S F ... A WB 4101-sensitive alpha-1 adrenergic receptor subtype modulates repolarization in canine Purkinje fibers.. J H Lee, S F ... A WB 4101-sensitive alpha-1 adrenergic receptor subtype modulates repolarization in canine Purkinje fibers.. J H Lee, S F ... We used standard microelectrode techniques to study alpha-1 adrenergic modulation of repolarization in canine Purkinje fibers. ...

https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/258/2/681

... adrenergic fibres explanation free. What is adrenergic fibres? Meaning of adrenergic fibres medical term. What does adrenergic ... Looking for online definition of adrenergic fibres in the Medical Dictionary? ... adrenergic fibers. (redirected from adrenergic fibres) ad·re·ner·gic fi·bers. nerve fibers that transmit nervous impulses to ... Synonym(s): adrenergic fibres. ad·re·ner·gic fi·bers. (adrĕ-nĕrjik fībĕrz) Nerve fibers that transmit nervous impulses to ...

https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/adrenergic+fibres

Zochodne, Douglas W. ; Low, Phillip A. ; Dyck, Peter J. / Adrenergic sympathectomy ablates unmyelinated fibers in the rat ... Zochodne, D. W., Low, P. A., & Dyck, P. J. (1989). Adrenergic sympathectomy ablates unmyelinated fibers in the rat ... Adrenergic sympathectomy ablates unmyelinated fibers in the rat preganglionic cervical sympathetic trunk. Brain Research. ... Adrenergic sympathectomy ablates unmyelinated fibers in the rat preganglionic cervical sympathetic trunk. / Zochodne, Douglas ...

https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/adrenergic-sympathectomy-ablates-unmyelinated-fibers-in-the-rat-p

Adrenergic sensitivity of uninjured C-fiber nociceptors in neuropathic rats Adrenergic sensitivity of uninjured C-fiber ... We investigated the adrenergic sensitivity of afferent fibers in the L4 dorsal roots of rats with a unilateral ligation of the ... Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Animals / Nerve Fibers Language: English Journal: Yonsei Medical Journal Year: 2000 Type: Article ... Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Animals / Nerve Fibers Language: English Journal: Yonsei Medical Journal Year: 2000 Type: Article ...

https://search.bvsalud.org/gim/resource/en/wpr-74161

β 2-Adrenergic agonist salbutamol augments hypertrophy in MHCIIa fibers and sprint mean power output but not muscle force ... NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here, we show that daily oral treatment with selective β 2-agonist salbutamol induces muscle fiber isoform ... fiber type composition, maximal activity of enzymes of importance for anaerobic energy turnover, and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ... of sprint mean power output induced by salbutamol is at least partly attributed to greater hypertrophy of MHCIIa fibers and ...

https://research.regionh.dk/da/publications/-2adrenergic-agonist-salbutamol-augments-hypertrophy-in-mhciia-fibers-and-sprint-mean-power-output-but-not-muscle-force-during-11-weeks-of-resistance-training-in-young-men

Adrenergic Fibers / pathology * Adult * Aged * Axons / pathology * Biomarkers * Connective Tissue / pathology * Female ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26032213/?dopt=Abstract

Adrenergic Fibers / drug effects * Adrenergic Fibers / enzymology * Adrenergic Fibers / physiology * Animals * Animals, Newborn ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12086645/?dopt=Abstract

ACh-releasing fibers. Cholinergic fibers. sympathetic postganglionic axons that release NE. Adrenergic fibers. ...

https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-920395

Adrenergic Fibers / analysis*. Age Factors. Animals. Animals, Newborn. Catecholamines / analysis*. Cholinergic Fibers. Cornea ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Consecutive-demonstration-nerves-containing-catecholamine/833015.html

Adrenergic Fibers / physiology*, ultrastructure. Animals. Atmospheric Pressure*. Ganglia, Sympathetic / physiology*, ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Effects-isolation-high-helium-pressure/2794347.html

adrenergic fibers of sympathetic nervous system 26 what does septa do for compound glands? ...

https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/unit-6-exocrine-glands-1952460/packs/2604032

The cholinergic fibers generally cause contraction, whereas the adrenergic fibers mainly cause inhibition. ... Extrinsic neural afferents to the ENS contain cholinergic and adrenergic fibers. ... The activity of both the cholinergic system and the adrenergic system is 2-3 times that of normal intestine. The cholinergic ( ... excitatory) system is thought to predominate over the adrenergic (inhibitory) system, leading to an increase in smooth muscle ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/178493-overview

... blockade of adrenergic receptors that populate afferent sensory fibers; Site 3) blockade of -adrenergic receptors on the ... adrenergic receptors [6]. It forms covalent bonds with these receptors, which results in a duration of blockade of 8 days or ... T. C. Westfall and D. P. Westfall, "Adrenergic agonists and antagonists," in Goodman and Gilmans, the Pharmacological Basis of ... R. N. Spengler, R. M. Allen, D. G. Remick, R. M. Strieter, and S. L. Kunkel, "Stimulation of α-adrenergic receptor augments the ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/arp/2013/978615/

Adrenergic fiber (NE is also called noradrenaline). secretes NE (norepinephrine). Cholinergic fiber. secretes ACH (acetlchorine ... short preganglionic fibers.long postganglionic fibers (thoracolumbar division. NEUROTRANSMITTERS=. Ach secreted by sympathetic ... preganglionic fibers NE secreted by sympathetic postganglionic fibers. ...

https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-343756

β-Adrenergic receptor stimulation with norepinephrine (1 μmol/L) attenuated alternans by 60 [52-65]% [interquartile range] and ... β-adrenergic receptor stimulation with norepinephrine (1 µmol/L) attenuated alternans by 60 [52-65] % [interquartile range] and ... We hypothesize that the border zone is most vulnerable to alternans, that β-adrenergic receptor stimulation can suppresses this ... Simulations also demonstrated that β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in this specific region reduced the formation of ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2019.00350/full

Most postganglionic sympathetic fibers are adrenergic except for sweat glands, thermoregulatory center, arrector pili ...

https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/pharmaco-chapter-5-5290224/packs/7866391

Adrenergic (C1 and C2) neurons, nerve fibers and presumptive terminal processes. J. Comp. Neurol. 233, 333-349. ... II., Dopaminergic, noradrenergic (A1 and A2) and adrenergic neurons, nerve fibers, and presumptive terminal processes. J. Comp ... Qian, Y., Fritzsch, B., Shirasawa, S., Chen, C. L., Choi, Y., and Ma, Q. (2001). Formation of brainstem (nor)adrenergic centers ... 2007). Origin of climbing fiber neurons and their developmental dependence on Ptf1a. J. Neurosci. 27, 10924-10934. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnana.2013.00007/full

ISBN 978-0-7817-4733-2. Eichbaum FW (1975). "Wavy myocardial fibers in spontaneous and experimental adrenergic cardiopathies ... one of the earliest changes under a normal microscope are so-called wavy fibers. Subsequently, the myocyte cytoplasm becomes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction_diagnosis

adrenergic fiber. adrenergic receptor. antagonistic effects. cholinergic fiber. cholinergic receptor. collateral ganglia. COMT ... They are called adrenergic fibers because of their release of NE.. b. Parasympathetic pre and postganglionic fibers release Ach ... 2. General Effects of cholinergic and adrenergic fibers.. a. Cholinergic fibers have a generally rapid effect on the body ... 9. Explain the terms: adrenergic fibers, and cholinergic fibers.. 10. Explain why norepinephrines effects on the body are ...

https://www.kbcc.cuny.edu/academicdepartments/bio/11new/webpages/unit12.html

Fibers that release norepinephrine. *Most postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic division are adrenergic, but some are ...

https://www.slideserve.com/jacob/pharmacology

Adrenergic activation modulates the signal from the Reissner fiber to cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons during development ... Golgi localized β1-adrenergic receptors stimulate Golgi PI4P hydrolysis by PLCε to regulate cardiac hypertrophy Craig A Nash et ... The Reissner fiber in the cerebrospinal fluid is required for a signal integrated by developing sensory neurons and modulated ... β-adrenergic receptors at the Golgi apparatus activate a local signaling pathway, not accessed by cell surface receptors, to ...

https://elifesciences.org/search?for=norepinephrine&sort=relevance&order=descending

Adrenergic activation modulates the signal from the Reissner fiber to cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons during development ... Finally, we study how local adrenergic activation can substitute for the Reissner fiber-signaling pathway to CSF-cNs and rescue ... Our results show that the Reissner fiber acts on CSF-cNs and thereby contributes to establish body axis morphogenesis, and ... Yet, the signaling cascade originating from this fiber to ensure body axis straightening is not understood. Here, we explore ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/57513

a-adrenergic tone Adrenergic nerve fibers accompany coronary vessels of any size. The stimulation of cardiac sympathetic nerves ... The role of alpha-adrenergic activity in large and small coronary arteries in man.- 8. Adrenergic control of human coronary ... Alpha-adrenergic receptors and coronary vasospasm.- 11. Enhanced transcardiac 1-norepinephrine response during cold pressor ... Thus, the primary effect of sympathetic stimulation on the coronary arteries is the alpha-adrenergic mediated vasoconstriction ...

https://www.booktopia.com.au/coronary-tone-in-ischemic-heart-disease-w-kupper/prod9780898386462.html

cutaneous vessels are innervated by sympathetic adrenergic vasoconstrictor fibers; vasodilation is an important mechanism for ...

http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Cardiac+vessels

In both mice and humans, adrenergic nerve fibers were denser in p53-deficient oral tumor tissue. ... and surrounded by fewer adrenergic-like neurons. On the other hand, human patients with higher densities of adrenergic neurons ... Adrenergic nerves can trigger the bodys "fight-or-flight" response by releasing stimulating chemical messengers. Previous work ... Consistent with this idea, when the researchers blocked adrenergic signaling in mice, either by disabling sensory nerves or ...

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/2020/cancerous-conversation-fuels-oral-tumors

Cholinergic fibers secrete acetylcholine, while adrenergic fibers secrete norepinephrine. Acetylcholine is typically used in ... One cell is housed in the spinal cord or brain stem and is connected by nerve fibers to the other cell, which can be found ... Nerve fibers from the ganglia connect them to the organs they regulate. ...

https://www.medicaldevicedepot.com/Articles.asp?ID=310

15th Dec 2001 Medline: Adrenergic Nerve Fibers In Thymus During Immune Response 15th Dec 2001 Medline: HLA Gene In MS In ...

http://www.mult-sclerosis.org/news/Dec2001/CowboyDec01.html

The results obtained support the hypothesis that both NE and 5-HT coexist in the nerve vesicles of pineal adrenergic fibers. ... Both drugs deplete the pool of pineal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) localized in the adrenergic fibers which innervate the gland. ... ULTRASTRUCTURAL CYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE IN ADRENERGIC NERVE ENDINGS. III. SELECTIVE INCREASE OF ... ULTRASTRUCTURAL CYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE IN ADRENERGIC NERVE ENDINGS. III. SELECTIVE INCREASE OF ...

https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/178/1/42

Nerve fibers that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic fibers. Fibers that secrete norepinephrine are called adrenergic ... The role of cholinergic and adrenergic fibers continues to be studied in dysautonomia research and particularly the role they ... fibers. Generally, acetylcholine has parasympathetic (inhibiting) effects and norepinephrine has sympathetic (stimulating) ...

https://www.dinet.org/content/information-resources/dysautonomia-disorders-diagnostics-info/understanding-the-autonomic-nervous-system-r208/

... composed of primarily elastic fibers, support the penis at its base. ... Adrenergic nerve fibers and receptors are present in the cavernous trabeculae, and they surround the deep penile arteries. ... The tunica is composed of elastic fibers that form an irregular, latticed network on which the collagen fibers rest. The tunica ... The cavernous nerves are a combination of parasympathetic and visceral afferent fibers and provide the nerve supply to the ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1949325-overview

It forms covalent bonds with these receptors, which results in a duration of blockade of 8 days or longer for full recovery of adrenergic effects on blood pressure (animal experiments) [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
12. Describe the similarities and differences between alpha and beta adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic division of the ANS. (cuny.edu)
Selective activation of locus coeruleus noradrenergic terminals drives anxiety-like behaviors through activation of β-adrenergic receptors in the basolateral amygdala. (elifesciences.org)
β-adrenergic receptors at the Golgi apparatus activate a local signaling pathway, not accessed by cell surface receptors, to drive cardiac hypertrophy and could represent a target for heart failure therapy. (elifesciences.org)
10. Alpha-adrenergic receptors and coronary vasospasm. (booktopia.com.au)
Receptor characterization studies suggest not only cholinergic but also β-adrenergic, 1 8 9 serotonergic, 10 and purinergic 1 11 12 receptors on ganglionic neurons. (ahajournals.org)
Studies on the importance of sympathetic innervation, adrenergic receptors, and a possible local catecholamine production in the development of patellar tendinopathy (tendinosis) in man. (diva-portal.org)
Immunoreactions for adrenergic receptors were noticed in nerve fascicles containing both sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers. (diva-portal.org)
Interestingly, immunoreactions for adrenergic receptors and TH were noted for the tendon cells (tenocytes), especially in tendinosis tendons. (diva-portal.org)
The observation of adrenergic receptors on tenocytes is interesting, as stimulation of these receptors can lead to cell proliferation, degeneration, and apoptosis, events which are all known to occur in tendinosis. (diva-portal.org)
Norepinephrine acts mainly on which adrenergic receptors? (cueflash.com)
Which adrenergic receptors are located in the brain, kidneys & other viscera? (cueflash.com)
β-adrenergic receptors have been classified as β1 and β2 since 1967. (dovepress.com)
Peripheral autonomic fibers (sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers) are categorized anatomically as either preganglionic or postganglionic fibers, then further generalized as either adrenergic fibers, releasing noradrenaline, or cholinergic fibers, both releasing acetylcholine and expressing acetylcholine receptors. (wikipedia.org)
The main method utilized was immunohistochemistry, using antibodies directed against synthesizing enzymes for acetylcholine and catecholamines, against muscarinic and adrenergic receptors, and against markers of general and sensory innervation. (diva-portal.org)
Immunoreactions for muscarinic and adrenergic receptors were also found in blood vessel walls and in some of the nerve fascicles. (diva-portal.org)
Furthermore, it gives the first evidence of the presence of a local, non-neuronal production in the tendon tissue of signal substances normally seen in neurons, and a basis for these substances to affect the tenocytes as these cells also display muscarinic and adrenergic receptors. (diva-portal.org)
This is of great interest as it is known that stimulation of receptors for both catecholamines and acetylcholine can lead to cell proliferation, interfere with pain sensation, influence collagen production, and take part in vasoregulation, as well as, in the case of adrenergic receptors, promote cell degeneration and apotosis. (diva-portal.org)
The occurrence and distribution of neurohormonal peptides, neuroendocrine markers and receptors in parathyroid nerve fibers and endocrine cells are described, using immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, image analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. (dissertations.se)
Norepinephrine, a major elevated neurotransmitter in depression, significantly promoted neuropeptide Y (NPY) release from prostate cancer cells via β2 adrenergic receptors (β2ARs). (aacrjournals.org)
Disturbance in the central nervous system (CNS), autonomic nerve fibers, adrenergic receptors, or baroreceptors. (mhmedical.com)
The early phases of tumor development were prevented by chemical or surgical sympathectomy and by genetic deletion of stromal β2- and β3-adrenergic receptors. (nih.gov)
Catecholamines released by sympathetic nerves can activate adrenergic receptors present on nearly every cell type, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). (jci.org)

We studied the cervical sympathetic trunk of the rat following daily injection for 5 weeks of guanethidine monosulphate, a regimen known to selectively destroy adrenergic neurons outside of the blood-brain barrier leaving cholinergic systems and preganglionic structures intact. (elsevier.com)
The Reissner fiber in the cerebrospinal fluid is required for a signal integrated by developing sensory neurons and modulated by catecholamines to control the embryo posterior axis morphogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
The researchers found evidence that the microRNAs could nudge sensory neurons to reduce their normal gene activity and adopt genetic characteristics of a different class of nerves known as adrenergic neurons, which are usually rare in the oral cavity. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, electrophysiological studies show that neurons within cardiac ganglia respond to application of cholinergic 6 as well as adrenergic, 1 9 13 14 15 histaminergic, 16 purinergic, 1 11 12 and peptidergic 1 15 17 agonists and antagonists. (ahajournals.org)
He (14-19) along with Alcántara (20), suggested that Chagas' disease is a neuropathy resulting from denervation caused by widespread destruction of parasympathetic neurons and nervous fibers in different areas - a theory that explained the occurrence of cardiopathy and megaviscera. (fac.org.ar)
There was also depletion of TH fibers and sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) in the 2 MSA cases examined. (elsevier.com)
Since TH is the key and rate-limiting enzyme for catecholaminergic synthesis, these IR neurons may represent dopaminergic, noradrenergic or adrenergic neural elements. (luriechildrens.org)
In our study, we conclude that all of the catecholaminergic perikarya and the majority of the catecholaminergic fibers represent dopaminergic neurons in the human hypothalamus. (luriechildrens.org)
releasing epinephrine: adrenergic neurons[/ex] 3) biochem. (academic.ru)
This occurs as sprouting of sympa- thetic fibers, creating aberrant communication pathways from the new sympathetic terminals to sensory neurons (35). (blogspot.com)

The dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) supplies parasympathetic motor preganglionic fibers to the viscera and is involved in the central nervous system (CNS) control of gastric motility ( 10 ). (physiology.org)
Sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibers, parasympathetic postganglionic fibers, and efferent somatic fibers ending in skeletal muscle are cholinergic. (unboundmedicine.com)
In the autonomic nervous system (ANS), nerve fibers that connect the central nervous system to ganglia are known as preganglionic fibers. (lumenlearning.com)
All preganglionic fibers of the ANS are cholinergic -meaning they have acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter, and are myelinated for faster transmission. (lumenlearning.com)
Differences between sympathetic and parasympatheic preganglionic fibers include that sympathetic preganglionic fibers tend to be shorter than parasympathetic fibers and sympathetic fibers tend to form more synapses than parasympathetic fibers. (lumenlearning.com)
In the autonomic nervous system, fibers from the CNS to the ganglion are known as preganglionic fibers. (lumenlearning.com)
All preganglionic fibers, whether they are in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or in the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS), are cholinergic-that is, these fibers use acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter-and are myelinated. (lumenlearning.com)
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers tend to be shorter than parasympathetic preganglionic fibers because sympathetic ganglia are often closer to the spinal cord while parasympathetic preganglionic fibers tend to project to and synapse with the postganglionic fiber close to the target organ. (lumenlearning.com)

The state of the nervous structures in the region of adenoid overgrowths was studied by histochemical methods, demonstrating adren- and cholinergic nerve fibers in the same section (incubation in glyoxylic acid and Karnovsky-Roots method). (bvsalud.org)
It was found that cholinergic nerve fibers were located similarly to adrenergic fibers, but appeared thicker and had larger varicosities. (bvsalud.org)
Similar to adrenergic fibers, cholinergic nerve fibers often passed from perivascular plexuses and innervated the lymphoid tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Many neurotransmitters playing important roles in reproductive physiology are released after stimulation by adrenergic or cholinergic nerve fibers (the so called sympathetic/parasympathetic co-transmission). (eurekaselect.com)
Cholinergic nerve fibers are found in the peripheral and central nervous systems of vertebrate and invertebrate animals. (thefreedictionary.com)
The disease is defined by the absence of submucosal GCs and the presence of excessive cholinergic nerve fibers in an adequate biopsy specimen. (thefreedictionary.com)
Botulinum toxin, which causes temporary chemical denervation of the cholinergic nerve fibers , has also been used successfully to manage sialoceles. (thefreedictionary.com)

Cholinergic fibers secrete acetylcholine, while adrenergic fibers secrete norepinephrine. (medicaldevicedepot.com)
Nerve fibers that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic fibers. (dinet.org)
They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system . (wikipedia.org)
The adrenal medulla is considered a sympathetic ganglion and, like other sympathetic ganglia, is supplied by cholinergic preganglionic sympathetic fibers: acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter utilized at this synapse. (wikipedia.org)
all are cholinergic fibers, and use acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter. (wikipedia.org)
the abbreviated name of acetylcholinergic fibers), nerve fibers whose endings release the mediator acetylcholine during the transmission of an impulse. (thefreedictionary.com)

About 12% of nociceptive fibers on the affected side were excited by sympathetic stimulation or by intra-arterial injection of norepinephrine which did not affect A beta-fiber activity. (bvsalud.org)
We hypothesize that the border zone is most vulnerable to alternans, that β-adrenergic receptor stimulation can suppresses this, and investigate the consequences in terms of arrhythmogenic mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
β-Adrenergic receptor stimulation with norepinephrine (1 μmol/L) attenuated alternans by 60 [52-65]% [interquartile range] and this was reversed with metoprolol (10 μmol/L, p = 0.008). (frontiersin.org)
Simulations also demonstrated that β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in this specific region reduced the formation of conduction block and the probability of premature ventricular activation propagation. (frontiersin.org)
While high levels of overall cardiac sympathetic drive are a negative prognostic indicator of mortality following MI and during heart failure, β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the infarct border zone reduced spatially heterogeneous alternans, and prevented conduction block and propagation of extrasystoles. (frontiersin.org)
If, however, chronotropic and inotropic effects of adrenergic stimulation are sup- pressed pharmacologically by beta-adrenoceptor blockade, a reduction in flow is observed. (booktopia.com.au)
Thus, the primary effect of sympathetic stimulation on the coronary arteries is the alpha-adrenergic mediated vasoconstriction. (booktopia.com.au)
It is therefore likely that this negative modulatory action of estrogen against β-adrenergic stimulation on Ca 2+ influx may lead to reductions in the heart rate and contraction. (aspetjournals.org)
Modulation of the actions of β-adrenergic stimulation may result from inhibitions of cAMP production. (aspetjournals.org)
The most important finding of this study was that 17β-estradiol at physiological concentrations, which itself had no effect, modulates negatively the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation on the systolic pressure and heart rate of the isolated heart. (aspetjournals.org)
Our results indicate that the low-frequency stimulation induced synaptic plasticity is region specific and that the activity-dependent β-adrenergic modulation may be involved in the up-regulation of synaptic strength in these two synaptic pathways. (pnas.org)
Although beta-adrenergic receptor blockage is useful in the treatment of angina and hypertension, there are situations in which sympathetic stimulation is vital. (prescriptiondrugs.com)
The occurrence of transient myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease during stress is a common problem and has been thought to reflect adrenergic stimulation, with resultant increases in cardiac oxygen consumption. (onlinejacc.org)
Abstract α-Adrenergic stimulation is known to play a role in cardiac arrhythmogenesis and to modulate a variety of cardiac K + currents. (ahajournals.org)
The effects of α-adrenergic stimulation on Cl − currents are largely unknown. (ahajournals.org)
1 2 A variety of arrhythmia mechanisms may be enhanced by α-adrenergic stimulation, 3 and α-adrenoceptor blockade can reduce the severity of arrhythmias induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. (ahajournals.org)

We investigated the arrangement of autonomic nerve fibers around PV-left atrium (LA) junctional musculature. (doaj.org)
We found that the formation of autonomic nerve fibers in the prostate gland regulates prostate cancer development and dissemination in mouse models. (nih.gov)

Fibers that secrete norepinephrine are called adrenergic fibers. (dinet.org)
Nerve fibers secreting norepinephrine are called? (cueflash.com)

A subset of neuropathic POTS patients may harbor mild small fiber neuropathy with abnormalities of unmyelinated nerve fibers in the skin associated with reduced myocardial postganglionic sympathetic innervation. (wiley.com)
Adrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the pharyngeal tonsil was studied in 50 children aged 4 to 14 years with chronic adenoiditis. (bvsalud.org)
The adrenergic innervation of human laryngeal muscles--m. thyroarytenoideus internus (m. vocalis), m. cricoarytenoideus posterior (m. posticus)--was studied in comparison with the innervation of m. pectoralis major (material obtained at 18 early autopsies) and m. gastrocnemius of the frog Rana temporaria (17 animals). (bvsalud.org)

We investigated the adrenergic sensitivity of afferent fibers in the L4 dorsal roots of rats with a unilateral ligation of the L5-L6 spinal nerves . (bvsalud.org)
Adrenergic nerves can trigger the body's "fight-or-flight" response by releasing stimulating chemical messengers. (nih.gov)
The erectile tissue within the corpora contains arteries, nerves, muscle fibers, and venous sinuses lined with flat endothelial cells, and it fills the space of the corpora cavernosa. (medscape.com)
Three sets of peripheral nerves are involved in penile erection and subsequent detumescence: parasympathetic nerves from the second to fourth sacral (S2-S4) segments, sympathetic nerves from the tenth thoracic to the second lumbar (T10-L2) thoracolumbar outflow, and somatic fibers via the pudendal nerves (Figure 14). (amazonaws.com)
Results: TH-positive adrenergic fibers, consisting of sympathetic nerves, were most predominant in the anterior and septal junctions. (doaj.org)
In the septal junction, the number of THnegative non-adrenergic fibers (predominantly parasympathetic nerves) was greater, concomitant diffuse ganglionic nodule distribution in the interatrial fat pad. (doaj.org)
Groups of myelinated fibers fan out in a horizontal plane to form a branching network from which fibers ascend, usually accompanying blood vessels, to form a mesh of interlacing nerves in the superficial dermis. (telemedicine.org)
releasing epinephrine or a similar substance [the adrenergic nerves of the sympathetic nervous system] 2. (academic.ru)

According to the myogenic theory, the primary damage to the cardiac muscle fibers is triggered by humoral or cell-mediated immune factors (8). (fac.org.ar)
In 1924, Monckeberg (12) observed pronounced lesions in the autonomic ganglia and cardiac nerve fibers of experimentally infected dogs. (fac.org.ar)
The idea of a neurotoxin was inspired by the work of Vianna (10) and Monckeberg (12), who had described the destruction in canine models of nonparasitized cells subsequent to the rupture of nearby nests, as well as promounced lesions in the autonomic ganglia and cardiac nervous fibers. (fac.org.ar)
Our objective in this study was to evaluate the correlation between C-fiber involvement as shown by skin biopsy and adrenergic cardiac metaiodobenzylguanadine (MIBG) uptake in POTS patients. (wiley.com)
Background: We previously found a severe impairment of cardiac uptake of I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), an analogue of norepinephrine, on myocardial scintigraphy in a small group of patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX), suggesting a dysfunction of cardiac adrenergic nerve fibres. (elsevier.com)
Conclusion: Our data show a relevant impairment of cardiac MIBG uptake in patients with CSX, suggesting that functional abnormalities in cardiac adrenergic nerve function may play a significant role in the mechanisms responsible for the syndrome. (elsevier.com)
Cardiac adrenergic nerve function in patients with cardiac syndrome X . Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine , 11 (3), 151-156. (elsevier.com)
A nerve fiber of the autonomic nervous system that terminates in smooth or cardiac muscle or in a gland. (unboundmedicine.com)
The intracardiac pathways carrying the cardiovascular reflex responses mediated by cardiac sympathetic and vagal afferent fibers were examined in this study. (elsevier.com)
These results suggest a potentially novel mechanism of α-adrenergic control of cardiac electrical activity, the inhibition of volume-sensitive Cl − currents, and indicate that PKC, well known to elicit phosphorylation-dependent Cl − currents in cat and guinea pig ventricular myocytes, is also capable of potently inhibiting other forms of cardiac Cl − current. (ahajournals.org)

A WB 4101-sensitive alpha-1 adrenergic receptor subtype modulates repolarization in canine Purkinje fibers. (aspetjournals.org)
We used standard microelectrode techniques to study alpha-1 adrenergic modulation of repolarization in canine Purkinje fibers. (aspetjournals.org)

Producing or activated by epinephrine or an epinephrinelike substance: an adrenergic nerve fiber. (anagrammer.com)
Additional analyses within the same cohort have shown that, in patients with PD, the amount of [alpha]-synuclein positive nerve fibers normalized to total intraepidermal nerve fiber density ([alpha]-synuclein ratio) is enhanced in both sympathetic cholinergic (sweat gland innervating) and sympathetic adrenergic ( pilomotor muscle innervating) nerve fibers. (thefreedictionary.com)
Another study used skin biopsies with quantification of [alpha]-synuclein deposition in pilomotor and sudomotor nerve fibers normalized to the overall intraepidermal nerve fiber density. (thefreedictionary.com)
Mean intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density was in the lower normal age-adjusted range, 7.2 ± 2.9/mm (normal ≥7/mm), and was slightly below the normal range in 45% of POTS patients. (wiley.com)
α-Synuclein deposition was normalized to nerve fiber density (the α-synuclein ratio). (neurology.org)
Nerve fiber , or simply fiber is more often used in anatomical descriptions, and fiber tract is more commonly used than axon tract . (unboundmedicine.com)
A nerve fiber that releases norepinephrine at its synapse when an impulse is transmitted. (unboundmedicine.com)
A myelinated nerve fiber that transmits autonomic impulses. (unboundmedicine.com)
An unmyelinated nerve fiber that slowly relays sensations of pain from the periphery or viscera to the central nervous system. (unboundmedicine.com)
A nerve fiber with a myelin sheath. (unboundmedicine.com)
A nerve fiber without a myelin sheath. (unboundmedicine.com)
A nerve fiber of the autonomic nervous system that terminates and synapses in one of the autonomic ganglia. (unboundmedicine.com)
nerve fiber is a sample topic from the Taber's Medical Dictionary . (unboundmedicine.com)
Nursing Central , nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/753758/all/nerve_fiber. (unboundmedicine.com)

The skin is innervated with around one million afferent nerve fibers. (telemedicine.org)
These data suggest that sympathetic afferent fibers travel in the superficial subepicardium in an apex-to-base direction. (elsevier.com)
Vagal afferent fibers travel deeper in the myocardium until they approach the atrioventricular groove, where they ascend to the superficial subepicardium. (elsevier.com)
There is sound experimental evidence that cardiovascular sympathetic afferent fibers mediate cardiovascular reflexes largely excitatory in nature with positive-feedback characteristics. (elsevier.com)

Observational Study in Patients Suffering From Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treated With Alpha - adrenergic Blockade Observational Study in Patients Suffering From Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treated With Alpha - adrenergic Blockade - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov Hide glossary Glossary Study record managers: refer to the if submitting registration or results information. (tripdatabase.com)
However, in patients with heart failure, beta-adrenergic blockade may increase oxygen requirements by increasing left ventricular fiber length and end-diastolic pressure. (nih.gov)

Adrenergic and AChE neurotransmitters were closely associated with the uterine arteries and myometrial smooth muscles, and they reduced markedly by ageing. (eurekaselect.com)

The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of CL 316,243 (CL) (a highly selective ß3-adrenergic receptor agonist) on cellular changes occurring in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RWAT) of lean and obese rats. (dovepress.com)

In both mice and humans, adrenergic nerve fibers were denser in p53-deficient oral tumor tissue. (nih.gov)
A retrospective blinded analysis of prostate adenocarcinoma specimens from 43 patients revealed that the densities of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers in tumor and surrounding normal tissue, respectively, were associated with poor clinical outcomes. (nih.gov)

We conclude that α-synuclein deposition is increased in cutaneous sympathetic adrenergic and sympathetic cholinergic fibers but not sensory fibers of patients with PD. (neurology.org)

The aim of the present study was luminescent-histochemical study of efferent adrenergic nervous apparatus of cross-striated somatic muscles. (bvsalud.org)
The efferent effects of reflexes caused an increase in sympathetic and a decrease in vagal fiber activity (11) . (onlinejacc.org)

In this study, we examined the effect of β 2-agonist salbutamol at oral doses during a period of resistance training on sprint performance, quadriceps contractile function, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, fiber type composition, maximal activity of enzymes of importance for anaerobic energy turnover, and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ handling in young men. (regionh.dk)
17. Compare the contractions of smooth and skeletal muscle fibers with regard to speed of contraction and relaxation, ability to contract when greatly stretched, energy required for a sustained contraction, and resistance to fatigue. (cuny.edu)
6 It has been reported that a chronic administration of the β3-adrenergic agonists can induce the ectopic expression of UCP in white fat and skeletal muscle. (dovepress.com)
postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the sweat glands, piloerectile muscles of the body hairs, and the skeletal muscle arterioles do not use adrenaline/noradrenaline. (wikipedia.org)

Patients with MSA had laboratory evidence of severe adrenergic sudomotor and cardiovagal failure. (elsevier.com)
α-Synuclein deposition and the density of intraepidermal, sudomotor, and pilomotor nerve fibers were measured. (neurology.org)
0.05 vs controls, all sites) and morphologic changes to sudomotor nerve fibers. (neurology.org)

The cholinergic fibers generally cause contraction, whereas the adrenergic fibers mainly cause inhibition. (medscape.com)
Other [alpha]-adrenergic responses include inhibition of gastrointestinal activity, mydriasis, and contraction of pilomotor muscles. (thefreedictionary.com)
They also mediate the transmission of inhibition by the endings of the vagus nerve fibers in the heart. (thefreedictionary.com)

Sympathetic excitation of nociceptive fibers was suppressed by alpha 1-antagonist prazosin , while it was unaffected by alpha 2-antagonist yohimbine . (bvsalud.org)
There is a relatively long history of the use of the α -adrenergic antagonist, phenoxybenzamine, for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). (hindawi.com)
The use of an α -adrenergic antagonist such as phenoxybenzamine followed from this perspective. (hindawi.com)
Importance of Alpha - adrenergic Receptor Subtypes in Regulating of Airways Tonus at Patients with Bronchial Asthma In this work, effect of Tamsulosin hydrochloride as antagonist of alpha1A and alpha1B- adrenergic receptor and effect of Salbutamol as agonist of beta2- adrenergic receptor in patients with bronchial asthma and increased bronchial reactibility was studied.Parameters of the lung function are determined by Body plethysmography. (tripdatabase.com)
Interestingly, β2- adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) antagonist ICI 118551 attenuated ischemia-induced BBB damage by regulating HIF-1α expression. (tripdatabase.com)

In view of evidence that small nociceptive fibers may be damaged in CRPS I, the validity of an important distinction between type I and type II syndromes, in terms of etiology, symptomatology, and therapeutic approaches, is controversial [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

Our objectives were to subtype this alpha-1 receptor response pharmacologically, to determine whether alpha-1 adrenergic modulation of repolarization is dependent on the function of a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and to identify developmental changes in this alpha-1 response. (aspetjournals.org)
The up-regulation of synaptic strength is mediated by the activity-dependent modulation by β-adrenergic transmission. (pnas.org)
Because the CA3-CA1 and the CA1-SB synaptic pathways are in series and the β-adrenergic modulation is region-specific, this modulation seems to be involved in the selective control of signal transmission between the different regions of hippocampus. (pnas.org)
The present experiments were designed to assess the potential α-adrenergic modulation of I Cl.swell in rabbit atrial myocytes. (ahajournals.org)

The present study sought to determine whether chemical destruction of peripheral catecholaminergic fibers with 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) attenuates vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) secretion stimulated by hemorrhage, hypotension, and hyperosmolality. (elsevier.com)

The paired corpora cavernosa contain erectile tissue and are each surrounded by the tunica albuginea, a dense fibrous sheath of connective tissue with relatively few elastic fibers. (medscape.com)

Nerve fibers from the ganglia connect them to the organs they regulate. (medicaldevicedepot.com)

In each experiment, the pressor response to tyramine (250 μg/kg iv) was significantly attenuated in 6OHDA-treated rats, thereby confirming that 6OHDA treatment destroyed sympathetic catecholaminergic fibers. (elsevier.com)
Collectively, these findings suggest that catecholaminergic fibers located outside the blood-brain barrier contribute to VP and OT secretion during hemorrhage and arterial hypotension. (elsevier.com)

Metoprolol tartrate is a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent. (nih.gov)

The 2 suspensory ligaments, composed of primarily elastic fibers, support the penis at its base. (medscape.com)
The reticular fibers are composed of collagenous and elastic fibers, microfibrils, reticular cell basal laminae, and unmyelinated adrenergic nerve fibers (Saito et al. (humpath.com)

a-adrenergic tone Adrenergic nerve fibers accompany coronary vessels of any size. (booktopia.com.au)
The myocardium and coronary vessels are abundantly supplied with adrenergic and cholinergic fibers purchase crestor with paypal cholesterol levels chart in south africa. (bdforum.org)

Sympathetic outflow has what type of fibers? (cram.com)

6. Regulation of large coronary arteries by beta adrenergic mechanisms in conscious dogs. (booktopia.com.au)
Central beta-adrenergic mechanisms may modulate ischemic ventricular fibrillation in pigs. (ahajournals.org)

The activation of beige adipocyte thermogenesis by cold temperatures and β3-adrenergic receptor agonists induce beige adipocyte formation, function and perdurance. (elifesciences.org)
We conclude that α-adrenergic agonists inhibit volume-sensitive Cl − currents in rabbit atrial cells by interacting with an α 1A -adrenoceptor mechanism that is coupled to PKC via a PTX-sensitive G protein. (ahajournals.org)

8. Compare the lengths of preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. (cuny.edu)

One cell is housed in the spinal cord or brain stem and is connected by nerve fibers to the other cell, which can be found housed in a cluster of nerve cells referred to as an autonomic ganglion. (medicaldevicedepot.com)
Lumbar injections with interruption of sympathetic fibers originating in spinal segments T10 and below typically produce minimal hemodynamic alterations. (asahq.org)

Nerve fibers that transmit nervous impulses to other nerve cells (or smooth muscle or gland cells) by the medium of the adrenalinelike transmitter substance norepinephrine (noradrenaline). (thefreedictionary.com)

pha resembling epinephrine in physiological effect: an adrenergic drug[/ex] 2) biochem. (academic.ru)
adrenergic - adjective a) Having the quality of adrenaline or epinephrine. (academic.ru)

Relating to nerve cells or fibers of the autonomic nervous system that employ norepinephrine as their neurotransmitter. (academic.ru)
Adrenergic and cholinergic effects of the autonomous nervous system are the most implicated in the uterine functionality. (eurekaselect.com)
The sympathetic (adrenergic) and parasympathetic (cholinergic) nervous systems play notable roles in PCa development and invasion, respectively (schematic S1). (sciencemag.org)

However, the current consensus on the etiology of CRPS favors an interpretation of the symptomatology as an evidence of decreased sympathetic activity to the injured limb and a resulting upregulation of adrenergic sensitivity. (hindawi.com)
Î²2- Adrenergic Receptor-Mediated HIF-1Î± Upregulation Mediates Blood Brain Barrier Damage in Acute Cerebral Ischemia Disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) within the thrombolytic time window is an antecedent event to intracerebral hemorrhage in ischemic stroke. (tripdatabase.com)

Anatomy18

Organisms1

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs6

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes2

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

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Information Science2

Activated macrophages and microglia induce dopaminergic sprouting in the injured striatum and express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. (1/373)

Facilitatory beta2-adrenoceptors on cholinergic and adrenergic nerve endings of the guinea pig trachea. (2/373)

Impact of development and chronic hypoxia on NE release from adrenergic nerves in sheep arteries. (3/373)

Estradiol modulates vascular response to melatonin in rat caudal artery. (4/373)

Adrenergic innervation in reactive human lymph nodes. (5/373)

Effects of prolonged cold storage on double peaked vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial nerve stimulation in isolated canine splenic arteries. (6/373)

Role of protons in activation of cardiac sympathetic C-fibre afferents during ischaemia in cats. (7/373)

5-Hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor activation enhances norepinephrine release from nerves in the rabbit saphenous vein. (8/373)

Adrenergic Fibers

Nerve Fibers

Superior Cervical Ganglion

Helium

Ganglia, Sympathetic

Ganglia, Autonomic

Urethane

Neurons

Cell Nucleolus

Complex Regional Pain Syndromes

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

Periodicals as Topic

Phenoxybenzamine

Anesthesiology

Causalgia

Access to Information

Mesenteric Artery, Inferior

Mesenteric Artery, Superior

Basal Ganglia

Autonomic Nervous System

Mesenteric Arteries

Microglia

Synaptic Transmission

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials

Glutamic Acid

Brain

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Microspheres

Latex

Gastric Fundus

Esophagus

Esophageal Sphincter, Upper

Stomach

Rhodamines

Activated macrophages and microglia induce dopaminergic sprouting in the injured striatum and express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. (1/373)

Facilitatory beta2-adrenoceptors on cholinergic and adrenergic nerve endings of the guinea pig trachea. (2/373)

Impact of development and chronic hypoxia on NE release from adrenergic nerves in sheep arteries. (3/373)

Estradiol modulates vascular response to melatonin in rat caudal artery. (4/373)

Adrenergic innervation in reactive human lymph nodes. (5/373)

Effects of prolonged cold storage on double peaked vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial nerve stimulation in isolated canine splenic arteries. (6/373)

Role of protons in activation of cardiac sympathetic C-fibre afferents during ischaemia in cats. (7/373)

5-Hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor activation enhances norepinephrine release from nerves in the rabbit saphenous vein. (8/373)

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Differential control of sympathetic fibres supplying hindlimb skin and muscle by subretrofacial neurones in the cat.

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Human Anatomy - Lab 21 Step 15