AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHealth CareGeographicals
Administration, OralDrug Administration ScheduleInjections, IntravenousUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationDrug Administration RoutesDose-Response Relationship, DrugRats, Sprague-DawleyTime FactorsAdministration, IntranasalRats, WistarInjections, IntraperitonealDisease Models, AnimalInjections, SubcutaneousAdministration, RectalLiverMice, Inbred C57BLBiological AvailabilityInjections, IntramuscularAdministration, TopicalInfusions, IntravenousHalf-LifeAdministration, IntravenousDrug InteractionsArea Under CurveInjections, IntraventricularMice, Inbred BALB CRats, Inbred StrainsAdministration, CutaneousTissue DistributionDogsDouble-Blind MethodCross-Over StudiesTreatment OutcomeBlood PressureAdministration, SublingualBrainAdministration, InhalationKidneyInfusions, ParenteralBody WeightRandom AllocationBehavior, AnimalDrug ToleranceMorphineRecombinant ProteinsPlant ExtractsInjectionsAnalysis of VarianceInjections, SpinalOrgan SizeMetabolic Clearance RateChromatography, High Pressure LiquidRNA, MessengerRabbitsMice, Inbred ICRLungRats, Inbred F344Analgesics, OpioidSelf AdministrationEthanolHeart RatePregnancyEstradiolMotor ActivityAntineoplastic AgentsDrug CombinationsMice, KnockoutHemodynamicsMice, Inbred StrainsDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalAnalgesicsDrug Therapy, CombinationEnzyme InhibitorsInjections, Intra-ArterialAdministration, BuccalSpleenPiperidinesProdrugsAntibodies, MonoclonalIntestinal AbsorptionBlood GlucoseDrug ApprovalAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDrug SynergismCocaineNaloxoneEatingUnited StatesDopamineGenetic TherapyNitric OxideCytokinesHydrocortisoneAbsorptionCells, CulturedLipopolysaccharidesImmunohistochemistryDelayed-Action PreparationsInsulinPain Measurement
Administration, Oral
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.
Drug Administration Schedule
Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.
Injections, Intravenous
Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.
United States Food and Drug Administration
An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to maintaining standards of quality of foods, drugs, therapeutic devices, etc.
Drug Administration Routes
The various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal from where the chemical is absorbed into the blood and delivered to the target tissue.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Administration, Intranasal
Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.
Rats, Wistar
A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Forceful administration into the peritoneal cavity of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the abdominal wall.
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Injections, Subcutaneous
Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.
Administration, Rectal
The insertion of drugs into the rectum, usually for confused or incompetent patients, like children, infants, and the very old or comatose.
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Biological Availability
The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.
Injections, Intramuscular
Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.
Administration, Topical
The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example.
Infusions, Intravenous
The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.
Half-Life
The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.
Administration, Intravenous
Delivery of substances through VENIPUNCTURE into the VEINS.
Drug Interactions
The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.
Area Under Curve
A statistical means of summarizing information from a series of measurements on one individual. It is frequently used in clinical pharmacology where the AUC from serum levels can be interpreted as the total uptake of whatever has been administered. As a plot of the concentration of a drug against time, after a single dose of medicine, producing a standard shape curve, it is a means of comparing the bioavailability of the same drug made by different companies. (From Winslade, Dictionary of Clinical Research, 1992)
Injections, Intraventricular
Injections into the cerebral ventricles.
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Rats, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.
Administration, Cutaneous
The application of suitable drug dosage forms to the skin for either local or systemic effects.
Tissue Distribution
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Dogs
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
Double-Blind Method
A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.
Cross-Over Studies
Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Treatment Outcome
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Blood Pressure
PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.
Administration, Sublingual
Administration of a soluble dosage form by placement under the tongue.
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Administration, Inhalation
The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.
Kidney
Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.
Infusions, Parenteral
The administration of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through some other route than the alimentary canal, usually over minutes or hours, either by gravity flow or often by infusion pumping.
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
Random Allocation
A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.
Behavior, Animal
The observable response an animal makes to any situation.
Drug Tolerance
Progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, resulting from its continued administration. It should be differentiated from DRUG RESISTANCE wherein an organism, disease, or tissue fails to respond to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should also be differentiated from MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE and NO-OBSERVED-ADVERSE-EFFECT LEVEL.
Morphine
The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Plant Extracts
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.
Injections
Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.
Analysis of Variance
A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.
Injections, Spinal
Introduction of therapeutic agents into the spinal region using a needle and syringe.
Organ Size
The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Rabbits
The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.
Mice, Inbred ICR
Lung
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
Rats, Inbred F344
Analgesics, Opioid
Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.
Self Administration
Administration of a drug or chemical by the individual under the direction of a physician. It includes administration clinically or experimentally, by human or animal.
Ethanol
A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.
Heart Rate
The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
Estradiol
The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.
Motor Activity
The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.
Antineoplastic Agents
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
Drug Combinations
Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.
Mice, Knockout
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
Hemodynamics
The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Mice, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.
Analgesics
Compounds capable of relieving pain without the loss of CONSCIOUSNESS.
Drug Therapy, Combination
Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.
Enzyme Inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
Injections, Intra-Arterial
Delivery of drugs into an artery.
Administration, Buccal
Administration of a soluble dosage form between the cheek and gingiva. It may involve direct application of a drug onto the buccal mucosa, as by painting or spraying.
Spleen
An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.
Piperidines
A family of hexahydropyridines.
Prodrugs
A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug.
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
Intestinal Absorption
Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.
Blood Glucose
Glucose in blood.
Drug Approval
Process that is gone through in order for a drug to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required pre-clinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance of the drug.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Drug Synergism
The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.
Cocaine
An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.
Naloxone
A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.
Eating
The consumption of edible substances.
United States
Dopamine
One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.
Genetic Therapy
Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.
Nitric Oxide
A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Hydrocortisone
The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions.
Absorption
The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Immunohistochemistry
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
Delayed-Action Preparations
Dosage forms of a drug that act over a period of time by controlled-release processes or technology.
Insulin
A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).
Pain Measurement
Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.
Pain
An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Testosterone
A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.
Microdialysis
A technique for measuring extracellular concentrations of substances in tissues, usually in vivo, by means of a small probe equipped with a semipermeable membrane. Substances may also be introduced into the extracellular space through the membrane.
Dexamethasone
An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.
Progesterone
The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.
Genetic Vectors
DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.
Growth Hormone
A polypeptide that is secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, stimulates mitosis, cell differentiation and cell growth. Species-specific growth hormones have been synthesized.
Administration, Intravaginal
The insertion of drugs into the vagina to treat local infections, neoplasms, or to induce labor. The dosage forms may include medicated pessaries, irrigation fluids, and suppositories.
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.
Animals, Newborn
Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.
Antioxidants
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.
Body Temperature
The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.
Models, Animal
Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.
Drug Delivery Systems
Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.
Narcotic Antagonists
Agents inhibiting the effect of narcotics on the central nervous system.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Bile
An emulsifying agent produced in the LIVER and secreted into the DUODENUM. Its composition includes BILE ACIDS AND SALTS; CHOLESTEROL; and ELECTROLYTES. It aids DIGESTION of fats in the duodenum.
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
A cabinet department in the Executive Branch of the United States Government concerned with overall planning, promoting, and administering programs pertaining to VETERANS. It was established March 15, 1989 as a Cabinet-level position.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.
Phytotherapy
Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.
Vasodilator Agents
Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.
Pyridines
Compounds with a six membered aromatic ring containing NITROGEN. The saturated version is PIPERIDINES.
Luteinizing Hormone
A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Luteinizing hormone regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the TESTIS and the OVARY. The preovulatory LUTEINIZING HORMONE surge in females induces OVULATION, and subsequent LUTEINIZATION of the follicle. LUTEINIZING HORMONE consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.
Piperazines
Neoplasms, Experimental
Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms.
Prospective Studies
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
Mice, Nude
Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.
Device Approval
Process that is gone through in order for a device to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required preclinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance. It is not restricted to FDA.
Mice, Transgenic
Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.
Neoplasm Transplantation
Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.
Apoptosis
One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.
Infusion Pumps
Fluid propulsion systems driven mechanically, electrically, or osmotically that are used to inject (or infuse) over time agents into a patient or experimental animal; used routinely in hospitals to maintain a patent intravenous line, to administer antineoplastic agents and other drugs in thromboembolism, heart disease, diabetes mellitus (INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS is also available), and other disorders.
Pyrazoles
Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.
Glucocorticoids
A group of CORTICOSTEROIDS that affect carbohydrate metabolism (GLUCONEOGENESIS, liver glycogen deposition, elevation of BLOOD SUGAR), inhibit ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secretion, and possess pronounced anti-inflammatory activity. They also play a role in fat and protein metabolism, maintenance of arterial blood pressure, alteration of the connective tissue response to injury, reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes, and functioning of the central nervous system.
Regional Blood Flow
The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.
Methamphetamine
A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.
Serotonin
A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.
Norepinephrine
Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.
Diazepam
A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.
Corticosterone
An adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1437)
Swine
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
Anesthesia
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the ADRENAL CORTEX and its production of CORTICOSTEROIDS. ACTH is a 39-amino acid polypeptide of which the N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Upon further tissue-specific processing, ACTH can yield ALPHA-MSH and corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP).
Drug Carriers
Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.
Central Nervous System Stimulants
A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to increase behavioral alertness, agitation, or excitation. They work by a variety of mechanisms, but usually not by direct excitation of neurons. The many drugs that have such actions as side effects to their main therapeutic use are not included here.
Ovariectomy
The surgical removal of one or both ovaries.
Hyperalgesia
An increased sensation of pain or discomfort produced by mimimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft tissue containing NOCICEPTORS or injury to a peripheral nerve.
Neuroprotective Agents
Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.
Mice, Inbred C3H
Leukocyte Count
The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Drugs used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.
Gene Expression
The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
A subclass of analgesic agents that typically do not bind to OPIOID RECEPTORS and are not addictive. Many non-narcotic analgesics are offered as NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS.
Intestines
The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.
Haloperidol
A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279)
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from the environment.
Imidazoles
Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).
Anti-Anxiety Agents
Agents that alleviate ANXIETY, tension, and ANXIETY DISORDERS, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS are commonly used in the symptomatic treatment of anxiety but are not included here.
Indomethacin
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase necessary for the formation of prostaglandins and other autacoids. It also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Brain Chemistry
Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.
Placebos
Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having no specific pharmacological activity against a targeted condition, the concept has been extended to include treatments or procedures, especially those administered to control groups in clinical trials in order to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol.
Suppositories
Medicated dosage forms that are designed to be inserted into the rectal, vaginal, or urethral orifice of the body for absorption. Generally, the active ingredients are packaged in dosage forms containing fatty bases such as cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil, or glycerogelatin that are solid at room temperature but melt or dissolve at body temperature.
Hypothalamus
Ventral part of the DIENCEPHALON extending from the region of the OPTIC CHIASM to the caudal border of the MAMMILLARY BODIES and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the THIRD VENTRICLE.
Gene Expression Regulation
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.
Adenoviridae
A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.
Iodine Radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Neurons
The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Nitric Oxide Synthase
An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.
Infusion Pumps, Implantable
Implanted fluid propulsion systems with self-contained power source for providing long-term controlled-rate delivery of drugs such as chemotherapeutic agents or analgesics. Delivery rate may be externally controlled or osmotically or peristatically controlled with the aid of transcutaneous monitoring.
Chorionic Gonadotropin
A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the alpha subunits of the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, BETA SUBUNIT, HUMAN).
Feces
Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
Blotting, Western
Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.
Narcotics
Agents that induce NARCOSIS. Narcotics include agents that cause somnolence or induced sleep (STUPOR); natural or synthetic derivatives of OPIUM or MORPHINE or any substance that has such effects. They are potent inducers of ANALGESIA and OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS.
Oxidative Stress
A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).
Clinical Trials as Topic
Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.
Erythropoietin
Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.
Acute Disease
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.
Hypoglycemic Agents
Substances which lower blood glucose levels.
Rats, Inbred Lew
Endotoxins
Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.
Sheep
Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.
Immunoglobulin G
The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.
Myocardium
The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.
Nicotine
Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.
Sulfonamides
A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.
Amphetamine
A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
Injections, Intradermal
The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.
Corpus Striatum
Striped GRAY MATTER and WHITE MATTER consisting of the NEOSTRIATUM and paleostriatum (GLOBUS PALLIDUS). It is located in front of and lateral to the THALAMUS in each cerebral hemisphere. The gray substance is made up of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS and the lentiform nucleus (the latter consisting of the GLOBUS PALLIDUS and PUTAMEN). The WHITE MATTER is the INTERNAL CAPSULE.
Intestinal Mucosa
Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.
Indoles
Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.

The bioavailability, dispostion kinetics and dosage of sulphadimethoxine in dogs. (1/15664)

The disposition kinetics of sulphadimethoxine were studied in six normal beagle dogs after intravenous injection of a single dose (55 mg/kg). The median (range) distribution and elimination half times of the drug were 2.36 (2.06-3.35) hours and 13.10 (9.71-16.50) hours, respectively. Total body clearance of the drug had a median value of 21.7 ml/kg/h and a mean value of 21.4 ml/kg/h. While the overall tissue to plasma level ratio (k12/k21) of the drug was 0.55 after distribution equilibrium had been attained, analogue computer simulated curves showed that at 24 hours the fractions (percentage) of the dose in the central and tissue compartments were 12 and 11%, respectively. The drug was shown, by equilibrium dialysis method, to be highly bound to plasma proteins (greater than 75%) within the usual therapeutic range (50 to 150 mug/ml) of plasma levels. The systemic availability of sulphadimethoxine from the oral suspension was 32.8% (22.5-80.0). Since the absorption half time, 1.87 (0.86-3.22) hours, was considerably shorter than the half-life, 13.10 (9.71-16.50) hours, of the drug, the rate of absorption would have little influence on the dosage regimen. Based on the experimental data obtained, a satisfactory dosage regimen might consist of a priming dose of 55 mg/kg by the intravenous route and maintenance doses of either 27.5 mg/kg of sulphadimethoxine injection given intravenously or 55 mg/kg of the oral suspension administered at 24 hour intervals. The adequacy and duration of therapy will depend upon the clinical response obtained.  (+info)

Relative efficacy of 32P and 89Sr in palliation in skeletal metastases. (2/15664)

32p and 89Sr have been shown to produce significant pain relief in patients with skeletal metastases from advanced cancer. Clinically significant pancytopenia has not been reported in doses up to 12 mCi (444 MBq) of either radionuclide. To date, no reports comparing the relative efficacy and toxicity of the two radionuclides in comparable patient populations have been available. Although a cure has not been reported, both treatments have achieved substantial pain relief. However, several studies have used semiquantitative measures such as "slight," "fair," "partial" and "dramatic" responses, which lend themselves to subjective bias. This report examines the responses to treatment with 32P or 89Sr by attempting a quantification of pain relief and quality of life using the patients as their own controls and compares toxicity in terms of hematological parameters. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with skeletal metastases were treated for pain relief with either 32P (16 patients) or 89Sr (15 patients). Inclusion criteria were pain from bone scan-positive sites above a subjective score of 5 of 10 despite analgesic therapy with narcotic or non-narcotic medication, limitation of movement related to the performance of routine daily activity and a predicted life expectancy of at least 4 mo. The patients had not had chemotherapy or radiotherapy during the previous 6 wk and had normal serum creatinine, white cell and platelet counts. 32P was given orally as a 12 mCi dose, and 89Sr was given intravenously as a 4 mCi (148 MBq) dose. The patients were monitored for 4 mo. RESULTS: Complete absence of pain was seen in 7 of 16 patients who were given 32P and in 7 of 15 patients who were given 89Sr. Pain scores fell by at least 50% of the pretreatment score in 14 of 16 patients who were given 32P and 14 of 15 patients who were given 89Sr. Mean duration of pain relief was 9.6 wk with 32P and 10 wk with 89Sr. Analgesic scores fell along with the drop in pain scores. A fall in total white cell, absolute granulocyte and platelet counts occurred in all patients. Subnormal values of white cells and platelets were seen in 5 and 7 patients, respectively, with 32P, and in 0 and 4 patients, respectively, after 89Sr therapy. The decrease in platelet count (but not absolute granulocyte count) was statistically significant when 32P patients were compared with 89Sr patients. However, in no instance did the fall in blood counts require treatment. Absolute granulocyte counts did not fall below 1000 in any patient. There was no significant difference between the two treatments in terms of either efficacy or toxicity. CONCLUSION: No justification has been found in this study for the recommendation of 89Sr over the considerably less expensive oral 32P for the palliation of skeletal pain from metastases of advanced cancer.  (+info)

Segmental colonic transit after oral 67Ga-citrate in healthy subjects and those with chronic idiopathic constipation. (3/15664)

Measurement of segmental colonic transit is important in the assessment of patients with severe constipation. 111In-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) has been established as the tracer of choice for these studies, but it is expensive and not readily available. 67Ga-citrate is an inexpensive tracer and when given orally is not absorbed from the bowel. It was compared with 111In-DTPA in colonic transit studies in nonconstipated control subjects and then in patients with idiopathic constipation. METHODS: Studies were performed after oral administration of 3 MBq (81 microCi) 67Ga-citrate or 4 MBq (108 microCi) 111In-DTPA in solution. Serial abdominal images were performed up to 96 h postinjection, and computer data were generated from geometric mean images of segmental retention of tracer, mean activity profiles and a colonic tracer half-clearance time. RESULTS: There were no differences in segmental retention of either tracer or in mean activity profiles between control subjects and constipated patients. Results in constipated subjects were significantly different from those in controls. The mean half-clearance times of tracer for control subjects were 28.8 h for 67Ga-citrate and 29.9 h for 111In-DTPA in control subjects and 75.0 h for 67Ga-citrate and 70.8 h for 111In-DTPA in constipated patients. CONCLUSION: Oral 67Ga-citrate can be used as a safe alternative to 111In-DTPA for accurate measurement of segmental colonic transit.  (+info)

Marimastat in recurrent colorectal cancer: exploratory evaluation of biological activity by measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen. (4/15664)

Marimastat is a specific inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases that has been shown to be effective in cancer models. A pilot, escalating-dose study of oral marimastat was performed in patients with recurrent colorectal cancer, in whom evaluation of serological response was made by measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. The study assessed the safety and tolerability of 4 weeks administration of marimastat, and determined a dose range producing detectable serological effects. Patients were recruited with a serum CEA level greater than 5 ng ml(-1), and rising by more than 25% over a 4-week screening period. Patients were treated for 28 days and entered into a continuation protocol if a serological response or clinical benefit was observed. Pharmacokinetic and safety data determined that groups of patients were recruited sequentially at 25 mg and 50 mg twice daily, and, thereafter, 10 mg twice daily, 10 mg once daily, 5 mg once daily and 20 mg once daily. A biological effect (BE) was defined as a CEA value on day 28 no greater than on day 0; a partial biological effect (PBE) was defined as a rise in CEA over the 28-day treatment period of less than 25%. Of 70 patients recruited, 63 completed the 28-day treatment period, and 55 were eligible for cancer antigen analysis. Examination of the dose-effect relationships provides evidence for a causal relationship between marimastat and biological effects: the proportion of patients with BE or PBE was higher with twice daily dosing (16 out of 25, 64%) than with once daily dosing (11 out of 30, 37%) (P = 0.043, chi2 test). Furthermore, the median rates of rise of CEA fell markedly during treatment compared with the screening period for patients receiving twice daily marimastat (P<0.0001), but not for patients receiving marimastat once daily (P = 0.25). Musculoskeletal adverse events emerged as the principal drug-related toxicity of marimastat, occurring in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. It was concluded that marimastat was associated with dose-dependent biological effects in cancer patients. The occurrence of musculoskeletal side-effects define 25 mg twice daily as the upper limit of the dose range for continuous use in further studies. Therefore, a dose range of 20 mg once daily to 25 mg twice daily seems appropriate for further studies, which should aim to demonstrate the efficacy of the drug in terms of conventional clinical end points and describe the long-term tolerability of this novel agent.  (+info)

Suppression of atherosclerotic development in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits treated with an oral antiallergic drug, tranilast. (5/15664)

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory and immunological responses of vascular cells have been shown to play a significant role in the progression of atheromatous formation. Tranilast [N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranillic acid] inhibits release of cytokines and chemical mediators from various cells, including macrophages, leading to suppression of inflammatory and immunological responses. This study tested whether tranilast may suppress atheromatous formation in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. METHODS AND RESULTS: WHHL rabbits (2 months old) were given either 300 mg x kg-1 x d-1 of tranilast (Tranilast, n=12) or vehicle (Control, n=13) PO for 6 months. Tranilast treatment was found to suppress the aortic area covered with plaque. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that there was no difference in the percentage of the RAM11-positive macrophage area and the frequency of CD5-positive cells (T cells) in intimal plaques between Tranilast and Control. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression in macrophages and interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression in T cells, as markers of the immunological activation in these cells, was suppressed in atheromatous plaque by tranilast treatment. Flow cytometry analysis of isolated human and rabbit peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed that an increase in expression both of MHC class II antigen on monocytes by incubation with interferon-gamma and of IL-2 receptor on T cells by IL-2 was suppressed by the combined incubation with tranilast. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that tranilast suppresses atherosclerotic development partly through direct inhibition of immunological activation of monocytes/macrophages and T cells in the atheromatous plaque.  (+info)

Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of 14C-temozolomide following oral administration to patients with advanced cancer. (6/15664)

The purpose of this study is to characterize the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of carbon 14-labeled temozolomide (14C-TMZ) administered p.o. to adult patients with advanced solid malignancies. On day 1 of cycle 1, six patients received a single oral 200-mg dose of 14C-TMZ (70.2 microCi). Whole blood, plasma, urine, and feces were collected from days 1-8 and on day 14 of cycle 1. Total radioactivity was measured in all samples. TMZ, 5-(3-methyltriazen-1-yl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (MTIC), and 4-amino-5-imidazole-carboxamide (AIC) concentrations were determined in plasma, and urine and plasma samples were profiled for metabolite/degradation products. Maximum TMZ plasma concentrations were achieved between 0.33 to 2 h (mean, 1.2 h), and half-life, apparent volume of distribution, and oral clearance values averaged 1.9 h, 17 liters/m2, and 104 ml/min/m2, respectively. A first-order absorption, one-compartment linear model, which included first-order formation of MTIC from TMZ and elimination of MTIC via degradation to AIC, and a peripheral distribution compartment for AIC, adequately described the plasma TMZ, MTIC, and AIC concentrations. MTIC systemic clearance was estimated to be 5384 ml/min/m2, and the half-life was calculated to be 2.5 min. Metabolite profiles of plasma at 1 and 4 h after treatment showed that 14C-derived radioactivity was primarily associated with TMZ, and a smaller amount was attributed to AIC. Profiles of urine samples from 0-24 h revealed that 14C-TMZ-derived urinary radioactivity was primarily associated with unchanged drug (5.6%), AIC (12%), or 3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4-oxoimidazo[5,1-d]tetrazine-8-carboxyl ic acid (2.3%). The recovered radioactive dose (39%) was principally eliminated in the urine (38%), and a small amount (0.8%) was excreted in the feces. TMZ exhibits rapid oral absorption and high systemic availability. The primary elimination pathway for TMZ is by pH-dependent degradation to MTIC and further degradation to AIC. Incomplete recovery of radioactivity may be explained by the incorporation of AIC into nucleic acids.  (+info)

Double blind, cluster randomised trial of low dose supplementation with vitamin A or beta carotene on mortality related to pregnancy in Nepal. The NNIPS-2 Study Group. (7/15664)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact on mortality related to pregnancy of supplementing women of reproductive age each week with a recommended dietary allowance of vitamin A, either preformed or as beta carotene. DESIGN: Double blind, cluster randomised, placebo controlled field trial. SETTING: Rural southeast central plains of Nepal (Sarlahi district). SUBJECTS: 44 646 married women, of whom 20 119 became pregnant 22 189 times. INTERVENTION: 270 wards randomised to 3 groups of 90 each for women to receive weekly a single oral supplement of placebo, vitamin A (7000 micrograms retinol equivalents) or beta carotene (42 mg, or 7000 micrograms retinol equivalents) for over 31/2 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All cause mortality in women during pregnancy up to 12 weeks post partum (pregnancy related mortality) and mortality during pregnancy to 6 weeks postpartum, excluding deaths apparently related to injury (maternal mortality). RESULTS: Mortality related to pregnancy in the placebo, vitamin A, and beta carotene groups was 704, 426, and 361 deaths per 100 000 pregnancies, yielding relative risks (95% confidence intervals) of 0. 60 (0.37 to 0.97) and 0.51 (0.30 to 0.86). This represented reductions of 40% (P<0.04) and 49% (P<0.01) among those who received vitamin A and beta carotene. Combined, vitamin A or beta carotene lowered mortality by 44% (0.56 (0.37 to 0.84), P<0.005) and reduced the maternal mortality ratio from 645 to 385 deaths per 100 000 live births, or by 40% (P<0.02). Differences in cause of death could not be reliably distinguished between supplemented and placebo groups. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of women with either vitamin A or beta carotene at recommended dietary amounts during childbearing years can lower mortality related to pregnancy in rural, undernourished populations of south Asia.  (+info)

In vivo activities of peptidic prodrugs of novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl-1 beta-methylcarbapenems. (8/15664)

A series of novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl (THF)-1 beta-methylcarbapenems which have excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activities exhibit modest efficacies against acute lethal infections (3.8 mg/kg of body weight against Escherichia coli and 0.9 mg/kg against Staphylococcus aureus) in mice when they are administered orally. In an effort to improve the efficacies of orally administered drugs through enhanced absorption by making use of a peptide-mediated transport system, several different amino acids were added at the aminomethyl THF side chains of the carbapenem molecules. The resulting peptidic prodrugs with L-amino acids demonstrated improved efficacy after oral administration, while the D forms were less active than the parent molecules. After oral administration increased (3 to 10 times) efficacy was exhibited with the alanine-, valine-, isoleucine-, and phenylalanine-substituted prodrugs against acute lethal infections in mice. Median effective doses (ED50s) of < 1 mg/kg against infections caused by S. aureus, E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, or penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained after the administration of single oral doses. Several of the peptidic prodrugs were efficacious against Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, and E. coli infections, with ED50s of 1 to 14 mg/kg by oral administration compared with ED50s of 14 to > 32 mg/kg for the parent molecules. In general, the parent molecules demonstrated greater efficacy than the prodrugs against these same infections when the drugs were administered by the subcutaneous route. The parent molecule was detectable in the sera of mice after oral administration of the peptidic prodrugs.  (+info)

Iron bivalent, oral preparations Market (2014 - 2019) | Iron bivalent, oral preparations Market Report Trends, Analysis,...
Iron bivalent, oral preparations market research report covering industry trends, market share, market growth analysis and projection by MIcroMarketMonitor.com. Iron bivalent, oral preparations market report includes,|Key question answered| What are market estimates and forecasts; which of Iron bivalent, oral preparations markets are doing well and which are not? and |Audience for this report| Iron bivalent, oral preparations companies.
http://www.micromarketmonitor.com/market-report/iron-bivalent-oral-preparations-reports-4290510059.html
AID 236679 - Maximum plasma concentration in rat after oral administration at 10 mg/kg dosage - PubChemAID 236679 - Maximum plasma concentration in rat after oral administration at 10 mg/kg dosage - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 236679 submitted by ChEMBL: Maximum plasma concentration in rat after oral administration at 10 mg/kg dosage.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/236679
AID 58769 - Compound was evaluated for duration of action after oral administration at a dose 25 mg/kg to dog. - PubChemAID 58769 - Compound was evaluated for duration of action after oral administration at a dose 25 mg/kg to dog. - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 58769 submitted by ChEMBL: Compound was evaluated for duration of action after oral administration at a dose 25 mg/kg to dog..
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/58769
Vitamin K Oral Preparations Contagious After Eye Bacterial Drops Pink - mode eyes cultureguides
Spring is a time for renewal but for allergy sufferers its a time for perpetually sneezing rubbing itchy eyes swallowing to relieve the sore feeling in your throat. Red irritated eyes result that go away in three days to a week. Contains Ascorbyl Palmitate an oil soluble highly stable form of vitamin C Marie has been thinking that wearing contacts just isnt worth it. Check out these natural ways to heal pink eye! These really work to heal You might not need to go to the doctor for pink eye.. My head has a dull feeling and my eyes are sore and strained. If any one of these is you it pays to know the warning signs. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is present as evidenced by Progressive ischemia leads to the pre-proliferative stage where cotton wool spots (nerve fie Urgent referral to an ophthalmologist Vitamin K Oral Preparations Contagious After Eye Bacterial Drops Pink is essential in patients with any level of. Wash face with ice cold water; Ice or cold packs; Limit sodium intake. ...
http://www.cultureguides.eu/ttudss-eyes/vitamin-k-oral-preparations-contagious-after-eye-bacterial-drops-pink/
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00149200 - Effects of acute oral administration of lithium compounds on multiple schedule...NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 00149200 - Effects of acute oral administration of lithium compounds on multiple schedule...
The effects of acute oral administration of lithium (7439932) compounds on multiple schedule performance were studied in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley-rats were administered lithium-chloride (7447418) or lithium-carbonate (554132) orally in doses of 100, 200, or 300 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). Bar pressing performance on a multiple fixed ratio 20/fixed interval 5 minute schedule was measure
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00149200.html
what to eat on an empty stomach to lose weight
But … Reasons Why You Should Eat Soaked Almonds. Too much fructose and fiber in the diet can slow down the digestive system if eaten on an empty stomach. How to drink olive oil on an empty stomach to lose weight and improve health Nutritionists say that you need to eat enough protein, fat and carbohydrates. Green tea is the preferred beverage of choice in the health circles because of its well-studied weight loss effects. Some drinks and foods are really simple and you will be surprised how they work. This tea dramatically improves body heat and metabolism, thus aiding weight loss. So you want to lose weight, huh? 3. Therefore, eating it in the morning on an empty stomach is equivalent to having two tall glasses of water to fill up your stomach. However, since one would feel the urge to eat a meal after an intense exercise, that person could end up eating … … Do you want to clear all the notifications from your inbox? Avoid having sweet juicy fruits like pumpkins, melons, cantaloupe and ...
https://www.sekonet.pl/g2aug/119bfb-what-to-eat-on-an-empty-stomach-to-lose-weight
Pharmacokinetic changes of halofantrine in experimentally-induced diabetes mellitus following oral drug administration |...Pharmacokinetic changes of halofantrine in experimentally-induced diabetes mellitus following oral drug administration |...
It was hypothesized in this study that alterations in plasma lipoprotein profile and disturbed gastrointestinal motility as observed in diabetes mellitus may influence the disposition of halofantrine (HF), a highly lipophilic antimalarial drug. Therefore, using a rat model of diabetes mellitus induced by administration of alloxan monohydrate, the effects of the disease on the pharmacokinetics of HF was investigated. Also, the drug binding to normal and diabetic plasma components was determined. Results showed that the mean Cmax values of HF and its major metabolite, desbutylhalofantrine (DHF), were markedly higher (up to 2.5 times) in the control than in diabetic rats (p , 0.05). Also, the early AUC (AUC0 - 12) and rate of drug absorption (Cmax /AUC0-) were markedly reduced by 40 and 58%, respectively, in diabetic compared to control group. However, the Tmax, AUC0-, and elimination T1/2 of HF were comparable between the two groups (p , 0.05). The binding of HF and DHF in diabetic plasma was ...
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/58654
Why do I have to take SierraSil Joint Formula14 on an empty stomach? - SierraSil Health Inc.Why do I have to take SierraSil Joint Formula14 on an empty stomach? - SierraSil Health Inc.
SierraSil®s composition naturally promotes absorption of the minerals.* When taken with water on an empty stomach, SierraSil® has a pH of about 3.5, which allows the beneficial minerals to be easily ionized and presented to the tissues to simultaneously replenish mineral deficiencies and support metabolic balance.* It is very important to always take SierraSil® on an empty stomach. If taken with food, medications or supplements the clay component of SierraSil® will become bound to food components such as fiber, phytates and phosphates, as well as your medications or supplements and will not be absorbed into the body but will instead pass right through with all the contents intact. If taking SierraSil with food and medications the maximum intended benefits will not be realized because the proper concentrations were not absorbed into the body.. Due to SierraSil®s absorptive and adsorptive properties, SierraSil should be taken at a different time of day, at least 4 hours before or after ...
https://sierrasil.com/blogs/blog/why-do-i-have-to-take-sierrasil-on-an-empty-stomach
Drinking Water On An Empty Stomach Treatment For Many AilmentsDrinking Water On An Empty Stomach Treatment For Many Ailments
Drinking Water On An Empty Stomach Treatment For Many Ailments - Drinking water on an empty stomach soon after waking up is a healthy habit for people in Japan and this habit has many health benefits that were shown in several studies, water treatment provides a seriously positive effect against many ailments. The consumption of water first thing in the morning was shown to be
http://inminutes.com/drinking-water-empty-stomach-treatment-ailments/
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of Multiple Oral Doses of GLPG0555 in Healthy Subjects - Full Text View -...Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of Multiple Oral Doses of GLPG0555 in Healthy Subjects - Full Text View -...
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple ascending oral doses (MAD) of GLPG0555 given to healthy subjects for 13 days compared to placebo, and to evaluate the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of two different aqueous suspensions of GLPG0555 administered for 3 days. Finally, it is aimed to characterize PK and pharmacodynamics (PD) of GLPG0555 after multiple oral administrations ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01208753
Challenges in Oral Drug Delivery and Applications of Lipid NChallenges in Oral Drug Delivery and Applications of Lipid N
Background: The oral application of drugs is the most popular route through which the systemic effect can be achieved. Nevertheless, oral administration is limi
http://www.currentpharmaceuticalbiotechnology.com/articles/184539/challenges-in-oral-drug-delivery-and-applications-of-lipid-nanoparticles-as-potent-oral-drug-carriers-for-managing-cardiovascular-risk-factors
Plus itPlus it
The early onset of the mean Cmax for the two major metabolites, penciclovir and M4, and their rate and extent of excretion in the urine indicated that SK1899 was rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and extensively converted to its metabolites following oral administration to the rat and dog at doses up to 2 and 0.68 mmol/kg, respectively. However, the parent compound SK1899 was not detected in either plasma or urine, indicating that substantial first-pass metabolism of SK1899 occurred in both rats and dogs.. Following oral administration of SK1899 to both species, the ratios of the mean Cmax and AUC values for penciclovir to the corresponding values for M4 in plasma and the ratio of penciclovir to M4 concentrations excreted in urine decreased with increasing dose, suggesting that a dose-dependent decrease in the conversion of SK1899 to penciclovir occurred. In the rat, a 10-fold increase in dose from 0.2 to 2 mmol/kg led to a decrease in the ratios of penciclovir to M4 ...
http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/29/7/945
NewYork-Presbyterian Queens - Oral Medications
Each type of medication will help lower the blood sugar levels in a different way. Some people with type 2 diabetes may take a combination of diabetes pills and insulin. Your doctor will prescribe the treatment plan that will work best for you and will give you directions as to the times, dosage, and frequency of each type of medication.. Only people with type 2 diabetes use oral medications. They are not helpful for a person with type 1 diabetes whose pancreas has lost most or all ability to produce insulin.. Maintaining a proper diet and a regular exercise program are both important steps in controlling diabetes, even when taking oral medications. Oral medications are designed to work with diet and exercise, not in place of them.. Click here to view ...
http://www.nyhq.org/diw/Content.asp?PageID=DIW000350&More=WTN&language=Chinese
NewYork-Presbyterian Queens - Oral Medications
Each type of medication will help lower the blood sugar levels in a different way. Some people with type 2 diabetes may take a combination of diabetes pills and insulin. Your doctor will prescribe the treatment plan that will work best for you and will give you directions as to the times, dosage, and frequency of each type of medication.. Only people with type 2 diabetes use oral medications. They are not helpful for a person with type 1 diabetes whose pancreas has lost most or all ability to produce insulin.. Maintaining a proper diet and a regular exercise program are both important steps in controlling diabetes, even when taking oral medications. Oral medications are designed to work with diet and exercise, not in place of them.. Click here to view ...
http://www.nyhq.org/diw/Content.asp?PageID=DIW000350&More=DIW&language=Chinese
Which AKT 4 drug needs to be taken empty stomach?Which AKT 4 drug needs to be taken empty stomach?
|b|I was prescribed AKT-4; the pack contains three tablets and one capsule.|/b| I would like to know which medicine needs to be taken empty stomach (one tablet or the capsule). The remaining medicines have to be taken after breakfast, lunch and dinner. I am suffering from tuberculosis and I got pleural fluid in my lungs.
https://doctor.ndtv.com/faq/which-akt-4-drug-needs-to-be-taken-empty-stomach-12745
IV. Inhibitory Reflexes From The Intestinal Mucosa To The Empty StomachIV. Inhibitory Reflexes From The Intestinal Mucosa To The Empty Stomach
We have seen that the tonus and contractions of the empty stomach are temporarily inhibited by stimulation of nerves in the mouth, in the esophagus, and in the gastric mucosa itself. Can the tonus and...
https://bookdome.com/health/Control-of-Hunger/IV-Inhibitory-Reflexes-From-The-Intestinal-Mucosa-To-The-Empty-Stomach.html
Benefits of Drinking Water on an Empty StomachBenefits of Drinking Water on an Empty Stomach
The biggest benefit of drinking water comes when it is consumed early in the morning, on an empty stomach, before brushing the teeth.
https://www.awesomecuisine.com/foodguide/16423/benefits-of-drinking-water-empty-stomach.html
Can tylenol sinus taken on an empty stomach cause stomach pain?Can tylenol sinus taken on an empty stomach cause stomach pain?
I have had a bad sinus infection now for a few days and I have been taking Tylenol Sinus Severe for it. I just took it a little bit ago on an empty stomach and
http://bloatingcures.com/can-tylenol-sinus-taken-on-an-empty-stomach-cause-stomach-pain
Get the most out of exercise by working out on empty stomachGet the most out of exercise by working out on empty stomach
Exercising on an empty stomach is likely to bring important health benefits in how the body uses stored fat, according to an important new study.
https://www.bath.ac.uk/announcements/get-the-most-out-of-exercise-by-working-out-on-empty-stomach/
13 Foods to avoid on empty stomach (6 you can eat)13 Foods to avoid on empty stomach (6 you can eat)
It is necessary to keep a close eye on the foods to avoid on empty stomach because that is what ends up impacting the overall well being and your health throughout the day. What you eat in a day and the kind of diet you adhere to actually does make quite an impact on the overall well being of your body.
https://www.healthspectra.com/foods-to-avoid-on-empty-stomach/
Empty Stomach Workout: Merits and Demerits - IndiaEmpty Stomach Workout: Merits and Demerits - India
To maintain that kind of physical and social appearance, most of us usually practice regular exercises and workout sessions. Read the article to know the merits and demerits of empty stomach workout.
https://www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/india/empty-stomach-workout-merits-and-demerits
Running on an empty stomach - Page 2Running on an empty stomach - Page 2
Because Im one of those people who cant function when Im hungry (I get nausous, weak and grumpy), I always used to make sure I ate a small breakfast before exercising in the morning, but for the last few weeks Ive been running on an empty stomach because Ive heard its more effective for burning fat, and because it means I can get out of bed a little later. The first few times I was surprised to find that I was still able to get through the run and didnt feel nauseous, but I still feel
https://www.bullshido.net/forums/showthread.php?t=45205&page=2&p=1195986
Can exercising on an empty stomach help me burn more fat? | Fitness - SharecareCan exercising on an empty stomach help me burn more fat? | Fitness - Sharecare
Exercising on an empty stomach does not help you burn more fat. Our energy sources are stored in a few different places, based on how easy it is to a
https://www.sharecare.com/health/fitness-exercise/can-exercising-empty-stomach-fat
Xanax on an empty stomach
Feb 13, 2012. Whitney Houstons Death Xanax and Alcohol, Lethal Duo. Throw in other factors-sleep deprivation, an empty stomach, a cold-and
http://canadapharmacybsl.bid/prednisone+thrush/xanax-on-an-empty-stomach-48/
L-Glutamine - Empty Stomach? | MuscleTalk.co.ukL-Glutamine - Empty Stomach? | MuscleTalk.co.uk
I was told that its best to run this on an empty stomach as it made it more effective. Is there actually any truth behind this, or does it make no difference if I through it in with a shake or something?
https://www.muscletalk.co.uk/LGlutamine-Empty-Stomach-m4366773.aspx
Plus itPlus it
We have conducted a dose-escalation study of the combination of the pan-PI3K inhibitor SAR245408 and the HER3-neutralizing antibody SAR256212. The MTD of SAR256212 was determined to be a loading dose of 40 mg/kg, followed by weekly doses at 20 mg/kg, in combination with daily oral administration of SAR245408 at 200 mg. This was on the basis of grade 3 or 4 maculopapular rash occurring in 33% of patients at the next higher dose. Twelve of 23 patients exhibited stable disease but there were no objective responses.. The toxicities seen in this study are consistent with predictions based upon the known safety profiles of both drugs. EGFR inhibitors cause diarrhea and other gastrointestinal toxicity, likely due to disruption of chloride secretion, intestinal motility, or gut repair and resorption (37, 38). SAR256212 is an intravenous mAb, but apparently mimicked the gastrointestinal side effects seen in patients treated with oral ERBB RTK inhibitors (39-41). Hyperglycemia is an expected class effect ...
https://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/23/14/3520
Plus itPlus it
Mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys were given a single 50 mg/kg oral dose of [14C]LY256548. Plasma levels of radioactivity and LY256548 were determined, as was the excretion of radioactivity. Peak plasma levels of LY256548 occurred prior to those of radioactivity in mice, dogs, and monkeys, but were coincident in rats. The Cmax of LY256548 in rats, mice, dogs, and monkeys was 0.17, 0.30, 0.04, and 0.02 microgram/ml, respectively. However, the Cmax of radioactivity was 10-fold greater than that of LY256548 in rats and mice, 24-fold greater in dogs, and 40-fold greater in monkeys. The half-lives of LY256548 were substantially less than those of radioactivity in all four species. The oral absorption of LY256548 in rats, dogs, and monkeys was 45%, 7%, and 12%, respectively. The systemic bioavailability of LY256548 in rats, dogs, and monkeys was 6%, 0.4%, and 3%, respectively. Extensive biotransformation of LY256548 was observed in all four species. Fecal excretion of radioactivity was the primary mode of ...
https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/18/5/674
Antimyasthenic (Oral route, parenteral route) - Loyola University Health SystemAntimyasthenic (Oral route, parenteral route) - Loyola University Health System
Allergies- Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully. Children- Although there is no specific information comparing use of antimyasthenics in children with use in other age groups, these medicines are not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than they do in adults. Older adults- Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is not much information comparing use of antimyasthenics in the elderly with use in other age groups, these medicines are not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than they do in younger adults. ...
http://loyolauniversity.adam.com/content.aspx?productId=47&pid=47&gid=602065
To Evaluate Safety, Tolerability, Plasma Drug Levels And Other Biological Effects In Healthy Volunteers - Full Text View -...To Evaluate Safety, Tolerability, Plasma Drug Levels And Other Biological Effects In Healthy Volunteers - Full Text View -...
Evaluate the safety, tolerability, plasma concentrations of PF-03382792 and other biological activity following a single dose of PF-03382792. Three ascending single doses of PF-03382792 were administered in this study (0.05 mg, 0.15mg and 0.5 mg). The decision to terminate the study was made on June 4, 2010 due to safety findings and limitations regarding the levels of the metabolite projected for doses above 0.5 mg ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01045863
Insulin (Parenteral route)Insulin (Parenteral route)
Allergies Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully. Children Children are especially sensitive to the effects of insulin before puberty (the time when sexual changes occur). Therefore, low blood sugar may be especially likely to occur. Use in teenagers is similar to use in older age groups. The insulin need may be higher during puberty and lower after puberty. Older adults Use in older adults is similar to use in other age groups. However, sometimes the first signs of low or high blood sugar are missing or not easily seen in older patients. This may increase the chance of low blood sugar during treatment. Also, some older people may have vision problems or other medical problems that make it harder for them ...
https://www.allinahealth.org/CCS/doc/Thomson%20Detailed%20Drugs/47/602141.htm
Capecitabine usage: main indications and usage
Several economic evaluations of regimens including oral preparations such as capecitabine and tegafur-uracil have shown that such regimens are more cost effective than regimens comprising only injectable preparations [15, 30-32].
http://drug.report/Capecitabine/indications/
Plus itPlus it
In the present study, we quantified the relationships of plasma concentrations of PF06463922 to inhibition of ALK phosphorylation and tumor growth inhibition in a crizotinib-resistant ALK-tumor model (i.e., H3122 NSCLC with EML4-ALKL1196M) using a mathematical modeling approach. This is the first report to quantitatively characterize PKPD relationships of a second-generation ALK inhibitor for target modulation (including rebounds) and antitumor efficacy in an ALK-tumor model. Unexpectedly, the rebounds of ALK phosphorylation in vivo were observed at 24-36 hours after repeated oral administration of PF06463922. By that time, the plasma concentrations of PF06463922 declined to less than 5 ng/ml (3 nM free), which was ,10-fold lower than the EC50,in vivo (36 nM free). The observations that ALK responses were partially back to near or above the baseline around 24 hours postdose were consistent in an ALK-tumor model treated with not only PF06463922, but also other in-house ALK inhibitors. Moreover, ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/351/1/67
1 Box = 10 Sachets/210 Pills Jamu Merit Herb For Dietary, Loss Weight, Loss Fat - Mboq Jamu - ecplaza.net1 Box = 10 Sachets/210 Pills Jamu Merit Herb For Dietary, Loss Weight, Loss Fat - Mboq Jamu - ecplaza.net
Jamu Merit Jamu Merit is a traditional oral preparation used to induce weight loss and support a healthier, trimmer figure. It is a combination of herbs that have diuretic and fat-cleansing effects. Jamu Merit reduces flabbiness, while protecting...
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A Phase 1, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Single-dose Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity,...A Phase 1, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Single-dose Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity,...
This single-dose study is evaluating the pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of single subcutaneous 100 and 150 mg doses of mavrilimumab in healthy adult
http://adisinsight.springer.com/trials/700248252?error=cookies_not_supported&code=3b7bce65-e8f4-4851-b67f-43eda5f0d225
Furazabol | Facts, Dosage and Side effects - anabolika.de/en
Furazabol is methylated at C17, which allows peroral administration but can also have hepatotoxic effects (liver damage). The steroid is used by ...
https://anabolika.de/en/furazabol
Oral MedicationsOral Medications
Oral medications are usually the first treatment options suggested for patients with mild to moderate bladder symptoms and/or pain.
https://www.ic-network.com/forum/forumdisplay.php?164-Oral-Medications&s=ed112ae7009cd46661b0a094532c299a
02.03 Oral Medications - NRSNG Nursing Courses02.03 Oral Medications - NRSNG Nursing Courses
In this lesson we break down tips for administering oral medications to patients. View the free video lesson and practice questions today!
https://academy.nrsng.com/lesson/pharm-02-03-oral-medications/
endurance racing: Electrolytesendurance racing: Electrolytes
Mg has been implicated in cramping and it is often added to supplements and drinks. There is no evidence to support this and it is extremely unlikely that anyone would suffer Mg deficits during a race. It is totally unlikely that oral Mg supplements could correct such deficits if they existed. Both calcium and magnesium for contraction and nerve conduction are highly sequestered in separate compartments with tightly controlled levels. Furthermore, there is evidence that fatigued muscle cells actually dump Ca and Mg in the extracellular fluid. Such active mechanisms cannot be counterbalanced by oral ingestion of minerals. In these cases oral intake just adds to the already increased plasma load and puts stress on the kidney ...
http://go4distance.blogspot.com/2008/08/electrolytes.html
An empty stomach is the best cook: Ninjabread MenAn empty stomach is the best cook: Ninjabread Men
Disclaimer: I am gluten, lactose and soy intolerant and while I try my best to avoid these things while eating out, I am sometimes willing to take risks with what I eat. Please ensure that you also do your own research and take your own precautions to make sure that any food served by the places I visit and the food I make is suitable for you. I dont want anyone getting sick because of me. ...
http://anemptystomachisthebestcook.blogspot.com/2011/07/ninjabread-men.html
An empty stomach is the best cook: More flowersAn empty stomach is the best cook: More flowers
Disclaimer: I am gluten, lactose and soy intolerant and while I try my best to avoid these things while eating out, I am sometimes willing to take risks with what I eat. Please ensure that you also do your own research and take your own precautions to make sure that any food served by the places I visit and the food I make is suitable for you. I dont want anyone getting sick because of me. ...
http://anemptystomachisthebestcook.blogspot.com/2008/05/more-flowers.html
Day 3 - The Empty StomachDay 3 - The Empty Stomach
Today I woke up and felt a little better. I still feel nauseated and my stomach is still VERY sensitive. But, Im not running to the bathroom and that is a great sign! Liquids worked for me yesterday, so that was where I picked up. So, I waited and drank a little and then a…
https://theemptystomach.com/2016/07/23/day-3-2/
Why must some medicines be taken on an empty stomach? - NHSWhy must some medicines be taken on an empty stomach? - NHS
If you have any concerns about the information below or need any help understanding it and relating it to your own situation, you should talk to your GP or pharmacist.
https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/medicines/why-must-some-medicines-be-taken-on-an-empty-stomach/
Being Biracial - The Empty StomachBeing Biracial - The Empty Stomach
I am Korean and Indian. So much these days is focused on race. This is something that has never been a problem for me. But, it is something that has caused a lot of confusion, everywhere I go. People look at me like Im a math problem. Jo Koi once said. It is a feeling…
https://theemptystomach.com/2016/01/21/biracial/
Why do you need to take ampicillin on an empty stomach
Some antibiotics like Ampicillin work fastest why do you need to take ampicillin on an empty stomach on an empty stomach. A&E-Things To Do. Do I always have to take my medication Upon hearing that you need to take it on an empty stomach, Thats why its so important to find a why do you need to take ampicillin on an empty stomach doctor. Does it really matter? (Do not take with milk or other dairy products). Cefzil, a cephalosporin, works fastest when. Ive taken antibiotics on an empty stomach and it makes you feel nauseous--i think its just not supposed can i take ibuprofen and antacids to Why do you need to take antibiotics on an. When the instructions say to take medicine on how much calcium should i take with depo provera an empty is it safe to take ibuprofen while on prednisone stomach, how long do how long does leflunomide take to work in dogs I have to wait Need further assistance If you can, its easiest to why do you need to take ampicillin on an empty stomach take empty. Take On An ...
http://www.musicaenlamochila.net/2018/07/08/why-do-you-need-to-take-ampicillin-on-an-empty-stomach
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A Phase 2 Multicenter, 36-Week Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of Daily Oral Administration of Dexlansoprazole...A Phase 2 Multicenter, 36-Week Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of Daily Oral Administration of Dexlansoprazole...
This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of treatment with once daily oral administration of dexlansoprazole delayed-release capsules in adolescents
http://adisinsight.springer.com/trials/700220568?error=cookies_not_supported&code=34d1110e-9697-4509-84f3-60ad6e3ad684
Lipid-based oral delivery systems for skin deposition of a potential chemopreventive DIM derivative: characterization and...
Lipid-based oral delivery systems for skin deposition of a potential chemopreventive DIM derivative: characterization and evaluation - Texas A&M University (TAMU) Scholar profile, educations, publications, research, recent courses, and student works
https://vivo.library.tamu.edu/vivo/display/n138820SE
Eating Fruit On Empty Stomach - Healthy Cures
FRUITS SHOULD BE EATEN ON AN EMPTY STOMACH. If you eat fruits on empty stomach, it will play a major role to detoxify your system, supplying you with a great deal of energy for weight loss and other life activities.. FRUIT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FOOD. Lets say you eat two slices of bread and then a slice of fruit. The slice of fruit is ready to go straight through the stomach into the intestines, but it is prevented from doing so due to the bread taken before the fruit. In the meantime the whole meal of bread & fruit rots and ferments and turns to acid. The minute the fruit comes into contact with the food in the stomach and digestive juices, the entire mass of food begins to spoil. So please eat your fruits on an empty stomach or before your meals !. You have heard people complaining ...
https://healthycures.org/eating-fruit-empty-stomach/
Relative bioavailability and comparative clinical efficacy of different ivermectin oral formulations in lambs | BMC Veterinary...Relative bioavailability and comparative clinical efficacy of different ivermectin oral formulations in lambs | BMC Veterinary...
Several oral ivermectin (IVM) formulations for use in sheep are available in the pharmaceutical veterinary market in different countries. All of them are indicated at the same dose rate to treat the gastrointestinal nematodes. However, there is a lack of information on the relative systemic exposure (plasma bioavailability) and clinical efficacy among oral formulations routinely used in sheep. The main goal of the work reported here was to perform a pharmaco-parasitological assessment of three different IVM oral formulations in lambs infected with multiple resistant gastrointestinal nematodes. The comparative drug systemic exposure (IVM plasma concentrations) and nematodicidal efficacies (clinical efficacy) in lambs were determined for a reference (RF) and two different test (T1, T2) IVM oral formulations. One hundred and fifty six (n= 156) healthy Corriedale lambs, naturally infected with multiple resistant gastrointestinal nematodes were allocated into four experimental groups (n=39). Animals in each
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-6148-9-27/metrics
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SYK Pathway | SYK Pathway
No biological or any other meaningful alterations in body weight, food consumption, or physical features Ipilimumab were noted. There were no significant dose-related effects in clinical laboratory examinations, and the treatment did not cause gross or microscopic changes in the tissues examined. The occasional presence of neoplasms did not reveal any consistent, dose-related trends in any group. The OECD (2004) derived from this study a NOAEL for chronic oral administration at approximately 2500 mg/kg bw/day. The NOAEL for surface-treated silica in a 6-month. dietary study was at 500 mg/kg bw/day, the only dose tested ( EPA, 2011). The toxic effects of nano- and micron-sized silica particles made from rice husk (and hence biogenic amorphous silica, not SAS) were studied by So et al. (2008). As this study is often discussed in the context of nanosilica in food it is nevertheless included in this review. The silica particles were about 30-90 nm. and 0.5-30 μm in size; their purity given as ...
http://sykpathway.com/category/syk/
sykp8676 | SYK Pathway
No biological or any other meaningful alterations in body weight, food consumption, or physical features Ipilimumab were noted. There were no significant dose-related effects in clinical laboratory examinations, and the treatment did not cause gross or microscopic changes in the tissues examined. The occasional presence of neoplasms did not reveal any consistent, dose-related trends in any group. The OECD (2004) derived from this study a NOAEL for chronic oral administration at approximately 2500 mg/kg bw/day. The NOAEL for surface-treated silica in a 6-month. dietary study was at 500 mg/kg bw/day, the only dose tested ( EPA, 2011). The toxic effects of nano- and micron-sized silica particles made from rice husk (and hence biogenic amorphous silica, not SAS) were studied by So et al. (2008). As this study is often discussed in the context of nanosilica in food it is nevertheless included in this review. The silica particles were about 30-90 nm. and 0.5-30 μm in size; their purity given as ...
http://sykpathway.com/author/sykp8676/
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Eating Garlic On An Empty Stomach Kills Malignant Tumor Cells In The Brain - Development Of Mental Health
Scientists have found that eating garlic on an empty stomach is a very effective way to prevent and treat many diseases. When you eat garlic on an empty stomach you increase its power against harmful bacteria because they are exposed to its direct action.. Garlic prevents aging and clogging the major and peripheral arteries, helping to reduce levels of bad cholesterol, protects against heart diseases, lowers blood pressure and has anti-inflammatory properties. It also reduces the synthesis of triglycerides in the liver, which helps prevent the development of atherosclerosis. Its consumption is recommended against diseases of the nervous system. Garlic aids in killing the cells of malignant tumors of the brain and strengthens the immune system.. ...
http://www.developmentofmentalhealth.com/eating-garlic-on-an-empty-stomach-kills-malignant-tumor-cells-in-the-brain/
DailyMed - REPAGLINIDE tabletDailyMed - REPAGLINIDE tablet
dosed preprandially with three meals. Absorption After oral administration, repaglinide is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After single and multiple oral doses in healthy subjects or in patients, peak plasma drug levels (Cmax) occur within 1 hour (Tmax). Repaglinide is eliminated from the blood stream with a half-life of approximately 1 hour. The mean absolute bioavailability is 56%. When repaglinide was given with food, the mean Tmax was not changed, but the mean Cmax and AUC (area under the time/plasma concentration curve) were decreased 20% and 12.4%, respectively.. Distribution After intravenous (IV) dosing in healthy subjects, the volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) was 31 L, and the total body clearance (CL) was 38 L/h. Protein binding and binding to human serum albumin was greater than 98%.. Metabolism and Elimination. Repaglinide is completely metabolized by oxidative biotransformation and direct conjugation with glucuronic acid after either an IV or oral ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=457c2638-86cd-4afc-b562-eea925e9d42a
Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin and its influence on fecal flora. | Antimicrobial Agents and ChemotherapyMultiple-dose pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin and its influence on fecal flora. | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose pharmacokinetic study, the safety and effect on intestinal flora of sparfloxacin (SPX) were determined in 12 healthy male volunteers (8 received SPX and 4 received a placebo). Following fasting and oral administration of 400 mg on day 1 and 200 mg on days 2 to 8, concentrations of the free drug in serum, urine, and feces were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography; serum and urine were also evaluated by a microbiological assay. All results, except those for renal excretion, exclude the glucuroconjugate metabolite. A mean peak concentration in serum (400-mg dose) of 0.56 +/- 0.13 mg/liter was measured 3.52 +/- 0.98 h after administration. Pharmacokinetic parameters (measured by high-performance liquid chromatography) were based on an open, one-compartment model and resulted in the following day 1 (calculated for the 200-mg dose), day 4 (recalculated for a single dose), and day 8 values (mean +/- standard deviation): area ...
https://aac.asm.org/content/38/3/455
DailyMed - ALBUTEROL- albuterol sulfate tabletDailyMed - ALBUTEROL- albuterol sulfate tablet
In a 2- year study in Sprague-Dawley rats, albuterol sulfate caused a significant dose-related increase in the incidence of benign leiomyomas of the mesovarium at dietary doses of 2, 10, and 50 mg/kg (approximately 1/2, 3, and 15 times, respectively, the maximum recommended daily oral dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis, or, 2/5, 2 and 10 times, respectively, the maximum recommended daily oral dose for children on a mg/m2 basis). In another study this effect was blocked by the coadministration of propranolol, a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist.. In an 18-month study in CD-1 mice albuterol sulfate showed no evidence of tumorigenicity at dietary doses of up to 500 mg/kg, (approximately 65 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis, or, approximately 50 times the maximum recommended daily oral dose for children on a mg/m2 basis). In a 22-month study in the Golden hamster, albuterol sulfate showed no evidence of tumorigenicity at dietary doses of up to 50 mg/kg, ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1c1f3881-2b68-4bdb-a12f-8134fe8ba961
Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of 14C-Temozolomide following Oral Administration to Patients with Advanced Cancer |...Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of 14C-Temozolomide following Oral Administration to Patients with Advanced Cancer |...
TMZ, an imidazotetrazine derivative, is a new oral alkylating agent that has demonstrated promising antitumor activity in phase I and II trials (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) , particularly in patients with advanced high-grade central nervous system malignancies and melanoma. Mechanistic and preclinical studies predicted a potential clinical advantage of TMZ based, in part, on the nonenzymatic, pH-dependent generation of the cytotoxic intermediate MTIC, which optimally occurs at physiological pH (7, 8, 9) . This clinical study provides evidence that the principal pathway for TMZ elimination is through the formation of MTIC. The observed low interpatient variability in TMZ clearance indicates that generation of MTIC is consistent between patients. These results, combined with the observed high systemic availability after oral administration, indicate that the clinical use of TMZ may lead to a significant therapeutic advantage over i.v. DTIC, which requires metabolic activation via cytochrome P450 ...
https://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/5/2/309?ijkey=1e1be9cf5d7d7050982e5e1c8dde8484a91e6a7c&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
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Comparative study to evaluate the voluntary acceptance of two liquid oral formulations of ciclosporin in dogs | Irish...Comparative study to evaluate the voluntary acceptance of two liquid oral formulations of ciclosporin in dogs | Irish...
The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the voluntary acceptance of two oral liquid formulations of ciclosporin, investigational Atopica® oral solution (Elanco Animal Health) and Cyclavance® Oral Solution (Virbac), when given orally via syringe or offered freely after mixing with food to dogs. Twenty-five adult mixed breed dogs were selected for this two-phase study. In Phase 1, 12 (Group I) and 13 (Group II) dogs received Atopica® oral solution and Cyclavance® Oral Solution, respectively, daily for 7 days via an oral syringe. After a 3-day washout period, the dosing was switched for a further 7 days. For Phase 2, dosing was by acceptance from freely offered test article mixed in a small amount of food, approximately 6 h after the routine morning feeding. During the first part of this phase, normal daily ration of food offered in the morning was continuously left in the cage. Group I was offered Atopica® oral solution and Group II was offered Cyclavance® Oral Solution mixed with ~
https://irishvetjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13620-018-0138-9/figures/4
Label changes for Nucynta (tapentadol) Immediate-release Oral Tablets | Drugs.comLabel changes for Nucynta (tapentadol) Immediate-release Oral Tablets | Drugs.com
Changes have been made to the ADVERSE REACTIONS sections of the safety label for Nucynta (tapentadol) Immediate-release Oral Tablets
https://www.drugs.com/labeling-changes/November-2010/nucynta-tapentadol-immediate-release-oral-2348.html
Pfizer Medische Informatie - Netherlands (Nederland)Pfizer Medische Informatie - Netherlands (Nederland)
Absorption - Oral absorption appears to be dose dependent. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 0.75 to 6.0 hours following oral administration. At doses of 30 mg/m2 or less, methotrexate is generally well absorbed with a mean bioavailability of about 60%. The absorption of doses greater than 80 mg/m2 is significantly less, possibly due to a saturation effect.. In leukemic pediatric patients, oral absorption of methotrexate also appears to be dose dependent and has been reported to vary widely (23% to 95%). A twenty fold difference between highest and lowest peak levels (Cmax: 0.11 to 2.3 micromolar after a 20 mg/m2 dose) has been reported. Significant interindividual variability has also been noted in time to peak concentration (Tmax: 0.67 to 4 hrs after a 15 mg/m2 dose) and fraction of dose absorbed. The absorption of doses greater than 40 mg/m2 has been reported to be significantly less than that of lower doses. Food has been shown to delay absorption and reduce peak concentration. ...
https://www.pfizermedicalinformation.nl/en-us/methotrexate-0/clinical-pharmacology
Why You Must Not Drink Wine on an Empty Stomach | Bows CollectiveWhy You Must Not Drink Wine on an Empty Stomach | Bows Collective
Despite all the proven health benefits of wine, never take it on an empty stomach. Besides, you enjoy the taste of the flavor by slowly swirling it through your mouth. The alcoholic drink needs no digestion; instead, its directly absorbed in the bloodstream.. It means it instantly takes effect on the nervous system. Without food, the high absorption rate confuses the brain functions hence the misbehavior. Diet reduces this process by controlling your actions, emotions, and movement once you have your glass. What are the donts while taking wine?. The first warning is our point of focus in this article. The reasons why you shouldnt take wine before meals are. Reduces the rate of uncontrolled actions and behavior. Food reduces the speed at which the wine takes effect on your body. The delay provides ample time to digest as you think through your actions. However, once you engage in a glass without taking a meal, the speed overwhelms the control of the body functions.. It explains the ...
https://bowscollective.com/2020/05/31/why-you-must-not-drink-wine-on-an-empty-stomach/
A Method for Reliable Voluntary Oral Administration of a Fixed Dosage by Adrian M. Corbett, Audrey E. McGowin et al.A Method for Reliable Voluntary Oral Administration of a Fixed Dosage by Adrian M. Corbett, Audrey E. McGowin et al.
Stress can influence a number of physiological processes including adult neurogenesis, metabolism, cardiovascular function, immune function, neurophysiological function, endocrine function and inflammatory processes following injury. In testing drugs which may be used to treat various diseases or injuries, reducing stress associated with chronic drug delivery to animal models should then be an imperative, which led us to design a reliable voluntary oral drug delivery method. Various drug combinations were tested versus vehicle controls in four different rat stocks or strains (Wistar, Fisher, Long Evans and Sprague Dawley) with our voluntary oral delivery system. Oral medications were placed into a store-bought sugar cookie dough ball (∼4 g), thoroughly integrating the dry drugs with the dough. This method has worked consistently to deliver the medication (complete ingestion) in four different stocks or strains of rats, with reliabilities ranging from 98.6% to 100%. The percentage of rats in each stock
https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/ncbp/658/
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Study Proves That Exercising On Empty Stomach Might Prove Better Long Term Health Benefits | My Health Arabia.Com
One of the most common questions that fitness enthusiast often find themselves seeking an answer to is, whether they should exercise before or after taking a meal. Well, according to the findings of a study conducted by the researchers at the University of Bath in UK, exercising on empty stomach is likely to provide better health benefits in the long-term. The study analysed the effects of performing a workout before and after eating, on the adipose tissue within the body to arrive at this conclusion. This is because the adipose tissue plays an important role during exercise by providing a majority of the energy for working skeletal muscle. This essentially means that people who hit the gym or go for a workout first thing in the morning are more likely to enjoy a healthier and fitter life than those who do so after having any meal.
https://myhealtharabia.com/study-proves-exercising-empty-stomach-might-prove-better-long-term-health-benefits/
Health benefits of garlic if taken on empty stomach in morning - LifestyleHealth benefits of garlic if taken on empty stomach in morning - Lifestyle
New Delhi: Garlic is popular for its health benefits. The people call it a healing food. If the garlic is consumed on empty stomach in the morning, it will be proving healthy.
http://post.jagran.com/health-benefits-of-garlic-if-taken-on-empty-stomach-in-morning-1449133543
Zanaflex 4 mg oral tablet - over the internet legallyZanaflex 4 mg oral tablet - over the internet legally
Zanaflex 4 mg oral tablet - for sale. The dose can be repeated at 6-8 hour intervals, as needed, to a maximum of three doses in 24 hours
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Take nootropics on an empty stomach |Nootropic Supplements Best
Take nootropics on an empty stomach, Researchers believe that these two showed increased blood levels of an important role in a sleep and memory problems. Vitamin B 12 Cobalamin to mg of Vitamin B 12 daily by mouth or 1 the labs may show B at risk of deficiency, including.
https://www.ebrainsupplements.com/Nootropic-Supplements/take-nootropics-on-an-empty-stomach.html
Acidity after eating sweet stuff on empty stomach. Help - Doctors insight on HealthcareMagicAcidity after eating sweet stuff on empty stomach. Help - Doctors insight on HealthcareMagic
Question - Acidity after eating sweet stuff on empty stomach. Help. Ask a Doctor about uses, dosages and side-effects of Omeprazole, Ask a Gastroenterologist
http://www.healthcaremagic.com/questions/Acidity-after-eating-sweet-stuff-on-empty-stomach-Help/314982
24236-012 : Smx 800 mg / Tmp 160 mg Oral Tablet - MedsChat24236-012 : Smx 800 mg / Tmp 160 mg Oral Tablet - MedsChat
24236-012 : Smx 800 mg / Tmp 160 mg Oral Tablet - Manufactured by Remedyrepack Inc. - Rev. Date December 5, 2013 - MedsChat NDC Database
https://www.medschat.com/NDC/24236-012
Should You Eat Garlic on an Empty Stomach? - Step To HealthShould You Eat Garlic on an Empty Stomach? - Step To Health
When you eat garlic on an empty stomach, the bacteria in your body has its guard down and is weaker, making it easier to get rid of.
https://steptohealth.com/eat-garlic-empty-stomach/
1,1-(isopropylidene)bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dib... - Registration Dossier - ECHA1,1-(isopropylidene)bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dib... - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Studies regarding the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of TBBA-DBPE were conducted. Male Fischer-344 rats were dosed with TBBA-DBPE (20mg/kg) by oral gavage or IV administration. Following a single oral administration of TBBA-DBPE, elimination of [14C] equivalents in feces was extensive and rapid (95% by 96 hours). Following repeated daily oral doses for 5 or 10 days, route and rate of elimination was similar to single administration of TBBA-DBPE. After IV administration, fecal excretion of [14C] equivalents was much slower (27% of dose eliminated by 36h, 71% by 96h). Urinary elimination was minimal (,0.1%) following oral and IV administration. A single peak that co-eluted with the standard of TBBA-DBPE was detected in extracts of whole blood following oral or IV administration. TBBA-DBPE elimination from the blood was slow. Kinetic constants following IV dosing were: t1/2b: 24.8h; CLb: 0.1mL/min. Kinetic constants following oral dosing were: t1/2a: 2.5h:13.9h; CLb :4.6mL/min. ...
https://echa.europa.eu/da/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13876/7/2/1
Blog - Page 67 of 68 - Chape FitnessBlog - Page 67 of 68 - Chape Fitness
Cardio on an empty stomach? Cardio on an empty stomach? Everyone should experience and check the results in person. Far from settling the issue, I would like to point out some advantages and mistakes about it. Aerobic exercise on an empty stomach can increase the amount of free fatty acids used as fuel. But, this is …. Cardio on an empty stomach? Read More ». ...
https://chape.fitness/blog/page/67/
Empty Stomach Archives - Didnt You Hear...
If you think that “scans of sandwiches for education and delight†doesn’t sound like a deliciously good time, then you obviously haven’t been to Scanwiches.. The website itself is run by Jon Chonko, a thehappycorp global designer, and to make the images, he takes sandwiches from the lunch shops around NYC, cuts them in half, scans the results, and then adds the image along with a written description of the ingredients to the Tumblr account.. If youre getting ready to visit the site, I have one warning for you: Don’t visit the site on an empty stomach, because monitors don’t like to be licked.. [Scanwiches]. ...
https://www.didntyouhear.com/tag/empty-stomach/
Covid warriors cant march on empty stomach: Docs protesting for salaries - Rediff.com India NewsCovid warriors cant march on empty stomach: Docs protesting for salaries - Rediff.com India News
Covid warriors cant march on empty stomach: Docs protesting for salaries. Resident doctors of three North Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC)-run hospitals are currently holding an agitating seeking release of their salaries due for the last three months.
https://www.rediff.com/news/report/covid-warriors-cant-march-on-empty-stomach-docs/20201015.htm
Progestin (Oral Route, Parenteral Route, Vaginal Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo ClinicProgestin (Oral Route, Parenteral Route, Vaginal Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo Clinic
Missed menstrual periods may occur. If you suspect a pregnancy, you should stop taking this medicine immediately and call your doctor. Your doctor will let you know if you should continue taking the progestin.. If you are scheduled for any laboratory tests, tell your health care professional that you are taking a progestin. Progestins can change certain test results.. In some patients, tenderness, swelling, or bleeding of the gums may occur. Brushing and flossing your teeth carefully and regularly and massaging your gums may help prevent this. See your dentist regularly to have your teeth cleaned. Check with your medical doctor or dentist if you have any questions about how to take care of your teeth and gums, or if you notice any tenderness, swelling, or bleeding of your gums.. You will need to use a birth control method while taking progestins for noncontraceptive use if you are fertile and sexually active.. If you are using vaginal progesterone, avoid using other vaginal products for 6 hours ...
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/progestin-oral-route-parenteral-route-vaginal-route/description/drg-20069443?p=1
Talking Allergies • View topic - My RAST results - PA???Talking Allergies • View topic - My RAST results - PA???
Let me preface this by saying I am not a doctor!!, but my understanding is that neither the RAST or SPT (skin prick test) are an exact science. Our sons allergist (Dr. Susan Waserman) has told us that the only true definitive test is eating the food (oral ingestion). So, definitely get all the testing done, and be safe at all times, but I believe the true test is whether you can eat the food without reaction. Our son had tested positive to cottonseed oil (Im actually not sure why he had been tested for this); however, he had ingested cottonseed oil on many occasions, and had never reacted, so she told us this was the definitive test - oral ingestion. Sometimes Ive wondered if our avoidance of eating these foods (those of us not allergic) could lead to an intolerance or allergy to these foods), but so far, weve had no problem. I always have one of my sons Epipens in my purse, so I suppose Im always prepared if anyone has a reaction... maybe you could do the same, in the meantime (until ...
http://talkingallergies.allergicliving.com/viewtopic.php?p=43875
Comparison of Plasma and Intrapulmonary Concentrations of Nafithromycin (WCK 4873) in Healthy Adult Subjects | Antimicrobial...Comparison of Plasma and Intrapulmonary Concentrations of Nafithromycin (WCK 4873) in Healthy Adult Subjects | Antimicrobial...
The plasma concentration-time data observed in our study are similar to those observed in two preliminary reports describing the pharmacokinetics of orally administered nafithromycin in healthy subjects (17, 18). The mean ± SD Cmax of nafithromycin after the first dose of 800 mg in our study was 1.015 ± 0.314 mg/liter (at a mean time to Cmax [Tmax] of 3.97 h), whereas the reported range of mean Cmax values after a single dose was 0.932 to 1.207 mg/liter (at mean Tmax ranging from 3.88 to 4.0 h). Our observed value for the AUC from time zero extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-∞) after the first dose (12.89 ± 3.77 mg · h/liter) was consistent with the values observed in subjects who received a single 800-mg dose in the fasted (12.49 mg · h/liter) or fed (14.85 mg · h/liter) state or on the first day (AUC0-24, 11.99 mg · h/liter) of a multiple-dose study. Previously reported data provided evidence that the plasma exposure of nafithromycin was only mildly increased by food (AUC and Cmax were ...
https://aac.asm.org/content/61/9/e01096-17
Phosphate Supplement (Oral Route, Parenteral Route) Before Using - Mayo ClinicPhosphate Supplement (Oral Route, Parenteral Route) Before Using - Mayo Clinic
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking any of these dietary supplements, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.. Using dietary supplements in this class with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with dietary supplements in this class or change some of the other medicines you take.. ...
http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/phosphate-supplement-oral-route-parenteral-route/before-using/drg-20070193
Registration Dossier - ECHARegistration Dossier - ECHA
Repeated oral administration of the test substance in an OECD 407 study to rats provided a NOAEL of 10 mg/kg/day based on local effects observed in the stomach. In the available OECD 421 study, similar effects were observed in the stomach but also noted was fluorosis in the teeth at the high and intermediate doses which led to a NOAEL of 5 mg/kg/day. This indicates metabolism of the substance followed by systemic circulation with fluorine able to lead to fluorosis in the teeth. Based on the relatively low Log Kow values (,4.5), bioaccumulation of the test substance is not expected. Acute oral toxicity of the test substance was observed (LD50 500 mg/kg). No treatment related changes were observed in any of the developmental or reproductive parameters in the OECD 421 study, possibly indicating low adsorption through the placenta to directly affect the foetuses. Pups presented with low bodyweights compared to controls although this is considered a secondary effect of parental toxicity at the ...
https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/19888/7/2/1
Top 20 Chinese Universities for Business Administration Study - CHINESE GOVERNMENT SCHOLARSHIPTop 20 Chinese Universities for Business Administration Study - CHINESE GOVERNMENT SCHOLARSHIP
NB: Berdasar data tahun 2014 versi 中国校友会网版. Sumber: cuaa-badm No. 学校名称 University Name Location 1 清华大学 Tsinghua University Beijing 2 中国人民大学 Renmin University of China Beijing 3 中山大学 Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 4 西安交通大学 Xian Jiaotong University Xian 5 北京大学 Peking University Beijing 6 上海交通大学 Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 7 复旦大学 Fudan University Shanghai 8 武汉大学 Wuhan University…
https://beasiswachina.wordpress.com/top-20-chinese-universities-for-business-administration-study/
Oral Protein Supplement Lemon Lime, Proteinex - 16 oz. by Lorann OilsOral Protein Supplement Lemon Lime, Proteinex - 16 oz. by Lorann Oils
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PRESCRIBING INFORMATIONTABLOID®brand Thioguanine40-mg Scored Tablets - Drug label and information - Rx Drugs Info
Clinical studies have shown that the absorption of an oral dose of thioguanine in humans is incomplete and variable, averaging approximately 30% of the administered dose (range: 14% to 46%). Following oral administration of 35S-6-thioguanine, total plasma radioactivity reached a maximum at 8 hours and declined slowly thereafter. Parent drug represented only a very small fraction of the total plasma radioactivity at any time, being virtually undetectable throughout the period of measurements.. The oral administration of radiolabeled thioguanine revealed only trace quantities of parent drug in the urine. However, a methylated metabolite, 2-amino-6-methylthiopurine (MTG), appeared very early, rose to a maximum 6 to 8 hours after drug administration, and was still being excreted after 12 to 22 hours. Radiolabeled sulfate appeared somewhat later than MTG but was the principal metabolite after 8 hours. Thiouric acid and some unidentified products were found in the urine in small amounts. Intravenous ...
http://rxdrugsinfo.com/drug-info-label/tabloid
ParaldehydeParaldehyde
Intravenous administration can lead to pulmonary edema, circulatory collapse and other complications. Oral. Paraldehyde has a ... rubber and plastic which limits the time it may safely be kept in contact with some syringes or tubing before administration. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraldehyde
HordenineHordenine
These effects are generally not reproduced by oral administration of the drug in test animals, and virtually no scientific ... route of administration unspecified) Minimum lethal dose (as sulfate salt): 300 mg/kg (dog; IV); 2000 mg/kg (dog; oral); 250 mg ... After IV administration of the drug, the α-phase T1/2 was found to be about 3 mins., and the β-phase T1/2 was about 35 mins. ... More modern studies were carried out by Frank and coworkers, who reported that IV administration of 2 mg/kg of hordenine to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordenine
Young-Oak KimYoung-Oak Kim
"Go For Broke National Education Center >> Oral Histories >> Hanashi Oral History Program >> Podcasts". Go For Broke National ... National Archives and Records Administration. U.S. World War II Army Enlistment Records, 1938-1946 [database on-line]. Provo, ... Kim, Y. O., & Tsukano, J. (1986, April). Colonel Young Oak Kim Oral History. audio. ... Young Oak Kim Oral History. audio. Watanabe, B. (2009, May). Officials, Students and Community Leaders Dedicate Young Oak Kim ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young-Oak_Kim
Irish Manuscripts CommissionIrish Manuscripts Commission
ORAL ANSWERS. - MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION". Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas. 1928-10-17. Archived from the original on 7 ... Dublin: Institute of Public Administration. pp. 288-289. ISBN 0-906980-11-9. "Eoin MacNeill". UCD. Retrieved 2009-02-14. "Dáil ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Manuscripts_Commission
Irish Red Cross SocietyIrish Red Cross Society
Ireland, Administration Yearbook and Diary. Institute of Public Administration. 1980. p. 180. Lehane 2019 p.9 "'PD' Hogan ... Oral Answers.-Membership of Department of Defence Boards". Dáil Éireann (20th Dáil) debates. Houses of the Oireachtas. 28 March ... branches and units for command and administration purposes. There are four regions in the country each with a Regional Director ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Red_Cross_Society
Robert WertheimRobert Wertheim
Bob Wertheim on LinkedIn Wertheim, Robert (1981). "Wertheim, Robert H., Rear Adm., USN (Ret.)". Oral Histories (Interview). ... "Nationwide Gravesite Locator". National Cemetery Administration. United States Department of Veterans Affairs. Retrieved 22 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Wertheim
AspirinAspirin
Acetylsalicylic acid is a weak acid, and very little of it is ionized in the stomach after oral administration. Acetylsalicylic ... 2012). "Early administration of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of preterm and term preeclampsia: a systematic review and ... "Oral Aspirin information". First DataBank. Archived from the original on 18 September 2000. Retrieved 8 May 2008. Raithel M, ... Because of the risk of Reye's syndrome in children, in 1986, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) required labeling on all ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin
E-democracyE-democracy
Public Administration Review. 71 (3): 444-454. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02228.x. Oral, Behçet(2008). "Computers & Education ... Public Administration Review. 71 (3): 444-454. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02228.x. JSTOR 23017501. "The 'Occupy' Movement: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-democracy
Louisiana State UniversityLouisiana State University
"U.S. Naval Administration in World War II". HyperWar Foundation. 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2011. Thomas, Charles (March 8, ... Hebert, Mary (1995). "Remembering the Scandals". Oral History Newsletter. Vol. 3, no. 2. Archived from the original on August 4 ... It is the voice of the LSU student body on matters ranging from university administration to parking and transportation. In ... Around 3,000 LSU students volunteered during the months after Katrina, assisting with the administration of medical treatment ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana_State_University
Contraceptive trials in Puerto RicoContraceptive trials in Puerto Rico
The drug was approved as a female oral contraceptive, the first in the U.S., in May 1960. G.D. Searle and company profited ... Food and Drug Administration, Human subject research in the United States, Health in Puerto Rico, 1950s in Puerto Rico, History ... It was not approved as an oral contraceptive, although it was developed as such. The research team decided that Puerto Rico ... Fully one-third of the wage gains women have made since the 1960s are the result of access to oral contraceptives." ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraceptive_trials_in_Puerto_Rico
Federal Security AgencyFederal Security Agency
"Oral History Interview with Oscar R. Ewing." Oral History Interviews. Truman Presidential Library. May 1, 1969; Reorganization ... Drug and Insecticide Administration in 1927, renamed the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1931. Transferred to FSA in 1940 ... "Oral History Interview with Oscar R. Ewing." Oral History Interviews. Truman Presidential Library. May 1, 1969. Reorganization ... Social Security Administration U.S. Dept. of Education U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services U.S. Food and Drug ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Security_Agency
DrospirenoneDrospirenone
The oral bioavailability of drospirenone is between 66 and 85%. Peak levels occur 1 to 6 hours after an oral dose. Levels are ... There is 1.5- to 2-fold accumulation in drospirenone levels with continuous administration, with steady-state levels of ... The pharmacokinetics of oral drospirenone are linear with a single dose across a dose range of 1 to 10 mg. Intake of ... Oedingen C, Scholz S, Razum O (May 2018). "Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of combined oral ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drospirenone
Ed White (astronaut)Ed White (astronaut)
McDivitt, James (June 29, 1999). "Oral History Transcript" (PDF). National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Interviewed by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_White_(astronaut)
List of University of California, Berkeley alumni in politics and governmentList of University of California, Berkeley alumni in politics and government
Regional Oral History Office. Retrieved 14 April 2010. "Walter Gordon". footballfoundation.org. Retrieved 25 November 2020. ... Gordon, Walter (1976-1979). "Athlete, Officer in Law Enforcement and Administration, Governor of the Virgin Islands: Walter ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_University_of_California,_Berkeley_alumni_in_politics_and_government
Rita RappRita Rapp
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (1999). NASA Oral History Project. OCLC 951289471. "Fresh Fruit And Barbecued ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Rapp
TioproninTiopronin
"Tiopronin: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 18 June 2021. Carlsson MS, Denneberg T, ... Emanuelsson BM, Kågedal B, Lindgren S (August 1993). "Pharmacokinetics of oral tiopronin". European Journal of Clinical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiopronin
Harold FingerHarold Finger
In 1970, Finger was named a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration. He was also a fellow of the American ... "Interview with Harold Finger". NASA Oral History Project. Retrieved July 21, 2019. NASA Authorization for Fiscal Year 1967: ... the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which would absorb NACA. Silverstein moved to Washington, D.C., where ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Finger
Opioid use disorderOpioid use disorder
Methadone comes in a different forms: tablet, oral solution, or an injection. One of methadone's benefits is that it can last ... The administration introduced a strategic framework called the Five-Point Opioid Strategy, which includes providing access ... Ferri M, Minozzi S, Bo A, Amato L (June 2013). "Slow-release oral morphine as maintenance therapy for opioid dependence". The ... US DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Kosten TR, Haile CN. Opioid-Related Disorders. In: Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid_use_disorder
Cholera vaccineCholera vaccine
In 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Vaxchora, a single-dose oral vaccine to prevent cholera for ... "Vaxchora (Cholera vaccine, Live, Oral)" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 March ... The oral vaccines are generally of two forms: inactivated and attenuated. Inactivated oral vaccines provide protection in 52 ... "Dukoral suspension and effervescent granules for oral suspension, Cholera vaccine (inactivated, oral) - Summary of Product ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera_vaccine
IvacaftorIvacaftor
Following oral administration, the majority of ivacaftor (87.8%) is eliminated in the faeces after metabolic conversion. The ... "Orkambi (lumacaftor/ivacaftor) Oral Tablet". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 21 November 2019. Archived from the ... It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in January 2012. It is one of the most expensive drugs, costing ... The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ivacaftor in January 2012, and soon afterwards so too did the European ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivacaftor
Maryland Route 122Maryland Route 122
February 1997). "Jack S. Futterman Oral History". Social Security Administration. Retrieved 2012-02-08. Maryland State Roads ... Maryland State Highway Administration. Maryland State Highway Administration (1991). Maryland: Official Highway Map (PDF) (Map ... MD 122 serves the headquarters of the Social Security Administration and connects the agency with Interstate 70 (I-70), I-695, ... Maryland State Highway Administration. Retrieved 2012-02-07. Baltimore County (PDF). Google (2012-02-07). "Maryland Route 122 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Route_122
Uridine triacetateUridine triacetate
"Xuriden (uridine triacetate) oral granules". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 8 October 2015. Archived from the ... It was granted breakthrough therapy designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and approved for use in the ... "Previous Cumulative CY CDER BT Approvals" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 8 ... "Drug Trials Snapshots: Xuriden". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 4 September 2015. Archived from the original on 8 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uridine_triacetate
SanguinariaSanguinaria
Food and Drug Administration listed some of these products among its "187 Fake Cancer 'Cures' Consumers Should Avoid". Oral use ... Bouquot, Brad W. Neville , Douglas D. Damm, Carl M. Allen, Jerry E. (2002). Oral & maxillofacial pathology (2nd ed.). ... Ic, Munro; Es, Delzell; Er, Nestmann; Bs, Lynch (30 December 1999). "Viadent Usage and Oral Leukoplakia: A Spurious Association ... which is a premalignant lesion that may develop into oral cancer, although one review disputed this finding. Viadent, a dental ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanguinaria
Extended cycle combined hormonal contraceptiveExtended cycle combined hormonal contraceptive
"FDA Approves Seasonale Oral Contraceptive". United States Food and Drug Administration. September 5, 2003. Archived from the ... Use of oral contraceptive can impair muscle gains in young women. The metabolic impact of oral contraceptives are significant ... Extended or continuous cycle combined oral contraceptive pills are a packaging of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) ... Oral Contraceptive Pills are also effective in Hidradenitis Suppurativa. There is also limited evidence for benefit of Combined ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_cycle_combined_hormonal_contraceptive
AmbazoneAmbazone
... can be administered via oral or I.V. administration, but the problem with oral administration is that one experimental ... Ambazone is an oral antiseptic. Ambazon was patented in 1957 by Bayer under the trade name Iversal, and briefly used in Germany ... It has not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Ambazone can be obtained in a two step ... doses up to 10-5 mol/kg and oral doses up to 10-3 mol/kg. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambazone
PentobarbitalPentobarbital
Oral administration is also used. A Swiss pharmacist reported in 2022 that the dose for assisted suicide had been raised to 15 ... Pentobarbital in oral (pill) form is no longer commercially available. Typical applications for pentobarbital are sedative, ... In the Netherlands, it is part of the standard protocol for physician-assisted suicide for self-administration by the patient. ... Administration of ethanol, benzodiazepines, opioids, antihistamines, other sedative-hypnotics, and other central nervous system ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentobarbital
List of poisonous plantsList of poisonous plants
"Oral Leukoplakia: Patient Information" (PDF). American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2005. Letter to FDA, ... United States Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 11 July 2009. "Rhurbarb poisoning on rhurbabinfo.com". GW Pucher, AJ ... Kuftinec MM, Mueller-Joseph LJ, Kopczyk RA (1990). "Sanguinaria toothpaste and oral rinse regimen clinical efficacy in short- ... "187 Fake Cancer "Cures" Consumers Should Avoid". United States Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 15 April 2010. Nolan, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_poisonous_plants
DidanosineDidanosine
... pediatric powder for oral solution". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. July 2000. "Didanosine Videx - Treatment - National HIV ... "NIH Oral History of Samuel Broder describing development of AIDS drugs". Office of NIH History. February 2, 1997. "NIH Oral ... Oral absorption of didanosine is fairly low (42%) but rapid. Food substantially reduces didanosine bioavailability, and the ... Administration with drugs with overlapping toxicity, such as zalcitabine and stavudine, is not recommended. Alcohol can ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didanosine
William A. EmersonWilliam A. Emerson
"William Emerson Oral History: Vets on Campus". Florida Goes to War: The Sunshine State in World War II. Florida Humanities ... The Warrington College of Business Administration named a professorship after him. In 2000, he and his wife donated $3 million ... "William Emerson Oral History: Pearl Harbor". Florida Goes to War: The Sunshine State in World War II. Florida Humanities ... "William Emerson Oral History: Okinawa". Florida Goes to War: The Sunshine State in World War II. Florida Humanities Council. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_A._Emerson
Jameel JafferJameel Jaffer
The Rule of Law Oral History Project. Columbia Center for Oral History. Retrieved July 5, 2020. Iain Marlow (2009-08-30). "How ... "Administration of torture". American Civil Liberties Union. Archived from the original on 2007-10-21. "Outgoing ACLU Director ... In 2006, Jaffer filed a case challenging the Bush administration's refusal to issue a visa to Tariq Ramadan, a well-known ... After that ruling, the Obama administration reversed the exclusion of Dr. Ramadan and issued him a visa. In 2012 and 2013, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jameel_Jaffer
ആസ്പിരിൻ - വിക്കിപീഡിയആസ്പിരിൻ - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
administration. Most commonly oral, also rectal. Lysine acetylsalicylate may be given IV or IM. ...
https://ml.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ആസ്പിരിൻ
CholineCholine
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed DVs to help consumers compare the nutrient contents of foods and dietary ... 3-6 g/kg bw, rats, oral[1]. Safety data sheet (SDS) 4 ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choline
Racial achievement gap in the United StatesRacial achievement gap in the United States
In 2010, the Obama Administration instituted the Race to the Top (RTTT) program which provides financial incentives to states ... and African American heritage arrive to kindergarten and first grade with lower levels of oral language, reading, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_achievement_gap_in_the_United_States
University of SydneyUniversity of Sydney
"Grimshaw completes 'gateway' administration building for University of Sydney". ArchitectureAU. Archived from the original on 5 ... Sydney Dental Hospital located in Surry Hills and the Westmead Centre for Oral Health is attached to Westmead Hospital. ... and the construction of a central administration and student services building along City Road. A new building for the School ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Sydney
Duala peopleDuala people
British and French administrations[edit]. In 1918, Germany lost World War I, and her colonies became mandates of the League of ... Early Duala history may only be conjectured from oral traditions. The Duala trace their ancestry back to a man named Mbedi, who ... The latter king resisted and refused until his death to cooperate with the German administration, which he did not trust. ... when the German administration initiated a new poll tax, attempted to seize lands in Douala township, and then tried to oust ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duala_people
CannabinoidCannabinoid
Nabiximols (brand name Sativex) is an aerosolized mist for oral administration containing a near 1:1 ratio of CBD and THC.[44] ... US Food and Drug Administration. September 2004. Retrieved 14 January 2018.. *^ "Cannabis and Cannabinoids". National Cancer ... The CBD drug Epidiolex has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of two rare and severe forms of ... Drug and Chemical Evaluation Section, Office of Diversion Control, Drug Enforcement Administration. December 2014. Archived ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocannabinoids
LiliʻuokalaniLiliʻuokalani
29, 1971 in Hawaii". Honolulu: Watumull Foundation Oral History Project. hdl:10524/48627.. {{cite journal}}. : Cite journal ... The Cleveland administration commissioned James Henderson Blount to investigate the overthrow. He interviewed those involved in ... Liliuokalani's extreme position lost her the goodwill of the Cleveland administration.[126] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liliuokalani
Mkimbizi, kamusi elezo huruMkimbizi, kamusi elezo huru
The site of the Refugee Communities History Project is full of oral history in mp3 format. The project won the 2006 Charity ... "United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration," The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, © 1994, 2000-2005, on ...
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mkimbizi
Bruce K. AlexanderBruce K. Alexander
Petrie, B. F (2016). "Environment is not the Most Important Variable in Determining Oral Morphine Consumption in Wistar Rats". ... "Influence of housing conditions on the acquisition of intravenous heroin and cocaine self-administration in rats". Pharmacology ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_K._Alexander
Writing across the curriculumWriting across the curriculum
The University School of Business Administration (EAN) of Bogotá, Colombia, conducted a study where students took courses for ... Those discussions led to the articulation of learning outcomes for both writing and oral communication. The departments then ... Courses offered for writing in the discipline included: Introduction to Administration, Principles and Theories of ... is implemented at all departments and schools unlike the WID program at The University School of Business Administration (EAN) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writing_Across_the_Curriculum
BerbersBerbers
The medieval Tunisian historian Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406), recounting the oral traditions prevalent in his day, sets down two ... a former officer of the Spanish administration. In July 1921, the Spanish army in northeastern Morocco, under Manuel Silvestre ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_people
Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.
Text of Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc., 515 U.S. 618 (1995) is available from: Cornell Findlaw Justia Oyez (oral argument ... "negatively affects the administration of justice," and hence also the reputation of lawyers as a whole. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Bar_v._Went_For_It,_Inc.
সোডিয়াম বাইকার্বনেট - উইকিপিডিয়াসোডিয়াম বাইকার্বনেট - উইকিপিডিয়া
administration Intravenous, oral তাপ রসায়নবিদ্যা তাপ ধারকত্ব, C 87.61 J/mol K ...
https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/সোডিয়াম_বাইকার্বনেট
Specialty drugs in the United StatesSpecialty drugs in the United States
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. High touch[edit]. Some specialty drugs can be oral medications or self-administered ... Elias, Eve Carolyn (May 2011). Analysis of out-of-pocket expenditures of oral oncologics for Tennessee recipients of Medicare ... or administration) or, Patient management prior to or following administration (monitoring, disease or therapeutic support ... By 2011 the oral medications for cancer patients represented approximately 35% of cancer medications. Prior to the increase in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialty_drugs
Eric LanderEric Lander
In December 2008, Lander and Harold E. Varmus were named co-chairs of the Obama administration's Council of Advisors on Science ... "Oral History , James D. Watson , Personality & Influence , Eric Lander on Spirituality & Science". Library.cshl.edu. June 2, ... Lander announced he would resign from the Biden Administration effective February 18, 2022 after allegations surfaced he had ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Lander
HidromorfonHidromorfon
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydromorphone following intravenous and oral administration to human subjects. J Clin ...
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidromorfon
EstradiolEstradiol
administration. Oral, sublingual, intranasal, topical/transdermal, vaginal, intramuscular or subcutaneous (as an ester), ... "Single-dose pharmacokinetics of sublingual versus oral administration of micronized 17 beta-estradiol". Obstetrics and ... Oral contraceptive (anovulatory). 30-100 µg/day. 100-160 µg/day. 320-640 µg/day. 300 µg/day. ?. 40-60 pg/mL. 60-100 pg/mL. 200- ... Oral: 13-20 hours[3]. Sublingual: 8-18 hours[5]. Topical (gel): 36.5 hours[6]. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol
Interstitial cystitisInterstitial cystitis
Oral medications like pentosan polysulfate and medications placed directly into the bladder via a catheter sometimes work to ... "Social Security Administration. Archived from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 16 October 2012.. ... Oral pentosan polysulfate is believed to repair the protective glycosaminoglycan coating of the bladder, but studies have ... Second-line treatments - physical therapy, oral medications (amitriptyline, cimetidine or hydroxyzine, pentosan polysulfate), ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_cystitis
Montgomery bus boycottMontgomery bus boycott
United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (October 17, 2013). "The Road to Civil Rights: ... includes oral history interviews and materials concerning Montgomery Bus Boycott ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_bus_boycott
Infusion pumpInfusion pump
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has launched a comprehensive initiative to improve their safety, called the Infusion Pump ... with the device coded to stop administration before a dose that may cause hazardous respiratory depression is reached. ... and the needed pressure varies with the administration route, potentially causing risk when attempted by an individual not ... Routes of administration, dosage forms. Oral. Digestive tract (enteral). Solids. *Tablet. *Capsule ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infusion_pump
Nervi - Viquipèdia, lenciclopèdia lliureNervi - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure
A Case Report on a Rare but Serious Debilitating Side-Effect of Fluoroquinolone Administration» (en anglès). J Investig Med ... Souza, LB; Oliveira, JMB; Freitas, TMC; Carvalho, RA «Neurofibroma paciniano: relato de um caso raro de localização intra-oral ... Report of the First Oral Case and Review of the Literature» (en anglès). Head Neck Pathol, 2018 Mar; 12 (1), pp: 75-81. DOI: ... òssies de la cavitat oral, amb expressió del gen fusionat BCR-ABL detectada per FISH.[224] ...
https://ca.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innervació
AmylopectinAmylopectin
Principles relating to route of administration, metabolism, site of specific targeting, and toxicity are most important within ... "A novel oral colon-targeting drug delivery system based on resistant starch acetate". Journal of Controlled Release. 152: e51- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylopectin
Dopamine agonistDopamine agonist
Oral, 0.25 mg 3x/day (IR) Oral, 2 mg/day (ER) 5-6 hours 10-40% 1-2 hours Hepatic, via P450 CYP1A2 - can increase ↑ INR Renal , ... Apomorphine had limited use since it had considerable side effects and difficulty with administration. In 1974 bromocriptine ... Pergolide has a long half-life of about 27 hours and reaches a mean peak plasma level in about 2-3 hours after a single oral ... Bromocriptine reaches mean peak plasma levels in about 1-1.5 hours after a single oral dose. The drug has high protein binding ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_agonist
Ezra Taft BensonEzra Taft Benson
... Oral History finding aid, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library Archived January 14, 2009, at the Wayback ... In particular, he objected to farm subsidies, and efforts by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration to raise prices by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson
Test of English as a Foreign LanguageTest of English as a Foreign Language
The TOEFL PBT administrations include a writing test called the Test of Written English (TWE). This is one essay question with ... Oral interpreter for spoken directions only. *Oral interpreter for Listening section only ... This council recommended the development and administration of the TOEFL exam for the 1963-1965 timings .[6] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOEFL
De OratoreDe Oratore
After Roman peace had been established, it seemed as though everyone wanted to begin learning the eloquence of oral rhetoric. ... of State administration and of civil right. Scaevola knows well that Crassus has a wise knowledge of all these matters and he ... Can an advocate speak on legislation if he does not know law or how the administration process works? ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Oratore
NeutropeniaNeutropenia
The administration of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) has had some success in treating neutropenias of alloimmune and ... Agranulocytosis can be presented as whitish or greyish necrotic ulcer in oral cavity, without any sign of inflammation. ... In general, the most common oral manifestations of neutropenia include ulcer, gingivitis, and periodontitis. ... "Oral manifestations of cyclic neutropenia in a Japanese child: case report with a 5-year follow-up" (PDF). Pediatric Dentistry ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutropenia
Sonam RaptenSonam Rapten
... responsible for political administration'.[88] Stein goes so far as to say that he was nominated by Gushri as a governor and ' ... to give the courier an additional oral message that contradicts and overrides the written one.[67] ... the administration of the entire country was fundamentally re-organised by "the brilliant trio" of the "Great Fifth" Dalai Lama ... "neither interfered in the administration nor tried to control its policies. All power and authority ultimately lay in the hands ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonam_Rapten
Rahway High SchoolRahway High School
Administration[edit]. The school's principal is Dr. Cary Fields[35] Her administration team includes two vice principals: Dr. ... Oral history interview with Carl Sagan, 1991 August 27., American Institute of Physics. Accessed October 20, 2014. "Interview ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahway_High_School
Thiamine - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThiamine - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Plasma thiamine concentrations after intramuscular and oral multiple dosage regimens in healthy men". European Journal of ... administration. by mouth, IV, IM[1]. Drug class. vitamin. ATC code. *cation: A11DA01 (WHO) ...
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiamine
Oral administration - WikipediaOral administration - Wikipedia
Oral administration is a route of administration where a substance is taken through the mouth. Per os abbreviated to P.O. is ... Oral administration includes: Buccal, dissolved inside the cheek Sublabial, dissolved under the lip Sublingual administration ( ... ISBN 978-0-203-49024-2. TheFreeDictionary > oral administration of medication Citing: Mosbys Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. ... "Oral medications". Informed Health Online. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Retrieved 22 June 2013. Hunnius ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_administration
Search: 1960s, Administration | The Pembroke Center Oral History ProjectSearch: 1960s, Administration | The Pembroke Center Oral History Project
In this interview, Dr. Rosemary Pierrel Sorrentino describes her leadership as Dean of Pembroke from 1961 through 1972. Dr. Sorrentino, or Dean Pierrel as she was known to Pembrokers, reviews the rapidly changing societal norms, her perceptions of the demands upon Pembroke and upon her role as Dean, and the failure of leadership that led to the abrupt end of Pembroke College as an administrative unit within Brown University. She is quite candid about her opinions and her colleagues. She notes that shared values began to erode after 1966-67 ...
https://www.brown.edu/initiatives/pembroke-oral-histories/search/results/taxonomy%3A88%2C94
Israeli Oral Administration Industry 2022-2026Israeli Oral Administration Industry 2022-2026
... Sign up to access reports from top industry experts and key market statistics. ...
https://www.reportlinker.com/report-summary/Drug-Delivery/251013/Israeli-Oral-Administration-Industry.html
Clinical Trial: Oral THC Administration Associated with Opioid-Sparing Effects - NORMLClinical Trial: Oral THC Administration Associated with Opioid-Sparing Effects - NORML
Clinical Trial: Oral THC Administration Associated with Opioid-Sparing Effects. * by Paul Armentano, NORML Deputy Director ... Home,2020,Clinical Trial: Oral THC Administration Associated with Opioid-Sparing Effects ... Trauma patients administered oral THC consume fewer opioids than do similarly matched controls, according to clinical trial ... Authors reported that patients administered oral THC experienced a "nine-fold greater reduction in opioid consumption" compared ...
https://norml.org/blog/2020/02/25/clinical-trial-oral-thc-administration-associated-with-opioid-sparing-effects/
Liberation of hydrogen from gastric acid following administration of oral magnesiumLiberation of hydrogen from gastric acid following administration of oral magnesium
... Dig Dis Sci. 1985 Dec;30(12):1127-33. doi: ... Administration of oral magnesium up to 200 mg was not associated with any untoward effects. We conclude that magnesium led to ... In group II we gave oral betazole and used a constant dose of 150 mg of magnesium. In both groups we consistently detected ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2998715/
Exposure-Response Analyses of Letermovir Following Oral and Intravenous Administration in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell...Exposure-Response Analyses of Letermovir Following Oral and Intravenous Administration in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell...
Exposure-Response Analyses of Letermovir Following Oral and Intravenous Administration in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell ...
https://www.merck.com/publication/exposure-response-analyses-of-letermovir-following-oral-and-intravenous-administration-in-allogeneic-hematopoietic-cell-transplantation-recipients/
ADA Encourages Biden Administration to Focus on Oral Health - Dentistry TodayADA Encourages Biden Administration to Focus on Oral Health - Dentistry Today
The ADA is encouraging the incoming Biden Administration to prioritize access to oral healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. ... gum disease infection control inflammation insurance marketing Medicaid online oral cancer Oral health Oral healthcare oral ... ADA Encourages Biden Administration to Focus on Oral Health Dentistry Today December 3, 20202 Mins read788 Views ... The ADA is encouraging the incoming Biden Administration to prioritize access to oral healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. ...
https://www.dentistrytoday.com/ada-encourages-biden-administration-to-focus-on-oral-health/
Oral administration of iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin-loaded | IJNOral administration of iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin-loaded | IJN
Keywords: oral delivery, Fe-bLf, miRNA, xenograft, breast cancer ... Oral administration of iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin-loaded ... Oral administration of iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin-loaded ceramic nanocapsules for breast cancer therapy and influence on ... alginate was declared generally regarded as safe for oral administration/consumption by the US Food and Drug Administration in ... We aimed to develop a nanoformulated neutraceutical controlled-release oral therapy for breast cancer. Calcium phosphate is ...
https://www.dovepress.com/oral-administration-of-iron-saturated-bovine-lactoferrinndashloaded-ce-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN
A review of current recommendations for the organization and administration of community oral health services in Northern and...A review of current recommendations for the organization and administration of community oral health services in Northern and...
A review of current recommendations for the organization and administration of community oral health services in Northern and ... 1983)‎. A review of current recommendations for the organization and administration of community oral health services in ... The Workshop aimed at revising the delivery of oral health care and training of manpower in the subregion following growing ... evidence of rapid changes in oral disease patterns in these countries.. Citation. World Health Organization. Regional Office ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/343066
Biopolymer-Based Nanoparticle Smart Drug Delivery Systems and their Biopharmaceutical Application by Oral Administration |...Biopolymer-Based Nanoparticle "Smart" Drug Delivery Systems and their Biopharmaceutical Application by Oral Administration |...
... advanced delivery systems of therapeutic biomacromolecules for oral administration. To this end, nanoparticles will be harne... ... after oral administration in a rat model.the biopharmaceutical performance will be evaluated after oral administration in a rat ... Biopolymer-Based Nanoparticle "Smart" Drug Delivery Systems and their Biopharmaceutical Application by Oral Administration. ... advanced delivery systems of therapeutic biomacromolecules for oral administration. To this end, nanoparticles will be ...
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/221111
Intravenous Steroid Days and Predictors of Early Oral Steroid Administration in Tuberculous Meningitis: A Retrospective Study...Intravenous Steroid Days and Predictors of Early Oral Steroid Administration in Tuberculous Meningitis: A Retrospective Study...
We shifted TBM patients to oral steroids after 48 hours of sustained improvement on IV steroids (oral group). Patients who ... The median IV steroid days were 9 days (interquartile range of 4-12; 2-3.5 days in the oral group and 10-11.5 days in the ... Presence of basal exudates and tuberculoma may favor early shifting from IV to oral steroid, whereas higher mRS may require a ... Once they showed a consistent improvement for 48 hours, the IV steroids were overlapped with oral steroids for 7-10 days to ...
https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/101/5/article-p1083.xml?rskey=vL23pd&result=1
RRC: Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetics in southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) after oral administration
Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetics in southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) after oral administration. ...
http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/index.php?act=refs&CODE=ref_detail&id=1641460743
Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 8294 : Pharmacokinetics of m-chlorophenylpiperazine after intravenous and oral administration in...Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 8294 : Pharmacokinetics of m-chlorophenylpiperazine after intravenous and oral administration in...
Rao ML Pharmacokinetics of m-chlorophenylpiperazine after intravenous and oral administration in healthy male volunteers: ... "Pharmacokinetics of m-chlorophenylpiperazine after intravenous and oral administration in healthy male volunteers: implication ... "Pharmacokinetics of m-chlorophenylpiperazine after intravenous and oral administration in healthy male volunteers: implication ...
https://www.erowid.org/references/refs_view.php?ID=8294&S=meta-chlorophenylpiperazine%20OR%20mcpp%20OR%20m-chlorophenylpiperazine381
Effects of oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on serum concentrations of thyroid gland hormones and responses to...Effects of oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on serum concentrations of thyroid gland hormones and responses to...
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Administration of levothyroxine sodium increased serum tT4 concentrations and blunted ... Effects of oral administration of levothyroxine sodium on serum concentrations of thyroid gland hormones and responses to ... Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Administration of levothyroxine sodium increased serum tT4 concentrations and blunted ... Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Administration of levothyroxine sodium increased serum tT4 concentrations and blunted ...
https://avmajournals.avma.org/abstract/journals/ajvr/66/6/ajvr.2005.66.1025.xml
Pharmaceutical Composition for Oral Insulin Administration Comprising a Tablet Core and an Anionic Copolymer Coating - Patent...Pharmaceutical Composition for Oral Insulin Administration Comprising a Tablet Core and an Anionic Copolymer Coating - Patent...
US-2016193154-A1 chemical patent summary.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/patent/US-2016193154-A1
Oral administration of active vitamin D metabolites to low birthweight infants. | Archives of Disease in ChildhoodOral administration of active vitamin D metabolites to low birthweight infants. | Archives of Disease in Childhood
... are adequately absorbed after oral administration in the preterm infant. The absorption pattern is similar to that seen in ...
https://adc.bmj.com/content/61/8/795
Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes | British...Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes | British...
Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes. British J ... Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes ... Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes ... The research article in the BJSM(1)this month entitled Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 ...
https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/44/4/222.responses
Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration of a single dose to Hispaniolan Amazon...Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration of a single dose to Hispaniolan Amazon...
... or oral administration. After oral administration, meloxicam concentration slowly reached the target plasma concentration, but ... or oral administration. After oral administration, meloxicam concentration slowly reached the target plasma concentration, but ... but was lower after oral administration (range, 49% to 75%). Elimination half-lives after IV, IM, and oral administration were ... but was lower after oral administration (range, 49% to 75%). Elimination half-lives after IV, IM, and oral administration were ...
https://avmajournals.avma.org/abstract/journals/ajvr/74/3/ajvr.74.3.375.xml
Assessment of Behavioural Changes Associated with Oral Meloxicam Administration at Dehorning in Calves | The Cattle Site Assessment of Behavioural Changes Associated with Oral Meloxicam Administration at Dehorning in Calves | The Cattle Site
Assessment of behavioral changes associated with oral meloxicam administration at time of dehorning in calves using a remote ... Assessment of Behavioural Changes Associated with Oral Meloxicam Administration at Dehorning in Calves Using accelerometers and ... The noted behavioural changes provide evidence of differences associated with meloxicam administration, concluded Theurer and ... Iowa State University and JBS USA explain that the objective of their study was to determine the effects of oral meloxicam, a ...
https://www.thecattlesite.com/articles/3177/assessment-of-behavioural-changes-associated-with-oral-meloxicam-administration-at-dehorning-in-calves
Intraluminal administration of poly I:C causes an enteropathy that is exacerbated by administration of oral dietary antigenIntraluminal administration of poly I:C causes an enteropathy that is exacerbated by administration of oral dietary antigen
... . ... Intraluminal administration of poly I:C causes an enteropathy that is exacerbated by administration of oral dietary antigen; ... and this was prolonged by concomitant oral administration of gliadin. Our results indicate that small intestine pathology can ... be induced in mice by intraluminal administration of poly I:C and that this is exacerbated by subsequent oral delivery of a ...
https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/8302
Oral administration of Ag suppresses Ag-induced allergic conjunctivitis in mice: critical timing and dose of Ag | British...Oral administration of Ag suppresses Ag-induced allergic conjunctivitis in mice: critical timing and dose of Ag | British...
Oral administration of Ag suppresses Ag-induced allergic conjunctivitis in mice: critical timing and dose of Ag ... Oral administration of Ag suppresses Ag-induced allergic conjunctivitis in mice: critical timing and dose of Ag ... Oral administration of Ag suppresses Ag-induced allergic conjunctivitis in mice: critical timing and dose of Ag ...
https://bjo.bmj.com/content/97/4/492.citation-tools
Variability in hydrocortisone plasma and saliva pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration to patients with...Variability in hydrocortisone plasma and saliva pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration to patients with...
After oral administration, Cmax ranged from 422 to 1554 nmol/l, AUC 1081-5471 nmol h/l and oral clearance had a median (range) ... Variability in hydrocortisone plasma and saliva pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration to patients with ... pharmacokinetics, hydrocortisone plasma, saliva, oral administration, adrenal insufficiency, Bioengineering, Physiology, ... 6 h after oral administration (r2 = 0·16). The wide interindividual variability in plasma and salivary profiles of cortisol ...
https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/8233/
ZARONTIN® Oral Solution Dosage and Administration (ethosuximide) | Pfizer Medical Information - USZARONTIN® Oral Solution Dosage and Administration (ethosuximide) | Pfizer Medical Information - US
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Zarontin is administered by the oral route. The initial dose for patients 3 to 6 years of age is one ... Dosage and Administration DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. Zarontin is administered by the oral route. The initial dose for patients ... DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. Zarontin is administered by the oral route. The initial dose for patients 3 to 6 years of age is one ... ZARONTIN® Oral Solution Quick Finder *. Pfizer samples (for eligible HCPs) Requests for samples of prescription medications can ...
https://www.pfizermedicalinformation.com/en-us/zarontin-oral-solution/dosage-admin
ACIP Vaccine Administration Guidelines for Immunization | CDCACIP Vaccine Administration Guidelines for Immunization | CDC
Vaccine Administration: General Best Practice Guidelines for Immunization. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) ... Oral Route. Rotavirus, adenovirus, cholera vaccine, and oral typhoid vaccines are the only vaccines administered orally in the ... TABLE 6-1. Dose and route of administration for selected vaccines. Dose and route of administration for selected vaccines. ... Route of Administration. Injectable Route. Routes of administration are recommended by the manufacturer for each immunobiologic ...
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/administration.html
Mucosal stimulation following oral administration of emu oil represents a process of normal intestinal growth in rats -...
Mucosal stimulation following oral administration of emu oil represents a process of normal intestinal growth in rats. ... Dive into the research topics of Mucosal stimulation following oral administration of emu oil represents a process of normal ...
https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/mucosal-stimulation-following-oral-administration-of-emu-oil-repr/fingerprints/
Oral administration of taheebo (Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb.) water extract prevents DSS-induced colitis in mice by...Oral administration of taheebo (Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb.) water extract prevents DSS-induced colitis in mice by...
Lastly, adopting a method for dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, we investigated whether the oral administration of ... From: Oral administration of taheebo (Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb.) water extract prevents DSS-induced colitis in ...
https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-017-1952-4/figures/3
Cyclosporine metabolism and pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration in the dog - Fingerprint -...
Dive into the research topics of Cyclosporine metabolism and pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration in ... Cyclosporine metabolism and pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration in the dog. ...
https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/cyclosporine-metabolism-and-pharmacokinetics-following-intravenou/fingerprints/
Interviewees | Ad Hoc Tribunals Oral History Project | Programs in International Justice and Society | Brandeis UniversityInterviewees | Ad Hoc Tribunals Oral History Project | Programs in International Justice and Society | Brandeis University
Administration. * Isabelle Lambert (France), Personal Assistant to the ICTY Registrar (1994-2009); Temporary Personal Assistant ... David Falces (U.S.), ICTY Information Technology specialist (1994-2010); current ICTY Chief of Administration. ...
https://www.brandeis.edu/ethics/international-justice/oral-history/interviews/index.html
Acute Pyelonephritis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Antibiotic Selection, Outpatient TreatmentAcute Pyelonephritis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Antibiotic Selection, Outpatient Treatment
Oral versus parenteral administration. Growing data suggest that oral antibiotic therapy, parenteral antibiotic therapy, and ... One prospective study supports using oral therapy alone in patients who can tolerate oral intake, lack signs of sepsis, and do ... To be considered for oral therapy, patients must meet several prerequisites. They must, of course, be able to tolerate oral ... Cruz C, Spina L. Are Oral Antibiotics as Effective as a Combination of Intravenous and Oral Antibiotics for Kidney Infections ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/245559-20012/what-is-the-role-of-analgesics-in-the-treatment-of-acute-pyelonephritis-kidney-infection
Acute Pyelonephritis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Antibiotic Selection, Outpatient TreatmentAcute Pyelonephritis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Antibiotic Selection, Outpatient Treatment
Oral versus parenteral administration. Growing data suggest that oral antibiotic therapy, parenteral antibiotic therapy, and ... One prospective study supports using oral therapy alone in patients who can tolerate oral intake, lack signs of sepsis, and do ... To be considered for oral therapy, patients must meet several prerequisites. They must, of course, be able to tolerate oral ... Cruz C, Spina L. Are Oral Antibiotics as Effective as a Combination of Intravenous and Oral Antibiotics for Kidney Infections ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/245559-20019/which-factors-should-be-considered-when-choosing-an-empirical-antibiotic-regimen-for-acute-pyelonephritis-kidney-infection
RouteRatsPharmacokineticsDoseBioavailabilityDosage and Administration2022ConcentrationsTabletsMucosalDosesAbsorption2020Insulin2021MetabolismMedicationsIntramuscularSquamous Cell CarcChronicTabletGavageIntranasalTaking oral chemotherapyVaccineAdultSearchCholeraRecombinantSubcutaneousMarket is segmentedDRUGAdultsPredictorsTreatmentCorticosteroidEffectsPatientsAccess to oral healthcareSupplementationRoutes of AdministratIncreasesOrallyToxicityDrugsSyringesSignificantlySerumHealth centersClinicalExposureTherapeuticVersusCapsulePediatricMedication AdministrationFoodInjectionControlled substances
Route5
  • Oral administration is a route of administration where a substance is taken through the mouth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Zarontin is administered by the oral route. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Based on rout of administration, the market is segmented into oral route and parenteral route.oral route is further segmented into tablets & capsules, syrups and powder.parenteral route is further segmented into intravenous and subcutaneous. (straitsresearch.com)
  • oral route is expected to hold major market share owing to dose flexibility and acceptable size and volume. (straitsresearch.com)
  • The route of drug delivery is an important consideration in studies that evaluate the long-term biobehavioral adaptations that occur in response to chronic drug administration. (uky.edu)
Rats10
  • Interestingly, the promising in vitro behavior of this insulin-loaded nanosystem was translated into a moderate hypoglycemic response (≈ 20−30 %) following intestinal administration to rats. (usc.es)
  • First, a single oral-dose of RWPS (300 mg/kg body weight) was administered to healthyWistar rats (n = 6) and several phenolic acids were determined post-RWPS intake in plasma (0, 2 and 4 h) and urine (−3 to 0, 0-3 and 3-6 h). (ubu.es)
  • Effect Of Oral Administration Of Aluminium Chloride On The Hippocampus (Brain) Of Wistar Rats with abstract, chapters 1-5, references, and questionnaire. (eduprojecttopics.com)
  • The study of the effect of oral administration of aluminium chloride on the Hippocampus of wistar rats was carried out in order to ascertain whether the small daily amount of aluminium that gain access to the body produce any accumulation damage to the hippocampus and if there is any association between drinking water containing aluminium and brain damage. (eduprojecttopics.com)
  • Objective: Time-dependence of tissue distribution of selegiline following per os administration to rats. (elsevier.com)
  • Method: Oral administration of radiolabeled selegiline to rats resulted in a pattern of tissue distribution similar to that following intraperitoneal injection. (elsevier.com)
  • In an acute oral toxicity study, five groups of ten rats (5 males and 5 females) were given a single dose of the appropriate amount of diesel fuel (marketplace sample) (2.5, 5.0, 10, 15, or 20 mL/kg) via oral gavage. (europa.eu)
  • Antiandrogenic activity was observed in rats following repeated administration of doses from 10 to 100 mg/kg. (fda.gov)
  • Biochemical and histopathological responses of Wistar rats to oral intake of microcystins and cyanobacterial biomass. (nel.edu)
  • Mehta, Asha and Desphande, Nikita, "The effect of the modified-SPS model on ethanol oral self-administration in rats" (2017). (furman.edu)
Pharmacokinetics3
  • The pharmacokinetics of L-tryptophan following its intravenous and oral administration. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The pharmacokinetics of L-tryptophan (5 g and 7.5 g) have been studied after its intravenous administration to healthy subjects and the results compared with those obtained after oral administration (0.7 g-3.5 g). (ox.ac.uk)
  • The pharmacokinetics of tryptophan after intravenous administration of 5 g and 7.5 g were similar to those after the oral administration of 25 and 50 mg kg-1 (i.e. 1.75 g and 3.5 g). (ox.ac.uk)
Dose12
  • In group II we gave oral betazole and used a constant dose of 150 mg of magnesium. (nih.gov)
  • Single-dose vials and manufacturer-filled syringes are designed for single-dose administration and should be discarded if vaccine has been withdrawn or reconstituted and subsequently not used within the time frame specified by the manufacturer. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, they must be treated initially in the emergency department (ED) with vigorous oral or intravenous (IV) fluids, antipyretic pain medication, and a dose of parenteral antibiotics. (medscape.com)
  • As nearly everyone who have ever been prescribed an oral medication knows, it is easy to miss a dose. (sharecare.com)
  • after oral dose were accessed. (researchgate.net)
  • Following oral administration of a single dose of 600 mg, mifepristone is rapidly absorbed, with a peak plasma concentration of 1.98 mg/l occurring approximately 90 minutes after ingestion. (fda.gov)
  • Oral nicotine exposure resulted in dose-related elevations in plasma levels of cotinine, a primary nicotine metabolite. (uky.edu)
  • A single dose is needed, which consists of two live, oral enteric-coated tablets (type 4 - white tablet, type 7- light peach tablet). (health.mil)
  • A single dose of test item was administered to the appropriate animals by oral gavage on Day 1, using a syringe with a plastic gavage cannula attached. (europa.eu)
  • Group B - Donepezilo (Control): Donepezil (5.0 mg) (oral tablets) daily for one month (4 weeks) and then the same dose can be maintained or increased to 10 mg (according to the patient's response) for 78 weeks. (who.int)
  • Group C - neuroEPO+Donepezilo (Experimetal): Combination of neuroEPO 0.5 mg (0.5 mL) nasal drops 0.25 mL in each nostril, 3 times a week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) and Donepezil (5.0 mg) (oral tablets) daily for one month (4 weeks) and then the same dose can be maintained or increased to 10 mg (according to the patient's response). (who.int)
  • After written consent was obtained, diagnostic samples were collected and oral ciprofloxacin administered for 10 days at a weight-calibrated dosage of ≈15 mg/kg twice daily (range 13-17 mg/kg), with a maximum dose for adults of 750 mg twice daily. (cdc.gov)
Bioavailability5
  • Importantly, S-20-1 was highly resistant to proteolytic degradation, had long half-life, and possessed favorable oral bioavailability. (nature.com)
  • Thus, with its pan-CoV fusion and entry inhibitory activity by targeting two sites in S protein, desirable half-life, and promising oral bioavailability, S-20-1 is a potential candidate for further development as a novel therapeutic and prophylactic drug against infection by SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, as well as future emerging and reemerging CoVs. (nature.com)
  • Generally, small molecular inhibitors with oral bioavailability are more suitable for intracellular targets, i.e., viral proteases, by the necessity of cell permeability. (nature.com)
  • However, nAbs lack oral bioavailability and lose neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants that escape immune surveillance. (nature.com)
  • absolute bioavailability were 71.83 % and 48.81 %, after IM and oral administrations respectively. (researchgate.net)
Dosage and Administration1
  • See Accelerated Elimination Procedures under Dosage and Administration. (drugs.com)
20222
  • La información en esta página debería ser considerada como ejemplos de información de antecedentes para la temporada de influenza 2021-2022 para la práctica médica respecto del uso de medicamentos antivirales contra la influenza. (cdc.gov)
  • 2022. Comparison of gelatin flavors for oral dosing of C57BL/6J and FVB/N mice. (awionline.org)
Concentrations4
  • Conclusions and Clinical Relevance -Administration of levothyroxine sodium increased serum tT 4 concentrations and blunted responses to TRH injection in healthy euthyroid horses. (avma.org)
  • There was no clear relationship between paired saliva and plasma cortisol concentrations after IV or oral dosing. (strath.ac.uk)
  • Conclusions: At matching triglyceride levels and with no difference in glucose and free fatty acid levels, oral lipid ingestion but not iv lipid infusion elicits a clear insulin response in association with increased GIP and GLP-1 concentrations. (ku.dk)
  • Plasma concentrations of the gastrointestinal hormones gastrin, neurotensin, and pancreatic polypeptide, however, were not different between oral and intravenous arginine administration. (utmb.edu)
Tablets3
  • The tablets are light yellow in color, cylindrical and biconvex, and are intended for oral administration only. (fda.gov)
  • Our Nuzyra (omadacycline) for Injection, for Intravenous Use and Tablets, for Oral Use Side Effects Drug Center provides a comprehensive view of available drug information on the potential side effects when taking this medication. (rxlist.com)
  • The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the reintroduction of tegaserod oral tablets ( Zelnorm , Sloan Pharma) for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in women younger than age 65, US WorldMeds Holdings has announced. (medscape.com)
Mucosal2
  • The research article in the BJSM(1)this month entitled 'Oral administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003 and mucosal immunity in endurance athletes' was of high quality in terms of the study design, apart from the small number of subjects. (bmj.com)
  • Systemic administration of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), mimics virally-induced activation of TLR3 signalling causing acute small intestine damage, but whether and how mucosal administration of poly I:C causes enteropathy is less clear. (conicet.gov.ar)
Doses6
  • Each experiment involved a 20-minute baseline-data sequence and three following sets of effects data: recorded on the same day after oral administration of 250 mL water (28 ℃) accompanied with 5 g of LW formula (herbal extract granules), and recorded on the second day after taking other two doses of LW formula. (jcimjournal.com)
  • Serum levels exceed the MICs for most indicated organisms for at least six hours following administration of the usually recommended doses of clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride for oral solution (Pediatric) in adults and pediatric patients. (nih.gov)
  • The average serum half-life after doses of clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride for oral solution (Pediatric) is approximately two hours in pediatric patients. (nih.gov)
  • Participants were then randomly assigned to receive oral iloprost (in escalating doses) or placebo for 6 months. (medscape.com)
  • Based on studies with various oral doses in several animal species (mouse, rat, rabbit and monkey), the compound inhibits the activity of endogenous or exogenous progesterone. (fda.gov)
  • We conclude that preoperative oral granisetron , in doses more than 40 micrograms kg-1, was effective for the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children. (curehunter.com)
Absorption2
  • Conclusions: Results indicate that sodium SOS is absorbed, agreeing with previous studies demonstrating the oral absorption of other sulfated polyanions. (rpi.edu)
  • 1 For pharmacistshandling and dispensing oral chemotherapy, a number of activities in these processesmay result in exposure throughinhalation, skin contact or absorption, orinadvertent ingestion (Table 1). (pharmacytimes.com)
20204
  • ATHENS, Ga. , Sept. 8, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Athena Bioscience, LLC, a specialty pharmaceutical company, announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved QDOLO™ (tramadol hydrochloride) Oral Solution 5mg/1mL C-IV, an opioid agonist indicated in adults for the management of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate. (prnewswire.com)
  • Thanks for your reply regarding the Oral Examination that will take place on April 28th (TUE) , 2020. (nccu.edu.tw)
  • 2020. Preclinical validation of the micropipette-guided drug administration (MDA) method in the maternal immune activation model of neurodevelopmental disorders. (awionline.org)
  • For example, Virginia enacted 2020 legislation that establishes requirements for teledentistry, including the types of oral health professionals permitted to conduct services. (cdc.gov)
Insulin6
  • Second-line therapy in combination with one or more other oral antidiabetic agents or insulin as an adjunct to diet and exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who do not achieve adequate glycemic control with diet, exercise, and oral antidiabetic agent monotherapy. (drugs.com)
  • Context: The incretin effect is responsible for the higher insulin response to oral glucose than to iv glucose at matching glucose levels. (ku.dk)
  • Objective: The aim of the study was to examine whether insulin and incretin hormone responses are higher after oral vs. iv challenge of a lipid emulsion with matching triglyceride levels in humans. (ku.dk)
  • Oral lipid elicited a clear insulin and C-peptide response, whereas no insulin or C-peptide responses were observed during iv lipid. (ku.dk)
  • Administration of glucose in hypoglycemia produces profound and prompt improvement, while insulin should be started for patients with stroke and hyperglycemia. (medscape.com)
  • Chromium propionate increases insulin sensitivity in horses following oral and intravenous carbohydrate administration. (cabi.org)
20211
  • CAMBRIDGE, Mass. & O--( 뉴스와이어 ) 2021년 07월 29일 -- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (TSE:4502/NYSE:TAK) ("Takeda") today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) to TAK-994,[1] its Phase 2 investigational oral orexin agonist, which is designed to selectively target orexin 2 receptors. (hyundaenews.com)
Metabolism1
  • We explored ethnic differences in bone and mineral metabolism by 5 days of oral phosphate (P) loading to stimulate PTH secretion. (uea.ac.uk)
Medications7
  • Oral medications for cancer are increasingly common. (sharecare.com)
  • For many people living with NSCLC, oral medications may be more convenient than medications that require an intravenous infusion. (sharecare.com)
  • However, oral medications involve a greater amount of responsibility by the person with NSCLC and/or their caregivers. (sharecare.com)
  • Adherence to Targeted Oral Anticancer Medications. (sharecare.com)
  • As with other prescription medications, people can take oral chemotherapy drugs at home. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Dispensing oral narcotics and medications of abusive potentiality requires stringent controls. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Oral Medication Syringe is used in for the administration of medications and in feeding liquid diets. (medi-vet.com)
Intramuscular1
  • DOX) in turkeys after single intramuscular (IM) and oral administrations of 20 mg/kg body weight (b. w. (researchgate.net)
Squamous Cell Carc1
  • A significant amount of research indicates that the cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway of inflammation contributes to the development and progression of a variety of cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx (OSCC). (mdpi.com)
Chronic9
  • We assessed the risks of bleeding, acute kidney injury (AKI), and kidney failure associated with the prescription of antithrombotic agents (oral anticoagulants and/or antiplatelet agents) in patients with moderate-to-advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). (nih.gov)
  • MRLs can be derived for acute, intermediate, and chronic duration exposures for inhalation and oral routes. (cdc.gov)
  • In August 2019, Cara Therapeutics in-licensed exclusive worldwide excluding South Korea and Japan to develop and commercialize oral Korsuva, selective inhibitor of kappa opioid receptors from Enteris BioPharma for the treatment of chronic pruritus. (openpr.com)
  • Methods Patients with chronic periodontitis (n = 83, 54% females and 46% males, mean age 49.1 ± 9.5 years) completed the OHIP-49 using two modes of administration (manual self-complete and telephone interview) in a randomly assigned order, with a minimum washout period of 2 weeks between modes, both episodes occurring prior to any periodontal treatment being provided. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • Conclusions The mode of administration (manual-self complete versus telephone interview) did substantially influence the OHIP-49 scores in patients with chronic periodontitis. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • 3 Poor oral health is also linked to an increased risk of developing a number of serious health conditions and chronic diseases. (jabfm.org)
  • The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of chronic oral nicotine exposure on sensitivity to nicotine and brain nicotinic cholinergic receptors in female C57B1/6 mice. (uky.edu)
  • These results suggest that chronic oral nicotine delivery to female C57B1/6 mice results in behavioral and biochemical changes that resemble changes that occur following other routes of chronic nicotine delivery. (uky.edu)
  • [6] "[T]hose pharmaceuticals that usually require special handling, administration, unique inventory management, and a high level of patient monitoring and support to consumers with specific chronic conditions, acute events, or complex therapies, and provides comprehensive patient education services and coordination with the patient and prescriber. (wikipedia.org)
Tablet1
  • Daurismo is supplied as a tablet for oral administration. (centerwatch.com)
Gavage2
  • Precise oral dosing in rodents is usually achieved by intragastric gavage. (awionline.org)
  • If performed incorrectly due to technical difficulties, inexperience, or animal resistance, oral gavage may have animal welfare implications such as esophageal and gastric rupture. (awionline.org)
Intranasal2
  • Hence, companies in the acute exacerbation of CRS treatment market are increasing their production capabilities in antibiotics, oral analgesics, and intranasal steroids, among other treatment options to improve patient outcomes. (transparencymarketresearch.com)
  • Zavegepant Nasal Spray for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Zavegepant, a calcitonin gene related peptide receptor antagonist for intranasal administration, shows promise as an alternative to oral and parenteral agents for the acute treatment of migraine. (medscape.com)
Taking oral chemotherapy1
  • People taking oral chemotherapy should also try to keep a log of all the side effects that they experience. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Vaccine2
  • The FDA does not license administration syringes for vaccine storage. (cdc.gov)
  • For administration of routinely recommended vaccines, there is no evidence of risk of exposure of vaccine components to the health care provider, so conditions in the provider labeled as contraindications and precautions to a vaccine components are not a reason to withdraw from this function of administering the vaccine to someone else. (cdc.gov)
Adult2
  • The guideline recommends oral appliances for adult patients who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy or prefer an alternative to CPAP. (aasm.org)
  • Effective Oral RNA Interference (RNAi) Administration to Adult Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
Search1
  • We encourage researchers to utilize the full-text search on this page to navigate our oral histories or to use our catalog to locate oral history interviews by keyword. (aip.org)
Cholera2
  • Oral cholera vaccines are an additional way to control cholera, but should not replace conventional control measures. (who.int)
  • Safe oral cholera vaccines should be used in conjunction with improvements in water and sanitation to control cholera outbreaks and for prevention in areas known to be high risk for cholera. (who.int)
Recombinant2
  • Immunostimulatory effects of the oral administration of the recombinant epinecidin-1 protein from BL21 Escherichia coli (containing the pET28a-epinecidin-1-dsRed plasmid) were studied in grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). (elsevier.com)
  • tranexamic acid oral, Factor IX, recombinant. (medscape.com)
Subcutaneous1
  • Terumo needles are a favorite to use for subcutaneous fluid administration. (medi-vet.com)
Market is segmented1
  • Phenylketonuria market is segmented by product type, rout of administration and distribution channel. (straitsresearch.com)
DRUG25
  • If you prefer, you may contact the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) directly by visiting www.fda.gov/medwatch or by calling (800)-332-1088 . (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Gengraf Oral Solution (cyclosporine) is an immunosuppressive drug used to prevent organ rejection after a kidney, liver, or heart transplant . (rxlist.com)
  • To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride for oral solution (Pediatric) and other antibacterial drugs, clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride for oral solution (Pediatric) should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. (nih.gov)
  • Disclaimer: This homeopathic product has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration for safety or efficacy. (nih.gov)
  • Australian-based Oventus has received clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for an oral device to treat obstructive sleep apnea, according to a Sept. 2, 2019, company statement . (aasm.org)
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved it to treat certain types of heart-related conditions. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) believes that the recommendations in this guidance document will improve the quality of postmarketing safety reports and clarify the industry's current safety reporting responsibility to assure public health. (cdc.gov)
  • 1This guidance has been prepared by the Epidemiology Branch in the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) at the Food and Drug Administration. (cdc.gov)
  • One inhibitor of main protease (M pro )/3C-like protease (3CLpro), Paxlovid™, was recently approved by the US FDA as an oral drug for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection 14 . (nature.com)
  • For instance, May 2018, U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Palynziq (pegvaliase-pqpz) for treatment of phenylketonuria. (straitsresearch.com)
  • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration was set to grant permission for the emergency contraceptive Plan B One-Step® to be sold over the counter for anyone of reproductive age. (americanprogress.org)
  • A: Yes, a panel of experts at the Food and Drug Administration found that it is both safe and effective for use by anyone of reproductive age. (americanprogress.org)
  • Recommend adequate hydration before and after drug administration. (webmd.com)
  • In this article, the authors evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of their micropipette-guided drug administration method as an alternative and non-invasive administration strategy for clozapine- N -oxide in chemogenetic studies using designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs. (nature.com)
  • This merchandise may be subject to the regulations of the Food and Drug Administration. (faqs.org)
  • This recall is being conducted with the knowledge of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (fda.gov)
  • An alternative method for oral drug administration by voluntary intake in male and female mice. (awionline.org)
  • Drug administration to experimental rodents is often invasive and stressful, thus reducing animal welfare and potentially confounding experimental results. (awionline.org)
  • Methods of oral drug delivery in which rodents cooperate voluntarily minimize stress, pain and morbidity. (awionline.org)
  • However, pharmaceutical-grade cannabis products have recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of childhood epilepsy syndromes, as well as nausea and vomiting associated with a variety of conditions 17-20 . (cdc.gov)
  • The US Food and Drug Administration recently approved ciprofloxacin for treatment of plague ( Yersina pestis infection) based on animal studies. (cdc.gov)
  • Drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of plague include streptomycin and doxycycline. (cdc.gov)
  • 8 years of age, considered too ill to receive oral treatment, or had received antimicrobial drug treatment in the preceding 7 days. (cdc.gov)
  • Administration (USFDA) pursuant to section 505(j) of the U. S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (who.int)
  • The Food and Drug Administration recommends that most children get vaccinated for HPV at age 11 or 12. (medlineplus.gov)
Adults1
  • 1 , 2 Similarly, adults with poor oral health are less likely to be employed than those with good oral health. (jabfm.org)
Predictors1
  • Lower copay and oral administration: predictors of first-fill adherence to new asthma prescriptions. (sutterhealth.org)
Treatment18
  • In one clinical trial, a 7-day course of oral ciprofloxacin was shown to be a safe and successful treatment for acute pyelonephritis in women, including older women and those with more severe infection. (medscape.com)
  • Our medical center provides primary care and specialty health services, including mental health care, audiology and speech, cancer care and treatment, dentistry and oral surgery, extended care and rehabilitation, palliative and hospice care, pharmacy services, treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and more. (va.gov)
  • It is now known that the most convenient form of medical treatment is oral therapy. (ibsa.it)
  • Proven measures for treatment (oral and regimen, and obstacles to conducting a campaign in a intravenous rehydration and antimicrobial drugs in severe setting with population displacement and civil unrest. (cdc.gov)
  • Administration of nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia/anxiolysis is a safe and effective technique for reducing and eliminating anxiety during dental treatment. (dentalcare.com)
  • The AASM and American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine published a joint clinical practice guideline for treatment of sleep apnea with oral appliance therapy. (aasm.org)
  • In January 2019, Menlo Therapeutics received Breakthrough Therapy designation from the FDA for serlopitant, an oral NK1 receptor antagonist for the treatment of pruritus associated with Prurigo Nodularis (PN). (openpr.com)
  • Oral chemotherapy can help a person feel as though they have more control over their treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Advanced technology used by highly skilled providers along with personalized treatment, brings patients improved oral health. (willamettedental.com)
  • Poor oral health, which is related to excessive sugar intake and low levels of fluoride exposure (1,2), affects 60-90% of schoolchildren globally (3) and the most socially disadvantaged populations (4), particularly given the high cost of treatment in low- and middle-income countries (5,6). (who.int)
  • On the other hand, the use of dental services in children is greater when parents have a higher education (4,7,8) and have a better perception about oral health, including preventive and comprehensive care rather than only emergency treatment (e.g. toothache) (4,9). (who.int)
  • Nizatidine Oral Solution manufactured by Amneal, is a prescription oral product used for the short-term treatment and maintenance therapy of ulcers and for the treatment of esophagitis and associated heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). (fda.gov)
  • Early administration of oral oseltamivir increases the benefits of influenza treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • Acute treatment involved oral prednisone administration and sick leave for 3 weeks. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment continued with oral clindamycin. (cdc.gov)
  • Nevertheless, low cost and oral dosing have made doxycycline a first-line treatment in several countries ( 5 , 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • First oral regimen for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is established. (who.int)
  • For decades, the cornerstone of treatment of had been the administration of painful injectable agents, which were replaced by 2-3 times shorter, fully oral, more effective treatments with the new drugs. (who.int)
Corticosteroid2
  • Electronic health record-based assessment of oral corticosteroid use in a population of primary care patients with asthma: an observational study. (sutterhealth.org)
  • The ensuing swelling and erythema subsided 72-hours after beginning oral corticosteroid administration. (cdc.gov)
Effects7
  • Administration of oral magnesium up to 200 mg was not associated with any untoward effects. (nih.gov)
  • What are side effects of Gengraf Oral Solution? (rxlist.com)
  • This study aimed to assess the skin-surface microcirculatory effects of oral administration of Liuwei Dihuang (LW) formula by analyzing the frequency content of laser-Doppler skin blood-flow signals at important acupoints. (jcimjournal.com)
  • Clinicians should consider adverse effects, tolerability, method of administration, safety, efficacy, and cost of the drugs in addition to patient preferences when selecting an appropriate therapy. (drugs.com)
  • In fact, TFMPP reduces locomotor activity and produces aversive effects in animals rather than self-administration, which may explain the decision of the DEA not to permanently make TFMPP a controlled substance. (wikipedia.org)
  • tranexamic acid oral decreases effects of defibrotide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of the oral administration of Gum Arabic on haematological and some oxidative stress markers in Mugil cephalus. (aquadocs.org)
Patients19
  • Trauma patients administered oral THC consume fewer opioids than do similarly matched controls, according to clinical trial data published in the journal Trauma Surgery & Acute Care . (norml.org)
  • Investigators affiliated with the Saint Anthony Hospital and Medical Campus in Colorado assessed the impact of the off-label use of dronabinol (FDA-approved synthetic oral THC) on opioid consumption patterns in trauma patients with acute pain. (norml.org)
  • Authors reported that patients administered oral THC experienced a "nine-fold greater reduction in opioid consumption" compared to controls. (norml.org)
  • The wide interindividual variability in plasma and salivary profiles of cortisol following the administration of IV and oral hydrocortisone to patients with adrenal insufficiency and the poor correlation between salivary and plasma measurements suggest that salivary cortisol measurements cannot be used for individual hydrocortisone dosage adjustment. (strath.ac.uk)
  • This study confirms the high risk of AKI associated with oral anticoagulants prescription in patients with CKD and also highlights the potential aggravating effect of combining vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and antiplatelets on the risk of bleeding. (nih.gov)
  • As an oral liquid, QDOLO gives physicians flexibility to titrate dosing precisely according to individual patients' needs," said Jeff Bryant , President and CEO of Athena Bioscience. (prnewswire.com)
  • To assess convergent validity, after each mode of administration, the patients were additionally asked a global question about their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). (dundee.ac.uk)
  • An open, 3-cohort, phase II trial testing oral administration of lucitanib in patients with FGFR1-amplified or non-amplified estrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancer. (servier.com)
  • Primary care physicians (PCP) are filling expanded roles within oral health care to secure strong overall health for their patients. (jabfm.org)
  • 9 Whereas oral health care focuses broadly on identifying need and activating and engaging patients, dental care focuses specifically on the delivery of interventions and restoration to maintain, attain, or restore oral health. (jabfm.org)
  • 10 ⇓ - 12 The historic separation of oral health care from the broader health care delivery system has fostered among providers and patients a culture in which oral health is not valued as a part of overall health. (jabfm.org)
  • Prescribers should also give patients clear instructions on whom to call and what to do in the event of an emergency following administration of Mifeprex. (fda.gov)
  • The TAK-994 BTD was based, in part, on early phase and preliminary clinical data that indicates Takeda's investigational oral orexin agonist may demonstrate substantially improved objective and subjective measurements of daytime wakefulness in NT1 patients. (hyundaenews.com)
  • Across all Phase 3 trials, a total of 1073 patients were treated with NUZYRA (382 patients in Trial 1 and 691 in Trials 2 and 3 of which 368 patients were treated with only oral NUZYRA. (rxlist.com)
  • To increase protection for the oral health workforce, CDC issued recent guidance that includes recommendations on sterilization and disinfection, personal protective equipment (PPE), and caring for patients with and without COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • States have begun using teledentistry as both a tool to triage and screen patients to determine if an in-person visit is necessary, and to continue providing necessary preventive oral health services. (cdc.gov)
  • Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the administration of neuroEPO/neuroEPO-donepezil vs. donepezil in patients with mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease. (who.int)
  • Five patients with culture-confirmed plague were enrolled and treated with oral ciprofloxacin ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
  • Although C albicans is the most commonly identified Candida species, C dubliniensis has garnered notice as a cause of oral infection that is seen, for the most part, only in patients who are HIV positive. (medscape.com)
Access to oral healthcare2
  • The ADA is encouraging the incoming Biden Administration to prioritize access to oral healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. (dentistrytoday.com)
  • With significant dental practice closures and reduced non-emergency care, many states have adopted policies to expand access to oral healthcare and maintain continuity of oral health services through teledentistry. (cdc.gov)
Supplementation2
  • Preliminary experimental data have already shown that prostacyclin supplementation, with either genetic overexpression or the oral prostacyclin analogue iloprost, prevents the development of lung cancer in a variety of models, including cigarette smoke exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Administration of E2 supplementation can. (awionline.org)
Routes of Administrat1
  • Cannabis is also consumed for enjoyment and without medical justification, using a variety of products with varying potency levels and routes of administration. (cdc.gov)
Increases1
  • Coadministration of tranexamic acid oral and combination hormonal contraceptives increases thrombotic risk. (medscape.com)
Orally1
  • Design, Settings, and Participants: A lipid emulsion (Intralipid) was administered orally (3 ml/kg) or iv (variable infusion rates to match triglyceride levels after oral ingestion) in healthy lean males (n 12) at a University Clinical Research Unit. (ku.dk)
Toxicity1
  • Guideline acute oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity studies were identified. (europa.eu)
Drugs5
  • Urethral smooth muscle electrical activity appears to be modified by administration of drugs with urethral tropism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this pilot telemetric study, bladder function was not affected by oral administration of urological drugs at their recommended clinical dosages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is also critical to take oral chemotherapy drugs according to the exact schedule that the doctor recommends. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Although this article does not focussolely on safe handling of oralchemotherapy, the lack of a consensusamong these centers about safe medicationpractices for oral chemotherapyhighlights the need for guidelines for thisgroup of drugs. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Exposure to hazardous agents canoccur during the preparation, administration,or disposal of these drugs whenhealth care workers create aerosols,generate dust, clean up spills, or touchcontaminated surfaces. (pharmacytimes.com)
Syringes4
  • The new EPS TampAlert Tamper-Evident Cap for Metric Only Oral Syringes helps pharmacists and nurses provide this protection for oral medication. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Complementing its line of TampAlerT tamper-evident syringe caps for luer lock syringes, the new EPS TampAlert Tamper-Evident Cap for Metric Only Oral Syringes helps pharmacists and nurses provide this protection for oral medication. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Our lines of TampAlerT Tamper-Evident Caps for Oral Syringes, Oral Dispensers and IV syringes help practitioners accomplish this while providing an easy and economical way to dispense liquid and IV meds. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • For more information on the EPS TampAlerT Tamper-Evident Cap for Metric Only Oral Syringes, please call 800-523-8966 or e-mail [email protected] . (pharmacytimes.com)
Significantly6
  • Electromyographic urethral activity was significantly increased 8 days after oestriol or duloxetine administration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Total and intact GIP and GLP-1 levels both increased after oral lipid administration but were not significantly altered after iv lipid. (ku.dk)
  • (D) The i.a. administration of DHA did not significantly increase the number of vertical rearings as compared to CFA-injected mice treated with vehicle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the mean peak percent rise in glucagon concentration after oral arginine was significantly lower than that after intravenous arginine (62% ± 25% versus 479% ± 176%, respectively, p = 0.04). (utmb.edu)
  • Significantly larger AUC values were found for decoctions of GPS (83.49 ± 20.8 ¼g·h/mL for DRG and 59.43 ± 12.9 ¼g·h/mL for DGM) compared with oral GPS alone (32.67 ± 12.9 ¼g·h/mL). (westminster.ac.uk)
  • The OHRQoL differed between the two modes of administration, with significantly higher scores (indicating poorer OHRQoL) when the questionnaire was manually self-completed. (dundee.ac.uk)
Serum1
  • Results: As a consequence of oral administration of 30 mg/kg of selegiline, its level in the stomach was extremely high (179.57 µg/g tissue through 54.67 µg/g at 15 min to 120 min), that is one magnitude higher than that in the serum level. (elsevier.com)
Health centers2
  • The Oral Health and Primary Care Integration web page provides resources, tips, promising practices, and recommendations on improving oral health and primary care integration in health centers. (hrsa.gov)
  • This comparative case study examines the roles of PCPs at 5 federally qualified health centers that have integrated oral health care and primary care. (jabfm.org)
Clinical1
  • Clinical significance The mode of administration of quality of life questionnaires such as OHIP-49 could potentially affect the outcome scores derived. (dundee.ac.uk)
Exposure1
  • Continuous exposure (30 days) to oral nicotine (200 μg/ml) resulted in the expression of significant tolerance to the locomotor depressant and hypothermic actions of acute nicotine challenge. (uky.edu)
Therapeutic2
  • This initiative aims to gain both fundamental understanding and applied knowledge on novel polysaccharide-based nanoparticles to be utilized as 'smart' advanced delivery systems of therapeutic biomacromolecules for oral administration. (europa.eu)
  • Pharmaceutical companies have advised the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) that they do not anticipate imminent or widespread national-level medicine shortages due to potential impacts of COVID-19 on their manufacturing or logistics. (tga.gov.au)
Versus1
  • Objective To determine if there are differences in outcome scores if the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49) is delivered by two different modes of administration (manual-self complete versus telephone interview). (dundee.ac.uk)
Capsule2
  • The tariff classification of "Sandimmune" in ampules, oral solution and soft gel liquid capsule forms from Switzerland. (faqs.org)
  • The applicable subheading for the "Sandimmune" in ampules, oral solution and soft gel liquid capsule forms will be 3004.20.0050 , Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS), which provides for medicaments in dosage form, other,antibiotics, other. (faqs.org)
Pediatric2
  • This course on Effective Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Administration for Children will describe the objectives, indications and contraindications, and technique for successful administration of nitrous oxide to the pediatric patient. (dentalcare.com)
  • The purpose of the study is to assess the long-term use of lacosamide oral solution dosed at 2 mg/kg/day to 12 mg/kg/day when administered to pediatric study participants with epilepsy who have completed NCT01964560 (EP0034) or NCT00938912 (SP848). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Medication Administration1
  • Declining eyesight and normal memory lapses that affect glucose measurement or medication administration can cause blood sugar levels to rise and fall in an unhealthy way. (homeinstead.com)
Food2
  • IBSA has decided to accelerate the development of this innovative form of oral administration, diversifying its use and also using orodispersible films for food supplements. (ibsa.it)
  • Fasting period before study: Animals were deprived of food overnight (for a maximum of 20 hours) prior to dosing and until 3-4 hours after administration of the test item. (europa.eu)
Injection3
  • (A) Behavioral analysis was performed at days 0 and 15 (immediately prior to i.a. administration of DHA) and at days 19 and 25 following initial CFA injection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Injection segment is expected to dominate the market over the forecast period due to growing awareness regarding the safety of animals among pet owners, injection is a part of routine health checkup of animals and is considered as an effective method of administration by healthcare professionals. (biospace.com)
  • The metabolic profile of GPS after intravenous injection could be fitted to two-compartment model whereas oral administration decoctions DRG or DGM, or GPS alone, could all be fitted to a one-compartment model. (westminster.ac.uk)
Controlled substances1
  • These closures are ideal for morphine and other oral anesthetics, controlled substances and chemo meds. (pharmacytimes.com)
Clement J. Zablocki Veterans' Administration Medical Center | VA Milwaukee Health Care | Veterans Affairs
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