Administration, Oral: The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.Drug Administration Schedule: Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.Injections, Intravenous: Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.United States Food and Drug Administration: An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to maintaining standards of quality of foods, drugs, therapeutic devices, etc.Drug Administration Routes: The various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal from where the chemical is absorbed into the blood and delivered to the target tissue.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Rats, Sprague-Dawley: A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Administration, Intranasal: Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.Rats, Wistar: A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.Injections, Intraperitoneal: Forceful administration into the peritoneal cavity of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the abdominal wall.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Injections, Subcutaneous: Forceful administration under the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the skin.Administration, Rectal: The insertion of drugs into the rectum, usually for confused or incompetent patients, like children, infants, and the very old or comatose.Liver: A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.Mice, Inbred C57BLBiological Availability: The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.Injections, Intramuscular: Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.Administration, Topical: The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example.Infusions, Intravenous: The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.Half-Life: The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.Administration, Intravenous: Delivery of substances through VENIPUNCTURE into the VEINS.Drug Interactions: The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.Area Under Curve: A statistical means of summarizing information from a series of measurements on one individual. It is frequently used in clinical pharmacology where the AUC from serum levels can be interpreted as the total uptake of whatever has been administered. As a plot of the concentration of a drug against time, after a single dose of medicine, producing a standard shape curve, it is a means of comparing the bioavailability of the same drug made by different companies. (From Winslade, Dictionary of Clinical Research, 1992)Injections, Intraventricular: Injections into the cerebral ventricles.Mice, Inbred BALB CRats, Inbred Strains: Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.Administration, Cutaneous: The application of suitable drug dosage forms to the skin for either local or systemic effects.Tissue Distribution: Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.Dogs: The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)Double-Blind Method: A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.Cross-Over Studies: Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Blood Pressure: PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.Administration, Sublingual: Administration of a soluble dosage form by placement under the tongue.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Administration, Inhalation: The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.Kidney: Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.Infusions, Parenteral: The administration of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through some other route than the alimentary canal, usually over minutes or hours, either by gravity flow or often by infusion pumping.Body Weight: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.Random Allocation: A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.Behavior, Animal: The observable response an animal makes to any situation.Drug Tolerance: Progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, resulting from its continued administration. It should be differentiated from DRUG RESISTANCE wherein an organism, disease, or tissue fails to respond to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should also be differentiated from MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE and NO-OBSERVED-ADVERSE-EFFECT LEVEL.Morphine: The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Plant Extracts: Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.Injections: Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.Analysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Injections, Spinal: Introduction of therapeutic agents into the spinal region using a needle and syringe.Organ Size: The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.Metabolic Clearance Rate: Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid: Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.RNA, Messenger: RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.Rabbits: The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.Mice, Inbred ICRLung: Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.Rats, Inbred F344Analgesics, Opioid: Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.Self Administration: Administration of a drug or chemical by the individual under the direction of a physician. It includes administration clinically or experimentally, by human or animal.Ethanol: A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.Heart Rate: The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Estradiol: The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.Motor Activity: The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.Antineoplastic Agents: Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.Drug Combinations: Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.Mice, Knockout: Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.Hemodynamics: The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.Mice, Inbred Strains: Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.Drug Evaluation, Preclinical: Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.Analgesics: Compounds capable of relieving pain without the loss of CONSCIOUSNESS.Drug Therapy, Combination: Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.Enzyme Inhibitors: Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.Injections, Intra-Arterial: Delivery of drugs into an artery.Administration, Buccal: Administration of a soluble dosage form between the cheek and gingiva. It may involve direct application of a drug onto the buccal mucosa, as by painting or spraying.Spleen: An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.Prodrugs: A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.Intestinal Absorption: Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.Blood Glucose: Glucose in blood.Drug Approval: Process that is gone through in order for a drug to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required pre-clinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance of the drug.Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal: Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.Drug Synergism: The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.Eating: The consumption of edible substances.United StatesDopamine: One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.Genetic Therapy: Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.Nitric Oxide: A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.Cytokines: Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.Hydrocortisone: The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions.Absorption: The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Lipopolysaccharides: Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Delayed-Action Preparations: Dosage forms of a drug that act over a period of time by controlled-release processes or technology.Insulin: A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).Pain Measurement: Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.Pain: An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.Biotransformation: The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.Testosterone: A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.Anti-Bacterial Agents: Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.Microdialysis: A technique for measuring extracellular concentrations of substances in tissues, usually in vivo, by means of a small probe equipped with a semipermeable membrane. Substances may also be introduced into the extracellular space through the membrane.Dexamethasone: An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.Progesterone: The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.Genetic Vectors: DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.Growth Hormone: A polypeptide that is secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, stimulates mitosis, cell differentiation and cell growth. Species-specific growth hormones have been synthesized.Administration, Intravaginal: The insertion of drugs into the vagina to treat local infections, neoplasms, or to induce labor. The dosage forms may include medicated pessaries, irrigation fluids, and suppositories.Inflammation: A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha: Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.Animals, Newborn: Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.Antioxidants: Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.Body Temperature: The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.Models, Animal: Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.Drug Delivery Systems: Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.Narcotic Antagonists: Agents inhibiting the effect of narcotics on the central nervous system.Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Bile: An emulsifying agent produced in the LIVER and secreted into the DUODENUM. Its composition includes BILE ACIDS AND SALTS; CHOLESTEROL; and ELECTROLYTES. It aids DIGESTION of fats in the duodenum.United States Department of Veterans Affairs: A cabinet department in the Executive Branch of the United States Government concerned with overall planning, promoting, and administering programs pertaining to VETERANS. It was established March 15, 1989 as a Cabinet-level position.Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone: A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.Phytotherapy: Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.Drugs, Chinese Herbal: Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.Vasodilator Agents: Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.Pyridines: Compounds with a six membered aromatic ring containing NITROGEN. The saturated version is PIPERIDINES.Luteinizing Hormone: A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Luteinizing hormone regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the TESTIS and the OVARY. The preovulatory LUTEINIZING HORMONE surge in females induces OVULATION, and subsequent LUTEINIZATION of the follicle. LUTEINIZING HORMONE consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental: Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.PiperazinesNeoplasms, Experimental: Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Mice, Nude: Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.Device Approval: Process that is gone through in order for a device to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required preclinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance. It is not restricted to FDA.Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Neoplasm Transplantation: Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Infusion Pumps: Fluid propulsion systems driven mechanically, electrically, or osmotically that are used to inject (or infuse) over time agents into a patient or experimental animal; used routinely in hospitals to maintain a patent intravenous line, to administer antineoplastic agents and other drugs in thromboembolism, heart disease, diabetes mellitus (INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS is also available), and other disorders.Pyrazoles: Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.Glucocorticoids: A group of CORTICOSTEROIDS that affect carbohydrate metabolism (GLUCONEOGENESIS, liver glycogen deposition, elevation of BLOOD SUGAR), inhibit ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secretion, and possess pronounced anti-inflammatory activity. They also play a role in fat and protein metabolism, maintenance of arterial blood pressure, alteration of the connective tissue response to injury, reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes, and functioning of the central nervous system.Regional Blood Flow: The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.Serotonin: A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.Norepinephrine: Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.Adjuvants, Immunologic: Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.Neoplasms: New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.Corticosterone: An adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1437)Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).Anesthesia: A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.Chemistry, Pharmaceutical: Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use.Adrenocorticotropic Hormone: An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the ADRENAL CORTEX and its production of CORTICOSTEROIDS. ACTH is a 39-amino acid polypeptide of which the N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Upon further tissue-specific processing, ACTH can yield ALPHA-MSH and corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP).Drug Carriers: Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.Central Nervous System Stimulants: A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to increase behavioral alertness, agitation, or excitation. They work by a variety of mechanisms, but usually not by direct excitation of neurons. The many drugs that have such actions as side effects to their main therapeutic use are not included here.Ovariectomy: The surgical removal of one or both ovaries.Hyperalgesia: An increased sensation of pain or discomfort produced by mimimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft tissue containing NOCICEPTORS or injury to a peripheral nerve.Neuroprotective Agents: Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.Mice, Inbred C3HLeukocyte Count: The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.Hypnotics and Sedatives: Drugs used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.Gene Expression: The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.Analgesics, Non-Narcotic: A subclass of analgesic agents that typically do not bind to OPIOID RECEPTORS and are not addictive. Many non-narcotic analgesics are offered as NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS.Intestines: The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279)Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from the environment.Imidazoles: Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).Anti-Anxiety Agents: Agents that alleviate ANXIETY, tension, and ANXIETY DISORDERS, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS are commonly used in the symptomatic treatment of anxiety but are not included here.Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase necessary for the formation of prostaglandins and other autacoids. It also inhibits the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.Brain Chemistry: Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.Placebos: Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having no specific pharmacological activity against a targeted condition, the concept has been extended to include treatments or procedures, especially those administered to control groups in clinical trials in order to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol.Suppositories: Medicated dosage forms that are designed to be inserted into the rectal, vaginal, or urethral orifice of the body for absorption. Generally, the active ingredients are packaged in dosage forms containing fatty bases such as cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil, or glycerogelatin that are solid at room temperature but melt or dissolve at body temperature.Hypothalamus: Ventral part of the DIENCEPHALON extending from the region of the OPTIC CHIASM to the caudal border of the MAMMILLARY BODIES and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the THIRD VENTRICLE.Gene Expression Regulation: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.Substance Withdrawal Syndrome: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.Adenoviridae: A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.Iodine Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.Edema: Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.Neurons: The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.Nitric Oxide Synthase: An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.Infusion Pumps, Implantable: Implanted fluid propulsion systems with self-contained power source for providing long-term controlled-rate delivery of drugs such as chemotherapeutic agents or analgesics. Delivery rate may be externally controlled or osmotically or peristatically controlled with the aid of transcutaneous monitoring.Chorionic Gonadotropin: A gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the PLACENTA. Similar to the pituitary LUTEINIZING HORMONE in structure and function, chorionic gonadotropin is involved in maintaining the CORPUS LUTEUM during pregnancy. CG consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is virtually identical to the alpha subunits of the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, BETA SUBUNIT, HUMAN).Feces: Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.Blotting, Western: Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.Narcotics: Agents that induce NARCOSIS. Narcotics include agents that cause somnolence or induced sleep (STUPOR); natural or synthetic derivatives of OPIUM or MORPHINE or any substance that has such effects. They are potent inducers of ANALGESIA and OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS.Oxidative Stress: A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).Clinical Trials as Topic: Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.Acute Disease: Disease having a short and relatively severe course.Hypoglycemic Agents: Substances which lower blood glucose levels.Rats, Inbred LewEndotoxins: Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.Sheep: Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.Immunoglobulin G: The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.Myocardium: The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.Nicotine: Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.Sulfonamides: A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.Injections, Intradermal: The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.Corpus Striatum: Striped GRAY MATTER and WHITE MATTER consisting of the NEOSTRIATUM and paleostriatum (GLOBUS PALLIDUS). It is located in front of and lateral to the THALAMUS in each cerebral hemisphere. The gray substance is made up of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS and the lentiform nucleus (the latter consisting of the GLOBUS PALLIDUS and PUTAMEN). The WHITE MATTER is the INTERNAL CAPSULE.Intestinal Mucosa: Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.
Homing of stem cells to sites of inflammatory brain injury after intracerebral and intravenous administration: a longitudinal imaging study. (1/222)
(+info)Intravenous therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer: toxicities and adverse events. (2/222)
(+info)Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model-based comparability assessment of a recombinant human Epoetin Alfa and the Biosimilar HX575. (3/222)
(+info)Variability in the use of intravenous thrombolysis for mild stroke: experience across the SPOTRIAS network. (4/222)
(+info)Predictors of survival in a cohort of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis: effect of corticosteroids, methotrexate and azathioprine. (5/222)
(+info)A novel vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKOR) inhibitor, 3-acetyl-5-methyltetronic acid, reduces experimental glomerulonephritis. (6/222)
Excessive proliferation of mesangial cells is observed in various types of glomerular disease including glomerulonephritis (GN), which is progressive in nature and eventually results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Vitamin K(1) 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKOR) and the vitamin K-dependent growth arrest-specific gene 6/Axl pathway play a key role in mesangial cell proliferation in GN. In the present study, we indicate the potential of a VKOR inhibitor, 3-acetyl-5-methyltetronic acid (AMT), to prevent the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells and suppress the progression of GN. AMT was administered intravenously to rats once daily for 12 days and a mouse anti-Thy1 monoclonal antibody was injected intravenously after the AMT treatment on Day 6. Creatinine clearance (CCr) significantly increased and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) significantly decreased in the AMT-treated group of the Thy-1 GN rats. In addition, glomerular and tubular damage was improved histopathologically in the AMT-treated group. AMT did not affect blood coagulation due to its unique pharmacokinetic properties. The concentration of AMT reached the IC(50) for VKOR in kidney, but not in liver. A novel VKOR inhibitor, AMT, reduced renal mesangial cell proliferation and could be a supportive treatment for GN. (+info)Population pharmacokinetic model of canrenone after intravenous administration of potassium canrenoate to paediatric patients. (7/222)
(+info)Paricalcitol versus cinacalcet plus low-dose vitamin D therapy for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients receiving haemodialysis: results of the IMPACT SHPT study. (8/222)
(+info)Intravenous vs oral administration[edit]. Vancomycin must be given intravenously (IV) for systemic therapy, since it is not ... the pills are more expensive than the intravenous solution.[3] The intravenous solution may be safely taken by mouth for the ... Following oral administration, the fecal concentration of vancomycin is around 500 µg/ml[28] (sensitive strains of C. difficile ... Vancomycin is available as a generic medication.[5] The wholesale cost of an intravenous dose is about US$1.70 to 6.00.[10] In ...
Intravenous[edit]. A patient-controlled analgesia infusion pump, configured for intravenous administration of morphine for ... Routes of administration[edit]. Oral[edit]. The most common form of patient-controlled analgesia is self-administration of oral ... In a hospital setting, a PCA refers to an electronically controlled infusion pump that delivers an amount of intravenous ... These are popular for administration of opioids such as fentanyl, or local anesthetics such as lidocaine. Iontocaine is one ...
... prolonged intravenous administration is associated with lower mortality than bolus intravenous infusion in persons with whose ... Administration[edit]. Meropenem is administered intravenously as a white crystalline powder to be dissolved in 5% monobasic ... Vardakas KZ, Voulgaris GL, Maliaros A, Samonis G, Falagas ME (January 2018). "Prolonged versus short-term intravenous infusion ...
Analysis of 872 patients with 978 florbetaben administrations found no serious adverse reactions related to the tracer.[1] All ... Intravenous injections of florbetaben are generally well tolerated in all subject groups. ...
administration. Intravenous. ATC code. *J01DI54 (WHO) (combination with β-lactamase inhibitor). Legal status. ...
The European Commission and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have granted orphan drug status to trabectedin for soft ... administration. Intravenous. ATC code. *L01CX01 (WHO). Legal status. Legal status. *UK: POM (Prescription only) ...
Folotyn was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in September 2009 under the FDA's accelerated approval,[2] ... administration. Intravenous. ATC code. *L01BA05 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *US: ℞-only ...
administration. intravenous. ATCvet code. *QJ01XX95 (WHO) Pharmacokinetic data. Bioavailability. negligible oral ...
Food and Drug Administration. 2006-02-21. Archived from the original on 10 July 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-01.. ... "Eraxis (anidulafungin) for Injection, for Intravenous Use. Full Prescribing Information". Roerig (Division of Pfizer, Inc.), ... Trissel LA and Ogundele AB, "Compatibility of Anidulafungin With Other Drugs During Simulated Y-Site Administration,"Am J ... Pfizer gained approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on February 21, 2006.[17] ...
administration. Intravenous. ATC code. *J01DI54 (WHO) (combination with β-lactamase inhibitor). Legal status. ... Miller B, Hershberger E, Benziger D, Trinh M, Friedland I (June 2012). "Pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous ceftolozane- ... no significant drug-drug or food-drug interactions have been associated with ceftolozane/tazobactam administration. However, ...
"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.. *^ a b c Lanigan, R. S.; Yamarik, T. A. (2002). "Final report on the safety assessment of ... US Food and Drug Administration: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition Questions and Answers on the Occurrence of ...
It gained European approval in 1996 (initially in France) and approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2002. ... administration. Intravenous. ATC code. *L01XA03 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *US: ℞-only ...
administration. Intravenous. ATC code. *M03AC09 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *UK: POM (Prescription only) ...
Recreational use of the drug via self-administration has been reported[25][26] but is relatively rare due to its potency and ... A more serious but rare side effect is dystonia.[52] Mild myoclonic movements are common, as with other intravenous hypnotic ... The US Food and Drug Administration approved the product in 2008.[74] However fospropofol is a Schedule IV controlled substance ... However, the first execution by the administration of a lethal dose of propofol was halted on October 11, 2013, by governor Jay ...
administration. Intravenous infusion. ATC code. *none. Legal status. Legal status. *US: ℞-only ...
administration. intravenous, topical. ATC code. *B05BB01 (WHO) Ringer's lactate solution (RL), also known as sodium lactate ... For fluid resuscitation the usual rate of administration is 20 to 30 ml/kg body weight/hour. RL is not suitable for maintenance ... Careful monitoring of blood acid-base balance is essential during the administration of sodium lactate.. ... aggressive administration of sodium lactate may result in metabolic alkalosis. ...
administration. Oral, intravenous. ATC code. *N05AC03 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *In general: ℞ (Prescription only) ...
... has been approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration on June 20, 2014, for the treatment of acute bacterial Skin ... or through an intravenous injection (if patient is older than 18 years old).[4] ... following administration of the drug either orally or intravenously.[4][6] Once activated, tedizolid exerts its bacteriostatic ...
After intravenous infusion it is extensively metabolised in the liver by cytochrome p450. More than 95% of the drug is bound to ... In March 2008, Cephalon received approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration to market bendamustine in the US ...
administration. oral, intravenous. ATC code. *C02AC02 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *AU: S4 (Prescription only) ...
The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has ruled that vinpocetine, due to its synthetic nature and proposed therapeutic uses ... this effect tends to be reversible upon cessation of vinpocetine administration, with full remission typically occurring within ... administration. Oral, intravenous. ATC code. *N06BX18 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *US: Withdrawn ...
administration. Intravenous, rectal. ATC code. *N01AF01 (WHO) N05CA15 (WHO). Legal status. Legal status. *AU: S4 (Prescription ...
The two types of response seen with administration of L-DOPA are:. *The short-duration response is related to the half-life of ... More serious are the effects of chronic L-DOPA administration in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, which include:. *End-of- ... Excessive peripheral dopamine signaling causes many of the adverse side effects seen with sole L-DOPA administration. To bypass ... This metabolic pathway is nonexistent in the healthy body, but becomes important after peripheral L-DOPA administration in ...
Route of administration[edit]. rFVIIa is normally administered intravenously (IV) under physician supervision. ... administration. Intravenous injection. ATC code. *B02BD05 (WHO) Legal status. Legal status. *US: ℞-only ...
... for systemic administration is available as an oral tablet, an intramuscular injection, and as a solution for ... intravenous infusion.[15] Furthermore, levothyroxine is available as both brand-name and generic products.[11] While the United ... According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration pregnancy categories, levothyroxine has been assigned Pregnancy Category A.[ ... States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of generic levothyroxine for brand-name levothyroxine in 2004, the ...
"U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).. *Ebola: What You Need to Know - Scientific American articles related to Ebola; note ... or giving intravenous fluids as well as treating symptoms.[1] Atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab (Inmazeb) was approved for ... "U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 14 October 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2020.. This article incorporates ... "U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 20 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.. ...
... is disclosed which is capable of introducing fluid from a plurality of sources of intravenous fluids into a patient and which ... to the sources of intravenous fluid. The air-eliminating filter (32) ensures that air or bacteria introduced into the assembly ... The present invention relates to intravenous administration sets in general and, in particular, to intravenous administration ... 1. An intravenous administration set assembly capable of use with at least three differing sources of intravenous fluid ...
... promethazine intravenous administration promethazine intravenous administration. phenergan intravenous administration ... Phenergan intravenous administration. Phenergan intravenous administration. July 10, 2017 by Filed under Provigil dosage weight ... pyrogen-free solution for deep intramuscular phenergan intravenous administration or intravenous administration. 25-15mg/5ml, ... Phenergan intravenous administration: Para Que Sirve Gemfibrozilo De 300 Mg; Orlistat 120 Mg Com 42 Cpsulas - Neo Quimica - ...
A method of preparing gamma globulin suitable for intravenous administration comprising a first step of treating a supernatant ... Lyophilized native gamma globulin preparation for intravenous administration. US4276283 *. Sep 10, 1979. Jun 30, 1981. Immuno ... albumin and which is suitable for intravenous administration, comprising the steps of:. mixing together a sample of human blood ... albumin and which is suitable for intravenous administration, comprising the steps of:. mixing together a sample of human blood ...
Cerebrospinal Fluid Distribution of Ibuprofen After Intravenous Administration in Children. Hannu Kokki, Elina Kumpulainen, ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Distribution of Ibuprofen After Intravenous Administration in Children. Hannu Kokki, Elina Kumpulainen, ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Distribution of Ibuprofen After Intravenous Administration in Children Message Subject (Your Name) has sent ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Distribution of Ibuprofen After Intravenous Administration in Children. Hannu Kokki, Elina Kumpulainen, ...
... (Received 20 March 1997 ... Title Postmortem Amitriptyline Pharmacokinetics in Pigs after Oral and Intravenous Routes of Administration. Symposium , ... and metabolites in pigs after oral and intravenous administration, and the results are compared with previous studies in rats ... Of a total of 9 over-night fasted pigs, 3 were given 25 mg/Kg Ami orally, and another 3 pigs received an intravenous infusion ...
Epoprostenol Powder for Intravenous Administration) may treat, uses, dosage, side effects, drug interactions, warnings, patient ... epoprostenol) Powder for Intravenous (IV) Administration. DESCRIPTION. Epoprostenol sodium is the sodium salt of epoprostenol, ... Administration. VELETRI, once prepared as directed [see Reconstitution], is administered by continuous intravenous infusion via ... home drugs a-z list side effects drug center veletri (epoprostenol powder for intravenous administration) drug ...
... and/or nutrients contained in respective liquid containers includes a plurality of liquid intravenous administration sets, each ... the flow path being bounded over a portion of its length by a flexible intravenous tube, and a plurality of indicia, each ... administration set defining a flow path from a point of entry adapted to be fluidly connected to a respective liquid container ... liquid reservoirs containing one of the medicaments and/or nutrients and associated with a respective one of the administration ...
intravenous administration of C1-Inhibitor, after the end of the first observation period (at least after 7 days), each arm ... In case of acute oedema in patients suffering from HAE, the intravenous administration of C1-INH concentrate (e.g., Berinert P ... The study is performed to investigate the subcutaneous (s.c.) versus intravenous (i.v.) administration of Berinert P in ... Berinert P Study of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Administration (PASSION). This study has been completed. ...
Notes from the Field: Adverse Events Associated with Administration of Simulation Intravenous Fluids to Patients - United ... A sample of the simulated saline product inadvertently administered to multiple patients as sterile intravenous fluid, with ... Simultaneously, the Food and Drug Administration issued an alert, warning health care professionals not to use any Wallcur ... Both patients experienced a febrile illness during product administration and were hospitalized; one patient developed sepsis ...
Intravenous (IV) iron is widely used to treat anemia in chronic kidney disease patients. Previously, iron formulations were ... Intravenous (IV) iron is widely used to treat anemia in chronic kidney disease patients. Previously, iron formulations were ... Administration of Intravenous Iron Formulations Induces Complement Activation in-vivo. Bernardo Faria1,2,3†, Mariana Gaya da ... Slow intravenous iron administration does not aggravate oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers during hemodialysis: a ...
... ... "Frequency of acute kidney injury following intravenous contrast medium administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis," ... R. J. McDonald, J. S. McDonald, J. P. Bida et al., "Intravenous contrast material-induced nephropathy: causal or coincident ... "Contrast material-induced nephrotoxicity and intravenous low-osmolality iodinated contrast material," Radiology, vol. 267, no. ...
Cx611-0101, eASCs Intravenous Administration to Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. The safety and scientific validity of ... Intravenous administration of expanded allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in refractory rheumatoid arthritis ( ... single blind clinical trial to assess the safety of the intravenous administration of expanded allogeneic adipose-derived ... Phase Ib/IIa, Escalating Dose, Single Blind, Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety of the i.v Administration of Allogeneic ...
Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Outbreak of Hepatitis C Associated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin Administration -- United ... On February 21, 1994, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was notified of 14 possible cases from three different countries ... Preliminary analysis of data from epidemiologic studies suggests that HCV transmission is not related to the administration of ... Editorial Note: The temporal association of acute hepatitis C with Gammagard {Registered} administration and the absence of ...
This research suggests that the intravenous administration of MSC-spheroids may constitute an effective new approach for the ... enabling their intravenous administration and access to the brain. It is shown, in an animal model of chronic ethanol intake ... that both the intravenous and intra-cerebroventricular administration of a single dose of MSC-spheroids inhibited chronic ... The MSC-spheroid administration fully normalized alcohol-induced neuroinflammation, as shown by a reduced astrocyte activation ...
... administration of contrast medium (CM) for opacifcation of the upper urinary tract (UUT) for multidetector computed tomography ... The optimal delay time after intravenous (i.v.) ... The optimal delay time after intravenous (i.v.) administration ... MDCT urography: retrospective determination of optimal delay time after intravenous contrast administration. ... Dyer RB, Chen MY, Zagoria RJ (2001) Intravenous urography: technique and interpretation. Radiographics 21:799-824PubMedGoogle ...
... this complication is not well known in ischemic stroke patients who receive intravenous (IV) t-PA ... Infusions, Intravenous. Myocardium / pathology. Paresis / etiology. Stroke / complications*, drug therapy. Thrombolytic Therapy ... this complication is not well known in ischemic stroke patients who receive intravenous (IV) t-PA.. METHODS: Case report. ...
Duret haemorrhage during intravenous administration of thrombolytic therapy Hemorragia de Duret durante la perfusión de ... Inicio Neurología (English Edition) Duret haemorrhage during intravenous administration of thrombolytic therapy ... Clinical deterioration and early imaging changes after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator administration in acute ... Intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator for treatment of acute stroke: the Standard Treatment with Alteplase to Reverse ...
... Lucía ... Lucía Calatrava-Ferreras, Rafael Gonzalo-Gobernado, Antonio S. Herranz, et al., "Effects of Intravenous Administration of Human ...
A Study of Diazepam After Intranasal and Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers. This study has been completed. ... A Study of Diazepam After Intranasal and Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers. ... and injectable diazepam after intravenous (I.V.) administration. Bioavailability is a measure of how much drug is absorbed ... and injectable diazepam after intravenous (I.V.) administration. ... It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for ...
Population pharmacokinetic modeling of LY2189102 after multiple intravenous and subcutaneous administrations.. Bihorel S1, ... Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of LY2189102 after Multiple Intravenous and Subcutaneous Administrations. AAPS J. 2014 Sep; ... Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of LY2189102 after Multiple Intravenous and Subcutaneous Administrations. AAPS J. 2014 Sep; ... Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of LY2189102 after Multiple Intravenous and Subcutaneous Administrations. AAPS J. 2014 Sep; ...
Intestinal Infarction after Intravenous Cocaine Administration Ronald S. Freudenberger, MD; Mitchell S. Cappell, MD, PhD; ... Intestinal Infarction after Intravenous Cocaine Administration. Ann Intern Med. ;113:715-716. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-113-9-715 ... We report a case of acute mesenteric ischemia after intravenous administration of cocaine, which extends previously reported ... A 38-year-old thin male intravenous cocaine abuser was found at work to be lethargic but arousable after intravenously self- ...
Effects of Perioperative Administration of Intravenous Ibuprofen or Intravenous Parecoxib on Morphine Consumption. Kirollos, ... Effects of Perioperative Administration of Intravenous Ibuprofen or Intravenous Parecoxib on Morphine Consumption ...
... includes a plurality of liquid intravenous administration sets (32), each administration set (32) defining a flow path from a ... the flow path being bounded over a portion of its length by a flexible intravenous tube (36), and a plurality of indicia, each ... liquid reservoirs containing one of the medicaments and/or nutrients and associated with a respective one of the administration ... A system for the intravenous administration of a plurality of medicaments and/or nutrients contained in respective liquid ...
Acute and subacute toxicity studies on triptolide and triptolide-loaded polymeric micelles following intravenous administration ...
The administration sets and add-on devices such as caps and access hubs should be replaced no more frequently than every 72 ... The administration of complex outpatient infusion therapy in AIDS patients is driven by patient needs as well as by cost ... Administration sets, including secondary sets and add-on devices such as caps and access hubs, should be replaced no more ... The administration sets and add-on devices should be replaced within 24 hours of initiating an infusion of blood, blood ...
InfusionsMultiple intravenousInjectionsMiddle CerebrRecombinantEfficacyInserted intoSuitable for intravenousIVIGRatsMETHODSToxicityTumorVersusOralHumansFlunixin meglumineIntrathecalMedicationRegimensDrugFluidTissueSodiumRouteCardiacInadvertentLipopolysaccharideStudyClinical trialsOrallySystemicInfarctionVivoAntihypertensive
- The intravenous (IV) route of administration can be used for injections (with a syringe at higher pressures) or infusions (typically using only the pressure supplied by gravity). (wikipedia.org)
- Intravenous infusions are commonly referred to as drips. (wikipedia.org)
- Population pharmacokinetic modeling of LY2189102 after multiple intravenous and subcutaneous administrations. (nih.gov)
- The aim of this study was to know the pharmacokinetic parameters of salicylic acid in New Zealand sheep after administration of multiple intravenous and oral doses of sodium salicylate (sodium salt of salicylic acid). (mdpi.com)
- This study investigated the tissue distribution and toxic effects of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe-QDs) in male BALB/c mice for up to 1 week after single-dose intravenous injections. (americanelements.com)
- We present the case of a patient who died after a massive brainstem haemorrhage, possibly secondary to a transtentorial herniation (Duret haemorrhage) during treatment of a proximal occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). (elsevier.es)
- Emergency superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administration for acute cerebral ischemia in a patient with moyamoya disease. (curehunter.com)
- The purpose of this study is to show that subcutaneous (SC) administration of daratumumab co-formulated with recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (Dara SC) is non-inferior to intravenous (IV) administration of daratumumab (Dara IV) in terms of the overall response rate (ORR) and maximum trough concentration (Ctrough). (vchri.ca)
- The study was designed to test the hypothesis that in the presence of moderate hypotension, intraaortic balloon counterpulsation would enhance coronary thrombolysis induced by intravenous administration of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). (onlinejacc.org)
- The efficacy of i.v. administration of nonreplicating adenoviral vectors may be limited by several factors. (aacrjournals.org)
- The results demonstrate that ONYX-015 localized and replicated efficiently within tumors following i.v. administration and that viral replication was associated with significant antitumoral efficacy. (aacrjournals.org)
- First, by avoiding systemic toxicity, targeted administration via alternative routes may enlarge the design space for oncologic drugs, thus leading to drug candidates with improved efficacy. (ttp.com)
- However, due to the systemic nature of intravenous delivery, the design space for suitable drug candidates is constrained by the conflicting requirements of efficacy, toxicity and drug physicochemical characteristics. (ttp.com)
- As a result, propacetamol, an intravenous, water-soluble prodrug of acetaminophen with a well-established analgesic efficacy and safety profile, has been widely prescribed in Europe for the management of acute pain for the past 20 yr. (asahq.org)
- During IV administration a catheter is inserted into their patient's vein. (shopmedvet.com)
- A method of preparing gamma globulin suitable for intravenous administration comprising a first step of treating a supernatant liquid separated from human blood plasma with ethanol under conditions of a pH of 5.5 to 6.5, an ethanol concentration of 30 to 35%, and a protein concentration of 1 to 2% by. (google.com)
- Hemorheological changes due to intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIg) administration have been considered to influence blood viscosity and this way the blood flow in microcirculation. (iospress.com)
- Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been used to try to circumvent this risk, but no data exist regarding its safety and prevalence in a health maintenance organization. (thepermanentejournal.org)
- Administration of IVIG significantly correlated with a history of double-delayed intensification and prior bacteremia or fungemia. (thepermanentejournal.org)
- In this study, the factors influencing the disposition and biotransformation of 1-BrP were examined in male F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice following inhalation exposure (800 ppm) or intravenous administration (5, 20, and 100 mg/kg). (rti.org)
- Methylphenidate enhances the abuse-related behavioral effects of nicotine in rats: intravenous self-administration, drug discrimination, and locomotor cross-sensitization. (uky.edu)
- Intravenous administration of the spin-trapping agent alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-t-butylnitrone (POBN) to anesthetized but otherwise untreated rats was used to test for formation of 1-hydroxyethyl radicals in vivo. (aspetjournals.org)
- Differences between the studies with respect to study design and methods of ascorbate administration are now thought to be significant in explaining this discrepancy. (researchsquare.com)
- These data suggest that chronic and cumulative toxicity of nanomaterials to organs with abundant capillaries should be assessed if such nanomaterials are applied via intravenous administration. (dovepress.com)
- In addition, i.v. administration might also cause toxicity because of the exposure of normal cells to virus. (aacrjournals.org)
- In this preliminary analysis of GORTEC 2000-2002, the toxicity profiles of subcutaneous and intravenous amifostine appeared relatively similar. (oncolink.org)
- The present report describes a successful reversal of ivermectin toxicity by intravenous administration of a commercially available lipid emulsion in a captive African lion (Panthera leo). (altmetric.com)
- To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the use of lipid emulsion in the management of ivermectin induced blindness in an African lion and it appears that intravenous lipid emulsion may be an effective therapy in ivermectin toxicity in lions. (altmetric.com)
- Strategies are, therefore, needed to selectively amplify the expression of viral vectors in tumor tissue following i.v. administration. (aacrjournals.org)
- In vivo evaluation of paclitaxel-loaded lipid nanocapsules after intravenous and oral administration on resistant tumor. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
- Purpose: PV701, a replication-competent strain of Newcastle disease virus, causes regression of tumor xenografts after intravenous administration. (elsevier.com)
- In the present study, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured in 3D-conditions to generate MSC-spheroids, which greatly increased MSCs anti-inflammatory ability and reduced cell volume by 90% versus conventionally 2D-cultured MSCs, enabling their intravenous administration and access to the brain. (nature.com)
- Intrathecal morphine versus intravenous opioid administration to impact postoperative analgesia in hepato-pancreatic surgery: a randomized controlled trial. (ovid.com)
- Results of the study suggest that the half-life of the drug was shorter and clearance was faster after intravenous administration as compared to that of the oral administration. (mdpi.com)
- Blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30 min and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after IV and oral SS administrations. (mdpi.com)
- These data strongly indicate that chitosan is usable as a novel carrier of drugs in the drug delivery system for oral and intravenous administration. (springer.com)
- Hirano S., Seino H., Akiyama Y., Nonaka I. (1990) Chitosan: A Biocompatible Material for Oral and Intravenous Administrations. (springer.com)
- A US study suggests that intramuscular administration of the pain control medication, flunixin meglumine is more effective that the oral route. (thepigsite.com)
- Twenty-six adult cats were enrolled in a pharmacokinetic study evaluating either intravenous or oral administration of lotilaner. (springer.com)
- Following the oral administration at a dosage of 6 mg/kg, under fed or fasted conditions, or intravenous administration of 3 mg/kg, blood samples were collected up to 35 days after treatment. (springer.com)
- The aim of this study is to develop a sensitive HPLC method for the quantitative determination of cytisine in serum and to characterize the pharmacokinetic behaviour of cytisine after oral and intravenous administration in rabbits. (sciendo.com)
- The pharmacokinetic behaviour of cytisine is studied in male and female New Zealand rabbits after oral and intravenous administration. (sciendo.com)
- Basic pharmacokinetic parameters of cytisine after single oral and intravenous administration are calculated using TOPFIT software. (sciendo.com)
- Pharmacokinetic analysis suggests a rapid but incomplete absorption of cytisine after oral administration. (sciendo.com)
- The most common form of patient-controlled analgesia is self-administration of oral over-the-counter or prescription painkillers . (wikipedia.org)
- Experimental infection has been produced with oral administration of infected insects and subcutaneous inoculation of N. risticii. (wikipedia.org)
- Mild cases may be treated with oral doxycycline, while severe cases are usually treated with intravenous oxytetracycline. (wikipedia.org)
- The minimum effective concentration required to produce analgesia in humans (16.8 µL) was achieved in sheep for about 0.17 h in the current study after intravenous administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of sodium salicylate. (mdpi.com)
- The minimum plasma SA concentration (16.8 µg/mL) reported to produce analgesia in humans was achieved after IV administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg SS in sheep for about 0.17 h in this study. (mdpi.com)
- Due to the difficulties in obtaining tissue samples from humans, we used a rabbit model for evaluating the retinal and brain penetration of foscarnet after its intravenous administration. (asm.org)
- Intravenous administration of L-arginine inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme in humans. (semanticscholar.org)
- The iv administration of L-arginine, a precursor of endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide, is known to decrease blood pressure in humans by its direct vasodilatory effects. (semanticscholar.org)
- The researchers conclude from their results that PO administration of flunixin meglumine is not the most effective route for mature swine when compared to IV and IM. (thepigsite.com)
- This study therefore was designed to characterize the spinal cord and plasma bioavailability of methylprednisolone after intravenous and intrathecal administration. (asahq.org)
- IV administration sends medication into the patient's bloodstream. (shopmedvet.com)
- This could lead to clinically important consequences, such as unintended medication administration. (apsf.org)
- Providers must always observe the first administration of any PCA medication which has not already been administered by the provider to respond to allergic reactions. (wikipedia.org)
- The nonlinear kinetics of dextrorphan after iv administration appeared to occur only after potentially toxic dosing regimens of dextrorphan hydrochloride. (aspetjournals.org)
- We also present criteria for selecting children for premedication prior to intravenous contrast administration, and suggest pediatric regimens. (springermedizin.de)
- Div of Transfusion Transmitted Diseases and Div of Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration. (cdc.gov)
- 11 Therefore, a higher local drug concentration by intracoronary administration of abciximab is expected to further improve clinical outcome. (ahajournals.org)
- Second, targeted administration also has the potential to enhance the effects of other, formulation-based targeting technologies by helping drug entities overcome the physiological barriers that hinder drug transport and retention. (ttp.com)
- The maturity of intravenous delivery can feel reassuring amongst the many uncertainties during the early phases of drug discovery. (ttp.com)
- In the present study, we characterized the behavioral pharmacological interactions between methylphenidate and nicotine in the intravenous self-administration, drug discrimination, and locomotor cross-sensitization procedures. (uky.edu)
- Technology and software for operating room drug offer major safety improvement but will require significant practice changes, including use of bar code scanning, documentation before administration, decision support tools, standardization between OR and inpatients, and compliance with the use of the new process. (apsf.org)
- Study design, drug administration, and sampling. (asm.org)
- This goal could be accomplished by administering methylprednisolone directly at the site of injury or by developing strategies to increase spinal cord drug exposure after intravenous administration of methylprednisolone. (asahq.org)
- Intravenous drug administration during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a randomized trial. (roguemedic.com)
- An air-eliminating filter (32) is attached to a manifold formed of fittings (26) which are connected through inlet adapters (28) to the sources of intravenous fluid. (google.com.au)
- 3. An intravenous administration set assembly as claimed in claim 2 wherein the tubing means (38, 46, 56) further includes a second fitting (40) having an inlet adapter (43) provided thereon which is capable of being locked to a source of biological fluid for introduction to a patient which may not pass through an air-eliminating filter. (google.com.au)
- Moreover, the effectiveness of a targeted administration route is heavily influenced by the device-specific delivery parameters, such as fluid pressures and flow rates, and therefore requires multidisciplinary understanding of tissue biomechanics and anatomic and fluidic principles to complement medical device design and development. (ttp.com)
- Understanding the composition of fluid prescribed and administering an appropriate rate is essential for safe fluid administration, along with regular monitoring" McNab (2016). (ivteam.com)
- This should lead to a change in guidelines: isotonic fluid should now be used as the primary maintenance intravenous fluid given to the majority of children. (ivteam.com)
- McNab, S. (2016) Intravenous maintenance fluid therapy in children. (ivteam.com)
- Steers were also intraruminally pulse-dosed with 5 g of Co-EDTA immediately prior to treatment administration, and rumen fluid samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 24 h for ruminal liquid volume and dilution rate calculations. (oregonstate.edu)
- The intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver medications and fluid replacement throughout the body, because the circulation carries them. (wikipedia.org)
- Intravenous therapy may be used for fluid replacement (such as correcting dehydration), to correct electrolyte imbalances, to deliver medications, and for blood transfusions. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein levels of type-I and type-III collagens, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 were upregulated after intravenous exposure to c-SWNTs as determined by immunohistochemical assays and Western blotting, which suggested collagen deposition and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. (dovepress.com)
- Retina, vitreous humor, brain, and CSF samples were obtained at 30 and 90 min and 60 and 120 min, so that each animal yielded tissue data for two different time points, before being euthanatized with intravenous pentobarbital. (asm.org)
- The present invention relates to a method for improving tissue tolerance of and resistance to an ischemic event in a patient, preferably a human, by administering an intravenous formulation containing an effective amount of a halogenated volatile anesthetic (HVA) to the patient. (justia.com)
- Epoprostenol sodium is the sodium salt of epoprostenol, formulated as a sterile lyophilized powder for intravenous (IV) administration. (rxlist.com)
- Clearly, the intra-cerebroventricular administration is not a preferred route for the treatment of a chronic disease such alcoholism. (nature.com)
- Currently, the most widely accepted route of delivery for oncologic drugs is intravenous administration. (ttp.com)
- Additionally, the findings support further investigation of the IV BCG administration in clinical trials to determine whether this route improves effectiveness in teens and adults. (contagionlive.com)
- Compared with placebo, GIK administration was also not associated with improvement in 30-day survival, but was associated with lower rates of the composite outcome of cardiac arrest or in-hospital mortality. (acc.org)
- Septicaemia resulting from inadvertent intravenous administration of enteral nutrient solution. (biomedsearch.com)
- Septicaemia caused by inadvertent intravenous administration of enteral nutrition solution (ENS) is a potentially lethal complication of continuous enteral tube feeding. (biomedsearch.com)
- Effects of intravenous lipopolysaccharide administration on feed intake, ruminal forage degradability, and liquid parameters and physiological responses in beef cattle. (oregonstate.edu)
- It was found out that 1 h after the administration of lipopolysaccharide at the dosage rate of 10 µg/kg body weight resulted in a decrease in the phagocytic parameters, i.e. the phagocytic number and the index of phagocytic activity, which was followed by an increase in their values between post treatment hours 2 and 4. (up.ac.za)
- 10 A recent study has reported that local GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition is higher with intracoronary administration of the GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor eptifibatide. (ahajournals.org)
- The results of this study suggest that administration of intravenous nicorandil prior to PCI may reduce the incidence of SCF in both the ACS and non-ACS populations. (acc.org)
- A Randomized, Multi-centre Cross-over Study to Evaluate Patient Preference and Health Care Professional (HCP) Satisfaction With Subcutaneous (SC) Administration of Trastuzumab in HER2-positive Early Breast Cancer (EBC). (knowcancer.com)
- Intravenous delivery remains the dominant paradigm in oncology, but even with precision medicine few drugs pass late stage clinical trials. (ttp.com)
- This will be the first clinical attempt of the intravenous administration of ATP and PCr combined with orally administered fluoxetine in MDD. (biomedcentral.com)
- Biodistribution and Systemic Effects in Mice Following Intravenous Administration of Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dot Nanoparticles. (americanelements.com)
- Background- Administration of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor abciximab is an effective adjunctive treatment strategy during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. (ahajournals.org)
- Metabolism of ethanol to 1-hydroxyethyl radicals in vivo: detection with intravenous administration of alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-t-butylnitrone. (aspetjournals.org)
- On the way to hospital, unknown atrial fibrillation was detected, with controlled ventricular response and arterial pressure of 200/100 mm Hg, subsequently decreasing without administration of antihypertensive treatment. (elsevier.es)