Adjuvants, Immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
Freund's Adjuvant
An antigen solution emulsified in mineral oil. The complete form is made up of killed, dried mycobacteria, usually M. tuberculosis, suspended in the oil phase. It is effective in stimulating cell-mediated immunity (IMMUNITY, CELLULAR) and potentiates the production of certain IMMUNOGLOBULINS in some animals. The incomplete form does not contain mycobacteria.
Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic
Aluminum Hydroxide
Combined Modality Therapy
Immunization
Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).
Tamoxifen
Fluorouracil
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Disease-Free Survival
Neoplasm Staging
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
Antineoplastic agents that are used to treat hormone-sensitive tumors. Hormone-sensitive tumors may be hormone-dependent, hormone-responsive, or both. A hormone-dependent tumor regresses on removal of the hormonal stimulus, by surgery or pharmacological block. Hormone-responsive tumors may regress when pharmacologic amounts of hormones are administered regardless of whether previous signs of hormone sensitivity were observed. The major hormone-responsive cancers include carcinomas of the breast, prostate, and endometrium; lymphomas; and certain leukemias. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1994, p2079)
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
Treatment Outcome
Vaccines
Survival Analysis
A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.
Arthritis, Experimental
Prognosis
Antibody Formation
Vaccines, Subunit
Cyclophosphamide
Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.
Immunoglobulin G
Lymphatic Metastasis
Survival Rate
Vaccination
Immunity, Mucosal
Nonsusceptibility to the pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or antigenic substances as a result of antibody secretions of the mucous membranes. Mucosal epithelia in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts produce a form of IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) that serves to protect these ports of entry into the body.
Levamisole
An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6)
Saponins
Aromatase Inhibitors
Polysorbates
Cholera Toxin
An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells, and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.
Follow-Up Studies
Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine
Cancer Vaccines
Vaccines, Synthetic
Methotrexate
Lymph Nodes
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Hypersensitivity, Delayed
Neoadjuvant Therapy
Epirubicin
Receptors, Estrogen
ISCOMs
A formulation for presenting an antigen to induce specific immunologic responses. It consists of an assembly of antigens in multimeric form. The assembly is attached to a matrix with a built-in adjuvant, saponin. ISCOMs induce strong serum antibody responses, and are used as highly immunogenic forms of subunit vaccines.
Vaccines, DNA
Recombinant DNA vectors encoding antigens administered for the prevention or treatment of disease. The host cells take up the DNA, express the antigen, and present it to the immune system in a manner similar to that which would occur during natural infection. This induces humoral and cellular immune responses against the encoded antigens. The vector is called naked DNA because there is no need for complex formulations or delivery agents; the plasmid is injected in saline or other buffers.
Bacterial Vaccines
Doxorubicin
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Lipid A
Immunity, Humoral
Immunity, Cellular
Clinical Trials as Topic
Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.
Leucovorin
Nitriles
Adjuvants, Anesthesia
Drug Administration Schedule
Th1 Cells
Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete interleukin-2, gamma-interferon, and interleukin-12. Due to their ability to kill antigen-presenting cells and their lymphokine-mediated effector activity, Th1 cells are associated with vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.
Vaccines, Inactivated
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)
Anthracyclines
Dendritic Cells
Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).
Influenza Vaccines
Vaccines used to prevent infection by viruses in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. It includes both killed and attenuated vaccines. The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains. The vaccine is usually bivalent or trivalent, containing one or two INFLUENZAVIRUS A strains and one INFLUENZAVIRUS B strain.
Receptor, erbB-2
A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. It has extensive homology to and heterodimerizes with the EGF RECEPTOR, the ERBB-3 RECEPTOR, and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member.
Cisplatin
An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Interferon-gamma
The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
Injections, Subcutaneous
Immunization, Secondary
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Immunotherapy
Proportional Hazards Models
Lymph Node Excision
Tegafur
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)
Malaria Vaccines
Cord Factors
Tumor Markers, Biological
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.
Receptors, Progesterone
Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.
Mastectomy, Segmental
Mineral Oil
Neoplasm Metastasis
Injections, Intramuscular
Immunoglobulin A
Emulsions
Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES.
Postmenopause
Premenopause
Injections, Intradermal
Prospective Studies
Viral Vaccines
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Multivariate Analysis
Colorectal Neoplasms
Disease Models, Animal
Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent
Enterotoxins
Th2 Cells
Sarcoma
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Semustine
BCG Vaccine
Immunoglobulin A, Secretory
Bacterial Toxins
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.
Taxoids
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Antibodies from non-human species whose protein sequences have been modified to make them nearly identical with human antibodies. If the constant region and part of the variable region are replaced, they are called humanized. If only the constant region is modified they are called chimeric. INN names for humanized antibodies end in -zumab.
Nasal Mucosa
Antibodies
Immunohistochemistry
Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
Works about comparative studies to verify the effectiveness of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques determined in phase II studies. During these trials, patients are monitored closely by physicians to identify any adverse reactions from long-term use. These studies are performed on groups of patients large enough to identify clinically significant responses and usually last about three years. This concept includes phase III studies conducted in both the U.S. and in other countries.
Paclitaxel
AIDS Vaccines
Antigens, Neoplasm
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
A class of drugs that differs from other alkylating agents used clinically in that they are monofunctional and thus unable to cross-link cellular macromolecules. Among their common properties are a requirement for metabolic activation to intermediates with antitumor efficacy and the presence in their chemical structures of N-methyl groups, that after metabolism, can covalently modify cellular DNA. The precise mechanisms by which each of these drugs acts to kill tumor cells are not completely understood. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2026)
Injections, Intraperitoneal
Interleukin-12
A heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses. Interleukin-12 is a 70 kDa protein that is composed of covalently linked 40 kDa and 35 kDa subunits. It is produced by DENDRITIC CELLS; MACROPHAGES and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of INTERFERON-GAMMA production by T-LYMPHOCYTES and NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.
Liposomes
Immunotherapy, Active
Active immunization where vaccine is administered for therapeutic or preventive purposes. This can include administration of immunopotentiating agents such as BCG vaccine and Corynebacterium parvum as well as biological response modifiers such as interferons, interleukins, and colony-stimulating factors in order to directly stimulate the immune system.
Gastrectomy
Menopause
Mastectomy, Radical
Antigens, Protozoan
Organoplatinum Compounds
Dacarbazine
Postoperative Care
Actuarial Analysis
The application of probability and statistical methods to calculate the risk of occurrence of any event, such as onset of illness, recurrent disease, hospitalization, disability, or death. It may include calculation of the anticipated money costs of such events and of the premiums necessary to provide for payment of such costs.
SEER Program
A cancer registry mandated under the National Cancer Act of 1971 to operate and maintain a population-based cancer reporting system, reporting periodically estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program is a continuing project of the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health. Among its goals, in addition to assembling and reporting cancer statistics, are the monitoring of annual cancer incident trends and the promoting of studies designed to identify factors amenable to cancer control interventions. (From National Cancer Institute, NIH Publication No. 91-3074, October 1990)
Goserelin
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Carcinoma
Mastectomy, Modified Radical
Age Factors
Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.
Brachytherapy
Risk Factors
Predictive Value of Tests
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
Guinea Pigs
Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Immunity
Orchitis
Inflammation of a TESTIS. It has many features of EPIDIDYMITIS, such as swollen SCROTUM; PAIN; PYURIA; and FEVER. It is usually related to infections in the URINARY TRACT, which likely spread to the EPIDIDYMIS and then the TESTIS through either the VAS DEFERENS or the lymphatics of the SPERMATIC CORD.
Risk Assessment
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
A structurally diverse group of compounds distinguished from ESTROGENS by their ability to bind and activate ESTROGEN RECEPTORS but act as either an agonist or antagonist depending on the tissue type and hormonal milieu. They are classified as either first generation because they demonstrate estrogen agonist properties in the ENDOMETRIUM or second generation based on their patterns of tissue specificity. (Horm Res 1997;48:155-63)
Autoimmune Diseases
Immunity, Active
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
Quality of Life
Inflammation
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Immunoglobulin E
Immunization, Passive
Neoplasms, Second Primary
Abnormal growths of tissue that follow a previous neoplasm but are not metastases of the latter. The second neoplasm may have the same or different histological type and can occur in the same or different organs as the previous neoplasm but in all cases arises from an independent oncogenic event. The development of the second neoplasm may or may not be related to the treatment for the previous neoplasm since genetic risk or predisposing factors may actually be the cause.
Activity in saline of phthalylated or succinylated derivatives of mycobacterial water-soluble adjuvant. (1/6132)
A water-soluble fraction (WSA) of the cell wall can substitute for mycobacterial cells in Freund complete adjuvant. However, when WSA is administered in saline instead of in a water-in-oil emulsion, its adjuvant activity is very weak, and under certain experimental conditions it can even inhibit the humoral immune response. The data reported in the present study show that after treatment by phthalic or succinic anhydride the adjuvant activity of WSA was markedly changed, since high levels of circulating antibodies were produced when these derivatives were administered with an antigen in an aqueous medium. Moreover, the antigenic determinants of WSA were modified and acylated WSA had no tuberculin-like activity. (+info)Systemic administration of rIL-12 synergistically enhances the therapeutic effect of a TNF gene-transduced cancer vaccine. (2/6132)
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent antitumor cytokine, which induces and enhances the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). IL-12 also stimulates IFN-gamma production from both T cells and NK cells. In this study, we transfected methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma (MCA-D) with TNF gene and investigated the therapeutic effect of TNF gene-transduced cancer vaccine and whether the vaccination effect is enhanced by systemic administration of recombinant IL-12 (rIL-12), in a murine model. TNF gene-transduced cancer vaccine or systemic administration of rIL-12 showed slight or moderate inhibition of pre-established tumor. However, simultaneous application of the vaccine and rIL-12 resulted in complete eradication. The cytotoxicity of CTL against parental tumor cells was enhanced with the combination of the vaccine and rIL-12, and IFN-gamma production from spleen cells also increased synergistically. Our findings show that synergistic enhancement of CTL activity and IFN-gamma production could play an important role in the antitumor effect of combination therapy using TNF gene-transduced cancer vaccine and rIL-12. (+info)Transcutaneous immunization with bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxins as antigens and adjuvants. (3/6132)
Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a new technique that uses the application of vaccine antigens in a solution on the skin to induce potent antibody responses without systemic or local toxicity. We have previously shown that cholera toxin (CT), a potent adjuvant for oral and nasal immunization, can induce both serum and mucosal immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA and protect against toxin-mediated mucosal disease when administered by the transcutaneous route. Additionally, CT acts as an adjuvant for coadministered antigens such as tetanus and diphtheria toxoids when applied to the skin. CT, a member of the bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxin (bARE) family, is most potent as an adjuvant when the A-B subunits are present and functional. We now show that TCI induces secondary antibody responses to coadministered antigens as well as to CT in response to boosting immunizations. IgG antibodies to coadministered antigens were also found in the stools and lung washes of immunized mice, suggesting that TCI may target mucosal pathogens. Mice immunized by the transcutaneous route with tetanus fragment C and CT developed anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies and were protected against systemic tetanus toxin challenge. We also show that bAREs, similarly organized as A-B subunits, as well as the B subunit of CT alone, induced antibody responses to themselves when given via TCI. Thus, TCI appears to induce potent, protective immune responses to both systemic and mucosal challenge and offers significant potential practical advantages for vaccine delivery. (+info)Zonula occludens toxin is a powerful mucosal adjuvant for intranasally delivered antigens. (4/6132)
Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) is produced by toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae and has the ability to reversibly alter intestinal epithelial tight junctions, allowing the passage of macromolecules through the mucosal barrier. In the present study, we investigated whether Zot could be exploited to deliver soluble antigens through the nasal mucosa for the induction of antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses. Intranasal immunization of mice with ovalbumin (Ova) and recombinant Zot, either fused to the maltose-binding protein (MBP-Zot) or with a hexahistidine tag (His-Zot), induced anti-Ova serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers that were approximately 40-fold higher than those induced by immunization with antigen alone. Interestingly, Zot also stimulated high anti-Ova IgA titers in serum, as well as in vaginal and intestinal secretions. A comparison with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) revealed that the adjuvant activity of Zot was only sevenfold lower than that of LT. Moreover, Zot and LT induced similar patterns of Ova-specific IgG subclasses. The subtypes IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b were all stimulated, with a predominance of IgG1 and IgG2b. In conclusion, our results highlight Zot as a novel potent mucosal adjuvant of microbial origin. (+info)Emergent immunoregulatory properties of combined glucocorticoid and anti-glucocorticoid steroids in a model of tuberculosis. (5/6132)
In Balb/c mice with pulmonary tuberculosis, there is a switch from a protective Th1-dominated cytokine profile to a non-protective profile with a Th2 component. This switch occurs while the adrenals are undergoing marked hyperplasia. Treatment with the anti-glucocorticoid hormones dehydroepiandrosterone or 3 beta, 17 beta-androstenediol, during the period of adrenal hyperplasia, maintains Th1 dominance and is protective. We investigated the effects of these hormones as therapeutic agents by administering them from day 60, when the switch to the non-protective cytokine profile was already well established. Given at this time (day 60), doses that were protective when given early (from day 0) were rapidly fatal. A physiological dose of the glucocorticoid corticosterone was also rapidly fatal. However when the corticosterone and the anti-glucocorticoid (AED or DHEA) were co-administered, there was protection, with restoration of a Th1-dominated cytokine profile, enhanced DTH responses, and enhanced expression of IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha. Therefore this combination of steroids has an emergent property that is quite unlike that of either type of steroid given alone. It may be possible to exploit the ant-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids while preserving a Th1 bias, by combining glucocorticoids with DHEA or suitable metabolites. (+info)N,N'-Diacetyl-L-cystine-the disulfide dimer of N-acetylcysteine-is a potent modulator of contact sensitivity/delayed type hypersensitivity reactions in rodents. (6/6132)
Oral N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is used clinically for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NAC is easily oxidized to its disulfide. We show here that N,N'-diacetyl-L-cystine (DiNAC) is a potent modulator of contact sensitivity (CS)/delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in rodents. Oral treatment of BALB/c mice with 0.003 to 30 micromol/kg DiNAC leads to enhancement of a CS reaction to oxazolone; DiNAC is 100 to 1000 times more potent than NAC in this respect, indicating that it does not act as a prodrug of NAC. Structure-activity studies suggest that a stereochemically-defined disulfide element is needed for activity. The DiNAC-induced enhancement of the CS reaction is counteracted by simultaneous NAC-treatment; in contrast, the CS reaction is even more enhanced in animals treated with DiNAC together with the glutathione-depleting agent buthionine sulfoximine. These data suggest that DiNAC acts via redox processes. Immunohistochemically, ear specimens from oxazolone-sensitized and -challenged BALB/c mice treated with DiNAC display increased numbers of CD8(+) cells. DiNAC treatment augments the CS reaction also when fluorescein isothiocyanate is used as a sensitizer in BALB/c mice; this is a purported TH2 type of response. However, when dinitrofluorobenzene is used as a sensitizer, inducing a purported TH1 type of response, DiNAC treatment reduces the reaction. Treatment with DiNAC also reduces a DTH footpad-swelling reaction to methylated BSA. Collectively, these data indicate that DiNAC in vivo acts as a potent and effective immunomodulator that can either enhance or reduce the CS or DTH response depending on the experimental conditions. (+info)Issues in the treatment of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. (7/6132)
Most HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis can be treated satisfactorily with standard regimens with expectations of good results. Treatment of tuberculosis in these patients has been complicated by the introduction of HAART, which relies on drugs that interfere with the most potent class of antituberculous medications. Rifampin-free regimens or regimens that employ rifabutin may be acceptable strategies for patients who are receiving protease inhibitors, although these regimens have not been rigorously evaluated in patients with AIDS. At present, there is good reason to believe that a 6-month course of a rifabutin-containing regimen or a 9-12-month course of a regimen of streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide should be adequate therapy for most patients with drug-susceptible disease. As the treatment of HIV infection with antiretroviral agents evolves, the treatment of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS is likely to evolve as well. This will require careful coordination of antituberculosis and antiretroviral therapies. (+info)Soluble HLA class I, HLA class II, and Fas ligand in blood components: a possible key to explain the immunomodulatory effects of allogeneic blood transfusions. (8/6132)
The immunomodulatory effect of allogeneic blood transfusions (ABT) has been known for many years. However, a complete understanding of the effects of ABT on the recipient's immune system has remained elusive. Soluble HLA class I (sHLA-I), HLA class II (sHLA-II), and Fas ligand (sFasL) molecules may play immunoregulatory roles. We determined by double-determinant immunoenzymatic assay (DDIA) sHLA-I, sHLA-II, and sFasL concentrations in different blood components. sHLA-I and sFasL levels in red blood cells (RBCs) stored for up to 30 days and in random-donor platelets are significantly (P <.001) higher than in other blood components and their amount is proportionate to the number of residual donor leukocytes and to the length of storage. Blood components with high sHLA-I and sFasL levels play immunoregulatory roles in vitro as in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte responses (MLR) and antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) activity, and induce apoptosis in Fas-positive cells. These data suggest that soluble molecules in blood components are functional. If these results are paralleled in vivo, they should be taken into account in transfusion practice. Blood components that can cause immunosuppression should be chosen to induce transplantation tolerance, whereas blood components that lack immunosuppressive effects should be preferred to reduce the risk of postoperative complications and cancer recurrence. (+info)
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US Patent for Immunological adjuvant agents active in aqueous solution Patent (Patent # 4,094,971 issued June 13, 1978) -...
Immunostimulant - Wikipedia
In Vivo Analysis of the Potency of Silicone Oil Microdroplets as Immunological Adjuvants in Protein Formulations | CU Experts |...
A Phase I, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial to Compare the Safety and Immunogenicity of Recombinant...
The role of inflammasomes in the immunostimulatory effects of particulate vaccine adjuvants - Harris - 2010 - European Journal...
Brevet US20020086839 - Inhibitors of DNA immunostimulatory sequence activity - Google Brevets
Improving Vaccine Performance with Adjuvants : Clinical Infectious Diseases - oi
The extracellular matrix protein mindin as a novel adjuvant elicits stronger immune responses for rBAG1, rSRS4 and rSRS9...
CD11c(high )dendritic cel… - University of Gothenburg, Sweden
Adjuvant activity of monophosphoryl lipid A for nasal and oral...
Presence of CpG DNA and the local cytokine milieu determine the efficacy of suppressive DNA vaccination in experimental...
Formulation of a killed whole cell pneumococcus vaccine - effect of aluminum adjuvants on the antibody and IL-17 response |...
Immunoadjuvant Medical Definition | Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary
Adjuvants and delivery systems in veterinary vaccinology: current state and future developments | SpringerLink
Leishmaniasis Coming Out of the Shadows - IDRI
Comparative preclinical evaluation of AS01 versus other Adjuvant systems in a candidate herpes zoster glycoprotein E subunit...
Najväčším nebezpečenstvom pre ľudstvo nie sú neočkovaní, alebo tí, čo poukazujú na riziká vakcín, ale neochota priznať...
World Drug Tracker: Plerixafor..............an immunostimulant used to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells in cancer patients.
GreenVet Green Tonic 500ml, (Immunostimulant tonic with anti-stress effect)
Clinical Trial of a Therapeutic Vaccine With NY-ESO-1 in Combination With the Adjuvant Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPLA) - Full...
Vaccine abstracts
rian.ie - Results
New Approaches to Vaccine Adjuvants: Inhibiting the Inhibitor | BioFiles v5 n3 Vaccine Adjuvants | China-Mainland | Sigma...
Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash...
Novel Adjuvant Discovery in Vaccine Therapy - Jason Lewis
Oncogenic evaluation of incomplete freunds adjuvant in three strains by J O. Mac farlane, D N. Roberts et al.
Personalized cancer vaccines: adjuvants are important, too | springermedizin.de
What are ISCOMS (Immune Stimulatory Complexes)? ACTION
Epitopes described in Group A streptococcal vaccine delivery by immunization with a self-adjuvanting M protein-based lipid core...
Benefits | Antigen Plus
ELISA Kits, Antibodies, Pathway Inhibitors, Antibody Arrays pBOOST2-samIRF7/3, 20 µg - Jomar Life Research
Buy Timalin 10 mg lyophilisate for prig. for injection 5ml №10 vials
Younger skin another benefit with Basis | Ready Photo Site
Nventa Develops Proprietary Vaccine Adjuvant - Drugs.com MedNews
Immune-stimulating injection turns tumours into cancer vaccine factories in mice
Brevetto CA2526690A1 - Structure based and combinatorially selected oligonucleoside ... - Google Brevetti
Modernas experimental COVID-19 vaccine induced robust immune response in monkeys, says study-Health News , Firstpost
Agricultural Adjuvants Market Share, Growth Trends | COVID-19 Impact on Agricultural Adjuvants Market | MarketsandMarkets
Preparation of Immune Stimulating Complexes (ISCOMs) as Adjuvants - Current Protocols
Novavax reports promising early trial results of COVID-19 vaccine | Philstar.com
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CDC Director Frieden: No Adjuvant
Immunologic adjuvant
Look up adjuvant in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Scholia has a profile for immunologic adjuvant (Q967453). Adjuvant therapy ... The word "adjuvant" comes from the Latin word adiuvare, meaning to help or aid. "An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any ... Freund's complete adjuvant, Freund's incomplete adjuvant Other organic substances: squalene There are many adjuvants, some of ... Sasaki S, Okuda K (2000). "The Use of Conventional Immunologic Adjuvants in DNA Vaccine Preparations". In Lowrie DB, Whalen RG ...
Freund's adjuvant
Immunologic adjuvant Sadelain, MW; Qin, HY; Lauzon, J; Singh, B (1990), "Prevention of type I diabetes in NOD mice by adjuvant ... Freund's adjuvant is a solution of antigen emulsified in mineral oil and used as an immunopotentiator (booster). The complete ... Freund's complete adjuvant is effective in stimulating cell-mediated immunity and leads to potentiation of T helper cells that ... This is related to the induction of Th17 cells by adjuvant treatment and these cells produce Interleukin-22 (IL-22). Pancreatic ...
Fungal isolate
Lentinan, PSK, and PSP, are registered anticancer immunologic adjuvants. Irofulven and acylfulvene are anticancer derivatives ...
Ross Petty (pediatrician)
"Uveitis and arthritis induced by adjuvant: clinical, immunologic and histologic characteristics". The Journal of Rheumatology. ...
MF59
... is an immunologic adjuvant that uses squalene. It is Novartis' proprietary adjuvant that is added to influenza vaccines to ... MF59 Adjuvant Fact Sheet Archived 2014-03-09 at the Wayback Machine v t e (Webarchive template wayback links, Adjuvants, ... MF59 is used as an adjuvant in Canada, Europe and the United States. MF59 was developed in the 1990s by researchers at Chiron ... MF59 is the first oil-in-water influenza vaccine adjuvant to be commercialized in combination with a seasonal influenza virus ...
Pleuran
... is also being studied as a potential immunologic adjuvant. Karácsonyi S, Kuniak L (1994). "Polysaccharides of Pleurotus ... "A Compendium of Vaccine Adjuvants and Excipients" (PDF). Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. 2nd ed. National Institute of Allergy ...
Vaccine hesitancy
Aluminum compounds are used as immunologic adjuvants to increase the effectiveness of many vaccines. The aluminum in vaccines ... Vaccines pose a very small immunologic load compared to the pathogens naturally encountered by a child in a typical year; ... improvements in vaccine design have reduced the immunologic load from vaccines; the total number of immunological components in ... autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants' (ASIA)". Vaccine (Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis). 36 (38): 5796- ...
Christopher Shaw (neuroscientist)
... vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity". Immunologic Research. 56 (2-3): 304-316. doi:10.1007/s12026-013-8403-1. PMID 23609067. ... Petrik, M; Wong, MC; Tabata, RC; Garry, RF; Shaw, CA (February 2007). "Aluminum adjuvant linked to gulf war illness induces ... Sheth, Sneha K.S.; Li, Yongling; Shaw, Christopher A. (2018). "Is exposure to aluminium adjuvants associated with social ... Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA (2011). "Do aluminum vaccine adjuvants contribute to the rising prevalence of autism?" Journal of ...
Medicinal fungi
... and polysaccharide peptide as immunologic adjuvants. Evidence suggests this use as effective in prolonging and improving the ...
Antigen
The antigen cannot elicit the immune response without the help of an immunologic adjuvant. Similarly, the adjuvant component of ... Gavin, AL; Hoebe, K; Duong, B; Ota, T; Martin, C; Beutler, B; Nemazee, D (22 December 2006). "Adjuvant-enhanced antibody ... ISBN 978-0-323-52324-0. Gallucci, S; Lolkema, M; Matzinger, P (November 1999). "Natural adjuvants: endogenous activators of ...
ISCOM
Immunologic adjuvant Immune system Immunology Immunization Inoculation Virosomes Vaccination Isconova Matrix-M Morein, B; ... Most adjuvants on the market today mainly activate the humoral immune response (i.e. give an antibody response). There is, ... The complex displays immune stimulating properties and is thus mainly used as a vaccine adjuvant in order to induce a stronger ... ISCOM-Matrix technology offers several immunological and practical advantages over currently available adjuvants. ...
Aluminium phosphate
... aluminium phosphate is one of the most common immunologic adjuvants (efficiency enhancers) in vaccinations. Aluminium adjuvant ... It's unknown how such salts function as adjuvants. Similar to aluminum hydroxide, AlPO4 is used as an antacid. It neutralizes ... RJ, Crowther (2010). Vaccine adjuvants: preparation methods and research protocols. Humana. pp. 65-66, 82. ISBN 9781617371592. ...
Novavax
... also develops proprietary immune-stimulating saponin-based immunologic adjuvants at a wholly-owned Swedish subsidiary, ... In June 2013, Novavax acquired the Matrix-M adjuvant platform with the purchase of Swedish company Isconova AB and renamed its ... Taylor, Nick Paul (3 June 2013). "Novavax makes $30M bid for adjuvant business". FiercePharma. Archived from the original on 14 ... adjuvant enhances immunogenicity of both protein- and modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based influenza vaccines in mice". ...
Heat shock protein
Given their role in presentation, HSPs are useful as immunologic adjuvants (DAMPS) in boosting the response to a vaccine. ...
2009 swine flu pandemic vaccine
2009 swine flu pandemic COVID-19 vaccine Immunologic adjuvant "WHO cuts swine flu vaccine production estimate". AFP. 24 ... A 2009 review of oil-based adjuvants in influenza vaccines stated that this type of adjuvant "neither stimulates antibodies ... about formulations of the vaccine that contain squalene as an adjuvant. An adjuvant is a substance that boosts the body's ... "WHO - Squalene-based adjuvants in vaccines". Archived from the original on 23 October 2006. Frey S, Poland G, Percell S, Podda ...
Quillaja saponaria
QS21 adjuvant is a saponin obtainable from Quillaja saponaria extract. The Novavax vaccine for COVID-19 uses this adjuvant, the ... Immunologic research vol. 66,2 (2018): 224-233. doi:10.1007/s12026-018-8991-x Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine Demonstrates 89.3% ... Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems, page 193 Singh, Manmohan, 2007. Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems, page 193 Ralla ... Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 457 pp. Wikimedia Commons has media related to ...
Squalene
Immunologic adjuvants are substances, administered in conjunction with a vaccine, that stimulate the immune system and increase ... Squalene is not itself an adjuvant, but it has been used in conjunction with surfactants in certain adjuvant formulations. An ... Squalene is an important ingredient in some vaccine adjuvants: The Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline adjuvants are called MF59 and ... An influenza vaccine called FLUAD which used MF59 as an adjuvant was approved for use in the US in people 65 years of age and ...
QS-21
... (Matrix M) is a critical, saponin-derived immunologic adjuvant for the manufacturing of the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine. The ... QS-21 is a purified plant extract used as a vaccine adjuvant. It is derived from the soap bark tree (Quillaja saponaria), which ... It has been tested as an adjuvant in various vaccines in attempts to improve their efficacy. It is believed to enhance both ... Quillaia Ragupathi G, Gardner JR, Livingston PO, Gin DY (2013). "Natural and synthetic saponin adjuvant QS-21 for vaccines ...
Co-stimulation
Samter's Immunologic Diseases, 6th ed. Vol. 1, p. 281-298, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ISBN 0-7817-2120-2 ... Dempsey, P. W.; Allison, M. E.; Akkaraju, S.; Goodnow, C. C.; Fearon, D. T. (1996). "C3d of complement as a molecular adjuvant ...
Titermax
section on Titermax Immunologic adjuvant Stills H.F. (2005) "Adjuvants and antibody production: dispelling the myths associated ... Toxicity seems to be lower than other water in oil adjuvant such as Freund's adjuvant. The efficacy to elicit an immune ... Titermax is a developed immune adjuvant. It is a water-in-oil emulsion and consists of squalene, an emulsifier (sorbitan ... with Freund's complete and other adjuvants". ILAR Journal. 46(3) 280-293 TiterMax on Wiki Doc Official web site v t e (Articles ...
AS03
... (for "Adjuvant System 03") is the trade name for a squalene-based immunologic adjuvant used in various vaccine products by ... 2009 flu pandemic MF59 - another squalene-based adjuvant by Novartis AS04 - another adjuvant by GSK v t e (Webarchive template ... A dose of AS03 adjuvant contains 10.69 mg squalene 11.86 mg DL-α-tocopherol 4.86 mg polysorbate 80 In the 2009 influenza ... As of 2016 it was unclear whether or not the adjuvant was responsible; other suspected causes include genetic susceptibility, ...
Edible algae vaccine
... strategy under preliminary research to combine a genetically engineered sub-unit vaccine and an immunologic adjuvant into ...
Cryoimmunotherapy
... and can be synergised with the combination of immunotherapy treatment and vaccine adjuvants. Various adjuvant immunotherapy and ... Sabel MS, Su G, Griffith KA, Chang AE (2010). "Rate of freeze alters the immunologic response after cryoablation of breast ... Thus, cryoablation of tumor elicits a systemic anti-tumor immunologic response. The resulting immunostimulation from ... "Immunologic response to cryoablation of breast cancer". Gland Surg. 3 (2): 88-93. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2227-684X.2014.03.04. PMC ...
Ebola vaccine
... immunologic adjuvant. A study of the response of non-human primate to the vaccine had been initiated. As of February 2015[ ... The preliminary data indicated the prime-boost vaccine regimen elicited temporary immunologic response in the volunteers as ...
Pristane
It is used as a lubricant, a transformer oil, an immunologic adjuvant, and an anti-corrosion agent, biological marker, ...
List of MeSH codes (D27)
... adjuvants, immunologic MeSH D27.505.696.477.274.400 - interferon inducers MeSH D27.505.696.477.656 - immunosuppressive agents ... adjuvants, anesthesia MeSH D27.505.954.427.020 - alcohol deterrents MeSH D27.505.954.427.040 - analgesics MeSH D27.505.954.427. ... immunologic factors MeSH D27.505.696.477.136 - agglutinins MeSH D27.505.696.477.136.377 - hemagglutinins MeSH D27.505.696.477. ... adjuvants, pharmaceutic MeSH D27.720.744.523 - ointment bases MeSH D27.720.744.771 - preservatives, pharmaceutical MeSH D27.720 ...
H5N1 vaccine clinical trials
In a clinical trial, 80% of volunteers who received two vaccine doses containing 3.8 mcg of antigen with an adjuvant (a ... They come with obstacles-immunologic, regulatory, and commercial-but they also have generated more excitement than any other ... By Marie-Eve Laforte THE PANDEMIC VACCINE PUZZLE - Part 3: H5N1 poses major immunologic challenges THE PANDEMIC VACCINE PUZZLE ... vaccine plus adjuvant, or placebo. All subjects will receive two injections of their assigned study product, about 28 days ...
Cancer immunotherapy
T cells and immune system cytokines and have been investigated in clinical trials as immunologic adjuvants. Many tumors express ... Other adjuvants include proteins or other chemicals that attract and/or activate dendritic cells, such as granulocyte ... have disease progression within 12 months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with platinum-containing chemotherapy. On 16 ... with optional adjuvants) are infused and provoke an immune response. Dendritic cell therapies include the use of antibodies ...
Inactivated vaccine
Because inactivated pathogens tend to produce a weaker response by the immune system than live pathogens, immunologic adjuvants ... Adjuvants and boosters are often required to produce and maintain protective immunity. Pathogens must be cultured and ... However, deliberate adjuvant selection allows inactivated vaccines to stimulate a more robust cell-mediated immune response. ... Petrovsky N, Aguilar JC (October 2004). "Vaccine adjuvants: current state and future trends". Immunology and Cell Biology. 82 ( ...
Adjuvant
... therapy in cancer management Analgesic adjuvant in pain management Immunologic adjuvant in vaccines This is a ... In pharmacology, an adjuvant is a drug or other substance, or a combination of substances, that is used to increase the ...
Lyme disease
... this is more common after infection by certain Borrelia strains in people with certain genetic and immunologic characteristics ... burgdorferi with aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant, was developed by SmithKline Beecham. In clinical trials involving more than ...
Visceral leishmaniasis
A 2019 paper described designing an immunologic adjuvant which would make a VL vaccine more effective. James, William D.; ... 1992). "Immunologic Markers of Clinical Evolution in Children Recently Infected with Leishmania donovani chagasi". J. Infect. ... Ratnapriya, S; Keerti; Sahasrabuddhe, AA; Dube, A (12 June 2019). "Visceral leishmaniasis: An overview of vaccine adjuvants and ...
Tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes
A clinical and immunologic phase 2 trial of Wilms tumor gene product 1 (WT1) peptide vaccination in patients with AML and MDS ... Adoptive transfer of TILs can increase the survival of melanoma patients when it is used as an adjuvant therapy, i.e. after a ... Adoptive TIL transfer in the adjuvant setting for melanoma: long-term patient survival ". Journal of Immunology Research. 2014 ...
Gas vesicle
Several characteristics of the protein encoded by the gas vesicle gene gvpC allow it to be used as carrier and adjuvant for ... from various human pathogens have been recombined into the gvpC gene to create subunit vaccines with long-lasting immunologic ... of cells show expression of the Chlamydia genes on cell surfaces through imaging techniques and show characteristic immunologic ...
Cyclophosphamide
... adjuvant, neoadjuvant, maintenance and metronomic chemotherapy. Cyclophosphamide decreases the immune system's response, and ... tumor-reactive effector T cells by the creation of an immunologic space niche. Thus, cyclophosphamide preconditioning of ...
Reproductive immunology
They are protected by other means like immunologic tolerance and immunomodulation. Infertility after anti-sperm antibody ... as an adjuvant, produced antibodies against hCG in the small group of women immunized. The anti-hCG antibodies generated were ...
Molecular mimicry
Active suppression involves the injection of large amounts of foreign antigen in the absence of an adjuvant which leads to a ... Not only does HSV cause immunologic cross-reactivity, but the gpD peptide also competitively inhibits the binding of antibody ... Yamada, M., Zurbriggen, A., Oldstone, M.B.A. and Fujinami, R.S. (1991). "Common immunologic determinant between human ...
PfSPZ Vaccine
These T cells are believed to be the main immunologic mechanism to fight malaria in liver. In 2014 Sanaria promoted an ... But the strong toxicity of the adjuvant and inability to obtain sufficient count of parasites from human blood stopped further ... Freund, J; Thomson, K. J. (1948). "Immunization of monkeys against malaria by means of killed parasites with adjuvants". The ... modern adjuvants and the possibility of preparing of single parasite proteins started another way to obtain malaria vaccine. ...
Breast implant
"Silicone Breast Implants in Relation to Connective Tissue Diseases and Immunologic Dysfunction: A Report by a National Science ... especially in women who received adjuvant external radiation therapy. Moreover, besides breast reconstruction, breast cancer ...
Induced stem cells
Such a system provides a useful tool for practical application of iPSCs in the treatment of hematologic and immunologic ... Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells have great clinical potential as adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy. iNKT cells act as ...
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
... adjuvants, immune modulators and antigen-delivery systems, vaccine implementation, and clinical trials. The journal serves ASM ... including new animal models for human immunologic diseases, viral immunology, immunopathogenesis, and clinical laboratory ... adjuvants and immunomodulators, quantitative assays of vaccine efficacy, and clinical trials. The journal publishes primary ...
Lloyd Mayer
"Immunologic features of infants with milk or egg allergy enrolled in an observational study (Consortium of Food Allergy ... "Allergic sensitization can be induced via multiple physiologic routes in an adjuvant-dependent manner". J. Allergy Clin. ... Immunologic Basis of Cow Milk-Induced Hypersensitivities, NIH/NIAD, 5 U19 AI044236-11 Innate/Adaptive Immune Interaction in Gut ...
RNA therapeutics
One of the other ways is injecting a two-component vaccine which is containing an mRNA adjuvant and naked IVT mRNA encoding ... February 2010). "Immunologic activity and safety of autologous HIV RNA-electroporated dendritic cells in HIV-1 infected ... RNA adjuvants, and encapsulating mRNA in nanoparticles with lipids. Even though In Vitro Translated (IVT) mRNA with delivery ...
Prescient Therapeutics
CellPryme-A, developed by Prescient in partnership with Peter Mac, was announced in September 2022 as an adjuvant / neoadjuvant ... Virax had been previously unsuccessful in developing a viral delivery of immunologic genes for the treatment of HIV. Paul ... "Prescient Unveils CellPryme-A: Novel Adjuvant for Enhancing Cellular Immunotherapy" (PDF). asx.com.au. 23 September 2022. ...
Search of: FILGRASTIM AND Adjuvants, Immunologic - Results on Map - ClinicalTrials.gov
Hints: Click on a [map] link to show a map of that region. Click on a [studies] link to search within your current results for studies in that region. Use the back button to return to this list and try another region. Studies with no locations are not included in the counts or on the map. Studies with multiple locations are included in each region containing locations ...
Browsing by Subject "Adjuvants, Immunologic"
Adjuvants de l immunité : rapport d un groupe scientifique de l OMS [réuni à Genève du 6 au 10 octobre 1975] ... Immunological adjuvants : report of a WHO scientific group [meeting held in Geneva from 6 to 10 October 1975] ... WHO Scientific Group on Immunological Adjuvants; World Health Organization (Organisation mondiale de la Santé, 1976) ... WHO Scientific Group on Immunological Adjuvants; World Health Organization (Organización Mundial de la Salud, 1976) ...
Results of search for 'su:{Adjuvants, Immunologic.}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Adjuvant therapy of cancer III / edited by Sydney E. Salmon, Stephen E. Jones. by Salmon, Sydney E , Jones, Stephen Ellis , ... Adjuvants de l immunité : rapport d un groupe scientifique de l OMS [réuni à Genève du 6 au 10 octobre 1975] by WHO ... Immunological adjuvants : report of a WHO scientific group [meeting held in Geneva from 6 to 10 October 1975] by WHO Scientific ... by WHO Scientific Group on Immunological Adjuvants , World Health Organization.. Series: Organizacion Mundial de la Salud. ...
Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3...
General Recommendations on Immunization
Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization
Practices (ACIP)
Adjuvants Many antigens evoke suboptimal immunologic responses. Efforts to enhance immunogenicity include mixing antigens with ... Immunologic investigations with oral live typhoid vaccine Ty21a strain. In: Steffen R, Lobel HO, Bradley DJ, eds. Travel ... Preparations with adjuvants should be administered intramuscularly. && Td = tetanus and diphtheria toxoids for use among ... In general, vaccines containing adjuvants should be injected into the muscle mass; when administered subcutaneously or ...
Просмотр по теме
Recent progress of graphene oxide as a potential vaccine carrier and adjuvant
Adjuvants and carriers have been appropriately added to the vaccine formulation to improve the immunogenicity of the antigen ... Keywords: Adjuvant delivery; Antigen delivery; Functionalized-GO; Immune adjuvant; Vaccine adjuvant; Vaccine nano-carrier. ... However, there is an urgent need to develop new all-purpose adjuvants because some adjuvants approved for human use have ... Recent progress of graphene oxide as a potential vaccine carrier and adjuvant Acta Biomater. 2020 Aug;112:14-28. doi: 10.1016/j ...
Vaccine Therapy Combined With Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Treating Patients With Resected Stage I or Stage II Adenocarcinoma ...
Immunologic. *HIV negative. *No active infection. * No prior or concurrent autoimmune disease requiring treatment with systemic ... Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy: Within 16-28 days after the first vaccination, patients receive fluorouracil (5-FU) IV continuously ... Four to eight weeks following the completion of the last cycle of adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy (chemo-radiation therapy ... Four to eight weeks following the completion of the last cycle of adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy (chemo-radiation therapy ...
Current version of study NCT01412333 on ClinicalTrials.gov
ACIP: General Recommendations on Immunization
Adjuvants. Many antigens evoke suboptimal immunologic responses. Efforts to enhance immunogenicity include mixing antigens with ... Immunologic investigations with oral live typhoid vaccine Ty21a strain. In: Steffen R, Lobel HO, Bradley DJ, eds. Travel ... Preparations with adjuvants should be administered intramuscularly. && Td = tetanus and diphtheria toxoids for use among ... In general, vaccines containing adjuvants should be injected into the muscle mass; when administered subcutaneously or ...
Melanoma Clinical Research Trials | CenterWatch
I am looking forimmunologic adjuvant. I am looking forcytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen 4. ... Leveraging ctDNA Analysis to Improve Early Detection of Cancer Recurrence in the High-Risk Adjuvant Melanoma Setting To ... Effectiveness and Safety of Dabrafenib in Combination With Trametinib as Adjuvant Treatment for Chinese Patients With Stage III ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2008 MeSH
Adjuvants, Immunologic D27.505.696.477.274.50 D27.505.696.477.67. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone D6.472.699.631.525.475.59 D6.472. ... Monitoring, Immunologic E5.478.700 E5.478.594.550. Monobactams D2.886.675.966.500.500 D2.886.108.500. D4.75.80.875.99.221.500. ... Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic E5.478.245 E5.478.594.160. Death, Sudden, Cardiac C14.280.67.441. Decidua A16.759.289 A16.710. ... Immunologic Tests E5.478.594. Immunophenotyping E5.478.600 E1.450.495.447. E5.478.594.450. Immunoradiometric Assay E5.478. ...
A Primer on mRNA COVID Vaccines - FoodAllergy.org
Adjuvants are generally safe but designed to promote an inflammatory/immunologic response. The adjuvant is what causes most of ... An adjuvant, which stimulates the immune system to react more vigorously and increases the likelihood that the body will ... The Pfizer vaccine does not contain an adjuvant. *Lipid (fat) and cholesterol nanoparticles (very small in size) that hold the ...
Eating Dirt - Volume 9, Number 8-August 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
... likely make at least passable immunologic adjuvants. For all these reasons, clays might act as vaccines. And the IgA antibodies ... For decades we have used aluminum salts, like those found in clays, as adjuvants in human and animal vaccines. Adjuvants are ... Aluminum compounds as vaccine adjuvants. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 1998;32:155-72. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Immunologic Development and Infectious Disease The "Age of Bacteria" Chimayo Cite This Article ...
Browsing by Author "Poznansky, Mark"
Adjuvanticity of a synthetic cord factor analogue for subunit Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccination requires FcRγ-Syk-Card9...
keywords = "adaptor proteins, signal transducing, adjuvants, immunologic, animals, CD4-positive T-lymphocytes, caspases, ... The use of recombinant MTB antigens as subunit vaccines is a promising approach, but requires adjuvants that activate antigen- ... The use of recombinant MTB antigens as subunit vaccines is a promising approach, but requires adjuvants that activate antigen- ... The use of recombinant MTB antigens as subunit vaccines is a promising approach, but requires adjuvants that activate antigen- ...
P142) Older Patients Derive Greater Benefit From Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Diverse Solid Malignancies
Increasing studies have shown that age-related immunologic changes may impact the bioactivity of RT. We hypothesized that ... A total of 43.2% received either adjuvant (39.0%) or neoadjuvant (4.2%) RT. With the exception of lung cancer (OS hazard ratio ... P142) Older Patients Derive Greater Benefit From Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Diverse Solid Malignancies. ...
SNO2019
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients With Melanoma: Practice Essentials, Background, Indications
... and treat with adjuvant interferon-this was the first adjuvant therapy to show benefit in patients with positive nodes. There ... The threshold of disease at which patients truly benefit from further surgical or immunologic treatment has not been determined ... 16, 17] The choice of adjuvant therapy or clinical trial enrollment for patients with very thick melanomas may be influenced by ... More recent studies show protein kinase (PK) inhibitors may be superior as adjuvant therapy and for stage IV disease. There has ...
JCI -
Mass cytometry detects H3.3K27M-specific vaccine responses in diffuse midline glioma
Phase I trial of a melanoma vaccine with gp100(280-288) peptide and tetanus helper peptide in adjuvant: immunologic and ... Concurrently, the adjuvant poly-ICLC was administered (30 μg/kg) intramuscularly within 2 cm of the vaccine injection site (43 ... adjuvant in patients with HLA-A*02:01+, H3.3K27M+ DMGs. ... with a TT peptide through a central supply from the Immunologic ...
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
A Phase 1 dose escalating study of double mutant heat-labile toxin LTR192G/L211A (dmLT) from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ...
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JHSPH Vaccine Related Courses
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Dr. Andrea S. Wolf
Deakin University / All Locations
Vitamin A supplementation in Indian children - Authors' reply. - Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit ...
VaccinesAntigensVaccinationImmunityImmunologicalEfficacyAntigenHuman PapillomavirusFreund'sImmunogenicityTherapiesNeoadjuvantISCOMATRIXChemotherapySubunitRadiotherapyInflammatorySubjectsRecombinantTherapy of CancerPlasmodiumCancerResponsesAdministrationSearchImmune systemProteinPotentialEffectiveDiseaseRoleStudiesReview
Vaccines9
- An adjuvant, which stimulates the immune system to react more vigorously and increases the likelihood that the body will recognize the spike protein as "foreign," is often contained in vaccines. (foodallergy.org)
- Safe and effective immunologic adjuvants are often essential for vaccines. (harvard.edu)
- However, the choice of adjuvant for licensed vaccines is limited, especially for those that are administered intradermally. (harvard.edu)
- The use of recombinant MTB antigens as subunit vaccines is a promising approach, but requires adjuvants that activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for elicitation of protective immunity. (elsevier.com)
- Traditional chemical adjuvants remain a practical means of enhancing the immunogenicity of vaccines. (jenner.ac.uk)
- Similarly, anti-vaccine activists blame the aluminum used as adjuvants in vaccines as a cause of autism. (harpocratesspeaks.com)
- The recent identification of tumor Ags as potential vaccines has prompted the search for efficient adjuvants and delivery systems, especially in the case of peptide-based vaccination protocols. (aai.org)
- In this Perspective, we discuss two papers that show that the breadth of the antibody response to vaccines could be manipulated by the use of particular vaccine adjuvants that stimulate innate immune mechanisms. (ox.ac.uk)
- The potential roles of high-dose antigen formulations as well as adjuvants in improving immune response have been of particular interest with respect to both avian and seasonal influenza vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Antigens3
- Finally, some particles contribute to altered immunologic and allergic responses by functioning as adjuvants or by enhancing the environmental dispersal of antigens (Beezhold et al. (cdc.gov)
- Emphasizes the use of new technologies for expression of vaccine antigens, including recombinant DNA techniques and use of novel adjuvants and antigen-carrier systems to enhance the delivery/presentation of specific immunogens to effector sites. (jhsph.edu)
- Immunization involves administration of antigens or immunologic adjuvants. (kemkes.go.id)
Vaccination1
- Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy: Within 16-28 days after the first vaccination, patients receive fluorouracil (5-FU) IV continuously for 3 weeks. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Immunity3
- Adjuvants and carriers have been appropriately added to the vaccine formulation to improve the immunogenicity of the antigen and induce long-lasting immunity. (nih.gov)
- Our work describes the surface modification of graphene oxide and for the first time summarizes that functionalized graphene oxide serves as a vaccine carrier and shows significant adjuvant activity in activating cellular and humoral immunity. (nih.gov)
- Lectures address the fundamental immunologic concepts of correlates of protective immunity underlying current and new strategies for immunization. (jhsph.edu)
Immunological3
- Immunopharmacology of infectious diseases : vaccine adjuvants and modulators of non-specific resistance, proceedings of the International Symposium on Immunological Adjuvants and Modulators of Non-Specific Resistance to Microbial Infections, held at Columbia, Maryland, June 30-July 3, 1986 / editor, Jeannine A. Majde. (who.int)
- In this study we used a multi-pronged approach to shed light on the immunological properties and potential mechanisms of action of this type of adjuvant and focused our study on replication-deficient human adenovirus serotype 5 (AdHu5). (jenner.ac.uk)
- Thus, the recombinant bacterial protein P40 functions as a potent immunological adjuvant for specific CTL induction. (aai.org)
Efficacy3
- This study examines the clinical and immunologic efficacy of the same vaccine in patients with advanced metastatic melanoma.Delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, circulating NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and proportions of regulatory T cells (Treg) were assessed in patients.In contrast to patients with minimal residual disease, advanced melanoma patients showed no clinical responses to vaccination. (austin.org.au)
- Patients with advanced melanoma had a significantly higher proportion of circulating Treg compared with those with minimal residual disease.Our results point to a tumor-induced systemic immune suppression, showing a clear association between the stage of melanoma progression, the number of Treg in the blood, and the clinical and immunologic efficacy of the NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX cancer vaccine. (austin.org.au)
- Tulane immunologist Elizabeth Norton and her team are testing the efficacy of two adjuvants - compounds that stimulate the immune system - as part of the effort to create a better flu vaccine. (tulane.edu)
Antigen1
- Of note, the study used antigen from 1 manufacturer extemporaneously mixed with an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant of another, mimicking a potential real-life need to expand vaccine coverage during a pandemic. (cdc.gov)
Human Papillomavirus1
- TNFSF14 can act as an immune adjuvant and enhance the immunogenicity of the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA vaccine when the host is infected with HPV. (bvsalud.org)
Freund's2
- Different adjuvants were assessed for their role in conferring protection against the rodent malarial parasite P. berghei and compared with the classical Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). (who.int)
- However, MDP given with squalane (Sq) and Ag, MDP with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) and Ag, palmitoyl-MDP with Sq and Ag, aluminium hydroxide adsorbed Ag, and FCA with Ag were effective in conferring varying degrees of protection to mice. (who.int)
Immunogenicity2
- Intracellular production of 2'3'-cGAMP after AdHu5 infection was able to enhance transgene-specific CD8+ T cell immunogenicity, although not to a level that would warrant progression of this adjuvant to clinical assessment. (jenner.ac.uk)
- The immunogenicity of 2 doses of 3.5, 7.5, and 15 μg of split inactivated 2009 H1N1 vaccine with AS03 adjuvant or 7.5 and 15 μg without adjuvant was assessed in adults aged 18–64 and ≥65 years. (cdc.gov)
Therapies3
- When asked how she envisions the standard to progress over the next 10 years, Dr. Wolf stated, "Over the next 10 years, I anticipate progress in adjuvant therapies to prevent progression and recurrence of disease, including novel immunologic, biologic, and hormonal treatments. (mesothelioma.com)
- Targeted therapies have shown significant benefit in the adjuvant setting, with a 53% decrease in the risk of relapse when compared with placebo. (medscape.com)
- however, there are no approved standard-of-care neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapies. (bvsalud.org)
Neoadjuvant1
- A total of 43.2% received either adjuvant (39.0%) or neoadjuvant (4.2%) RT. (cancernetwork.com)
ISCOMATRIX1
- We recently developed a vaccine consisting of full-length recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein formulated with ISCOMATRIX adjuvant, which generated strong humoral and T-cell-mediated immune responses and seemed to reduce the risk of disease relapse in patients with fully resected melanoma. (austin.org.au)
Chemotherapy2
- Four to eight weeks following the completion of the last cycle of adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy (chemo-radiation therapy is standard of care and not part of the protocol) eligible patients will receive three additional vaccinations at one month intervals. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- p53 expression status is associated with cancer-specific survival in stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. (cdc.gov)
Subunit2
- The mycobacterial cord factor Trehalose-6,6-dimycolate (TDM) and its synthetic analogue Trehalose-6,6-dibehenate (TDB) are effective adjuvants in combination with MTB subunit vaccine candidates in mice. (elsevier.com)
- In vivo, TDB and TDM adjuvant activity induced robust combined T helper (Th)-1 and Th-17 T cell responses to a MTB subunit vaccine and partial protection against MTB challenge in a Card9-dependent manner. (elsevier.com)
Radiotherapy1
- LTBK-12 - EORTC 26951, randomized study of adjuvant PCV after 59.4 Gy radiotherapy: very long term follow-up. (eventscribe.net)
Inflammatory1
- Adjuvants are generally safe but designed to promote an inflammatory/immunologic response. (foodallergy.org)
Subjects1
- 2) We compared our subjects and another group of 29 human adjuvant disease patients reported by Kumagai in 1989 in terms of clinical characteristics. (nii.ac.jp)
Recombinant1
- Here, we investigated the adjuvant potential of the recombinant 40-kDa outer membrane protein of Klebsellia pneumoniae (P40) for specific CTL induction. (aai.org)
Therapy of Cancer3
Plasmodium2
Cancer2
- PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving vaccine therapy together with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy works in treating patients with resected stage I or stage II adenocarcinoma (cancer) of the pancreas. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Determine overall and disease-free survival of patients with resected stage I or II adenocarcinoma of the pancreas treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in combination with GVAX pancreatic cancer vaccine. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Responses2
- When the STING ligand 2'3'-cGAMP was mixed with AdHu5, the adjuvant enhanced anti-vector immune responses while decreasing the transgene-specific CD8+ T cell response. (jenner.ac.uk)
- The studies will examine immunologic responses, the level of virus protection offered and how the vaccine is working mechanistically. (tulane.edu)
Administration1
- This work highlights the importance of timing of 2'3'-cGAMP administration when assessing its adjuvant capacity with different vaccine modalities. (jenner.ac.uk)
Search1
- Results of search for 'su:{Adjuvants, Immunologic. (who.int)
Immune system1
- These particular adjuvants cause no or limited memory response in the immune system, so they could be used for a number of different vaccinations. (tulane.edu)
Protein1
- We found that both peptides are able to generate a specific CTL response when mixed with the protein in the absence of conventional adjuvant. (aai.org)
Potential1
- Adjuvants LTA and LTA1 have several potential benefits. (tulane.edu)
Effective1
- LTA and LTA1 are new generation proteins developed from a parent molecule that proved to be a highly effective adjuvant in earlier trials but produced unacceptable side effects in a small number of people. (tulane.edu)
Disease4
- Objective : The concept of human adjuvant disease has been a focus of discussion in recent years. (nii.ac.jp)
- The relationship between cosmetic surgery and the incidence of human adjuvant disease was studied. (nii.ac.jp)
- 2) Our study and that by Kumagai showed that human adjuvant disease might be related to systemic sclerosis, and our data suggested that human adjuvant disease is also related with Sjören's syndrome. (nii.ac.jp)
- therefore, the relation between human adjuvant disease and cosmetic surgery is not clear. (nii.ac.jp)
Role1
- An etiopathological role for immunologic abnormalities in schizophrenia was hypothesized. (nazwa.pl)
Studies1
- Increasing studies have shown that age-related immunologic changes may impact the bioactivity of RT. (cancernetwork.com)
Review1
- This systematic review concludes that, to date, there is not enough scientific evidence to establish the causality of the development of adjuvant-induced autoimmune syndrome resulting from silicone breast implants. (bvsalud.org)