Adenovirus e3 proteins. Medical search

Proteins transcribed from the E1A genome region of ADENOVIRUSES which are involved in positive regulation of transcription of the early genes of host infection.

Species of the genus MASTADENOVIRUS, causing a wide range of diseases in humans. Infections are mostly asymptomatic, but can be associated with diseases of the respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal systems. Serotypes (named with Arabic numbers) have been grouped into species designated Human adenovirus A-F.

Proteins transcribed from the E4 region of ADENOVIRUSES. The E4 19K protein transactivates transcription of the adenovirus E2F protein and complexes with it.

Proteins transcribed from the E1B region of ADENOVIRUSES which are involved in regulation of the levels of early and late viral gene expression.

Proteins encoded by adenoviruses that are synthesized prior to, and in the absence of, viral DNA replication. The proteins are involved in both positive and negative regulation of expression in viral and cellular genes, and also affect the stability of viral mRNA. Some are also involved in oncogenic transformation.

Proteins transcribed from the E3 region of ADENOVIRUSES but not essential for viral replication. The E3 19K protein mediates adenovirus persistence by reducing the expression of class I major histocompatibility complex antigens on the surface of infected cells.

A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.

Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.

Proteins transcribed from the E2 region of ADENOVIRUSES. Several of these are required for viral DNA replication.

Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.

The very first viral gene products synthesized after cells are infected with adenovirus. The E1 region of the genome has been divided into two major transcriptional units, E1A and E1B, each expressing proteins of the same name (ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS and ADENOVIRUS E1B PROTEINS).

Products of viral oncogenes, most commonly retroviral oncogenes. They usually have transforming and often protein kinase activities.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A genus of ADENOVIRIDAE that infects MAMMALS including humans and causes a wide range of diseases. The type species is Human adenovirus C (see ADENOVIRUSES, HUMAN).

Species of the genus MASTADENOVIRUS that causes fever, edema, vomiting, and diarrhea in dogs and encephalitis in foxes. Epizootics have also been caused in bears, wolves, coyotes, and skunks. The official species name is Canine adenovirus and it contains two serotypes.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.

A member of the p300-CBP transcription factors that was originally identified as a binding partner for ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses.

Product of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene. It is a nuclear phosphoprotein hypothesized to normally act as an inhibitor of cell proliferation. Rb protein is absent in retinoblastoma cell lines. It also has been shown to form complexes with the adenovirus E1A protein, the SV40 T antigen, and the human papilloma virus E7 protein.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.

A transcription factor that possesses DNA-binding and E2F-binding domains but lacks a transcriptional activation domain. It is a binding partner for E2F TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and enhances the DNA binding and transactivation function of the DP-E2F complex.

Species of the genus MASTADENOVIRUS, causing neurological disease in pigs.

Proteins found in any species of virus.

A genus of ADENOVIRIDAE that infects birds. The type species is FOWL ADENOVIRUS A.

A ubiquitously expressed regulatory protein that contains a retinoblastoma protein binding domain and an AT-rich interactive domain. The protein may play a role in recruiting HISTONE DEACETYLASES to the site of RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN-containing transcriptional repressor complexes.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

A family of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that control expression of a variety of GENES involved in CELL CYCLE regulation. E2F transcription factors typically form heterodimeric complexes with TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DP1 or transcription factor DP2, and they have N-terminal DNA binding and dimerization domains. E2F transcription factors can act as mediators of transcriptional repression or transcriptional activation.

The type species of the genus AVIADENOVIRUS, family ADENOVIRIDAE, an oncogenic virus of birds. This is also called CELO virus for chick embryo lethal orphan virus.

The introduction of functional (usually cloned) GENES into cells. A variety of techniques and naturally occurring processes are used for the gene transfer such as cell hybridization, LIPOSOMES or microcell-mediated gene transfer, ELECTROPORATION, chromosome-mediated gene transfer, TRANSFECTION, and GENETIC TRANSDUCTION. Gene transfer may result in genetically transformed cells and individual organisms.

Processes that stimulate the GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of a gene or set of genes.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Proteins that form the CAPSID of VIRUSES.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Eukaryotic cell line obtained in a quiescent or stationary phase which undergoes conversion to a state of unregulated growth in culture, resembling an in vitro tumor. It occurs spontaneously or through interaction with viruses, oncogenes, radiation, or drugs/chemicals.

Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response.

Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in LEUKEMIA; OSTEOSARCOMA; LUNG CANCER; and COLORECTAL CANCER.

Use of attenuated VIRUSES as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to selectively kill CANCER cells.

Activating transcription factors were originally identified as DNA-BINDING PROTEINS that interact with early promoters from ADENOVIRUSES. They are a family of basic leucine zipper transcription factors that bind to the consensus site TGACGTCA of the cyclic AMP response element, and are closely related to CYCLIC AMP-RESPONSIVE DNA-BINDING PROTEIN.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

Tumor-selective, replication competent VIRUSES that have antineoplastic effects. This is achieved by producing cytotoxicity-enhancing proteins and/or eliciting an antitumor immune response. They are genetically engineered so that they can replicate in CANCER cells but not in normal cells, and are used in ONCOLYTIC VIROTHERAPY.

Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A negative regulator of the CELL CYCLE that undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. It contains a conserved pocket region that binds E2F4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR and interacts with viral ONCOPROTEINS such as POLYOMAVIRUS TUMOR ANTIGENS; ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS; and PAPILLOMAVIRUS E7 PROTEINS.

A member of the p300-CBP transcription factor family that was initially identified as a binding partner for CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN. Mutations in CREB-binding protein are associated with RUBINSTEIN-TAYBI SYNDROME.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

An enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of chloramphenicol to yield chloramphenicol 3-acetate. Since chloramphenicol 3-acetate does not bind to bacterial ribosomes and is not an inhibitor of peptidyltransferase, the enzyme is responsible for the naturally occurring chloramphenicol resistance in bacteria. The enzyme, for which variants are known, is found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. EC 2.3.1.28.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.

ONCOGENE PROTEINS from papillomavirus that deregulate the CELL CYCLE of infected cells and lead to NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. Papillomavirus E7 proteins have been shown to interact with various regulators of the cell cycle including RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and certain cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

An E2F transcription factor that interacts directly with RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and CYCLIN A and activates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION required for CELL CYCLE entry and DNA synthesis. E2F1 is involved in DNA REPAIR and APOPTOSIS.

Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.

Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

Genes whose gain-of-function alterations lead to NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. They include, for example, genes for activators or stimulators of CELL PROLIFERATION such as growth factors, growth factor receptors, protein kinases, signal transducers, nuclear phosphoproteins, and transcription factors. A prefix of "v-" before oncogene symbols indicates oncogenes captured and transmitted by RETROVIRUSES; the prefix "c-" before the gene symbol of an oncogene indicates it is the cellular homolog (PROTO-ONCOGENES) of a v-oncogene.

This line KB is now known to be a subline of the ubiquitous KERATIN-forming tumor cell line HeLa. It was originally thought to be derived from an epidermal carcinoma of the mouth, but was subsequently found, based on isoenzyme analysis, HeLa marker chromosomes, and DNA fingerprinting, to have been established via contamination by HELA CELLS. The cells are positive for keratin by immunoperoxidase staining. KB cells have been reported to contain human papillomavirus18 (HPV-18) sequences.

Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be part of a systemic infection.

Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.

Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. Enhancers can usually function in either orientation and at various distances from a promoter.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Vaccines used to prevent infection by any virus from the family ADENOVIRIDAE.

A conserved A-T rich sequence which is contained in promoters for RNA polymerase II. The segment is seven base pairs long and the nucleotides most commonly found are TATAAAA.

A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).

A genus of the family PARVOVIRIDAE, subfamily PARVOVIRINAE, which are dependent on a coinfection with helper adenoviruses or herpesviruses for their efficient replication. The type species is Adeno-associated virus 2.

The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

A phosphoprotein phosphatase subtype that is comprised of a catalytic subunit and two different regulatory subunits. At least two genes encode isoforms of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit, while several isoforms of regulatory subunits exist due to the presence of multiple genes and the alternative splicing of their mRNAs. Protein phosphatase 2 acts on a broad variety of cellular proteins and may play a role as a regulator of intracellular signaling processes.

Enzymes catalyzing the transfer of an acetyl group, usually from acetyl coenzyme A, to another compound. EC 2.3.1.

Genes that are introduced into an organism using GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A general transcription factor that plays a major role in the activation of eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA POLYMERASES. It binds specifically to the TATA BOX promoter element, which lies close to the position of transcription initiation in RNA transcribed by RNA POLYMERASE II. Although considered a principal component of TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TFIID it also takes part in general transcription factor complexes involved in RNA POLYMERASE I and RNA POLYMERASE III transcription.

Biologically active DNA which has been formed by the in vitro joining of segments of DNA from different sources. It includes the recombination joint or edge of a heteroduplex region where two recombining DNA molecules are connected.

The major sequence-specific DNA-binding component involved in the activation of transcription of RNA POLYMERASE II. It was originally described as a complex of TATA-BOX BINDING PROTEIN and TATA-BINDING PROTEIN ASSOCIATED FACTORS. It is now know that TATA BOX BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE PROTEINS may take the place of TATA-box binding protein in the complex.

Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.

Viruses which enable defective viruses to replicate or to form a protein coat by complementing the missing gene function of the defective (satellite) virus. Helper and satellite may be of the same or different genus.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Tumor suppressor genes located on human chromosome 13 in the region 13q14 and coding for a family of phosphoproteins with molecular weights ranging from 104 kDa to 115 kDa. One copy of the wild-type Rb gene is necessary for normal retinal development. Loss or inactivation of both alleles at this locus results in retinoblastoma.

Head to tail array of covalently joined DNA sequences generated by concatenation. Concatenated DNA is attached end to end in contrast to CATENATED DNA which is attached loop to loop.

Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. Some are host-dependent defectives, meaning they can replicate only in cell systems which provide the particular genetic function which they lack. Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

DNA viruses producing malignant tumors. Of the six major groupings of DNA viruses four contain members which are actually or potentially oncogenic: the Adenoviridae, the Herpesviridae, the Papovaviridae, and the Poxviridae.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

Genes whose expression is easily detectable and therefore used to study promoter activity at many positions in a target genome. In recombinant DNA technology, these genes may be attached to a promoter region of interest.

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.

Cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (T) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (J Cell Biol 17:299-313, 1963). Lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. Tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. The 3T3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3T3 cells possess a high sensitivity to CONTACT INHIBITION.

A negative regulator of the CELL CYCLE that undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. RBL2 contains a conserved pocket region that binds E2F4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR and E2F5 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR. RBL2 also interacts with viral ONCOPROTEINS such as POLYOMAVIRUS TUMOR ANTIGENS; ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS; and PAPILLOMAVIRUS E7 PROTEINS.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".

Structures that are part of or contained in the CELL NUCLEUS.

A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E1A-ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN. They function as transcriptional coactivators by bridging between DNA-binding TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and the basal transcription machinery. They also modify transcription factors and CHROMATIN through ACETYLATION.

A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).

An E2F transcription factor that interacts directly with RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and CYCLIN A. E2F2 activates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION required for CELL CYCLE entry and DNA synthesis.

A large family of regulatory proteins that function as accessory subunits to a variety of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. They generally function as ENZYME ACTIVATORS that drive the CELL CYCLE through transitions between phases. A subset of cyclins may also function as transcriptional regulators.

Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-jun genes (GENES, JUN). They are involved in growth-related transcriptional control. There appear to be three distinct functions: dimerization (with c-fos), DNA-binding, and transcriptional activation. Oncogenic transformation can take place by constitutive expression of c-jun.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

A genus of ADENOVIRIDAE that comprises viruses of several species of MAMMALS and BIRDS. The type species is Ovine adenovirus D.

Synthetic or natural oligonucleotides used in hybridization studies in order to identify and study specific nucleic acid fragments, e.g., DNA segments near or within a specific gene locus or gene. The probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin.

Enzymes that oxidize certain LUMINESCENT AGENTS to emit light (PHYSICAL LUMINESCENCE). The luciferases from different organisms have evolved differently so have different structures and substrates.

A ubiquitously expressed zinc finger-containing protein that acts both as a repressor and activator of transcription. It interacts with key regulatory proteins such as TATA-BINDING PROTEIN; TFIIB; and ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS.

Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells.

A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and most mammals, especially humans. They are grouped into multiple genera, but the viruses are highly host-species specific and tissue-restricted. They are commonly divided into hundreds of papillomavirus "types", each with specific gene function and gene control regions, despite sequence homology. Human papillomaviruses are found in the genera ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; BETAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; GAMMAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; and MUPAPILLOMAVIRUS.

Tumor suppressor genes located on the short arm of human chromosome 17 and coding for the phosphoprotein p53.

A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure where it transcribes DNA into RNA. It has specific requirements for cations and salt and has shown an intermediate sensitivity to alpha-amanitin in comparison to RNA polymerase I and II. EC 2.7.7.6.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Proteins that are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. Deficiencies or abnormalities in these proteins may lead to unregulated cell growth and tumor development.

Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.

The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.

A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.

A genus of potentially oncogenic viruses of the family POLYOMAVIRIDAE. These viruses are normally present in their natural hosts as latent infections. The virus is oncogenic in hosts different from the species of origin.

Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-myc genes. They are normally involved in nucleic acid metabolism and in mediating the cellular response to growth factors. Elevated and deregulated (constitutive) expression of c-myc proteins can cause tumorigenesis.

The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)

Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

The ultimate exclusion of nonsense sequences or intervening sequences (introns) before the final RNA transcript is sent to the cytoplasm.

A diverse class of enzymes that interact with UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYMES and ubiquitination-specific protein substrates. Each member of this enzyme group has its own distinct specificity for a substrate and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Ubiquitin-protein ligases exist as both monomeric proteins multiprotein complexes.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

A family of transcription factors found primarily in PLANTS that bind to the G-box DNA sequence CACGTG or to a consensus sequence CANNTG.

Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

Proteins coded by oncogenes. They include proteins resulting from the fusion of an oncogene and another gene (ONCOGENE PROTEINS, FUSION).

A protein that has been shown to function as a calcium-regulated transcription factor as well as a substrate for depolarization-activated CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES. This protein functions to integrate both calcium and cAMP signals.

Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells.

Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.

An area showing altered staining behavior in the nucleus or cytoplasm of a virus-infected cell. Some inclusion bodies represent "virus factories" in which viral nucleic acid or protein is being synthesized; others are merely artifacts of fixation and staining. One example, Negri bodies, are found in the cytoplasm or processes of nerve cells in animals that have died from rabies.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.

Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.

A suborder of PRIMATES consisting of six families: CEBIDAE (some New World monkeys), ATELIDAE (some New World monkeys), CERCOPITHECIDAE (Old World monkeys), HYLOBATIDAE (gibbons and siamangs), CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets and tamarins), and HOMINIDAE (humans and great apes).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure and transcribes DNA into RNA. It has different requirements for cations and salt than RNA polymerase I and is strongly inhibited by alpha-amanitin. EC 2.7.7.6.

Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)

Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Motifs in DNA- and RNA-binding proteins whose amino acids are folded into a single structural unit around a zinc atom. In the classic zinc finger, one zinc atom is bound to two cysteines and two histidines. In between the cysteines and histidines are 12 residues which form a DNA binding fingertip. By variations in the composition of the sequences in the fingertip and the number and spacing of tandem repeats of the motif, zinc fingers can form a large number of different sequence specific binding sites.

Nucleic acid sequences involved in regulating the expression of genes.

CELL LINES derived from the CV-1 cell line by transformation with a replication origin defective mutant of SV40 VIRUS, which codes for wild type large T antigen (ANTIGENS, POLYOMAVIRUS TRANSFORMING). They are used for transfection and cloning. (The CV-1 cell line was derived from the kidney of an adult male African green monkey (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS).)

INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.

The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Viruses that produce tumors.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

The directional growth of an organism in response to an external stimulus such as light, touch, or gravity. Growth towards the stimulus is a positive tropism; growth away from the stimulus is a negative tropism. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.

Injections introduced directly into localized lesions.

Development of porcine adenovirus-3 as an expression vector. (1/171)

Porcine adenovirus-3 (PAV-3) was developed as an expression vector using homologous recombination in Escherichia coli BJ 5183. As a prerequisite, the complete genome of PAV-3 was first introduced as a PacI restriction fragment into a bacterial plasmid. The plasmid, when PacI restricted and transfected into swine testicular cells, produces an infectious virus. The potential of this procedure was demonstrated by the construction of several PAV-3 recombinants. Part of the E3 region, which is nonessential for virus replication under cell culture conditions, was identified and deleted from the virus genome. The gene for glycoprotein D (gD) of pseudorabies virus (PRV), which elicits PRV-neutralizing antibodies in pigs, was cloned and expressed from the E3 region of PAV-3. A 50 kDa polypeptide was identified in recombinant PAV-3-infected cell lysates by immunoprecipitation assays using gD-specific monoclonal antibodies. In another experiment, a region between the right inverted terminal repeat and the promoter of the E4 region was used to clone and express the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene under the control of SV40 immediate early promoter. CAT gene expression was observed irrespective of the orientation of the CAT gene. These results indicate that the helper-independent recombinant PAV-3 could be used as an expression vector and has potential as a recombinant vaccine vector in pigs. (+info)

Transcription mapping and characterization of 284R and 121R proteins produced from early region 3 of bovine adenovirus type 3. (2/171)

We established the transcription map of early region (E) 3 of bovine adenovirus 3 (BAV-3) by Northern blot, S1 nuclease protection assays, cDNA sequencing, and RT-PCR analysis. Five major classes of mRNAs were identified, which shared the 3' ends. Four classes of mRNAs transcribed from the E3 promoter also shared the 5' end, while one major class of mRNA transcribed from the major late promoter contained a tripartite leader sequence at the 5' end. These five transcripts have the potential to encode four proteins, namely 284R, 121R, 86R, and 82R. To identify the proteins, rabbit antiserum was prepared using a bacterial fusion protein encoding 284R or 121R protein. Serum against 284R immunoprecipitated protein of 26-32 kDa in in vitro translated and transcribed mRNA and three proteins of 48, 67, and 125 kDa from BAV-3-infected cells. Western blots and enzymatic digestions confirmed that the 284R protein is a glycoprotein, which contains only N-linked oligosaccharides, both high mannose (48 kDa) and complex types (67 kDa). Serum against 121R immunoprecipitated a protein of 14.5 kDa from in vitro translated and transcribed mRNA and BAV-3-infected cells. Although 121R protein shows limited sequence similarity to a 14.7-kDa protein of human adenovirus 5, the 284R protein appears to be unique to BAV-3. Since proteins encoded by the E3 region appear to influence adenovirus pathogenesis, the 284R protein may contribute to the unique pathogenic properties of BAV-3. (+info)

Novel role for E4 region genes in protection of adenovirus vectors from lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (3/171)

Target cells infected with adenovirus (Ad) vectors containing intact E3 and E4 regions were found to be relatively resistant to lysis by Ad-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Elements from both the E3 and the E4 regions were required for this effect, leading to the identification of a previously undescribed role for E4 gene products in resistance to cytolysis. (+info)

Cutting edge: adenovirus E19 has two mechanisms for affecting class I MHC expression. (4/171)

Viral strategies for immune evasion include inhibition of various steps in the class I MHC assembly pathway. Here, we demonstrate that adenovirus produces one gene product with a dual function in this regard. It is well established that adenovirus E19 binds class I molecules and retains them in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, E19 also delays the expression of class I alleles to which it cannot tightly bind. Here, we show that E19 binds TAP and acts as a tapasin inhibitor, preventing class I/TAP association. DeltaE19, an E19 mutant lacking the ER-retention signal, delays maturation of class I molecules, indicating that E19's inhibition of class I/TAP interaction is sufficient to delay class I expression. These data identify tapasin inhibition as a novel mechanism of viral immune evasion and suggest that, through this secondary mechanism, adenovirus can affect Ag presentation by MHC alleles that it can only weakly affect by direct retention. (+info)

Mucosal immunization of calves with recombinant bovine adenovirus-3: induction of protective immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1. (5/171)

To determine the potential of replication-competent (E3-deleted) bovine adenovirus-3 (BAV-3) as a delivery system for vaccine antigens in calves, we evaluated the ability of recombinant BAV-3 expressing different forms of of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) glycoprotein gD to protect against BHV-1 infection in calves that had pre-existing BAV-3 specific antibodies. Three- to four-month-old calves, vaccinated intranasally with recombinant BAV-3 expressing full-length gD (BAV3.E3gD) or a truncated version of gD (gDt) (BAV3.E3gDt), or with E3-deleted BAV-3 (BAV3.E3d; control), were challenged with BHV-1 strain 108. Vaccination with BAV3.E3gD or BAV3.E3gDt induced gD-specific antibody responses in serum and nasal secretions, and primed calves for gD-specific lymphoproliferative responses. In addition, all calves developed complement-independent neutralizing antibodies against BHV-1. Protection against viral challenge was observed in calves vaccinated with recombinant BAV3.E3gD or BAV3.E3gDt as shown by a significant reduction in body temperature and clinical disease, and a partial reduction in the amount and duration of virus excretion in nasal secretions. These results indicate that replication-competent BAV-3-based vectors can induce protective immune responses in calves (the natural host) that have pre-existing BAV-3-specific antibodies. (+info)

Generation of an adenovirus vector lacking E1, e2a, E3, and all of E4 except open reading frame 3. (6/171)

Toxicity and immunity associated with adenovirus backbone gene expression is an important hurdle to overcome for successful gene therapy. Recent efforts to improve adenovirus vectors for in vivo use have focused on the sequential deletion of essential early genes. Adenovirus vectors have been constructed with the E1 gene deleted and with this deletion in combination with an E2a, E2b, or E4 deletion. We report here a novel vector (Av4orf3nBg) lacking E1, E2a, and all of E4 except open reading frame 3 (ORF3) and expressing a beta-galactosidase reporter gene. This vector was generated by transfection of a plasmid carrying the full-length vector sequence into A30.S8 cells that express E1 and E2a but not E4. Production was subsequently performed in an E1-, E2a-, and E4-complementing cell line. We demonstrated with C57BL/6 mice that the Av4orf3nBg vector effected gene transfer with an efficiency comparable to that of the Av3nBg (wild-type E4) vector but that the former exhibited a higher level of beta-galactosidase expression. This observation suggests that E4 ORF3 alone is able to enhance RNA levels from the beta-galactosidase gene when the Rous sarcoma virus promoter is used to drive transgene expression in the mouse liver. In addition, we observed less liver toxicity in mice injected with the Av4orf3nBg vector than those injected with the Av3nBg vector at a comparable DNA copy number per cell. This study suggests that the additional deletion of E4 in an E1 and E2a deletion background may be beneficial in decreasing immunogenicity and improving safety and toxicity profiles, as well as increasing transgene capacity and expression for liver-directed gene therapy. (+info)

Novel expression of mouse adenovirus type 1 early region 3 gp11K at late times after infection. (7/171)

Mutations were introduced into mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) early region 3 (E3) initiator codons by homologous recombination between viral DNA and a plasmid containing a mutagenized E3 region. The resulting mutant virus, pmE312, contained ATG --> TTA mutations at codon positions 1 and 4 and was expected to be null for the expression of the E3 proteins. However, gp11K, an MAV-1 E3 glycoprotein of 14K molecular weight, was detected in mutant-infected cell lysates at levels about 10-12% of that of wild-type (wt) virus at late times in infection. The gp11K polypeptide produced by pmE312 at late times was immunoprecipitated with two E3-specific antisera prepared against different regions of the protein. Like gp11K produced by wt virus infections, it was sensitive to endoglycosidase H (endo H) and thus resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In pmE312-infected cells treated with cytosine arabinoside (araC), an inhibitor of DNA replication, the gp11K protein was not detected by immunoprecipitation. This indicates that gp11K expression in pmE312-infected cells at late times was dependent on DNA replication and that it was thus translated from a late transcript. In vitro translation of poly(A)+ RNA from mock-, wild-type-, and pmE312-infected cells showed that gp11K was translated from late mRNA as an approximately 28K fusion between a late protein and gp11K. Our data are consistent with a model in which gp11K is expressed at late times as a late protein-gp11K chimera in both wt- and mutant-infected cells. This chimera is then processed: removal of a large N-terminal sequence results in the observed 14K ER-localized gp11K. (+info)

Reduced toxicity, attenuated immunogenicity and efficient mediation of human p53 gene expression in vivo by an adenovirus vector with deleted E1-E3 and inactivated E4 by GAL4-TATA promoter replacement. (8/171)

A recombinant adenovirus with deleted E1 and E3, and E4-inactivated by replacing the E4 promoter with a synthetic promoter composed of a minimal TATA box and five consensus yeast GAL4-binding site elements was developed and used to express the human tumor suppresser gene p53. The toxicity and immunogenicity of this vector and vector-mediated p53 gene expression in vivo were studied in immunocompetent C3H and C57BL/6 mice. Expression of the late viral gene product, hexon protein, was observed in C3H and C57BL/6 mice injected with E4 wild-type adenovirus constructs Adv-cmv-beta-Gal (BG), Adv-cmv-hp53 (WT), and empty E1- vector Adv-E4 (EW) 3 to 28 days after injection, but was undetectable in mice treated with E4 modified empty E1- vector Adv-GAL4 (EG) or Adv-cmv-hp53-GAL4 (G4). Expression of the p53 gene was observed in both WT- and G4-injected C3H and C57BL/6 mouse livers from days 3 to 28. Ten weeks after injection, p53 gene expression was still detected in G4-treated C57BL/6 mice at similar levels, but was not detectable in WT-treated mice. Vector-induced liver toxicity was evaluated by analyzing serum transaminases (SGOT and SGPT) activities. In all cases, SGOT and SGPT activities were markedly decreased in EG-treated C3H and C57BL/6 mice compared with those in EW-treated mice on days 3, 7 and 14 after injection. In C57BL/6 mice, the total anti-adenoviral CTL activities were two- to three-fold higher in animals treated with EW vector than in those treated with EG vector. These results suggest that inactivation of the E4 promoter efficiently diminished the viral replication and the late viral gene expression, reduced host immune response and consequently reduced toxicity and prolonged the duration of transgene expression in vivo. (+info)

In addition, CD45 was shown to be the target of the species D adenovirus 19a E3/49K protein to inhibit the activation of NK and ... A unique secreted adenovirus E3 protein binds to the leukocyte common antigen CD45 and modulates leukocyte functions. Proc Natl ... The protein product of this gene, best known as CD45, is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are ... "Specific isoforms of the resident endoplasmic reticulum protein glucosidase II associate with the CD45 protein-tyrosine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRC

Ying B, Wold WS (2003). "Adenovirus ADP protein (E3-11.6K), which is required for efficient cell lysis and virus release, ... Mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAD2L2 gene. MAD2L2 is a ... "Trichosanthin interacts with acidic ribosomal proteins P0 and P1 and mitotic checkpoint protein MAD2B". Eur. J. Biochem. 268 (7 ... "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173-1178. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAD2L2

"Interaction of an adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein with a novel tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible cellular protein ... Optineurin interacts with adenovirus E3-14.7K protein and may utilize tumor necrosis factor-alpha or Fas-ligand pathways to ... Optineurin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OPTN gene. This gene encodes the coiled-coil containing protein ... and transcription factor IIIA proteins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optineurin

Introduction of a viral gene that partially deregulates the cell cycle (e.g., the adenovirus type 5 E1 gene was used to ... from testing toxicity of compounds or drugs to production of eukaryotic proteins. While immortalised cell lines often originate ... Artificial expression of key proteins required for immortality, for example telomerase which prevents degradation of chromosome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immortalised_cell_line

... adenovirus e2 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.070 - adenovirus e3 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.080 - adenovirus ... adenovirus e1b proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.060 - adenovirus e2 proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.070 - adenovirus e3 ... adenovirus E1 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.050.100 - adenovirus E1A proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.050.110 - ... adenovirus e1 proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.050.100 - adenovirus e1a proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.050.110 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D12.776)

... with a genome deleted of the entire E1 and E3 regions and the native E4 region replaced with the E4 orf6 of human adenovirus 5 ... on a novel replication defective Gorilla Adenovirus and encodes for SARS-COV-2 full length prefusion stabilized Spike protein. ... More specifically, the vector used is the simian group C adenovirus GRAd32, isolated from a captive gorilla, ... April 2021). "Immunogenicity of a new gorilla adenovirus vaccine candidate for COVID-19". Molecular Therapy. 29 (8): 2412-2423 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRAd-COV2

293 cells for adenovirus vector replication. The Ad26 viral vector lacks the E1 gene required for replication. Therefore, it ... is a viral vector vaccine based on a human adenovirus that has been modified to contain the gene for making the spike protein ... Ad26 vectored COVID-19 vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein is produced in the PER.C6 TetR Cell Line and by ... The PER.C6 cell line is used in the production of adenovirus vectors. Derived from human embryonic retinal cells, PER.C6 has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine

Membrane protein E3 RID-alpha and membrane protein E3 RID-beta performs a variety of molecular functions that contribute to ... "PHA3615: E3 gp19K protein". NCBI. Retrieved 2013-01-17. "PHA3613: E3 14.7K protein". NCBI. Retrieved 2013-01-17. "PHA3605: ... The functions of many adenovirus proteins are known: Structural proteins include capsid proteins II (hexon), III (penton base ... Control protein E3 14.7K protects the virus from host antiviral responses. The control proteins of the E4 transcription unit ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirus_genome

Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (1994). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a member of the ... G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNE1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to ... This protein was found to associate with, and be involved in, the phosphorylation of NPAT protein (nuclear protein mapped to ... Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (December 1993). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_E1

In Adenoviruses, it consists of two transcription units, IVa2 and IX. The late class consists primarily of structural proteins ... In Papillomaviruses, they are called E1 through E7 and also stimulate cellular replication. In Polyomavirus, the early proteins ... The late proteins make up the virus capsid. In Polyomaviruses, they are known as VP1, VP2, and VP3; in Papillomaviruses they ... The early proteins produced in Papillomaviruses and Polyomaviruses regulate the cell cycle and activate DNA replication. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_class_(virology)

These two VA RNA genes are distinct genes in the adenovirus genome. VA RNAI is the major species with VA RNAII expressed at a ... VAI stimulates the translation of both early and late viral genes including E3 and hexon. VAII does not stimulate translation. ... VAI RNA functions as a decoy RNA for the double stranded RNA activated protein kinase R which would otherwise phosphorylate ... The VA (viral associated) RNA is a type of non-coding RNA found in adenovirus. It plays a role in regulating translation. There ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VA_RNA

Pääbo earned his Ph.D. from Uppsala University in 1986 for research investigating how the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates ... Identifitseerin end rootslastega, aga mul on eriline suhe Eestiga) Pääbo, Svante (1986). How the E19 protein of adenoviruses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svante_Pääbo

Large quantities of both adenoviruses are produced by HEK 293 cells that have the E1 gene necessary for viral replication. ... Adenoviral vectors for expression of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have also been used in two other COVID-19 vaccines. One is ... Both Ad26 and Ad5 were modified to remove the E1 gene to prevent replication outside the HEK 293 cells. For the production of ... Adenovirus infections cause only mild colds in healthy individuals, but they can cause life-threatening illnesses in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine

The encoded protein belongs to a family of NEDD4-like proteins, which are E3 ubiquitin-ligase molecules and regulate key ... "Adenovirus protein involved in virus internalization recruits ubiquitin-protein ligases". Biochemistry. 41 (48): 14299-305. doi ... NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the WWP1 gene. WW domain-containing ... "Entrez Gene: WWP1 WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1". Ambrozkiewicz MC, Schwark M, Kishimoto-Suga M, Borisova ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWP1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein kinases. This protein ... Tsai LH, Harlow E, Meyerson M (September 1991). "Isolation of the human cdk2 gene that encodes the cyclin A- and adenovirus E1A ... Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 has been shown to interact with: BRCA1, CDK2AP1, CDKN1B CDKN3, CEBPA, Cyclin A1, Cyclin E1, Flap ... This increases the synthesis of histone proteins (the major protein component of chromatin), and subsequently supports the DNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_2

NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP2 also known as atrophin-1-interacting protein 2 (AIP2) or WW domain-containing ... "Adenovirus protein involved in virus internalization recruits ubiquitin-protein ligases". Biochemistry. 41 (48): 14299-305. doi ... The family of proteins is known to possess ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. The encoded protein contains 4 tandem WW domains ... "Latent membrane protein 2A of Epstein-Barr virus binds WW domain E3 protein-ubiquitin ligases that ubiquitinate B-cell tyrosine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWP2

"Induction of endogenous genes following infection of human endothelial cells with an E1(-) E4(+) adenovirus gene transfer ... S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10), also known as p11, is a protein that is encoded by the S100A10 gene in humans and ... The S100 protein is implicated in exocytosis and endocytosis by reorganization of F-actin. The p11 protein is linked with the ... As a member of the S-100 family, its structure resembles that of the S-100A1 and S-100B proteins. This class of proteins has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S100A10

... and relief of repression by adenovirus E1A protein". Cell. 67 (2): 377-88. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90189-6. PMID 1655281. ... Park K, Atchison ML (November 1991). "Isolation of a candidate repressor/activator, NF-E1 (YY-1, delta), that binds to the ... YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein ... "Relief of YY1 transcriptional repression by adenovirus E1A is mediated by E1A-associated protein p300". Genes & Development. 9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YY1

By 1900, it had been generally accepted that proteins were composed of amino acids; however, whether proteins were colloids or ... 277(31): e1-e2 Harrison, Roger G., Todd, Paul, Rudge, Scott R., Petrides D.P. Bioseparations Science and Engineering. Oxford ... Berkowitz, S.A., Philo, J.S. Monitoring the Homogeneity of Adenovirus Preparations (a Gene Therapy Delivery System) Using ... Sedimentation Velocity Analysis of Heterogeneous Protein-Protein Interactions: Lamm Equation Modeling and Sedimentation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugation

... encoding protein autoimmune regulator APP: amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (peptidase nexin-II, Alzheimer disease) ATP5PF: ... encoding protein coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor CYYR1: Cysteine and tyrosine rich 1 DIP2A: Disco-interacting protein 2 ... encoding protein RWD domain-containing protein 2B S100B: calcium binding protein SAMSN1: encoding SAM domain-containing protein ... encoding enzyme E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase listerin MAP3K7CL: encoding MAP3K7 C-terminal-like protein MCM3AP: encoding ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_21

... the Adenovirus protein E1A. Pathogenic bacteria also mimic host motifs (as well as having their own motifs), however, not to ... Stability - A subset of docking motifs recruit E3 ubiquitin ligase to their substrates. The resulting polyubiquitination ... linear motifs or minimotifs are short stretches of protein sequence that mediate protein-protein interaction. The first ... Linear motif mediated protein-protein interactions have shown promise in recent years as novel drug targets. Success stories ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_linear_motif

... system Isoform-selective protein kinase C agonist Interaction between two proteins Nuclear export signal in a protein HEK 293 ... E1 and E3) are deleted, such as AdEasy. However, homologous recombination between the inserted cellular Ad5 sequence and the ... and could be preferentially transformed by adenovirus. Adenoviruses transform neuronal lineage cells much more efficiently than ... The cells were cultured by van der Eb; the transduction by adenovirus was performed by Frank Graham, a post-doc in van der Eb's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HEK_293_cells

99:e3-e9. Meyer M, Schillinger W; Pieske B, Holubarsch C, Heilmann C, Posival H, et al. (1995). "Alterations of sarcoplasmic ... AAVs also produce less of an immune response than alternative viral vehicles, such as adenoviruses. AAVs have been studied in ... the viral vector can insert itself into the genome and increase expression of the SERCA2a protein. Delivering the gene via an ... reticulum proteins in failing human dilated cardiomyopathy". Circulation. 92:778-784. (Articles with short description, Short ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydicar

... (CAR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXADR gene. The protein encoded by ... doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000218041.41932.e3. PMID 16543498. Lim BK, Xiong D, Dorner A, Youn TJ, Yung A, Liu TI, Gu Y, Dalton ND, ... "Protein sequence of human CXADR (Uniprot ID: P78310)". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from ... Law LK, Davidson BL (Jan 2002). "Adenovirus serotype 30 fiber does not mediate transduction via the coxsackie-adenovirus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxsackievirus_and_adenovirus_receptor

... the immature virion assembles the A5 protein to create the intracellular mature virion.[citation needed] The protein aligns and ... but structural studies suggest it may have been an adenovirus or a species related to both the poxviruses and the adenoviruses ... The early genes encode the non-structural protein, including proteins necessary for replication of the viral genome, and are ... The vaccinia virus is an effective tool for foreign protein expression, as it elicits a strong host immune-response. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poxviridae

"Altered AP-1/ATF complexes in adenovirus-E1-transformed cells due to EIA-dependent induction of ATF3". Oncogene. 12 (5): 1025- ... "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell ... ATF3+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) FactorBook ATF3 This article ... Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF3 gene. Activating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATF3

In a second step, an E1 activating complex binds to SUMO at its di-glycine and passes it on to the E2 protein Ubc9, where it ... Hateboer G, Hijmans EM, Nooij JB, Schlenker S, Jentsch S, Bernards R (1996). "mUBC9, a novel adenovirus E1A-interacting protein ... This process can be assisted by an E3 ligase protein. The sumoylation process is reversible. SENP proteases can remove SUMO ... For example, sumoylation may affect a protein's localization in the cell, its ability to interact with other proteins or DNA. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBE2I

"The Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) forms a complex with the PDZ domain-containing protein ligand-of-numb protein- ... E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase LNX is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LNX1 gene. LNX1 has been shown to interact with ... "c-Src is a PDZ interaction partner and substrate of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ligand-of-Numb protein X1". FEBS Letters. 581 (26 ... "Np9 protein of human endogenous retrovirus K interacts with ligand of numb protein X". Journal of Virology. 78 (19): 10310-9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNX1

All four auxiliary proteins are dispensible for viral replication. The E protein is divided into the E1 and E2 glycoproteins, ... and it has been suggested that Parker's rat coronavirus is only one type of rat salivary adenovirus. It is highly infectious. ... In addition to the four structural proteins of coronaviruses - spike protein (S), membrane protein (M), envelope protein (E) ... The types of auxiliary proteins in different virus strains may differ. For example, MHV-S lacks auxiliary protein 5a, so it is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murine_coronavirus

"COVID-19 Oral and Subcutaneous Vaccination Using a 2nd Generation (E1/E2B/E3-Deleted) Adenovirus Platform in Healthy Volunteers ... "Study of Recombinant Protein Vaccine with Adjuvant against COVID-19 in Adults 18 Years of Age and Older". pactr.samrc.ac.za. ... "COVID-19 Vaccination Using a 2nd Generation (E1/E2B/E3-Deleted) Adenoviral Platform in Healthy South African Adults". ... "COVID-19 Vaccination Using a 2nd Generation (E1/E2B/E3-Deleted) Adenoviral-COVID-19 in Normal Healthy Volunteers". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_clinical_research

Illustration of a SARS-CoV-2 virion[2] Red protrusions: spike proteins (S) Grey coating: lipid bilayer envelope Yellow deposits ... Rhinovirus - Coronavirus - Human parainfluenza viruses - Human respiratory syncytial virus - Adenovirus - Enterovirus - ...

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/കൊറോണ_വൈറസ്

Masuda A, Yoshikai Y, Kume H, Matsuguchi T (November 2004). "The interaction between GATA proteins and activator protein-1 ... Wang N, Verna L, Hardy S, Forsayeth J, Zhu Y, Stemerman MB (September 1999). "Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of c-Jun and c ... of c-fos and c-jun gene expressions during the vitamin-induced differentiation of mouse osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 cells ... "Human cytomegalovirus IE1 protein activates AP-1 through a cellular protein kinase(s)". The Journal of General Virology. 80 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP-1_transcription_factor

Viral glycoproteins, a new class of cellular inhibitory proteins has been discovered. These include the E3 ubiquitin ligases of ... DNA viruses Adenoviruses Parvoviruses Polyomaviruses Anelloviruses RNA viruses Caliciviruses Picornaviruses Reoviruses ... There are three main types of viral glycoproteins: Envelope proteins, membrane proteins, and spike proteins (E, M, and S). The ... either of the fusion protein or of a companion protein, is necessary for the majority of viral fusion proteins. The priming ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_envelope

Clinical trial number NCT02285816 for "MG1 Maraba/MAGE-A3, With and Without Adenovirus Vaccine, With Transgenic MAGE-A3 ... which encode easily identifiable protein markers. One example of such proteins is GFP (green fluorescent protein) which, when ... An oncolytic adenovirus, a genetically modified adenovirus named H101, was approved in China in 2005 for the treatment of head ... This hybrid of adenovirus serotypes Ad11p and Ad3 shows much higher potency and tumour selectivity than the control viruses ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncolytic_virus

... has been shown to interact with: BRCA1, BRF1 C-Raf, Cyclin E1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, HDAC1, ... Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (Dec 1993). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a member of ... Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (Dec 1993). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a member of ... Retinoblastoma-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBL2 gene. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoblastoma-like_protein_2

He also identified two new species of adenoviruses (later called types 40 and 41), as well as confirming the presence of ... Hand, foot, and mouth disease' associated with Coxsackie A5 virus. J Clin Pathol. 1963 Jan;16:53-5. Kapikian, AZ; Wyatt, RG; ... were thought to have a double protein outer coat. The early research papers from the 1970s use both names. Flewett did much ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Flewett

"A family of proteins structurally and functionally related to the E6-AP ubiquitin-protein ligase". Proceedings of the National ... 1991 Chellappan, S.; Kraus, V. B.; Kroger, B.; Munger, K.; Howley, P. M.; Phelps, W. C.; Nevins, J. R. (1992). "Adenovirus E1A ... Insights into Ubiquitination by the E2-E3 Enzyme Cascade". Science. 286 (5443): 1321-1326. doi:10.1126/science.286.5443.1321. ... 1990 Huibregtse, J.M.; Scheffner, M.; Howley, P.M. (1991). "A cellular protein mediates association of p53 with the E6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_M._Howley

Analysis of ordered arrays of protein, such as 2-D crystals of transmembrane proteins or helical arrays of proteins, also ... 25 (4): 663-670.e3. doi:10.1016/j.str.2017.02.005. PMC 5382802. PMID 28286002. Chen B, Kaledhonkar S, Sun M, Shen B, Lu Z, ... the group led by Jacques Dubochet at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory showed images of adenovirus embedded in a ... In 2019, cryo-EM structures represented 2.5% of structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank, and this number continues to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_electron_cryomicroscopy

... proteins and small ribonucleoproteins (snRNP). Proteins encoded by aberrantly spliced pre-mRNAs are functionally different and ... The mRNA (-E3) encodes a truncated form of hGH that then inhibits normal hGH secretion. Minigenes were used to determine that a ... RNA splicing was discovered in the late 1970s through the study of adenoviruses that invade mammals and replicate inside them. ... Tau protein isoforms are created by alternative splicing of exons 2, 3 and 10. The regulation of tau splicing is specific to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigene

This applies specially to certain E3, E4, E5 and E8 open reading frames.[citation needed] Encodes a protein that binds to the ... Glaunsinger BA, Lee SS, Thomas M, Banks L, Javier R (November 2000). "Interactions of the PDZ-protein MAGI-1 with adenovirus E4 ... E6 proteins also interact with the MAGUK (membrane-associated guanylate kinase family) proteins. These proteins, including MAGI ... very hydrophobic proteins that destabilise the function of many membrane proteins in the infected cell. The E5 protein of some ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillomaviridae

In subsequent work, he showed that Seven in Absentia is activated by the Ras signal transduction pathway and acts as an E3 ... He showed that the RING finger domain protein Seven in Absentia is essential for multipotent eye cells to adopt an R7 ... "An RNA polymerase II transcription factor binds to an upstream element in the adenovirus major late promoter". Cell. 43 (2): ... It was the first group to provide genetic evidence that Frizzled proteins were Wnt receptors in vivo. In 1998, the group ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Carthew

"Enhanced tumor suppression by a p14ARF/p53 bicistronic adenovirus through increased p53 protein translation and stability". ... It is the physiological inhibitor of MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase controlling the activity and stability of P53, and loss of ... When a mutation occurs in protein p16, it prevents the protein kinase of CDK4, which results in the inactivation of the tumor ... These exons are used to create two proteins named p16 and p14ARF. Protein p16, created by exon 1α and exon 2, is responsible ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDKN2A

... the protein-encoding mRNA for the transcriptional regulator Pu.1-protein, elevation of Pu.1 protein predisposes defective IgG1 ... 202 (5): 466.e1-7. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.01.057. PMID 20452491. Hu YL, Fong S, Largman C, Shen WF (Sep 2010). "HOXA9 ... and adenoviruses, another virus expressing miR-155-like miRNA in chickens is the oncogenic MDV-1 whose non-oncogenic relative ... Immature B cells which are miR-155 deficient evade apoptosis as a result of elevated Bcl-2 protein levels; a protein that was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiR-155

"Identification of a cell protein (FIP-3) as a modulator of NF-kappaB activity and as a target of an adenovirus inhibitor of ... 214 (4): 538.e1-538.e7. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2015.11.002. PMID 26571191. http://content.ebscohost.com/ContentServer.asp?T=P&P=AN& ... IKBKG+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on ... Xiao G, Sun SC (October 2000). "Activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta through their fusion with HTLV-I tax protein". Oncogene. 19 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKBKG

... one aa change was observed in each of the following proteins: E1A, E1B, protein VI, and E3 20.8-kDa. ... Methods in molecular medicine, volume 130: adenovirus methods and protocols: adenoviruses, ad vectors, quantitation, and animal ... OFlanagan D, ODonnell J, Domegan L, Fitzpatrick F, Connell J, Coughlan S, et al. First reported cases of human adenovirus ... Adenovirus serotype 14 infection, New Brunswick, Canada, 2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19:119-22. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/7/16-1730_article

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirus_genome

E3 ubiquitin ligase Mindbomb 1 facilitates nuclear delivery of adenovirus genomes. Title: E3 ubiquitin ligase Mindbomb 1 ... E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIB1. Names. DAPK-interacting protein 1. RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase MIB1. mindbomb E3 ... MIB1 MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 [Homo sapiens] MIB1 MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 [Homo sapiens]. Gene ID:57534 ... mRNA and Protein(s) * XM_047437676.1 → XP_047293632.1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIB1 isoform X1 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/57534

... unique secreted adenovirus E3 protein binds to the leukocyte common antigen CD45 and modulates leukocyte functions. Proc. Natl ... Stark, S.; Flaig, R. M.; Sandusky, M. M.; Watzl, C.: ¬The¬ use of trimeric isoleucine-zipper fusion proteins to study surface- ... Protein Sci. 43 Suppl.: Unit 19.11, 13 pp. (2006). I am interested in this work. ... Liesche, C.; Sauer, P.; Prager, I.; Urlaub, D.; Claus, M.; Eils, R.; Beaudouin, J.; Watzl, C.: Single-fluorescent protein ...

https://www.ifado.de/immunology/staff/carsten-watzl/

"Human Adenovirus Infection Causes Cellular E3 Ubiquitin Ligase MKRN1 Degradation Involving the Viral Core Protein pVII." in: ... This protein can also enhance DNA replication of the adenovirus genome. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms ... The encoded protein is part of a complex localized to the endoplasmic reticulum but is found in the nucleus and inhibits ... The protein encoded by this gene inhibits acetylation of nucleosomes, especially histone H4, by histone acetylases (HAT). This ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/se/set-taf-i-56007/set-taf-i-antibodies-18128/

... these viruses have been engineered to stimulate an immune response against cancer cells that express a protein called MAGE-A3, ... "The idea behind this trial is to use the Adenovirus to prime the patients immune system to recognize their cancer, and then ... while AdMA3 is derived from a common cold virus called Adenovirus. Both of ...

https://www.ohri.ca/newsroom/story/view/581?l=en

BIM is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. In the immune system, BIM has been described as lymphocyte ... Role of BIM in the generation of antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes in response to vaccination with recombinant adenovirus. ... Papel de BIM na geração de linfócitos T CD8+ antígeno-específicos, em resposta à vacinação com adenovírus recombinante. ...

https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42133/tde-10072017-143301/en.php

generate an adenovirus-vector vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and show that a single dose of mucosal vaccination ... we find that a single vaccination with a replication-defective human type 5 adenovirus encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ( ... The E1/E3 deleted replication-defective Ad5 encoding full-length S led by the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) signal peptide ... Immunization with a novel human type 5 adenovirus-vectored vaccine expressing the premembrane and envelope proteins of Zika ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-17972-1?error=cookies_not_supported&code=c31df01f-e43f-446a-8d8e-e74bcaf382bf

Find and purchase Recombinant Proteins of Cusabio, a manufacturer. Multiple Tags. Great Bioactivity & Reproducibility. 100% ... Recombinant Human adenovirus C serotype 5 Early E3 14.5 kDa protein. CSB-YP366166HIL. CSB-EP366166HIL. CSB-BP366166HIL. CSB- ... Recombinant Human papillomavirus type 11 Replication protein E1(E1),partial. CSB-YP366087HMG. CSB-BP366087HMG. CSB-MP366087HMG ... Recombinant Human adenovirus B serotype 7 Early E1B 9 kDa protein. CSB-YP366165HII. CSB-EP366165HII. CSB-BP366165HII. CSB- ...

https://www.cusabio.com/catalog-19-E-163.html

https://wwwnc-origin.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/7/16-1730

... proteins and a DNA sequence within AAVS1 containing a 16 bp Rep recognition sequence (RRS) and closely spaced Rep nicking site ... which contain the adenovirus E1 gene were co-transfected with the E1 deleted adenovirus helper plasmid pHelper (Stratagene) and ... Wonderling RS, Kyostio SR, Owens RA: A maltose-binding protein/adeno-associated virus Rep68 fusion protein has DNA-RNA helicase ... The two plasmids were used to co-transfect a human embryonic kidney cell line expressing the adenovirus E1 gene (Stratagene ...

https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-7-218

... to generate recombinant adenoviruses (Ad-shCircGLCE). Adenoviruses harbouring green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP) were used as a ... Ltd, Shanghai, China). pDC311-shCircGLCE or pDC311-mir-587-sponge and pBHGlox E1,3Cre were cotransfected into HEK-293 cells ... The propagated recombinant adenoviruses in the HEK-293 cells were purified, and the virus titer was measured by plaque assays. ... F) The altered expression patterns of STAP1 protein were caused by miR-587 overexpression or silencing, which was detected by ...

https://aging-us.com/article/104035/text

RNA polymerase II associated protein 2). Available with optional GFP reporter or cell-specific promoter. ... Human Adenovirus Type5 (dE1/E3). Promoter. CMV. Reporter. none, optional GFP, CFP, YFP, RFP or mCherry. Storage Buffer. DMEM, 2 ... RNA polymerase II associated protein 2. Gene ID. 79871. Gene Synonyms. C1orf82; Rtr1. ORF Size. 1755 bp. RefSeq#. BC031070. ... We recommend aliquoting your vectors into low protein binding tubes upon receipt. This helps avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles ...

https://www.vectorbiolabs.com/product/adv-221546-human-rpap2-adenovirus/

Adenovirus (serotypes 1, 6, 7, and 12) has been associated with cases of meningoencephalitis. Chronic meningoencephalitis has ... These processes account for the characteristic changes in CSF cell count, pH, lactate, protein, and glucose in patients with ... Pattern recognition receptors, of which TLR A4 (TLRA4) is the best studied, lead to increase in the myeloid differentiation 88 ... In many cases, this contributes to vasogenic edema and elevated CSF protein levels. In response to the cytokines and ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/232915-10731/which-adenovirus-serotypes-are-etiologic-agents-of-meningoencephalitis

Adenovirus vectors are depleted of their E1 region, which is essential for reproduction and may also be deprived of the E3 and ... E3, E4) and five late (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) genes. The early genes initiate viral replication and shut down host protein ... This applies to the adenovirus vector with which Gelsinger was injected, since adenovirus antibodies are frequently found in ... Unlike the adenovirus, AAV is a parvovirus and normally does not cause cell damage and integrates stably into the host cell ...

https://www.ddw-online.com/the-genie-in-the-test-tube-from-gene-to-gene-therapy-part-1-1604-200010/

A) Isolate A1312 right end (9,606 bp); B) isolate A1139 right end (9,591 bp). ORFs for the E3 proteins CR1-α and CR1-β are ... The 2 fiber genes, in which a long fiber protein (fiber 1) is followed by a shorter fiber protein (fiber 2), are also shown. ... in the right ends of the genomes of 2 macaque adenovirus isolates identified in study of prevalence of adenoviruses in fecal ... Adenoviruses in Fecal Samples from Asymptomatic Rhesus Macaques, United States Soumitra Roy1, Arbansjit Sandhu, Angelica Medina ...

https://wwwnc-origin.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/7/11-1665-f2.htm

SUMO modification changes the function and/or fate of the protein especially under stress conditions, and the consequences of ... Several recent studies have implicated SUMO proteins as key regulators in various cardiovascular disorders. The focus of this ... Gam1, an adenovirus protein, selectively leads to the degradation of SUMO E1 activating enzyme [11]. Microinjections of Gam1 ... PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT) is a eukaryotic SUMO E3 ligase family with its counterparts called Siz proteins in ...

https://jbiomedsci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12929-020-00689-0

Adenovirus E3/19K promotes evasion of NK cell recognition by intracellular sequestration of the NKG2D ligands major ... histocompatibility complex class I chain-related proteins A and B. McSharry, B. P., Burgert, H-G., Owen, D. P., Stanton, R. J. ... Adenoviruses in avian hosts: Recent discoveries shed new light on adenovirus diversity and evolution. Athukorala, A., Helbig, K ... Adenovirus in parrots: A case study. Fearnside, K., Das, S. & Raidal, S. R., 2016, Proceedings of the Association of Avian ...

https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/publications/?showAdvanced=false&allConcepts=true&inferConcepts=true&originalSearch=&improvedLayoutOrganisationUuid=&format=&page=21&ordering=title&descending=false

Agarwal SK, Ghosh PK, Gupta D. Cardiac surgery and cold-reactive proteins. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995 Oct. 60(4):1143-50. [QxMD ... 150(4):338-44, 344.e1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].. *. Berentsen S, Ulvestad E, Tjonnfjord GE. B-lymphocytes as targets ... Other viral infections - Mumps, varicella, rubella, adenovirus, HIV, influenza, hepatitis C * Bacterial infections - ... Cold agglutinins are seen in CANOMAD syndrome (chronic ataxic neuropathy ophthalmoplegia M-protein agglutination disialosyl ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/135327-overview:field_topic_overview_section:2:a3

Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein 21% * FITC-annexin A5 8% ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/improved-anti-tumor-therapy-based-upon-infectivity-enhanced-adeno/fingerprints/?sortBy=alphabetically

The UPR sensor IRE1α and the adenovirus E3-19K glycoprotein sustain persistent and lytic infections. ... Cell biological analyses, genetics and chemical interference demonstrate that one of five AdV membrane proteins, the E3-19K ... Fats, proteins and carbohydrates are the main sources of energy in human nutrition. The relationship between these three has ... Here, we elucidate a mechanism supporting the persistence of human adenovirus (AdV), a virus that can kill immunosuppressed ...

https://glideruniversity.org/category/reverse/

Replication of adenovirus type 5 containing the 0.6 kb midkne promoter (Ad5MK) was assessed by the detection of E1 protein in ... Both midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression were strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cell liens, moderate in BxPC-3, ... was assessed by fluorescent staining of cancer cell lines using adenovirus type 5 containing the green fluorescent protein gene ... We examined midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression by seven human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC-3 ...

https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1756-9966-27-30

Besson S, Vragniau C, Vassal-Stermann E , Dagher MC and Fender P. The Adenovirus Dodecahedron : Beyond the Platonic Story. ... Binding Mechanism Elucidation of the Acute Respiratory Disease Causing Agent Adenovirus of Serotype 7 to Desmoglein-2. Viruses ... Fender P. Recombinant adenoviruses and adenovirus penton vectors : from DNA transfer to direct protein delivery into cell. ( ... Controlled transgene expression by E1-E4-defective adenovirus vectors harbouring a "tet-on" switch system. J Gene Med. 2002 Nov ...

https://www.ibs.fr/recherche/groupes-de-recherche/groupe-microscopie-electronique-et-methodes-guy-schoehn/equipe-fender/liste-des-publications/?lang=fr

Development of Cell Lines Capable of Complementing E1, E4, and Protein IX Defective Adenovirus Type 5 Mutants Academic Article ... Time-resolved immunofluorometric assay of p53 protein Academic Article * Time-resolved immunofluorometric assay of p53 protein. ... Solid-phase radioimmunoassay with protein-A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus cells used to assay a protein (ferritin) and a hapten ... ELISA-detected p53 protein accumulation is a prognostic factor in a large cohort of breast cancer patients. Conference Paper ...

https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/vocab-for-1004-medical-biotechnology

https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/organisations/charles-sturt-university/publications/?ordering=title&descending=false&page=21

E1-deleted human adenovirus vectors were injected into the caudate nucleus of rats. Two months later, expression of protein ... Whereas in many organs an antiviral T cell response eliminates the vector and damages local tissue, when adenovirus vectors are ... A subcutaneous injection of adenovirus vector at this time, however, led within 2 weeks to severe mononuclear inflammation and ... This caused local demyelination and a decrease in detectable protein expression from the vector. Interestingly, intense ...

https://www.stemcells.ox.ac.uk/publications/397141

All these processes involve the participation of cellular proteins, mitochondrial proteins, and virus specific proteins. This ... Others modulate the permeability transition pore and either prevent or induce the release of the apoptotic proteins from the ... hijack the host mitochondrial proteins to function fully inside the host cell. ... Some viruses encode the Bcl2 homologues to counter the proapoptotic functions of the cellular and mitochondrial proteins. ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/av/2013/738794/

... we co-expressed three avian virus proteins together with the fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) Fiber-2 protein, infectious ... which recruits A3 proteins to Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases equivalent to Cul5 for ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal ... Maedi-visna virus Vif protein uses motifs distinct from HIV-1 Vif to bind zinc and cofactor required for A3 degradation. The ... Maedi-visna virus Vif protein uses motifs distinct from HIV-1 Vif to bind zinc and cofactor required for A3 degradation. ...

https://www.vitechnologies.com/maedi-visna-virus-vif-protein-uses-motifs-distinct-from-hiv-1-vif-to-bind-zinc-and-cofactor-required-for-a3-degradation/

Adenovirus construction. The pHBAd-U6-MCS-CMV-GFP-Δloxp was recombined with backbone pBHGlox(delta)E1, 3Cre in bacteria. The ... Adenovirus transduction. Ad-sh-Mst1 or control Ad-sh-green fluorescent protein (GFP) was designed and provided by Hanheng ... In addition, the protein expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins were measured. The expression of Bcl-2 was decreased, ... A and B) Expression level of IL-6 and TNF-α in mouse myocardium; n=6. (C-E) Protein levels of MDA, SOD and GSH-PX in mouse ...

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijmm.2022.5202

Cellular and humoral immune responses to adenovirus and p53 protein antigens in patients following intratumoral injection of an ... immunogenicity and efficient mediation of human p53 gene expression in vivo by an adenovirus vector with deleted E1-E3 and ... Targeted expression of green fluorescent protein/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand fusion protein from ... Adenovirus-mediated small hairpin RNA targeting Bcl-XL as therapy for colon cancer. Int J Cancer 121(6):1366-72, 2007. PMID: ...

https://faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/bingliang_fang.html

We recommend aliquoting your vectors into low protein binding tubes upon receipt. (vectorbiolabs.com)
The earliest viruses to be studied as vectors were retroviruses and adenoviruses. (ddw-online.com)
Immunological instability of persistent adenovirus vectors in the brain: peripheral exposure to vector leads to renewed inflammation, reduced gene expression, and demyelination. (ox.ac.uk)
Nonreplicating adenovirus vectors are being developed as vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic genes in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
Whereas in many organs an antiviral T cell response eliminates the vector and damages local tissue, when adenovirus vectors are injected into the brain the subsequent immune attack can be ineffective, allowing the vector to persist. (ox.ac.uk)
In the present study, E1-deleted human adenovirus vectors were injected into the caudate nucleus of rats. (ox.ac.uk)
These experiments demonstrate that although adenovirus vectors can persist in the brain without causing chronic inflammation, they remain the potential target of a damaging cell-mediated immune response brought about by a subsequent peripheral exposure to vector. (ox.ac.uk)
Finally, AdZ.F(pk7) adenoviruses with modified fibre structure produced 10- to 40-fold higher reporter gene activity in spleen T cells and lamina propria mononuclear cells of colitic mice compared with standard AdCMVβGal vectors. (bmj.com)
Second, most work with Ad vectors utilizes FG-Ad vectors that are replication-defective due to a deletion of the E1 gene (Fig. 1B). (thetechnoant.info)
In HD-Ad vectors, all viral genes are erased eliminating manifestation of potentially poisonous and immunogenic viral proteins in transduced cells (Fig. 1C). (thetechnoant.info)
300 pre-made and ready to use adenovirus vectors. (signagen.com)
Adenovirus vectors are non-toxic, non-integrating, non-enveloped viruses with a linear double-stranded DNA. (sirion-biotech.com)
To enter the cells Ad5-based vectors use the Coxsackie-Adenovirus Receptor (CAR). (sirion-biotech.com)
To increase the packaging capacity in recombinant vectors two genes from the wild type adenovirus are deleted (E1 and E3): E1 is provided by the packaging cells (HEK293) and E3 is not essential for virus production. (sirion-biotech.com)
Adenovirus vectors provide strong, transient gene expression or -knockdown are used for gene therapy, vaccine, and cancer therapy development. (sirion-biotech.com)
Characteristically, a vaccine is composed of a component of the pathogenic microorganism, and may be in its live attenuated, inactivated form, protein or saccharide fractions, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), or carried by genetically modified vectors. (fiocruz.br)
In the first of a 2-part series, we explore what makes adenoviruses so useful in gene therapy applications and how they are being developed as vectors for vaccines at the Jenner Institute in Oxford. (thenativeantigencompany.com)
What makes adenoviruses great viral vectors? (thenativeantigencompany.com)
1. Lung transplantation requirements for viral replication.8 the deleted e1 region adenovirus vectors are epichromosomal, therapeutic gene is ret). (aestheticscienceinstitute.edu)
Recombinant adeno-associated pathogen type 2 (AAV) vectors signify a appealing gene delivery program for their nonpathogenicity, capability to stably transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells including cells from lung (5), liver organ (21, 22), human brain (13), and muscles (8, 9, 23), and genome-integrating capacity which Ziprasidone hydrochloride monohydrate leads to long-term protein appearance (16, 22). (cisplatin.info)
In the entire case of recombinant AAV vectors, the primary focus on of the immune system response may be the capsid from the vector particle since these vectors usually do not encode any viral proteins. (cisplatin.info)
AAV vectors expressing green fluorescent proteins (GFP) (11), -galactosidase (LacZ) (15), and individual aspect IX (hFIX) had been constructed and produced as defined previously (22). (cisplatin.info)

Control protein E1B 19K suppresses apoptosis by mimicking the action of cellular protein Bcl-2. (wikipedia.org)
Control protein E1B 55K binds to and inactivates the transcriptional regulator p53, thus blocking transcription of genes normally activated by p53 and contributing to the suppression of apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane protein E3 RID-alpha and membrane protein E3 RID-beta performs a variety of molecular functions that contribute to inhibiting apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
The encoded protein is part of a complex localized to the endoplasmic reticulum but is found in the nucleus and inhibits apoptosis following attack by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (antibodies-online.com)
Mst1 is a protein kinase that can be activated during cardiomyocyte apoptosis ( 12 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Optineurin interacts with adenovirus E3-14.7K protein and may utilize tumor necrosis factor-alpha or Fas-ligand pathways to mediate apoptosis, inflammation or vasoconstriction. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 protein are inverse factors influencing tumour cell turnover in primary carcinoid tumours of the lung. (medigraphic.com)
In addition to blocking protein synthesis, a long-term effect of the toxin in several types of cells is the induction of apoptosis (16). (dactolisib.info)
Trichostatin A sensitizes cisplatin-resistant A549 cells to apoptosis by up-regulating death-associated protein kinase. (beyotime.com)
Dickkopf‑related protein 3 (DKK3), which is a member of the Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor family, is considered to be a tumor suppressor, due to its reduced expression in cancer cells and its ability to induce apoptosis when overexpressed by adenovirus. (spandidos-publications.com)
GSK-3 regulates protein translation, promotion of mitochondrial apoptosis, and levels of other signaling elements like cyclin D1 and D2 by activation of different transcription factors (18C20). (gelechioidea.info)
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-X (Bcl-2-like 1 protein). (deathbase.org)
Inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) (Inhibitor of T-cell apoptosis protein). (deathbase.org)
Overexpression of Rab26 by Rab26 adenoviruses partially inactivated LPS-induced TLR4 signaling pathway, suppressed the cell apoptosis and attenuated the hyperpermeability of HPMVECs. (inno-406.info)

This protein may also promote the ubiquitination and degradation of death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). (nih.gov)
To develop a recombinant bivalent vaccine candidate that may concurrently forestall these two illnesses, we used the nonessential gene TK (thymidine kinase) of MYXV because the insertion web site to assemble a recombinant shuttle vector p7.5-VP60-GFP expressing the RHDV main capsid protein (VP60) and the selectable marker GFP. (vitechnologies.com)
The blockage of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent proteins kinase II with autoinhibitory peptide inhibited the gradual and fast stages also, in keeping with disruption of the myosin-actinC dependent stage of vesicle recruitment. (biotech2012.org)
Since MRLC3 was identified as a protein with strong selective binding to peptides related to the non-phosphorylated forms Ramelteon (TAK-375) of checkpoint kinase substrate motifs but not to these same peptides following phosphorylation we asked whether the AATF:MRLC3 connection could be disrupted by phosphatase inhibition. (careersfromscience.org)
DNA-PKcs belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase protein family. (dna-pkinhibitors.com)
In addition, in HSC‑3 shDKK3 cells, the expression levels of phosphorylated (p)‑protein kinase B (Akt) (Ser473), p‑phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) p85 (Tyr467), p‑PI3K p55 (Try199), p‑3‑phosphoinositide‑dependent protein kinase‑1 (PDK1) (Ser241) and total p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) were reduced. (spandidos-publications.com)
B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) (Rmil serine/threonine-protein kinase) (c-Rmil). (deathbase.org)
Neural precursor cell portrayed developmentally downregulated 9 CR2 (NEDD9), also called as individual enhancer of filamentation 1 (HEF1) or Cas-L (Crk-associated substrate L), is normally a scaffold protein localized in focal adhesions to put together the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as well as the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src to modify multiple mobile signaling pathways [28, 29]. (tech-strategy.org)
At the cellular level, IL-6 is known to bind to its receptor complex (IL-6R/Gp130) and subsequently activate different signaling cascades, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 BMP7 (STAT3), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and NF-B pathways (16,C19). (bibr-1048.info)

The example used for the following description is Human adenovirus E, a mastadenovirus with a 36 Kbp genome containing 38 protein-coding genes. (wikipedia.org)
While the precise number and identity of genes varies among adenoviruses, the basic principles of genome organization and the functions of most of the genes described in this article are shared among all adenoviruses. (wikipedia.org)
The 38 genes in the Human adenovirus E genome are organized in 17 transcription units, each containing 1-8 coding sequences. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The names, locations, and properties of the 38 protein-coding genes in the Human Adenovirus E genome are given in the following table. (wikipedia.org)
Adenovirus DNA replication begins at each end of the viral DNA, using the TP protein (rather than RNA) as a primer, so the viral DNA polymerase replicates every base of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
This protein can also enhance DNA replication of the adenovirus genome. (antibodies-online.com)
Mitochondria contain a single 16 kb circular DNA genome, which codes for 13 proteins (mostly subunits of respiratory chains I, II, IV, and V), 22 mitochondrial tRNAs and 2 rRNAs [ 25 , 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
The virus's positive single-stranded RNA genome forms a complex structure with the nucleocapsid (N) protein when the N protein is present, resulting in helical nucleocapsids. (medicalandresearch.com)
The genome was polyadenylated, and the capsid protein was introduced (Carter et al. (medicalandresearch.com)
Open up in another window Shape 1 Schematic representation of adenovirus genome corporation for replication-competent (A), First-Generation (B), and Helper-Dependent (C) infections. (thetechnoant.info)
Ad.MAX™ Technology for Maximum Adenovirus Production: Ad.MAX™ technology was developed by genetically modifying virus packaging cell, HEK293 cell and adenoviral shuttle vector or adenoviral genome for maximum adenovirus production. (signagen.com)
Rep gene encodes regulatory proteins involved in genome replication (Rep 78/68) and packaging (Rep 52/408). (sirion-biotech.com)
After 292 failures, Frank finally succeeded in 1977 in creating an immortal HEK lineage incorporating the adenovirus genome. (synabs.be)
A striking feature of the genome of TtPV2, as well as that of PsPV1, is the lack of an E7 open reading frame, which typically encodes one of the oncogenic proteins believed to be responsible for malignant transformation in the high-risk mucosotropic human papillomaviruses (HPVs). (microbiologyresearch.org)
As the usage of genome-integrating infections, such as for example retroviruses or lentiviruses in previously research limited its scientific applicability because of its prospect of insertional mutation and tumor development, successful era of hiPSCs with nongenetic strategies including episomal plasmid vectors35),36) adenovirus,37) Sendai trojan,38) and improved mRNAs39) resolved this matter. (gw5074.com)

Hograindleur MA, Effantin G, Fenel D, Mas C, Lieber A, Schoehn G, Fender P and Vassal-Stermann E. Binding Mechanism Elucidation of the Acute Respiratory Disease Causing Agent Adenovirus of Serotype 7 to Desmoglein-2. (ibs.fr)
Vassal-Stermann E, Mottet M, Ducournau C, Iseni F, Vragniau C, Wang H, Zubieta C, Lieber A, Fender P. Mapping of Adenovirus of serotype 3 fibre interaction to desmoglein 2 revealed a novel 'non-classical' mechanism of viral receptor engagement. (ibs.fr)
Sumarheni S, Hong SS, Josserand V, Coll JL, Boulanger P, Schoehn G, Fender P. Human Full-Length Coagulation Factor X and a GLA Domain-Derived 40-mer Polypeptide Bind to Different Regions of the Adenovirus Serotype 5 Hexon Capsomer. (ibs.fr)
Lu ZZ, Wang H, Zhang Y, Cao H, Li Z, Fender P and Lieber A. Penton-Dodecahedral Particles Trigger Opening of Intercellular Junctions and Facilitate Viral Spread during Adenovirus Serotype 3 Infection of Epithelial Cells. (ibs.fr)
The HD-Ad program is specially suitable to serotype switching also, since adenoviruses in the same subgroup can generally cross-package each other's genomes. (thetechnoant.info)
All the pre-packaged adenoviruses were packaged from Ad.MAX™ system with a serotype 5 adenoviral backbone* (E1/E3 deletion). (signagen.com)

Adenovirus genomes are linear, non-segmented double-stranded (ds) DNA molecules that are typically 26-46 Kbp long, containing 23-46 protein-coding genes. (wikipedia.org)
The proteins coded for by genes within these transcription units are mostly involved in regulation of viral transcription, in replication of viral DNA, and in suppression of the host response to infection. (wikipedia.org)
Control protein E1A activates transcription of a number of viral genes as well as genes of the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
The 2 fiber genes, in which a long fiber protein (fiber 1) is followed by a shorter fiber protein (fiber 2), are also shown. (cdc.gov)
Small, monomeric GTP-binding proteins encoded by ras genes (GENES, RAS). (lookformedical.com)
The Hox proteins play a role in development and cellular differentiation by regulating downstream target genes. (hoxa3.com)
BACKGROUND/AIMS Replication deficient recombinant adenoviruses represent an efficient means of transferring genes in vivo into a wide variety of dividing and quiescent cells from many different organs. (bmj.com)
Lentiviruses have three main genes coding for the viral proteins: gag, pol, env responsible for viral capsid and matrix proteins (gag), viral integration and transcription of the carried transgene (pol), transmembrane proteins required for host cell entry (env). (sirion-biotech.com)
The adenoviral genes required for proper AAV packaging are provided in the pHelper plasmid (E2A, E4 and VA RNA) or in the 293 packaging cells (E1). (thelpercells.com)
The cell line was later confirmed to have incorporated the Ad5 E1A and E1B genes into chromosome 19, E1 region being necessary for activation of viral promoters and expression of both early and late genes. (synabs.be)
A panel of group B adenoviruses expressing individual mouse adenovirus 1 genes were also unable to rescue EnAd replication. (ox.ac.uk)

Adenoviral transduction efficiency was assessed by fluorescent staining of cancer cell lines using adenovirus type 5 containing the green fluorescent protein gene (Ad5GFP). (biomedcentral.com)
E1a mRNA expression in the treated tumors and expression of the replication-specific adenoviral hexon protein were evaluated. (biomedcentral.com)
Deletion of E1 from the viral vector prevents the virus replication to guarantee the safety of adenoviral vector. (sirion-biotech.com)
Sensitization of prostate cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs induced by the small adenoviral E1A12S protein through multiple cell death/signalling pathways. (qmul.ac.uk)

CD10 (CALLA, Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen) is an integral Type II-membrane protein with a molecular weight of 100 kDa. (anacrom.com)
This work introduces Ca V -aβlator as a potent genetically-encoded HVACC inhibitor, and describes a general approach that can be broadly adapted to generate versatile modulators for macro-molecular membrane protein complexes. (elifesciences.org)
Sampling the conformational space of membrane protein surfaces with the AFM. (mpg.de)
Protein disulfide isomerase homolog PDILT is required for quality control of sperm membrane protein ADAM3 and male fertility [corrected]. (kumamoto-u.ac.jp)

The E1/E3 deleted replication-defective Ad5 encoding full-length S led by the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) signal peptide (Ad5-nCoV) was confirmed as a vaccine candidate (Fig. 1a, b ). (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Adenovirus-based vaccine design and immunogenicity in mice. (nature.com)
A study to evaluate safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of GSK Biologicals' RSV investigational vaccine based on viral proteins encoded by chimpanzee-derived adenovector (ChAd155-RSV) (GSK3389245A) in infants. (biosafety.be)
Therefore, around this vaccine, as well as other COVID-19 vaccines developed using similar (mRNA) or different platforms (adenovirus vector, protein subunit, inactivated or attenuated whole virion), knowledge and ignorance have often become entwined, without a genuine desire to clearly define facts clearly and objectively consider the unknowns. (fiamc.org)
Here, we aim to develop a murine cell line capable of supporting replication of a group B oncolytic adenovirus, enadenotucirev (EnAd), for incorporation into a syngeneic immunocompetent animal model to explore the oncolytic vaccine potential of group B oncolytic viruses. (ox.ac.uk)
AADvac1 is a therapeutic vaccine candidate for Alzheimer's disease that targets misfolded tau protein. (precisionvaccinations.com)
ACI-35.030 is a first-in-class vaccine candidate designed to generate a specific antibody response against pTau proteins in the brain. (precisionvaccinations.com)
CanSinoBio Ad5-EBOV is an adenovirus type 5 recombinant vector-based Ebola virus disease vaccine that protects against Ebola virus disease. (precisionvaccinations.com)
Adacel vaccine contains noninfectious tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis proteins. (precisionvaccinations.com)
Altimmune Inc.'s AdCOVID COVID-19 vaccine candidate was based on an adenovirus-based intranasal vaccine platform and expresses the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. (precisionvaccinations.com)
Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine elicit immunity to adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7 which are most often associated with acute respiratory disease. (precisionvaccinations.com)
AG0301 COVID-19 Vaccine candidate is a plasmid DNA vaccine that disables the connection between the protein spikes of the coronavirus and receptors in human cells. (precisionvaccinations.com)
Ambirix vaccine contains inactivated (killed) hepatitis A virus and 'surface antigen' (proteins from the surface) parts of the hepatitis B virus as active substances. (precisionvaccinations.com)
The FDA has expanded its Emergency Use Authorization for the adjuvanted protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine manufactured by Novavax to include use of the vaccine as a two-dose primary series in adolescents. (medicalletter.org)
The FDA has issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for an adjuvanted protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine manufactured by Novavax. (medicalletter.org)
the mRNA vaccines manufactured by Pfizer/BioNTech (Comirnaty) and Moderna (Spikevax) are FDA-licensed for this indication, and the adenovirus-based vaccine manufactured by Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) is available under an EUA for use in adults who are unable or unwilling to receive another COVID-19 vaccine. (medicalletter.org)

The L3 protease cleaves viral precursor proteins pTP, pVI, pVII, pVIII, and IIIa to produce the mature viral proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Viral Protein-Based Inhibition of NKG2D Ligands A variety of viral proteins are capable of directly reducing the presence of NKG2D ligands within the cell surface through effects on their transportation, degradation inside the cells or distribution within the cell surface. (fishkillridge.org)
Several viral proteins are able to keep NKG2D ligands inside cells and prevent their surface expressions. (fishkillridge.org)
Finally, some viral proteins suppress NKG2D ligands via undefined mechanisms. (fishkillridge.org)
However, it is still unfamiliar whether these proteins are suppressed at the level of synthesis or are degraded after synthesis or what viral proteins are responsible for this inhibition. (fishkillridge.org)

Infection of 4T1 cells with a non-replicating adenovirus Ad(E1-).sTβRFc, or with two oncolytic adenoviruses Ad.sTβRFc and TAd.sTβRFc expressing sTGFβRIIFc produced sTGFβRIIFc protein. (uic.edu)
The focus of this thesis was to develop and characterize several genetically modified oncolytic adenoviruses expressing either OX40L alone or OX40L and CD40L, two co-stimulatory molecules capable of engaging both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system to fight the tumor. (helsinki.fi)
Replication-selective oncolytic adenoviruses represent a promising anticancer approach with proven efficacy in cancer cell lines and tumour xenografts in vivo. (qmul.ac.uk)

it is able to perform human post-translational modifications on secreted recombinant proteins. (synabs.be)

To develop a novel therapeutic strategy for human pancreatic cancer using a midkine promoter-based conditionally replicating adenovirus. (biomedcentral.com)
Replication of adenovirus type 5 containing the 0.6 kb midkne promoter (Ad5MK) was assessed by the detection of E1 protein in cancer cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Midkine promoter-based conditionally replicative adenovirus might be a promising new gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
METHODS An E1/E3 deleted recombinant adenovirus (denoted AdCMVβGal) and an adenovirus with modified fibre structure (denoted AdZ.F(pk7)) both expressing the bacterial lacZ gene under the control of a human cytomegalovirus promoter were used for reporter gene expression in vitro and in vivo. (bmj.com)
To construct an effective vector, the cDNA for human t-PA was inserted downstream of a cytomegalovirus early enhancer-promoter into the E1 position of a replication-deficient adenovirus. (wustl.edu)
We have studied the mechanism of poliovirus-induced inhibition of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription by using the adenovirus early region 3 (E3) promoter. (elsevier.com)
In vitro transcription from the E3 promoter was severely inhibited in extracts prepared from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells. (elsevier.com)
Four regions in the E3 promoter have been shown to serve as binding sites for cellular transcription factors. (elsevier.com)
Thus, we propose that poliovirus infection inhibits transcription from the E3 promoter, at least in part, through the dephosphorylation of CREB/ATF. (elsevier.com)
Ad4tk, a replication-deficient adenovirus expressing mutant HSV1-sr39tk and VEGF 121 independently, each under control of cytomegalovirus promoter and followed by SV40 polyadenylation signal, was constructed at Weill Medical College. (snmjournals.org)
Murine cells can be readily modified to express surface human CD46, one of the receptors for group B adenoviruses, allowing receptor-mediated uptake of EnAd particles into the murine cells and expression of CMV promoter-driven transgenes. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we encoded soluble Flt-1 (sFlt1) and soluble Dll4 (sDll4) under control of the E3 promoter. (ox.ac.uk)

The control proteins of the E4 transcription unit are involved in regulating transcription of viral DNA. (wikipedia.org)

Internalization of the catalytically active A subunit, delivered to the cytosol via retrograde transport, causes the shutdown of protein synthesis and leads to cell death (9, 10). (dactolisib.info)
The ability of Nef to target MHC-I from the TGN to lysosomes is dependent on expression of the μ1 subunit of adaptor protein (AP) AP-1A, a cellular protein complex implicated in TGN to endolysosomal pathways. (rupress.org)
Planar cell polarization requires Widerborst, a B ' regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. (mpg.de)

HEK293 cells and SW480 cells had been harvested in the 1640 moderate supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum Eslicarbazepine (FBS) (Biological Sectors, Israel,#64C001-1ACS) under atmospheric circumstances of 5% CO2 at 37?C. Recombinant adenovirus Recombinant adenovirus KGHV400 was built previously by us predicated on a wild-type adenovirus (Advertisement5). (ourworldisblue.com)

Both of these viruses have been engineered to stimulate an immune response against cancer cells that express a protein called MAGE-A3, but the Maraba virus also achieves an extra layer of anti-cancer activity by replicating inside many kinds of cancer cells and killing them directly. (ohri.ca)
Some viruses encode the Bcl2 homologues to counter the proapoptotic functions of the cellular and mitochondrial proteins. (hindawi.com)
Viruses like Herpes simplex virus 1 deplete the host mitochondrial DNA and some, like human immunodeficiency virus, hijack the host mitochondrial proteins to function fully inside the host cell. (hindawi.com)
This review will highlight the major vector platforms that are currently in development (including adenoviruses, reoviruses, vaccinia viruses, herpesviruses, and coxsackieviruses) and how they are combined with checkpoint inhibitors. (springeropen.com)
Interferons are proteins produced by leukocytes (white blood cells) and fibroblasts that interfere with the replication of fungi, viruses, bacteria and tumor cells while also stimulating the defense activities of other cells. (eurekalert.org)
And this thought obsesses him all day long in his laboratory: to leave its mark on adenovirus-type viruses' research. (synabs.be)
Adenoviruses (ADVs) are non-enveloped icosahedral DNA viruses ranging from 70-90nm in size that belong to the adenoviridae virus family. (thenativeantigencompany.com)
Isopropanol has been shown to be more bactericidal than ethanol for Escherichia coli and S. aureus but is not as effective against non-lipid-containing viruses such as rotavirus and adenovirus when compared to ethanol ( 10 ). (ijic.info)

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) contain linear, double-stranded DNA with an average genomic length of 35 kbp. (cdc.gov)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. "Protein Details for Human adenovirus E". NCBI. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we find that a single vaccination with a replication-defective human type 5 adenovirus encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Ad5-nCoV) protect mice completely against mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. (nature.com)
This is an Adenovirus expressing Human RPAP2. (vectorbiolabs.com)
Fats, proteins and carbohydrates are the main sources of energy in human nutrition. (glideruniversity.org)
Here, we elucidate a mechanism supporting the persistence of human adenovirus (AdV), a virus that can kill immunosuppressed patients. (glideruniversity.org)
We examined midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression by seven human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC-3, CFPAC-1, HPAC, MIAPaCa-2, PANC-1, and Suit-2), as well as by non-cancerous pancreatic tissue and pancreatic cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
HOXA3-His Adenovirus (Human) should be stored according to label on the vial. (hoxa3.com)
Before using HOXA3-His Adenovirus (Human) please read the package insert. (hoxa3.com)
The HOXA3-His Adenovirus (Human) could be additionally purified if wanted from the customer. (hoxa3.com)
Human proteins, cDNA and human recombinants are used in human reactive ELISA kits and to produce anti-human mono and polyclonal antibodies. (hoxa3.com)
Recombinant protein according to the external domain of human CD10. (anacrom.com)
2004. Cyclin/CDK regulates the nucleo-cytoplasmic localization of the human papillomavirus E1 DNA helicase. (uab.edu)
Sagara M, Sugiyama F, Horiguchi H. Activation of the nuclear oncogenes N-myc and c-jun in carcinoid tumors of transgenic mice carrying the human adenovirus type 12 E1 region gene. (medigraphic.com)
Surprisingly, the 243-amino-acid form of adenovirus-5 E1A was found subsequently to reverse-transform many human tumour cells. (semanticscholar.org)
P>background: human growth hormone (hgh) is the first recombinant protein approved for the treatment of human growth hormone deficiency. (megydavis.com)
Ubiquitin is a small protein of 76 amino acids that exists in most eukaryote cells with human and yeast versions 96% the same. (jonlieffmd.com)
Expression of human CD46 and trans-complementation by murine adenovirus 1 fails to allow productive infection by a group B oncolytic adenovirus in murine cancer cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Although the early E1A mRNA was expressed in murine cells at levels similar to human cells, adenovirus E2B and Fibre mRNA expression levels were hampered and few virus genomes were produced. (ox.ac.uk)
There is now a significant amount of research in the adenovirus space for a broad spectrum of human diseases. (thenativeantigencompany.com)
We are a global provider of human and animal biospecimens: including frozen & FFPE tissue, DNA, RNA, total proteins, blood products and primary cells. (amsbio.com)

2006). The amastigote surface protein (ASP)-2, important for the establishment of chronic infection (Boscardin et al. (fiocruz.br)
In addition, the present invention also provides a novel coronavirus detection kit prepared by using the antibody, capable of detecting the nucleocapsid protein in the early stage of infection, thereby providing a means to make the clinical detection of a novel coronavirus fast and precise. (oepm.es)
Unlike previous reports on group C adenoviruses, trans-complementation of group B adenoviruses by co-infection with mouse adenovirus 1 did not rescue replication. (ox.ac.uk)
Active NLRPs and ALRs trigger multiple innate immune effector pathways, but by far the best established function of these PYD-containing proteins is the assembly of inflammasomes, which are large multiprotein platforms that form in response to infection and tissue damage and are responsible for the activation of inflammatory caspases, in particular caspase-1 ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
These reports suggest that other cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1, IL-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), may also participate in host resistance during infection. (bibr-1048.info)

The prospects of using recombinant adenoviruses for gene delivery into epithelial and subepithelial cells of the normal and inflamed colon are here analysed. (bmj.com)
Type 5 of Adenovirus infects mainly epithelial cells and causes a mild pathology with flulike symptoms and is mainly used to study the molecular biology of adenoviruses. (semanticscholar.org)

Classical cadherins are single-pass transmembrane proteins with an extracellular domain that mediates calcium-dependent homotypic interactions. (biorxiv.org)

1. Silvestre A, Pedro S, Freire M, Gomes A, Almeida A, Oliveira H, Barros C (2020) Processo de preparação de formulações à base de solventes eutécticos profundos e de princípios ativos e utilização destas formulações para melhoria da ação terapêutica de fármacos. (ua.pt)

Vassal-Stermann E, Effantin G, Zubieta C, Burmeister W, Iseni F, Wang H, Lieber A, Schoehn G, Fender P. CryoEM structure of adenovirus type 3 fibre with desmoglein 2 shows an unusual mode of receptor engagement. (ibs.fr)
2004), and TS, an enzyme of the trypomastigote forms that catalyzes the transfer of acid sialic acid from host glycoproteins to receptor molecules on the parasite's membrane (Schenkman et al 1994), belong to the same gene family and have been described as immunodominant proteins (Low et al. (fiocruz.br)
In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to antibodies disclosed herein and specific binding fragments thereof wherein the antibody or fragment specifically binds to an epitope expressed on a SARS-CoV-2 particle such as the spike protein or receptor binding domain. (oepm.es)
Biochemical methods included analysis of mitochondrial function and mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as mRNA and protein expression of mitochondrial biogenesis signaling molecules, including silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). (thno.org)
Kita-Furuyama M, Nagayama Y, Pichurin P, McLachlan SM, Rapoport B, Eguchi K. Dendritic cells infected with adenovirus expressing the thyrotrophin receptor induce Graves' hyperthyroidism in BALB/c mice. (bdbiosciences.com)
An substantial CBFB - NCOR endogenous protein, SHARP, may so remove to the CSL receptor-alpha domain in some forms( Oswald, 2002). (exklusive-duefte.eu)
After being delivered into cells, the antibody is launched and varieties advanced with its goal protein, and subsequently binds to the Fc receptor of TRIM21 . (ncbcs.org)
Lastly, formation, as a telencephalon of its weight Bradykinin in inducing information homocysteine single chemical invention, helps characteristic in protein infarction, in 31-MAR-1997, receptor. (seabaygame.com)
This entry represents a subtype of the immunoglobulin domain, and is found in a diverse range of protein families that includes glycoproteins, fibroblast growth factor receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, interleukin-6 receptor, and neural cell adhesion molecules. (embl.de)

E3 ubiquitin ligase Mindbomb 1 facilitates nuclear delivery of adenovirus genomes. (nih.gov)
Open reading frames (ORFs) in the right ends of the genomes of 2 macaque adenovirus isolates identified in study of prevalence of adenoviruses in fecal samples from rhesus macaques, United States. (cdc.gov)

From the information contained in the mRNA, the coronavirus spike protein is made, which provokes a specific humoral and cellular immune response that is most accurately measured by a neutralizing antibody assay. (fiamc.org)
The resulted advanced of goal protein/ antibody / TRIM21 is then degraded by the proteasome. (ncbcs.org)
Profit from its comfort and focused supply advantage, Nano-ERASER approach is promising in offering a dependable software for endogenous protein perform research in addition to paves the way in which for novel antibody -based Trim-Away therapeutic modalities for most cancers and different ailments. (ncbcs.org)
Li L, Deng C, Chen S, Zhang S, Wu Z , Hu C, Zhang F, Li Y . Meta-Analysis: Diagnostic Accuracy of Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibody for Rheumatoid Arthritis. (academictree.org)

The most important of them are the porins, which freely allow the transport (export and import) of the molecules (proteins, ions, nutrients, and ATP) less than 10 kDa across the membranes. (hindawi.com)
SUMO influences cellular activity, the use of cellular compartments, localization of processes, the stability of proteins and the molecules they are interacting with. (jonlieffmd.com)
Adenoviruses can be genetically modified to increase their infectivity or improve the anti-cancer immune responses induced by the virus, e.g., through the expression of immunostimulatory molecules. (helsinki.fi)
Ig molecules are highly modular proteins, in which the variable and constant domains have clear, conserved sequence patterns. (embl.de)
The role of the VE is governed by the presence of many membrane-bound receptors for molecules such as proteins, lipid transporting particles hormones, and metabolites [ 8 , 9 ] . (vpjournal.net)

1-4 Data derived from these models clearly show that dysregulated overexpression-for example, interleukin-7 5 -or lack-for example, interleukin-2, interleukin-10 6 , 7 -of several key regulatory proteins causes disruption of the intestinal immune balance and severe colonic pathology in vivo. (bmj.com)
Stage-associated overexpression of the ubiquitin-like protein, ISG15, in bladder cancer. (nature.com)
Although not as well-established and in many cases derived from overexpression studies, these proteins have also been linked to transcriptional responses, through activation of NF-κB, IRFs, and MAPKs to regulate pro-inflammatory and anti-microbial gene expression, autophagy, and to affect adaptive immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
Further study confirmed a recombinant adenovirus having the gene for anti-p21Ras scFv could penetrate tumor cells, express anti-p21Rseeing that scFv and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells with p21Rseeing that overexpression intracellularly. (ourworldisblue.com)

The L1-L5 transcription units are transcribed later in the viral reproductive cycle, and code mostly for proteins that make up components of the viral capsid or are involved in assembly of the capsid. (wikipedia.org)
The capsid protein VP60 of the RHDV represents the most important antigenic protein. (vitechnologies.com)
Cap gene encodes 3 capsid proteins: VP1, VP2 and VP3 in a ratio of 10:1:1. (sirion-biotech.com)

Both midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression were strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cell liens, moderate in BxPC-3, HPAC, and Suit-2 cell lines, and weak in PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Two months later, expression of protein from the vector was still evident and little inflammation was seen. (ox.ac.uk)
This caused local demyelination and a decrease in detectable protein expression from the vector. (ox.ac.uk)
that each one the three co-expression proteins had immunoreactivity and antigenicity. (vitechnologies.com)
A previous study by the authors demonstrated that the cardiac expression levels of autophagy proteins, including microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3), Beclin-1 and autophagy-related 7 (Atg7), were decreased, whereas the expression of p62 was increased in a diabetic mouse model ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
By pharmaceutically restoring the expression of these proteins, cardiac function improved in these mice, further indicating that autophagy is involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, the Kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ubiquitin E3 ligase K5 ubiquitinates MICA, MICB and the NKp80 ligand activation-induced C-type lectin (AICL), which induces their proteasomal degradation and reduces their Tnf surface expression, eventually enabling the disease to escape from damage by NK cells [26]. (fishkillridge.org)
CONCLUSIONS Local administration of recombinant adenoviruses with normal or modified fibre structure could provide a new reliable method for targeted gene expression in the inflamed colon. (bmj.com)
Downmodulation of E1A protein expression as a novel strategy to design cancer-selective adenoviruses. (semanticscholar.org)
Expression of heterologous proteins flanked by NS3-4A cleavage sites within the hepatitis C virus polyprotein. (harvard.edu)
We show that oncogenic Ki-Ras regulates the expression of the ISG15 pathway (free ISG15 and ISG15 conjugates), and ISG15, in turn, stabilizes Ki-Ras protein by inhibiting its targeted degradation via lysosomes in breast cancer cells. (nature.com)
Induced expression of the endogenous beta interferon gene in adenovirus type 5-transformed rat fibroblasts. (nature.com)
The expression of hgh in escherichia coli using recombinant dna technology6 provides an inexhaustible source of a single eukaryotic protein. (megydavis.com)
the HSV1-sr39tk expression cassette was 5′ to the VEGF expression cassette, replacing the E1 region. (snmjournals.org)
This work was created by using a single x, sirna rescue experiment protocol for protein expression is measured relative to. (sohbetodalari.online)
Constitutive expression of the AR corepressor, Hey1, from a nonreplicating adenovirus, sensitises prostate cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents through multiple pathways. (qmul.ac.uk)
Furthermore, phosphorylation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (Ser2448) was slightly decreased in HSC‑3 shDKK3 cells, which may be due to the increased expression of DEP domain‑containing mTOR‑interacting protein. (spandidos-publications.com)

All these processes involve the participation of cellular proteins, mitochondrial proteins, and virus specific proteins. (hindawi.com)
Optineurin may also function in cellular morphogenesis and membrane trafficking, vesicle trafficking, and transcription activation through its interactions with the RAB8, huntingtin, and transcription factor IIIA proteins. (utsouthwestern.edu)
The protooncogene-derived protein, PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN P21(RAS), plays a role in normal cellular growth, differentiation and development. (lookformedical.com)
The oncogene-derived protein (ONCOGENE PROTEIN P21(RAS)) can play a role in aberrant cellular regulation during neoplastic cell transformation (CELL TRANSFORMATION, NEOPLASTIC). (lookformedical.com)
What is known of the ways E1A interferes with growth regulation by these and other cellular proteins, such as cyclins and transcription factors, so as to bring about oncogenic transformation is described. (semanticscholar.org)
1985kinesin impaired the transport of membrane proteins to their appropriate cellular locations (Saxton et al. (biotech2012.org)
CREB (cAMP responsive element binding protein) binding protein (CBP) and adenovirus E1A-associated 300 kDa protein (p300) are histone acetyltransferases, which are necessary for multiple cellular processes. (edpsciences.org)

This gene encodes a protein containing multiple ankyrin repeats and RING finger domains that functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. (nih.gov)
This gene encodes the coiled-coil containing protein optineurin. (utsouthwestern.edu)

Ubiquitin is best known for its role in redirecting the proteins towards degradation via proteasomal or lysosomal pathways by binding to the target protein in a polymer fashion (also known as poly-ubiquitin tags), but it is also involved in regulating nuclear localization and DNA repair pathways [ 65 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
referred to as Vif, which recruits A3 proteins to Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases equivalent to Cul5 for ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. (vitechnologies.com)
Lately found "Trim-Away" mechanism opens a brand new window for quick and selective degradation of endogenous proteins. (ncbcs.org)

It is concluded that the level of E1A protein is a critical determinant of oncolytic phenotype and a completely novel strategy for the design and construction of conditionally replicative adenoviruses is proposed. (semanticscholar.org)

Tropism ablation and stealthing of oncolytic adenovirus enhances systemic delivery to tumors and improves virotherapy of cancer. (ox.ac.uk)

Proposed mechanism for thrombotic thrombocytopenia induced by adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines. (mpg.de)

Likewise, immunosuppression through the preliminary publicity with anti-CD40L antibodies (which stop T-cell activation of B cells) or CTLA4Ig (which inhibits T-cell activation by interfering with Compact disc28-B7 connections) facilitated transgene appearance in mouse lung (6) and in addition allowed readministration of adenovirus towards the mouse liver organ (10). (cisplatin.info)

Development of polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic tests for detection of Malsoor virus & adenovirus isolated from Rousettus species of bats in Maharashtra, India. (harvard.edu)
Western blot detection of immunoprecipitated proteins (IP) can be challenging due to the release of antibodies/lgGs from beads during the IP procedure, which then become denatured and detected by conventional heavy and light chain secondary antibodies. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
tubulin, proximity ligation assay (PLA), which enables detection of protein modification (Soderberg et al. (colinsbraincancer.com)

Nb.F3 fused to the catalytic HECT domain of Nedd4L (Ca V -aβlator), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, ablated currents from diverse HVACCs reconstituted in HEK293 cells, and from endogenous Ca V 1/Ca V 2 channels in mammalian cardiomyocytes, dorsal root ganglion neurons, and pancreatic β cells. (elifesciences.org)
The expressed protein localized to the bronchiolar epithelium and peribronchiolar alveolar cells and did not result in increases in total lung protein or alveolar cell counts at 3 d after instillation. (wustl.edu)
The adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) proteins were described originally as immortalizing oncoproteins that altered transcription in rodent cells. (semanticscholar.org)
Adenovirus E1A proteins are closely associated with chromatin in productively infected and transformed cells. (semanticscholar.org)
Unbiased Screens Show CD8+ T Cells of COVID-19 Patients Recognize Shared Epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 that Largely Reside outside the Spike Protein. (harvard.edu)
Because of this, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can acknowledge Advertisement protein in transduced cells and remove these cells within 2-3 weeks after vector administration [12], [13]. (thetechnoant.info)
Both the cell and the virus produce many similar proteins and the ubiquitin and SUMO systems are the first line of attack between intelligent microbe invaders and the intelligent responses of the cells. (jonlieffmd.com)
Gel retardation assays, however, did reveal significant qualitative differences in the DNA-protein complexes formed with a CREB/ATF-binding site in extracts prepared from poliovirus-infected cells as compared to mock-infected cell extracts. (elsevier.com)
No significant uptake was observed in cells infected with adenovirus expressing VEGF alone. (snmjournals.org)
Graham achieved to transfect HK cells (subline of the ubiquitous keratin-forming tumor cell line HeLa) with adenovirus type 5 DNA, thanks to the forming of a calcium phosphate-DNA precipitate, a technique still in use today in many viral vector companies. (synabs.be)
Galvanized by his success with HK cells, Frank is confident that he will succeed in transfecting HEK cells with type 5 adenoviruses. (synabs.be)
CONCLUSION: Together, these results indicate that there may be major differences in the early stages of replication of group C and B adenoviruses in murine cells, and that the block to the life cycle of B adenoviruses in murine cells occurs in the early stage of virus replication, perhaps reflecting poor activity of Ad11p E1A in murine cells. (ox.ac.uk)
A thick suspension into liquid as small particles because they lack: I. adenoviruses a. t cells ii, also inhibit the mammalian nephron to water. (themauimiracle.org)
Moreover, Nano-ERASER efficiently degrades COPZ1, an important protein for most cancers cells, and kills these cells whereas sparing regular cells. (ncbcs.org)
Recently, protection in macaques mediated by adenovirus vectored GP was attributed to CD8+ T-cells by depletion prior to challenge [10]. (pimpathway.com)
In transfection experiments with mammalian cells aiming to overexpress a selected protein, it's usually essential to appropriately quantify the extent of the recombinant and the corresponding endogenous mRNA. (biomonitoring2.org)
Conclusions Our research provides a book strategy for the treating colorectal cancers by merging CIK cells using the recombinant adenovirus KGHV500 which transported anti-p21 Ras scFv. (ourworldisblue.com)
To boost the basic safety of systemic anti-p21Ras scFv delivery for therapy lately and metastatic stage malignancies, in this scholarly study, we utilized CIK cells as another vector to transport the recombinant adenovirus KGHV500 that harbored the anti-p21Ras scFv gene to tumor foci, and investigated its anti-colorectal cancers results then. (ourworldisblue.com)
CREB (cAMP responsive element binding protein) binding protein (CBP) and p300 are lysine acetyl transferases that play a key role as transcriptional coactivators in cells [ 1 - 6 ]. (edpsciences.org)

We have examined the effect of adenoviruses expressing soluble transforming growth factor receptorII-Fc (sTGFβRIIFc) in 4T1 mouse mammary tumor bone metastasis model in syngeneic BALB/c mice. (uic.edu)
A local route of adenovirus administration in mice with experimental colitis induced by the hapten reagent trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid was next evaluated. (bmj.com)

The present invention provides the beta-lactoglobulin protein and beta-lactoglobulin derived bioactive peptides from the whey fraction of goat milk and antiviral uses thereof, is preventive from infectious diseases and have effects of disease prevention and immune system by affecting on the entry gates of other types of coronaviruses [SARS CoV 2 besides SARS CoV and MERS]. (oepm.es)

Am J Infect Control 2016;44:e1-e6. (reynardhealth.com)

Control protein E3 14.7K protects the virus from host antiviral responses. (wikipedia.org)

Small Ubiquitin like Modifier (SUMO) proteins have been recognized as one of the key PTMs modulating the function and half-life of many proteins, thereby serving as master switches in multiple molecular signalling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
With the evolution of methods and techniques that allowed more refined biochemical and molecular studies, it became possible to select proteins from parasite fractions, as well as immunogenic epitopes contained in a given protein and test their ability to generate an immune response and protection to the challenge with T. cruzi . (fiocruz.br)
Some molecular candidates have excelled in inducing a protective immune response, such as cruzipain proteins, present in amastigote and trypomastigote forms, surface proteins of trypomastigote forms of the trans-sialidase (TS) family, paraflagellar rod protein, among others (Cazorla et al. (fiocruz.br)
Molecular characterization of calymmin, a novel notochord sheath-associated extracellular matrix protein in the zebrafish embryo. (mpg.de)

Adenovirus expressing only wild-type HSV1-tk ( 6 ), mutant HSV1-sr39tk (kindly provided by Sanjiv S. Gambhir, UCLA) ( 1 ), or VEGF ( 7 ) were used as controls. (snmjournals.org)
This is a particular challenge for group B adenoviruses, which fail to infect even those immunocompetent animal model systems identified as semi-permissive for type 5 adenovirus. (ox.ac.uk)
Lately, anti-p21Ras scFv was made by all of us that could react with mutant p21Ras and wild-type p21Ras proteins [10]. (ourworldisblue.com)

Cul5, completely different determinants in MVV Vif are required for cofactor binding and stabilization of the E3 ligase advanced, such because the zinc-binding motif and N- and C-terminal areas of the protein. (vitechnologies.com)
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Mule acts through the ATM-p53 axis to maintain B lymphocyte homeostasis. (bdbiosciences.com)

Intratumoral injection from the recombinant adenovirus demonstrated intracellular appearance of anti-p21Ras scFv and apparent inhibition of transplanted tumor development. (ourworldisblue.com)

In particular, adenoviruses with modified fibre structure may be useful in T cell directed therapies in intestinal inflammation. (bmj.com)

Role of BIM in the generation of antigen-specific CD8 + T lymphocytes in response to vaccination with recombinant adenovirus. (usp.br)
Antigen design was guided by prior knowledge 9 , and the full spike (S) protein was selected as the immunogen based on the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain (YP_009724390). (nature.com)

CRISPR/adenovirus vector transfection was used to silence Mst1 in these models. (spandidos-publications.com)

With this comprehensive service portfolio you gain access to all major gene delivery systems ( Adeno-associated , Lentivirus and Adenovirus ), offering suitable methods for close to any application, whether for in vitro or in vivo purposes. (sirion-biotech.com)
Synthesis and structure of a new trinuclear nickel(II) complex bridged by N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N'-(2-hydroxyphenyl)oxamido: in vitro anticancer activities, and reactivities toward DNA and protein. (academictree.org)
For gene therapy, the SSAT gene E2F-1 and [11] gene [12] carried by adenovirus exhibit significant antitumor activity against CRC in vitro. (ourworldisblue.com)

Characterization of the murine cytomegalovirus early transcription unit e1 that is induced by immediate-early proteins. (kumamoto-u.ac.jp)

Proteins destined to mitochondria have either internally localized [ 28 ] or amino terminal localized [ 21 ] presequences known as mitochondria/matrix localization signals (MLS), which can be 10-80 amino acid long with predominantly positively charged amino acids. (hindawi.com)
Two amino acids in this protein are further modified (i.e., two nucleotides on the mRNA are modified), causing a conformational protein adjustment that induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies. (fiamc.org)
CBP and p300 are large proteins with ∼2400 amino acids and share ~75% sequence similarity ( Figure 1 ) [ 11 , 17 , 18 ]. (edpsciences.org)

Membrane glycoprotein E3 gp19K inhibits the insertion of class I MHC proteins in the host-cell membrane, thereby preventing T-cell lymphocytes from recognizing that the host cell has been infected by a virus. (wikipedia.org)
Sumarheni S, Gallet B, Fender P. The Use of Adenovirus Dodecahedron in the Delivery of an Enzymatic Activity in the Cell. (ibs.fr)
Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. (lookformedical.com)
The ubiquitin and SUMO systems, which tag and modulate proteins is a major target of both cell defenses and microbe attacks. (jonlieffmd.com)
Ubiquitin tags direct the protein to where and how it will operate in the cell. (jonlieffmd.com)
for the vast amount of different protein functions in the cell. (jonlieffmd.com)
Radioimmunoprecipitation reactions performed with antiserum against CREB/ATF revealed a severe reduction in a phosphorylated form of the protein present in poliovirus-infected cell extracts. (elsevier.com)
They incubated a HeLa cell nuclear extract for 30 min with an adenovirus major late splicing substrate that was labeled with biotin so it could be easily purified later. (forextrading-madeeasy.com)
Lipid rafts in protein sorting and cell polarity in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (mpg.de)
The endocytic protein alpha-adaptin is required for numb-mediated asymmetric cell division in Drosophila. (mpg.de)
Azulitox - A Pseudomonas aeruginosa P28-Derived Cancer-Cell-Specific Protein Photosensitizer. (mpg.de)
The efficacy of Nano-ERASER has been validated by depleting GFP protein in a GFP expressing cell line. (ncbcs.org)
Alcohol works by denaturing protein and rendering cell membranes permeable. (ijic.info)

Anatomy16

Organisms29

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs89

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes67

Information Science3

Development of porcine adenovirus-3 as an expression vector. (1/171)

Transcription mapping and characterization of 284R and 121R proteins produced from early region 3 of bovine adenovirus type 3. (2/171)

Novel role for E4 region genes in protection of adenovirus vectors from lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (3/171)

Cutting edge: adenovirus E19 has two mechanisms for affecting class I MHC expression. (4/171)

Mucosal immunization of calves with recombinant bovine adenovirus-3: induction of protective immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1. (5/171)

Generation of an adenovirus vector lacking E1, e2a, E3, and all of E4 except open reading frame 3. (6/171)

Novel expression of mouse adenovirus type 1 early region 3 gp11K at late times after infection. (7/171)

Reduced toxicity, attenuated immunogenicity and efficient mediation of human p53 gene expression in vivo by an adenovirus vector with deleted E1-E3 and inactivated E4 by GAL4-TATA promoter replacement. (8/171)

Adenovirus E1A Proteins

Adenoviruses, Human

Adenovirus E4 Proteins

Adenovirus E1B Proteins

Adenovirus Early Proteins

Adenovirus E3 Proteins

Adenoviridae

Adenovirus Infections, Human

Adenovirus E2 Proteins

Adenoviridae Infections

Adenovirus E1 Proteins

Oncogene Proteins, Viral

Genetic Vectors

HeLa Cells

Cell Line

Mastadenovirus

Adenoviruses, Canine

Molecular Sequence Data

Transcription, Genetic

Genes, Viral

DNA, Viral

Cell Transformation, Viral

E1A-Associated p300 Protein

Promoter Regions, Genetic

Transcription Factors

Base Sequence

DNA-Binding Proteins

Transfection

Gene Expression Regulation, Viral

Retinoblastoma Protein

Antigens, Viral, Tumor

Virus Replication

Transcription Factor DP1

Adenoviruses, Porcine

Viral Proteins

Aviadenovirus

Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1

Genetic Therapy

Nuclear Proteins

E2F Transcription Factors

Fowl adenovirus A

Gene Transfer Techniques

Transcriptional Activation

Amino Acid Sequence

Mutation

Capsid Proteins

Plasmids

Gene Expression Regulation

Trans-Activators

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Protein Binding

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Simian virus 40

Binding Sites

Cell Line, Transformed

Receptors, Virus

Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Oncolytic Virotherapy

Activating Transcription Factors

RNA, Messenger

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Oncolytic Viruses

Keratoconjunctivitis

Transduction, Genetic

Cell Nucleus

Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p107

CREB-Binding Protein

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic

Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase

Cells, Cultured

Apoptosis

DNA Replication

Papillomavirus E7 Proteins

Gene Expression

E2F1 Transcription Factor

Repressor Proteins

RNA, Viral

Oncogenes

KB Cells

Conjunctivitis, Viral