Adenovirus e3 proteins. Medical search

Proteins transcribed from the E1A genome region of ADENOVIRUSES which are involved in positive regulation of transcription of the early genes of host infection.

Species of the genus MASTADENOVIRUS, causing a wide range of diseases in humans. Infections are mostly asymptomatic, but can be associated with diseases of the respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal systems. Serotypes (named with Arabic numbers) have been grouped into species designated Human adenovirus A-F.

Proteins transcribed from the E4 region of ADENOVIRUSES. The E4 19K protein transactivates transcription of the adenovirus E2F protein and complexes with it.

Proteins transcribed from the E1B region of ADENOVIRUSES which are involved in regulation of the levels of early and late viral gene expression.

Proteins encoded by adenoviruses that are synthesized prior to, and in the absence of, viral DNA replication. The proteins are involved in both positive and negative regulation of expression in viral and cellular genes, and also affect the stability of viral mRNA. Some are also involved in oncogenic transformation.

Proteins transcribed from the E3 region of ADENOVIRUSES but not essential for viral replication. The E3 19K protein mediates adenovirus persistence by reducing the expression of class I major histocompatibility complex antigens on the surface of infected cells.

A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (MASTADENOVIRUS) and birds (AVIADENOVIRUS) or both (ATADENOVIRUS). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases.

Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses.

Proteins transcribed from the E2 region of ADENOVIRUSES. Several of these are required for viral DNA replication.

Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.

The very first viral gene products synthesized after cells are infected with adenovirus. The E1 region of the genome has been divided into two major transcriptional units, E1A and E1B, each expressing proteins of the same name (ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS and ADENOVIRUS E1B PROTEINS).

Products of viral oncogenes, most commonly retroviral oncogenes. They usually have transforming and often protein kinase activities.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A genus of ADENOVIRIDAE that infects MAMMALS including humans and causes a wide range of diseases. The type species is Human adenovirus C (see ADENOVIRUSES, HUMAN).

Species of the genus MASTADENOVIRUS that causes fever, edema, vomiting, and diarrhea in dogs and encephalitis in foxes. Epizootics have also been caused in bears, wolves, coyotes, and skunks. The official species name is Canine adenovirus and it contains two serotypes.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.

A member of the p300-CBP transcription factors that was originally identified as a binding partner for ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses.

Product of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene. It is a nuclear phosphoprotein hypothesized to normally act as an inhibitor of cell proliferation. Rb protein is absent in retinoblastoma cell lines. It also has been shown to form complexes with the adenovirus E1A protein, the SV40 T antigen, and the human papilloma virus E7 protein.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.

A transcription factor that possesses DNA-binding and E2F-binding domains but lacks a transcriptional activation domain. It is a binding partner for E2F TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and enhances the DNA binding and transactivation function of the DP-E2F complex.

Species of the genus MASTADENOVIRUS, causing neurological disease in pigs.

Proteins found in any species of virus.

A genus of ADENOVIRIDAE that infects birds. The type species is FOWL ADENOVIRUS A.

A ubiquitously expressed regulatory protein that contains a retinoblastoma protein binding domain and an AT-rich interactive domain. The protein may play a role in recruiting HISTONE DEACETYLASES to the site of RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN-containing transcriptional repressor complexes.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

A family of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that control expression of a variety of GENES involved in CELL CYCLE regulation. E2F transcription factors typically form heterodimeric complexes with TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DP1 or transcription factor DP2, and they have N-terminal DNA binding and dimerization domains. E2F transcription factors can act as mediators of transcriptional repression or transcriptional activation.

The type species of the genus AVIADENOVIRUS, family ADENOVIRIDAE, an oncogenic virus of birds. This is also called CELO virus for chick embryo lethal orphan virus.

The introduction of functional (usually cloned) GENES into cells. A variety of techniques and naturally occurring processes are used for the gene transfer such as cell hybridization, LIPOSOMES or microcell-mediated gene transfer, ELECTROPORATION, chromosome-mediated gene transfer, TRANSFECTION, and GENETIC TRANSDUCTION. Gene transfer may result in genetically transformed cells and individual organisms.

Processes that stimulate the GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of a gene or set of genes.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Proteins that form the CAPSID of VIRUSES.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Eukaryotic cell line obtained in a quiescent or stationary phase which undergoes conversion to a state of unregulated growth in culture, resembling an in vitro tumor. It occurs spontaneously or through interaction with viruses, oncogenes, radiation, or drugs/chemicals.

Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response.

Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in LEUKEMIA; OSTEOSARCOMA; LUNG CANCER; and COLORECTAL CANCER.

Use of attenuated VIRUSES as ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to selectively kill CANCER cells.

Activating transcription factors were originally identified as DNA-BINDING PROTEINS that interact with early promoters from ADENOVIRUSES. They are a family of basic leucine zipper transcription factors that bind to the consensus site TGACGTCA of the cyclic AMP response element, and are closely related to CYCLIC AMP-RESPONSIVE DNA-BINDING PROTEIN.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

Tumor-selective, replication competent VIRUSES that have antineoplastic effects. This is achieved by producing cytotoxicity-enhancing proteins and/or eliciting an antitumor immune response. They are genetically engineered so that they can replicate in CANCER cells but not in normal cells, and are used in ONCOLYTIC VIROTHERAPY.

Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A negative regulator of the CELL CYCLE that undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. It contains a conserved pocket region that binds E2F4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR and interacts with viral ONCOPROTEINS such as POLYOMAVIRUS TUMOR ANTIGENS; ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS; and PAPILLOMAVIRUS E7 PROTEINS.

A member of the p300-CBP transcription factor family that was initially identified as a binding partner for CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN. Mutations in CREB-binding protein are associated with RUBINSTEIN-TAYBI SYNDROME.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

An enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of chloramphenicol to yield chloramphenicol 3-acetate. Since chloramphenicol 3-acetate does not bind to bacterial ribosomes and is not an inhibitor of peptidyltransferase, the enzyme is responsible for the naturally occurring chloramphenicol resistance in bacteria. The enzyme, for which variants are known, is found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. EC 2.3.1.28.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.

ONCOGENE PROTEINS from papillomavirus that deregulate the CELL CYCLE of infected cells and lead to NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. Papillomavirus E7 proteins have been shown to interact with various regulators of the cell cycle including RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and certain cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

An E2F transcription factor that interacts directly with RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and CYCLIN A and activates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION required for CELL CYCLE entry and DNA synthesis. E2F1 is involved in DNA REPAIR and APOPTOSIS.

Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.

Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

Genes whose gain-of-function alterations lead to NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. They include, for example, genes for activators or stimulators of CELL PROLIFERATION such as growth factors, growth factor receptors, protein kinases, signal transducers, nuclear phosphoproteins, and transcription factors. A prefix of "v-" before oncogene symbols indicates oncogenes captured and transmitted by RETROVIRUSES; the prefix "c-" before the gene symbol of an oncogene indicates it is the cellular homolog (PROTO-ONCOGENES) of a v-oncogene.

This line KB is now known to be a subline of the ubiquitous KERATIN-forming tumor cell line HeLa. It was originally thought to be derived from an epidermal carcinoma of the mouth, but was subsequently found, based on isoenzyme analysis, HeLa marker chromosomes, and DNA fingerprinting, to have been established via contamination by HELA CELLS. The cells are positive for keratin by immunoperoxidase staining. KB cells have been reported to contain human papillomavirus18 (HPV-18) sequences.

Inflammation, often mild, of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of viral agents. Conjunctival involvement may be part of a systemic infection.

Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.

Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. Enhancers can usually function in either orientation and at various distances from a promoter.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Vaccines used to prevent infection by any virus from the family ADENOVIRIDAE.

A conserved A-T rich sequence which is contained in promoters for RNA polymerase II. The segment is seven base pairs long and the nucleotides most commonly found are TATAAAA.

A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).

A genus of the family PARVOVIRIDAE, subfamily PARVOVIRINAE, which are dependent on a coinfection with helper adenoviruses or herpesviruses for their efficient replication. The type species is Adeno-associated virus 2.

The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

A phosphoprotein phosphatase subtype that is comprised of a catalytic subunit and two different regulatory subunits. At least two genes encode isoforms of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit, while several isoforms of regulatory subunits exist due to the presence of multiple genes and the alternative splicing of their mRNAs. Protein phosphatase 2 acts on a broad variety of cellular proteins and may play a role as a regulator of intracellular signaling processes.

Enzymes catalyzing the transfer of an acetyl group, usually from acetyl coenzyme A, to another compound. EC 2.3.1.

Genes that are introduced into an organism using GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A general transcription factor that plays a major role in the activation of eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA POLYMERASES. It binds specifically to the TATA BOX promoter element, which lies close to the position of transcription initiation in RNA transcribed by RNA POLYMERASE II. Although considered a principal component of TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TFIID it also takes part in general transcription factor complexes involved in RNA POLYMERASE I and RNA POLYMERASE III transcription.

Biologically active DNA which has been formed by the in vitro joining of segments of DNA from different sources. It includes the recombination joint or edge of a heteroduplex region where two recombining DNA molecules are connected.

The major sequence-specific DNA-binding component involved in the activation of transcription of RNA POLYMERASE II. It was originally described as a complex of TATA-BOX BINDING PROTEIN and TATA-BINDING PROTEIN ASSOCIATED FACTORS. It is now know that TATA BOX BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE PROTEINS may take the place of TATA-box binding protein in the complex.

Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.

Viruses which enable defective viruses to replicate or to form a protein coat by complementing the missing gene function of the defective (satellite) virus. Helper and satellite may be of the same or different genus.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Tumor suppressor genes located on human chromosome 13 in the region 13q14 and coding for a family of phosphoproteins with molecular weights ranging from 104 kDa to 115 kDa. One copy of the wild-type Rb gene is necessary for normal retinal development. Loss or inactivation of both alleles at this locus results in retinoblastoma.

Head to tail array of covalently joined DNA sequences generated by concatenation. Concatenated DNA is attached end to end in contrast to CATENATED DNA which is attached loop to loop.

Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. Some are host-dependent defectives, meaning they can replicate only in cell systems which provide the particular genetic function which they lack. Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

DNA viruses producing malignant tumors. Of the six major groupings of DNA viruses four contain members which are actually or potentially oncogenic: the Adenoviridae, the Herpesviridae, the Papovaviridae, and the Poxviridae.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

Genes whose expression is easily detectable and therefore used to study promoter activity at many positions in a target genome. In recombinant DNA technology, these genes may be attached to a promoter region of interest.

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.

Cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (T) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (J Cell Biol 17:299-313, 1963). Lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. Tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. The 3T3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3T3 cells possess a high sensitivity to CONTACT INHIBITION.

A negative regulator of the CELL CYCLE that undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. RBL2 contains a conserved pocket region that binds E2F4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR and E2F5 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR. RBL2 also interacts with viral ONCOPROTEINS such as POLYOMAVIRUS TUMOR ANTIGENS; ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS; and PAPILLOMAVIRUS E7 PROTEINS.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".

Structures that are part of or contained in the CELL NUCLEUS.

A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E1A-ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN. They function as transcriptional coactivators by bridging between DNA-binding TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and the basal transcription machinery. They also modify transcription factors and CHROMATIN through ACETYLATION.

A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).

An E2F transcription factor that interacts directly with RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN and CYCLIN A. E2F2 activates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION required for CELL CYCLE entry and DNA synthesis.

A large family of regulatory proteins that function as accessory subunits to a variety of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. They generally function as ENZYME ACTIVATORS that drive the CELL CYCLE through transitions between phases. A subset of cyclins may also function as transcriptional regulators.

Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-jun genes (GENES, JUN). They are involved in growth-related transcriptional control. There appear to be three distinct functions: dimerization (with c-fos), DNA-binding, and transcriptional activation. Oncogenic transformation can take place by constitutive expression of c-jun.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

A genus of ADENOVIRIDAE that comprises viruses of several species of MAMMALS and BIRDS. The type species is Ovine adenovirus D.

Synthetic or natural oligonucleotides used in hybridization studies in order to identify and study specific nucleic acid fragments, e.g., DNA segments near or within a specific gene locus or gene. The probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin.

Enzymes that oxidize certain LUMINESCENT AGENTS to emit light (PHYSICAL LUMINESCENCE). The luciferases from different organisms have evolved differently so have different structures and substrates.

A ubiquitously expressed zinc finger-containing protein that acts both as a repressor and activator of transcription. It interacts with key regulatory proteins such as TATA-BINDING PROTEIN; TFIIB; and ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS.

Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells.

A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and most mammals, especially humans. They are grouped into multiple genera, but the viruses are highly host-species specific and tissue-restricted. They are commonly divided into hundreds of papillomavirus "types", each with specific gene function and gene control regions, despite sequence homology. Human papillomaviruses are found in the genera ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; BETAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; GAMMAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; and MUPAPILLOMAVIRUS.

Tumor suppressor genes located on the short arm of human chromosome 17 and coding for the phosphoprotein p53.

A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure where it transcribes DNA into RNA. It has specific requirements for cations and salt and has shown an intermediate sensitivity to alpha-amanitin in comparison to RNA polymerase I and II. EC 2.7.7.6.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Proteins that are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. Deficiencies or abnormalities in these proteins may lead to unregulated cell growth and tumor development.

Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.

The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.

A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.

A genus of potentially oncogenic viruses of the family POLYOMAVIRIDAE. These viruses are normally present in their natural hosts as latent infections. The virus is oncogenic in hosts different from the species of origin.

Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-myc genes. They are normally involved in nucleic acid metabolism and in mediating the cellular response to growth factors. Elevated and deregulated (constitutive) expression of c-myc proteins can cause tumorigenesis.

The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)

Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

The ultimate exclusion of nonsense sequences or intervening sequences (introns) before the final RNA transcript is sent to the cytoplasm.

A diverse class of enzymes that interact with UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYMES and ubiquitination-specific protein substrates. Each member of this enzyme group has its own distinct specificity for a substrate and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Ubiquitin-protein ligases exist as both monomeric proteins multiprotein complexes.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

A family of transcription factors found primarily in PLANTS that bind to the G-box DNA sequence CACGTG or to a consensus sequence CANNTG.

Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

Proteins coded by oncogenes. They include proteins resulting from the fusion of an oncogene and another gene (ONCOGENE PROTEINS, FUSION).

A protein that has been shown to function as a calcium-regulated transcription factor as well as a substrate for depolarization-activated CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES. This protein functions to integrate both calcium and cAMP signals.

Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells.

Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.

An area showing altered staining behavior in the nucleus or cytoplasm of a virus-infected cell. Some inclusion bodies represent "virus factories" in which viral nucleic acid or protein is being synthesized; others are merely artifacts of fixation and staining. One example, Negri bodies, are found in the cytoplasm or processes of nerve cells in animals that have died from rabies.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.

Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.

A suborder of PRIMATES consisting of six families: CEBIDAE (some New World monkeys), ATELIDAE (some New World monkeys), CERCOPITHECIDAE (Old World monkeys), HYLOBATIDAE (gibbons and siamangs), CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets and tamarins), and HOMINIDAE (humans and great apes).

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure and transcribes DNA into RNA. It has different requirements for cations and salt than RNA polymerase I and is strongly inhibited by alpha-amanitin. EC 2.7.7.6.

Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)

Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Motifs in DNA- and RNA-binding proteins whose amino acids are folded into a single structural unit around a zinc atom. In the classic zinc finger, one zinc atom is bound to two cysteines and two histidines. In between the cysteines and histidines are 12 residues which form a DNA binding fingertip. By variations in the composition of the sequences in the fingertip and the number and spacing of tandem repeats of the motif, zinc fingers can form a large number of different sequence specific binding sites.

Nucleic acid sequences involved in regulating the expression of genes.

CELL LINES derived from the CV-1 cell line by transformation with a replication origin defective mutant of SV40 VIRUS, which codes for wild type large T antigen (ANTIGENS, POLYOMAVIRUS TRANSFORMING). They are used for transfection and cloning. (The CV-1 cell line was derived from the kidney of an adult male African green monkey (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS).)

INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.

The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Viruses that produce tumors.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

The directional growth of an organism in response to an external stimulus such as light, touch, or gravity. Growth towards the stimulus is a positive tropism; growth away from the stimulus is a negative tropism. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.

Injections introduced directly into localized lesions.

Development of porcine adenovirus-3 as an expression vector. (1/171)

Porcine adenovirus-3 (PAV-3) was developed as an expression vector using homologous recombination in Escherichia coli BJ 5183. As a prerequisite, the complete genome of PAV-3 was first introduced as a PacI restriction fragment into a bacterial plasmid. The plasmid, when PacI restricted and transfected into swine testicular cells, produces an infectious virus. The potential of this procedure was demonstrated by the construction of several PAV-3 recombinants. Part of the E3 region, which is nonessential for virus replication under cell culture conditions, was identified and deleted from the virus genome. The gene for glycoprotein D (gD) of pseudorabies virus (PRV), which elicits PRV-neutralizing antibodies in pigs, was cloned and expressed from the E3 region of PAV-3. A 50 kDa polypeptide was identified in recombinant PAV-3-infected cell lysates by immunoprecipitation assays using gD-specific monoclonal antibodies. In another experiment, a region between the right inverted terminal repeat and the promoter of the E4 region was used to clone and express the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene under the control of SV40 immediate early promoter. CAT gene expression was observed irrespective of the orientation of the CAT gene. These results indicate that the helper-independent recombinant PAV-3 could be used as an expression vector and has potential as a recombinant vaccine vector in pigs. (+info)

Transcription mapping and characterization of 284R and 121R proteins produced from early region 3 of bovine adenovirus type 3. (2/171)

We established the transcription map of early region (E) 3 of bovine adenovirus 3 (BAV-3) by Northern blot, S1 nuclease protection assays, cDNA sequencing, and RT-PCR analysis. Five major classes of mRNAs were identified, which shared the 3' ends. Four classes of mRNAs transcribed from the E3 promoter also shared the 5' end, while one major class of mRNA transcribed from the major late promoter contained a tripartite leader sequence at the 5' end. These five transcripts have the potential to encode four proteins, namely 284R, 121R, 86R, and 82R. To identify the proteins, rabbit antiserum was prepared using a bacterial fusion protein encoding 284R or 121R protein. Serum against 284R immunoprecipitated protein of 26-32 kDa in in vitro translated and transcribed mRNA and three proteins of 48, 67, and 125 kDa from BAV-3-infected cells. Western blots and enzymatic digestions confirmed that the 284R protein is a glycoprotein, which contains only N-linked oligosaccharides, both high mannose (48 kDa) and complex types (67 kDa). Serum against 121R immunoprecipitated a protein of 14.5 kDa from in vitro translated and transcribed mRNA and BAV-3-infected cells. Although 121R protein shows limited sequence similarity to a 14.7-kDa protein of human adenovirus 5, the 284R protein appears to be unique to BAV-3. Since proteins encoded by the E3 region appear to influence adenovirus pathogenesis, the 284R protein may contribute to the unique pathogenic properties of BAV-3. (+info)

Novel role for E4 region genes in protection of adenovirus vectors from lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (3/171)

Target cells infected with adenovirus (Ad) vectors containing intact E3 and E4 regions were found to be relatively resistant to lysis by Ad-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Elements from both the E3 and the E4 regions were required for this effect, leading to the identification of a previously undescribed role for E4 gene products in resistance to cytolysis. (+info)

Cutting edge: adenovirus E19 has two mechanisms for affecting class I MHC expression. (4/171)

Viral strategies for immune evasion include inhibition of various steps in the class I MHC assembly pathway. Here, we demonstrate that adenovirus produces one gene product with a dual function in this regard. It is well established that adenovirus E19 binds class I molecules and retains them in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, E19 also delays the expression of class I alleles to which it cannot tightly bind. Here, we show that E19 binds TAP and acts as a tapasin inhibitor, preventing class I/TAP association. DeltaE19, an E19 mutant lacking the ER-retention signal, delays maturation of class I molecules, indicating that E19's inhibition of class I/TAP interaction is sufficient to delay class I expression. These data identify tapasin inhibition as a novel mechanism of viral immune evasion and suggest that, through this secondary mechanism, adenovirus can affect Ag presentation by MHC alleles that it can only weakly affect by direct retention. (+info)

Mucosal immunization of calves with recombinant bovine adenovirus-3: induction of protective immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1. (5/171)

To determine the potential of replication-competent (E3-deleted) bovine adenovirus-3 (BAV-3) as a delivery system for vaccine antigens in calves, we evaluated the ability of recombinant BAV-3 expressing different forms of of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) glycoprotein gD to protect against BHV-1 infection in calves that had pre-existing BAV-3 specific antibodies. Three- to four-month-old calves, vaccinated intranasally with recombinant BAV-3 expressing full-length gD (BAV3.E3gD) or a truncated version of gD (gDt) (BAV3.E3gDt), or with E3-deleted BAV-3 (BAV3.E3d; control), were challenged with BHV-1 strain 108. Vaccination with BAV3.E3gD or BAV3.E3gDt induced gD-specific antibody responses in serum and nasal secretions, and primed calves for gD-specific lymphoproliferative responses. In addition, all calves developed complement-independent neutralizing antibodies against BHV-1. Protection against viral challenge was observed in calves vaccinated with recombinant BAV3.E3gD or BAV3.E3gDt as shown by a significant reduction in body temperature and clinical disease, and a partial reduction in the amount and duration of virus excretion in nasal secretions. These results indicate that replication-competent BAV-3-based vectors can induce protective immune responses in calves (the natural host) that have pre-existing BAV-3-specific antibodies. (+info)

Generation of an adenovirus vector lacking E1, e2a, E3, and all of E4 except open reading frame 3. (6/171)

Toxicity and immunity associated with adenovirus backbone gene expression is an important hurdle to overcome for successful gene therapy. Recent efforts to improve adenovirus vectors for in vivo use have focused on the sequential deletion of essential early genes. Adenovirus vectors have been constructed with the E1 gene deleted and with this deletion in combination with an E2a, E2b, or E4 deletion. We report here a novel vector (Av4orf3nBg) lacking E1, E2a, and all of E4 except open reading frame 3 (ORF3) and expressing a beta-galactosidase reporter gene. This vector was generated by transfection of a plasmid carrying the full-length vector sequence into A30.S8 cells that express E1 and E2a but not E4. Production was subsequently performed in an E1-, E2a-, and E4-complementing cell line. We demonstrated with C57BL/6 mice that the Av4orf3nBg vector effected gene transfer with an efficiency comparable to that of the Av3nBg (wild-type E4) vector but that the former exhibited a higher level of beta-galactosidase expression. This observation suggests that E4 ORF3 alone is able to enhance RNA levels from the beta-galactosidase gene when the Rous sarcoma virus promoter is used to drive transgene expression in the mouse liver. In addition, we observed less liver toxicity in mice injected with the Av4orf3nBg vector than those injected with the Av3nBg vector at a comparable DNA copy number per cell. This study suggests that the additional deletion of E4 in an E1 and E2a deletion background may be beneficial in decreasing immunogenicity and improving safety and toxicity profiles, as well as increasing transgene capacity and expression for liver-directed gene therapy. (+info)

Novel expression of mouse adenovirus type 1 early region 3 gp11K at late times after infection. (7/171)

Mutations were introduced into mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) early region 3 (E3) initiator codons by homologous recombination between viral DNA and a plasmid containing a mutagenized E3 region. The resulting mutant virus, pmE312, contained ATG --> TTA mutations at codon positions 1 and 4 and was expected to be null for the expression of the E3 proteins. However, gp11K, an MAV-1 E3 glycoprotein of 14K molecular weight, was detected in mutant-infected cell lysates at levels about 10-12% of that of wild-type (wt) virus at late times in infection. The gp11K polypeptide produced by pmE312 at late times was immunoprecipitated with two E3-specific antisera prepared against different regions of the protein. Like gp11K produced by wt virus infections, it was sensitive to endoglycosidase H (endo H) and thus resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In pmE312-infected cells treated with cytosine arabinoside (araC), an inhibitor of DNA replication, the gp11K protein was not detected by immunoprecipitation. This indicates that gp11K expression in pmE312-infected cells at late times was dependent on DNA replication and that it was thus translated from a late transcript. In vitro translation of poly(A)+ RNA from mock-, wild-type-, and pmE312-infected cells showed that gp11K was translated from late mRNA as an approximately 28K fusion between a late protein and gp11K. Our data are consistent with a model in which gp11K is expressed at late times as a late protein-gp11K chimera in both wt- and mutant-infected cells. This chimera is then processed: removal of a large N-terminal sequence results in the observed 14K ER-localized gp11K. (+info)

Reduced toxicity, attenuated immunogenicity and efficient mediation of human p53 gene expression in vivo by an adenovirus vector with deleted E1-E3 and inactivated E4 by GAL4-TATA promoter replacement. (8/171)

A recombinant adenovirus with deleted E1 and E3, and E4-inactivated by replacing the E4 promoter with a synthetic promoter composed of a minimal TATA box and five consensus yeast GAL4-binding site elements was developed and used to express the human tumor suppresser gene p53. The toxicity and immunogenicity of this vector and vector-mediated p53 gene expression in vivo were studied in immunocompetent C3H and C57BL/6 mice. Expression of the late viral gene product, hexon protein, was observed in C3H and C57BL/6 mice injected with E4 wild-type adenovirus constructs Adv-cmv-beta-Gal (BG), Adv-cmv-hp53 (WT), and empty E1- vector Adv-E4 (EW) 3 to 28 days after injection, but was undetectable in mice treated with E4 modified empty E1- vector Adv-GAL4 (EG) or Adv-cmv-hp53-GAL4 (G4). Expression of the p53 gene was observed in both WT- and G4-injected C3H and C57BL/6 mouse livers from days 3 to 28. Ten weeks after injection, p53 gene expression was still detected in G4-treated C57BL/6 mice at similar levels, but was not detectable in WT-treated mice. Vector-induced liver toxicity was evaluated by analyzing serum transaminases (SGOT and SGPT) activities. In all cases, SGOT and SGPT activities were markedly decreased in EG-treated C3H and C57BL/6 mice compared with those in EW-treated mice on days 3, 7 and 14 after injection. In C57BL/6 mice, the total anti-adenoviral CTL activities were two- to three-fold higher in animals treated with EW vector than in those treated with EG vector. These results suggest that inactivation of the E4 promoter efficiently diminished the viral replication and the late viral gene expression, reduced host immune response and consequently reduced toxicity and prolonged the duration of transgene expression in vivo. (+info)

In addition, CD45 was shown to be the target of the species D adenovirus 19a E3/49K protein to inhibit the activation of NK and ... A unique secreted adenovirus E3 protein binds to the leukocyte common antigen CD45 and modulates leukocyte functions. Proc Natl ... The protein product of this gene, best known as CD45, is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are ... "Specific isoforms of the resident endoplasmic reticulum protein glucosidase II associate with the CD45 protein-tyrosine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRC

Ying B, Wold WS (2003). "Adenovirus ADP protein (E3-11.6K), which is required for efficient cell lysis and virus release, ... Mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAD2L2 gene. MAD2L2 is a ... "Trichosanthin interacts with acidic ribosomal proteins P0 and P1 and mitotic checkpoint protein MAD2B". Eur. J. Biochem. 268 (7 ... "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173-1178. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAD2L2

"Interaction of an adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein with a novel tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible cellular protein ... protein binding, bridging. • Rab GTPase binding. • protein C-terminus binding. • protein binding. • identical protein binding. ... Optineurin interacts with adenovirus E3-14.7K protein and may utilize tumor necrosis factor-alpha or Fas-ligand pathways to ... cellular response to unfolded protein. • Golgi ribbon formation. • immune system process. • innate immune system. • protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optineurin

Both Ad26 and Ad5 were modified to remove the E1 gene to prevent replication. Large quantities of both adenoviruses are then ... They were biotechnology-derived and contain the SARS-CoV-2 S protein cDNA. Both of them are administered into the deltoid ... Gam-COVID-Vac is a viral two-vector vaccine based on two human adenoviruses - a common cold virus - containing the gene that ... Adenovirus infections cause only mild colds in healthy individuals, but they can cause life-threatening illnesses in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine

Introduction of a viral gene that partially deregulates the cell cycle (e.g., the adenovirus type 5 E1 gene was used to ... from testing toxicity of compounds or drugs to production of eukaryotic proteins. While immortalised cell lines often originate ... Artificial expression of key proteins required for immortality, for example telomerase which prevents degradation of chromosome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immortalised_cell_line

... adenovirus e2 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.070 - adenovirus e3 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.080 - adenovirus ... adenovirus e1b proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.060 - adenovirus e2 proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.070 - adenovirus e3 ... adenovirus E1 proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.050.100 - adenovirus E1A proteins MeSH D12.776.624.664.520.045.050.110 - ... adenovirus e1 proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.050.100 - adenovirus e1a proteins MeSH D12.776.964.700.045.050.110 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D12.776)

Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (1994). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a member of the ... G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNE1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to ... This protein was found to associate with, and be involved in, the phosphorylation of NPAT protein (nuclear protein mapped to ... Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (December 1993). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_E1

In Adenoviruses, it consists of two transcription units, IVa2 and IX. The late class consists primarily of structural proteins ... In Papillomaviruses, they are called E1 through E7 and also stimulate cellular replication. In Polyomavirus, the early proteins ... The late proteins make up the virus capsid. In Polyomaviruses, they are known as VP1, VP2, and VP3; in Papillomaviruses they ... The early proteins produced in Papillomaviruses and Polyomaviruses regulate the cell cycle and activate DNA replication. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_class_(virology)

These two VA RNA genes are distinct genes in the adenovirus genome. VA RNAI is the major species with VA RNAII expressed at a ... VAI stimulates the translation of both early and late viral genes including E3 and hexon. VAII does not stimulate translation. ... VAI RNA functions as a decoy RNA for the double stranded RNA activated protein kinase R which would otherwise phosphorylate ... The VA (viral associated) RNA is a type of non-coding RNA found in adenovirus. It plays a role in regulating translation. There ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VA_RNA

Membrane protein E3 RID-alpha and membrane protein E3 RID-beta performs a variety of molecular functions that contribute to ... The functions of many adenovirus proteins are known: Structural proteins include capsid proteins II (hexon), III (penton base ... E3 gp19K protein". NCBI. Retrieved 2013-01-17. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "PHA3613: E3 14.7K protein". NCBI. ... Control protein E3 14.7K protects the virus from host antiviral responses. The control proteins of the E4 transcription unit ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirus_genome

He earned his PhD from Uppsala University in 1986 for research investigating how the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates the ... How the E19 protein of adenoviruses modulates the immune system (PhD thesis). Uppsala University. ISBN 9155419216. OCLC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svante_Pääbo

The encoded protein belongs to a family of NEDD4-like proteins, which are E3 ubiquitin-ligase molecules and regulate key ... "Adenovirus protein involved in virus internalization recruits ubiquitin-protein ligases". Biochemistry. 41 (48): 14299-305. doi ... NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the WWP1 gene. WW domain-containing ... "Entrez Gene: WWP1 WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1". Ambrozkiewicz MC, Schwark M, Kishimoto-Suga M, Borisova ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWP1

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein kinases. This protein ... Tsai LH, Harlow E, Meyerson M (September 1991). "Isolation of the human cdk2 gene that encodes the cyclin A- and adenovirus E1A ... Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 has been shown to interact with: BRCA1, CDK2AP1, CDKN1B CDKN3, CEBPA, Cyclin A1, Cyclin E1, Flap ... This increases the synthesis of histone proteins (the major protein component of chromatin), and subsequently supports the DNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_2

NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP2 also known as atrophin-1-interacting protein 2 (AIP2) or WW domain-containing ... "Adenovirus protein involved in virus internalization recruits ubiquitin-protein ligases". Biochemistry. 41 (48): 14299-305. doi ... The family of proteins is known to possess ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. The encoded protein contains 4 tandem WW domains ... "Latent membrane protein 2A of Epstein-Barr virus binds WW domain E3 protein-ubiquitin ligases that ubiquitinate B-cell tyrosine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWP2

"Induction of endogenous genes following infection of human endothelial cells with an E1(-) E4(+) adenovirus gene transfer ... S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10), also known as p11, is a protein that is encoded by the S100A10 gene in humans and ... The S100 protein is implicated in exocytosis and endocytosis by reorganization of F-actin. The p11 protein is linked with the ... As a member of the S-100 family, its structure resembles that of the S-100A1 and S-100B proteins. This class of proteins has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S100A10

... and relief of repression by adenovirus E1A protein". Cell. 67 (2): 377-88. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90189-6. PMID 1655281. ... Park K, Atchison ML (November 1991). "Isolation of a candidate repressor/activator, NF-E1 (YY-1, delta), that binds to the ... YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein ... "Relief of YY1 transcriptional repression by adenovirus E1A is mediated by E1A-associated protein p300". Genes & Development. 9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YY1

By 1900, it had been generally accepted that proteins were composed of amino acids; however, whether proteins were colloids or ... 277(31): e1-e2 Harrison, Roger G., Todd, Paul, Rudge, Scott R., Petrides D.P. Bioseparations Science and Engineering. Oxford ... Berkowitz, S.A., Philo, J.S. Monitoring the Homogeneity of Adenovirus Preparations (a Gene Therapy Delivery System) Using ... Sedimentation Velocity Analysis of Heterogeneous Protein-Protein Interactions: Lamm Equation Modeling and Sedimentation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugation

... system Isoform-selective protein kinase C agonist Interaction between two proteins Nuclear export signal in a protein HEK 293 ... E1 and E3) are deleted, such as AdEasy. However, homologous recombination between the inserted cellular Ad5 sequence and the ... and could be preferentially transformed by adenovirus. Adenoviruses transform neuronal lineage cells much more efficiently than ... The cells were cultured by van der Eb; the transduction by adenovirus was performed by Frank Graham, a post-doc in van der Eb's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HEK_293_cells

... the immature virion assembles the A5 protein to create the intracellular mature virion. The protein aligns and the brick-shaped ... The ancestor of the poxviruses is not known but structural studies suggest it may have been an adenovirus or a species related ... The early genes encode the non-structural protein, including proteins necessary for replication of the viral genome, and are ... The late genes are expressed after the genome has been replicated and encode the structural proteins to make the virus particle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poxviridae

99:e3-e9. Meyer M, Schillinger W; Pieske B, Holubarsch C, Heilmann C, Posival H, et al. (1995). "Alterations of sarcoplasmic ... AAVs also produce less of an immune response than alternative viral vehicles, such as adenoviruses. AAVs have been studied in ... the viral vector can insert itself into the genome and increase expression of the SERCA2a protein. Delivering the gene via an ... reticulum proteins in failing human dilated cardiomyopathy". Circulation. 92:778-784.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydicar

... (CAR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXADR gene. The protein encoded by ... doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000218041.41932.e3. PMID 16543498. Lim BK, Xiong D, Dorner A, Youn TJ, Yung A, Liu TI, Gu Y, Dalton ND, ... "Protein sequence of human CXADR (Uniprot ID: P78310)". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from ... Law LK, Davidson BL (Jan 2002). "Adenovirus serotype 30 fiber does not mediate transduction via the coxsackie-adenovirus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxsackievirus_and_adenovirus_receptor

... the Adenovirus protein E1A. Pathogenic bacteria also mimic host motifs (as well as having their own motifs), however, not to ... Stability - A subset of docking motifs recruit E3 ubiquitin ligase to their substrates. The resulting polyubiquitination ... linear motifs or minimotifs are short stretches of protein sequence that mediate protein-protein interaction. The first ... Linear motif mediated protein-protein interactions have shown promise in recent years as novel drug targets. Success stories ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_linear_motif

"Altered AP-1/ATF complexes in adenovirus-E1-transformed cells due to EIA-dependent induction of ATF3". Oncogene. 12 (5): 1025- ... "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957-68. doi:10.1016/j.cell ... ATF3+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) FactorBook ATF3 This article ... Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF3 gene. Activating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATF3

Zhang W, Telemaque S, Augustyniak R, Anderson P, Thomas G, An J, Wang Z, Newgard C, Victor R. (2010)։ «Adenovirus-mediated ... Torday JS, Rehan VK (October 2006)։ «Up-regulation of fetal rat lung parathyroid hormone-related protein gene regulatory ...

https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Լեպտին

"The Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) forms a complex with the PDZ domain-containing protein ligand-of-numb protein- ... E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase LNX is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LNX1 gene. LNX1 has been shown to interact with ... "c-Src is a PDZ interaction partner and substrate of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ligand-of-Numb protein X1". FEBS Letters. 581 (26 ... "Np9 protein of human endogenous retrovirus K interacts with ligand of numb protein X". Journal of Virology. 78 (19): 10310-9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNX1

"A family of proteins structurally and functionally related to the E6-AP ubiquitin-protein ligase". Proceedings of the National ... 1991 Chellappan, S.; Kraus, V. B.; Kroger, B.; Munger, K.; Howley, P. M.; Phelps, W. C.; Nevins, J. R. (1992). "Adenovirus E1A ... Insights into Ubiquitination by the E2-E3 Enzyme Cascade". Science. 286 (5443): 1321-1326. doi:10.1126/science.286.5443.1321. ... 1990 Huibregtse, J.M.; Scheffner, M.; Howley, P.M. (1991). "A cellular protein mediates association of p53 with the E6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_M._Howley

... proteins and small ribonucleoproteins (snRNP). Proteins encoded by aberrantly spliced pre-mRNAs are functionally different and ... The mRNA (-E3) encodes a truncated form of hGH that then inhibits normal hGH secretion. Minigenes were used to determine that a ... RNA splicing was discovered in the late 1970s through the study of adenoviruses that invade mammals and replicate inside them. ... Tau protein isoforms are created by alternative splicing of exons 2, 3 and 10. The regulation of tau splicing is specific to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minigene

Other researchers found this interference can be mediated by a substance produced by the host animal, a protein now known as ... "ICTV Taxonomy history: Human coxsackievirus A4". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 6 February ... is mediated by Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor. Coxsackieviruses are divided into group A and group B viruses based on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxsackievirus

Sedimentation Velocity Analysis of Heterogeneous Protein-Protein Interactions: Lamm Equation Modeling and Sedimentation ... Berkowitz, S.A., Philo, J.S. Monitoring the Homogeneity of Adenovirus Preparations (a Gene Therapy Delivery System) Using ... By 1900, it had been generally accepted that proteins were composed of amino acids; however, whether proteins were colloids or ... Howlett, G.J., Minton, A.P., Rivas, G. Analytical Ultracentrifugation for the Study of Protein Association and Assembly. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugation

E1A adenovirus protein, and S-HDAg (hepatitis delta virus small delta antigen).[19] p300/CBP have also been observed to ... HAT-B, NuB4, HAT-A3. H4, (H2A). Elp3. S. cerevisiae. Elongator. H3, H4, (H2A, H2B). ... structural proteins, polyamines, and proteins involved in nuclear import.[3] Acetylation of these proteins can alter their ... Protein Chem. Advances in Protein Chemistry. 67: 181-99. doi:10.1016/S0065-3233(04)67007-0. ISBN 9780120342679. PMID 14969728. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_acetyltransferase

Furthermore, depletion of hepatic S6K1 in db/db mice with the use of an adenovirus vector encoding S6K1 shRNA resulted in down- ... SREB proteins are indirectly required for cholesterol biosynthesis and for uptake and fatty acid biosynthesis. These proteins ... proteins. However, in contrast to E-box-binding HLH proteins, an arginine residue is replaced with tyrosine making them capable ... SREBP precursors are retained in the ER membranes through a tight association with SCAP and a protein of the INSIG family. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SREBP

The adenovirus E1B-55K protein and the hepatitis B virus HBx protein are examples of viral proteins that can perform such a ... Examples of viral Bcl-2 proteins include the Epstein-Barr virus BHRF1 protein and the adenovirus E1B 19K protein.[104] Some ... these inhibitory proteins target retinoblastoma tumor-suppressing proteins.[83] These tumor-suppressing proteins regulate the ... Expression of viral proteins coupled to MHC proteins on the surface of the infected cell, allowing recognition by cells of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis

Adenovirus · Tick-borne encephalitis · Japanese encephalitis# · Flu# (LAIV, H1N1 (Pandemrix)) · Hepatitis A# · Hepatitis B# · ...

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ಪ್ರತಿರಕ್ಷಣೆ

Structural proteins made by the hepatitis C virus include Core protein, E1 and E2; nonstructural proteins include NS2, NS3, ... Adenovirus Adenovirus infection. RNA virus. Rotavirus. Norovirus. Astrovirus. Coronavirus. Hepatitis. DNA virus. HBV (B). RNA ... E1 serves as the fusogenic subunit and E2 acts as the receptor binding protein. E1 has 4-5 N-linked glycans and E2 has 11 N- ... E1)-E2-p7-nonstructural protein 2 (NS2)-NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5A-NS5B-C terminal. The mature nonstructural proteins (NS2 to NS5B) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C_virus

negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity. • G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle. • ... Schreiber M, Muller WJ, Singh G, Graham FL (1999). "Comparison of the effectiveness of adenovirus vectors expressing cyclin ... regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity. • oligodendrocyte differentiation. • negative ... Venkataramani R, Swaminathan K, Marmorstein R (1998). "Crystal structure of the CDK4/6 inhibitory protein p18INK4c provides ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDKN2C

The adenovirus E1B-55K protein and the hepatitis B virus HBx protein are examples of viral proteins that can perform such a ... Examples of viral Bcl-2 proteins include the Epstein-Barr virus BHRF1 protein and the adenovirus E1B 19K protein.[95] Some ... these inhibitory proteins target retinoblastoma tumor-suppressing proteins.[74] These tumor-suppressing proteins regulate the ... PROTEINS: Structure, Function, and Genetics 50, 44-48.. *^ Chen Y. L.; Li Q. Z. (2007). "Prediction of apoptosis protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-apoptotic

Egg protein is present in influenza and yellow fever vaccines as they are prepared using chicken eggs. Other proteins may be ... Other canine vaccines include canine distemper, canine parvovirus, infectious canine hepatitis, adenovirus-2, leptospirosis, ... "Glycoprotein E1 of hog cholera virus expressed in insect cells protects swine from hog cholera". Journal of Virology. 67 (9): ... Some cells of the immune system that recognize the proteins expressed will mount an attack against these proteins and cells ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine

World Health Organization (2008-12-27). RD Congo: Fièvre hémorragique à virus Ebola au Kasaï Occidental, Rapport de situation ... vacinas baseadas en adenovirus, e vacinas baseadas no VSIV están xa na fase de ensaio clínico.[98][99][100][101] ... "Ebola Virus Matrix Protein VP40 Uses the COPII Transport System for Its Intracellular Transport". Cell Host & Microbe 3 (3): ... "Rapport de la Situation Epidémiologique de la maladie à virus Ebola au Mali" (PDF). Ministère de laSanté. 13 November 2014. ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola

de 1999). «Regulation of cyclin A-Cdk2 by SCF component Skp1 and F-box protein Skp2». Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 19 (1): ... Tsai LH, Harlow E, Meyerson M (septiembre de 1991). «Isolation of the human cdk2 gene that encodes the cyclin A- and adenovirus ... Ciclina E1[21][8][22][23][24][25]. *SKP2[26][27][28] ... de 2000). «p12(DOC-1) is a novel cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein». Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 20 (17): 6300- ...

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdk2

American Journal of Public Health 103(9):e1-e1 (in press).. *Friedman, M. Reuel, Kutz, Steven, Buttram, Mance, Wei, Chongyi, ... Notably, participants immune to the common cold virus adenovirus type 5 had a higher risk of HIV infection. The vaccine was ... or measles virus may stimulate the production of proteins suppressing HIV replication, including the β-chemokines, CD8+ cell ... Research in Anthropology and Linguistics e3: 43-53.. *. Mazigo Humphrey; Nuwaha Fred; Wilson Shona; Kinung'hi Safari; Morona ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndemic

... these proteins are responsible for the replication of the virus.[59] E1 is a highly conserved protein in the virus, E1 is in ... Its protein makeup allows it to target four types of HPV. Gardasil contains inactive L1 proteins from four different HPV ... One such method is a vaccine based on the minor capsid protein L2, which is highly conserved across HPV genotypes.[180] Efforts ... Every subunit of the virus is composed of two proteins molecules, L1 and L2. The reason why this virus has the capability to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPV_vaccines

The E6/E7 proteins inactivate two tumor suppressor proteins, p53 (inactivated by E6) and pRb (inactivated by E7).[14] The viral ... Genome organization of human papillomavirus type 16, one of the subtypes known to cause cervical cancer (E1-E7 early genes, L1- ... Adenovirus Adenovirus infection. RNA virus. Rotavirus. Norovirus. Astrovirus. Coronavirus. Hepatitis. DNA virus. HBV (B). RNA ... E6 produces a protein (also called E6) that binds to and inactivates a protein in the host cell called p53. Normally, p53 acts ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus

... are dependent on acidic amino acid residues and protein-protein interaction". Nucleic Acids Research. 28 (5): 1106-13. doi: ... "Oncogene expression cloning by retroviral transduction of adenovirus E1A-immortalized rat kidney RK3E cells: transformation of ... are dependent on acidic amino acid residues and protein-protein interaction". Nucleic Acids Research. 28 (5): 1106-13. doi: ... are dependent on acidic amino acid residues and protein-protein interaction". Nucleic Acids Research. 28 (5): 1106-13. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLF4

Masuda A, Yoshikai Y, Kume H, Matsuguchi T (November 2004). "The interaction between GATA proteins and activator protein-1 ... Wang N, Verna L, Hardy S, Forsayeth J, Zhu Y, Stemerman MB (September 1999). "Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of c-Jun and c ... of c-fos and c-jun gene expressions during the vitamin-induced differentiation of mouse osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 cells ... "Human cytomegalovirus IE1 protein activates AP-1 through a cellular protein kinase(s)". The Journal of General Virology. 80 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP-1_transcription_factor

Clinical trial number NCT02285816 for "MG1 Maraba/MAGE-A3, With and Without Adenovirus Vaccine, With Transgenic MAGE-A3 ... which encode easily identifiable protein markers. One example of such proteins is GFP (green fluorescent protein) which, when ... An oncolytic adenovirus, a genetically modified adenovirus named H101, was approved in China in 2005 for the treatment of head ... This hybrid of adenovirus serotypes Ad11p and Ad3 shows much higher potency and tumour selectivity than the control viruses ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncolytic_virus

... has been shown to interact with: BRCA1, BRF1 C-Raf, Cyclin E1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, HDAC1, ... Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (Dec 1993). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a member of ... Li Y, Graham C, Lacy S, Duncan AM, Whyte P (Dec 1993). "The adenovirus E1A-associated 130-kD protein is encoded by a member of ... Retinoblastoma-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBL2 gene. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoblastoma-like_protein_2

He also identified two new species of adenoviruses (later called types 40 and 41), as well as confirming the presence of ... Hand, foot, and mouth disease' associated with Coxsackie A5 virus. J Clin Pathol. 1963 Jan;16:53-5. Kapikian, AZ; Wyatt, RG; ... were thought to have a double protein outer coat. The early research papers from the 1970s use both names. Flewett did much ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Flewett

... Arnberg, Niklas Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of ...

http://umu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:691940

Association of human class I MHC alleles with the adenovirus E3/19K protein.. D C Beier, J H Cox, D R Vining, P Cresswell and V ... A panel of HLA-A and -B locus products was analyzed for their ability to associate with the adenovirus E3/19K (E19) protein in ... Association of human class I MHC alleles with the adenovirus E3/19K protein. ... Association of human class I MHC alleles with the adenovirus E3/19K protein. ...

https://www.jimmunol.org/content/152/8/3862?ijkey=060ac6c68656eefdefe51d7c1c57fd69525c46b5&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Interaction between E3-19K and HLA-A3-like molecules. A, E3-19K (14 μg) and HLA-A3-like molecules (20 μg) (2:1 molar ratio) ... Allele- and Locus-Specific Recognition of Class I MHC Molecules by the Immunomodulatory E3-19K Protein from Adenovirus. Hong ... Allele- and Locus-Specific Recognition of Class I MHC Molecules by the Immunomodulatory E3-19K Protein from Adenovirus ... Allele- and Locus-Specific Recognition of Class I MHC Molecules by the Immunomodulatory E3-19K Protein from Adenovirus ...

https://www.jimmunol.org/content/178/7/4567/tab-figures-data

What is Adenovirus E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein? Meaning of Adenovirus E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein as a legal term. What does Adenovirus ... E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein mean in law? ... Definition of Adenovirus E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein in the Legal ... Adenovirus E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein legal definition of Adenovirus E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein https://legal-dictionary. ... redirected from Adenovirus E3 10.4K/14.5kD Protein). Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical. See: dislodge, eject, evict ...

https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Adenovirus+E3+10.4K%2F14.5kD+Protein

pVII(wt) protein enhances MKRN1 protein self-ubiquitination.MKRN1 protein binds to the substrate proteins via the C-terminal ... Human Adenovirus Infection Causes Cellular E3 Ubiquitin Ligase MKRN1 Degradation Involving the Viral Core Protein pVII. ... Human Adenovirus Infection Causes Cellular E3 Ubiquitin Ligase MKRN1 Degradation Involving the Viral Core Protein pVII ... Human Adenovirus Infection Causes Cellular E3 Ubiquitin Ligase MKRN1 Degradation Involving the Viral Core Protein pVII ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/92/3/e01154-17

Indeed, the capacity of E3/19K to inhibit transport of HLA class I (HLA-I) to the cell surface, thereby preventing peptide p … ... E3) encodes multiple immunosubversive functions that are presumed to facilitate the establishment and persistence of infection ... major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA and MICB), their expression on the cell surface ... Adenovirus E3/19K promotes evasion of NK cell recognition by intracellular sequestration of the NKG2D ligands major ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18287244/?dopt=Abstract

Mutations in this region (R3-2, A3, and 44) caused a marked reduction in the ability of the protein to interact with PP2A and ... Previous work has shown that the adenovirus E1A proteins and cAMP cooperate to induce the accumulation of activator protein 1 ( ... Induction of apoptosis by adenovirus E4orf4 protein is specific to transformed cells and requires an interaction with protein ... Induction of apoptosis by adenovirus E4orf4 protein is specific to transformed cells and requires an interaction with protein ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/96/18/10080?ijkey=9bfe36d1d660f786261b14cfc4b0a73900a4f47b&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein, an antagonist of tumor necrosis factor cytolysis, increases the virulence of vaccinia ... Adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein, an antagonist of tumor necrosis factor cytolysis, increases the virulence of vaccinia ... Adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein, an antagonist of tumor necrosis factor cytolysis, increases the virulence of vaccinia ... title = "Adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein, an antagonist of tumor necrosis factor cytolysis, increases the virulence of ...

https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/adenovirus-e3-147-kilodalton-protein-an-antagonist-of-tumor-necro-2

The Signal-Anchor Domain of Adenovirus E3-6.7K, a Type III Integral Membrane Protein, Can Direct Adenovirus E3-gp19K, a Type I ... The Signal-Anchor Domain of Adenovirus E3-6.7K, a Type III Integral Membrane Protein, Can Direct Adenovirus E3-gp19K, a Type I ... The Signal-Anchor Domain of Adenovirus E3-6.7K, a Type III Integral Membrane Protein, Can Direct Adenovirus E3-gp19K, a Type I ... T1 - The Signal-Anchor Domain of Adenovirus E3-6.7K, a Type III Integral Membrane Protein, Can Direct Adenovirus E3-gp19K, a ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-signal-anchor-domain-of-adenovirus-e3-67k-a-type-iii-integral

For endogenous knockdown of CREBH expression in HepG2 cells, we applied a recombinant adenovirus system. Adenovirus for the ... apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5), was identified by the comparative sequencing of the APOA1/C3/A4 gene cluster region [3]. APOA5, ... AMP-activated protein kinase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway," Molecular Endocrinology, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 3107 ... K.-H. Song, T. Li, and J. Y. L. Chiang, "A prospero-related homeodomain protein is a novel co-regulator of hepatocyte nuclear ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/892491/

Recently, we described a novel immunomodulatory function for E3/49K, an E3 protein uniquely expressed by species D Ads. E3/49K ... The E3 transcription unit of human species C adenoviruses (Ads) encodes immunomodulatory proteins that mediate direct ... Sorting motifs in the cytoplasmic tail of the immunomodulatory E3/49K protein of species D adenoviruses modulate cell surface ... 2016) Sorting motifs in the cytoplasmic tail of the immunomodulatory E3/49K protein of species D adenoviruses modulate cell ...

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/77779/

Open reading frame E3-10.9K of subspecies B1 human adenoviruses encodes a family of late orthologous proteins that vary in ... Open reading frame E3-10.9K of subspecies B1 human adenoviruses encodes a family of late orthologous proteins that vary in ... Open reading frame E3-10.9K of subspecies B1 human adenoviruses encodes a family of late orthologous proteins that vary in ... T1 - Open reading frame E3-10.9K of subspecies B1 human adenoviruses encodes a family of late orthologous proteins that vary in ...

https://arizona.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/open-reading-frame-e3-109k-of-subspecies-b1-human-adenoviruses-en

In vitro, enadenotucirev (EnAd), adenovirus 11p and adenovirus 5 decreased the protein expression of HIF-1α only during the ... We hypothesised that adenovirus infection interferes with the HIF-signalling axis in the hypoxic tumour niche, possibly ... In this study, oncolytic adenovirus infection foci were found within pimonidazole-reactive, oxygen-poor areas in a colorectal ... Figure A5. The oxygen-independent fluorescent protein dUnaG is best matched with mBeRFP for multiphoton imaging. Optical ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/851/htm

1997) The adenovirus E4orf6 protein can promote E1A/E1β-induced focus formation by interfering with p53 tumor suppressor ... 1998) In vitro and in vivo biology of recombinant adenovirus vectors with E1, E1/E2a, or E1/E4 deleted. J. Virol. 72:2022-2032. ... Generation of an Adenovirus Vector Lacking E1, E2a, E3, and All of E4 except Open Reading Frame 3. Mario I. Gorziglia, Claudia ... Adenovirus vectors have been constructed with the E1 gene deleted (28, 36, 37, 45) and with E1 plus E2a, E2b, or E4 deleted (1 ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/73/7/6048

... deleted in E1 and E4, and contained human OTC cDNA. It was infused into … ... The vector used for this trial was based on human adenovirus type 5, ... Adenovirus E1 Proteins / genetics * Adenovirus E4 Proteins / genetics * Adolescent * Genetic Therapy* * Genetic Vectors / ... The vector used for this trial was based on human adenovirus type 5, deleted in E1 and E4, and contained human OTC cDNA. It was ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14567964/?dopt=Abstract

... the ubiquitination is proposed to regulate POU5F1 protein level. Ubiquitinates EGR2 and promotes it to proteasomal degradation ... E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then ... "Adenovirus protein involved in virus internalization recruits ubiquitin-protein ligases.". Galinier R., Gout E., Lortat-Jacob H ... protein ubiquitination. This protein is involved in the pathway protein ubiquitination, which is part of Protein modification.2 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O00308

The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex ... May alternatively act as a cellular target for adenovirus E3-14.7K, an inhibitor of TNF-alpha functions, thereby affecting cell ... This protein in other organisms (by gene name): Q7L523 - Homo sapiens 3 * Q15347 - Homo sapiens no matching PDB entries ... Protein disorder predictions are based on JRONN (Troshin, P. and Barton, G. J. unpublished), a Java implementation of RONN * ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/Q7L523

Adenoviruses (HAdVs) are nonenveloped lytic DNA viruses with 67 different human serotypes. HAdV infection post transplant seems ... Functions and mechanisms of action of the adenovirus E3 proteins. Int Rev Immunol. 2004;23(1-2):75-111.PubMedCrossRefGoogle ... Human CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses to adenovirus capsid proteins. Virology. 2006;350(2):312-22.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar ... T-cell lines specific for peptides of adenovirus hexon protein and devoid of alloreactivity against recipient cells can be ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-28797-3_33

The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex ... Binds SCNN1A, SCNN1B, SCNN1G, WBP1, WBP2, DRPLA and adenovirus type 2 PIII. Interacts with TGIF (By similarity). Binds KLF2 AND ... E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then ... Interacts with NDFIP1 and NDFIP2; this interaction activates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). Interacts with ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/Q8BZZ3

The adenovirus E3-6.7K protein adopts diverse membrane topologies following posttranslational translocation. ... Deletion of the GPI pre-anchor sequence in human p97--a general approach for generating the soluble form of GPI-linked proteins ... Tumour immunity and T cell memory are induced by low dose inoculation with a non-replicating adenovirus encoding TAP1. ... A peptide derived from melanotransferrin delivers a protein-based interleukin 1 receptor antagonist across the BBB and ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Jefferies+WA%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50

Adenovirus early genes. E1B, E2A, E2B, E3, E4, some virion proteins. 111 ... Determined both by direct DNA binding and by protein-protein interactions. Affects replication, gene expression, and cell cycle ... Inhibition of interferon mediated protein synthesis shut-off.. Expression of viion associated host shutoff protein which causes ... Cytoplasmic gene expression and replication, so viral core has to carry all necessary proteins. Viral RNAs are not spliced. ...

https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/dna-viruses-3710762/packs/5494219

The tools are derived from a novel tumor suppressor gene which encodes a protein referred to hereinafter as the ... Replication deficient recombinant adenovirus lacks the E1 coding sequences necessary for viral replication. This function is ... An isolated EDG1 protein or a protein which is functional equivalent said EDG1 protein, wherein said EDG1 protein comprises SEQ ... The isolated protein of claim 7. wherein said protein is a fusion protein and comprises a tag for labeling or isolating said ...

http://www.google.co.uk/patents/US20020160497

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis. Nuclear proteins were extracted from HUVECs as previously described.12 Protein ... with E1- and E3-deleted adenovirus-5 genome DNA (Ψ5). An intermolecular recombination of the shuttle vector and Ψ5 then creates ... Using an adenovirus-mediated gene transfer protocol, we found that the AP-1 proteins c-Fos and c-Jun directly cause phenotypic ... By using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we show that overexpression of AP-1 proteins directly causes coinduction of gene ...

http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/19/9/2078

We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their ... InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites ... Sequence and functional analysis of the human adenovirus type 7 E3-gp19K protein from 17 clinical isolates.. Virology 197 593- ... Adenovirus Gp19K (IPR006965). Short name: Adenovirus_Gp19K Overlapping homologous superfamilies *Adenovirus Gp19K superfamily ( ...

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR006965

Deletion of the E1, E2b and E3 genes from Ad5 prevents anti-adenovirus immune responses. MUC1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA ... Upon administration of adenovirus expressing mutant HPV E6/E7, the adenovirus infects and expresses the E6 and E7 proteins. The ... Deletion of the E1, E2b and E3 genes from Ad5 prevents anti-adenovirus immune responses. Brachyury, a tumor-associated antigen ... A cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective E1-deleted adenovirus vector based on chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 68 ( ...

https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/

Adenovirus E3 protein modulates leukocyte functions2013In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ... Previous work has identified an RNR protein in yeast, Rnr4p, which is homologous to other R2 proteins but lacks a number of ... This study reveals that structures of unstable transient complexes of interacting proteins and of protein domains are ... protein of the F type, which, like other antibiotic resistance (ARE) ABCF proteins, is thought to bind to antibiotic-stalled ...

http://umu.diva-portal.org/smash/resultList.jsf?p=1&fs=false&language=en&searchType=SIMPLE&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22journalId%22%3A%2215041%22%7D%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all

"Adenovirus E3 region protein CR1; Region: Adeno_E3_CR1; pfam02440" /db_xref="CDD:308189" gene 15356..15946 /locus_tag="BWV06_ ... "Adenovirus E3 region protein CR1; Region: Adeno_E3_CR1; pfam02440" /db_xref="CDD:308189" gene 15978..16661 /locus_tag="BWV06_ ... "Adenovirus E3 region protein CR1; Region: Adeno_E3_CR1; pfam02440" /db_xref="CDD:308189" gene 18902..19528 /locus_tag="BWV06_ ... proteins. Many of these proteins require calcium for their biological function and calcium-binding sites have been found to be ...

https://www.genome.jp/entry/refseq:NC_033176

Crystal structure of a complex between the human adenovirus type 2 E3-19K protein and MHC class I molecule HLA-A2/Tax. ... Categories: Ade06 , Human , Bouvier, M , Li, L , Ad2 e3-19k-hla-a2 complex , Adenovirus e3-19k , Endoplasmic reticulum , Immune ... We determined the structure of the adenovirus serotype 2 (Ad2, species C) E3-19K-HLA-A2 complex to 1.95-A resolution. Ad2 E3- ... Crystal structure of adenovirus E3-19K bound to HLA-A2 reveals mechanism for immunomodulation.,Li L, Muzahim Y, Bouvier M Nat ...

http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/4e5x

Wold has organized a collection of readily reproducible methods for conducting research with adenoviruses, the premier and most ... In Adenovirus Methods and Protocols, William S.M. ... Immunoprecipitation of E1 A-Containing Protein Complexes ... Simultaneous Detection of RNA and Proteins in Adenovirus-Infected Cells by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and ... Methods for Creating and Analyzing Adenovirus Vectors that Express Proteins that Act on the Viral Genome ...

https://rd.springer.com/book/10.1385%2F0896035514

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirus_genome

This experience points to the limitations of animal studies in predicting human responses, the steep toxicity curve for replication defective adenovirus vectors, substantial subject-to-subject variation in host responses to systemically administered vectors, and the need for further study of the immune response to these vectors. (nih.gov)
Recent efforts to improve adenovirus vectors for in vivo use have focused on the sequential deletion of essential early genes. (asm.org)
Adenovirus vectors have been constructed with the E1 gene deleted and with this deletion in combination with an E2a, E2b, or E4 deletion. (asm.org)
Adenovirus vectors are currently used for gene transfer in basic research and gene therapy protocols due to their high titers, ability to target a wide range of both dividing and nondividing cells, and mediation of high-level foreign protein expression without replication or integration of the viral genome ( 4 , 18 , 36 , 37 ). (asm.org)
In spite of this, several factors significantly limit the utility of currently used adenovirus vectors. (asm.org)
Studies carried out in vitro to evaluate adenovirus vectors with double deletions consistently feature an absence of detectable replication and late gene expression ( 1 , 17 ). (asm.org)
Adenovirus Methods and Protocols will be useful to both entry-level and senior scientists seeking to enter the adenovirus field, to researchers from other areas wishing to construct adenovirus vectors for their own research, and to adenovirologists wanting to enter new sectors of research. (springer.com)
Adenovirus vectors have a lower titre than Adeno-associated vectors b. (brainscape.com)
What is false about adenovirus expression vectors? (brainscape.com)
The insert sizes are smaller than normal adenovirus vectors due to the removal of immunogenic genes d. (brainscape.com)
Impact of adenovirus life cycle progression on the generation of canine helper-dependent vectors. (biomedsearch.com)
Helper-dependent adenovirus vectors (HDVs) are safe and efficient tools for gene transfer with high cloning capacity. (biomedsearch.com)
Canine adenovirus (Ad) type 2 vectors, holding attractive features to overcome immunogenic concerns and treat neurobiological disorders, were the focus of this work. (biomedsearch.com)
When compared with E1-deleted (ΔE1) vectors, we found a faster helper genome replication during HDV production. (biomedsearch.com)
The first lentiviral vectors were derived from human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) but were pseudotyped by using the envelope glycoproteins from other viruses such as the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G), a fusion protein used to improve infection efficiency. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
There have been several concerns about the use of recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAD5) as a vaccine vector, including preexisting vector-specific immunity and uncertainty about whether these vectors can induce long-lasting, broad, and protective immune responses ( 20 - 22 ). (rupress.org)
Production of adenovirus vectors and their use as a delivery system for influenza vaccines. (purdue.edu)
Development of nonhuman adenoviruses as vaccine vectors. (purdue.edu)
Traditional, or conventional, recombinant Ads are engineered to lack the early E1 and E3 gene regions (Ad5[E1−]), and these deletions substantially inhibit but do not completely eliminate the ability of these viral vectors to replicate and translate viral proteins ( 26 ). (asm.org)
Berkner, "Development of Adenovirus Vectors for the Expression of Heterologous Genes," BioTechniques 6(7): 616-629, 1988. (patentgenius.com)
Neonatal Sprague‑Dawley rat cardiomyocytes cultured in vitro were infected with adenoviral vectors carrying SERCA2a or enhanced green fluorescent protein genes, the latter used as a control. (spandidos-publications.com)
The commonly used first generation recombinant adenovirus vectors are based on adenovirus type 5, which causes mild respiratory infection in humans. (bmj.com)
In practice this has not always been the case and studies in rodents, primates, and humans have provided variable results, highlighting the need for a more detailed understanding of the natural history of adenovirus infection in humans and questioning the value of animal models in determining the safety of virus vectors. (bmj.com)
In this review we will consider the nature of adenovirus toxicity and the development of improved adenovirus vectors. (bmj.com)
What's toxic about adenovirus vectors? (bmj.com)

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common human pathogens encoding a highly abundant histone-like core protein, VII, which is involved in nuclear delivery and protection of viral DNA as well as in sequestering immune danger signals in infected cells. (asm.org)
Inside the core, HAdV DNA associates with the viral proteins V, VII, Mu, terminal protein, and DNA-dependent adenovirus proteinase (Avp) ( 3 ). (asm.org)
This proteolytic cleavage step ensures proper condensation of viral DNA and proteins within the HAdV core ( 10 , 11 ). (asm.org)
Indeed, the capacity of E3/19K to inhibit transport of HLA class I (HLA-I) to the cell surface, thereby preventing peptide presentation to CD8(+) T cells, has long been recognized as a paradigm for viral immune evasion. (nih.gov)
Here we show that the interaction between E4orf4 and PP2A is required for induction of apoptosis by the viral protein. (pnas.org)
The B subunit also is replaceable by viral proteins, such as the simian virus 40 small t antigen and the polyomavirus small and middle T antigens ( 13 ). (pnas.org)
The adenovirus (Ad) 14.7-kDa protein, which is called '14.7K,' has been shown to function as a general inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) cytolysis in tissue culture assays, and the effect of this antagonism on viral pathogenesis in vivo has recently been explored. (elsevier.com)
In vitro, enadenotucirev (EnAd), adenovirus 11p and adenovirus 5 decreased the protein expression of HIF-1α only during the late phase of the viral life cycle by transcriptional down-regulation and not post-translational regulation. (mdpi.com)
Data obtained from murine and other animal models have shown that host immune responses to viral and transgene protein products are responsible for eliminating transduced cells and preventing readministration ( 9 , 20-22 , 41-44 ). (asm.org)
One is based on the concept that removal of all coding sequences for viral proteins from the vector backbone renders the vector less immunogenic and restricts the immune response to the injected viral capsid proteins. (asm.org)
Adenovirus-specific CD4+ T cell clones recognizing endogenous antigen inhibit viral replication in vitro through cognate interaction. (springer.com)
Cytoplasmic gene expression and replication, so viral core has to carry all necessary proteins. (brainscape.com)
Lucas A, McFadden G. Secreted immunomodulatory viral proteins as novel biotherapeutics. (springer.com)
This leads to inhibition of viral protein synthesis at the translation initiation step. (asm.org)
Infection of human cells with various types of viruses, including herpesviruses and adenoviruses, strongly induces NKG2DL expression, which often is counteracted by NKG2DL-specific viral immunoevasins ( 7 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
The proteins coded for by genes within these transcription units are mostly involved in regulation of viral transcription, in replication of viral DNA, and in suppression of the host response to infection. (wikipedia.org)
The L1-L5 transcription units are transcribed later in the viral reproductive cycle, and code mostly for proteins that make up components of the viral capsid or are involved in assembly of the capsid. (wikipedia.org)
Encapsidation proteins IVa2, 52K, and L1, and hexon assembly protein 100K are involved in assembly of viral capsids. (wikipedia.org)
The L3 protease cleaves viral precursor proteins pTP, pVI, pVII, pVIII, and IIIa to produce the mature viral proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Control protein E1A activates transcription of a number of viral genes as well as genes of the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
The three proteins coded for by the E2A and E2B transcription units are all involved in replication of viral DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Adenovirus DNA replication begins at each end of the viral DNA, using the TP protein (rather than RNA) as a primer, so the viral DNA polymerase replicates every base of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
The control proteins of the E4 transcription unit are involved in regulating transcription of viral DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The higher viral protein content in HDV-producing cells was also consistent with an increased activation of autophagy and cell death, in which earlier cell death compromised volumetric productivity. (biomedsearch.com)
Lentiviruses are a subclass of retroviruses whose genomes contain additional viral proteins. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Other reasons for these failures include the genetic variability of the viral envelope proteins, which allows the virus to escape neutralizing antibodies, and the difficulty in identifying immunogens and immunization platforms that consistently induce antibodies that can neutralize several HIV clades ( 6 ). (rupress.org)
Several strategies to evade preexisting immunity toward Ad5 have been attempted, including the use of alternative delivery methods ( 21 , 22 ), modification of viral surface proteins ( 23 ), and the use of varied Ad serotypes ( 10 , 24 , 25 ), and each of these has had various levels of success. (asm.org)
In studies comparing these two types of Ads, Ad5[E1−,E2b−] vaccines have been found to promote the decreased expression of viral proteins, persist longer in vivo , and induce less virus-associated toxicity following in vivo administration ( 16 , 28 , 29 ). (asm.org)
The results indicate that BdAdV-1 belongs to the Mastadenovirus genus of the Adenoviridae family, however, it is clearly different from other adenoviruses, especially in the 3'-end of the viral genome. (jcvi.org)
Min forskargrupp arbetar med att generera nytt adenovirus för att vara till nytta för människor, till exempel har replikatorkompetent adenovirusvektor som uttrycker grönt/rött fluorescensprotein (RCAd11pGFP, RCAd11pRFP) tillämpats vid screening av antivirusläkemedel, riktade mot metastaserande cancerceller för att undersöka viral internalisering, förökning, följaktligen dödade cellerna. (umu.se)
Min forskning fokuserade på Adenovirus tropismer och orsakande sjukdomar, främst med fokus på interaktion mellan viral strukturprotein och värdcellreceptorer, vi publicerade några viktiga arbeten, vissa definierar viktig aminosyra av adenoviralt fiberprotein som spelar avgörande roll i viralt inträde av värdceller och hemagglutinationfunktion. (umu.se)
The hAd5-S-Fusion+N-ETSD Vaccine is a human adenovirus serotype 5 (hAd5) vector with E1/E2b/E3 deletions expressing SARS-CoV-2 viral antigen spike fusion protein and nucleocapsid with an enhanced T-cell stimulation domain. (clinicaltrials.gov)
2018. High-definition analysis of host protein stability during human cytomegalovirus infection reveals antiviral factors and viral evasion mechanisms . (cardiff.ac.uk)
We show here that M11L is antiapoptotic when expressed independently of other viral proteins, and is directed specifically to mitochondria by a short COOH-terminal region that is necessary and sufficient for targeting. (rupress.org)
We suggest that apoptosis of tissue macrophages represents an important antiviral defense, and that the inhibition of apoptosis by viral proteins can be directed in a cell-specific fashion. (rupress.org)
A key innate cellular response to infection is apoptosis ( 1 )( 2 )( 3 ), and a growing number of viral antiapoptotic proteins continue to be characterized ( 1 )( 2 )( 4 )( 5 )( 6 ). (rupress.org)
In certain cases, the roles of these viral antiapoptotic proteins have been defined. (rupress.org)
Some, including the viral Fas-associated death domain-like IL-1β-converting enzyme (FLICE) inhibitory proteins (vFLIPs), encoded by many gammaherpesviruses as well as by the molluscum contagiosum poxvirus ( 2 )( 7 ), target the initial signal transduction events leading to apoptosis. (rupress.org)
Viral proteins able to counteract the caspases include p35 of baculovirus, the poxviral serpin CrmA/Spi2, and the E3-14.7K protein of adenovirus ( 2 )( 5 )( 8 ). (rupress.org)
Other viral proteins modulate the cell death checkpoint mediated by the Bcl-2 family of apoptotic regulators. (rupress.org)
Viral proteins such as the Bcl-2 homologues encoded by the lymphotropic gammaherpesviruses, the E1B-19K protein of adenovirus, and the 5-HL protein of African swine fever virus have sequence and/or functional homology to cellular Bcl-2 proteins and are able to abrogate the activity of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members, in some cases by direct physical interaction ( 2 )( 5 )( 7 ). (rupress.org)
It was envisaged that the inability of these recombinant adenoviruses to replicate efficiently would prevent the production of unwanted viral proteins by infected cells, thus limiting both direct adenovirus toxicity and possible harmful consequences of antiadenovirus immune responses. (bmj.com)

E3/49K of Ad19a/Ad64, a serotype that causes epidemic keratokonjunctivitis, is synthesized as a highly glycosylated type I transmembrane protein that is subsequently cleaved resulting in secretion of its large ectodomain (sec49K). (warwick.ac.uk)
We determined the structure of the adenovirus serotype 2 (Ad2, species C) E3-19K-HLA-A2 complex to 1.95-A resolution. (proteopedia.org)
Porcine adenovirus serotype 3 internalization is independent of CAR and avb3 or avb5 integrin.Virology 332:157-166. (purdue.edu)
The study and characterization of recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vaccine platforms, particularly Ad serotype 5 (Ad5) vaccine platforms, are of great interest for their development and clinical application for human vaccination. (asm.org)
Generx is biologically engineered using an E1-region deleted, replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 5 vector to deliver the 621 base pair gene encoding human fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4) under the control of a modified cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. (medindia.net)

Previous work has shown that the adenovirus E1A proteins and cAMP cooperate to induce the accumulation of activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor by activating transcription of the cellular c- fos and junB genes that encode the AP-1 components. (pnas.org)
The induced AP-1 activates transcription of early adenovirus genes through AP-1 and activating transcription factor sites in adenoviral promoters ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
A second alternative in decreasing adenovirus vector immunogenicity and toxicity is based on a gene attenuation strategy wherein the sequential removal of key early genes is anticipated to reduce expression from other essential genes. (asm.org)
Abstract- As distal targets and mediators of signal transduction pathways, activator protein-1 (AP-1), c-Jun, and c-Fos are among the primary regulators of genes involved in cell function, proliferation, and differentiation. (ahajournals.org)
A partial deletion of the adenovirus E3 region, comprising the overlapping 6.7K/gp19K genes, has been described for the incorporation of therapeutic genes in 'armed' oncolytic adenoviruses. (cun.es)
These results suggest that the lack of E3-6.7K/gp19K genes may accelerate the clearance of oncolytic adenoviruses in some immunocompetent tumor models. (cun.es)
CV764 did not have the genome space required to include the entire E3 region, but we wished to retain the specificity of using two independent prostate-specific transcriptional regulatory elements driving the Ad5 E1A and E1B genes. (aacrjournals.org)
Adenovirus genomes are linear, non-segmented double-stranded (ds) DNA molecules that are typically 26-46 Kbp long, containing 23-46 protein-coding genes. (wikipedia.org)
The example used for the following description is Human adenovirus E, a mastadenovirus with a 36 Kbp genome containing 38 protein-coding genes. (wikipedia.org)
While the precise number and identity of genes varies among adenoviruses, the basic principles of genome organization and the functions of most of the genes described in this article are shared among all adenoviruses. (wikipedia.org)
The 38 genes in the Human adenovirus E genome are organized in 17 transcription units, each containing 1-8 coding sequences. (wikipedia.org)
The names, locations, and properties of the 38 protein-coding genes in the Human Adenovirus E genome are given in the following table. (wikipedia.org)
Control protein E1B 55K binds to and inactivates the transcriptional regulator p53, thus blocking transcription of genes normally activated by p53 and contributing to the suppression of apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Heterologous genes are cloned in place of E1, E3 and E4 c. (brainscape.com)
LoxP sites are recognised by cre-recombinase to excise adenovirus genes c. (brainscape.com)
4. The vector according to claim 2 wherein said adenovirus sequences further comprise functional deletions in one or more adenovirus genes selected from the group consisting of: the E2a gene, the E4 gene, the late genes L1 through L5, and the intermediate genes IX and IV a . (google.com)
8. The vector according to claim 5 wherein said reporter gene is selected from the group consisting of the genes encoding β-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase and green fluorescent protein. (google.com)
The invention also includes constructs useful for screening of agents which interact with proteins or genes in the hypoxia-inducible pathway or are jointly translated under hypoxia and animal models useful for monitoring a variety of hypoxic conditions in a non-invasive manner. (freepatentsonline.com)
ROD21 is an excisable pathogenicity island found in the chromosome of S . Enteritidis, S . Dublin and S . Typhi among others, which contain several genes encoding virulence-associated proteins. (prolekare.cz)
In Ad5-gfa2(B)3-E1, the E3 region was deleted to create space for future insertion of heterologous therapeutic genes. (eur.nl)
Strategies to further improve the efficacy of Ad5-gfa2(B)3-E1 for the treatment of malignant gliomas include the insertion of therapeutic genes in E3 or retargeting to receptors that are more abundantly expressed on primary glioma cells than CAR. (eur.nl)
Of these, the ability of adenoviruses to efficiently infect and deliver genes to a range of cells and to be generated to high titres has led to their widespread application. (bmj.com)
4 They have been modified by deletion of the E1 region, which encodes proteins that regulate expression of the other early genes (as well as the late virus structural proteins), thereby rendering virus replication defective. (bmj.com)
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are dimeric proteins that bind to type I and type II BMP receptors, transducing signals through small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)-dependent and -independent pathways to regulate the transcription of BMP target genes ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition to Smad3, accumulating data suggest that protein kinase C (PKC) pathways might converge to modulate TGFβ target genes. (ahajournals.org)

Surprisingly, the endogenous MKRN1 protein underwent proteasomal degradation during the late phase of HAdV-C5 infection in various human cell lines. (asm.org)
Taken together, our results expand the functional repertoire of the HAdV-C5 precursor pVII protein in lytic virus infection and highlight MKRN1 as a potential common target during different virus infections. (asm.org)
This mutual interaction between the pVII and MKRN1 proteins may prime MKRN1 for proteasomal degradation, because the MKRN1 protein is efficiently degraded during the late phase of HAdV-C5 infection. (asm.org)
Protein VII is expressed during the late phase of infection, and it accumulates as a precursor polypeptide, designated the pVII protein ( 4 ). (asm.org)
The adenovirus (Ad) early transcription unit 3 (E3) encodes multiple immunosubversive functions that are presumed to facilitate the establishment and persistence of infection. (nih.gov)
Here we show that while infection with wild-type Ad enhances synthesis of the NKG2D ligands, major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA and MICB), their expression on the cell surface is actively suppressed. (nih.gov)
Full-length E3/49K was not detected in late endosomes/lysosomes but the C-terminal fragment accumulated in this compartment at late times of infection. (warwick.ac.uk)
Microbial infection) Interacts with adenovirus E3 14.7 kDa protein. (rcsb.org)
In this study, oncolytic adenovirus infection foci were found within pimonidazole-reactive, oxygen-poor areas in a colorectal xenograft tumour, where the expression of VEGF , a target gene of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), was attenuated. (mdpi.com)
We hypothesised that adenovirus infection interferes with the HIF-signalling axis in the hypoxic tumour niche, possibly modifying the local vascular supply. (mdpi.com)
Although tumour hypoxia is a feature present in virtually all solid carcinomas, the interplay between adenovirus infection and tumour hypoxia is particularly unexplored in vivo. (mdpi.com)
Monitoring of adenovirus load in stool by real-time PCR permits early detection of impending invasive infection in patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (springer.com)
Adenoviruses use lactoferrin as a bridge for CAR-independent binding to and infection of epithelial cells. (springer.com)
However, the infection of cells expressing SP-C Δexon4 with respiratory syncytial virus resulted in significantly enhanced cytotoxicity associated with accumulation of the mutant proprotein, pronounced activation of the unfolded protein response, and cell death. (rupress.org)
Adenovirus infection inhibits the phosphorylation of major histocompatibility complex class I proteins. (ubc.ca)
More alarmingly, the vaccine appeared to increase the rate of HIV infection in individuals with prior immunity against the adenovirus vector used in the vaccine. (rupress.org)
The scientific community has recently learned that the STEP HIV vaccine trial, which used an rAd5-based vaccine developed by Merck, failed to protect Ad5-seronegative individuals against infection and may even have enhanced infection in vaccinees with prior immunity to adenoviruses ( 23 - 26 ). (rupress.org)
In a mouse model of GSD-II, we demonstrate that infection of the murine liver with a modified adenovirus (Ad) vector encoding human GAA (hGAA) resulted in long-term persistence of the vector in liver tissues for at least 6 months. (unboundmedicine.com)
In vitro hPBMC infection with the Ad5[E1−,E2b−] vaccine also provoked greater Th1-dominant gene responses yet smaller amounts of Ad-derived gene expression than Ad5[E1−] vaccines. (asm.org)
Infection of a GFAP-positive cell line with Ad5-gfa2(B)3-E1 resulted in E1A and E1B expression at 75% and 30% of the levels obtained after wtAd5 infection. (eur.nl)
M11L, a novel 166-amino acid membrane-associated protein expressed by the poxvirus, myxoma virus, was previously found to modulate apoptosis after infection of rabbit leukocytes. (rupress.org)
Antibodies to adenoviruses are common in the human population due to natural infection. (aacrjournals.org)

Interestingly, the cytoplasmic tail of E3/49K contains two potential sorting motifs, YxxΦ and LL that are important for binding the clathrin adaptor proteins AP-1 and AP-2 in vitro. (warwick.ac.uk)
Recently, we extended those studies by semiquantifying the levels of early and late transcripts in an adenovector with a double deletion of E1 and E2a in vitro and in vivo. (asm.org)
In addition, there are methods to study transcription and splicing with in vitro systems and for the adenovirus-mediated transformation of cells to a malignant state. (springer.com)
In vitro experiments indicated that GKRP was able to increase both GK protein and enzymatic activity levels, suggesting that another role for GKRP is to stabilize and/or protect GK. (diabetesjournals.org)
We found that expression of E3 in yeast overcomes the lethal effect of PKR in a manner requiring key residues (Lys-167 and Arg-168) needed for dsRNA binding by E3 in vitro. (asm.org)
Because the E3 N-terminal region does not contribute to dsRNA binding in vitro, it appears that sequestering dsRNA is not the sole function of E3 needed for inhibition of PKR. (asm.org)
In yeast two-hybrid assays and in vitro protein binding experiments, segments of E3 and PKR containing their respective DRBMs interacted in a manner requiring E3 residues Lys-167 and Arg-168. (asm.org)
PKR is activated by dsRNA in vitro, and the N-terminal half of the protein contains two copies of a dsRNA binding motif (DRBM) also present in other dsRNA binding proteins (reviewed in references 11 and 33 ). (asm.org)
To assess whether different SIBLINGs regulate biomineralization in a similar manner, and how phosphorylation impacts their activity, we studied the effects of two SIBLINGs, dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and dentin phosphophoryn (DPP), on mineral morphology and organization in vitro . (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The two dual AAV vector systems evaluated for the delivery of CEP290 were unable to mediate full-length transcript and protein expression in vitro. (ufl.edu)
By using an in vitro assay and a heterologous expression system we showed that the interaction is mediated by the PDZ (PSD95-DlgA-ZO-1) domains of LNX proteins and the cytosolic C-terminal valine motif of CD8α. (biologists.org)

In this study, we show that the HAdV-C5 histone-like core protein pVII binds to and promotes self-ubiquitination of a cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase named MKRN1. (asm.org)
When investigating the mechanisms underlying E4orf4 action, we have found that the E4orf4 protein binds several cellular proteins, one of which is protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) ( 8 ). (pnas.org)
Adenovirus E4orf4, however, is found in a complex with the complete holoenzyme and binds directly to the B55 subunit ( 8 ). (pnas.org)
15 . An antibody which binds to one or more epitopes in human EDG1 protein, wherein said EDG1 protein comprises SEQ ID NO. 2. (google.co.uk)
Upon subcutaneous administration, abaloparatide acts similar to PTHrP and targets, binds to and activates parathyroid hormone 1 (PTH1) receptor (PTH1R), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in osteoblasts and bone stromal cells. (cancer.gov)
E3-19K binds to and retains MHC class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum, suppressing anti-adenovirus activities of T cells. (proteopedia.org)
Ad2 E3-19K binds to the N terminus of the HLA-A2 groove, contacting the alpha1, alpha2 and alpha3 domains and beta(2)m. (proteopedia.org)
VA RNA I , encoded by adenovirus, binds to the DRBMs but fails to activate the enzyme. (asm.org)
Inhibited by human adenovirus E3-19K glycoprotein, which binds the TAP complex and acts as a tapasin inhibitor, preventing MHC class I/TAP association. (uniprot.org)
section describes a region in the protein which binds nucleotide phosphates. (uniprot.org)
E3 link from adenovirus 2 is an immunosubversive protein that binds to a structural motif regulating the intracellular transport of major histocompatibility complex class I proteins. (ubc.ca)

Recently, it has been demonstrated that additional deletion of the E4 region in an E1 deletion background has a major influence on the stability of the adenovirus vector genome in addition to prolonging transgene expression ( 2 , 10 , 16 , 40 ). (asm.org)
14 Shuttle plasmids were cotransfected into CRE8 cells (expressing Cre recombinase) with E1- and E3-deleted adenovirus-5 genome DNA (Ψ5). (ahajournals.org)
The methods range from how to grow and titer adenoviruses and how to construct specific alterations in the adenovirus genome, to how to measure apoptosis induced by cells of the immune system, cytokines, and intrinsic apoptosis effectors. (springer.com)
Among the unusual features of this genome is a remarkably long 4380bp E3 ORF1, that displays no sequence homology with the corresponding E3 regions of other adenoviruses. (jcvi.org)

We previously have shown that adenovirus type 5 E4orf4 protein associates with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and induces apoptosis in transformed cells in a p53-independent manner. (pnas.org)
This conclusion is supported by a mutation analysis of E4orf4 protein, showing a correlation between the ability to bind PP2A and to induce apoptosis, and by the observation that transfection of an antisense construct of the PP2A-B55 subunit reduces expression of the PP2A-B55 subunit and inhibits induction of apoptosis by E4orf4, but not by p53. (pnas.org)
The adenovirus type 5 E4orf4 protein has been shown to affect several cellular processes, including down-regulation of virally induced signal transduction, regulation of gene expression, and induction of apoptosis. (pnas.org)
Recently, we and others have shown that E4orf4 protein induces p53-independent apoptosis in several transformed cell lines ( 5 - 7 ). (pnas.org)
Furthermore, a mutant E4orf4 protein that lost the ability to induce apoptosis also has lost its ability to bind PP2A ( 5 ). (pnas.org)
Optineurin interacts with adenovirus E3-14.7K protein and may utilize tumor necrosis factor-alpha or Fas-ligand pathways to mediate apoptosis, inflammation or vasoconstriction. (wikipedia.org)
They achieve this by a number of mechanisms, including direct lysis, apoptosis, expression of toxic proteins, autophagy and shut-down of protein synthesis, as well as the induction of anti-tumoral immunity. (mdpi.com)
Control protein E1B 19K suppresses apoptosis by mimicking the action of cellular protein Bcl-2. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane protein E3 RID-alpha and membrane protein E3 RID-beta performs a variety of molecular functions that contribute to inhibiting apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
1992 ) Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. (biologists.org)
M11L blocks staurosporine-induced apoptosis by preventing mitochondria from undergoing a permeability transition, and the mitochondrial localization of this protein is essential for this function. (rupress.org)
The baculovirus inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are another class of proteins implicated in the regulation of caspase activation, a function that may be linked to their ability to counter the effects of the proapoptotic proteins RPR, GRIM, HID, and DOOM in insect cells ( 9 ). (rupress.org)
The results of electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that overexpression of SERCA2a attenuated the upregulation of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB and activator protein‑1 (AP‑1) DNA‑binding activities induced by TM or H/R. Western blot analysis and semi‑quantitative RT‑PCR revealed that the overexpression of SERCA2a attenuated the activation of the inositol‑requiring 1α (IRE1α) signaling pathway and ERS‑associated apoptosis induced by TM. (spandidos-publications.com)

CV787, a novel highly prostate-specific replication-competent adenovirus with improved efficacy, was constructed. (aacrjournals.org)
To explore the applicability of the live rAd platform to other pathogens, we constructed replication-competent adenovirus recombinants that make novel use of the high-level gene expression characteristic of the adenovirus major late transcriptional unit (MLTU) to produce papillomavirus L1 proteins ( 4 ). (asm.org)

In functional assays, deletion of E3/19K rendered Ad-infected cells more sensitive to NK cell recognition. (nih.gov)
This study suggests that the additional deletion of E4 in an E1 and E2a deletion background may be beneficial in decreasing immunogenicity and improving safety and toxicity profiles, as well as increasing transgene capacity and expression for liver-directed gene therapy. (asm.org)
Furthermore, it is controversial whether adenoviruses with a deletion in the E1B-55 kDa-coding region might selectively replicate in cells with a mutation or deletion of the p53 gene and, therefore, represent a tool in cancer therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
3. The vector according to claim 2 wherein said adenovirus sequences further comprise a functional deletion in the E1 gene. (google.com)
Experiments with d17001, an E3-deleted variant of wtAd5, confirmed that the specificity of Ad5-gfa2(B)3-E1 replication was based on the promoter driving E1 and not on the E3 deletion. (eur.nl)

As an initial effort to define the function of the E3-10.9K ORF, we carried out a biochemical characterization of E3-10.9K-encoded orthologous proteins and investigated their expression in infected cells. (elsevier.com)
Irvin, "Purification and Partial Characterization of the Antiviral Protein from Phytolacca americana Which Inhibits Eukaryotic Protein Synthesis," Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 169: 522-528, 1975. (patentgenius.com)
Purification and partial characterization of another form of the antiviral protein from the seeds of Phytolacca americana L. (pokeweed)," Biochem. (patentgenius.com)

The structural requirements within E3/19K necessary to sequester MICA/B and HLA-I are similar. (nih.gov)
Frietze, KM , Campos, SK & Kajon, AE 2010, ' Open reading frame E3-10.9K of subspecies B1 human adenoviruses encodes a family of late orthologous proteins that vary in their predicted structural features and subcellular localization ', Journal of virology , vol. 84, no. 21, pp. 11310-11322. (elsevier.com)
This was consistent with an upregulation of the Ad polymerase and pre-terminal protein and led to higher and earlier expression of structural proteins. (biomedsearch.com)
6 , 8 , 11 - 13 This freedom of interaction is believed to be the structural basis of the multifunctionality of SIBLING proteins. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

In addition, this protein is involved in vesicle transport into the endoplasmic reticulum. (genecards.org)
Expression of TAP1 is down-regulated by human Epstein-Barr virus vIL-10 protein, thereby affecting the transport of peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent peptide loading by MHC class I molecules. (uniprot.org)
This protein forms a heterodimer with ABCB2 in order to transport peptides from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum. (genecards.org)

Here we report the identification of several cellular proteins interacting with the precursor pVII protein. (asm.org)
E3/49K is localized in the Golgi/trans-Golgi-network (TGN), early endosomes and on the plasma membrane, yet the cellular compartment where E3/49K is cleaved and the protease involved remained elusive. (warwick.ac.uk)
EGFP-tagged E3-4.8K, which lacked the hydrophobic domain, displayed diffuse cellular localization similar to that of the EGFP control. (elsevier.com)
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to amino acid availability through regulation of the mTORC1 signaling cascade. (rcsb.org)
May alternatively act as a cellular target for adenovirus E3-14.7K, an inhibitor of TNF -alpha functions, thereby affecting cell death. (rcsb.org)
Optineurin may also function in cellular morphogenesis and membrane trafficking, vesicle trafficking, and transcription activation through its interactions with the RAB8, huntingtin, and transcription factor IIIA proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Poxvirus tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-like T2 proteins contain a conserved preligand assembly domain that inhibits cellular TNFR1-induced cell death. (springer.com)
The induction of a strong cellular response by the recombinant indicates that live adenovirus recombinants have potential as vaccines for those agents. (asm.org)
ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. (genecards.org)
The prevalent cellular IKK complex contains three components, two kinases, IKKα (also called IKK1) and IKKβ (also called IKK2) and the noncatalytic IKKγ (also called NEMO) protein. (asm.org)
Intrinsic protein-sorting signals and cellular machineries able to decode them regulate traffic along the two routes. (biologists.org)

Type III integral membrane proteins are oriented in the membrane with their C-terminus in the cytoplasm and their N-terminus extracytoplasmic. (elsevier.com)
However, type III proteins are relatively rare, and information about their putative signal-anchor (SA) domains is scant. (elsevier.com)
gp19K is a type I integral membrane protein that is known to form a complex with class I antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). (elsevier.com)
The results also show that the signal for a type III membrane protein can direct a type I protein into the ER membrane. (elsevier.com)
The vector used for this trial was based on human adenovirus type 5, deleted in E1 and E4, and contained human OTC cDNA. (nih.gov)
Hara J, Okamoto S, Minekawa Y, Yamazaki K, Kase T. Survival and disinfection of adenovirus type 19 and enterovirus 70 in ophthalmic practice. (springer.com)
p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. (uniprot.org)
Sequence and functional analysis of the human adenovirus type 7 E3-gp19K protein from 17 clinical isolates. (ebi.ac.uk)
The wild-type human adenovirus 5 (Ad5) or a modified version containing the luciferase gene in the E3-6.7K/gp19K locus (Ad-WTLuc) were injected intratumorally. (cun.es)
Adenovirus type 5 expresses proteins that regulate the activity and stability of the tumor suppressor p53. (aacrjournals.org)
CV787 contains the prostate-specific rat probasin promoter, driving the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E1A gene, and the human prostate-specific enhancer/promoter, driving the E1B gene. (aacrjournals.org)
CV787 replicates in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) + cells as well as wild-type adenovirus, but in PSA − cells, CV787 replicates 10 4 -10 5 times less efficiently. (aacrjournals.org)
Full length human M-CSF transcripts encode a 522 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane (TM) protein with a 464 aa extracellular region, a 21 aa TM domain, and a 37 aa cytoplasmic tail that forms a 140 kDa covalent dimer. (rndsystems.com)
A cell line generated from human embryonic kidney cells that were tranformed with human adenovirus type 5. (bioportfolio.com)
Live adenovirus vaccines have been used by the United States military for decades to prevent adenovirus type 4 (Ad4)- and Ad7-induced severe upper respiratory disease in recruits ( 1 ). (asm.org)
The homology with bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAdV-3) proved low. (usda.gov)
Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C also known as PTPRC is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] CD45 is a type I transmembrane protein that is present in various isoforms on all differentiated hematopoietic cells (except erythrocytes and plasma cells). (wikipedia.org)
SP-C (surfactant protein C) is a transmembrane protein that is synthesized as a 191- or 197-amino acid proprotein by type II epithelial cells of the lung. (rupress.org)
Bovine adenovirus type 3 internalization is independent of primary receptors of human adenovirus type 5 and porcine adenovirus type 3. (purdue.edu)
The death in the USA of an 18 year old with ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency after intrahepatic arterial injection of an adenovirus vector carrying a wild-type version of the defective enzyme has precipitated a flurry of reports and congressional hearings focusing on the ethics of such trials and on the very nature of clinical research itself. (bmj.com)
Single- pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasm Note=Expressed on the cell surface in gastric epithelium, endothelial cells and fibroblasts and in the cytoplasm in keratinocytes and monocytes. (avivasysbio.com)

9 . The isolated protein of claim 7 wherein said protein is a functional equivalent of said EDG1 protein and inhibits proliferation of MCF7 cells. (google.co.uk)
A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T-cells and, upon activation by adenosine, inhibits their proliferation and activation. (cancer.gov)
The human double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase PKR inhibits protein synthesis by phosphorylating translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). (asm.org)
Vaccinia virus E3L encodes a dsRNA binding protein that inhibits PKR in virus-infected cells, presumably by sequestering dsRNA activators. (asm.org)
Expression of PKR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae inhibits protein synthesis by phosphorylation of eIF2α, dependent on its two dsRNA binding motifs (DRBMs). (asm.org)
Membrane glycoprotein E3 gp19K inhibits the insertion of class I MHC proteins in the host-cell membrane, thereby preventing T-cell lymphocytes from recognizing that the host cell has been infected by a virus. (wikipedia.org)
1988 ) A 14,700 MW protein from the E3 region of adenovirus inhibits cytolysis by tumor necrosis factor. (biologists.org)

A soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of human cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) linked to a modified Fc (hinge, CH2, and CH3 domains) portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with immunosuppressive activity. (cancer.gov)
Disclosed is an isolated antigen binding protein, such as but not limited to, an antibody or antibody fragment. (patents.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is involved in antigen presentation. (genecards.org)
The large T antigen encoded by SV40 or polyoma viruses inactivates several key proteins involved in cell cycle regulation ( DeCaprio, 1999 ). (embopress.org)

We propose that effective inhibition of PKR in yeast requires formation of an E3-PKR-dsRNA complex, in which the N-terminal half of E3 physically interacts with the protein kinase domain of PKR. (asm.org)
It interacts with the E1B 19 kDa protein, which protects cells from virally-induced cell death. (genecards.org)
The encoded protein also interacts with E1B 19 kDa-like sequences of BCL2, another apoptotic protector. (genecards.org)

The present invention provides a hybrid vector construct which comprises a portion of an adenovirus, 5' and 3' ITR sequences from an AAV, and a selected transgene. (google.com)

Toxicity and immunity associated with adenovirus backbone gene expression is an important hurdle to overcome for successful gene therapy. (asm.org)

A. phagocytophilum induces ticks to express Ixodes scapularis antifreeze glycoprotein (iafgp), which encodes a protein with several properties, including the ability to alter bacterial biofilm formation. (diva-portal.org)
The Adenoviral early glycoprotein E1a but not the E3/19k gene is amplified in frozen lung tissue from patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Syndrome. (ubc.ca)

The 6.7K-gp19K fusion protein lacks the gp19K signal sequence. (elsevier.com)
E3-gp19K and 6.7K proteins are involved in avoiding recognition and elimination of infected cells by the host immune system. (cun.es)

By using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we show that overexpression of AP-1 proteins directly causes coinduction of gene expression of an adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and a chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in human vascular endothelial cells (ECs). (ahajournals.org)
What is a feature of the gutless adenovirus expression vector? (brainscape.com)
1993 ) Expression of Drosophila glass protein and evidence for negative regulation of its activity in non-neuronal cells by another DNA-binding protein. (biologists.org)
In particular, stable expression of the herpesvirus saimiri Bcl-2 protein in Jurkat lymphocytes has been shown to prevent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation after ligation of the Fas receptor ( 14 ). (rupress.org)
Adenovirus‑mediated recombinant BMP7 expression enhanced osteogenesis‑associated gene expression, calcium deposition, and alkaline phosphatase activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
A nonreplicating adenovirus vector encoding β-galactosidase (rAd-βgal) was administered intravenously to determine the relationship between circulating AdNAb titer and vector gene expression in the liver. (aacrjournals.org)
The CMV promoter is capable of driving high levels of transgene protein expression in transfected cells for up to approximately four weeks. (medindia.net)
Finally, restoring Smad3 in rottlerin-treated A10 and PKCδ null cells rescues the ability of TGFβ to upregulate FN protein and mRNA expression. (ahajournals.org)
However, the mechanism by which TGFβ regulates gene expression of the matrix protein fibronectin remains in question. (ahajournals.org)

MHC residue 56 influences the immunomodulatory function of E3-19K. (jimmunol.org)
The E3 transcription unit of human species C adenoviruses (Ads) encodes immunomodulatory proteins that mediate direct protection of infected cells. (warwick.ac.uk)
Our structure is important for understanding the immunomodulatory function of E3-19K. (proteopedia.org)

IMPORTANCE Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common pathogens causing a wide range of diseases. (asm.org)
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common pathogens, and their infections cause a wide range of diseases, including respiratory illness, keratoconjunctivitis, and gastroenteritis ( 1 , 2 ). (asm.org)
Adenoviruses (HAdVs) are nonenveloped lytic DNA viruses with 67 different human serotypes. (springer.com)
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) contain linear, double-stranded DNA with an average genomic length of 35 kbp. (cdc.gov)

Surprisingly, even strong overexpression of p53 or p53mt24-28 allowed the virus to replicate as efficiently as in the absence of p53 proteins, both in tumor cells and in primary endothelial cells. (aacrjournals.org)
In an in vivo ectopic bone formation model, the adenovirus‑mediated overexpression of BMP7 enhanced bone formation from CD105+ hDDFCs. (spandidos-publications.com)
Inhibition of PKCδ activity by rottlerin or dominant-negative adenovirus (AdPKCδ DN) blocked TGFβ1's induction of FN, whereas overexpression of PKCδ enhanced TGFβ's effect. (ahajournals.org)

Oncolytic adenoviruses act by replicating within and lysing tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of anti-adenovirus neutralizing antibodies (AdNAbs) on the distribution, tolerability, and efficacy of intravenously administered oncolytic adenovirus. (aacrjournals.org)

Subspecies B1 human adenoviruses (HAdV-B1s) are important causative agents of acute respiratory disease, but the molecular bases of their distinct pathobiology are still poorly understood. (elsevier.com)
Species-specific identification of human adenoviruses by a multiplex PCR assay. (springer.com)

A , Solutions of E3-19K (3.25-150 nM) were injected through the control (immobilized biotin) and sample flow cells. (jimmunol.org)
Based on these data, we propose that the pVII protein binding promotes MKRN1 self-ubiquitination, followed by proteasomal degradation of the MKRN1 protein, in HAdV-C5-infected cells. (asm.org)
In addition, we show that measles virus and vesicular stomatitis virus infections reduce the MKRN1 protein accumulation in the recipient cells. (asm.org)
Since MKRN1 protein accumulation is also reduced in measles virus- and vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells, our results signify the general strategy of viruses to target MKRN1. (asm.org)
A C-terminally hemagglutinin-tagged version of E3-9K was detected by immunoprecipitation at late times postinfection in the membrane fraction of mutant virus-infected cells. (elsevier.com)
This vector was generated by transfection of a plasmid carrying the full-length vector sequence into A30.S8 cells that express E1 and E2a but not E4. (asm.org)
in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) the ubiquitination is proposed to regulate POU5F1 protein level. (uniprot.org)
16 The adenoviruses were plaque-purified, amplified, and titered in 293 cells. (ahajournals.org)
Tumors were established by intrahepatic injection of pancreatic cancer cells with moderate (HaP-T1, HP-1) or low (H2T) permissivity for adenovirus replication. (cun.es)
Mammalian PKR is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase that is transcriptionally induced by interferon and becomes activated in virus-infected cells by dsRNAs produced during the virus life cycle. (asm.org)
It is the longest protein and migrates at 200 kDa when isolated from T cells. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, CD45 was shown to be the target of the species D adenovirus 19a E3/49K protein to inhibit the activation of NK and T cells. (wikipedia.org)
The baculovirus P35 protein functions to prevent apoptotic death of infected cells. (biologists.org)
5 gene of herpes simplex virus 1 precludes neuroblastoma cells from triggering total shutoff of protein synthesis characteristic of programmed cell death in neuronal cells. (biologists.org)
1991 ) The E1B-19K protein of group C adenoviruses prevents cytolysis by tumor necrosis factor of human cells but not mouse cells. (biologists.org)
Using cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) derived from multiple human donors, we found that Ad5[E1−,E2b−] vaccines trigger higher levels of hPBMC proinflammatory cytokine secretion than Ad5[E1−] vaccines. (asm.org)
Cell viability assays showed efficient elimination of GFAP-positive cells by Ad5-gfa2(B)3-E1, in some cell lines as efficiently as wtAd5, while the elimination was attenuated in GFAP-negative cell lines. (eur.nl)
Gelonin, a New Inhibitor of Protein Synthesis, Nontoxic to Intact Cells," Journal of Biological Chemistry 255(14): 6947-6953, 1980. (patentgenius.com)
Both of these viruses have been engineered to stimulate an immune response against cancer cells that express a protein called MAGE-A3, but the Maraba virus also achieves an extra layer of anti-cancer activity by replicating inside many kinds of cancer cells and killing them directly. (eurekalert.org)
In the present study, human dermal‑derived CD105+ fibroblast cells (CD105+ hDDFCs) were isolated from human foreskin specimens using immunomagnetic isolation methods to examine the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‑7 in osteogenic differentiation. (spandidos-publications.com)
In unstimulated cells, NF-κB proteins are sequestered by the small cytosolic IκB molecules α, β, and ε or by the precursor proteins NF-κB1/p105 and NF-κB2/p100 ( 24 , 36 ). (asm.org)
The Generx FGF-4 transgene has been engineered to include a signal peptide, which enables effective secretion from cells that express the protein (such as cardiac myocytes). (medindia.net)
Generx is distributed into the microvascular pathways of the heart, and transfects cardiac cells by binding to cell surface coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptors (CAR). (medindia.net)
Methods and Results- TGFβ1 elicited a time-dependent induction of FN protein and mRNA in A10 rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs). (ahajournals.org)
Furthermore, we found that Smad3 protein and mRNA were markedly reduced in AdPKCδ DN-treated A10 cells and in PKCδ null cells. (ahajournals.org)
Both LNX mRNAs were found expressed in T cells purified from human blood, and both proteins interacted with CD8α in human HPB-ALL T cells. (biologists.org)

Adenoviruses from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals, including two strains that represent new candidate serotypes Ad50 and Ad51 of species B1 and D, respectively. (springer.com)
New adenovirus species found in a patient presenting with gastroenteritis. (springer.com)
conservation of some of these determinants in E3-19K proteins of different species and MHC I molecules of different loci suggests a universal binding mode for all E3-19K proteins. (proteopedia.org)

Control protein E3 14.7K protects the virus from host antiviral responses. (wikipedia.org)
The human homologue was obtained by biochemical purification of the IKK complex and microsequencing ( 26 , 31 ) and cloned as an adenovirus (Ad E3-14.7K)-interacting protein ( 21 ). (asm.org)

MHC residue 56 modulates the interaction with E3-19K. (jimmunol.org)

These data suggest a role for ORF E3-10.9K-encoded proteins at late stages of HAdV-B1 replication, with potentially important functional implications for the documented ORF polymorphism. (elsevier.com)
3 . An isolated polynucleotide comprising a sequence which encodes EDG1 protein or a functional equivalent thereof, wherein said EDG1 protein comprises SEQ ID NO. 2, and wherein said functional equivalent comprises a sequence which is at least 85% identical to SEQ ID NO. 2. (google.co.uk)
4 . The isolated polynucleotide of claim 3 wherein the functional equivalent is immunologically cross reactive with an antibody raised using said EDG1 protein as an immunogen. (google.co.uk)
11 . A polypeptide which comprises a contiguous sequence within SEQ ID NO. 2, wherein said contiguous sequence is at least 8 amino acids in length, and wherein said polypeptide is a functional equivalent of human EDG1 protein. (google.co.uk)
The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. (genecards.org)
This conclusion was supported by the fact that E3 activity was antagonized, not augmented, by overexpressing the catalytically defective PKR-K296R protein containing functional DRBMs. (asm.org)

Three hypothetical proteins were predicted. (jcvi.org)

In addition to its effect on transcription and translation, E4orf4 has been reported to affect differential splicing of adenovirus late mRNA ( 4 ). (pnas.org)
Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein H (CREBH) was identified as a liver-specific bZIP transcription factor [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
1 Although nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been shown to play a pivotal role in EC activation, 2 3 4 increasing evidence indicates the importance of the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) in endothelial homeostasis and dysfunction. (ahajournals.org)
The IκB kinase (IKK) complex mediates activation of transcription factor NF-κB by phosphorylation of IκB proteins. (asm.org)

In this context, Bcl-2 proteins are believed to regulate the mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) pore and thereby control the release of cytochrome c and other proteins from within mitochondria into the cytoplasm. (rupress.org)

This gene contains 34 exons, producing a massive protein with extracellular and cytoplasmic domains that are both unusually large. (wikipedia.org)
These extremely acidic and highly phosphorylated extracellular proteins play critical roles in the formation of collagenous mineralized tissues. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Objective- The purpose of these studies is to investigate the mechanism by which transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 regulates the synthesis of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (FN). (ahajournals.org)
Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins play an important role in intimal hyperplasia by contributing up to 80% of the mass in a restenotic plaque. (ahajournals.org)

We provide experimental evidence that the precursor pVII protein binding enhances MKRN1 self-ubiquitination, whereas the processed mature VII protein is deficient in this function. (asm.org)
Precursor pVII protein undergoes site-specific Avp-dependent cleavage to form mature VII protein during the final steps of virus maturation ( 5 - 9 ). (asm.org)
A plasma protein which is the precursor of kallikrein. (bioportfolio.com)
The sequence revealed two open-reading frames that mapped to pVIII hexon-associated protein precursor and fiber protein of several other adenoviruses. (usda.gov)

The other tool is an antibody which is immunospecific for the EDG1 protein. (google.co.uk)
12 . The polypeptide of claim 11 wherein said polypeptide is immunologically cross-reactive with an antibody raised using EDG1 protein as an antibody. (google.co.uk)
This antibody is purified through a protein A column, followed by peptide affinity purification. (avivasysbio.com)
Rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against a full-length human OPTN protein. (abnova.com)

In the latter case, the N-terminal half of E3 interacted with the kinase domain of PKR, dependent on E3 residue Trp-66. (asm.org)
These proteins include the nicotinic AChR or, less frequently, a muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) involved in AChR clustering. (jci.org)
Investigation of the underlying mechanisms showed that BMP7 activated small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) and p38/mitogen‑activated protein kinase signaling in CD105+ hDDFCs. (spandidos-publications.com)

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. (uniprot.org)
As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. (genecards.org)

Conversely, multiply deleted recombinant Ads have further removal of early gene regions, such as E2b (Ad5[E1−,E2b−]), a gene that typically encodes the DNA polymerase and preterminal region of Ad5 ( 1 , 27 ). (asm.org)

To further explore the physiological role of GKRP in vivo, we used an E1/E2a/E3-deficient adenoviral vector containing the cDNA encoding human GKRP (Av3hGKRP). (diabetesjournals.org)
Adenovirus-Mediated Transfer of a Rcombinant .alpha.1-Antitrypsin Gene to the Lung Epithelium in Vivo," Science 252: 431-434, 1991. (patentgenius.com)
While the lack of individual SIBLINGs causes significant mineralization defects in vivo , none of them led to a complete cessation of mineralization suggesting that these proteins have overlapping functions. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
A xenograft tumor-bearing nude mouse model was developed to assess how a similar in vivo titer would impact the activity of 01/PEME, an oncolytic adenovirus, after intravenous administration. (aacrjournals.org)

Adenoviruses are common pathogens in vertebrates, infecting a wide range of hosts, but only having rarely been detected and correlated with disease in cetaceans. (jcvi.org)

Inhibition of TNF activities by using modulatory recombinant proteins has become a successful therapeutic approach to control TNF activity levels but these anti-TNF reagents also have risks and certain limitations. (springer.com)
Therefore, modeling the effect of preexisting adenovirus immunity on systemic administration of therapeutic adenoviruses is challenging. (aacrjournals.org)

Adenovirus receptors and their implications in gene delivery. (purdue.edu)
The vFLIPs specifically disrupt signaling by the Fas/TNF family of death receptor proteins by preventing complete assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex on the cytoplasmic domains of these receptors after activation. (rupress.org)

Bovine adenoviral vector-based H5N1 influenza vaccine overcomes exceptionally high levels of pre-existing immunity against human adenovirus. (purdue.edu)

By analyzing a range of cell lines and viruses carrying mutated versions of the E3 gene region, E3/19K was identified as the gene responsible for this activity. (nih.gov)

Marked differences in genetic content between HAdV-B1s and the well-characterized HAdV-Cs that may contribute to distinct pathogenic properties map to the E3 region. (elsevier.com)
To improve efficacy, we constructed CV787 such that it also contains the entire Ad5 E3 region. (aacrjournals.org)
Incorporation of the Ad5 E3 region significantly improves the target cell killing ability or efficacy of CV787. (aacrjournals.org)
To improve efficacy by systemic i.v. administration, we, led by preliminary evidence (data not shown), restored the Ad5 E3 region (nucleotides 28133-30818). (aacrjournals.org)
Thus, we constructed CV787 using the rat probasin prostate-specific promoter (26 , 27 , 28) , driving the E1A gene, and the PSE, driving the E1B gene, and retained the entire Ad5 E3 region. (aacrjournals.org)
The E3 region was not found between the gene for pVIII and fiber. (usda.gov)
Naive T lymphocytes are typically positive for CD45RA, which includes only the A protein region. (wikipedia.org)
1991 ) The 10,400-and 14,500-dalton proteins encoded by region E3 of adenovirus function together to protect many but not all mouse cell lines against lysis by tumor necrosis factor. (biologists.org)
In this construct, the E1 region is under control of the tissue-specific GFAP promoter (gfa2) with three additional copies of the glial specific 'B' enhancer. (eur.nl)
The component of the mitochondrial outer membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. (broadinstitute.org)

B , A plot of binding responses measured at equilibrium vs concentration of E3-19K. (jimmunol.org)
The immunization of macaques induced vigorous humoral responses to adenovirus capsid and nonstructural proteins, although, surprisingly, not against HPV L1. (asm.org)
In contrast, immunization elicited strong T-cell responses to HPV VLPs as well as adenovirus virions. (asm.org)
Evaluation of Cross-Reactive Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses among Human, Bovine and Porcine Adenoviruses. (purdue.edu)
Even in the presence of anti-Ad5 immunity, recent murine and human studies have confirmed E2b gene-deleted Ad5 (Ad5[E1−,E2b−]) vaccines to be highly efficacious inducers of transgene-specific memory responses and significantly less toxic options than Ad5[E1−] vaccines. (asm.org)

Thus, E3/19K has a dual function: inhibition of T-cell recognition and NK cell activation. (nih.gov)
Together with immunofluorescence data, we propose a model for intracellular E3/49K transport whereby cleavage takes place on the cell surface by matrix-metalloproteases. (warwick.ac.uk)
Production was subsequently performed in an E1-, E2a-, and E4-complementing cell line. (asm.org)
In Adenovirus Methods and Protocols, William S.M. Wold has organized a collection of readily reproducible methods for conducting research with adenoviruses, the premier and most widely used model in cell and molecular biology. (springer.com)
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (rndsystems.com)
In the β-cell, GK activity is largely regulated by transcriptional mechanisms ( 1 , 2 ), whereas in the liver, GK activity is also acutely regulated by its binding to the GK regulatory protein (GKRP), localized within the nucleus ( 11 , 12 , 13 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
They require a cell line with helper proteins to assist packaging d. (brainscape.com)
Q-PCR showed that Ad5-gfa2(B)3-E1 replicated 4.5 times more efficiently in the GFAP-positive than in the GFAP-negative cell lines. (eur.nl)
2015. Plasma membrane profiling defines an expanded class of cell surface proteins selectively targeted for degradation by HCMV US2 in cooperation with UL141 . (cardiff.ac.uk)
MICA is the higly polymorphic MHC (HLA) class I chain-related gene A. The protein product is expressed on the cell surface, although unlike canonical class I molecules does not seem to associate with beta-2-microglobulin. (avivasysbio.com)
In this study, we identified the human T-cell co-receptor CD8 α-chain as binding partner of the ligand of Numb proteins X1 (LNX1p80 isoform) and X2 (LNX2). (biologists.org)

Such proteins are believed to have an internal hydrophobic sequence that functions both as an uncleaved signal for membrane insertion and also to anchor the protein in the membrane. (elsevier.com)
Sequence-based predictions suggested that E3-10.9K orthologs with a hydrophobic domain are integral membrane proteins. (elsevier.com)
Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed. (uniprot.org)
Phylogenomic analysis of the complete sequence of a gastroenteritis-associated cetacean adenovirus (bottlenose dolphin adenovirus 1) reveals a high degree of genetic divergence. (jcvi.org)
This article describes the first complete genomic sequence of a cetacean adenovirus, bottlenose dolphin adenovirus 1 (BdAdV-1), detected in captive bottlenose dolphin population (Tursiops truncatus) suffering from self-limiting gastroenteritis. (jcvi.org)
The phylogenetic analysis indicates that the closest known relative to BdAdV-1 is an adenovirus detected in bottlenose dolphin (KR024710), with an amino acid sequence identity between 36 and 79% depending on the protein. (jcvi.org)

We show that phosphorylation has a profound effect on the regulation of mineralization by both proteins. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

These results suggest that Ad5[E1−,E2b−] vaccines, in contrast to Ad5[E1−] vaccines, do not promote activities that suppress innate immune signaling, thereby allowing for improved vaccine efficacy and a superior safety profile independently of previous Ad5 immunity. (asm.org)
A similar titer reconstituted in the nude mice with human serum, as was done in the SCID/beige mice, did not abrogate the antitumor efficacy of the replicating adenovirus after intravenous administration. (aacrjournals.org)
In this study, we developed a model to test whether or not preexisting humoral immunity representative of that found in the general population would be sufficient to neutralize the antitumor efficacy of a replicating oncolytic adenovirus. (aacrjournals.org)
We wished to model the effect of preexisting humoral immunity to adenovirus on antitumor efficacy of an oncolytic adenovirus. (aacrjournals.org)
A human tumor xenograft nude mouse model was developed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of human AdNAbs on the antitumor efficacy of an oncolytic adenovirus administered by the intravenous route. (aacrjournals.org)

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. (rndsystems.com)

Live recombinant adenoviruses (rAds) used in a similar manner might prove to be powerful tools for immunization against other pathogens, especially in low-resource settings. (asm.org)

Anatomy16

Organisms29

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs89

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes67

Information Science3

Development of porcine adenovirus-3 as an expression vector. (1/171)

Transcription mapping and characterization of 284R and 121R proteins produced from early region 3 of bovine adenovirus type 3. (2/171)

Novel role for E4 region genes in protection of adenovirus vectors from lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (3/171)

Cutting edge: adenovirus E19 has two mechanisms for affecting class I MHC expression. (4/171)

Mucosal immunization of calves with recombinant bovine adenovirus-3: induction of protective immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1. (5/171)

Generation of an adenovirus vector lacking E1, e2a, E3, and all of E4 except open reading frame 3. (6/171)

Novel expression of mouse adenovirus type 1 early region 3 gp11K at late times after infection. (7/171)

Reduced toxicity, attenuated immunogenicity and efficient mediation of human p53 gene expression in vivo by an adenovirus vector with deleted E1-E3 and inactivated E4 by GAL4-TATA promoter replacement. (8/171)

Adenovirus E1A Proteins

Adenoviruses, Human

Adenovirus E4 Proteins

Adenovirus E1B Proteins

Adenovirus Early Proteins

Adenovirus E3 Proteins

Adenoviridae

Adenovirus Infections, Human

Adenovirus E2 Proteins

Adenoviridae Infections

Adenovirus E1 Proteins

Oncogene Proteins, Viral

Genetic Vectors

HeLa Cells

Cell Line

Mastadenovirus

Adenoviruses, Canine

Molecular Sequence Data

Transcription, Genetic

Genes, Viral

DNA, Viral

Cell Transformation, Viral

E1A-Associated p300 Protein

Promoter Regions, Genetic

Transcription Factors

Base Sequence

DNA-Binding Proteins

Transfection

Gene Expression Regulation, Viral

Retinoblastoma Protein

Antigens, Viral, Tumor

Virus Replication

Transcription Factor DP1

Adenoviruses, Porcine

Viral Proteins

Aviadenovirus

Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1

Genetic Therapy

Nuclear Proteins

E2F Transcription Factors

Fowl adenovirus A

Gene Transfer Techniques

Transcriptional Activation

Amino Acid Sequence

Mutation

Capsid Proteins

Plasmids

Gene Expression Regulation

Trans-Activators

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Protein Binding

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Simian virus 40

Binding Sites

Cell Line, Transformed

Receptors, Virus

Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Oncolytic Virotherapy

Activating Transcription Factors

RNA, Messenger

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Oncolytic Viruses

Keratoconjunctivitis

Transduction, Genetic

Cell Nucleus

Retinoblastoma-Like Protein p107

CREB-Binding Protein

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic

Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase

Cells, Cultured

Apoptosis

DNA Replication

Papillomavirus E7 Proteins

Gene Expression

E2F1 Transcription Factor

Repressor Proteins

RNA, Viral

Oncogenes

KB Cells

Conjunctivitis, Viral