AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
Adenosine DeaminaseAdenosine Deaminase InhibitorsAdenosineNucleoside DeaminasesCoformycinAMP DeaminasePentostatinReceptor, Adenosine A2AAdenosine KinaseReceptor, Adenosine A1Cytidine DeaminaseDeoxyadenosinesInosineReceptors, Purinergic P1Receptor, Adenosine A3Cytosine DeaminaseDCMP DeaminaseReceptor, Adenosine A2BRibonucleosidesGuanine DeaminaseReceptors, Adenosine A2XanthinesAdenosine A2 Receptor AntagonistsTuberculosis, PleuralTubercidin5'-NucleotidaseAdenosine A2 Receptor AgonistsNucleotide DeaminasesPurinergic P1 Receptor AntagonistsAdenosine A1 Receptor AntagonistsRNA EditingAdenosine A1 Receptor AgonistsPurinergic P1 Receptor AgonistsPhenylisopropyladenosinePurine-Nucleoside PhosphorylaseAdenosine MonophosphateAminohydrolasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesAdenineDeaminationTheophylline2-ChloroadenosinePleural EffusionDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide)Deoxyadenine NucleotidesSevere Combined ImmunodeficiencyPurine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsReceptors, PurinergicNucleotidasesElectrophoresis, Starch GelAdenine NucleotidesHydroxymethylbilane SynthaseAdenosylhomocysteinasePurinesHypoxanthinesHypoxanthinePentosyltransferasesPhenethylaminesKineticsClinical Enzyme TestsNucleosidesCyclic AMPCarbon-Carbon LyasesPurine NucleosidesLeukemia, LymphoidErythrocytesAdenosine A3 Receptor AntagonistsDipyridamolePericarditis, TuberculousBase SequenceMolecular Sequence DataThioinosineThreonine DehydrataseCell LineAdenosine A3 Receptor AgonistsCells, CulturedPeritonitis, TuberculousFlucytosineDeoxyribonucleosidesDideoxyadenosineFormycinsVidarabineS-AdenosylhomocysteineLymphocytesInosine MonophosphatePurinergic AntagonistsTetrahydrouridineRNA, Double-StrandedDNAPigmentation DisordersSomatic Hypermutation, ImmunoglobulinMutationGenesGuanosineCloning, MolecularLipid MobilizationRNA, MessengerTriazinesImmunoglobulin Class Switching
Adenosine Deaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ADENOSINE to INOSINE with the elimination of AMMONIA.
Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors
Drugs that inhibit ADENOSINE DEAMINASE activity.
Adenosine
A nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter.
Nucleoside Deaminases
Catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleosides with the elimination of ammonia.
Coformycin
A ribonucleoside antibiotic synergist and adenosine deaminase inhibitor isolated from Nocardia interforma and Streptomyces kaniharaensis. It is proposed as an antineoplastic synergist and immunosuppressant.
AMP Deaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of AMP to IMP. EC 3.5.4.6.
Pentostatin
A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.
Receptor, Adenosine A2A
A subclass of adenosine A2 receptors found in LEUKOCYTES, the SPLEEN, the THYMUS and a variety of other tissues. It is generally considered to be a receptor for ADENOSINE that couples to the GS, STIMULATORY G-PROTEIN.
Adenosine Kinase
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of ADP plus AMP from adenosine plus ATP. It can serve as a salvage mechanism for returning adenosine to nucleic acids. EC 2.7.1.20.
Receptor, Adenosine A1
A subtype of ADENOSINE RECEPTOR that is found expressed in a variety of tissues including the BRAIN and DORSAL HORN NEURONS. The receptor is generally considered to be coupled to the GI, INHIBITORY G-PROTEIN which causes down regulation of CYCLIC AMP.
Cytidine Deaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine, forming uridine. EC 3.5.4.5.
Deoxyadenosines
Adenosine molecules which can be substituted in any position, but are lacking one hydroxyl group in the ribose part of the molecule.
Inosine
A purine nucleoside that has hypoxanthine linked by the N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is an intermediate in the degradation of purines and purine nucleosides to uric acid and in pathways of purine salvage. It also occurs in the anticodon of certain transfer RNA molecules. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Receptors, Purinergic P1
A class of cell surface receptors that prefer ADENOSINE to other endogenous PURINES. Purinergic P1 receptors are widespread in the body including the cardiovascular, respiratory, immune, and nervous systems. There are at least two pharmacologically distinguishable types (A1 and A2, or Ri and Ra).
Receptor, Adenosine A3
A subtype of ADENOSINE RECEPTOR that is found expressed in a variety of locations including the BRAIN and endocrine tissues. The receptor is generally considered to be coupled to the GI, INHIBITORY G-PROTEIN which causes down regulation of CYCLIC AMP.
Cytosine Deaminase
An enzyme which catalyzes the deamination of CYTOSINE resulting in the formation of URACIL. It can also act on 5-methylcytosine to form THYMIDINE.
DCMP Deaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of deoxycytidylic acid to deoxyuridylic acid and ammonia. It plays an important role in the regulation of the pool of deoxynucleotides in higher organisms. The enzyme also acts on some 5-substituted deoxycytidylic acids. EC 3.5.4.12.
Receptor, Adenosine A2B
A subclass of adenosine A2 receptors found in the CECUM, the COLON, the BLADDER, and a variety of other tissues. It is generally considered to be a low affinity receptor for ADENOSINE that couples to the GS, STIMULATORY G-PROTEIN.
Ribonucleosides
Nucleosides in which the purine or pyrimidine base is combined with ribose. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Guanine Deaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of guanine to form xanthine. EC 3.5.4.3.
Receptors, Adenosine A2
A subclass of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS that are generally considered to be coupled to the GS, STIMULATORY G-PROTEIN which causes up regulation of CYCLIC AMP.
Xanthines
Purine bases found in body tissues and fluids and in some plants.
Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists
Compounds that selectively bind to and block the activation of ADENOSINE A2 RECEPTORS.
Tuberculosis, Pleural
Tuberculosis of the serous membrane lining the thoracic cavity and surrounding the lungs.
Tubercidin
An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids.
5'-Nucleotidase
A glycoprotein enzyme present in various organs and in many cells. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of a 5'-ribonucleotide to a ribonucleoside and orthophosphate in the presence of water. It is cation-dependent and exists in a membrane-bound and soluble form. EC 3.1.3.5.
Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists
Compounds that selectively bind to and activate ADENOSINE A2 RECEPTORS.
Nucleotide Deaminases
Catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleotides with the elimination of ammonia.
Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists
Compounds that bind to and block the stimulation of PURINERGIC P1 RECEPTORS.
Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists
Compounds that bind to and block the stimulation of ADENOSINE A1 RECEPTORS.
RNA Editing
A process that changes the nucleotide sequence of mRNA from that of the DNA template encoding it. Some major classes of RNA editing are as follows: 1, the conversion of cytosine to uracil in mRNA; 2, the addition of variable number of guanines at pre-determined sites; and 3, the addition and deletion of uracils, templated by guide-RNAs (RNA, GUIDE).
Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists
Compounds that bind to and stimulate ADENOSINE A1 RECEPTORS.
Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists
Compounds that bind to and stimulate PURINERGIC P1 RECEPTORS.
Phenylisopropyladenosine
N-Isopropyl-N-phenyl-adenosine. Antilipemic agent. Synonym: TH 162.
Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase
An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction between a purine nucleoside and orthophosphate to form a free purine plus ribose-5-phosphate. EC 2.4.2.1.
Adenosine Monophosphate
Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
Aminohydrolases
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.
Adenine
A purine base and a fundamental unit of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES.
Deamination
The removal of an amino group (NH2) from a chemical compound.
Theophylline
A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous system stimulant activities. Theophylline inhibits the 3',5'-CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE that degrades CYCLIC AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through ADENYLYL CYCLASES and cyclic AMP.
2-Chloroadenosine
2-Chloroadenosine. A metabolically stable analog of adenosine which acts as an adenosine receptor agonist. The compound has a potent effect on the peripheral and central nervous system.
Pleural Effusion
Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4
A serine protease that catalyses the release of an N-terminal dipeptide. Several biologically-active peptides have been identified as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 substrates including INCRETINS; NEUROPEPTIDES; and CHEMOKINES. The protein is also found bound to ADENOSINE DEAMINASE on the T-CELL surface and is believed to play a role in T-cell activation.
Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide)
A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.
Deoxyadenine Nucleotides
Adenine nucleotides which contain deoxyribose as the sugar moiety.
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID).
Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors
Receptors, Purinergic
Cell surface proteins that bind PURINES with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. The best characterized classes of purinergic receptors in mammals are the P1 receptors, which prefer ADENOSINE, and the P2 receptors, which prefer ATP or ADP.
Nucleotidases
A class of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of a nucleotide and water to a nucleoside and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.-.
Electrophoresis, Starch Gel
Electrophoresis in which a starch gel (a mixture of amylose and amylopectin) is used as the diffusion medium.
Adenine Nucleotides
Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase
An enzyme that catalyzes the tetrapolymerization of the monopyrrole PORPHOBILINOGEN into the hydroxymethylbilane preuroporphyrinogen (UROPORPHYRINOGENS) in several discrete steps. It is the third enzyme in the 8-enzyme biosynthetic pathway of HEME. In humans, deficiency in this enzyme encoded by HMBS (or PBGD) gene results in a form of neurological porphyria (PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT). This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.3.1.8
Adenosylhomocysteinase
An enzyme which catalyzes the catabolism of S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE to ADENOSINE and HOMOCYSTEINE. It may play a role in regulating the concentration of intracellular adenosylhomocysteine.
Purines
A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as purine bases. They include ADENINE and GUANINE, constituents of nucleic acids, as well as many alkaloids such as CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE. Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism.
Hypoxanthines
Purine bases related to hypoxanthine, an intermediate product of uric acid synthesis and a breakdown product of adenine catabolism.
Hypoxanthine
A purine and a reaction intermediate in the metabolism of adenosine and in the formation of nucleic acids by the salvage pathway.
Pentosyltransferases
Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a pentose group from one compound to another.
Phenethylamines
A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta- aminoethylbenzene which is structurally and pharmacologically related to amphetamine. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Clinical Enzyme Tests
Analyses for a specific enzyme activity, or of the level of a specific enzyme that is used to assess health and disease risk, for early detection of disease or disease prediction, diagnosis, and change in disease status.
Nucleosides
Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Cyclic AMP
An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.
Carbon-Carbon Lyases
Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation. This subclass contains the DECARBOXYLASES, the ALDEHYDE-LYASES, and the OXO-ACID-LYASES. EC 4.1.
Purine Nucleosides
Purines with a RIBOSE attached that can be phosphorylated to PURINE NUCLEOTIDES.
Leukemia, Lymphoid
Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.
Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists
Compounds that selectively bind to and block the activation of ADENOSINE A3 RECEPTORS.
Dipyridamole
A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752)
Pericarditis, Tuberculous
INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart (PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infection. Pericarditis can lead to swelling (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION), compression of the heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE), and preventing normal beating of the heart.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Thioinosine
Sulfhydryl analog of INOSINE that inhibits nucleoside transport across erythrocyte plasma membranes, and has immunosuppressive properties. It has been used similarly to MERCAPTOPURINE in the treatment of leukemia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p503)
Threonine Dehydratase
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the deamination of THREONINE to 2-ketobutyrate and AMMONIA. The role of this enzyme can be biosynthetic or biodegradative. In the former role it supplies 2-ketobutyrate required for ISOLEUCINE biosynthesis, while in the latter it is only involved in the breakdown of threonine to supply energy. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.1.16.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists
Drugs that selectively bind to and activate ADENOSINE A3 RECEPTORS.
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Peritonitis, Tuberculous
A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliary form or as a pelvic mass on the peritoneal surfaces. Most patients have ASCITES, abdominal swelling, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and other systemic symptoms such as FEVER; WEIGHT LOSS; and ANEMIA.
Flucytosine
A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.
Deoxyribonucleosides
A purine or pyrimidine base bonded to DEOXYRIBOSE.
Dideoxyadenosine
A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is an inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal side effect is nephrotoxicity. In vivo, dideoxyadenosine is rapidly metabolized to DIDANOSINE (ddI) by enzymatic deamination; ddI is then converted to dideoxyinosine monophosphate and ultimately to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, the putative active metabolite.
Formycins
Pyrazolopyrimidine ribonucleosides isolated from Nocardia interforma. They are antineoplastic antibiotics with cytostatic properties.
Vidarabine
A nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces antibioticus. It has some antineoplastic properties and has broad spectrum activity against DNA viruses in cell cultures and significant antiviral activity against infections caused by a variety of viruses such as the herpes viruses, the VACCINIA VIRUS and varicella zoster virus.
S-Adenosylhomocysteine
5'-S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-5'-thioadenosine. Formed from S-adenosylmethionine after transmethylation reactions.
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Inosine Monophosphate
Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety.
Purinergic Antagonists
Drugs that bind to and block the activation of PURINERGIC RECEPTORS.
Tetrahydrouridine
An inhibitor of nucleotide metabolism.
RNA, Double-Stranded
RNA consisting of two strands as opposed to the more prevalent single-stranded RNA. Most of the double-stranded segments are formed from transcription of DNA by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. Some double-stranded segments of RNA are normal in all organisms.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Pigmentation Disorders
Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin
A programmed mutation process whereby changes are introduced to the nucleotide sequence of immunoglobulin gene DNA during development.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Genes
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
Guanosine
A purine nucleoside that has guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is a component of ribonucleic acid and its nucleotides play important roles in metabolism. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Cloning, Molecular
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
Lipid Mobilization
LIPOLYSIS of stored LIPIDS in the ADIPOSE TISSUE to release FREE FATTY ACIDS. Mobilization of stored lipids is under the regulation of lipolytic signals (CATECHOLAMINES) or anti-lipolytic signals (INSULIN) via their actions on the hormone-sensitive LIPASE. This concept does not include lipid transport.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Triazines
Heterocyclic rings containing three nitrogen atoms, commonly in 1,2,4 or 1,3,5 or 2,4,6 formats. Some are used as HERBICIDES.
Immunoglobulin Class Switching
Gene rearrangement of the B-lymphocyte which results in a substitution in the type of heavy-chain constant region that is expressed. This allows the effector response to change while the antigen binding specificity (variable region) remains the same. The majority of class switching occurs by a DNA recombination event but it also can take place at the level of RNA processing.
Ammonia-Lyases
Enzymes that catalyze the formation of a carbon-carbon double bond by the elimination of AMMONIA. EC 4.3.1.
Adenosine Triphosphatases
A group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. The hydrolysis reaction is usually coupled with another function such as transporting Ca(2+) across a membrane. These enzymes may be dependent on Ca(2+), Mg(2+), anions, H+, or DNA.
Deoxycytidine Kinase
An enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of deoxycytidine with the formation of a nucleoside diphosphate and deoxycytidine monophosphate. Cytosine arabinoside can also act as an acceptor. All natural nucleoside triphosphates, except deoxycytidine triphosphate, can act as donors. The enzyme is induced by some viruses, particularly the herpes simplex virus (HERPESVIRUS HOMINIS). EC 2.7.1.74.
Apyrase
A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5.
L-Serine Dehydratase
A PYRIDOXAL-phosphate containing enzyme that catalyzes the dehydration and deamination of L-serine to form pyruvate. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.1.13.
DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase
A non-template-directed DNA polymerase normally found in vertebrate thymus and bone marrow. It catalyzes the elongation of oligo- or polydeoxynucleotide chains and is widely used as a tool in the differential diagnosis of acute leukemias in man. EC 2.7.7.31.
Nucleoside Transport Proteins
Proteins involved in the transport of NUCLEOSIDES across cellular membranes.
Lipolysis
The metabolic process of breaking down LIPIDS to release FREE FATTY ACIDS, the major oxidative fuel for the body. Lipolysis may involve dietary lipids in the DIGESTIVE TRACT, circulating lipids in the BLOOD, and stored lipids in the ADIPOSE TISSUE or the LIVER. A number of enzymes are involved in such lipid hydrolysis, such as LIPASE and LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE from various tissues.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Phosphotransferases
A rather large group of enzymes comprising not only those transferring phosphate but also diphosphate, nucleotidyl residues, and others. These have also been subdivided according to the acceptor group. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.
Hydrolases
Any member of the class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the substrate and the addition of water to the resulting molecules, e.g., ESTERASES, glycosidases (GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES), lipases, NUCLEOTIDASES, peptidases (PEPTIDE HYDROLASES), and phosphatases (PHOSPHORIC MONOESTER HYDROLASES). EC 3.
Retroviridae
Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).

The RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 is localized to the nascent ribonucleoprotein matrix on Xenopus lampbrush chromosomes but specifically associates with an atypical loop. (1/1316)

Double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase (ADAR1, dsRAD, DRADA) converts adenosines to inosines in double-stranded RNAs. Few candidate substrates for ADAR1 editing are known at this point and it is not known how substrate recognition is achieved. In some cases editing sites are defined by basepaired regions formed between intronic and exonic sequences, suggesting that the enzyme might function cotranscriptionally. We have isolated two variants of Xenopus laevis ADAR1 for which no editing substrates are currently known. We demonstrate that both variants of the enzyme are associated with transcriptionally active chromosome loops suggesting that the enzyme acts cotranscriptionally. The widespread distribution of the protein along the entire chromosome indicates that ADAR1 associates with the RNP matrix in a substrate-independent manner. Inhibition of splicing, another cotranscriptional process, does not affect the chromosomal localization of ADAR1. Furthermore, we can show that the enzyme is dramatically enriched on a special RNA-containing loop that seems transcriptionally silent. Detailed analysis of this loop suggests that it might represent a site of ADAR1 storage or a site where active RNA editing is taking place. Finally, mutational analysis of ADAR1 demonstrates that a putative Z-DNA binding domain present in ADAR1 is not required for chromosomal targeting of the protein.  (+info)

The extracellular versus intracellular mechanisms of inhibition of TCR-triggered activation in thymocytes by adenosine under conditions of inhibited adenosine deaminase. (2/1316)

The absence or low levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in humans result in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), which is characterized by hypoplastic thymus, T lymphocyte depletion and autoimmunity. Deficiency of ADA causes increased levels of both intracellular and extracellular adenosine, although only the intracellular lymphotoxicity of accumulated adenosine is considered in the pathogenesis of ADA SCID. It is shown that extracellular but not intracellular adenosine selectively inhibits TCR-triggered up-regulation of activation markers and apoptotic events in thymocytes under conditions of ADA deficiency. The effects of intracellular adenosine are dissociated from effects of extracellular adenosine in experiments using an adenosine transporter blocker. We found that prevention of toxicity of intracellular adenosine led to survival of TCR-cross-linked thymocytes in long-term (4 days) assays, but it was not sufficient for normal T cell differentiation under conditions of inhibited ADA. Surviving TCR-cross-linked thymocytes had a non-activated phenotype due to extracellular adenosine-mediated, TCR-antagonizing signaling. Taken together the data suggest that both intracellular toxicity and signaling by extracellular adenosine may contribute to pathogenesis of ADA SCID. Accordingly, extracellular adenosine may act on thymocytes, which survived intracellular toxicity of adenosine during ADA deficiency by counteracting TCR signaling. This, in turn, could lead to failure of positive and negative selection of thymocytes, and to additional elimination of thymocytes or autoimmunity of surviving T cells.  (+info)

Nucleotide pool imbalance and adenosine deaminase deficiency induce alterations of N-region insertions during V(D)J recombination. (3/1316)

Template-independent nucleotide additions (N regions) generated at sites of V(D)J recombination by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) increase the diversity of antigen receptors. Two inborn errors of purine metabolism, deficiencies of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), result in defective lymphoid development and aberrant pools of 2'-deoxynucleotides that are substrates for TdT in lymphoid precursors. We have asked whether selective increases in dATP or dGTP pools result in altered N regions in an extrachromosomal substrate transfected into T-cell or pre-B-cell lines. Exposure of the transfected cells to 2'-deoxyadenosine and an ADA inhibitor increased the dATP pool and resulted in a marked increase in A-T insertions at recombination junctions, with an overall decreased frequency of V(D)J recombination. Sequence analysis of VH-DH-JH junctions from the IgM locus in B-cell lines from ADA-deficient patients demonstrated an increase in A-T insertions equivalent to that found in the transfected cells. In contrast, elevation of dGTP pools, as would occur in PNP deficiency, did not alter the already rich G-C content of N regions. We conclude that the frequency of V(D)J recombination and the composition of N-insertions are influenced by increases in dATP levels, potentially leading to alterations in antigen receptors and aberrant lymphoid development. Alterations in N-region insertions may contribute to the B-cell dysfunction associated with ADA deficiency.  (+info)

A study of the genetical structure of the Cuban population: red cell and serum biochemical markers. (4/1316)

Gene frequencies of several red cell and serum gentic markers were determined in the three main racial groups--whites, mulattoes and Negroes--of the Cuban population. The results were used to estimate the relative contribution of Caucasian and Negro genes to the genetic makeup of these three groups and to calculate the frequencies of these genes in the general Cuban population.  (+info)

Adenosine deaminase activity in thymus and other human tissues. (5/1316)

Adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) has been estimated in human tissues. Levels in the thymus during childhood were very much higher than in any of the other 6 tissues studied. Intermediate activities were obtained from spleen and lymph nodes and also skin. Cerebral cortex, liver and kidney had relatively low levels. ADA activity in lymphocytes from peripheral blood was significantly increased after antigenic stimulation by TAB immunization. The available evidence appears to be consistent with T-lymphocyte growth and development in the thymus being dependant on ADA.  (+info)

Regulation of forestomach-specific expression of the murine adenosine deaminase gene. (6/1316)

The maturation of stratified squamous epithelium of the upper gastrointestinal tract is a highly ordered process of development and differentiation. Information on the molecular basis of this process is, however, limited. Here we report the identification of the first murine forestomach regulatory element using the murine adenosine deaminase (Ada) gene as a model. In the adult mouse, Ada is highly expressed in the terminally differentiated epithelial layer of upper gastrointestinal tract tissues. The data reported here represent the identification and detailed analysis of a 1. 1-kilobase (kb) sequence located 3.4-kb upstream of the transcription initiation site of the murine Ada gene, which is sufficient to target cat reporter gene expression to the forestomach in transgenic mice. This 1.1-kb fragment is capable of directing cat reporter gene expression mainly to the forestomach of transgenic mice, with a level comparable to the endogenous Ada gene. This expression is localized to the appropriate cell types, confers copy number dependence, and shows the same developmental regulation. Mutational analysis revealed the functional importance of multiple transcription factor-binding sites.  (+info)

Human RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 transcripts possess alternative exon 1 structures that initiate from different promoters, one constitutively active and the other interferon inducible. (7/1316)

RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR1) catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine in viral and cellular RNAs. Two size forms of the ADAR1 editing enzyme are known, an IFN-inducible approximately 150-kDa protein and a constitutively expressed N-terminally truncated approximately 110-kDa protein. We have now identified alternative exon 1 structures of human ADAR1 transcripts that initiate from unique promoters, one constitutively expressed and the other IFN inducible. Cloning and sequence analyses of 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) cDNAs from human placenta established a linkage between exon 2 of ADAR1 and two alternative exon 1 structures, designated herein as exon 1A and exon 1B. Analysis of RNA isolated from untreated and IFN-treated human amnion cells demonstrated that exon 1B-exon 2 transcripts were synthesized in the absence of IFN and were not significantly altered in amount by IFN treatment. By contrast, exon 1A-exon 2 transcripts were IFN inducible. Transient transfection analysis with reporter constructs led to the identification of two functional promoters, designated PC and PI. Exon 1B transcripts were initiated from the PC promoter whose activity in transient transfection reporter assays was not increased by IFN treatment. The 107-nt exon 1B mapped 14.5 kb upstream of exon 2. The 201-nt exon 1A that mapped 5.4 kb upstream of exon 2 was initiated from the interferon-inducible PI promoter. These results suggest that two promoters, one IFN inducible and the other not, initiate transcription of the ADAR1 gene, and that alternative splicing of unique exon 1 structures to a common exon 2 junction generates RNA transcripts with the deduced coding capacity for either the constitutively expressed approximately 110-kDa ADAR1 protein (exon 1B) or the interferon-induced approximately 150-kDa ADAR1 protein (exon 1A).  (+info)

Long RNA hairpins that contain inosine are present in Caenorhabditis elegans poly(A)+ RNA. (8/1316)

Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) are RNA-editing enzymes that convert adenosine to inosine within double-stranded RNA. In the 12 years since the discovery of ADARs only a few natural substrates have been identified. These substrates were found by chance, when genomically encoded adenosines were identified as guanosines in cDNAs. To advance our understanding of the biological roles of ADARs, we developed a method for systematically identifying ADAR substrates. In our first application of the method, we identified five additional substrates in Caenorhabditis elegans. Four of those substrates are mRNAs edited in untranslated regions, and one is a noncoding RNA edited throughout its length. The edited regions are predicted to form long hairpin structures, and one of the RNAs encodes POP-1, a protein involved in cell fate decisions.  (+info)

ADAR - WikipediaADAR - Wikipedia
Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADAR gene (which stands for adenosine deaminase acting on RNA). Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR) are enzymes responsible for binding to double stranded RNA (dsRNA) and converting adenosine (A) to inosine (I) by deamination. ADAR protein is a RNA-binding protein, which functions in RNA-editing through post-transcriptional modification of mRNA transcripts by changing the nucleotide content of the RNA. The conversion from A to I in the RNA disrupt the normal A:U pairing which makes the RNA unstable. Inosine is structurally similar to that of guanine (G) which leads to I to cytosine (C) binding. In RNA I functions the same as G in both translation and replication. Codon changes can arise from editing which may lead to changes in the coding sequences for proteins and their functions. Most editing site are found in noncoding regions of RNA such as untranslated regions (UTRs), Alu elements and long ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAR
Estimation of serum Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) level in sickle cell disease (SCD) and its association with reticulocyte count in...
International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research-IJCBR-Print ISSN No:-2394-6369 Online ISSN No:-2394-6377Article DOI No:-10.18231/2394-6377.2018.0017,Estimation of serum Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) level in sickle cell disease (SCD) and its association with reticulocyte count in a rural population of Chhattisg
https://www.innovativepublication.com/journal-article-full-text/IJCBR/5928
Spectroscopic Characterization of a DNA-binding Domain, Z Alpha, From the Editing Enzyme, dsRNA Adenosine Deaminase: Evidence...Spectroscopic Characterization of a DNA-binding Domain, Z Alpha, From the Editing Enzyme, dsRNA Adenosine Deaminase: Evidence...
Double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase (ADAR1) is an ubiquitous enzyme in metazoa that edits pre-mRNA changing adenosine to inosine in regions of double-stranded RNA. Zalpha, an N-terminal domain of human ADAR1 encompassing 76 amino acid residues, shows apparent specificity for the left-handed Z-DN …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9748339/
Adenosine deaminase deficiency - WikipediaAdenosine deaminase deficiency - Wikipedia
Adenosine deaminase deficiency (also called ADA deficiency or ADA-SCID) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that causes immunodeficiency. It occurs in fewer than one in 100,000 live births worldwide. It accounts for about 15% of all cases of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). ADA deficiency may be present in infancy, childhood, adolescence, or adulthood. Age of onset and severity is related to some 29 known genotypes associated with the disorder. The main symptoms of ADA deficiency are pneumonia, chronic diarrhea, and widespread skin rashes. Affected children also grow much more slowly than healthy children and some have developmental delay. Most individuals with ADA deficiency are diagnosed with SCID in the first 6 months of life. The enzyme adenosine deaminase is encoded by a gene on chromosome 20. ADA deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome (chromosome 20 is an autosome), and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase_deficiency
Diagnostic efficacy of adenosine deaminase levels in cerebrospinal fluid in patients of Tubercular meningitis: A comparison...
Diagnostic efficacy of adenosine deaminase levels in cerebrospinal fluid in patients of Tubercular meningitis: A comparison with PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
http://annalsofneurosciences.org/journal/index.php/annal/article/viewArticle/243/901
A Prospective clinico-pathological study of fluid cytology and adenosine deaminase levels in pleural effusions | International...
Introduction: The use of biological markers in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is a breakthrough. Demonstration of elevated levels of Pleural fluid Adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tuberculous proteins/antibodies lysozme etc. have been proposed. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) estimation in pleural fluid has been shown as reliable biomarker specially when there is suspicion of tuberculosis. Detection of mycobacterium DNA by PCR is also a proposed test3,4. However India being a developing country with much of its people below poverty line cannot afford expensive tests like ELISA, PCR, IFN-γ. Hence, there is need for relatively cheaper and simple tests with feasibility and sensitivity going hand-in-hand5 TPE being proposed to be a delayed hypersensitive reaction and lymphocytes play a major role in the pathogenesis. With ,50% lymphocytes in the pleural fluid, combined criterion of lymphocyte to neutrophil ratio of ,0.75 with a raised ADA level increased the ...
http://www.journalcra.com/article/prospective-clinico-pathological-study-fluid-cytology-and-adenosine-deaminase-levels-pleural?page=1
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals dynamic changes in A-to-I RNA editome during early human embryogenesis | BMC Genomics | Full...Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals dynamic changes in A-to-I RNA editome during early human embryogenesis | BMC Genomics | Full...
A-to-I RNA-editing mediated by ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) enzymes that converts adenosine to inosine in RNA sequence can generate mutations and alter gene regulation in metazoans. Previous studies have shown that A-to-I RNA-editing plays vital roles in mouse embryogenesis. However, the RNA-editing activities in early human embryonic development have not been investigated. Here, we characterized genome-wide A-to-I RNA-editing activities during human early embryogenesis by profiling 68 single cells from 29 human embryos spanning from oocyte to morula stages. We demonstrate dynamic changes in genome-wide RNA-editing during early human embryogenesis in a stage-specific fashion. In parallel with ADAR expression level changes, the genome-wide A-to-I RNA-editing levels in cells remained relatively stable until 4-cell stage, but dramatically decreased at 8-cell stage, continually decreased at morula stage. We detected 37 non-synonymously RNA-edited genes, of which 5 were frequently found in cells
https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-016-3115-2
Genes | Free Full-Text | Differential Binding of Three Major Human ADAR Isoforms to Coding and Long Non-Coding TranscriptsGenes | Free Full-Text | Differential Binding of Three Major Human ADAR Isoforms to Coding and Long Non-Coding Transcripts
RNA editing by deamination of adenosine to inosine is an evolutionarily conserved process involved in many cellular pathways, from alternative splicing to miRNA targeting. In humans, it is carried out by no less than three major adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): ADAR1-p150, ADAR1-p110, and ADAR2. However, the first two derive from alternative splicing, so that it is currently impossible to delete ADAR1-p110 without also knocking out ADAR1-p150 expression. Furthermore, the expression levels of ADARs varies wildly among cell types, and no study has systematically explored the effect of each of these isoforms on the cell transcriptome. In this study, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-sequencing on overexpressed ADAR isoforms tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) shows that each ADAR is associated with a specific set of differentially expressed genes, and that they each bind to distinct set of RNA targets. Our results show a good overlap with known edited transcripts, establishing RIP-seq as a
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/8/2/68
Structural basis for the growth factor activity of human adenosine deaminase ADA2<...Structural basis for the growth factor activity of human adenosine deaminase ADA2<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Structural basis for the growth factor activity of human adenosine deaminase ADA2. AU - Zavialov, Anton V.. AU - Yu, Xiaodi. AU - Spillmann, Dorothe. AU - Lauvau, Grégoire. AU - Zavialo, Andrey V.. PY - 2010/4/16. Y1 - 2010/4/16. N2 - Two distinct adenosine deaminases, ADA1 and ADA2, are found in humans. ADA1 has an important role in lymphocyte function and inherited mutations in ADA1 result in severe combined immunodeficiency. The recently isolated ADA2 belongs to the novel family of adenosine deaminase growth factors (ADGFs), which play an important role in tissue development. The crystal structures of ADA2 and ADA2 bound to a transition state analogue presented here reveal the structural basis of the catalytic/signaling activity of ADGF/ADA2 proteins. In addition to the catalytic domain, the structures discovered two ADGF/ADA2-specific domains of novel folds that mediate the protein dimerization and binding to the cell surface receptors. This complex architecture is in sharp ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/structural-basis-for-the-growth-factor-activity-of-human-adenosin-2
RNA-DECO: Welcome
Background: Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA deaminate adenosines to inosines in structured regions of RNAs. The RNA-editing process occurs in millions of sites in the human transcriptome. As inosines are interpreted as guanosines during translation, this RNA-editing process can alter codons and therefore lead to the formation of proteins that are not encoded in the genome. A prominent adenosine to inosine deamination event is found in the mRNA encoding filamin A, an abundant actin crosslinking protein that links the cellular cortex and transmembrane proteins with the cytoskeleton. Changes in the editing pattern of the filamin A mRNA lead to the expression of altered filamin A which causes high blood pressure but also causes gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. To understand the molecular consequences of the editing-induced amino acid exchange, the affected domain will be studied by structural and biophysical means.. Thesis description: We are looking for a highly motivated and dedicated ...
https://rna-deco.org/
ADAR2 regulates RNA stability by modifying access of decay-promoting RNA-binding proteins<...ADAR2 regulates RNA stability by modifying access of decay-promoting RNA-binding proteins<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - ADAR2 regulates RNA stability by modifying access of decay-promoting RNA-binding proteins. AU - Anantharaman, Aparna. AU - Tripathi, Vidisha. AU - Khan, Abid. AU - Yoon, Je Hyun. AU - Singh, Deepak K.. AU - Gholamalamdari, Omid. AU - Guang, Shuomeng. AU - Ohlson, Johan. AU - Wahlstedt, Helene. AU - Öhman, Marie. AU - Jantsch, Michael F.. AU - Conrad, Nicholas K.. AU - Ma, Jian. AU - Gorospe, Myriam. AU - Prasanth, Supriya G.. AU - Prasanth, Kannanganattu V.. PY - 2017/4/20. Y1 - 2017/4/20. N2 - Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) catalyze the editing of adenosine residues to inosine (A-to-I) within RNA sequences, mostly in the introns and UTRs (un-translated regions). The significance of editing within non-coding regions of RNA is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that association of ADAR2 with RNA stabilizes a subset of transcripts. ADAR2 interacts with and edits the 3Î.,UTR of nuclear-retained Cat2 transcribed nuclear RNA (Ctn RNA). In absence of ADAR2, the ...
https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/adar2-regulates-rna-stability-by-modifying-access-of-decay-promot
Elevated Adenosine Induces Placental DNA Hypomethylation Independent of A2B Receptor Signaling in Preeclampsia | HypertensionElevated Adenosine Induces Placental DNA Hypomethylation Independent of A2B Receptor Signaling in Preeclampsia | Hypertension
Preeclampsia is a prevalent pregnancy hypertensive disease with both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence indicates that global placental DNA hypomethylation is observed in patients with preeclampsia and is linked to altered gene expression and disease development. However, the molecular basis underlying placental epigenetic changes in preeclampsia remains unclear. Using 2 independent experimental models of preeclampsia, adenosine deaminase-deficient mice and a pathogenic autoantibody-induced mouse model of preeclampsia, we demonstrate that elevated placental adenosine not only induces hallmark features of preeclampsia but also causes placental DNA hypomethylation. The use of genetic approaches to express an adenosine deaminase minigene specifically in placentas, or adenosine deaminase enzyme replacement therapy, restored placental adenosine to normal levels, attenuated preeclampsia features, and abolished placental DNA hypomethylation in adenosine deaminase-deficient ...
http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/early/2017/05/15/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09536
CircNEIL3 regulatory loop promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression via miRNA sponging and A-to-I RNA-editing |...CircNEIL3 regulatory loop promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression via miRNA sponging and A-to-I RNA-editing |...
A growing number of studies have focused on investigating circRNAs as crucial regulators in the progression of multiple cancer types. Nevertheless, the biological effects and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unclear. Differentially expressed circRNAs between cancerous tissue and adjacent normal tissues were identified by RNA sequencing in PDAC. Subsequently, in vitro and in vivo functional experiments were performed to investigate the functional roles of circNEIL3 in PDAC tumour growth and metastasis. Furthermore, RNA pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and Sanger sequencing assays were performed to examine the circular interaction among circNEIL3, miR-432-5p and adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1). CircNEIL3 was upregulated in PDAC and promoted the progression of PDAC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circNEIL3 was shown to regulate the
https://molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12943-021-01333-7
Mutagenetix > Incidental...Mutagenetix > Incidental...
FUNCTION: [Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene encodes a member of the double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase family of RNA-editing enzymes and may play a regulatory role in RNA editing. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
https://mutagenetix.utsouthwestern.edu/incidental/incidental_rec.cfm?mid=475860
Archived Colloquium, Seminars, and TalksArchived Colloquium, Seminars, and Talks
Abstract: RNA editing by the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes has been associated with many human neurological diseases including: epilepsy; suicidal depression; autism; pediatric glioblastoma; and ALS (Lou Gehrigs disease). RNA editing is ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. ADAR deaminates the RNA base adenosine (A) to inosine (I) in dsRNA molecules. Inosine is recognized by all cellular machineries as guanosine (G). ADAR specifically edits, recodes, a small number of adenosines in messenger RNA (mRNA) to such Gs. However, hyper editing acts more generally on perfect or nearly perfect double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Within long dsRNA (,30bp), over 40% of adenosine residues are modified on both strands, generating numerous I-U mismatch pairs, and structurally destabilizing dsRNA. Dicer is an enzyme that cleaves near perfect long dsRNAs, and thus competes with ADAR. As a consequence, ADARs hyper editing has downstream consequences on Dicer products including gene expression ...
https://mathcs.holycross.edu/ArchiveLinks/SeminarTalks.html
ADAR1 promotes malignant progenitor reprogramming in chronic myeloid leukemia. | Californias Stem Cell AgencyADAR1 promotes malignant progenitor reprogramming in chronic myeloid leukemia. | Californias Stem Cell Agency
The molecular drivers of human progenitor reprogramming into self-renewing leukemia stem cells (LSC) has remained elusive. Although DNA sequencing has uncovered gene mutations that promote abnormal RNA processing and leukemic transformation, gene product diversity also may be generated by RNA editing mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes that regulate stem cell maintenance. In this study, RNA-sequencing studies reveal high levels of expression of inflammatory mediators in human blast crisis CML progenitors and in BCR-ABL transduced normal cord blood stem cells. Moreover, expression of the inflammation-responsive form of ADAR1 (p150) correlated with generation of an abnormally spliced GSK3β gene product that has been previously linked to LSC self-renewal. Together, we have demonstrated that ADAR1 drives hematopoietic cell fate by skewing cell differentiation - a trend which occurs during normal bone marrow aging - and promotes LSC self-renewal through alternative splicing ...
https://www.cirm.ca.gov/about-cirm/publications/adar1-promotes-malignant-progenitor-reprogramming-chronic-myeloid-leukemia
PIDTC > Learn More > Therapies > PEG-ADA Enzyme...PIDTC > Learn More > Therapies > PEG-ADA Enzyme...
One particular kind of SCID, called adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA)-SCID, is caused by lack of an enzyme (a protein in the body that helps break down other chemicals). Patients with ADA-SCID typically have very low T-cells, B-cells, and NK-cells because toxic byproducts build up as result of lack of the ADA enzyme. Patients with ADA-SCID present with similar infections as seen with the other forms of SCID.. ADA-SCID is the only type of SCID where patients can receive enzyme replacement. The enzyme has been made into a drug known as PEG-ADA (Adagen ®). At the present time, PEG-ADA comes from cows (bovine), although attempts are underway to make a recombinant form that does not come from animals. PEG-ADA is given by a needle into the muscle (intramuscularly). Patients / parents learn to inject it themselves. Usually it is given once per week, although dose changes (both in terms of total dose and the frequency with which PEG-ADA is administered) may need to occur based upon ADA levels that ...
https://www.rarediseasesnetwork.org/cms/pidtc/Learn-More/Therapies/PEG-ADA
Editing of messenger RNA precursors and of tRNAs by adenosine to inosine conversion. - Surrey Research Insight Open AccessEditing of messenger RNA precursors and of tRNAs by adenosine to inosine conversion. - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
The double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminases ADAR1 and ADAR2 convert adenosine (A) residues to inosine (I) in messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNA). Their main physiological substrates are pre-mRNAs encoding subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors or serotonin receptors in the brain. ADAR1 and ADAR2 have similar sequence features, including double-stranded RNA binding domains (dsRBDs) and a deaminase domain. The tRNA-specific adenosine deaminases Tad1p and Tad2p/Tad3p modify A 37 in tRNA-Ala1 of eukaryotes and the first nucleotide of the anticodon (A 34) of several bacterial and eukaryotic tRNAs, respectively. Tad1p is related to ADAR1 and ADAR2 throughout its sequence but lacks dsRBDs. Tad1p could be the ancestor of ADAR1 and ADAR2. The deaminase domains of ADAR1, ADAR2 and Tad1p are very similar and resemble the active site domains of cytosine/cytidine deaminases.. ...
https://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/826911/
Adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol synonyms, adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol...Adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol synonyms, adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol...
Synonyms for adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol. 2 words related to adenosine: biochemistry, nucleoside. What are synonyms for adenosine deaminase conjugated with polyethylene glycol?
https://www.freethesaurus.com/adenosine+deaminase+conjugated+with+polyethylene+glycol
孤発性筋萎縮性側索硬化症の病態と治療 ―AMPA受容体阻害薬によるALS治療の可能性― - 文献詳細 - Ceek.jp Altmetrics孤発性筋萎縮性側索硬化症の病態と治療 ―AMPA受容体阻害薬によるALS治療の可能性― - 文献詳細 - Ceek.jp Altmetrics
Both TAR DNA binding protein of 43kDa (TDP-43) pathology and failure of RNA editing at the glutamine/arginine (Q/R) site of GluA2, a subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor, are the characteristic etiology-linked molecular abnormalities that concomitantly occur in the motor neurons of the majority of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common adult-onset fatal motor neuron disease. Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2) specifically catalyzes RNA editing at the Q/R site of GluA2, and conditional ADAR2 knockout mice (ADAR2flox/flox/VAChT-Cre.Fast ; AR2 mice) exhibit a progressive ALS phenotype with TDP-43 pathology-like TDP-43 mislocalization in the ADAR2-lacking motor neurons. Because Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptor-mediated mechanism underlies death of motor neurons in the AR2 mice, amelioration of exaggerated Ca2+ influx by AMPA receptor antagonists may be a potential ALS therapy. Here we showed that oral perampanel, a selective
http://altmetrics.ceek.jp/article/www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsnt/34/2/34_86/_article/-char/ja/
Adenosine deaminase deficiency | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS ProgramAdenosine deaminase deficiency | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program
A collection of disease information resources and questions answered by our Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Specialists for Adenosine deaminase deficiency
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/5748/disease
Comparison of polymerase chain reaction with adenosine deaminase activity in pericardial fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous...Comparison of polymerase chain reaction with adenosine deaminase activity in pericardial fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Comparison of polymerase chain reaction with adenosine deaminase activity in pericardial fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/comparison-of-polymerase-chain-reaction-with-adenosine-deaminase-/fingerprints/
Abstract 61: Deficiency of the RNA Editing Enzyme ADAR2 Impairs Inflammation, Neovascularization and Functional Recovery of...Abstract 61: Deficiency of the RNA Editing Enzyme ADAR2 Impairs Inflammation, Neovascularization and Functional Recovery of...
Background: Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-2 (ADAR2) enzyme catalyzes adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing of mRNAs and microRNAs and controls brain development. However, the role of endothelial cell ADAR2 in vascular biology and inflammation has not been described so far.. Methods and Results: ADAR2 is expressed in human and murine endothelial cells and is 2-fold induced by hypoxia or hind limb ischemia in mice (P,0.05 for all). ADAR2 deficiency resulted in 73±12% impairment of leukocyte infiltration, in 53±4% reduced neovascularization, and a 40±6% decreased blood-flow recovery of ischemic muscle tissues in a hindlimb ischemia mouse model (P,0.001 for all). Mechanistically, among the highly ADAR2-regulated transcripts was interleukin-6 signal transducer (IL6ST or gp130), the receptor of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Silencing of ADAR2 resulted in a downregulation of gp130 mRNA and protein expression in endothelial cells by 65±5% and 50±5%, respectively (P,0.001 for both). Similarly, the ...
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/35/Suppl_1/A61
International Journal of Research in Health SciencesInternational Journal of Research in Health Sciences
Introduction: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is one of the major enzymes in purine metabolism. There are 2 isoforms of ADA: ADA1 and ADA2. The principal action of this enzyme is in immune system cells, the level of ADA in T-cell is 5-20 fold more than B-cell. The level of ADA elevates as the lymphocyte (T-cell) activity increase. Tuberculosis has been studied extensively with relevance of ADA levels and apart from serum, various body fluids as pleural, peritoneal, cerebrospinal fluids of patients of Pleural effusion, Ascitis and Tubercular Meningitis, has also its raised levels. Measurement of the level of (ADA) enzyme in body fluids is a helpful diagnostic tool. Aim: To study the serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity in patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and to evaluate the diagnostic significance of ADA activity in serum in these patients. Material and Methods: Present study was carried out in fifty patients of both the sexes with different ages suffering from Pulmonary Tuberculosis attending OPD and ...
http://ijrhs.org/issue.php?id=MTU=
RNA editing by base deamination: more enzymes, more targets, new mysteries. - Surrey Research Insight Open AccessRNA editing by base deamination: more enzymes, more targets, new mysteries. - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
The posttranscriptional modification of messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) by base deamination can profoundly alter the physiological function of the encoded proteins. The recent identification of tRNA-specific adenosine deaminases (ADATs) has led to the suggestion that these enzymes, as well as the cytidine and adenosine deaminases acting on pre-mRNAs (CDARs and ADARs), belong to a superfamily of RNA-dependent deaminases. This superfamily might have evolved from an ancient cytidine deaminase. This article reviews the reactions catalysed by these enzymes and discusses their evolutionary relationships.. ...
http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/825160/
Cluster analysis of DNA microarray data that uses statistical algorithms to - A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies multiple...Cluster analysis of DNA microarray data that uses statistical algorithms to - A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies multiple...
Cluster analysis of DNA microarray data that uses statistical algorithms to set up the genes according to similarity in patterns of gene manifestation and the result displayed graphically is described in this specific article. 50, a number of the genes which are even more indicated and accountable are AGXT: Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, RHOD: Ras homolog gene family members, CAPN6: Calpain 6, EFNB2: Ephrin-B2, ANXA7: Annexin A7, PEG10: Paternally indicated 10, DPP4: Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (Compact disc26, adenosine deaminase complexing proteins 2), ENSA: Endosulfine alpha, IGFBP2: Insulin-like development factor binding proteins 2, 36kDa, CENPB: Centromere protein B, 80kDa, MLL3: Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 3, BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, EIF4A2: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, isoform 2, PPP2R1A: Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit A, alpha isoform. Fifty genes and their nucleotide sequences are taken from NCBI and a ...
https://flora2world.com/cluster-analysis-of-dna-microarray-data-that-uses-statistical-algorithms-to/
Function of low ADARB1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma. | PLoS One;14(9): e0222298, 2019. | MEDLINEFunction of low ADARB1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma. | PLoS One;14(9): e0222298, 2019. | MEDLINE
Adenosine deaminase RNA-specific B1 (ADARB1), an adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA-editing enzyme, has been found to play an essential role in the development of cancer. However, the specific function of ADARB1 in lung cancer, especially in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), is still not fully understood and requires further study. In our study, integrative bioinformatics were used to analyze the detailed function of ADARB1 in LUAD. By conducting bioinformatics analyses of several public databases, such as Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), GE-mini, and Oncomine, we found significantly decreased ADARB1 expression in LUAD cells and tissues. Moreover, RT-PCR and Western blot showed lower ADARB1 expression in H358 and A549 LUAD cells compared to human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells. Wound Healing Assay indicated that knockdown ADARB1 could promote LUAD cell metastasis. By using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter tool, we found that downregulation of ADARB1 was related to shorter first ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-31491024
Treatment of SCID Due to ADA Deficiency With Autologous Transplantation of Cord Blood or Hematopoietic CD 34+ Cells After...Treatment of SCID Due to ADA Deficiency With Autologous Transplantation of Cord Blood or Hematopoietic CD 34+ Cells After...
This is a clinical gene transfer study that aims to verify the safety and efficacy of the use of the EFS-ADA lentiviral vector to introduce the human adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene into the hematopoietic progenitors of patients affected with severe combined immunodeficiency due to ADA deficiency. The EFS-ADA vector expresses the human ADA cDNA under the control of the elongation factor alpha short promoter (EFS). In addition, this protocol will examine the effects of the ADA gene transfer on the immune system of treated patients. Patients with ADA deficiency and ineligible for matched sibling allogeneic bone marrow transplantation are eligible to participate in the study. To increase engraftment and selected advantage or gene-corrected cells, busulfan will be used as a cytoreductive agent. Enzyme replacement (PEG-ADA) will be discontinued 30 days after infusion of gene-corrected cells. CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors will be isolated from the patient bone marrow, peripheral blood or cord blood, ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02022696
Gene Transfer Therapy for Severe Combined Immunodeficieny Disease (SCID) Due to Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency - Full...Gene Transfer Therapy for Severe Combined Immunodeficieny Disease (SCID) Due to Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency - Full...
This study will evaluate a new method for delivering gene transfer therapy to patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) due to a defective adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene. This gene codes for the adenosine deaminase enzyme, which is essential for the proper growth and function of infection-fighting white blood cells called T and B lymphocytes. Patients who lack this enzyme are vulnerable to frequent and severe infections.. Some patients with this disease receive enzyme replacement therapy with weekly injections of the drug PEG-ADA (ADAGEN). This drug may increase the number of immune cells and reduce infections, but it is not a cure. Gene transfer therapy, in which a normal ADA gene is inserted into the patient s cells, attempts to correct the underlying cause of disease. This therapy has been tried in a small number of patients with varying degrees of success. In this study, the gene will be inserted into the patient s stem cells (cells produced by the bone marrow that mature ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00018018?cond=%22Severe+combined+immunodeficiency%22&rank=17
8-Azaadenosine | MedChemExpress8-Azaadenosine | MedChemExpress
8-Azaadenosine is a potent ADAR1 (adenosine deaminases acting on double-stranded RNA) inhibitor. 8-Azaadenosine reduces A-to-I editing activity in a leukemia cell line, restores let-7 and inhibits leukemia stem cells self-renewal in vitro. - Mechanism of Action & Protocol.
https://www.medchemexpress.com/8-azaadenosine.html
Effects of adenosine deaminase and A1 receptor deficiency in normoxic and ischaemic mouse heartsEffects of adenosine deaminase and A1 receptor deficiency in normoxic and ischaemic mouse hearts
OBJECTIVE: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) may be multifunctional, regulating adenosine levels and adenosine receptor (AR) agonism, and potentially modifying AR functionality. Herein we assess effects of ADA (and A(1)AR) deficiency on AR-mediated responses and ischaemic tolerance. METHODS: Normoxic function and responses to 20 or 25min ischaemia and 45min reperfusion were studied in isolated hearts from wild-type mice and from mice deficient in ADA and/or A(1)ARs. RESULTS: Neither ADA or A(1)AR deficiency significantly modified basal contractility, although ADA deficiency reduced resting heart rate (an effect abrogated by A(1)AR deficiency). Bradycardia and vasodilation in response to AR agonism (2-chloroadenosine) were unaltered by ADA deficiency, while A(1)AR deficiency eliminated the heart rate response. Adenosine efflux increased 10- to 20-fold with ADA deficiency (at the expense of inosine). Deletion of ADA improved outcome from 25min ischaemia, reducing ventricular diastolic pressure (by 45%; ...
https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/handle/10072/14271
Adenosine DeaminaseAdenosine Deaminase
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a protein produced by cells throughout the body and is associated with the activation of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that plays a role in the immune response to infections. The adenosine deaminase test may be used to help determine whether a person has a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TB) of the lining of the lungs (pleurae).
https://labtestsonline.org/tests/adenosine-deaminase
Types of PITypes of PI
Adenosine deaminase deficiency (also called ADA deficiency or ADA-SCID) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that causes immunodeficiency. It occurs in fewer than one in 100,000 live births worldwide. It accounts for about 15% of all cases of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). ADA-SCID is a rare disease in which patients cannot make lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and, as a result, have a severely deficient immune system. A faulty gene inherited from both parents stops production of an essential protein called adenosine deaminase (ADA), which is particularly important for the formation of lymphocytes and a functioning immune system. Children born with ADA-SCID have an impaired ability to fight off everyday infections resulting in severe and life-threatening illness. They rarely survive beyond 1-2 years unless immune function is restored. Patients with ADA-SCID initially take antibiotics and antifungal treatments to help protect themselves from serious infections, but most ...
http://immunodeficiency.ca/primary-immunodeficiency/types-of-pi/
DailyMed - ADAGEN- pegademase bovine injection, solutionDailyMed - ADAGEN- pegademase bovine injection, solution
The treatment of SCID associated with ADA deficiency with ADAGEN® (pegademase bovine) Injection should be monitored by measuring plasma ADA activity and red blood cell dATP levels.. Plasma ADA activity and red cell dATP should be determined prior to treatment. Once treatment with ADAGEN® (pegademase bovine) Injection has been initiated, a desirable range of plasma ADA activity (trough level before maintenance injection) should be 15-35 μmol/hr/mL. This minimum trough level will ensure that plasma ADA activity from injection to injection is maintained above the level of total erythrocyte ADA activity in the blood of normal individuals.. Plasma ADA activity (pre-injection) should be determined every 1-2 weeks during the first 8-12 weeks of treatment in order to establish an effective dose of ADAGEN® (pegademase bovine) Injection. After 2 months of maintenance treatment with ADAGEN® (pegademase bovine) Injection, red cell dATP levels should decrease to a range of ≤ 0.005 to 0.015 μmol/mL. ...
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=9880b900-ea23-11dc-ad56-0002a5d5c51b
Novel Exon of Mammalian ADAR2 Extends Open Reading FrameNovel Exon of Mammalian ADAR2 Extends Open Reading Frame
Background The post-transcriptional processing of pre-mRNAs by RNA editing contributes significantly to the complexity of the mammalian transcriptome. RNA editing by site-selective A-to-I modification also regulates protein function through recoding of genomically specified sequences. The adenosine deaminase ADAR2 is the main enzyme responsible for recoding editing and loss of ADAR2 function in mice leads to a phenotype of epilepsy and premature death. Although A-to-I RNA editing is known to be subject to developmental and cell-type specific regulation, there is little knowledge regarding the mechanisms that regulate RNA editing in vivo. Therefore, the characterization of ADAR expression and identification of alternative ADAR variants is an important prerequisite for understanding the mechanisms for regulation of RNA editing and the causes for deregulation in disease. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we present evidence for a new ADAR2 splice variant that extends the open reading frame of ADAR2 by
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004225
135052 | Stanford Health Care135052 | Stanford Health Care
A marked tissue-specific increase in erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity is associated with an autosomal dominantly inherited hemolytic anemia. We investigated the molecular basis of ADA overproduction by studying reticulocyte ADA mRNA from affected individuals. Analysis of proband reticulocyte ADA cDNA clones revealed normal sequence. RNase mapping demonstrated that the amount of ADA mRNA in affected reticulocytes was greater than the amount in normal B lymphoblasts, whereas ADA mRNA was undetectable in normal reticulocytes. The 5- and 3-untranslated regions of reticulocyte and B-lymphoblast ADA mRNAs from affected individuals were structurally indistinguishable from those of normal B lymphoblasts. Northern blot analysis performed under stringent hybridization and washing conditions confirmed a markedly increased amount of reticulocyte ADA mRNA in affected individuals as compared with controls. We conclude that the RBC-specific overexpression of ADA in this disorder occurs at the ...
https://stanfordhealthcare.org/publications/135/135052.html
148411 | Stanford Health Care148411 | Stanford Health Care
Hereditary deficiency of the enzyme adenosie deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4) results in an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by a marked reduction in circulating lymphocytes. We have administered 2-deoxycoformycin, a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, to a patient with a lymphoproliferative malignancy. The clinical consequences of pharmacologic inhibition of adenosine deaminase activity included an abrupt decrease in the lymphocyte count, abnormalities of renal and hepatic function, and hemolytic anemia. The plasma concentrations of adenosine and deoxyadenosine rose to peak values of 13 microM and 5 microM, respectively, and erythrocyte dATP levels increased to 110 pmol/10(6) cells over 9 days. There was a corresponding decrease in erythrocyte ATP levels from 128 to , 6 pmol/10(6) cells. A similar profound reductin in ATP occurred in the erythrocytes of a second patient. The rapid and unexpected depletion of ATP associated with dATP accumulation may account, at ...
https://stanfordhealthcare.org/publications/148/148411.html
Adenosine Deaminase | Enzyme | P212121 Store
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a purine catabolic enzyme ubiquitous in mammalian tissue which catalyzes deamination of both adenosine and 2-deoxyadenosine to inosine and 2-deoxyinosine respectively. ...
http://store.p212121.com/adenosine-deaminase/
Hyper Bilirubinemia and rapid fatal hepatic failure in severe combined immunodeficiency caused by adenosine deaminase...Hyper Bilirubinemia and rapid fatal hepatic failure in severe combined immunodeficiency caused by adenosine deaminase...
Adenosin deaminase (ADA) deficiency is the cause for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) in about 15% of patients with SCID, often presenting as T (-)B (-)NK (-)SCID. Treatment options for ADA-SCID are enzyme replacement, bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy. We here describe the first patient with ADA-SCID and fatal hepatic failure despite bone marrow transplantation from a 10/10 HLA identical related donor. As patients with ADA-SCID may be at yet underestimated increased risk for rapid hepatic failure we speculate whether hepatitis in ADA-SCID should lead to the immediate treatment with enzyme replacement by pegylated ADA. = Adenosindeaminasemangel (ADA-Mangel) ist bei 15% aller Patienten mit schwerem kombiniertem Immundefekt (SCID) ursächlich für die Erkrankung und präsentiert sich üblicherweise als T-B-NK-SCID. Behandlungsoptionen für ADA-Mangel sind Enzymersatztherapie, Knochenmarktransplantation und Gentherapie. Wir beschreiben hier den ersten Patienten mit ADA-SCID und ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/42751/
Functional genetic variation of adenosine deaminase and the effects of sleep deprivation in healthy adults - Zurich Open...Functional genetic variation of adenosine deaminase and the effects of sleep deprivation in healthy adults - Zurich Open...
Klaus, Federica Rosina Patmina. Functional genetic variation of adenosine deaminase and the effects of sleep deprivation in healthy adults. 2010, University of Zurich, Faculty of Medicine. ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/43097/
Adenosine Deaminase 2/CECR1 Overexpression Lysate (Denatured) (H00051816-T01): Novus BiologicalsAdenosine Deaminase 2/CECR1 Overexpression Lysate (Denatured) (H00051816-T01): Novus Biologicals
Adenosine Deaminase 2/CECR1 Overexpression Lysate (Denatured). Tested Reactivity: Hu. Validated: WB. Backed by our 100% Guarantee.
https://www.novusbio.com/products/adenosine-deaminase-2-cecr1-lysate_h00051816-t01
Adenosine Deaminase, RBCAdenosine Deaminase, RBC
Adenosine Deaminase, RBC,ARUP Laboratories is a national reference laboratory and a worldwide leader in innovative laboratory research and development. ARUP offers an extensive test menu of highly complex and unique medical tests in clinical and anatomic pathology. Owned by the University of Utah, ARUP Laboratories client,medicine,medical supply,medical supplies,medical product
http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-products/Adenosine-Deaminase--RBC-20935-1/
Adar - Double-stranded RNA-specific editase Adar - Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) - Adar gene & proteinAdar - Double-stranded RNA-specific editase Adar - Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) - Adar gene & protein
Has A-to-I RNA editing activity on extended dsRNA: edits RNA-binding protein Rnp4F. A-to-I editing of pre-mRNAs acts predominantly through nervous system targets to affect adult nervous system integrity, function and behavior. Essential for adaptation to environmental stresses, such as oxygen deprivation, and for the prevention of premature neuronal degeneration, through the editing of ion channels as targets.
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NII1
OriGene - Adarb1 (NM 001111056) Human ORF cDNA CloneOriGene - Adarb1 (NM 001111056) Human ORF cDNA Clone
Adarb1 - Lenti ORF clone of Adarb1 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (Adarb1), transcript variant 3, (10 ug) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
http://www.origene.com/Rat_ORF/RR200424L1.aspx
What causes adenosine deaminase severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID)?What causes adenosine deaminase severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID)?
this is a serious disease that happens when your bodys defenses stop working because of a problem with your genes. you get ada-scid only if both your parents pass on a copy of a faulty gene to you.
https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/qa/what-causes-adenosine-deaminase-severe-combined-immunodeficiency-adascid
Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase concentration of tuberculous and non-tuberculous meningitis - Journal of...Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase concentration of tuberculous and non-tuberculous meningitis - Journal of...
Background and Aim: Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is difficult because of its non-specific clinical presentations which may be confused with other disorders of central nervous system. The initiation of anti-TB medication can often be delayed because of lack of available laboratory tests. This study was aimed at evaluating the adenosine ...
http://journal.bums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=457&slc_lang=en&printcase=1&hbnr=1&hmb=1
彰化基督教醫院雲林分院 檢驗項目查詢系統彰化基督教醫院雲林分院 檢驗項目查詢系統
偵測人類胸膜液(Pleural fluid) 腺核?脫胺基?(Adenosine deaminase, ADA)所含的量，以幫助結核性肋膜炎的診斷。結核菌感染時，腦脊髓液(CSF)檢體中之ADA濃度會較其他細菌性、病毒性感染或惡性腫瘤疾病為高。 ...
http://web3.yl.cch.org.tw/LabSearch/Lab_Detail.aspx?CODE=FBIADA
Adenosine deaminase | definition of adenosine deaminase by Medical dictionaryAdenosine deaminase | definition of adenosine deaminase by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of adenosine deaminase in the Medical Dictionary? adenosine deaminase explanation free. What is adenosine deaminase? Meaning of adenosine deaminase medical term. What does adenosine deaminase mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/adenosine+deaminase
Adenosine Deaminase (Inhibitors Agonists Modulators Antagonists)-MedChemExpress.comAdenosine Deaminase (Inhibitors Agonists Modulators Antagonists)-MedChemExpress.com
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme involved in purine metabolism. It is needed for the breakdown of adenosine from food and for the turnover of nucleic acids in tissues. Present in virtually all mammalian cells, its primary function in humans is the development and maintenance of the immune system. Adenosine deaminase is considered one of the key enzymes of purine metabolism. Adenosine deaminase in humans is involved in the development and maintenance of the immune system. However, Adenosine deaminase association has also been observed with epithelial cell differentiation, neurotransmission, and gestation maintenance. It has also been proposed that Adenosine deaminase, in addition to adenosine breakdown, stimulates release of excitatory amino acids and is necessary to the coupling of A1 adenosine receptors and heterotrimeric G proteins.. ...
https://www.medchemexpress.com/Targets/Adenosine%20Deaminase.html
2020欧洲杯比分网官网-买球手机投注平台 2020欧洲杯买球 A-to-I mRNA editing in fungi: occurrence, function, and evolution
论文信息：Zhuyun Bian, Yajia Ni, Jin-Rong Xu, Huiquan Liu*.A-to-I mRNA editing in fungi: occurrence, function, and evolution. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (2019) 76:329-340.. JCR分区Q1，中科院大类分区二区，IF=6.721. 论文摘要： A-to-I RNA editing is an important post-transcriptional modification that converts adenosine (A) to inosine (I) in RNA molecules via hydrolytic deamination. Although editing of mRNAs catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in metazoans, organisms outside the animal kingdom lacking ADAR orthologs were thought to lack A-to-I mRNA editing. However, recent discoveries of genome-wide A-to-I mRNA editing during the sexual stage of the wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum, model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, Sordaria macrospora, and an early diverging filamentous ascomycete Pyronema confluens indicated that A-to-I mRNA editing is likely an evolutionarily conserved feature in ...
http://www.ravikiranrr.com/kycg2/422633.htm
Cryptococcal Pleuritis Presenting with Lymphocyte-predominant and High Levels of Adenosine Deaminase in Pleural Effusions...Cryptococcal Pleuritis Presenting with Lymphocyte-predominant and High Levels of Adenosine Deaminase in Pleural Effusions...
Co-infection with cryptococcus and tuberculosis has rarely been reported. We herein report a case of an 80-year-old man with cryptococcal pleuritis concurrent with pulmonary tuberculosis. He was admitted for progression of left pleural effusion and consolidation in the left upper lobe. Culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive in sputum, and analyses of pleural effusion revealed lymphocyte-predominant high levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA). Medical thoracoscopy revealed massive infiltration of Cryptococcus neoformans in pleura without granuloma. This is the first case report of cryptococcal pleuritis coincident with pulmonary tuberculosis. Cryptococcal pleuritis should be ruled out when the adenosine deaminase levels are elevated in pleural effusion.. ...
https://www.physiciansweekly.com/cryptococcal-pleuritis-presenting-with-lymphocyte-predominant-and-high-levels-of-adenosine-deaminase-in-pleural-effusions-coincident-with-pulmonary-tuberculosis/
In vivo T-cell dynamics during immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy in adenosine deaminase severe...
TY - JOUR. T1 - In vivo T-cell dynamics during immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy in adenosine deaminase severe combined immune deficiency. AU - Selleri, Silvia. AU - Brigida, Immacolata. AU - Casiraghi, Miriam. AU - Scaramuzza, Samantha. AU - Cappelli, Barbara. AU - Cassani, Barbara. AU - Ferrua, Francesca. AU - Aker, Memet. AU - Slavin, Shimon. AU - Scarselli, Alessia. AU - Cancrini, Caterina. AU - Marktel, Sarah. AU - Grazia Roncarolo, Maria. AU - Aiuti, Alessandro. PY - 2011/6. Y1 - 2011/6. N2 - Background: Gene therapy (GT) with hematopoietic stem cells is a promising treatment for inherited immunodeficiencies. Objectives: Limited information is available on the relative contribution of de novo thymopoiesis and peripheral expansion to T-cell reconstitution after GT as well as on the potential effects of gene transfer on hematopoietic stem cells and lymphocyte replicative lifespan. We studied these issues in patients affected by adenosine deaminase severe ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/in-vivo-t-cell-dynamics-during-immune-reconstitution-after-hemato
Robertson, CA - Patent applicationsRobertson, CA - Patent applications
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR CANCER AND CANCER STEM CELL DETECTION AND ELIMINATION - In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for inhibiting or ablating cancer stem cells. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for inhibiting the action of double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminases, or ADAR, enzymes. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating, ameliorating or preventing diseases and conditions responsive to the inhibition of cell differentiation and/or self-renewal of dysfunctional cells, cancer cells, leukemia cells, hematopoietic stem cells or cancer stem cells, e.g., leukemia or Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for inhibiting a Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway, e.g., by using a Smoothened (SMO) protein inhibitor. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/inventor/robertson-ca-3/
A Monogenic Disease with a Variety of Phenotypes: Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2
Objective: Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disorder associated with ADA2 mutations. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and ADA2 enzyme activities of patients with DADA2 compared to non-DADA2 patients. Methods: This is a descriptive study of 24 patients with DADA2 who were admitted to the Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, Pediatric Haematology, and Pediatric Immunology Departments of Hacettepe University. All ADA2 exons were screened by Sanger sequencing. Serum ADA2 enzyme activity was measured by modified spectrophotometric method. Results: Twenty-four patients with DADA2 were included: 14 with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)-like phenotype (Group 1); 9 with Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA)-like features, and 1 with immunodeficiency (Group 2). Fourteen PAN-like DADA2 patients did not have the typical thrombocytosis seen in classic PAN. Inflammatory attacks were evident only in Group 1 patients. Serum ADA2 activity was low in all patients ...
http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/23593
ADAR gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIHADAR gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH
The ADAR gene provides instructions for making a protein called RNA-specific adenosine deaminase 1 (ADAR1). This protein is involved in making changes to (editing) ribonucleic acid (RNA), a chemical cousin of DNA. Specifically, it attaches (binds) to RNA and changes an RNA building block (nucleotide) called adenosine to another nucleotide called inosine.. The ADAR1 protein is involved in the control of the innate immune response, which is the immune systems early response to foreign invaders (pathogens). The adenosine-to-inosine editing performed by ADAR1 is thought to change certain areas of the bodys own RNA that the immune system might interpret as belonging to a virus that should be attacked. In this way, the protein helps the immune system avoid inappropriate targeting of the bodys own tissues.. The ADAR1 protein is also thought to inhibit the replication and spread of certain viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C, by modifying their RNA. In addition, the ...
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ADAR
Immunodeficiency - body, viral, causes, What Are Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases?Immunodeficiency - body, viral, causes, What Are Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases?
On September 14, 1990, a four-year-old girl from Ohio sat playing quietly in her hospital bed while a solution containing white blood cells equipped with new genes dripped slowly through a needle into her vein. The girl, Ashanthi DeSilva, had been born with a serious immunodeficiency disease known as adenosine deaminase deficiency (or ADA deficiency). Because of a defective gene, she lacked an enzyme her immune system needed to work. Her treatment at the U.S. National Institutes of Health marked the first authorized test of gene therapy on a person in the United States. In the nine years that followed, some 3,000 people received experimental gene therapy for various diseases, including several more children with ADA deficiency. As a result of this therapy, Ashanthi, who also received an enzyme treatment called PEG-ADA, was able to go to school like other children instead of staying isolated from others to prevent infection. She was reported to have grown into a thriving preteen. Doctors credited ...
http://www.humanillnesses.com/original/Her-Kid/Immunodeficiency.html
Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency - Cancer Therapy AdvisorAdenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency - Cancer Therapy Advisor
To confirm the clinical diagnosis of ADA deficiency, it is first necessary to assess the patients immune function.. The workup should start with a complete blood cell (CBC) count with differential to determine absolute lymphocyte count, as well to assess lymphoid subpopulations/markers (i.e., percentages and absolute counts of CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD19+ B cells, and natural killer (NK) cell markers (CD16 and CD56)). In all ADA SCID patients, T cells, B cells, and NK cells are severely affected (T-B-NK- phenotype).. Lymphopenia with an absolute lymphocyte count of less than 2500 cells/mL in an infant definitely requires further testing. Any infant with severe or opportunistic infection should have the full diagnostic assessment. On average, SCID patients have less than 1500 lymphocytes/mL.. Total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE should be obtained. All immunoglobulin classes are usually decreased, but not always.. Evaluation of lymphocyte function ...
https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/labmed/adenosine-deaminase-ada-deficiency/
Adenosine Deaminase Assay in Different Body Fluids for the Diagnosis of Tubercular Infection :: Science Publishing Group
Diagnosis of tuberculosis from different body fluids remains challenging due to various limitations of the conventional and molecular methods. We studied the role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) assay to diagnose tubercular infection in cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal fluid and pleural fluid. Fifty three patients with tubercular meningitis, peritonitis and pleuritis were enrolled in this study on the basis of clinical, radiological, cytological, biochemical and somewhere bacteriological evidences. Cases positive by AFB smear, culture or PCR were considered as confirmed TB and other as probable TB cases. Another 28 non-TB cases were included as control. In 53 suspected TB cases ADA was found positive in highest 42 (79.2%) cases, whereas smear and/ culture in 10 (18.7%) and PCR in 18 (33.9%) cases. ADA assay revealed 100% positivity in confirmed TB cases and 14.3% in non TB cases. The sensitivity and specificity of ADA was found 79% and 86% respectively when the cut off value was used ≥ 10 IU/L for CSF and
http://article.ajbls.org/html/10.11648.j.ajbls.20150303.14.html
Expression of ADA in Biotech Tobacco Plants- Crop Biotech Update (January 23, 2013) | ISAAA.org
Adenosine diaminase deficiency is a heritable disorder caused by the absence of adenosine deaminase (ADA), an important enzyme in purine salvage pathway. The absence of ADA results in a dysfunctional immune system due to the build-up of toxic metabolites. This led Sanjeewa Singhabahu and colleagues at University of East London to produce functional human ADA in tobacco plants. They inserted a human ADA cDNA into a plant expression vector and transformed the tobacco plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Analyses confirmed the integration of the construct into the plant nuclear genome and expression of the recombinant ADA in transgenic tobacco leaves. Further analysis have revealed that the size of the recombinant ADA is similar with the human ADA. ADA-specific activities of between 0.001 and 0.003 units per mg total soluble protein were measured in crude extracts collected from transgenic tobacco plant leaves.. Read the research article at ...
http://www.isaaa.org/kc/cropbiotechupdate/article/default.asp?ID=10556
A Continuous Method for the Estimation of Adenosine Deaminase Catalytic Concentration in Pleural Effusions with a Hitachi 705...A Continuous Method for the Estimation of Adenosine Deaminase Catalytic Concentration in Pleural Effusions with a Hitachi 705...
A Continuous Method for the Estimation of Adenosine Deaminase Catalytic Concentration in Pleural Effusions with a Hitachi 705 Discrete ...
https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/12869
American Federation for Aging Research : List of GranteesAmerican Federation for Aging Research : List of Grantees
Maximiliano DAngelo, PhD, Research Associate, Salk Institute for Biological Studies: Nuclear Pore Deterioration during Aging and Its Consequences for Cellular Function. Kristian Doyle, PhD, Post-Doctoral Scholar, Stanford University: Does Increased TGF-Beta Signaling in the Elderly Increase Astrogliosis and Impair Functional Recovery Following Stroke?. Jeremy Herskowitz, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, Emory University School of Medicine: The Role of LR11 in Alzheimers Disease Pathogenesis. Maria Lehtinen, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, HHMI/Childrens Hospital Boston: Regulation of the Neural Stem Cell Niche by the Aging Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Proteome. Lingbo Li, PhD, Stanford University: Understanding the Role of RNA-editing Enzyme ADAR in Aging Neurons. Daijun Ling, PhD, Research Fellow, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope: Autophagic-Lysosomal Storage of Amyloid Beta and Its Connection to Development of Senile Plaques. Brian Onken, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, Rutgers, The State University of ...
https://www.afar.org/grantees/years/2009-recipients/
MRIMS JournalMRIMS Journal
Conclusion: Increase in serum ADA levels in the diabetic and the hypothyroid patients when compared to controls, are suggestive of an association with a common immunological disturbance. Increase in serum TSH levels in diabetes patient increase in fasting blood sugar level in hypothyroid patients, when compared to healthy controls is suggestive of diabetic patients probably suffering from subclinical hypothyroidism and patients with hypothyroidism suffering from impaired glucose metabolism.. Keywords: Adenosine deaminase, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism.. Corresponding Author: Dr. Sampath kumar, Associate Professor, Dept. of Biochemistrty, Mallareddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India.. Email: [email protected] Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA EC 3.5.4.4) is a cytosolic enzyme, primary function in humans is the development and maintenance of the immune system, which participates in the purine metabolism. [1] Immunological disturbances in ...
http://mrimsjournal.com/index.php?page=article&editorial=NQ==&type=content&year=MjAxMw==
Studies on Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency and Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) | Clinical ScienceStudies on Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency and Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) | Clinical Science
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Clinical Science.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
http://www.clinsci.org/content/93/s37/19P.1
RNA Editing by Adenosine Deaminases That Act on RNA
PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.
http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC1823043/?lang=en-ca
Brenda Bass | The Pew Charitable TrustsBrenda Bass | The Pew Charitable Trusts
Research in my laboratory is focused on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-its biologic functions and the proteins that bind it to mediate these functions. Our studies are divided between two dsRNA-mediated pathways: RNA editing by adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs), and gene-silencing (e.g., RNA interference). For both pathways we perform in vitro studies to answer mechanistic questions, and in vivo studies in C. elegans to understand biologic function. dsRNA binding proteins (dsRBPs) bind tightly to dsRNA of any sequence, and a dsRNA substrate for one dsRBP is also a substrate for others. Thus, dsRNA-mediated pathways intersect, and we also study how RNA editing affects dsRNA-mediated processes such as gene-silencing.ADARs deaminate adenosines in double-stranded regions of cellular and viral RNAs to create the nucleoside inosine. Several years ago my laboratory made the surprising discovery that the predominant site of editing by ADARs is not in codons, but in long double-stranded ...
https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/projects/pew-biomedical-scholars/directory-of-pew-scholars/1990/brenda-bass
Gene transfer and antisense nucleic acid techniques<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Gene transfer and antisense nucleic acid techniques. AU - Miller, N.. AU - Vile, R. G.. PY - 1994. Y1 - 1994. N2 - Attempts to suppress a harmful genetic trait by antisense means, or to restore a normal phenotype by gene transfer, attract much publicity. This is especially the case where clinical trials incorporating such methodologies have been initiated, such as antisense oligonucleotide therapies for some types of leukaemia, antisense gene-transfer therapy for a form of lung cancer, and gene-transfer therapies for adenosine deaminase deficiency, severe combined immunodeficiency disease, and various forms of cancer including brain tumours and melanoma. However, translation of laboratory success into treatment or control of disease is unlikely to be straightforward. Here, Nick Miller and Richard Vile summarize the rationale, problems and potential of such techniques as applied to parasitic disease.. AB - Attempts to suppress a harmful genetic trait by antisense means, or to ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/gene-transfer-and-antisense-nucleic-acid-techniques
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Mg iv or less at i took viagra any time, or dexamethasone. Unlike the cheyne-stokes breathing pattern seen in patients who have long-term adverse effects secondary to mechanical ventilation. Antibiotics may be tried for adenosine deaminase deficiency ada is an accompanying sign of anterior third of calf adapted from way lw ed, current surgical diagnosis & typical features painless, progressively enlarging mass embryonal botryoid variant in childhood and adolescence is roughly months, although some patients may be. Recommended parenteral acyclovir dosage for iv use give mg/kg over minutes, can cause oxygen consumption normally decreases by mg/ dl. General considerations factors that are less dense before menopause than those listed have been described. N engl j med. I. What does this head ct image suggest a. Sleep is a nice example of a presynaptic neuron and all must be considered. Identification of the viral infections can be used to treat iatrogenic hypothyroidism in of patients, age is the ...
https://projectathena.org/grandmedicine/i-took-viagra/11/
ampd2, adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 - Creative Biogeneampd2, adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 - Creative Biogene
AMPD2; adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2; adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 (isoform L); AMP deaminase 2; AMPD isoform L; adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 isoform L; AMP deaminase isoform L; AMPD 2; AMPD2_HUMAN; AMPD ...
https://www.creative-biogene.com/symbolsearch_ampd2.html
RES-Scanner: a software package for genome-wide identification of RNA-editing sites | GigaScience | Full TextRES-Scanner: a software package for genome-wide identification of RNA-editing sites | GigaScience | Full Text
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) provides a powerful solution for the genome-wide identification of RNA-editing sites. However, it remains a great challenge to distinguish RNA-editing sites from genetic variants and technical artifacts caused by sequencing or read-mapping errors. Here we present RES-Scanner, a flexible and efficient software package that detects and annotates RNA-editing sites using matching RNA-seq and DNA-seq data from the same individuals or samples. RES-Scanner allows the use of both raw HTS reads and pre-aligned reads in BAM format as inputs. When inputs are HTS reads, RES-Scanner can invoke the BWA mapper to align reads to the reference genome automatically. To rigorously identify potential false positives resulting from genetic variants, we have equipped RES-Scanner with sophisticated statistical models to infer the reliability of homozygous genotypes called from DNA-seq data. These models are applicable to samples from either single individuals or a pool of multiple individuals
https://gigascience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13742-016-0143-4
Cell atlas - ADARB1 - The Human Protein AtlasCell atlas - ADARB1 - The Human Protein Atlas
Cell atlas. Showing subcellular location of ADARB1 (ADAR2, ADAR2a, ADAR2a-L1, ADAR2a-L2, ADAR2a-L3, ADAR2b, ADAR2c, ADAR2d, ADAR2g, DRABA2, DRADA2, hRED1, RED1).
http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000197381-ADARB1/cell
2QVN CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE FROM PLASMODIUM VIVAX IN COMPLEX WITH GUANOSINE | 2QVN A | P15056 | BRAF | Serine...2QVN CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE FROM PLASMODIUM VIVAX IN COMPLEX WITH GUANOSINE | 2QVN A | P15056 | BRAF | Serine...
Fullscreen (supported by IE11, latest versions of Firefox, Chrome, Safari (not including iOS Safari), Edge, Chrome for Android, Samsung Internet) ...
https://cansarblack.icr.ac.uk/target/P15056/3d/2QVN_A
Adenosine Deaminase, Pleural Fluid - Wyoming Medical Center
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by ARUP Laboratories. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration has not approved or cleared this test; however, FDA clearance or approval is not currently required for clinical use. The results are not intended to be used as the sole means for clinical diagnosis or patient management decisions ...
http://wyomingmedicalcenter.testcatalog.org/show/FADPL
Magiran | Shiraz Emedical Journal، Volume:2 Issue: 4, 2001Magiran | Shiraz Emedical Journal، Volume:2 Issue: 4, 2001
Identifying tuberculosis in body fluids (Pleura, pericardium, peritoneum and cerebrospinal fluid) is still a common clinical problem with multiple pitfalls. The AIDS epidemic has reminded us of the importance of identifying tuberculosis and treating it. Since 1978 ADA has been used in the diagnosis of tuberculous effusions, which is simple and inexpensive. Other causes of increase in ADA activity in body fluids include: bacterial infections, rheumatologic diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders. Determination of ADA isoenzymes (ADA-2) helps in differentiation of tuberculosis and other causes. Although ADA isoenzymes do not detect tuberculosis in all cases, its specificity and sensitivity is much higher than traditional diagnostic tests such as skin test, smear, culture and so on. Difference between ADA levels in different studies is probably due to different methods of ADA measurement, presence of other diseases and TB epidemiology. ADA is the best test for early TB detection where TB is ...
https://www.magiran.com/volume/49719
JACUSA: site-specific identification of RNA editing events from replicate sequencing data | BMC Bioinformatics | Full TextJACUSA: site-specific identification of RNA editing events from replicate sequencing data | BMC Bioinformatics | Full Text
RNA editing is a co-transcriptional modification that increases the molecular diversity, alters secondary structure and protein coding sequences by changing the sequence of transcripts. The most common RNA editing modification is the single base substitution (A→I) that is catalyzed by the members of the Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADAR) family. Typically, editing sites are identified as RNA-DNA-differences (RDDs) in a comparison of genome and transcriptome data from next-generation sequencing experiments. However, a method for robust detection of site-specific editing events from replicate RNA-seq data has not been published so far. Even more surprising, condition-specific editing events, which would show up as differences in RNA-RNA comparisons (RRDs) and depend on particular cellular states, are rarely discussed in the literature. We present JACUSA, a versatile one-stop solution to detect single nucleotide variant positions from comparing RNA-DNA and/or RNA-RNA sequencing samples. The
https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-016-1432-8/figures/5
Adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiencyAdenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiency
Build: Wed Jun 21 18:33:50 EDT 2017 (commit: 4a3b2dc). National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 • 301-435-0888. ...
https://pharos.nih.gov/idg/diseases/umls:C2931781
Recombinant Human Adenosine Receptor A2a protein (ab126024) ReferencesRecombinant Human Adenosine Receptor A2a protein (ab126024) References
References for Abcams Recombinant Human Adenosine Receptor A2a protein (ab126024). Please let us know if you have used this product in your publication
http://www.abcam.com/recombinant-human-adenosine-receptor-a2a-protein-ab126024-references.html
Protein recoding by ADAR1-mediated RNA editing is not essential for normal development and homeostasis | Genome Biology | Full...Protein recoding by ADAR1-mediated RNA editing is not essential for normal development and homeostasis | Genome Biology | Full...
The consequences of altered ADAR1 function are severe, from embryonic lethality in mice to debilitating neurological disease and systemic interferonopathy in humans with loss-of-function alleles [22, 52], to putative oncogenic roles when overexpressed [31, 53, 54], so it is critical to clearly define the key function(s) of ADAR1. In contrast to the physiologically essential role of transcript recoding by ADAR2, the importance of recoding to the biology of ADAR1 was unknown. In addition to protein recoding, ADAR1 can edit dsRNA substrates resulting in changes in multiple aspects of miRNA biogenesis or function, affect mRNA stability, 3-UTR length and translation, and modify splice site usage in addition to altering dsRNA secondary structures, which have been proposed to interface with the innate immune sensing system [19, 55]. We now demonstrate that the absence of ADAR1-mediated editing is surprisingly well tolerated, once the innate immune sensor MDA5 is deleted. Adar1 E861A/E861A Ifih1 -/- ...
https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-017-1301-4
AID 449980 - Displacement of [3H]ZM241385 from human adenosine A2A receptor expressed in HeLa cells at 1 uM by microplate beta...AID 449980 - Displacement of [3H]ZM241385 from human adenosine A2A receptor expressed in HeLa cells at 1 uM by microplate beta...
BioAssay record AID 449980 submitted by ChEMBL: Displacement of [3H]ZM241385 from human adenosine A2A receptor expressed in HeLa cells at 1 uM by microplate beta scintillation counting.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/449980
AID 703964 - Allosteric enhancing activity at human adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in [3H]-2...AID 703964 - Allosteric enhancing activity at human adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in [3H]-2...
BioAssay record AID 703964 submitted by ChEMBL: Allosteric enhancing activity at human adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as increase in [3H]-2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine Bmax at 10 uM after 90 mins relative to control.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/703964
Publishers of academic thesis & dissertations. Free search & preview. PDF downloads. Instant access to paperback & ebook...Publishers of academic thesis & dissertations. Free search & preview. PDF downloads. Instant access to paperback & ebook...
Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome (AGS) is a rare encephalopathy which mimics a viral intrauterine infection and is characterized by calcifications of the basal ganglia, cerebral atrophy and IFN-a in the cerebrospinal fluid. AGS is a heterogenic disease associated with mutations in the gene of the exonuclease TREX1, in any of the genes codifying for the ribonuclease H2, in the phosphohydrolase SAMHD1, in the deaminase ADAR1 or in the cytoplasmic sensor MDA5. The knowledge of these functions is basic for the comprehension of the beginning of the pathogenesis of AGS. In this thesis we focused in the mechanism of Samhd1 transcription. We have seen that Samhd1 is induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli but neither by anti-inflammatory stimuli nor TNF-a, and that the induction of Samhd1 is through STAT1 pathway. We wanted to know a bit more about Samhd1 induction so we focused on the study of its promoter. We did a construct in a luciferase-reporter vector with 1500bp of Samhd1 promoter, and we saw that this region of
http://www.dissertation.com/abstracts/1125763
pegademase bovine - WellSpan Health Librarypegademase bovine - WellSpan Health Library
Pegademase bovine is a man-made form of an enzyme called adenosine deaminase (ADA). ADA is important in the body for preventing the buildup of certain proteins harmful to the white blood cells that help your body fight infections. Pegademase bovine is used to replace ADA in people with severe combined immunodeficiency...
https://www.wellspan.org/health-library/Document.aspx?id=d01180a1
Difference between revisions of User:Etienne Robillard/Notebook/Agent Ecoli:DNA methylation - OpenWetWareDifference between revisions of User:Etienne Robillard/Notebook/Agent Ecoli:DNA methylation - OpenWetWare
New page: === PH dependent enzymatic kinetics === * competitive inhibitor vs no inhibitor (-, Adenosine deaminase) * dNTP: nucleotide (purine) metabolism, may be involved in N (phosphohistidine) me...) ...
https://openwetware.org/wiki/?title=User:Etienne_Robillard/Notebook/Purine_metabolism&diff=prev&oldid=676676
RCSB PDB for 1ADDRCSB PDB for 1ADD
1ADD: A pre-transition-state mimic of an enzyme: X-ray structure of adenosine deaminase with bound 1-deazaadenosine and zinc-activated water.
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/biologyAndChemistry.do?structureId=1ADD
adarb1 Expression [Xenopus] - Xenbase Gene Catalogadarb1 Expression [Xenopus] - Xenbase Gene Catalog
Click here to close Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a current version of Chrome, FireFox, or Safari. ...
http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&tabId=1&geneId=954084
Property in Dadar Mumbai, Real Estate in Dadar Mumbai | 360 RealtorsProperty in Dadar Mumbai, Real Estate in Dadar Mumbai | 360 Realtors
Looking for property in Dadar Mumbai. Find all the details of residential and commercial India properties with its specifications & related amenities on 360realtors.com. Home buyers can feel free to call us on 1800 1200 360 for more assistance.
https://www.360realtors.com/town-houses-in-dadar-mumbai-lrid-298-13
Zab: Baby Name, Meaning & Origin | ParentsZab: Baby Name, Meaning & Origin | Parents
With thousands of names in our handbook, choosing the right on just got easier! Explore the meaning, origin, variations, and popularity of the name Zab.
https://www.parents.com/baby-names/zab/
Global ADAS Map Market Report 2021Global ADAS Map Market Report 2021
Global ADAS Map Market Report 2021 Full Report: 2350 USD Multi License (Section): 4700 USD Section Price: As below Page: 115 Chart and Figure: 124 Delivery Time: 24 hour At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 disease began to spread around the world, millions of people worldwide were infected with COVID-19 disease, and major countries around the world have implemented foot prohibitions and work stoppage orders. Except for the medical supplies and life support products industries, most industries have been greatly impacted, and ADAS Map industries have also been greatly affected. In the past few years, the ADAS Map market experienced a growth of 15, the global market size of ADAS Map reached XXX million $ in 2020, of what is about XXX million $ in 2015. From 2015 to 2019, the growth rate of global ADAS Map market size was in the range of xxx%. At the end of 2019, COVID-19 began to erupt in China, Due to the huge decrease of global economy; we forecast the growth rate of global economy
https://reportocean.com/industry-verticals/sample-request?report_id=bis187776
RÉGÉNACTIVE Redensifying Multidimensional Serum - www.jeannepiaubert.comRÉGÉNACTIVE Redensifying Multidimensional Serum - www.jeannepiaubert.com
NEW ! The Redensifying Multidimensional Serum complements the RÉGÉNACTIVE line to offer to you a restructured and redensified skin in depth, thanks to the association of COLLA-GAIN® and Matrixium. A real youthfulness boost for your skin !
https://www.jeannepiaubert.com/gb/accueil/101-regenactive-redensifying-multidimensional-serum.html
g X P W [ - 2018 N1 ̋L ꗗg X P W [ - 2018 N1 ̋L ꗗ
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https://wave.ap.teacup.com/applet/kannoy/201801/archive
g X P W [ - 2016 N9 ̋L ꗗg X P W [ - 2016 N9 ̋L ꗗ
e F P ł A Q ł A [ A p f B h A A N Z g A t A W r [ g A P U r [ g A P Q r [ g A V b t A n [ t ^ C V b t A T o A { T m o A e A Q G A Z J h C A t B C A h \ ȂǁB ...
https://wave.ap.teacup.com/applet/kannoy/201609/archive
Understanding ADA and FMLA Requirements for Employers | AscentisUnderstanding ADA and FMLA Requirements for Employers | Ascentis
The ADA and the FMLA set the standard for long- and short-term leave for most American employers. Learn about ADA and FMLA requirements and what qualifies employees for each.
https://www.ascentis.com/blog/understanding-ada-fmla-requirements-employers/
Ada Programming in Switzerland | Ada i Danmark
As you might know, I both read and post to the identi.ca Ada group, and this morning I read a notice from Gautier de Montmollin about the new Ada-Switzerland...
https://ada-dk.org/2011/07/ada-programming-in-switzerland/
Herbadent kosmetika | Kosmetika Jedenklik.czHerbadent kosmetika | Kosmetika Jedenklik.cz
Nemějte obavu z nákupu u nás. Naše obchodní podmínky splňují všechny zákonné náležitosti a dbáme na to, aby zákazník byl u nás vždy na prvním místě. Prodejem na internetu se navíc zabýváme řadu let ...
http://jedenklik.cz/kosmetika/herbadent/
Adenosine deaminaseAdenosine deaminase
... their mechanism of action is inhibition of adenosine deaminase. Adenosine deaminase deficiency GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... Adenosine deaminase (also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, or ADA) is an enzyme (EC 3.5.4.4) involved in purine metabolism. ... Adenosine deaminase deficiency leads to pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting that chronic exposure to high levels of adenosine can ... Blackburn MR (2003). "Too much of a good thing: adenosine overload in adenosine-deaminase-deficient mice". Trends in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase
Adenosine-phosphate deaminaseAdenosine-phosphate deaminase
... adenine nucleotide deaminase, and adenosine (phosphate) deaminase. The EC number for adenosine-phosphate deaminase is [EC 3.5. ... indicates that adenosine-phosphate deaminase binds to 5'-adenosine monophosphate. The pathway for adenosine-phosphate deaminase ... all of them deaminate adenosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine, 5'-AMP, and 3',5'-cyclic AMP. Inhibitors of adenosine-phosphate deaminase ... Adenosine-phosphate deaminase binds to 5'-AMP using water to break the C-N bond and replacing it with a carbonyl group. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine-phosphate_deaminase
Adenosine deaminase deficiencyAdenosine deaminase deficiency
The enzyme adenosine deaminase is encoded by the ADA gene on chromosome 20. ADA deficiency is inherited in an autosomal ... "Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Deficiency". Archived from the original on 2008-02-12. Retrieved 2008-02-28. p347, The Immune System ... Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA deficiency) is a metabolic disorder that causes immunodeficiency. It is caused by mutations ... Adenosine deaminase deficiency - Genetics Home Reference (Articles with short description, Short description is different from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase_deficiency
Adenosine deaminase 2 deficiencyAdenosine deaminase 2 deficiency
The protein product of this gene, adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2), is an extracellular enzyme that breaks down adenosine and may ... Carmona-Rivera C (2019). "Deficiency of adenosine deaminase triggers adenosine-mediated NETosis and TNF production in patients ... "The extracellular adenosine deaminase growth factor, ADGF/CECR1, plays a role in Xenopus embryogenesis via the adenosine/P1 ... Aksentijevich I (1993). "Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency". In Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJ, Mirzaa G, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase_2_deficiency
Adenosine deaminase z-alpha domainAdenosine deaminase z-alpha domain
Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (EC) converts multiple adenosines to inosines and creates I/U mismatched base ... This family consists of the N-terminus and thus the z-alpha domain of double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR), ... In molecular biology, the protein domain Adenosine deaminase z-alpha domain refers to an evolutionary conserved protein domain ... DRADA has been found to modify adenosines in AU-rich regions more frequently, probably due to the relative ease of melting A/U ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase_z-alpha_domain
Adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiency type 1Adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiency type 1
Adenosine mediates pain through adenosine receptors. MADD causes an increase of free adenosine during heavy activity which may ... Adenosine monophosphate deaminase deficiency type 1 or AMPD1, is a human metabolic disorder in which the body consistently ... AMP deaminase is an enzyme that converts adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to inosine monophosphate (IMP), freeing an ammonia ... In the brain, excess adenosine decreases alertness and causes sleepiness. In this way, adenosine may play a role in fatigue ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_monophosphate_deaminase_deficiency_type_1
Nucleic acid metabolismNucleic acid metabolism
The nucleoside, adenosine, is then deaminated and hydrolyzed to form hypoxanthine via adenosine deaminase and nucleosidase ... "Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency". Learn.Genetics. Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 31 October 2014 ... and adenosine deaminase deficiency, which causes immunodeficiency. Once the nucleotides are synthesized they can exchange ... Guanine is then deaminated via guanine deaminase to form xanthine which is then converted to uric acid. Oxygen is the final ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_metabolism
List of OMIM disorder codesList of OMIM disorder codes
APC Adenosine deaminase deficiency, partial; 102700; ADA Adenosine triphosphate, elevated, of erythrocytes; 102900; PKLR ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes
Enzyme replacement therapyEnzyme replacement therapy
When the enzyme adenosine deaminase is deficient in the body, the result is a toxic build-up of metabolites that impair ... ERT has also been used to treat patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) resulting from an adenosine deaminase ... Many ADA deficient children with SCID have been treated with the polyethylene glycol-conjugated adenosine deaminase (PEG-ADA) ... ERT has also been successful in treating severe combined immunodeficiency caused by an adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_replacement_therapy
Usama al-KhalidiUsama al-Khalidi
"A sensitive radiochemical assay for adenosine deaminase". Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology. 5 (2): 173-176. doi:10.1016/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usama_al-Khalidi
ATP deaminaseATP deaminase
This enzyme is also called adenosine triphosphate deaminase. Chung ST, Aida K (January 1967). "Purification and properties of ... In enzymology, an ATP deaminase (EC 3.5.4.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \ ... ATP deaminase from Microsporum audouini". J. Biochem. Tokyo. 61 (1): 1-9. PMID 6048966. Portal: Biology v t e (EC 3.5.4, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP_deaminase
AMP deaminaseAMP deaminase
... 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMPD1 gene. Adenosine monophosphate deaminase is an enzyme that ... Adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 catalyzes the deamination of AMP to IMP in skeletal muscle and plays an important role in ... Sims B, Powers RE, Sabina RL, Theibert AB (1999). "Elevated adenosine monophosphate deaminase activity in Alzheimer's disease ... Dale GL (1989). "Radioisotopic assay for erythrocyte adenosine 5'-monophosphate deaminase". Clin. Chim. Acta. 182 (1): 1-7. doi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMP_deaminase
ADARADAR
"Entrez Gene: ADAR Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA". Kim U, Wang Y, Sanford T, Zeng Y, Nishikura K (November 1994). "Molecular ... ADAR stands for adenosine deaminase acting on RNA. This article focuses on the ADAR proteins; This article details the ... Samuel CE (2012). Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) and A-to-I editing. Heidelberg: Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-22800-1. ... October 2014). "Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 limits RIG-I RNA detection and suppresses IFN production responding to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAR
Maria Grazia RoncaroloMaria Grazia Roncarolo
"Gene therapy for immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency". The New England Journal of Medicine. 360 (5): 447-458 ... such as Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome She led the first stem cell-based gene therapy trial for patients with adenosine deaminase- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Grazia_Roncarolo
AdenosineAdenosine
When adenosine enters the circulation, it is broken down by adenosine deaminase, which is present in red blood cells and the ... Adenosine deaminase deficiency is a known cause of immunodeficiency. The adenosine analog NITD008 has been reported to directly ... Adenosine is believed to be an anti-inflammatory agent at the A2A receptor. Topical treatment of adenosine to foot wounds in ... Adenosine used as a second messenger can be the result of de novo purine biosynthesis via adenosine monophosphate (AMP), though ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine
Shimon SlavinShimon Slavin
Jan 2009). "Gene therapy for immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency". N Engl J Med. 360 (5): 447-458. doi: ... "Consensus approach for the management of severe combined immune deficiency caused by adenosine deaminase deficiency". J Allergy ... Hospital in Milan pioneered the first successful use of gene therapy for treatment of bubble baby born with adenosine deaminase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimon_Slavin
CECR1CECR1
This gene encodes a member of a subfamily of the adenosine deaminase protein family. The encoded protein may act as a growth ... Zavialov AV, Engström A (2006). "Human ADA2 belongs to a new family of growth factors with adenosine deaminase activity". ... Charlab R, Valenzuela JG, Andersen J, Ribeiro JM (2001). "The invertebrate growth factor/CECR1 subfamily of adenosine deaminase ... factor and have adenosine deaminase activity. It may be responsible for some of the phenotypic features associated with cat eye ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CECR1
VidarabineVidarabine
The use of an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase to increase the half-life of vidarabine has also been tried, and drugs such as ... It is prone to deamination by adenosine deaminase to inosine. This metabolite still possesses antiviral activity, but is 10- ... As you can see from figure 1.1 that it is a stereoisomer of adenosine. It has a half-life of 60 minutes, and its solubility is ... This is where ara-ATP is incorporated into the DNA strand replacing many of the adenosine bases. This results in the prevention ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidarabine
VasculitisVasculitis
These include adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency and haploinsufficiency of A20. According to the size of the vessel affected, ... Meyts, Isabelle; Aksentijevich, Ivona (July 2018). "Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (DADA2): Updates on the Phenotype, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis
Gene therapyGene therapy
Four-year-old Ashanti DeSilva received treatment for a genetic defect that left her with adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA- ... The allele that codes for adenosine deaminase (ADA) was obtained and inserted into a retrovirus. Retroviruses and stem cells ... This treats children born with adenosine deaminase deficiency and who have no functioning immune system. This was the second ... Ferrua F, Brigida I, Aiuti A (December 2010). "Update on gene therapy for adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy
Lentiviral vector in gene therapyLentiviral vector in gene therapy
"Autologous Ex Vivo Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency". The New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (21): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentiviral_vector_in_gene_therapy
Severe combined immunodeficiencySevere combined immunodeficiency
... and used a retrovirus to insert a healthy adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene into them. These cells were then injected back into ... in which the patient is injected with polyethyleneglycol-coupled adenosine deaminase (PEG-ADA) which metabolizes the toxic ... "Autologous Ex Vivo Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency". New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (21): 2002 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_combined_immunodeficiency
Deoxyadenosine triphosphateDeoxyadenosine triphosphate
Patients with adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA) tend to have elevated intracellular dATP concentrations because adenosine ... Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA) Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Ribonucleotide reductases (RNR) ... deaminase normally curbs adenosine levels by converting it into inosine. Deficiency of the enzyme adenosine deaminase is known ... Research has found that dATP may be a potential toxic metabolite in adenosine deaminase deficiency. Patients in the study who ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyadenosine_triphosphate
ADARB2ADARB2
RNA-editing deaminase-2 (RED2, or ADARB2) is a member of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) adenosine deaminase family of RNA- ... "Entrez Gene: ADARB2 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B2 (RED2 homolog rat)". Hong HQ, Lin JS, Chen L (Feb 2015). "Regulatory ... Chen CX, Cho DS, Wang Q, Lai F, Carter KC, Nishikura K (May 2000). "A third member of the RNA-specific adenosine deaminase gene ... Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, Jacotot E, Lluis C, Hovanessian AG, Franco R (Apr 1997). "Adenosine deaminase binding to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADARB2
Discovery and development of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitorsDiscovery and development of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
It is deaminated intracellularly by adenosine deaminase to dioxolane guanine (DXG). DXG-triphosphate, the active form of the ... Tenofovir is an acyclic adenosine derivative. The acyclic nature of the compound and its phosphonate moiety are unique ... First it is monophosphorylated by adenosine phosphotransferase and then the monophosphate is converted to carbovir 3´- ... In 1964 dideoxyadenosine, the corresponding adenosine analogue of zalcitabine was synthesised. Dideoxyadenosine caused kidney ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_development_of_nucleoside_and_nucleotide_reverse-transcriptase_inhibitors
ADARB1ADARB1
"Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)". Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT ... Yang JH, Sklar P, Axel R, Maniatis T (April 1997). "Purification and characterization of a human RNA adenosine deaminase for ... Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, Jacotot E, Lluis C, Hovanessian AG, Franco R (April 1997). "Adenosine deaminase binding to ... Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA (Feb 2004). "Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADARB1
ADP deaminaseADP deaminase
Other names in common use include adenosine diphosphate deaminase, and adenosinepyrophosphate deaminase. Deutsch A, Nilsson R ( ... In enzymology, an ADP deaminase (EC 3.5.4.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ADP + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \ ... 1954). "On the dephosphorylation and deamination of adenosine triphosphate by actomyosin gel". Acta Chem. Scand. 8: 1898-1906. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADP_deaminase
Purine metabolismPurine metabolism
... then adenosine deaminase creates inosine Alternatively, AMP deaminase creates inosinic acid, then a nucleotidase creates ... Some of the diseases are: Severe immunodeficiency by loss of adenosine deaminase. Hyperuricemia and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome by the ... and fifth step are catalyzed by trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3, which is encoded by the GART gene. Both ... catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid A nuclease frees the nucleotide A nucleotidase creates adenosine, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purine_metabolism
OSER1OSER1
... and within a million base pairs of the adenosine deaminase locus. It was also found to have an increase in expression in cells ... "Adenosine deaminase: characterization and expression of a gene with a remarkable promoter". EMBO J. 4 (2): 437-43. doi:10.1002/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSER1
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Kameoka J, Tanaka T, Nojima Y, Schlossman SF, Morimoto C (July 1993). "Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell ... DPP-4 also binds the enzyme adenosine deaminase specifically and with high affinity. The significance of this interaction has ... Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), also known as adenosine deaminase complexing protein 2 or CD26 (cluster of differentiation 26) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4
HypogammaglobulinemiaHypogammaglobulinemia
Another emerging therapy is gene therapy, which has been used to treat X-linked SCID, SCID due to adenosine deaminase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypogammaglobulinemia
Diamond-Blackfan anemiaDiamond-Blackfan anemia
Some previously undiagnosed relatives of DBA patients were found to carry mutations, and also had increased adenosine deaminase ... and elevated adenosine deaminase levels in red blood cells. Most patients are diagnosed in the first two years of life. However ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond–Blackfan_anemia
Lightwood-Albright syndromeLightwood-Albright syndrome
Periodic Paralysis Adenosine-Deaminase Deficiency Gitelman Syndrome Lowe Syndrome Treatment of Lightwood-Albright syndrome is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightwood–Albright_syndrome
BLCAPBLCAP
A to I RNA editing is catalyzed by a family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that specifically recognize ... "Evolutionarily conserved human targets of adenosine to inosine RNA editing". Nucleic Acids Research. 33 (4): 1162-8. arXiv:q- ... adenosines within double-stranded regions of pre-mRNAs and deaminate them to inosine. Inosines are recognised as guanosine by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLCAP
Phage-assisted continuous evolutionPhage-assisted continuous evolution
PACE was also used to create a more catalytically active deoxyadenosine deaminase. Deoxyadenosine deaminase is used in base ... editors to perform the single nucleotide edit A-->T. This was done by placing adenosine-containing stop codons in the gene for ... APOBEC1 is a cytidine deaminase that has found use in base editors to catalyze the single nucleotide edit C-->T. In E. coli, ... Using this system, they evolved a deoxyadenosine deaminase with 590 fold activity compared to wild type. Esvelt, K.; Carlson, J ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phage-assisted_continuous_evolution
GRIA4GRIA4
A to I RNA editing is catalyzed by a family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that specifically recognize ... The adenosine residue is mismatched in genomically encoded transcript, however this is not the case following editing. Despite ... Editing results in the targeted adenosine, which is mismatched prior to editing in the double-stranded RNA structure to become ... adenosines within double-stranded regions of pre-mRNAs and deaminate them to inosine. Inosines are recognised as guanosine by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRIA4
MicroRNAMicroRNA
Most commonly, enzymes known as adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) catalyze adenosine to inosine (A to I) transitions. ... Lewis BP, Burge CB, Bartel DP (January 2005). "Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of ... polyadenylated with multiple adenosines (a poly(A) tail), and spliced. Animal miRNAs are initially transcribed as part of one ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA
Adenosine monophosphateAdenosine monophosphate
AMP can be converted into IMP by the enzyme myoadenylate deaminase, freeing an ammonia group. In a catabolic pathway, adenosine ... Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide. AMP consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ... "Adenosine monophosphate". The Human Metabolome Database. Retrieved 3 July 2020. Maiuolo J, Oppedisano F, Gratteri S, Muscoli C ... Krishan S, Richardson DR, Sahni S (March 2015). "Adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase and its key role in catabolism: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_monophosphate
IsomiRIsomiR
... some of them can be explained by current Adenosine_deaminase like A to G or C to U, in a similar way to what happens in post- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsomiR
FLNAFLNA
A to I RNA editing is catalyzed by a family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that specifically recognize ... The edited adenosine is located in the 22 immunogloulin[check spelling] like repeat of the protein. This region is an integrin ... The Glutamine (Q) codon is altered due to a site specific deamination of an adenosine at the editing site to an Arginine (R) ... "Evolutionarily conserved human targets of adenosine to inosine RNA editing". Nucleic Acids Res. 33 (4): 1162-8. arXiv:q-bio/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLNA
Adar (disambiguation)Adar (disambiguation)
... a type of Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA "Adar" (The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power), an episode of the first season ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adar_(disambiguation)
Z-DNAZ-DNA
The N-terminus is made of up a sequence similar to that of the Zα domain, also called Adenosine deaminase z-alpha domain, while ... double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94 (16): 8421-8426. Bibcode:1997PNAS ... double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94 (16): 8421-8426. Bibcode:1997PNAS ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-DNA
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolaseS-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase
AdoHcyase is significantly associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency, which classically manifests in severe combine ... deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase-deficient patients". J Clin Invest. 63 (4): 807-811. doi:10.1172/JCI109367. PMC 372019. ... responsible for the reversible hydration of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine into adenosine and homocysteine. AdoHcyase is a ... immunodeficiency (SCID). Accumulated adenosine derivatives, dATPs, irreversibly bind to and inhibit AdoHcyase, promoting the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine_hydrolase
Missense mRNAMissense mRNA
Two of the most prevalent deaminase reactions occur through the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme (APOBEC) and the adenosine ... Such selective substitutions of uridine for cytidine, and inosine for adenosine in RNA editing can produce differential ... RNA editing-dependent amino acid substitutions can produce missense mRNA's of which occur through hydrolytic deaminase ... and the deamination of adenosine to inosine (A-to-I), respectively. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missense_mRNA
Hepatitis DHepatitis D
However, editing by cellular enzyme adenosine deaminase-1 changes the stop codon to UGG, allowing the large-HDAg to be produced ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_D
5-HT2C receptor5-HT2C receptor
A to I RNA editing is catalyzed by a family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that specifically recognize ... The type of RNA editing that occurs in the pre-mRNA of the 5HT2CR is Adenosine to Inosine (A to I) editing. ... adenosines within double-stranded regions of pre-mRNAs and deaminate them to inosine. Inosines are recognised as guanosine by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-HT2C_receptor
GRIK1GRIK1
A to I RNA editing is catalyzed by a family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that specifically recognize ... adenosines within double-stranded regions of pre-mRNAs and deaminate them to inosine. Inosines are recognised as guanosine by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRIK1
AMP deaminase 2AMP deaminase 2
"Entrez Gene: AMPD2 adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 (isoform L)". Orth MF, Gerke JS, Knösel T, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Musa J, ... AMP deaminase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMPD2 gene. High AMPD2 expression levels correlate with poor ... Mahnke-Zizelman DK, Sabina RL (Nov 1992). "Cloning of human AMP deaminase isoform E cDNAs. Evidence for a third AMPD gene ... Bausch-Jurken MT, Mahnke-Zizelman DK, Morisaki T, Sabina RL (1992). "Molecular cloning of AMP deaminase isoform L. Sequence and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMP_deaminase_2
List of enzymesList of enzymes
Adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4) GTP cyclohydrolase I (EC 3.5.4.16) Category:EC 3.5.5 (In nitriles) Nitrilase (EC 3.5.5.1) ... adenosine-forming) Category:EC 4.1.1 Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) Uridine monophosphate synthetase (EC 4.1.1.23) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_enzymes
StrimvelisStrimvelis
Retrieved 2017-02-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) "Strimvelis for treating adenosine deaminase deficiency-severe ... in the gene needed to make an enzyme called adenosine deaminase (ADA). As a result, people lack the ADA enzyme. Because ADA is ... recommended marketing approval for its use in children with adenosine deaminase deficiency, for whom no matched HSC donor is ... is a medication used to treat severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID). The most ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strimvelis
Vascular resistanceVascular resistance
This is the principle behind adenosine stress testing. Adenosine is quickly broken down by adenosine deaminase, which is ... Most of the adenosine that is produced leaves the cell and acts as a direct vasodilator on the vascular wall. Because adenosine ... Adenosine most likely does not play a role in maintaining the vascular resistance in the resting state. However, it causes ... Adenosine is formed in the myocardial cells during hypoxia, ischemia, or vigorous work, due to the breakdown of high-energy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_resistance
2016 in science2016 in science
27 May - Strimvelis, an ex-vivo stem cell gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency, and the first gene therapy for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_in_science
Adenosine deaminase deficiency: MedlinePlus GeneticsAdenosine deaminase deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency is an inherited disorder that damages the immune system and causes severe combined ... medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/adenosine-deaminase-deficiency/ Adenosine deaminase deficiency. ... mediated immunosuppression and the role of adenosine in causing the immunodeficiency associated with adenosine deaminase ... Adenosine deaminase deficiency is caused by mutations in the ADA gene. This gene provides instructions for producing the enzyme ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/adenosine-deaminase-deficiency/
RCSB PDB - 1Z3A: Crystal structure of tRNA adenosine deaminase TadA from Escherichia coliRCSB PDB - 1Z3A: Crystal structure of tRNA adenosine deaminase TadA from Escherichia coli
Crystal structure of tRNA adenosine deaminase TadA from Escherichia coli ... The essential tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine at the wobble position of ... The essential tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine at the wobble position of ... tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase. A, B. 168. Escherichia coli. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: tadA. EC: 3.5.4 (PDB Primary Data), ...
https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1Z3A
JCI - Correlation of adenosine deaminase activity with cell surface markers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.JCI - Correlation of adenosine deaminase activity with cell surface markers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Correlation of adenosine deaminase activity with cell surface markers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.. J F Smyth, D G Poplack ... Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity has been measured in the lymphoblasts of 23 untreated patients with acute lymphoblastic ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/109179
Direct Association of Adenosine Deaminase with a T Cell Activation Antigen, CD26 - NASA/ADSDirect Association of Adenosine Deaminase with a T Cell Activation Antigen, CD26 - NASA/ADS
... acid sequence analysis and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that this 43-kilodalton protein was adenosine deaminase ( ... Direct Association of Adenosine Deaminase with a T Cell Activation Antigen, CD26 *Kameoka, Junichi ... acid sequence analysis and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that this 43-kilodalton protein was adenosine deaminase ( ...
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993Sci...261..466K
Search of: adenosine AND Deaminase AND stem cell AND Vector AND Vector AND Hematopoietic - Results on Map - ClinicalTrials.govSearch of: adenosine AND Deaminase AND stem cell AND Vector AND Vector AND Hematopoietic - Results on Map - ClinicalTrials.gov
13 Studies found for: adenosine AND Deaminase AND stem cell AND Vector AND Vector AND Hematopoietic ...
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results/map?term=adenosine+AND+Deaminase+AND+stem+cell+AND+Vector+AND+Vector+AND+Hematopoietic&map=ES
Different functional subsets of cultured murine T cells express characteristic levels of adenosine deaminase activity -...Different functional subsets of cultured murine T cells express characteristic levels of adenosine deaminase activity -...
The level of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in mouse T-lymphocyte cultures was studied under different growth-supporting ... Different functional subsets of cultured murine T cells express characteristic levels of adenosine deaminase activity. ...
https://research.pasteur.fr/en/publication/different-functional-subsets-of-cultured-murine-t-cells-express-characteristic-levels-of-adenosine-deaminase-activity/
Response to: Total adenosine deaminase highly correlated with adenosine deaminase 2 activity in serum by Gao et al. |...Response to: 'Total adenosine deaminase highly correlated with adenosine deaminase 2 activity in serum' by Gao et al. |...
Total adenosine deaminase highly correlated with adenosine deaminase 2 activity in serum by Gao et al. ... Response to: Total adenosine deaminase highly correlated with adenosine deaminase 2 activity in serum by Gao et al. Journal ...
https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub1432037
Adenosine deaminase is a specific partner for the Grb2 isoform Grb3-3. | DrugBank OnlineAdenosine deaminase is a specific partner for the Grb2 isoform Grb3-3. | DrugBank Online
Adenosine deaminase is a specific partner for the Grb2 isoform Grb3-3. ... We have identified adenosine deaminase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism whose deficiency is associated with severe ... Adenosine deaminase is a specific partner for the Grb2 isoform Grb3-3. ... Adenosine deaminase is a specific partner for the Grb2 isoform Grb3-3. ...
https://go.drugbank.com/articles/A13219
IMSEAR at SEARO: Localization of mycobacteral smegmatis adenosine deaminase.
Thus M.smegmatic adenosine deaminase may be a cytosolic enzyme and it does not excreted in to the surrounding media. ... Thakur A S, Rao Y N, Kabi B C, Sharma U, Khan Y J. Localization of mycobacteral smegmatis adenosine deaminase. International ... The study was carried out to check the localization of M.smegmatic adenosine deaminase for its metabolic and clinical ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/161186
Escherichia coli ASKA clone library harboring tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase (tadA) reveals resistance towards xanthorrhizol...Escherichia coli ASKA clone library harboring tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase (tadA) reveals resistance towards xanthorrhizol...
Yogiara, Kim, D, Hwang, JK & Pan, JG 2015, Escherichia coli ASKA clone library harboring tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase ( ... tadA encodes a tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase. Overexpression of E. coli W3110 imp4213 (pCA24N-tadA) conferred resistance to ... tadA encodes a tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase. Overexpression of E. coli W3110 imp4213 (pCA24N-tadA) conferred resistance to ... tadA encodes a tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase. Overexpression of E. coli W3110 imp4213 (pCA24N-tadA) conferred resistance to ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/escherichia-coli-aska-clone-library-harboring-trna-specific-adeno
Lentiviral gene therapy treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency | 2 Minute MedicineLentiviral gene therapy treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency | 2 Minute Medicine
... a lentiviral vector showed sustained ADA expression in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency from adenosine deaminase ... Tags: adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA)CD34gene therapylentivirussevere combined immunodeficiency (SCID) ... Lentiviral gene therapy treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency. bySze Wah Samuel ChanandHarsh Shah ... Study Rundown: Severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenose deaminase (ADA-SCID) is a disease of inborn errors of metabolism ...
https://www.2minutemedicine.com/lentiviral-gene-therapy-treatment-for-adenosine-deaminase-deficiency/
Pseudo-Meigs' Syndrome Presenting as Lymphocytic Pleural Effusion with Elevated Adenosine Deaminase Activity-A Case Report<...
... adenosine deaminase, hydrothorax, pleural effusion, Pseudo-Meigs syndrome, 腺苷酸脫氨基酶, 胸水, 肋膜積水, Pseudo-Meigs症候群, adenosine ... Wu, ZH & 鍾啟禮(Chi-LiC 2010, Pseudo-Meigs Syndrome Presenting as Lymphocytic Pleural Effusion with Elevated Adenosine Deaminase ... Pseudo-Meigs Syndrome Presenting as Lymphocytic Pleural Effusion with Elevated Adenosine Deaminase Activity-A Case Report. 胸腔醫 ... The analysis of the pleural fluid revealed an exudate with lymphocyte predominance and an increased adenosine
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/%E4%BB%A5ada%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E5%81%8F%E9%AB%98%E4%B9%8B%E6%B7%8B%E5%B7%B4%E7%90%83%E6%80%A7%E8%82%8B%E8%86%9C%E7%A9%8D%E6%B0%B4%E7%88%B2%E8%A1%A8%E7%8F%BE%E7%9A%84pseudo-meigs%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4%E7%97%85%E4%BE%8B%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A
Adenosine Deaminase | The Doctors LaboratoryAdenosine Deaminase | The Doctors Laboratory
The Doctors Laboratory website uses cookies to improve your experience. By continuing to use this site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies.To find out more information, please visit our Cookie Policy page.. ...
https://www.tdlpathology.com/tests/tests-a-z/tests-a/adenosine-deaminase/
IMSEAR at SEARO: Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity in patients with meningitis.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in tubercular meningitis (TBM) patients (n=20), non-tubercular ... Gautam N, Aryal M, Bhatta N, Bhattacharya SK, Baral N, Lamsal M. Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase ... Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity in patients with meningitis. ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/46657?locale=th
Hypogammaglobulinemia Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, CausesHypogammaglobulinemia Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Gene therapy for immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 29. 360(5):447-58. [QxMD ... adenosine deaminase; purine nucleoside phosphorylase; transporter 1 and 2, ATP-binding cassette (TAP1, TAP2); 4 components of ... wall abnormalities affecting the vertebral bodies and the chondrocostal junctions occur in patients with adenosine deaminase ... Hyper-IgM syndromes (including deficiencies of CD40 ligand (CD154), activation-induced cytidine deaminase [AID], and uracil- ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/136471-169471/which-cardiovascular-findings-are-characteristic-of-hypogammaglobulinemia
Table - Four Patients with COVID-19 and Tuberculosis, Singapore, April-May 2020 - Volume 26, Number 11-November 2020 - Emerging...
ADA, adenosine deaminase; AFB, acid-fast bacilli; ATT, anti-TB therapy; CT, computed tomography image; CXR, plain chest ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/11/20-2752-t1
In vivo inactivation of erythrocyte S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase by 2'-deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase-deficient...
Severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency Medicine & Life Sciences 46% ... T1 - In vivo inactivation of erythrocyte S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase by 2-deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase-deficient ... In vivo inactivation of erythrocyte S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase by 2-deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase-deficient ... In vivo inactivation of erythrocyte S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase by 2-deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase-deficient ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/in-vivo-inactivation-of-erythrocyte-s-adenosylhomocysteine-hydrol
Adenosine Deaminase and Adenylate Deaminase: Comparative Kinetic Studies with Transition State and Ground State Analog...Adenosine Deaminase and Adenylate Deaminase: Comparative Kinetic Studies with Transition State and Ground State Analog...
T1 - Adenosine Deaminase and Adenylate Deaminase. T2 - Comparative Kinetic Studies with Transition State and Ground State ... title = "Adenosine Deaminase and Adenylate Deaminase: Comparative Kinetic Studies with Transition State and Ground State Analog ... Adenosine Deaminase and Adenylate Deaminase: Comparative Kinetic Studies with Transition State and Ground State Analog ... Adenosine Deaminase and Adenylate Deaminase: Comparative Kinetic Studies with Transition State and Ground State Analog ...
https://profiles.wustl.edu/en/publications/adenosine-deaminase-and-adenylate-deaminase-comparative-kinetic-s
Adenosine deaminase-based measurement in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion: a multicenter retrospective study. |...Adenosine deaminase-based measurement in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion: a multicenter retrospective study. |...
Adenosine deaminase; diagnosis; malignant pleural effusion; parapneumonic effusion; pleural effusion; tuberculous pleural ... Adenosine deaminase-based measurement in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion: a multicenter retrospective study. ... Adenosine deaminase-based measurement in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion: a ... and studies have reported on the potential role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the differential diagnosis of undiagnosed ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-36846945
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical...Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Medication: Antineoplastics, Other, Immunomodulators, Antineoplastics, Monoclonal Antibody, Topical...
Pentostatin (a potent adenosine deaminase inhibitor) * Gemcitabine [136] * Histone deacetylase inhibitors (eg, romidepsin [137 ...
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-medication
Serum adenosine deaminase and cytidine deaminase activities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus | AVESİSSerum adenosine deaminase and cytidine deaminase activities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus | AVESİS
We evaluated serum total adenosine deaminase, its isoenzymes adenosine deaminase-1 and adenosine deaminase-2, and cytidine ... When compared to the healthy controls, serum total adenosine deaminase, adenosine deaminase-2 and cytidine deaminase levels ... Serum adenosine deaminase and cytidine deaminase activities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ... Keywords: adenosine deaminase, cytidine deaminase, systemic lupus erythematosus, RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS, DISEASE-ACTIVITY, ...
https://avesis.bozok.edu.tr/yayin/8322b5dc-1d83-4925-9666-00aa2109df31/serum-adenosine-deaminase-and-cytidine-deaminase-activities-in-patients-with-systemic-lupus-erythematosus
Browse Articles | Bone Marrow TransplantationBrowse Articles | Bone Marrow Transplantation
Generation of normal lymphocyte populations following transplantation of adenosine-deaminase-deficient fetal liver cells *AAJ ...
https://www.nature.com/bmt/articles?searchType=journalSearch&sort=PubDate&page=507&error=cookies_not_supported&code=a584f159-05b0-46b6-bff4-ab092cbf351b
Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market Size, Company Revenue Share, Key Drivers & Trend Analysis, 2020-2027 - iCrowdNewswireAdenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market Size, Company Revenue Share, Key Drivers & Trend Analysis, 2020-2027 - iCrowdNewswire
2020-2027 Reports and Data has recently published a new research report on Global Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market that ... Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market Size, Company Revenue Share, Key Drivers & Trend Analysis, ... Keywords: Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market, Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market size, Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency ... Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market trends, Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market forecast, Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency ...
https://icrowdnewswire.com/2021/07/12/adenosine-deaminase-deficiency-market-size-company-revenue-share-key-drivers-amp-trend-analysis-2020-2027/
Zinc in PDB 6n9m: Crystal Structure of Adenosine Deaminase From Salmonella Typhimurium with Pentostatin (Deoxycoformycin)
Crystal Structure of Adenosine Deaminase From Salmonella Typhimurium with Pentostatin (Deoxycoformycin) ... A full contact list of Zinc with other atoms in the Zn binding site number 1 of Crystal Structure of Adenosine Deaminase From ... The structure of Crystal Structure of Adenosine Deaminase From Salmonella Typhimurium with Pentostatin (Deoxycoformycin) also ... N.Maltseva, Y.Kim, S.Grimshaw, A.Joachimiak. Crystal Structure of Adenosine Deaminase From Salmonella Typhimurium Complexed ...
http://zinc.atomistry.com/pdb6n9m.html
Profile of circulating microRNAs in myalgic encephalomyelitis and their relation to symptom severity, and disease...Profile of circulating microRNAs in myalgic encephalomyelitis and their relation to symptom severity, and disease...
Similarly, hsa-miR-29a-3p is predicted to target genes such as ADA (Adenosine Deaminase), ITGB1 (Integrin Subunit Beta 1) and ... Van De Wiele, C. J. et al. Further differentiation of murine double-positive thymocytes is inhibited in adenosine deaminase- ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-76438-y?fbclid=IwAR3LphYMqzLHxrPpSoxFwYqs15J8x8LSTKvspThsTjiy8v6orYWKmtkgfFw&error=cookies_not_supported&code=96cdfe8d-bf6e-44ea-8e46-8631e9633201
Increased adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in rheumatoid arthritisIncreased adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in rheumatoid arthritis
RNA editing of Alu retroelements is a primate-specific mechanism mediated by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that ... Increased adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in rheumatoid arthritis J Autoimmun. 2020 Jan;106:102329. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut. ... Both baseline ADAR1p150 expression and individual adenosine RNA editing rate of cathepsin S AluSx+ decreased after treatment ... Objective: Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31493964/
Structural and metabolic specificity of methylthiocoformycin for malarial adenosine deaminases<...Structural and metabolic specificity of methylthiocoformycin for malarial adenosine deaminases<...
Erythrocyte adenine nucleotides are the source of the purine precursors, making adenosine deaminase (ADA) a key enzyme in the ... Erythrocyte adenine nucleotides are the source of the purine precursors, making adenosine deaminase (ADA) a key enzyme in the ... Erythrocyte adenine nucleotides are the source of the purine precursors, making adenosine deaminase (ADA) a key enzyme in the ... Erythrocyte adenine nucleotides are the source of the purine precursors, making adenosine deaminase (ADA) a key enzyme in the ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/structural-and-metabolic-specificity-of-methylthiocoformycin-for--2
Severe combined immunodTRNA-specific adenosine deaminaseDeficiency of adenosine deaminaseEnzyme adenosine deaminaseInosineCerebrospinal fluidInhibitorInhibitorsSCIDPentostatinModulatesIMSEAR at SEAROProteinsLymphocytePleural EffusionADARsPurinePatientsCytosolicActivityMetabolicExtracellularStructuralMeasurementSerumDiseaseProteinFrequencyToxicEHNALevelCellImportantOccurEssentialResearchFunctionAnalysisStudy
Severe combined immunod4
  • Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency is an inherited disorder that damages the immune system and causes severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). (medlineplus.gov)
  • We have identified adenosine deaminase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism whose deficiency is associated with severe combined immunodeficiency, as a Grb3-3 binding protein that is not able to bind to Grb2. (drugbank.com)
  • 1. Treatment with autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells transduced with human ADA via a lentiviral vector showed sustained ADA expression in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency from adenosine deaminase deficiency. (2minutemedicine.com)
  • Severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenose deaminase (ADA-SCID) is a disease of inborn errors of metabolism resulting in severely impaired immune function. (2minutemedicine.com)
TRNA-specific adenosine deaminase2
  • The essential tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine at the wobble position of tRNAs. (rcsb.org)
  • tadA encodes a tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase. (elsevier.com)
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase1
  • The cytotoxic nucleoside 2'-deoxyadenosine is excreted in excessive amounts by individuals with genetic deficiency of adenosine deaminase, and may be in part responsible for the severe combined immune dysfunction from which they suffer. (elsevier.com)
Enzyme adenosine deaminase3
  • This gene provides instructions for producing the enzyme adenosine deaminase. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a multifunctional protein that can both degrade adenosine and bind extracellularly to adenosine receptors, acting as an allosteric modulator regulating the hormonal effects of adenosine. (ub.es)
  • Another form of the disorder is due to a deficiency of the enzyme adenosine deaminase. (msdmanuals.com)
Inosine3
  • Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing of Alu retroelements is a primate-specific mechanism mediated by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) that diversifies transcriptome by changing selected nucleotides in RNA molecules. (nih.gov)
  • They bind to RNA and convert some of the adenosine (A) bases to inosine (I), which is read by the cell's translation machinery as guanosine (G). (eurekalert.org)
  • An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ADENOSINE to INOSINE with the elimination of AMMONIA . (bvsalud.org)
Cerebrospinal fluid3
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity in patients with meningitis. (who.int)
  • Gautam N, Aryal M, Bhatta N, Bhattacharya SK, Baral N, Lamsal M. Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity in patients with meningitis. (who.int)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in tubercular meningitis (TBM) patients (n=20), non-tubercular meningitis (NTBM) patients (n=10) and non-tubercular non-meningitis (NTBNM) cases (n=15) were measured by the method based on Berthlot's reaction. (who.int)
Inhibitor2
  • and adenosine response curves were obtained with and without the adenosine uptake blocker, dipyridamole, and the adenosine-deaminase inhibitor, erythro-9,2-hydroxyl-3-nonyl-adenine (EHNA), in the incubation medium. (cdc.gov)
  • Comment: Pentostatin is a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (pegademase). (medscape.com)
Inhibitors3
  • A number of transition state analogues and other inhibitors have been investigated by stopped-flow kinetic techniques with respect to inhibition of rabbit muscle adenylate deaminase and calf intestinal adenosine deaminase. (wustl.edu)
  • In the course of the work, two new transition state analogue inhibitors are reported for adenylate deaminase: coformycin 5-phosphate and 1,6- dihydro-6-hydroxymethylpurine ribotide. (wustl.edu)
  • The sensitivity of denuded lung trachealis compared to intact trachealis to adenosine was increased significantly in the presence of the adenosine uptake and degradation inhibitors. (cdc.gov)
SCID4
  • One cause of SCID is a mutation in the gene for an enzyme called adenosine deaminase (ADA). (nih.gov)
  • REVCOVI is a drug used to treat adenosine deaminase severe combined immune deficiency (ADA-SCID) in pediatric and adult patients. (fda.gov)
  • ADA-SCID is a rare, inherited, genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme. (fda.gov)
  • The FDA approved REVCOVI based on evidence from two clinical trials (Trial 1/ NCT01420627 and Trial 2/STM-279-301) of ten patients with adenosine deaminase severe combined immune deficiency (ADA-SCID). (fda.gov)
Pentostatin1
  • Crystal Structure of Adenosine Deaminase From Salmonella Typhimurium Complexed with Pentostatin (Deoxycoformycin) (Casp Target) To Be Published . (atomistry.com)
Modulates1
  • The catalytic site structural gate of adenosine deaminase allosterically modulates ligand binding to adenosine receptors. (ub.es)
IMSEAR at SEARO1
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Localization of mycobacteral smegmatis adenosine deaminase. (who.int)
Proteins1
  • The expression of two double-stranded RNA binding proteins, the RNA adenosine deaminase (ADAR) 1 and the PKR Activator (PACT) is induced during HIV-1 infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Lymphocyte2
  • The level of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in mouse T-lymphocyte cultures was studied under different growth-supporting conditions and in mixed lymphocyte culture-derived long-term T-cell lines and clones. (pasteur.fr)
  • The analysis of the pleural fluid revealed an exudate with lymphocyte predominance and an increased adenosine deaminase (ADA) level (49 IU/L). The patient was treated as having tuberculous (TB) pleurisy initially. (elsevier.com)
Pleural Effusion3
  • Wu, ZH & 鍾啟禮(Chi-LiC 2010, ' Pseudo-Meigs' Syndrome Presenting as Lymphocytic Pleural Effusion with Elevated Adenosine Deaminase Activity-A Case Report ', 胸腔醫學 , vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 44-50. (elsevier.com)
  • Adenosine deaminase-based measurement in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion: a multicenter retrospective study. (bvsalud.org)
  • The differential diagnosis of pleural effusion is difficult, and studies have reported on the potential role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the differential diagnosis of undiagnosed pleural effusion . (bvsalud.org)
ADARs1
  • These enzymes are called adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). (eurekalert.org)
Purine2
  • Erythrocyte adenine nucleotides are the source of the purine precursors, making adenosine deaminase (ADA) a key enzyme in the pathway of hypoxanthine formation. (elsevier.com)
  • In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathological manifestations of purine dysmetabolisms, focusing on the newly described/hypothesized roles of cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II, adenosine kinase, adenosine deaminase, HPRT, and xanthine oxidase. (unipi.it)
Patients4
  • Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity has been measured in the lymphoblasts of 23 untreated patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and related to the presence or absence of immunologic cell surface markers. (jci.org)
  • In this communication the authors have demonstrated similar inactivation of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in hemolysate and in intact erythrocytes, as well as a striking deficiency of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase activity in the erythrocytes of 3 adenosine deaminase-deficient patients. (elsevier.com)
  • Both baseline ADAR1p150 expression and individual adenosine RNA editing rate of cathepsin S AluSx + decreased after treatment only in those patients with good clinical response. (nih.gov)
  • CSF examination done in each patients and adenosine deaminase (ADA) level estimated. (journalcra.com)
Cytosolic1
  • Thus M.smegmatic adenosine deaminase may be a cytosolic enzyme and it does not excreted in to the surrounding media. (who.int)
Activity5
  • Mutations in the ADA gene reduce or eliminate the activity of adenosine deaminase and allow the buildup of deoxyadenosine to levels that are toxic to lymphocytes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Correlation of adenosine deaminase activity with cell surface markers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (jci.org)
  • Response to: 'Total adenosine deaminase highly correlated with adenosine deaminase 2 activity in serum' by Gao et al. (duke.edu)
  • In this work, alanine scanning mutagenesis of various ADA amino acid stretches, selected through in silico docking experiments, allowed us to identify regions of the enzyme responsible for modulating both its catalytic activity and its ability to modulate agonist binding to A and A adenosine receptors (AR and AR). (ub.es)
  • Adenosine deaminase is important not only to preserve functionality of immune system but also to ensure a correct development and function of central nervous system, probably because its activity regulates the extracellular concentration of adenosine and therefore its function in brain. (unipi.it)
Metabolic1
  • The study was carried out to check the localization of M.smegmatic adenosine deaminase for its metabolic and clinical importance. (who.int)
Extracellular1
  • It moves freely from intracellular fluid (ICF) to extracellular fluid (ECF) and vice versa when adenosine triphosphate increases the permeability of the cell membrane. (hmdb.ca)
Structural1
  • We report the first combined structural and kinetic characterization of a wobble-specific deaminase. (rcsb.org)
Measurement1
  • In suspected cases of TBM, the most important diagnostic tests are a full CSF analysis, including CSF adenosine deaminase (ADA) measurement, and radiographic evaluation, including chest radiography, CT, and MRI of the brain. (medscape.com)
Serum2
  • Serum adenosine deaminase and cytidine d. (bozok.edu.tr)
  • The membranes of polymorphonuclear neutrophils may be damaged, and cytidine deaminase may be released into serum. (bozok.edu.tr)
Disease1
  • ADA*2 allele of the adenosine deaminase gene may protect against coronary artery disease. (cdc.gov)
Protein1
  • Amino acid sequence analysis and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that this 43-kilodalton protein was adenosine deaminase (ADA). (harvard.edu)
Frequency1
  • Type-2 diabetes mellitus and the frequency of the G22A polymorphism of the adenosine deaminase gene in a mixed population in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
Toxic2
  • Adenosine deaminase converts deoxyadenosine, which can be toxic to lymphocytes, to another molecule called deoxyinosine that is not harmful. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This enzyme breaks down a toxic substance in white blood cells, If there is not enough adenosine deaminase, the toxic substance builds up, killing the white blood cells. (msdmanuals.com)
EHNA1
  • Adenosine effects were comparable in intact and epithelium stripped preparations in the absence of dipyridamole and EHNA. (cdc.gov)
Level1
  • In TPE, sBTLA and sLAG-3 correlated positively with the adenosine deaminase level. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell1
Important3
  • Hershfield MS. Genotype is an important determinant of phenotype in adenosine deaminase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • i.e., the α-1 helix containing residues L58-I72 and the loop containing residues A184-I188 of ADA, were important to maintain both the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme and its action as an allosteric modulator of the adenosine receptors. (ub.es)
  • These data are consistent with a predicted supramolecular assembly, in which ADA bridges AR and CD26 and are in line with the notion that the interaction of ADA with adenosine receptors has an important role in the immunosynapse. (ub.es)
Occur1
  • Adenosine deaminase deficiency is very rare and is estimated to occur in approximately 1 in 200,000 to 1,000,000 newborns worldwide. (medlineplus.gov)
Essential1
  • The report covers all the critical and essential information relating to the global Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency market which helps the readers and clients gain a thorough understanding of the market. (icrowdnewswire.com)
Research2
  • Reports and Data has recently published a new research report on Global Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Market that covers current development scenario and emerging trends of the market. (icrowdnewswire.com)
  • This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research and by the Réseau-SIDA Maladies Infectieuses from the Fond de la Recherche du Québec en Santé. (biomedcentral.com)
Function1
  • The function of the adenosine deaminase enzyme is to eliminate a molecule called deoxyadenosine, which is generated when DNA is broken down. (medlineplus.gov)
Analysis1
  • The report applies advanced statistical tools such as Porter's Five Forces analysis and SWOT analysis to shed light on the competitive landscape of the global Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency market. (icrowdnewswire.com)
Study1
  • Adenosine deaminase deficiency: unanticipated benefits from the study of a rare immunodeficiency. (medlineplus.gov)