Adaptor Protein Complex gamma Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex 3

Adaptor Protein Complex 1

Adaptor Protein Complex 2

Adaptor Protein Complex 4

Adaptor Protein Complex Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex delta Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits

Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport

Adaptor Protein Complex beta Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing

Clathrin

Human Characteristics

Monomeric Clathrin Assembly Proteins

AP1G2

AP1G1

Sec61 alpha 1

Synergin gamma

Clathrin adaptor protein

AP1S1

AP1M1

Vesicular transport adaptor protein

T-cell receptor

Chromosome 20

Beta2-adaptin C-terminal domain

CRKL

Interferon gamma

ABL (gene)

GAB2

TRA (gene)

List of A1 genes, proteins or receptors

GNB1

Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2

GRB2

Fc receptor

AP1B1

SNX8

COPG2

FCER1A

AP2A2

PRKAB1

G beta-gamma complex

Prostaglandin DP2 receptor

RAPGEF1

MYD88

Adapter molecule crk

NEDD9

DAP3

Alfred G. Gilman

Murine respirovirus

STAT2

EP300

Signal transduction

YWHAZ

C-Met

Inflammasome

CBL (gene)

ADCY2

Naive T cell

Heterotetrameric complex2

• Adaptor protein 4 (AP-4) is a heterotetrameric complex composed of ε, β4, μ4, and σ4 subunits that mediates export of a subset of transmembrane cargos, including autophagy protein 9A (ATG9A), from the trans -Golgi network (TGN). (nih.gov)
• Adaptins, together with medium and small subunits, form a heterotetrameric complex called an adaptor, whose role is to promote the formation of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. (nih.gov)

Ubiquitin-protei2

• Regulates E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF19A (By similarity). (nih.gov)
• The majority of early onset forms of Parkinson disease are a result of autosomal mutations in PRKN (parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) and PINK1 (PTEN induced kinase 1), which together regulate the clearance of damaged mitochondria from cells through selective autophagy of mitochondria (mitophagy). (biomed.news)

Anaphase promoti1

• Inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex by the Xnf7 ubiquitin ligase. (duke.edu)

Kinase12

• 3. A 60-kilodalton protein in rat hepatoma cells overexpressing insulin receptor was tyrosine phosphorylated and associated with Syp, phophatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Grb2 in an insulin-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
• 8. Insulin-induced egr-1 and c-fos expression in 32D cells requires insulin receptor, Shc, and mitogen-activated protein kinase, but not insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation. (nih.gov)
• 9. Insulin-dependent formation of a complex containing an 85-kDa subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and tyrosine-phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1. (nih.gov)
• 16. T cell activation-dependent association between the p85 subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Grb2/phospholipase C-gamma 1-binding phosphotyrosyl protein pp36/38. (nih.gov)
• BCR activates protein tyrosine kinase Syk , which, in turn, phosphorylates phospholipase PLC-gamma [ 3 ]. (bio-rad.com)
• T cell receptor ( TCR-CD3 complex ) transduces signals to the protein kinase ZAP70 , which further phosphorylates transmembrane adaptor LAT [ 6 ]. (bio-rad.com)
• DAG activates several isoforms of Protein kinase C ( PKC ), which stimulate v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 ( c-RAF-1 ) [ 12 ] and initiate Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 ( MEK1 and MEK2 )/ Mitogen-activated protein kinases 3 and 1 ( ERK1 and ERK2 ) cascade that, in turn, activates several transcription factors including ELK1 . (bio-rad.com)
• Further investigation revealed that IRF4 promotes constitutive NF-kB signaling in ABC DLBCL by transactivating CARD11, encoding a signaling adapter upstream of IkB kinase. (nih.gov)
• The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase is a master regulator of metabolism and aging. (biomed.news)
• The mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) is a growth-related kinase that, in the context of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), touches upon most fundamental cellular processes. (biomed.news)
• For instance, ROS can stimulate the phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/Akt), protein kinase B (PKB), and JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
• Phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulates beta2-adrenergic receptor endocytosis by AP-2 recruitment to the receptor/beta-arrestin complex. (duke.edu)

Genes6

• The physiological importance of these interactions is underscored by the observation that AAGAB-knockout cells exhibit reduced levels of AP-4 subunits and accumulation of ATG9A at the TGN like those in cells with mutations in AP-4-subunit genes. (nih.gov)
• Inactivating mutations in AP-4 subunit genes result in ATG9A accumulation in the TGN (Fig. 2), with consequent autophagic defects. (nih.gov)
• ROS are also involved in the increased expression of antioxidant genes related to the activation of transcription factors such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), activator protein 1 (AP-1), nuclear factor κ B (NF- κ B), hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1a (HIF-1a), and p53 [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
• The genes were identified from this enormous amount of data using complex prediction models and then they were numbered for easy identification. (wordpress.com)
• Recent studies have identified new NRF2 target genes and revealed several new functions of NRF2 that go beyond its redox-regulating capacities, including regulation of inflammation, autophagy, metabolism, proteostasis, and unfolded protein response (UPR), particularly in the context of carcinogenesis. (encyclopedia.pub)
• In 2004, Dr. Li was selected as co-chair of the Pathways to Discovery program, which supports research to advance our understanding of how the building blocks of the body - genes, proteins, metabolites - function and interact via complex systems to maintain health and respond to disease. (nih.gov)

Receptor17

• Adaptins are important components of clathrin-coated vesicles transporting ligand-receptor complexes from the plasma membrane or from the trans-Golgi network to lysosomes. (nih.gov)
• 1. A complex of GRB2-dynamin binds to tyrosine-phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 after insulin treatment. (nih.gov)
• 2. Insulin stimulates association of insulin receptor substrate-1 with the protein abundant Src homology/growth factor receptor-bound protein 2. (nih.gov)
• 5. Binding of the Ras activator son of sevenless to insulin receptor substrate-1 signaling complexes. (nih.gov)
• 11. Interactive roles of Ras, insulin receptor substrate-1, and proteins with Src homology-2 domains in insulin signaling in Xenopus oocytes. (nih.gov)
• 12. Differential interactions of the growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 N-SH3 domain with son of sevenless and dynamin. (nih.gov)
• 17. Sam68 associates with the SH3 domains of Grb2 recruiting GAP to the Grb2-SOS complex in insulin receptor signaling. (nih.gov)
• IP3 signaling is initiated by its binding to cognate receptors, such as B-cell antigen receptor ( BCR ) in B-cells, TCR/CD3 complex in T-cells, PDGFR in mesenchymal cells, and GPCRs. (bio-rad.com)
• The downstream signaling cascades involve several isoforms of phospholipases ( PLC-beta , PLC-gamma , PLC-epsilon ) which catalyze hydrolysis of PI(4,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate) into IP3 and DAG , Upon its release to cytoplasm, IP3 binds to IP3R (IP3 Receptor) on the surface of Endoplasmic Reticulum and mobilizes Ca(II) from internal stores [ 1 ]. (bio-rad.com)
• B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) is the multiprotein complex composed of Membrane Immunoglobulin molecules and associated Ig-Alpha( CD79A )/Ig-Beta(CD79B) heterodimer [ 2 ]. (bio-rad.com)
• The Membrane Immunoglobulin subunits bind antigens and cause receptor aggregation, while CD79A /CD79B subunits transduce signals to the cell interior. (bio-rad.com)
• Fas antigen, also termed APO-1 or CD95, is a transmembrane protein and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily which mediates apoptosis upon oligomerization. (nih.gov)
• 15)Cross-Linking of a DOPA-Containing Peptide Ligand into its G Protein-Coupled Receptor. (edu.in)
• 16)New topics in vasopressin receptors and approach to novel drugs:effects of vasopressin receptor on regulations of hormone secretion and metabolisms of glucose, fat, and protein. (edu.in)
• The rod outer segment (ROS) consists of tightly stacked membranous discs wherein the light-sensitive G-protein coupled receptor, rhodopsin, is embedded in high density [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• lt;p>The present invention is directed to a strategy to discover small peptides that will activate any G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) or inactivate any constitutively active GPCR. (nih.gov)
• The method of the subject invention comprises expressing a peptide of a peptide library tethered to a G protein coupled receptor of interest in a cell, and monitoring the cell to determine whether the peptide is an agonist or negative antagonist of the GPCR of interest. (nih.gov)

Adaptin4

• Here, we report that the alpha- and gamma-adaptin-binding protein (AAGAB, also known as p34) binds to and stabilizes the AP-4 ε and σ4 subunits, thus promoting complex assembly. (nih.gov)
• A family of large adaptin protein subunits of approximately 90 KDa in size. (nih.gov)
• The adaptin family of proteins is composed of four classes of molecules named alpha, beta-, beta prime- and gamma- adaptins. (nih.gov)
• The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family. (nih.gov)

Transmembrane proteins3

• Our laboratory investigates the molecular mechanisms by which transmembrane proteins (referred to as "cargo") are sorted to different compartments of the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells. (nih.gov)
• A major focus of research in our laboratory is on processes mediated by recognition of sorting signals in the cytosolic tails of transmembrane proteins by adaptor proteins that are components of protein coats (Fig. 1). (nih.gov)
• Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane proteins expressed on the surface of ovarian cancer (OC) and immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Mutations4

• AP-4 has received particular attention in recent years because mutations in any of its subunits cause a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia referred to as "AP-4-deficiency syndrome. (nih.gov)
• This syndrome is one of many diseases, known as "coatopathies", which are caused by mutations in components of protein coats (Dell'Angelica and Bonifacino. (nih.gov)
• denoting the phosphorylated overall: congenital download data mining and predictive analysis intelligence mutations bond with proteins who generate with a metabolism with a other Expression. (evakoch.com)
• Mutations in KRIT1, a protein initially identified based on a yeast two-hybrid interaction with the RAS-family GTPase RAP1A, are responsible for the development of the inherited vascular disorder cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM1). (nih.gov)

CD79B1

• In over 20% of ABC DLBCL tumors, the CD79B or CD79A subunits of the BCR are somatically mutated so as to perturb their ITAM signaling motifs. (nih.gov)

Binds3

• Ca(II) / calmodulin complex binds to and stimulates Ca(II)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases CaMKK , CaMKII and CaMKIV . (bio-rad.com)
• P61959.1 MADEKPKEGVKTENNDHINLKVAGQDGSVVQFKIKRHTPLSKLMKAYCERQGLSMRQIRFRFDGQPINETDTPAQLEMEDEDTIDVFQQQTGGVY 1367453_at NP_446195 6.42 hsp90 co-chaperone Cdc37 Cdc37 Rattus norvegicus " Co-chaperone that binds to numerous kinases and promotes their interaction with the Hsp90 complex, resulting in stabilization and promotion of their activity. (nih.gov)
• The ternary complex containing UFD1L, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. (nih.gov)

Kinases1

• Knockdown of any BCR subunit or downstream kinases in this pathway proved lethal for ABC DLBCL cell lines because this pathway engages the anti-apoptotic NF-kB module. (nih.gov)

Cellular6

• Here, we describe a principled Bayesian approach, BANDLE, that uses these data to compute the probability that a protein differentially localises upon cellular perturbation. (nature.com)
• Condensates separation from the surrounding CYTOPLASM or nucleoplasm or by the concentration of proteins and nucleic acids into droplets as they aggregate on static cellular structures such as CELL MEMBRANES. (nih.gov)
• This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. (nih.gov)
• Under oxidative stress conditions, excessive ROS can damage cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA, leading to cell damage that may contribute to carcinogenesis. (hindawi.com)
• H 2 O 2 is the more stable and diffusible form of ROS, it is selectively reactive towards cysteine residues on proteins, and, in the low nanomolar range, it can control cellular signaling (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
• Light exposure triggers movement of certain signaling proteins within the cellular compartments of the highly polarized rod photoreceptor cell. (biomedcentral.com)

Adenosine2

• protein adenosine generates almost been up by molecules via AQP1 and RhAG. (evakoch.com)
• Kidney Int Suppl 27: S205-S207 [50] Mitch WE, Medina R, Grieber S, May Bllacklist, England Blackljst, Price SR, Bailey JL, Goldberg AL 1994 Meta- bolic acidosis stimulates muscle protein degrada- tion by activating the adenosine triphosphate-de- pendent pathway involving ubiquitin and protea- somes. (forexsanity.com)

Calmodulin dependent protein1

• calcium/calmodulin dependent protein k. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Nucleic acids1

• Unfortunately, most fixative agents can damage or destroy nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and damage proteins during the fixation process, thereby potentially impairing diagnostic assessment of tissue. (nih.gov)

Stimulates1

• The second BRCT domain of BRCA1 proteins interacts with p53 and stimulates transcription from the p21WAF1/CIP1 promoter. (embl.de)

Mediates2

• Genetic interaction study shows that Drice mediates its action by regulating Rho1GTPase functionally, and localization of polarity protein Disc large . (sdbonline.org)
• Neh6 domain contains two redox-independent degrons DSGIS and DSAPGS that bind to E3 ubiquitin ligase β-transducin repeat-containing protein (βTrCP), which mediates NRF2 degradation in oxidatively stressed cells ( Figure 1 C) [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Residues1

• A fragment containing the N-terminal 272 amino acid residues of KRIT1, a region lacking similarity to any known protein upon database searches, was used as bait. (nih.gov)

Microtubule1

• Work in our laboratory focuses on the molecular machineries that mediate these processes, including (1) sorting signals and adaptor proteins that select cargo proteins for packaging into the transport carriers, (2) microtubule motors and their cognate adaptors that drive movement of the transport carriers and other organelles through the cytoplasm, and (3) tethering factors that promote fusion of the transport carriers to acceptor compartments. (nih.gov)

Phosphorylation1

• In 1984 the dominant Environmental Card was identified for 38 DM per download data mining( US at the phosphorylation) for molecular collapse within the damaged subunits( contrary and thesis). (evakoch.com)

Interactions1

• Missense variant protein expression and BAF subunit interactions were examined using 3D protein modeling, co-immunoprecipitation, and proximity-ligation assays. (bvsalud.org)

Transcription factors2

• We hypothesize that the cell-selective nuclear import of the smooth muscle gamma actin (SMGA) promoter is mediated by the transcription factors SRF and Nkx3.1/3.2 that are expressed in smooth muscle cells but not other cells of the airway. (americanasthmafoundation.org)
• A recurrent theme that emerges from these unbiased genetic approaches is that the lymphoid malignancies co-opt signaling proteins and transcription factors that are used in normal B cell differentiation and activation. (nih.gov)

Tyrosine6

• In previous work, we showed that tyrosine-based signals bind to a conserved site on the mu1, mu2 and mu3 subunits of three hetero-tetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes, AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3, respectively. (nih.gov)
• We subsequently found that a subset of tyrosine-based sorting signals fitting the consensus motif YXX[FL]E (where X is any amino acid) bind to the mu4 subunit of another AP complex named AP-4. (nih.gov)
• 4. Role of SH-PTP2, a protein-tyrosine phosphatase with Src homology 2 domains, in insulin-stimulated Ras activation. (nih.gov)
• 7. The SH2/SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2 interacts with tyrosine-phosphorylated IRS1 and Shc: implications for insulin control of ras signalling. (nih.gov)
• 15. A complex of Grb2 adaptor protein, Sos exchange factor, and a 36-kDa membrane-bound tyrosine phosphoprotein is implicated in ras activation in T cells. (nih.gov)
• remaining its protein by a tyrosine in 2007, the sensitivity of Greensburg, Kansas( United States) primed to be to predominantly additional secretory effector phosphorylated coreceptors. (erik-mill.de)

Actin1

• actin related protein 2/3 complex subu. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Regulatory2

• Emerging evidence shows that NRF2 lies at the center of a complex regulatory network and establishes NRF2 as a truly pleiotropic transcription factor. (encyclopedia.pub)
• Here we summarize the complex regulatory network of NRF2 activity and its roles in metabolic reprogramming, unfolded protein response, proteostatsis, autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and immunity. (encyclopedia.pub)

Stimulate1

• Here we show that BRCA1a and BRCA1b proteins stimulate p53-dependent transcription from the p21WAF1/CIP1 promoter. (embl.de)

Bind1

• Dileucine-based signals, on the other hand, bind to a different site on the surface of two subunits, gamma-sigma1, alpha-sigma2 and delta-sigma3, of the corresponding AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 complexes. (nih.gov)

Extracellular1

• Extracellular and organization of tissue-specific proteins and polysaccharides. (nih.gov)

Enzymes3

• Over 150 enzymes contain known removed in proteins, and Similarly a download data mining and predictive analysis intelligence of these is located found. (evakoch.com)
• the C other requirements anterior and is the enzymes of the sialylated subunit of the Binding peroxidase. (evakoch.com)
• Both mitochondria and chloroplast use their DNA to produce many proteins and enzymes required for their function [11] . (madridge.org)

Mitochondrial2

• Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability is conferred by a family of porin proteins. (madridge.org)
• The porins in the outer membrane allow the passage of molecules smaller than 5 kilodaltons besides the large multiprotein translocase complex that recognizes mitochondrial signal sequences on larger proteins and permits their passage. (madridge.org)

Molecular1

• Each of these compartments is aligned in the layered structure of the retina (Fig. 1a ), and each contains unique molecular signatures and protein complexes [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Degradation1

• Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins (By similarity). (nih.gov)

Findings demonstrate2

• These findings demonstrate that AP-4 assembly is not spontaneous but AAGAB-assisted, further contributing to the understanding of an adaptor protein complex that is critically involved in development of the central nervous system. (nih.gov)
• Our findings demonstrate an additional function for this domain in protein-protein interaction and co-activation of p53. (embl.de)

Lysine1

• Probe Set ID Ref Seq Protein ID Signal Strength Name Gene Symbol Species Function Swiss-Prot ID Amino Acid Sequence 1367452_at NP_598278 7.9 small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 precursor Sumo2 Rattus norvegicus " Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. (nih.gov)

Abundant1

• Processes that impede normal trafficking of these abundant proteins lead to cell death. (biomedcentral.com)

Metabolism1

• Stress granules (SGs) constitute a cytoplasmic non-membranous compartment formed by RNA-protein aggregates, which control RNA metabolism, signaling, and survival under stress. (biomed.news)

Sequences2

• 10. Growth factor-induced binding of dynamin to signal transduction proteins involves sorting to distinct and separate proline-rich dynamin sequences. (nih.gov)
• The BRCT domain is not limited to the C-terminal of protein sequences and can be found in multiple copies or in a single copy as in RAP1 and TdT. (embl.de)

Interaction3

• ADAM10 is a component of the postsynaptic density, and its trafficking is controlled by the interaction between its cytoplasmic C-terminal tail and specific protein partners: synapse-associated protein 97 (SAP97) and clathrin adaptor hetero-tetramer AP2. (nih.gov)
• Some data [ ( PUBMED:9799248 ) ] indicate that the BRCT domain functions as a protein-protein interaction module. (embl.de)
• These results demonstrate for the first time the presence of a second p53 interaction domain in BRCA1 proteins and suggests that BRCA1a and BRCA1b proteins, like BRCA1, function as p53 co-activators. (embl.de)

Vitro2

• In vitro testing showed decreased protein expression for N-terminal missense variants similar to LGD. (bvsalud.org)
• We also found that BRCA1a and BRCA1b proteins interact with p53 in vitro and in vivo. (embl.de)

Hydrolysis1

• expression cross-links are proven in a universal hydrolysis of Kainate primary functions, comprising Transport as adaptors, cities or CDH1 receptors. (evakoch.com)

Membrane-bound1

• SLC6A20 requires the E2F4 and numerous sulfate membrane and does the severe T of addition strategies enterocyte-like as L-proline, N-methyl-L-proline and membrane-bound also usually as suitable complex UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and intestine( Broer & Gether 2012, Schweikhard & Ziegler 2012). (erik-mill.de)

Inhibitor2

• The combination therapy also promoted the increase in the levels of the following OC-related proteins: TLR4, MyD88, TRIF, inhibitor of phosphorylated NF-kB alpha (p-IkBα), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB p65) in both cytoplasmic and nuclear sites. (biomedcentral.com)
• therefore, using a structure-based virtual screen analysis, we identified lomitapide, a cholesterol-lowering drug, as a potential mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor. (biomed.news)

Subcellular4

• These localisations are context specific with proteins translocating between different subcellular niches upon perturbation of the subcellular environment. (nature.com)
• Differential localisation, that is a change in the steady-state subcellular location of a protein, provides a step towards mechanistic insight of subcellular protein dynamics. (nature.com)
• Proteins are localised to these niches in accordance to their function and thus to shed light on the function of a protein, it is necessary to determine its subcellular location. (nature.com)
• The COPII subunit, Sec31 , and ER exit site protein, Sec16 , are critical for subcellular tube architecture, whereas the SNARE proteins Syntaxin 5 , Syntaxin 1 and Syntaxin 18 are more generally required for seamless tube growth and maintenance. (sdbonline.org)

Transcriptional3

• Previous studies emphasized the importance of the BRCT domain, which shows homology with p53 binding protein (53BP1), in transcriptional activation, growth inhibition and tumor suppression. (embl.de)
• These results suggest that one of the mechanisms by which BRCA1 proteins function is through recruitment of CBP/p300 associated HAT/FAT activity for acetylation of p53 to specific promoters resulting in transcriptional activation. (embl.de)
• NRF2 activity is tightly regulated through a complex transcriptional and post-translational network that enables it to orchestrate the cell's response and adaptation to various pathological stressors for the homeostasis maintenance. (encyclopedia.pub)

Trans -Golgi1

• This protein along with the complex is thought to function at some trafficking step in the complex pathways between the trans-Golgi network and the cell surface. (nih.gov)

Function5

• This complex localizes to the TGN, but until recently its function was unknown. (nih.gov)
• May function in protein sorting in late endosomes or multivesucular bodies (MVBs). (nih.gov)
• Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)
• The steady-state localisation of proteins provides vital insight into their function. (nature.com)
• As the function of the KRIT1 protein and its role in CCM pathogenesis remain unknown, we performed yeast two-hybrid screens to identify additional protein binding partners. (nih.gov)

Outer4

• unvisualizable clear gels in Windsor, Victoria, Australia by DesignInc( 2006) is free distinct History, short and FACIT proteins, outer patients, process nucleotide, amine cell and institutional open form. (erik-mill.de)
• This redistribution of proteins between the inner and outer segment compartments affects the performance and physiology of the rod cell. (biomedcentral.com)
• In addition, newly synthesized phototransduction proteins traverse from the site of their synthesis in the inner segment, through the thin connecting cilium, to reach their destination in the outer segment. (biomedcentral.com)
• We introduce two peeling methods that efficiently and reliably isolate the rod outer segment and other cell compartments for Western blots to examine protein movement across these compartments. (biomedcentral.com)

Demonstrate1

• These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the two different peeling protocols for the separation of the layered compartments of the mouse retina and their utility for investigations of protein compositions within these compartments. (biomedcentral.com)

MAPK1

• NGF is gamma-aminobutyric membrane of cathepsin, a Vitamin of the MAPK membrane( Morooka synthetase, Nishida E, 1998). (evakoch.com)

Nrf21

• The architecture of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and β-transducin repeat-containing protein (βTrCP). (encyclopedia.pub)

Regulates1

• The NPLOC4-UFD1L-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope. (nih.gov)

Role1

• Dr. Li played an important role in the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research, created by the NIH in 2003 to support cross-cutting, trans-NIH programs that fill fundamental knowledge and technology gaps, and encourage innovative, high-risk/high-reward approaches to complex biomedical problems. (nih.gov)

Nuclear1

• Reconstitution of nuclear protein export in isolated nuclear envelopes. (duke.edu)

Family1

• family Poxviridae , subfamily Chordopoxvirinae , genus Orthopoxvirus ) are complex, double-stranded DNA viruses with ongoing interest because of their potential use as bioterrorism agents and in gene therapy. (cdc.gov)

Aggregate1

• Because immunotherapies have emerged as the adjuvant treatment for patients with OC, we investigated the effect of a promising immunotherapeutic strategy based on protein aggregate magnesium-ammonium phospholinoleate-palmitoleate anhydride (P-MAPA) combined with cisplatin (CIS) on the TLR2 and TLR4 signaling pathways via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and TLR-associated activator of interferon (TRIF) in an in vivo model of OC. (biomedcentral.com)

Drosophila1

• Interestingly, Drosophila Malpighian tubules (MTs) express apoptotic proteins, without succumbing to cell death. (sdbonline.org)

Mechanisms3

• The identification of proteins that interact with AP-4 has shed light on the mechanisms of AP-4-dependent cargo sorting and distribution within the cell. (nih.gov)
• However, the mechanisms by which the AP-4 complex itself is assembled have remained unknown. (nih.gov)
• Knowledge gained from this basic research is applied to the elucidation of disease mechanisms, including congenital disorders of protein traffic such as the pigmentation and bleeding disorder Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) and various neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., hereditary spastic paraplegias and pontocerebellar hypoplasias). (nih.gov)

Beta2

• crystallin beta-gamma domain containin. (gsea-msigdb.org)
• PLC-beta is activated by G-proteins, such as G-proteins alpha-q/11 and G-proteins beta/gamma , which, in turn, are activated by GPCRs, such as Gqa specific GPCR [ 4 ], [ 5 ]. (bio-rad.com)

Pathways1

• multiple cross-links are organic in often all normal surfaces where they suffer acylated first pathways been on their G-protein download data mining and predictive analysis intelligence gathering and. (evakoch.com)

Structural integrity2

• the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity). (nih.gov)
• Also in the OS are other membrane proteins, membrane-associated and soluble proteins that are important for phototransduction and for the structural integrity of the OS [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell1

• This study, demonstrated that anterograde trafficking, retrograde trafficking and Golgi-to-plasma membrane vesicle fusion are each required for the complex branched architecture of the terminal cell, but their inputs during seamless lumen formation are more varied. (sdbonline.org)