Adaptor protein complex alpha subunits. Medical search

A family of large adaptin protein subunits of approximately 100 kDa in size. They have been primarily found as components of ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX 2.

An adaptor protein complex found primarily on perinuclear compartments.

A clathrin adaptor protein complex primarily involved in clathrin-related transport at the TRANS-GOLGI NETWORK.

An adaptor protein complex primarily involved in the formation of clathrin-related endocytotic vesicles (ENDOSOMES) at the CELL MEMBRANE.

An adaptor protein complex involved in transport of molecules between the TRANS-GOLGI NETWORK and the endosomal-lysosomal system.

The subunits that make up the large, medium and small chains of adaptor proteins.

A family of large adaptin protein subunits of approximately 130-kDa in size. They have been primarily found as components of ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX 3.

A family of medium adaptin protein subunits of approximately 45 KDa in size. They have been primarily found as components of ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX 3 and ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX 4.

A class of proteins involved in the transport of molecules via TRANSPORT VESICLES. They perform functions such as binding to the cell membrane, capturing cargo molecules and promoting the assembly of CLATHRIN. The majority of adaptor proteins exist as multi-subunit complexes, however monomeric varieties have also been found.

A family of large adaptin protein subunits of approximately 90 KDa in size. They have been primarily found as components of ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX 1.

A family of large adaptin protein complex subunits of approximately 90-130 kDa in size.

A broad category of carrier proteins that play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. They generally contain several modular domains, each of which having its own binding activity, and act by forming complexes with other intracellular-signaling molecules. Signal-transducing adaptor proteins lack enzyme activity, however their activity can be modulated by other signal-transducing enzymes

The main structural coat protein of COATED VESICLES which play a key role in the intracellular transport between membranous organelles. Each molecule of clathrin consists of three light chains (CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAINS) and three heavy chains (CLATHRIN HEAVY CHAINS) that form a structure called a triskelion. Clathrin also interacts with cytoskeletal proteins.

The fundamental dispositions and traits of humans. (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)

A subclass of clathrin assembly proteins that occur as monomers.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Single chains of amino acids that are the units of multimeric PROTEINS. Multimeric proteins can be composed of identical or non-identical subunits. One or more monomeric subunits may compose a protomer which itself is a subunit structure of a larger assembly.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A signal transducing adaptor protein that links extracellular signals to the MAP KINASE SIGNALING SYSTEM. Grb2 associates with activated EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR and PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTORS via its SH2 DOMAIN. It also binds to and translocates the SON OF SEVENLESS PROTEINS through its SH3 DOMAINS to activate PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN P21(RAS).

A family of signaling adaptor proteins that contain SRC HOMOLOGY DOMAINS. Many members of this family are involved in transmitting signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS to MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES.

A family of small adaptin protein complex subunits of approximately 19 KDa in size.

Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Vesicles formed when cell-membrane coated pits (COATED PITS, CELL-MEMBRANE) invaginate and pinch off. The outer surface of these vesicles are covered with a lattice-like network of coat proteins, such as CLATHRIN, coat protein complex proteins, or CAVEOLINS.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

A network of membrane compartments, located at the cytoplasmic side of the GOLGI APPARATUS, where proteins and lipids are sorted for transport to various locations in the cell or cell membrane.

Vesicles formed when cell-membrane coated pits (COATED PITS, CELL-MEMBRANE) invaginate and pinch off. The outer surface of these vesicles is covered with a lattice-like network of the protein CLATHRIN. Shortly after formation, however, the clathrin coat is removed and the vesicles are referred to as ENDOSOMES.

Cytoplasmic vesicles formed when COATED VESICLES shed their CLATHRIN coat. Endosomes internalize macromolecules bound by receptors on the cell surface.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Vesicles that are involved in shuttling cargo from the interior of the cell to the cell surface, from the cell surface to the interior, across the cell or around the cell to various locations.

The GTPase-containing subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins. When dissociated from the heterotrimeric complex these subunits interact with a variety of second messenger systems. Hydrolysis of GTP by the inherent GTPase activity of the subunit causes it to revert to its inactive (heterotrimeric) form. The GTP-Binding protein alpha subunits are grouped into families according to the type of action they have on second messenger systems.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Regulatory proteins that act as molecular switches. They control a wide range of biological processes including: receptor signaling, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and protein synthesis. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze GTP to GDP. EC 3.6.1.-.

Specialized regions of the cell membrane composed of pits coated with a bristle covering made of the protein CLATHRIN. These pits are the entry route for macromolecules bound by cell surface receptors. The pits are then internalized into the cytoplasm to form the COATED VESICLES.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Macromolecular complexes formed from the association of defined protein subunits.

A binding partner for several RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES, including INSULIN RECEPTOR and INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR. It contains a C-terminal SH2 DOMAIN and mediates various SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathways.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

Products of the retroviral NEF GENE. They play a role as accessory proteins that influence the rate of viral infectivity and the destruction of the host immune system. nef gene products were originally found as factors that trans-suppress viral replication and function as negative regulators of transcription. nef stands for negative factor.

Organizations representing specialized fields which are accepted as authoritative; may be non-governmental, university or an independent research organization, e.g., National Academy of Sciences, Brookings Institution, etc.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It conducts and supports research into the mapping of the human genome and other organism genomes. The National Center for Human Genome Research was established in 1989 and re-named the National Human Genome Research Institute in 1997.

Special hospitals which provide care for ill children.

AP-4, a novel protein complex related to clathrin adaptors. (1/230)

Here we report the identification and characterization of AP-4, a novel protein complex related to the heterotetrameric AP-1, AP-2, and AP-3 adaptors that mediate protein sorting in the endocytic and late secretory pathways. The key to the identification of this complex was the cloning and sequencing of two widely expressed, mammalian cDNAs encoding new homologs of the adaptor beta and sigma subunits named beta4 and sigma4, respectively. An antibody to beta4 recognized in human cells an approximately 83-kDa polypeptide that exists in both soluble and membrane-associated forms. Gel filtration, sedimentation velocity, and immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that beta4 is a component of a multisubunit complex (AP-4) that also contains the sigma4 polypeptide and two additional adaptor subunit homologs named mu4 (mu-ARP2) and epsilon. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that AP-4 is associated with the trans-Golgi network or an adjacent structure and that this association is sensitive to the drug brefeldin A. We propose that, like the related AP-1, AP-2, and AP-3 complexes, AP-4 plays a role in signal-mediated trafficking of integral membrane proteins in mammalian cells. (+info)

High-affinity binding of the AP-1 adaptor complex to trans-golgi network membranes devoid of mannose 6-phosphate receptors. (2/230)

The GTP-binding protein ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) initiates clathrin-coat assembly at the trans-Goli network (TGN) by generating high-affinity membrane-binding sites for the AP-1 adaptor complex. Both transmembrane proteins, which are sorted into the assembling coated bud, and novel docking proteins have been suggested to be partners with GTP-bound ARF in generating the AP-1-docking sites. The best characterized, and probably the major transmembrane molecules sorted into the clathrin-coated vesicles that form on the TGN, are the mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPRs). Here, we have examined the role of the MPRs in the AP-1 recruitment process by comparing fibroblasts derived from embryos of either normal or MPR-negative animals. Despite major alterations to the lysosome compartment in the MPR-deficient cells, the steady-state distribution of AP-1 at the TGN is comparable to that of normal cells. Golgi-enriched membranes prepared from the receptor-negative cells also display an apparently normal capacity to recruit AP-1 in vitro in the presence of ARF and either GTP or GTPgammaS. The AP-1 adaptor is recruited specifically onto the TGN and not onto the numerous abnormal membrane elements that accumulate within the MPR-negative fibroblasts. AP-1 bound to TGN membranes from either normal or MPR-negative fibroblasts is fully resistant to chemical extraction with 1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7, indicating that the adaptor binds to both membrane types with high affinity. The only difference we do note between the Golgi prepared from the MPR-deficient cells and the normal cells is that AP-1 recruited onto the receptor-lacking membranes in the presence of ARF1.GTP is consistently more resistant to extraction with Tris. Because sensitivity to Tris extraction correlates well with nucleotide hydrolysis, this finding might suggest a possible link between MPR sorting and ARF GAP regulation. We conclude that the MPRs are not essential determinants in the initial steps of AP-1 binding to the TGN but, instead, they may play a regulatory role in clathrin-coated vesicle formation by affecting ARF.GTP hydrolysis. (+info)

Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4) endocytosis and adaptor complex binding require activation of the CD4 endocytosis signal by serine phosphorylation. (3/230)

Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4), the T lymphocyte antigen receptor component and human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor, is down-modulated when cells are activated by antigen or phorbol esters. During down-modulation CD4 dissociates from p56(lck), undergoes endocytosis through clathrin-coated pits, and is then sorted in early endosomes to late endocytic organelles where it is degraded. Previous studies have suggested that phosphorylation and a dileucine sequence are required for down-modulation. Using transfected HeLa cells, in which CD4 endocytosis can be studied in the absence of p56(lck), we show that the dileucine sequence in the cytoplasmic domain is essential for clathrin-mediated CD4 endocytosis. However, this sequence is only functional as an endocytosis signal when neighboring serine residues are phosphorylated. Phosphoserine is required for rapid endocytosis because CD4 molecules in which the cytoplasmic domain serine residues are substituted with glutamic acid residues are not internalized efficiently. Using surface plasmon resonance, we show that CD4 peptides containing the dileucine sequence bind weakly to clathrin adaptor protein complexes 2 and 1. The affinity of this interaction is increased 350- to 700-fold when the peptides also contain phosphoserine residues. (+info)

The beta2-adrenergic receptor/betaarrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis. (4/230)

betaarrestins mediate the desensitization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) and many other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Additionally, betaarrestins initiate the endocytosis of these receptors via clathrin coated-pits and interact directly with clathrin. Consequently, it has been proposed that betaarrestins serve as clathrin adaptors for the GPCR family by linking these receptors to clathrin lattices. AP-2, the heterotetrameric clathrin adaptor protein, has been demonstrated to mediate the internalization of many types of plasma membrane proteins other than GPCRs. AP-2 interacts with the clathrin heavy chain and cytoplasmic domains of receptors such as those for epidermal growth factor and transferrin. In the present study we demonstrate the formation of an agonist-induced multimeric complex containing a GPCR, betaarrestin 2, and the beta2-adaptin subunit of AP-2. beta2-Adaptin binds betaarrestin 2 in a yeast two-hybrid assay and coimmunoprecipitates with betaarrestins and beta2AR in an agonist-dependent manner in HEK-293 cells. Moreover, beta2-adaptin translocates from the cytosol to the plasma membrane in response to the beta2AR agonist isoproterenol and colocalizes with beta2AR in clathrin-coated pits. Finally, expression of betaarrestin 2 minigene constructs containing the beta2-adaptin interacting region inhibits beta2AR endocytosis. These findings point to a role for AP-2 in GPCR endocytosis, and they suggest that AP-2 functions as a clathrin adaptor for the endocytosis of diverse classes of membrane receptors. (+info)

Inhibition of clathrin-coated pit assembly by an Eps15 mutant. (5/230)

Recent data have shown that Eps15, a newly identified component of clathrin-coated pits constitutively associated with the AP-2 complex, is required for receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, its precise function remains unknown. Interestingly, Eps15 contains three EH (Eps15-Homology) domains also found in proteins required for the internalization step of endocytosis in yeast. Results presented here show that EH domains are required for correct coated pit targeting of Eps15. Furthermore, when cells expressed an Eps15 mutant lacking EH domains, the plasma membrane punctate distribution of both AP-2 and clathrin was lost, implying the absence of coated pits. This was further confirmed by the fact that dynamin, a GTPase found in coated pits, was homogeneously redistributed on the plasma membrane and that endocytosis of transferrin, a specific marker of clathrin-dependent endocytosis, was strongly inhibited. Altogether, these results strongly suggest a role for Eps15 in coated pit assembly and more precisely a role for Eps15 in the docking of AP-2 onto the plasma membrane. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that a GFP fusion protein encoding the ear domain of (alpha)-adaptin, the AP-2 binding site for Eps15, was efficiently targeted to plasma membrane coated pits. (+info)

ADP-ribosylation factor 1 dependent clathrin-coat assembly on synthetic liposomes. (6/230)

The assembly of clathrin-coated vesicles on Golgi membranes is initiated by the GTP-binding protein ADP ribosylation factor (ARF), which generates high-affinity membrane-binding sites for the heterotetrameric AP-1 adaptor complex. Once bound, the AP-1 recruits clathrin triskelia, which polymerize to form the coat. We have found that ARF.GTP also recruits AP-1 and clathrin onto protein-free liposomes. The efficiency of this process is modulated by the composition of the liposomes, with phosphatidylserine being the most stimulatory phospholipid. There is also a requirement for cytosolic factor(s) other than ARF. Thin-section electron microscopy shows the presence of clathrin-coated buds and vesicles that resemble those formed in vivo. These results indicate that AP-1-containing clathrin-coated vesicles can form in the absence of integral membrane proteins. Thus, ARF.GTP, appropriate lipids, and cytosolic factor(s) are the minimal components necessary for AP-1 clathrin-coat assembly. (+info)

Inhibition of the receptor-binding function of clathrin adaptor protein AP-2 by dominant-negative mutant mu2 subunit and its effects on endocytosis. (7/230)

Although interactions between the mu2 subunit of the clathrin adaptor protein complex AP-2 and tyrosine-based internalization motifs have been implicated in the selective recruitment of cargo molecules into coated pits, the functional significance of this interaction for endocytosis of many types of membrane proteins remains unclear. To analyze the function of mu2-receptor interactions, we constructed an epitope-tagged mu2 that incorporates into AP-2 and is targeted to coated pits. Mutational analysis revealed that Asp176 and Trp421 of mu2 are involved in the interaction with internalization motifs of TGN38 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Inducible overexpression of mutant mu2, in which these two residues were changed to alanines, resulted in metabolic replacement of endogenous mu2 in AP-2 complexes and complete abrogation of AP-2 interaction with the tyrosine-based internalization motifs. As a consequence, endocytosis of the transferrin receptor was severely impaired. In contrast, internalization of the EGF receptor was not affected. These results demonstrate the potential usefulness of the dominant-interfering approach for functional analysis of the adaptor protein family, and indicate that clathrin-mediated endocytosis may proceed in both a mu2-dependent and -independent manner. (+info)

Splice variants of intersectin are components of the endocytic machinery in neurons and nonneuronal cells. (8/230)

We recently identified and cloned intersectin, a protein containing two Eps15 homology (EH) domains and five Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. Using a newly developed intersectin antibody, we demonstrate that endogenous COS-7 cell intersectin localizes to clathrin-coated pits, and transfection studies suggest that the EH domains may direct this localization. Through alternative splicing in a stop codon, a long form of intersectin is generated with a C-terminal extension containing Dbl homology (DH), pleckstrin homology (PH), and C2 domains. Western blots reveal that the long form of intersectin is expressed specifically in neurons, whereas the short isoform is expressed at lower levels in glia and other nonneuronal cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of cultured hippocampal neurons reveals that intersectin is found at the plasma membrane where it is co-localized with clathrin. Ibp2, a protein identified based on its interactions with the EH domains of intersectin, binds to clathrin through the N terminus of the heavy chain, suggesting a mechanism for the localization of intersectin at clathrin-coated pits. Ibp2 also binds to the clathrin adaptor AP2, and antibodies against intersectin co-immunoprecipitate clathrin, AP2, and dynamin from brain extracts. These data suggest that the long and short forms of intersectin are components of the endocytic machinery in neurons and nonneuronal cells. (+info)

"Entrez Gene: AP2A2 adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit". Chen H, Fre S, Slepnev VI, Capua MR, Takei K, Butler MH ... AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A2 gene. AP2A2 has been shown to interact with ... Robinson MS (Mar 1989). "Cloning of cDNAs encoding two related 100-kD coated vesicle proteins (alpha-adaptins)". The Journal of ... the cytoplasmic domains of human and simian retroviral transmembrane proteins with components of the clathrin adaptor complexes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP2A2

This gene encodes a protein which interacts with clathrin and adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1 subunit. The protein ... 1998). "Intersectin, a novel adaptor protein with two Eps15 homology and five Src homology 3 domains". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (47 ... 1997). "Binding specificity and in vivo targets of the EH domain, a novel protein-protein interaction module". Genes Dev. 11 ( ... "The epsins define a family of proteins that interact with components of the clathrin coat and contain a new protein module". J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPN2

... and some of the adapter proteins, such as talin, paxillin and tensin. Many of these focal complexes fail to mature and are ... Integrins are heterodimers which are formed from one beta and one alpha subunit. These subunits are present in different forms ... bind to and associate with this integrin-adapter protein-cytoskeleton complex, and this forms the basis of a focal adhesion. ... However, some focal complexes mature into larger and stable focal adhesions, and recruit many more proteins such as zyxin. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_adhesion

... either directly or through adaptor proteins. This gene encodes an alpha subunit of the heteromeric SEC61 complex, which also ... Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEC61A1 gene. The protein ... "Entrez Gene: SEC61A1 Sec61 alpha 1 subunit (S. cerevisiae)". Wiertz EJ, Tortorella D, Bogyo M, et al. (1997). "Sec61-mediated ... 2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sec61_alpha_1

The family routinely lies on the clathrin adaptor complex 3 beta-1 subunit proteins. The exact function of DUF 1682 is unclear ... The C-terminal portion of the protein is highly charged and its secondary structure is predicted to be that of an alpha helix ... The final protein is thought to be translated from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm of the cell. The protein is ... The portion of the protein which extends into the cytosol is predicted to be highly phosphorylated as the protein's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCDC47

"Entrez Gene: AP2M1 adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit". Follows ER, McPheat JC, Minshull C, Moore NC, Pauptit RA, ... adaptor-receptor recognition and binding of alpha-adaptin subunits to the plasma membrane contribute to recruitment of adaptor ... AP-2 complex subunit mu is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2M1 gene. This gene encodes a subunit of the ... heterotetrameric coat assembly protein complex 2 (AP2), which belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunits family. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP2M1

This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP2 adaptors) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles ... "Entrez Gene: AP2A1 adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1 subunit". Nishimura, Takashi; Fukata Yuko; Kato Katsuhiro; ... Adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1 has been shown to interact with DPYSL2 and NUMB. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A1 gene. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptor-related_protein_complex_2,_alpha_1

AP complexes are heterotetramers composed of two large subunits (adaptins), a medium subunit (mu) and a small subunit (sigma). ... For example, in AP1 these subunits are gamma-1-adaptin, beta-1-adaptin, mu-1 and sigma-1, while in AP2 they are alpha-adaptin, ... Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are found in coated vesicles and clathrin-coated pits. AP complexes connect cargo proteins and ... Touz MC, Kulakova L, Nash TE (July 2004). "Adaptor protein complex 1 mediates the transport of lysosomal proteins from a Golgi- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrin_adaptor_protein

... proteins or receptors named A1 or Alpha-1 : Actin, alpha 1 Actinin, alpha 1 Adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1 Aldehyde ... alpha 1 Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha 1 Protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, ... alpha 1 Gap junction protein, alpha 1 GDNF family receptor alpha 1 Glutathione S-transferase A1 Glycine receptor, alpha 1 Heat ... alpha 1 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 Myosin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_A1_genes,_proteins_or_receptors

T-cell receptor alpha locus is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRA gene, also known as TCRA or [email protected] It contributes ... "The implications of subunit interactions for the structure of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex". Eur. J. Immunol. 20 (2): 299- ... 2001). "The Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Trim Regulates T Cell Receptor (Tcr) Expression and Tcr-Mediated Signaling via an ... 2001). "Importance of the T cell receptor alpha-chain transmembrane distal region for assembly with cognate subunits". Mol. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRA_(gene)

The other large protein has different designations in the different complexes. In AP-1 it is named γ (gamma), AP-2 has α (alpha ... The two smaller proteins are a medium subunit named μ (mu ∼50 kD) and a small subunit σ (sigma ∼20 kD), and named 1 through 5 ... Most of the adaptor proteins are heterotetramers. In the AP complexes, there are two large proteins (∼100 kD) and two smaller ... Vesicular transport adaptor proteins are proteins involved in forming complexes that function in the trafficking of molecules ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicular_transport_adaptor_protein

... the plasma membrane the TCR receptor chains α and β associate with six additional adaptor proteins to form an octameric complex ... The TCR is a disulfide-linked membrane-anchored heterodimeric protein normally consisting of the highly variable alpha (α) and ... in the transmembrane domain of each subunit form polar interactions allowing a correct and stable assembly of the complex. The ... LAT associates with another scaffolding protein Slp-76 via the Grap2 adaptor protein, which provides additional binding sites. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-cell_receptor

AP (adaptor protein) complexes are found in coated vesicles and clathrin-coated pits. AP complexes connect cargo proteins and ... in AP1 these subunits are gamma-1-adaptin, beta-1-adaptin, mu-1 and sigma-1, while in AP2 they are alpha-adaptin, beta-2- ... The two major types of clathrin adaptor complexes are the heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes, and the monomeric ... Touz MC, Kulakova L, Nash TE (July 2004). "Adaptor protein complex 1 mediates the transport of lysosomal proteins from a Golgi- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta2-adaptin_C-terminal_domain

The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family. This ... The adaptin family of proteins is composed of four classes of molecules named alpha, beta-, beta prime- and gamma- adaptins. ... "Entrez Gene: AP1G2 adaptor-related protein complex 1, gamma 2 subunit". Rost, Martina; Döring Tatjana; Prange Reinhild (Nov ... AP-1 complex subunit gamma-like 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP1G2 gene. Adaptins are important components ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP1G2

The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family. Two ... The adaptin family of proteins is composed of four classes of molecules named alpha, beta-, beta prime- and gamma- adaptins. ... "Entrez Gene: AP1G1 adaptor-related protein complex 1, gamma 1 subunit". Fölsch H, Ohno H, Bonifacino JS, Mellman I (Oct 1999 ... "Similar subunit interactions contribute to assembly of clathrin adaptor complexes and COPI complex: analysis using yeast three- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP1G1

All ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes possess a sub unit of ATPase that belongs to the SNF2 superfamily of proteins ... hADA3 may act as an adaptor protein linking transcription factors with other HAT complexes. In the absence of hADA3, TP53 ... factor implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer via its binding to the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). ... ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes. Specific protein complexes, known as histone-modifying complexes catalyze ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin_remodeling

The coatomer protein complex is made up of seven nonidentical protein subunits. These seven nonidentical protein subunits are ... allowing it to insert an amphipathic alpha helix into the lipid bilayer of the Golgi complex. Next, the ARF1 protein recruits ... Coatomers are functionally analogous and evolutionarily homologous to clathrin adaptor proteins, also known as adaptins, which ... The Sar1-GTP and Sec23-24 complex recruits another protein complex called Sec13/Sec31. This complex polymerizes to form the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coatomer

AP1S2: AP-1 complex subunit sigma-2. Adaptor protein complex 1 is found on the cytoplasmic face of vesicles located at the ... GDI1: RabGDI alpha makes a complex with geranylgeranylated small GTP-binding proteins of the Rab family and keeps them in the ... "Entrez Gene: AP1S2 adaptor-related protein complex 1, sigma 2 subunit". Piccini M, Vitelli F, Bruttini M, Pober BR, Jonsson JJ ... "Mutations in the Gene Encoding the Sigma 2 Subunit of the Adaptor Protein 1 Complex, AP1S2, Cause X-Linked Mental Retardation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-linked_mental_retardation

... of rRNA processing Protein Phosphorylation Ribosomal small subunit biogenesis RIOK1 is the only component of the PRMT5 complex ... For instance, in the binding of PRMT5 in which RIOK1 and PICln are involved, suggest that RIOK1 is a more general adapter than ... modifications the protein Kinase RIO1 has 2 phosphoserines in positions 21 and 22 Its secondary structure consist of 9 alpha ... 6:7,389,496-7,418,037) Effects on modified protein - protein degradation, triggered by K411-m1; protein stabilization, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIOK1

... is an endocytic accessory protein that interacts with EPS15 (MIM 600051), the alpha subunit of the clathrin adaptor AP2 ( ... 2000). "Regulation of complex formation of POB1/epsin/adaptor protein complex 2 by mitotic phosphorylation". J. Biol. Chem. 275 ... Timsit YE, Miller SL, Mohney RP, O'Bryan JP (2005). "The U-box ligase carboxyl-terminus of Hsc 70-interacting protein ... Epsin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPN1 gene. ... as well as with other accessory proteins for the endocytosis of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPN1

Each molecule of the dynein motor is a complex protein assembly composed of many smaller polypeptide subunits. Cytoplasmic and ... another multisubunit protein that is essential for mitosis, and a cargo adaptor. The tri-complex, which includes dynein, ... One attached alpha-helix from the stalk is pulled by the buttress, sliding the helix half a heptad repeat relative to its ... The dynactin complex is composed of more than 20 subunits, of which p150(Glued) is the largest. There is no definitive evidence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynein

In contrast to IL-31RA, which binds SHP-2, the OSMR interacts with the adaptor protein Shc via the phosphorylated tyrosines on ... IL-31 signals via a receptor complex that is composed of IL-31 receptor A (IL31RA) and oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) subunits. ... The receptor for IL-31 is a heterodimer of the interleukin 31 receptor alpha (IL-31RA) and OSMR. IL-31RA was originally ... These receptor subunits are expressed in activated monocytes and in unstimulated epithelial cells. IL-31RA binds IL-31 through ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_31

GMEB2: Glucocorticoid modulatory element-binding protein 2. *GNAS1: Gs alpha subunit (membrane G-protein) ... LIME1: encoding protein Lck-interacting transmembrane adapter 1. *LZTS3: encoding protein Leucine zipper, putative tumor ... UQCC: encoding enzyme Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex chaperone CBP3 homolog. *VAPB: VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane ... encoding protein Transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein. *TTPAL: encoding protein Tocopherol (alpha) transfer protein- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_20

"Entrez Gene: AP3B2 adaptor-related protein complex 3, beta 2 subunit". Human AP3B2 genome location and AP3B2 gene details page ... Dubois T, Zemlickova E, Howell S, Aitken A (2003). "Centaurin-alpha 1 associates in vitro and in vivo with nucleolin". Biochem ... AP-3 complex subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP3B2 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... 1997). "AP-3: an adaptor-like protein complex with ubiquitous expression". EMBO J. 16 (5): 917-28. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.5.917. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP3B2

... consists of seven subunits which compose the heteroheptameric protein complex. The primary function of adaptors is the ... is made ARF binds to the cytosolic side of the cis-Golgi membrane and inserts the myristoylated N-terminal amphipathic alpha- ... COPI is a coatomer, a protein complex[1] that coats vesicles transporting proteins from the cis end of the Golgi complex back ... or adaptor proteins associate with ARFs is unclear, however, in order to form a mature transport carrier coat protein, adaptor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COPI

The DDB1 adaptor protein was initially characterized as the large subunit of a heterodimeric complex (UV-DDB) that was found to ... CUL4A protein is 759 amino acids long and forms an extended, rigid structure primarily consisting of alpha-helices. At the N- ... DDB2 is a DCAF protein and is both a ubiquitination substrate of the CRL4 complex and also serves as an E3 ligase protein for ... The smaller subunit of this Damaged DNA Binding protein complex is known as DDB2 and is able to directly bind DNA lesions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUL4A

... s feature prominently in the proteins making up the nuclear pore complex (NPC); alpha solenoid and beta propeller ... and its adaptor protein importin alpha is an alpha solenoid formed from Armadillo repeats. Transporters of other molecules, ... For example, regulatory subunit A (also known as PR65) of protein phosphatase 2A is a HEAT-repeat alpha solenoid whose ... "alpha alpha superhelix". The CATH database uses the term "alpha horseshoe" for these proteins, and uses "alpha solenoid" for a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_solenoid

"Regulation of the nuclear gene that encodes the alpha-subunit of the mitochondrial F0F1-ATP synthase complex. Activation by ... "Novel consensus DNA-binding sequence for BRCA1 protein complexes". Molecular Carcinogenesis. 38 (2): 85-96. doi:10.1002/mc. ... Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (Apr 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library ... Breen GA, Jordan EM (Aug 1999). "Transcriptional activation of the F(1)F(0) ATP synthase alpha-subunit initiator element by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USF2

"PDZ interaction sites in integrin alpha subunits. T14853, TIP/GIPC binds to a type I recognition sequence in alpha 6A/alpha 5 ... Lou X, Yano H, Lee F, Chao MV, Farquhar MG (2001). "GIPC and GAIP form a complex with TrkA: a putative link between G protein ... "Interactions of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family with cytosolic adaptor and scaffold proteins suggest diverse ... "PDZ interaction sites in integrin alpha subunits. T14853, TIP/GIPC binds to a type I recognition sequence in alpha 6A/alpha 5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIPC1

α {\displaystyle \alpha } -catenin is engaged by p120-catenin complex, where vinculin is recruited to take a role in indirect ... The adaptor proteins that associate with desmosomal cadherins are plakoglobin (related to β {\displaystyle \beta } -catenin), ... The functionality of cadherins relies upon the formation of two identical subunits, known as homodimers. The homodimeric ... Regulatory proteins include p-120 catenin, α {\displaystyle \alpha } -catenin, β {\displaystyle \beta } -catenin, and vinculin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadherin

... alpha 1C subunit (also known as Cav1.2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACNA1C gene.[5] Cav1.2 is a subunit of L ... The calcium channel consists of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta and beta subunits in a 1:1:1 ratio. The S3-S4 linkers of ... Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (Apr 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library ... "A potential site of functional modulation by protein kinase A in the cardiac Ca2+ channel alpha 1C subunit". FEBS Letters. 384 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cav1.2

The assembled complex of hslV (blue) and hslU (red) from E. coli. This complex of heat shock proteins is thought to resemble ... which serve as docking domains for the regulatory particles and the alpha subunits N-termini (Pfam PF10584) form a gate that ... the SCF itself is regulated by the APC via ubiquitination of the adaptor protein, Skp2, which prevents SCF activity before the ... The complex formed with the specialized β subunits is known as the immunoproteasome.[16] Another β5i variant subunit, β5t, is ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome

It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. The activity of ... 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Anal. Biochem. 236 (1): 107-13. doi:10.1006/abio. ... cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex. • nuclear membrane. • membrane. • transcription factor complex. • ... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This protein is highly similar to the gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDK4

positive regulation of protein complex assembly. • protein kinase B signaling. • positive regulation of cytokine production. • ... This dissociation enables the adaptor protein TRADD to bind to the death domain, serving as a platform for subsequent protein ... On the other hand, activated caspases cleave several components of the NF-κB pathway, including RIP, IKK, and the subunits of ... Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα, cachexin, or cachectin) is a cell signaling protein (cytokine) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNF-alpha

The TCR is a disulfide-linked membrane-anchored heterodimeric protein normally consisting of the highly variable alpha (α) and ... Ionizable residues in the transmembrane domain of each subunit form a polar network of interactions that hold the complex ... to bind to the ITAM and activated ZAP-70 phosphorylates tyrosines on the adaptor protein LAT, which then attracts PLC-γ. Other ... The TCR complex[edit]. The TCR receptor complex is an octomeric complex of variable TCR receptor α and β chains with three ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell_receptor

Protein kinase G. *G alpha subunit Gα *GNAO1. *GNAI1. *GNAI2. *GNAI3 ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... GTP-binding protein regulators regulate G proteins in several different ways. Small GTPases act as molecular switches in ... and thus requires another class of regulatory proteins to accelerate this activity, the GTPase activating proteins (GAPs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTP-binding_protein_regulators

The adaptor molecules were eventually shown to be tRNAs and the catalytic "ribonucleic-protein complexes" became known as ... the alpha helix). Linus Pauling was the first to identify[29] the 3.6 amino acids per helix turn ratio of the alpha helix. ... Such a code might be "degenerate", with 4×4×4=64 possible triplets of the four nucleotide subunits while there were only 20 ... ribonucleic-protein complexes that catalyse the assembly of amino acids into proteins according to the messenger RNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick

Protein nanopore sequencing utilizes membrane protein complexes such as α-hemolysin, MspA (Mycobacterium smegmatis Porin A) or ... MPSS was a bead-based method that used a complex approach of adapter ligation followed by adapter decoding, reading the ... where the readout of electrical signals occurring at nucleotides passing by alpha(α)-hemolysin pores covalently bound with ... "Use of automated sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-generated amplicons to identify three types of cholera toxin subunit ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequencing_technology

1got: HETEROTRIMERIC COMPLEX OF A GT-ALPHA/GI-ALPHA CHIMERA AND THE GT-BETA-GAMMA SUBUNITS ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... protein complex binding. • signal transducer activity. • protein binding. • GTPase activity. • GTPase binding. • G-protein ... This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNB1

RBM6: RNA-binding protein 6. *RPP14: Ribonuclease P protein subunit p14. *SCN5A: sodium channel, voltage-gated, type V, alpha ( ... AZI2: encoding protein 5-azacytidine-induced protein 2. *BRK1: SCAR/WAVE actin nucleating complex subunit ... TRAT1: T-cell receptor-associated transmembrane adapter 1. *USH3A: Usher syndrome 3A ... C3orf14-Chromosome 3 open reading frame 14: predicted DNA binding protein.. *C3orf23: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_3_(human)

"Differential interaction of CrkII adaptor protein with platelet-derived growth factor alpha- and beta-receptors is determined ... "A unique autophosphorylation site in the platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor from a heterodimeric receptor complex". ... Seifert, R A; Hart C E; Phillips P E; Forstrom J W; Ross R; Murray M J; Bowen-Pope D F (May 1989). "Two different subunits ... "Identification of Tyr-762 in the platelet-derived growth factor alpha-receptor as the binding site for Crk proteins". Oncogene ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDGFRA

Entrez Gene: ADRA1B adrenergic, alpha-1B-, receptor".. *↑ Diviani D; Lattion AL; Abuin L (2003). „The adaptor complex 2 ... signalni put G-protein spregnutog receptora. • G-proteinska signalizacija, spregnuta sa cAMP nukleotidnim sekundarnim glasnikom ... function of Gh/transglutaminase 2 inhibits cell migration through interaction with cytoplasmic tail of integrin alpha subunits ... Diviani D; Lattion AL; Abuin L (2003). „The adaptor complex 2 directly interacts with the alpha 1b-adrenergic receptor and ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfa-1B_adrenergički_receptor

The latter class of complexes is made up of alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) subunits.[1] In addition, the beta and gamma ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... Types of G protein signaling[edit]. G protein can refer to two distinct families of proteins. Heterotrimeric G proteins, ... are activated by G protein-coupled receptors and are made up of alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ) subunits. "Small" G proteins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-proteins

... which is facilitated by binding to adaptor proteins via protein-protein interaction motifs that are collectively referred to as ... followed by cleavage into a small subunit and large subunit. The large and small subunit associate with each other to form an ... These proteins allow caspase-1 activation by forming a multiprotein activating complex called Inflammasomes. For example, a NOD ... The adaptor protein FADD will recruit (by a Death domain-Death domain interaction). The other end of the adaptor contains a DED ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspase

The protein enzyme contains two catalytic subunits and two regulatory subunits. When there is no cAMP，the complex is inactive. ... it undergoes a conformational change allowing it to serve as a scaffolding protein for an adaptor complex termed AP-2, which in ... the GPCR reorganizes to allow activation of G-alpha proteins. The side perspective is a view from above and to the side of the ... α subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein via protein domain dynamics. The activated Gα subunit exchanges GTP in place of GDP ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_protein-coupled_receptors

Protein kinase G. *G alpha subunit Gα *GNAO1. *GNAI1. *GNAI2. *GNAI3 ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... Nitrosyl compounds: Metal nitrosyl complexes: Roussin's black salt. *Roussin's red salt. *Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) ... Guanylyl cyclase activator (protein). References[edit]. *^ Sakurai K.; Chen J.; Kefalov V. (2011). "Role of guanylate cylcase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanylate_cyclase

The adaptor molecules were eventually shown to be tRNAs and the catalytic "ribonucleic-protein complexes" became known as ... This theoretical result matched well with X-ray data for proteins that contain sequences of amino acids in the Alpha helix ... Such a code might be "degenerate", with 4×4×4=64 possible triplets of the four nucleotide subunits while there were only 20 ... ribonucleic-protein complexes that catalyse the assembly of amino acids into proteins according to the messenger RNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick?oldid=752748384

"Death effector domain-containing proteins DEDD and FLAME-3 form nuclear complexes with the TFIIIC102 subunit of human ... adapter complex which were crucial for the induction of nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Moreover, the biochemical form of ... Gupta S (2002). "Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in T cells from aged humans: a role of TNFR-I and downstream ... protein complex binding. • scaffold protein binding. • protein binding. • identical protein binding. • cysteine-type ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CASP8

Most proteins, ribosomal subunits, and some DNAs are transported through the pore complexes in a process mediated by a family ... Most karyopherins interact directly with their cargo, although some use adaptor proteins.[11] Steroid hormones such as cortisol ... Like the components of other intermediate filaments, the lamin monomer contains an alpha-helical domain used by two monomers to ... During most of the cell cycle these are organized in a DNA-protein complex known as chromatin, and during cell division the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nuclei

Gi alpha subunits (also termed Giα subunits) inhibit adenylyl cyclase b) G beta-gamma complex of subunits (Gβγ) have many ... activated DP2 triggers Gi alpha subunit-linked heterotrimeric G proteins to dissociate into their component a) ... clathrin and clathrin adaptor AP2, of the receptor internalization machinery. These pathways render DP2 unable to mobilize ... G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. • G- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR44

This adaptor protein is called the Fcγ subunit and, like FcγRIIA, contains the two YXXL sequences that are characteristic of an ... Chauhan, A. K., and Moore, T. L. (2012) Immune complexes and late complement proteins trigger activation of Syk tyrosine kinase ... This receptor is called the Fc-alpha/mu receptor (Fcα/μR) and is a type I transmembrane protein. With one Ig-like domain in its ... Chauhan, A. K., and Moore, T. L. (2011) T cell activation by terminal complex of complement and immune complexes. The Journal ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fc_receptor

The Gs alpha subunit of the stimulated G protein complex exchanges GDP for GTP and is released from the complex.[7] ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... Activated GPCRs cause a conformational change in the attached G protein complex, which results in the Gs alpha subunit's ... The Gs alpha subunit slowly catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, which in turn deactivates the Gs protein, shutting off the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMP-dependent_pathway

Protein kinase G. *G alpha subunit Gα *GNAO1. *GNAI1. *GNAI2. *GNAI3 ... Complex formation results in activation of the Cdk active site. Cyclins themselves have no enzymatic activity but have binding ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... MPFs activate other proteins through phosphorylation. These phosphorylated proteins, in turn, are responsible for specific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin

regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation. • positive regulation of protein complex assembly. • positive regulation of protein ... IFNγ suppresses osteoclast formation by rapidly degrading the RANK adaptor protein TRAF6 in the RANK-RANKL signaling pathway, ... Interferon alpha (interferon alfa, IFN-α). *Interferon alfa (IFNA1, IFNA2, IFNA4, IFNA5, IFNA6, IFNA7, IFNA8, IFNA10, IFNA13, ... including subunits of the immunoproteasome (MECL1, LMP2, LMP7), as well as TAP and ERAAP in addition possibly to the direct ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actimmune

Nantel, A; Mohammad-Ali K; Sherk J; Posner B I; Thomas D Y (Apr 1998). "Interaction of the Grb10 adapter protein with the Raf1 ... 1s9j: X-ray structure of the human mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) in a complex with ligand and MgATP ... activator SEK-1 and is required for tumor necrosis factor-alpha activation of SAPK in melanoma cells". J. Biol. Chem. UNITED ... protein N-terminus binding. • kinase activity. • protein C-terminus binding. • ATP binding. • transferase activity. • protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAP2K1

NGF is initially in a 7S, 130-kDa complex of 3 proteins - Alpha-NGF, Beta-NGF, and Gamma-NGF (2:1:2 ratio) when expressed. This ... This pathway begins with the Trk receptor complex-recruitment of a second adaptor protein called growth factor-receptor bound ... 26-kDa beta subunit of the protein, the only component of the 7S NGF complex that is biologically active (i.e. acting as ... The gamma subunit of this complex acts as a serine protease, and cleaves the N-terminal of the beta subunit, thereby activating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_growth_factor

Signal transducing adaptor protein. *Scaffold protein. Transcription factors. *General. *Transcription preinitiation complex ... They are composed of seven transmembrane alpha helices. The loops connecting the alpha helices form extracellular and ... They have a heteromeric structure in that each subunit consists of the extracellular ligand-binding domain and a transmembrane ... and can be a protein or peptide (short protein), or another small molecule such as a neurotransmitter, hormone, pharmaceutical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases or CaM kinases. are primarily regulated by the Ca2+/calmodulin complex. ... Protein kinase G. *G alpha subunit Gα *GNAO1. *GNAI1. *GNAI2. *GNAI3 ... Signal transducing adaptor protein. *I-kappa B protein. *Mucin-4. *Olfactory marker protein ... Protein kinase C ('PKC'). is actually a family of protein kinases consisting of ~10 isozymes. They are divided into three ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-specific_serine/threonine_protein_kinase

adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit. Synonyms: 2410074K14Rik, Adtab, alpha-adaptin C, alpha-C adaptin, L25. Gene ... OMIM: ADAPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN COMPLEX 2, ALPHA-2 SUBUNIT; AP2A2*Gene Ontology: Ap2a2 *Mouse Phenome DB: Ap2a2 *UCSC: Chr.7: ...

https://www.komp.org/geneinfo.php?geneid=23440

Alpha_adaptinC2; Adaptin C-terminal domain. sd00044. Location:142 → 163. HEAT; HEAT repeat [structural motif]. pfam01602. ... AP-1 complex subunit gamma-1. Names. adapter-related protein complex 1 subunit gamma-1. adaptor protein complex AP-1 subunit ... Ap1g1 adaptor protein complex AP-1, gamma 1 subunit [Mus musculus] Ap1g1 adaptor protein complex AP-1, gamma 1 subunit [Mus ... adaptor-related protein complex 1 subunit gamma-1. clathrin assembly protein complex 1 gamma-1 large chain. gamma-adaptin. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=11765

011522753.1 AP-2 complex subunit beta isoform X2. Conserved Domains (4) summary. smart00809. Location:717 → 811. Alpha_ ... adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit beta. adaptor related protein complex 2 beta 1 subunit. adaptor-related protein complex 2 ... AP-2 complex subunit beta. Names. adapter-related protein complex 2 beta subunit. adapter-related protein complex 2 subunit ... AP2B1 adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit beta 1 [Homo sapiens] AP2B1 adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit beta 1 [ ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/163

Protein Coding), Adaptor Related Protein Complex 2 Alpha 2 Subunit, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, ... Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport ... Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport ... AP2A2 (Adaptor Related Protein Complex 2 Alpha 2 Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Metabolism ...

http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=AP2A2

... and kinetics of signal transduction by tyrosine kinase receptors is endocytic removal of active ligand-receptor complexes from ... Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits * Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing * Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport ... Like in yeast cells, sorting involves not only protein phosphorylation but also conjugation of ubiquitin molecules. The ... Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits * Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing * Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11223029/

Adaptor-related protein complex 2 alpha 2 subunit (AP2A2) gene encodes a protein-a subunit of the AP-2 adaptor protein complex ... A genetic variant near adaptor-related protein complex 2 alpha 2 subunit gene is associated with coronary artery disease in a ... Adaptor Protein Complex 2. *Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits. *adaptor protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit ... Evidence has revealed that benzodiazepine receptor-associated protein 1 (BZRAP1) is abundant in the hippocampus with potential ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/phgHome.action?action=forward&dbsource=huge&id=172474

This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles. The AP ... alpha or beta), a medium adaptin (mu), and a small adaptin (sigma). The complex is part of the protein coat on the cytoplasmic ... This gene encodes and ADAM family member that cleaves many proteins including TNF-alpha and E-cadherin. [provided by RefSeq, ... FBXW7 Proteins NEDD4 (Neural Precursor Cell Expressed, Developmentally Down-Regulated 4, E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase): NEDD4 ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/notch-signaling-pathway-14/

This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles. The AP ... alpha or beta), a medium adaptin (mu), and a small adaptin (sigma). The complex is part of the protein coat on the cytoplasmic ... This gene encodes and ADAM family member that cleaves many proteins including TNF-alpha and E-cadherin. [provided by RefSeq, ... The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein and inward-rectifier type potassium channel. The encoded ...

https://www.antikoerper-online.de/notch-signalweg-pathway-14/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP2A2

adaptor protein complex AP-2, alpha 1 subunit. Protein Similarities Based on Shared Motif Content. ... CC] protein complex *[CC] secretory granule *[MF] protein C-terminus binding *[MF] protein binding *[MF] protein transporter ... CC] clathrin adaptor complex *[CC] coated pit *[CC] membrane *[CC] membrane coat *[CC] plasma membrane *[ ... BP] intracellular protein transport *[BP] protein transport *[BP] transport *[BP] vesicle-mediated transport *[CC] apical ...

https://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Genes/GeneInfo?ORG=Mm&CID=6877&LLNO=11771

... alpha 2 subunit. NM_001242837. NM_012305. Gene Info. AP2M1. Adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit. NM_004068. NM_ ... ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C1 (subunit 9). NM_005175. NM_001002027. Gene Info. ... ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C2 (subunit 9). NM_001002031. NM_005176. Gene Info. ... ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C3 (subunit 9). NM_001190329. NM_001002258. NM_001689. Gene ...

https://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Genes/GoGeneQuery?PAGE=1&ORG=Hs&GOID=0008289

Adaptor related protein complex 2 alpha 2 subunit. Predicted locationi. All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed ... PROTEIN DETECTED IN PLASMA - PROXIMITY EXTENSION ASSAYi. The protein profiling results based on proximity extension assays ( ... PROTEIN CONCENTRATION IN PLASMA - MASS SPECTROMETRYi. The protein concentration in blood is quantified by mass spectrometry- ... Protein expression levels are reported as Normalized Protein Expression (NPX).. Read more ...

http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000183020-AP2A2/blood

Interferon, alpha-inducible protein. Immune response. −1.9. Mm.253090. Ap2a2 Adaptor protein complex AP-2, alpha 2 subunit. ... Interferon, alpha-inducible protein. Immune response. −1.9. Mm.253090. Ap2a2 Adaptor protein complex AP-2, alpha 2 subunit. ... TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein. Immune response. 2.3c. Mm.38498. Krt1-15 Keratin complex 1, acidic, gene 15. ... TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein. Immune response. 2.3c. Mm.38498. Krt1-15 Keratin complex 1, acidic, gene 15. ...

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2125414

Subunit structurei. Interacts (via N-terminus) with adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunits alpha (AP2A1) and beta (AP2B1).1 ... section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes ... with other proteins or protein complexes.,p>,a href=/help/interaction_section target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>Interactioni. ,p> ... to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.,p>,a href=/help/protein_names target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>Protein namesi. ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UPP5

Adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1; APOC2 - Apolipoprotein C2; EMC10 - ER Membrane Protein Complex Subunit 10; MIR150 ... rbp1 (retinol binding protein 1) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 30, ... nosip (nitric oxide synthase interacting protein) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, ... nosip (nitric oxide synthase interacting protein) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, ...

http://www.xenbase.org/literature/article.do?method=display&articleId=53810

adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit. 41, 63. 202324_s_at ... and protein) expression data is generated and made publicly available, modeling the interactions among genes (and gene products ... assessment of the expression of thousands of genes in a single experiment could allow better understanding of the complex and ...

https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2105-9-125

AMP-Activated Protein Kinases * Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism* * Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / ... We recently showed that LKB1 exists as a complex with two accessory subunits, STRAD alpha/beta and MO25 alpha/beta. ... Complexes between the LKB1 tumor suppressor, STRAD alpha/beta and MO25 alpha/beta are upstream kinases in the AMP-activated ... Second, both endogenous and recombinant complexes of LKB1, STRAD alpha/beta and MO25 alpha/beta activate AMPK via ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14511394/?dopt=Abstract

adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit. 1.679690033. 2.941687252. 107.3708967. 234989_at. NCRNA00084. non-protein ... major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 /// major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2. -1.61069578 ... fucosidase, alpha-L- 1, tissue. 1.755214914. 2.545112036. 107.3708967. 205594_at. ZNF652. zinc finger protein 652. 1.8699841. ... Interestingly, "Major histocompatibility complex class II receptor activity (MHC), Immune response and MHC class II protein ...

http://www.medsci.org/v08p0168.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sec61_alpha_1

Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport; MCT, multi-subunit tethering complex; AP, Adaptor Protein. IDs of genes ... Alpha; D, Delta; E, Epsilon; Z, Zeta; T20, Tip20; D1, Dsl1; S39, Sec39; T, Trs; T17, Tca17; C, COG; S, Sec; E, Exo; ESCRT, ... Cytoskeletal proteins include proteins associated with actomyosin motor complex and IMC. All extracellular and cytoskeletal ... Legends at the top of each column denote subunit components of complexes. For each organism, filled sectors of the pie ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/06974/figures

... core complex which phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex ... probably four alpha/CHUK-beta/IKBKB dimers are associated with four gamma/IKBKG subunits. The IKK core complex seems to ... associate with regulatory or adapter proteins to form a IKK-signalosome holo-complex. The IKK complex associates with TERF2IP/ ... section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6TMG5

Human Sec61 alpha 1 subunit (S. cerevisiae) (SEC61A1) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company. ... either directly or through adaptor proteins. This gene encodes an alpha subunit of the heteromeric SEC61 complex, which also ... Lenti ORF clone of Sec61a1 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat Sec61 alpha 1 subunit (S. cerevisiae) (Sec61a1), (10 ug). $772. 8 weeks. ... Lenti ORF clone of Sec61a1 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat Sec61 alpha 1 subunit (S. cerevisiae) (Sec61a1), (10 ug). $772. 8 weeks. ...

http://www.origene.com/cdna/trueclone/accession/NM_013336/SC115289.aspx

oaa:100681499 mediator complex subunit 20 249 102 ( -) 29 0.308 120 -, oaa:100086514 adaptor related protein complex 4 epsilon ... oaa:100080810 collagen type III alpha 1 chain K19720 1411 102 ( -) 29 0.357 70 -, oaa:100083548 envoplakin K10383 1995 102 ... oaa:103170260 basic salivary proline-rich protein 2-lik 229 114 ( -) 32 0.316 95 -, oaa:103165771 basic proline-rich protein- ... oaa:100091699 MGA, MAX dimerization protein 2186 103 ( -) 29 0.313 83 -, oaa:100073650 synapsin III K19941 522 102 ( -) 29 ...

http://www.kegg.jp/ssdb-bin/ssdb_paralog?org_gene=oaa:100086791

... alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 1 (SERPINA1), transcript varian - 10 µg - OriGene - cdna clones ... RC225660: AP3M2 (Myc-DDK-tagged)-Human adaptor-related protein complex 3, mu 2 subunit (AP3M2), transcript variant 1 ... all suppliers antibodies assays biochemicals blood and biospecimens cells instruments molecular biology proteins and peptides ... RC225658: SERPINA1 (Myc-DDK-tagged)-Human serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin), member 1 ( ...

https://www.bioscience.co.uk/product~184511

Two genes (proteasome subunit, beta type 10 and adaptor-related protein complex AP-4 sigma 1) were suppressed. We also ... A kinase anchor protein 12 (Akap12), Glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 (Gsta4), and Ral GEF with a PH domain and SH binding ... Weinman EJ, Hall RA, Friedman PA, Liu-Chen LY, Shenolikar S: The Association Of Nherf Adaptor Proteins With G Protein-Coupled ... Adaptor-related protein complex AP-4 sigma 1 (Ap4s1), was suppressed.. Table 4 Genes differentially regulated by all three HDIs ...

https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1186/1471-2164-8-362

adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit. Orthologue. G00000669 (Mus musculus). *Databases (7) ... This region is sufficient to confer Dab2 binding to the alpha-adaptin subunit of the clathrin adaptor protein, AP-2. ... but not mu2-subunit, of the AP-2 complex. Indeed, an appendage domain of alpha-adaptin was identified as a protein interacting ... The AP-1 adaptor complex is associated with the TGN, where it links selected membrane proteins to the clathrin lattice, ...

http://www.genes2cognition.org/db/Gene/G00001918

... and complex assemblies. As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon ... The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, ... Subunit Structure. Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit ... Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein Transport via Transport ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/P62744

Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 2, alpha 2 Subunit ELISA Kits * Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 2, alpha 1 Subunit ELISA Kits ... adapter-related protein complex 2 mu subunit , adaptin-mu2 , adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit mu , clathrin adaptor complex ... adaptor related protein complex 2 mu 1 subunit (AP2M1) Elisa Kit * adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit, a (ap2m1a) ... adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit (Ap2m1) Elisa Kit * adaptor related protein complex 2 mu 1 subunit L homeolog ( ...

http://www.antikoerper-online.de/egfr-signaling-pathway-pathway-26/ap2m1-elisa-kit-1886/

... alongside endocytic markers Adaptor‐Related Protein complex 2 alpha 1 subunit (AP2A1) and Clathrin Heavy Chain 2 (CHC2), known ... We show that LINC complex characteristics such as NE localization, dependence of KASH proteins on SUN protein binding for NE ... SNARE (soluble N-ethyl maleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins mediate membrane trafficking in ... proteins. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) LINC complexes are involved in nuclear movement and positioning in several cell ...

https://www.scoop.it/topic/plant-microbe-symbioses/p/4093777840/2018/02/05/ok-thanks-a-new-mutualism-between-chlamydomonas-and-methylobacteria-facilitates-growth-on-amino-acids-and-peptides

... and complex assemblies. As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon ... The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, ... Functions in nuclear protein import, either in association with an adapter protein, like an importin-alpha subunit, which binds ... Subunit Structure. Forms a complex with an importin alpha subunit. Forms a heterodimer with IPO7. Interacts with IPO7, SNUPN, ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/P70168

The major process that regulates the amplitude and kinetics of signal transduction by tyrosine kinase receptors is endocytic removal of active ligand-receptor complexes from the cell surface, and their subsequent sorting to degradation or to recycling. (nih.gov)
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) cascade is a sensor of cellular energy charge that acts as a 'metabolic master switch' and inhibits cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
Four of the verified genes (solute carrier family 9 isoform 3 regulator 1 (Slc9a3r1), sorbitol dehydrogenase 1, a kinase anchor protein, and glutathione S-transferase alpha 4) were induced. (springer.com)
Symbiosis receptor-like kinase (SymRK) is a key protein mediating the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. (scoop.it)
Our previous work has identified an MAP kinase kinase, SIP2, as a SymRK-interacting protein to positively regulate nodule organogenesis in Lotus japonicus, suggesting that an MAPK cascade might be involved in Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. (scoop.it)
Interacts with PRKCI /atypical protein kinase C iota (By similarity). (rcsb.org)
In this study, the researchers elucidate the signal transduction network between a Gq-coupled GPCR and ERK5.Their research shows that an atypical protein kinase C, PKC zeta, is required for GPCR-mediated ERK5 activation. (asbmb.org)
The adrenergic receptor kinase 1 ( ADRBK 1), thromboxane A2 receptor ( TBXA 2 R ) and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGFA ) regulatory (r) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in the potential stimulating protein-1 (SP1) and Kruppel-like factor-4 (KLF4) transcriptional factor binding sites (TFBS) within these genes are in linkage disequilibrium (LD). (scirp.org)
N-terminal domains of the class ia phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit play a role in cytoskeletal but not mitogenic signaling. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Association of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Composed of p110beta-Catalytic and p85-Regulatory Subunits with the Small GTPase Rab5. (embl-heidelberg.de)
We previously reported that the class-I heterodimeric PI 3-kinase consisting of p110beta-catalytic and p85-regulatory subunits is synergistically activated by two different types of membrane receptors, one possessing tyrosine kinase activity and the other activating trimeric G proteins. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The expressions of constitutively active and dominant negative mutants of Rab5 in THP-1 cells induce the stimulation and inhibition, respectively, of protein kinase B activity, which is dependent on the PI 3-kinase product phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate. (embl-heidelberg.de)
These results suggest that there is a specific interaction between GTP-bound Rab5 and the p110beta/p85 PI 3-kinase, leading to efficient coupling of the lipid kinase product to its downstream target, protein kinase B. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Negative regulation of PI 3-kinase by Ruk, a novel adaptor protein. (embl-heidelberg.de)
We have identified an adaptor protein, Ruk(l), which forms complexes with the PI 3-kinase holoenzyme in vitro and in vivo. (embl-heidelberg.de)
This interaction involves the proline-rich region of Ruk and the SH3 domain of the p85 alpha regulatory subunit of the class I(A) PI 3-kinase. (embl-heidelberg.de)
In contrast to many other adaptor proteins that activate PI 3-kinase, interaction with Ruk(l) substantially inhibits the lipid kinase activity of the enzyme. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Overexpression of Ruk(l) in cultured primary neurons induces apoptosis, an effect that could be reversed by co-expression of constitutively activated forms of the p110 alpha catalytic subunit of PI 3-kinase or its downstream effector PKB/Akt. (embl-heidelberg.de)
This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. (merckmillipore.com)
Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 -- Hiroshi Nishihara -- Domain Protein -- Dopamine and Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate-Regulated Phosphoprotein, 32 kDa -- Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein -- Dopamine- and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein, Mr32 kDa -- Double-Stranded RNA-Activated Protein Kinase -- Down Syndrome Candidate Region 1 (DSCR1) -- Down Syndrome Critical Region 1 (DSCR1) -- Drag1. (opal-libraries.org)
Protein kinase A phosphorylates and regulates dimerization of 14-3-3 epsilon. (proteopedia.org)
This protein constitutes a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Mutations at the PRAAG2 (encoding the gamma2 subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase) causes glycogen overload, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, arrhythmias, and heart failure. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Activation of the two signaling pathways induces TRAF-mediated formation of lysine-63- and methionine-1-linked ubiquitin chains, which are recognized by the transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) complex and the inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) complex, respectively ( 7 ). (asm.org)
Among the genes strongly stimulated by DHT in C4-2B cells - D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT), Protein kinase C delta (PRKCD), Glutathione S- transferase theta 2 (GSTT2), Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 3 (TRPV3), and Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) - most were less strongly or hardly stimulated in LNCaP cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A-kinase anchoring protein 12 [Sou. (gsea-msigdb.org)
However, in contrast with insulin stimulation, no protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) phosphorylation was detected as a result of alkali treatment. (ibch.ru)
The interferon (IFN)-induced double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase PKR mediates inhibition of protein synthesis through phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) and is also involved in the induction of the IFN gene through the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. (asm.org)
The critical step in NF-κB activation is the phosphorylation of IκBα by the IκB kinase (IKK) complex. (asm.org)
The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase PKR is a serine/threonine protein kinase which is present in most cells at basal levels and which can be induced upon interferon (IFN) treatment ( 22 , 42 , 50 ). (asm.org)
A pivotal step in the stimulation of this pathway is the activation of the cytoplasmic IkB-kinase (IKK) complex, which consists of two catalytic subunits, IKK-alpha and beta and a regulatory subunit, IKK-gamma/NEMO. (biomedcentral.com)
Rac1 can directly bind to Par-6 partitioning defective 6 homolog ( PARD6 ) that activates Protein kinase C, zeta ( PKC-zeta ). (bio-rad.com)
Dystrophia myotonica-protein kinase ( DMPK ) and Phospholipase D1, phosphatidylcholine-specific ( PLD1 ) are also downstream targets of the Rac1 [ 26 ], [ 27 ]. (bio-rad.com)

Hardwick K, Pelham H. SED5 encodes a 39-kD integral membrane protein required for vesicular transport between the ER and the Golgi complex. (labome.org)

AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. (genecards.org)
Clathrin-associated CC protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic CC tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and CC concentration. (univ-lyon1.fr)

Simultaneous assessment of the expression of thousands of genes in a single experiment could allow better understanding of the complex and heterogeneous molecular properties of breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes encoding subunits of the endomembrane trafficking system. (elifesciences.org)
The levels of C - reactive protein were higher in hypertensive patients than normotensives and inflammation-related genes were increased as well. (medsci.org)
Essential hypertension has been recognized as a complex, multifactorial, polygenic trait which involves multiple modulating genes and environmental factors. (medsci.org)
Two genes (proteasome subunit, beta type 10 and adaptor-related protein complex AP-4 sigma 1) were suppressed. (springer.com)
We also identified eight growth factors and growth factor receptor genes that are significantly altered by each of the HDIs, including Frizzled related proteins 1 and 4, which modulate the Wnt signaling pathway. (springer.com)
Binding of either TNF-alpha or TNF-beta to TNFR1 initiates a signal transduction pathway that results in the activation of the transduction factor NFkappaB, whose target genes are involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses, and, in certain cells induce apoptosis. (mybiosource.com)
This antibody detects the products of both alpha-adaptin genes, alphaA and alphaC, as well as an alternatively spliced isoform of alphaA found in neurons. (thermofisher.com)
Rhodes D, Stammers M, Malcherek G, Beck S, Trowsdale J. The cluster of BTN genes in the extended major histocompatibility complex. (labome.org)
Mutations of the CASR , the G protein alpha 11 ( GNA11 ) and the adaptor-related protein complex 2 sigma 1 subunit ( AP2S1 ) genes can shift the set point for calcium sensing causing hyper- or hypo-calcemic disorders. (bioscientifica.com)
While the precise molecular basis for an extreme CME flux is unknown, genes encoding the AP2 complex, central to CME in most organisms, are absent from T. brucei, suggesting a mechanistic divergence in trypanosome CME. (ox.ac.uk)
Some of the genes identified as showing overexpression in the cancer cells, particularly those encoding secreted or membrane-bound proteins, could be potential biomarkers for tumors or targets for rational therapeutics that are dependent on VHL status. (gsea-msigdb.org)
In turn, these complexes regulate genes encoding molecules involved in B-cell survival and lymphoid organogenesis. (rcsb.org)
These data collectively implicate PKR as playing a role in the induction of genes, in addition to regulating other metabolic events, such as protein translation, through eIF2α phosphorylation. (asm.org)
The NCBI RefSeq Genes composite track shows human protein-coding and non-protein-coding genes taken from the NCBI RNA reference sequences collection (RefSeq). (ucsc.edu)

Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit AP2A1 or AP2A2 and beta-type subunit AP2B1 ), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP2M1 ) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP2S1 ). (rcsb.org)
Interacts (via N-terminus) with adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunits alpha ( AP2A1 ) and beta ( AP2B1 ). (rcsb.org)
Rabbit anti AP2A1 antibody recognizes AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 (encoded by AP2A1), also known as adaptor related protein complex 2 alpha 1 subunit, clathrin assembly protein complex 2 alpha-A large chain or alpha1-adaptin. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
AP2A1: Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). (mybiosource.com)

The AP-2 alpha subunit acts via its C-terminal appendage domain as a scaffolding platform for endocytic accessory proteins. (genecards.org)
Results indicate that AP-2 is not essential for clathrin -coated vesicle formation at the plasma membrane, but that it is one of several endocytic adaptors required for the uptake of certain cargo proteins. (antikoerper-online.de)
The transport of the two mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPRs) from the secretory pathway to the endocytic pathway is mediated by carrier vesicles coated with the AP-1 Golgi-specific assembly protein and clathrin. (nih.gov)
HIP9 (AP-2 alpha subunit) serves its connecting role by orienting AP-2 on the membrane (binding accessible polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids) while also recognizing and binding to the endocytosis signal motif [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] of endocytic transmembrane accessory proteins via its C-terminal cytosolic tail. (acris-antibodies.com)
This protein is related to components of the endocytic machinery and exhibits a modular structure consisting of an N-terminal proline-rich domain, a central region of homology specific to the human stoned B-like proteins, and a C-terminal region homologous to the mu subunits of adaptor protein (AP) complexes. (ucsc.edu)
By analogy with AP-2 (the well characterized adaptor complex involved in endocytic CCV formation) the gamma-ear domain of AP-1 and Ggas probably mediate interactions with accessory proteins during CCV formation. (eu.org)

A gene on chromosome 5q14.1 that encodes a subunit of the heterotetrameric AP3 complex, a protein complex composed of two large subunits (delta and beta), a medium subunit (mu), and a small subunit (sigma). (thefreedictionary.com)

Adaptor-related protein complex 2 alpha 2 subunit (AP2A2) gene encodes a protein-a subunit of the AP-2 adaptor protein complex. (cdc.gov)
This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles. (antibodies-online.com)
This gene encodes and ADAM family member that cleaves many proteins including TNF-alpha and E-cadherin. (antibodies-online.com)
This gene encodes a protein which is similar to the Drosophila crumbs protein and localizes to the inner segment of mammalian photoreceptors. (antibodies-online.com)
This gene encodes an alpha subunit of the heteromeric SEC61 complex, which also contains beta and gamma subunits. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a subunit of the heterotetrameric coat assembly protein complex 2 (AP2), which belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunits family. (antikoerper-online.de)
This gene encodes the sigma 1 subunit of adaptor-related protein complex 2, a protein that regulates CSR endocytosis. (asbmr.org)
The expanded trinucleotide CAG repeat of the HD gene encodes an abnormally expanded polyglutamine stretch in the N-terminus of the Huntingtin protein. (acris-antibodies.com)
This gene encodes one of two human homologs of the Drosophila melanogaster stoned B protein. (ucsc.edu)

Recently, we identified three related protein kinases acting upstream of the yeast homolog of AMPK. (nih.gov)
The AMPKbeta subunit is the mammalian homolog of the S. cerevisiae Sip1p/Sip2p/Gal83p family of proteins that interact with the AMPKa homolog, Snf1p, and are involved in glucose regulation of gene expression. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Functional analysis of plant E/ANTH proteins are ratherscarce, since only one ANTH homolog from A. thaliana, At-AP180, has beencharacterized so far. (embl-heidelberg.de)

It interacts and has functional relationship to the regulatory protein SNF4. (string-db.org)
This protein interacts with the recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) protein and is a putative substrate of the RAG1 ubiquitin ligase. (nih.gov)
By using a glutathione S -transferase pull-down assay, we showed that PKR interacts with the IKKβ subunit of the IKK complex. (asm.org)
It interacts with accessory proteins such as Rabaptin-5 and gamma-synergin in mammalian cells and Ent3p and Ent5p in yeast. (eu.org)
In the large subunit, about 1/3 of the 23S rRNA nucleotides are at least in van der Waal's contact with protein, and L22 interacts with all six domains of the 23S rRNA. (ebi.ac.uk)

Title: The AP-2 adaptor beta2 appendage scaffolds alternate cargo endocytosis. (nih.gov)
AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. (genecards.org)
HM1.24 is internalized from lipid rafts by clathrin-mediated endocytosis through interaction with alpha-adaptin. (genes2cognition.org)
In contrast to other glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, HM1.24 was internalized from lipid rafts on the cell surface by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. (genes2cognition.org)
Interestingly, a non-canonical tyrosine-based motif, which contains two tyrosine residues, Tyr-6 and Tyr-8, present in the NH2-terminal cytoplasmic tail, was essential for endocytosis through interaction with an Deltaa-adaptin, but not mu2-subunit, of the AP-2 complex. (genes2cognition.org)
Furthermore, overexpression of the appendage domain of alpha-adaptin in cells depleted of alpha-adaptin could rescue the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of HM1.24 but not of the transferrin receptor. (genes2cognition.org)
Taken together, our findings suggest that clathrin-dependent endocytosis of human HM1.24 from the cell surface lipid rafts is mediated by direct interaction with alpha-adaptin. (genes2cognition.org)
A conserved dileucine motif mediates clathrin and AP-2-dependent endocytosis of the HIV-1 envelope protein. (genes2cognition.org)
A membrane proximal conserved GYxxØ motif mediates endocytosis through interaction with the clathrin adaptor AP-2. (genes2cognition.org)
We identify dynamin and the EAP -binding alpha-adaptin appendage domain of the AP2 adaptor as switches in a regulated, multistep maturation process and provide direct evidence for a molecular checkpoint in clathrin mediated endocytosis. (antikoerper-online.de)
[email protected]#AP-2 protein mainly expressed in the hair cells synaptic activity zone , which suggested that AP-2 could play an important role in the synaptic vesicle endocytosis. (bvsalud.org)
Endocytosis of cell surface proteins is mediated by a complex molecular machinery that assembles on the inner surface of the plasma membrane. (ucsc.edu)
During CCV formation (less well characterized for internal membranes than for endocytosis), clathrin and clathrin adaptors interact to nucleate coat assembly by binding to appropriate membranes and recruit cargo molecules, clathrin and other coat associated proteins. (eu.org)

The AP-2 alpha subunit binds polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids, positioning AP-2 on the membrane. (genecards.org)
Functions in nuclear protein import, either in association with an adapter protein, like an importin-alpha subunit, which binds to nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates, or by acting as autonomous nuclear transport receptor. (rcsb.org)
At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to importin-beta and the three components separate and importin-alpha and -beta are re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis releases Ran from importin. (rcsb.org)
Motif conserving the exact sequence KEN that binds to the APC/C subunit Cdh1 causing the protein to be targeted for 26S proteasome mediated degradation. (eu.org)
This degron motif is present in JAZ transcriptional repressor proteins and binds to the COI1 F-box protein of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase in a jasmonate-dependent manner. (eu.org)
For Cul1, the C-terminal cullin-homology domain binds the RING protein. (ebi.ac.uk)
The extracellular domain of integrins binds to the ECM and their cytoplasmic tail domains mediate linkage to the actin cytoskeleton via adapter proteins. (prolekarniky.cz)
(A) This process begins when the free 40S ribosomal subunit, which is stabilized by eIF3 (3) , eIF1 (1) , eIF1A (1A) , and eIF5 (5) , binds to a ternary complex consisting of eIF2-GTP bound to an initiator Met-tRNAi, forming 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC) . (frontiersin.org)
Rac1 binds to NCK-associated protein 1 ( NckAP1 ) and Cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 2 ( CYFIP2 ) and also promotes NCK adaptor protein 1 ( NCK1 ) binding to NckAP1 . (bio-rad.com)
In addition, Rac1 binds to BAI1-associated protein 2 ( BAIAP2 ) that in turn associates with WASF2 . (bio-rad.com)

The AP-2 complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two large adaptins (alpha or beta), a medium adaptin (mu), and a small adaptin (sigma). (antibodies-online.com)
FUNCTION: Adaptins are components of the adaptor complexes which CC link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. (univ-lyon1.fr)
SUBUNIT: Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer CC composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit apl3 and beta- CC type subunit apl1), a medium chain (mu-type subunit apm4) and a CC small adaptin (sigma-type subunit aps2). (univ-lyon1.fr)
Adaptins are important components of clathrin-coated vesicles transporting ligand-receptor complexes from the plasma membrane or from the trans-Golgi network to lysosomes. (genetex.com)
The adaptin family of proteins is composed of four classes of molecules named alpha, beta-, beta prime- and gamma- adaptins. (genetex.com)
Adaptins, together with medium and small subunits, form a heterotetrameric complex called an adaptor, whose role is to promote the formation of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. (genetex.com)
Typically, the dense fractions contained the clathrin light chain, the γ- and α-adaptins, as well as transmembrane proteins like the transferrin receptor and the CI-MPR, as determined by Western blotting. (nih.gov)

Expression of a novel beta adaptin subunit mRNA splice variant in human testes. (nih.gov)
Lu & Werner in "The complete cDNA sequence of mouse elongation factor 1 alpha (EF 1 alpha) mRNA" (NAR, 1989, vol. 17, p. 442). (freepatentsonline.com)
The initiation step of translation consists in the recruitment of the small (40S) ribosome subunit to the 5′-UTR (see Table 1 for abbreviations) of an mRNA and the selection of the translation start site, usually an AUG codon (depicted in Figure 1 ) ( 5 , 13 , 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
Translation initiation starts when the cap structure (m 7 GpppN, where N is any nucleotide) located at the 5′-end of an mRNA is recognized by the cap-binding protein, the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E ( Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Ribosomes are the particles that catalyse mRNA-directed protein synthesis in all organisms. (ebi.ac.uk)

Regulatory subunit of the IKK core complex which phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. (uniprot.org)
Knight, J.C. (2005) Regulatory Polymorphisms Underlying Complex Disease Traits. (scirp.org)
We have now examined the role of the p85alpha regulatory subunit in greater detail. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Structure of the Cand1-Cul1-Roc1 complex reveals regulatory mechanisms for the assembly of the multisubunit cullin-dependent ubiquitin ligases. (ebi.ac.uk)
This indicates a tissue specific pattern of expression of these two regulatory beta subunits. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Binding of AMP results in allosteric activation, inducing phosphorylation on Thr-172 of the AMPKa regulatory subunit (PRKAA) by LKB1 in complex with STE20-related adapter-alpha (STRAD alpha). (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Also important in this regulatory system is the G q /G 11 family of trimeric G proteins, which mediate the regulation of PLC--‐β by the CSR (1, 2) . (asbmr.org)
signal regulatory protein alpha [S. (gsea-msigdb.org)
The IKK core complex seems to associate with regulatory or adapter proteins to form a IKK-signalosome holo-complex (PubMed:10195894). (rcsb.org)
Activation of the oxidase is controlled by the recruitment to the Cytochrome b-558 of such cytosolic regulatory proteins as Neutrophil cytosolic factors 1 and 2 ( p47-phox and p67-phox ) [ 11 ]. (bio-rad.com)

The highly-conserved Notch signaling pathway is unique, as both the Notch receptor and most of its respective ligands (canonically the DSL or Delta/Serrate/lag-2 family members) are transmembrane proteins attached to the cell surface. (antibodies-online.com)
Thus, these results indicate that the concentration of the MPRs, i.e., the major transmembrane proteins sorted toward the endosomes, determines the number of clathrin-coated vesicles formed in the TGN. (nih.gov)
TNFR1 belongs to the TNFR superfamily of transmembrane proteins, and is expressed in most cell types. (mybiosource.com)

Storage Our specialists from Gentaur/Genprice advise to follow carefully the instructions for use and store the Serotype 3 Fimbrial Subunit Polyclonal Antibody, Biotin Conjugated in refrigerator and according to the label upon arrival. (gentaur.com)
The following product was used in this experiment: alpha Adaptin Monoclonal Antibody (AC1-M11) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MA3-061, RRID AB_2056321. (thermofisher.com)
By Western blot, this antibody recognizes an ~100 kDa doublet representing the two isoforms of alpha-adaptin from pig brain extract. (thermofisher.com)
Fig. 3: Western blot analysis of Huntington Disease protein in different lymphoblast cell line extracts (Lanes 1-4) (CAG repeats ~65 and ~20) using AM20340PU-N Huntingtin antibody (Panel A) and an antibody from another source (Panel B). (acris-antibodies.com)
If you cannot find the target and/or product is not available in our catalog, please click here to contact us and request the product or submit your request for custom elisa kit production , custom recombinant protein production or custom antibody production . (mybiosource.com)

Clathrin adaptor AP2 regulates thrombin receptor constitutive internalization and endothelial cell resensitization. (nih.gov)
Evidence has revealed that benzodiazepine receptor-associated protein 1 (BZRAP1) is abundant in the hippocampus with potential effects on brain diseases. (cdc.gov)
Component of a nuclear export receptor complex composed of KPNB1 , Ran, SNUPN and XPO1 . (rcsb.org)
Shi, J.H., Zheng, B., Chen, S., Ma, G.Y. and Wen, J.K. (2012) Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha Mediates All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Induced Klf4 Gene Expression by Regulating Klf4 Promoter Activity in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. (scirp.org)
Gannon, A.M., Turner, E.C., Reid, H.M. and Kinsella, B.T. (2009) Regulated Expression of the Alpha Isoform of the Human Thromboxane A2 Receptor during Megakaryocyte Differentiation: A Coordinated Role for WT1, Egr1, and Sp1. (scirp.org)
The first step, docking at the nuclear pore complex, requires a 54/56 kDa nuclear localization signal receptor (a-karyopherin, importin-a, SRP-a) and the nuclear transport factor p97 (NTF 97, b-karyopherin, importin-b). (abcam.com)
Integrin alpha-4/beta-7 is also a receptor for MADCAM1. (proteopedia.org)
Engagement of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) with its cognate receptor on the cell surface induces an intracellular signaling cascade comprising the adaptor proteins tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) or TRAF5, whereas signaling downstream of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) utilizes TRAF6. (asm.org)
Proteins A46, A52, and K7 exert their inhibitory activity close to the receptor complexes by interacting with upstream signaling adaptor molecules. (asm.org)
Soluble TNF Receptor I (sTNFR1) is capable of inhibiting TNF-alpha and TNF-beta activities by acting as a decoy receptor that serves as a sink for the TNF ligands. (mybiosource.com)
Following on this clue, plus the known association of the alpha subunit of G 11 with calcium receptor signaling and the finding that mice with parathyroid-specific deletion of both G q and G 11 develop hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism, Nesbit et al (3) investigated the role that mutations in G 11 had in the development of Type 2 FHH. (asbmr.org)
Functions in nuclear protein import as an adapter protein for nuclear receptor KPNB1. (nih.gov)
The IRR autophosphorylation correlated with pH-dependent linsitinib-sensitive activation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), the primary adaptor in the insulin signaling pathway. (ibch.ru)
TRAF5, a member of the TNF Receptor-Associated Factor family, is an adaptor protein and E3 ubiquitin ligase which functions downstream various membrane receptors, notably for the activation of the NF-kB pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor p. (broadinstitute.org)

Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. (genecards.org)
These results lead us to conclude that, as in the case of the presynaptic nerve terminal, synaptic vesicles involved in neurotransmitter release along the axon contain a complement of proteins for vesicle docking and Ca2+-dependent fusion. (nih.gov)
Also known as AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 (100 kDa coated vesicle protein A) (Adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit alpha-1) (Adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit alpha-1) (Alpha-adaptin A) (Alpha1-adaptin) (Clathrin assembly protein complex 2 alpha-A large chain) (Plasma membrane adaptor HA2/AP2 adaptin alpha A subunit). (mybiosource.com)
Also known as AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 (100 kDa coated vesicle protein C) (Adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit alpha-2) (Adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit alpha-2) (Alpha-adaptin C) (Alpha2-adaptin) (Clathrin assembly protein complex 2 alpha-C large chain) (Huntingtin yeast partner J) (Huntingtin-interacting protein 9) (HIP-9) (Huntingtin-interacting protein J) (Plasma membrane adaptor HA2/AP2 adaptin alpha C subunit). (mybiosource.com)
Since the E/ANTH protein family appears to becrucial in the first steps of clathrin-coated vesicle budding, weperformed data base searches of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. (embl-heidelberg.de)
GGA proteins regulate clathrin-coated vesicle trafficking by interactingwith multiple proteins during vesicle assembly. (embl-heidelberg.de)

AP2A2 (Adaptor Related Protein Complex 2 Alpha 2 Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
RP11-51L17 contains the AP2A2 (adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit) gene and RP11-963I11 the NID2 (Nidogen 2) gene. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)

Among these substrates is the tuberin protein, the product of the tuberous sclerosis complex 2 gene ( TSC2 ) that upon activation by AMPK represses the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR . (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Abgent has over fifteen years of experience producing recombinant proteins in E. coli and mammalian cells (CHO and HEK293, etc), and we have added a powerful yeast expression platform to our menu of services. (abgent.com)
Using immunofluorescence, we showed surface expression of BTN-green fluorescent protein fusions in mammalian cell transfectants. (labome.org)
It plays an essential role in control of the cell polarity, actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, protein trafficking and directed motility in a vide variety of mammalian cells [ 1 ], [ 2 ]. (bio-rad.com)

Surface-associated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) respond to extracellular molecules, activating signal transduction pathways that direct changes in cellular responses, such as gene expression. (asbmb.org)
Furthermore, G-alpha-q may serve as an adaptor protein in other PKC zeta-mediated signaling cascades, a possibility that enhances the current view of cellular signal transduction. (asbmb.org)
Although chemotaxis transducers are found exclusively in prokaryotic organisms that have some type of motility (flagellar, gliding or pili-based), several types of domains that are found in their N-terminal modules are also present in signal transduction proteins from eukaryotes, including humans. (embl.de)

Second, both endogenous and recombinant complexes of LKB1, STRAD alpha/beta and MO25 alpha/beta activate AMPK via phosphorylation of Thr172. (nih.gov)
Recombinant protein fragment corresponding to amino acids 97-383 of human AP2M1 (NP_001020376) produced in E.coli. (novusbio.com)
The ED50 for this effect in the presence of 0.25ng/ml of recombinant human TNF-alpha, is 0.05ug/ml. (mybiosource.com)
Recombinant corresponding to 162aa from the cysteine rich ligand binding portion of the extracellular domain of the human TNFR1 protein expressed in E. coli. (mybiosource.com)
Small volumes of TNFRSF1A recombinant protein vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. (mybiosource.com)
Recombinant human sTNFR1 is an 18.3kD protein (162 amino acid residues) comprising the cysteine rich ligand binding portion of the extracellular domain of the TNFR1 protein. (mybiosource.com)
The present invention provides a recombinant DNA that is composed of a promoter, a protein coding region, and the hybrid 3′UTR in a continuous and directional orientation. (freepatentsonline.com)
7. The expression vector according to claim 5, wherein the recombinant nucleic acid according to claim 1 further comprises a protein coding sequence that encodes a reporter protein or a therapeutic protein. (freepatentsonline.com)
Antibodies raisedagainst recombinant delta and sigma3 show that they are the other two subunits ofthe adaptor-like complex. (embl.de)
Custom ELISA Kits, Recombinant Proteins and Antibodies can be designed, manufactured and produced according to the researcher's specifications. (mybiosource.com)
Recombinant Lam16A proteins deleted for one or both binding modules and the isolated module CBM4-1 were characterized. (embl.de)

The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family. (genetex.com)

AP-1 heterotetrameric complex contains a gamma-adaptin subunit bearing a gamma-ear at its carboxy terminus, while Ggas are monomeric adaptor proteins containing a C-terminal domain related to the ear domain of gamma-adaptin. (eu.org)

The encoded protein is found on the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles in the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
Beta adaptin is a subunit of the plasma membrane CC adaptor (By similarity). (univ-lyon1.fr)
Immunofluorescence staining of alpha-adaptin in transfected COS cells with MA3-061A yields distinct punctate dots on the plasma membrane. (thermofisher.com)
Both ENTH andANTH (E/ANTH) domains bind to phospholipids and proteins, in order tosupport the nucleation of clathrin coats on the plasma membrane or thetrans-Golgi-network membrane. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Cytology revealed gastrointestinal tumor with tumor cells positive for KIT (CD 117), CD34 and BCL2 apoptosis regulator, weak focal positivity for smooth-muscle actin and desmin and negative for CK7, carcinoembryonic antigen and S100 protein. (iiarjournals.org)
A derivative of VACV strain Copenhagen, called vv811, lacking 55 open reading frames in the left and right terminal regions of the genome was reported to still inhibit NF-κB activation downstream of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), suggesting the presence of one or more additional inhibitors. (asm.org)
The data suggest that the role of VHL as a tumor suppressor may be more complex than previously thought. (gsea-msigdb.org)

The complex is part of the protein coat on the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles which links clathrin to receptors in vesicles. (antibodies-online.com)
Indeed, an appendage domain of alpha-adaptin was identified as a protein interacting with the cytoplasmic tail of HM1.24. (genes2cognition.org)
For the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV), sorting of the viral envelope proteins (Env) to assembly sites is directed by trafficking signals located in the cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane protein gp41 (TM). (genes2cognition.org)
Phosphorylation of the IκB cytoplasmic inhibitors, IκBα, IκBβ and IκBγ by these kinases triggers proteolytic degradation and the release of NFκB/Rel proteins from the IκB inhibitors. (merckmillipore.com)
Inside-out signaling is mediated by binding adaptor proteins to the flexible cytoplasmic tails of the alpha- and beta-integrin subunits. (proteopedia.org)

This cooperativity explains how Nef is able to efficiently downregulate CD4 despite weak binary interactions between components of the tripartite complex. (genes2cognition.org)
V1H can function as an adaptor for interactions between Nef and AP-2 (zeige GTF3A ELISA Kits ). (antikoerper-online.de)
Together, this work demonstrates a novel function for G-alpha-q as an adaptor protein that facilitates GPCR signaling by mediating MEK5-PKC zeta protein-protein interactions. (asbmb.org)
The pathway maps illustrate protein interactions and regulation to provide a comprehensive picture of signaling and disease processes. (bio-rad.com)
Phosphorylation of a threonine in the beta2 integrin tail has been shown to modulate beta2/14-3-3-zeta interactions, and recently, the alpha4 integrin tail was reported to bind to 14-3-3-zeta and associate with paxillin in a ternary complex that is regulated by serine phosphorylation. (proteopedia.org)
Brown PH, Balbo A, and Schuck P. Characterizing protein-protein interactions by sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation. (nih.gov)
Balbo A, Brown PH, Braswell EH, and Schuck P. Measuring protein-protein interactions by equilibrium sedimentation. (nih.gov)
In Protein-ligand Interactions: hydrodynamics and calorimetry, pp. 287-318. (nih.gov)
The expanded polyglutamine repeats formed by this mutation of the Huntingtin gene have been proposed to cause neuronal degeneration in HD through abnormal interactions with other proteins containing short polyglutamine tracts such as the CREB binding protein (CBP), a protein that promotes cell survival and is a major mediator of survival signals in mature neurons. (acris-antibodies.com)
The recentlydetermined crystal structure of the GGA1 GAT domain has provided insightsinto its interactions with partner proteins. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Title: Proteomic analysis identifies dysfunction in cellular transport, energy, and protein metabolism in different brain regions of atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (nih.gov)
The proteasome represents a critical and vital element of cellular protein metabolism in platelets and its proteolytic activity has been associated with platelet function. (bvsalud.org)

This interaction supports the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles, and the encoded subunit aids in the process by binding polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids in the cell membrane. (genecards.org)
This degron overlaps a PCNA interaction protein (PIP) box and is recognised by the CRL4 Cdt2 ubiquitin ligase in a PCNA- and chromatin-dependent manner. (eu.org)
This degron, occurring in non-Vertebrates, overlaps a PCNA interaction protein (PIP) box and is recognised by the CRL4 Cdt2 ubiquitin ligase in a PCNA- and chromatin-dependent manner. (eu.org)
the interaction is further increased in a TNF -alpha-dependent manner (By similarity). (rcsb.org)
This interaction apparently does not require the integrity of the IKK complex, as it was found to occur with extracts from cells deficient in the NF-κB essential modulator, one of the components of the IKK complex. (asm.org)
NF-κB is negatively regulated in the cytoplasm of unstimulated cells through interaction at its nuclear localization sites with the IκB proteins. (asm.org)
It mediates the interaction between the 2 proteins Ent3p and Ent5p and the gamma-ear domains of Gga2p and AP-1. (eu.org)

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family. (antibodies-online.com)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SECY/SEC61- alpha family. (wikipedia.org)
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family. (univ-lyon1.fr)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the importin alpha family, and is involved in nuclear protein import. (nih.gov)

Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. (genecards.org)
Structural similarities between Ruk, CIN85 and CD2AP/CMS suggest that these proteins form a novel family of adaptor molecules that are involved in various intracellular signalling pathways. (embl-heidelberg.de)
1433Z_HUMAN ] Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. (proteopedia.org)
HIP9 is the alpha subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which participates in membrane traffic pathways. (acris-antibodies.com)
iii Summary: Prostate cancer metastasis is a complex process, involving multiple pathways in its orchestration. (spotidoc.com)
OBJECTIVES: Since mechanotransduction coordinates heart function, we evaluated the underlying mechanism implicated in the mechanical changes, focusing especially in mechanosensitive proteins and related signalling pathways during infection of cardiac cells by T. cruzi. (bvsalud.org)
GTP-bound Rac1 activates a large number of effector proteins and promotes various signaling pathways. (bio-rad.com)

The protein encoded by this gene is one of two large chain components of the assembly protein complex 2, which serves to link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. (nih.gov)

Members of this Type 1 transmembrane protein family share structural characteristics including an extracellular domain consisting of multiple epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, and an intracellular domain consisting of multiple, different domain types. (antibodies-online.com)
3 4 5 6 7 Retinoschisin is almost entirely composed of a highly conserved discoidin domain frequently found in a wide range of membrane and extracellular proteins and most likely mediating cell adhesion and cellular signaling processes. (arvojournals.org)
Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are often part of the complex hydrolytic extracellular enzymes from bacteria and may modulate their catalytic activity. (embl.de)

Like in yeast cells, sorting involves not only protein phosphorylation but also conjugation of ubiquitin molecules. (nih.gov)
Cullins are a family of hydrophobic proteins that act as scaffolds for ubiquitin ligases (E3). (ebi.ac.uk)
The RING protein appears to function as a docking site for ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s). (ebi.ac.uk)
Structure of the Cul1-Rbx1-Skp1-F boxSkp2 SCF ubiquitin ligase complex. (ebi.ac.uk)
Negatively regulates the pathway by phosphorylating the scaffold protein TAXBP1 and thus promoting the assembly of the A20/ TNFAIP3 ubiquitin-editing complex (composed of A20/ TNFAIP3 , TAX1BP1 , and the E3 ligases ITCH and RNF11 ). (rcsb.org)
Previous studies showed that the ability of Tax to bind to and activate the IKK complex depends on its prior conjugation to ubiquitin. (biomedcentral.com)

The members of this family are proprotein convertases that process latent precursor proteins into their biologically active products. (antibodies-online.com)
Members of the ADAM family are cell surface proteins with a unique structure possessing both potential adhesion and protease domains. (antibodies-online.com)
The catalytic core of CRLs consists of a RING protein and a cullin family member. (ebi.ac.uk)
Integrins are a family of heterodimeric (alpha+beta) adhesion receptors that play key roles in many cellular processes. (proteopedia.org)
Talin is one well-known intracellular activator, but various other adaptors bind to integrin tails, including 14-3-3-zeta, a member of the 14-3-3 family of dimeric proteins that have a preference for binding phosphorylated sequence motifs. (proteopedia.org)
Vaccinia virus (VACV), a member of the poxvirus family of large DNA viruses and the vaccine used to eradicate smallpox ( 3 ), expresses many proteins that inhibit the activation of the innate immune response and devotes many proteins to the dampening of NF-κB activation ( 4 , 5 ). (asm.org)
GB activates the proapoptotic B cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family member BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID) to switch on the intrinsic mitochondrial death pathway, leading to Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)/Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer- (Bak-) dependent mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), the dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (hindawi.com)
Integrins are the principal family of cell-ECM adhesion receptors in metazoans and are comprised of an alpha and beta subunit [1] . (prolekarniky.cz)
The role of the WASP family proteins in cellular migration and invasion in prostate cancer" MD Thesis by Candidate: Muhammad Moazzam Supervisors: Professor Wen G Jiang and Professor Howard Kynaston i Declaration This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. (spotidoc.com)
WAVEs are member of WASP family of proteins, which have important role in regulation of actin dynamics through regulation of actin related protein (ARP 2/3). (spotidoc.com)

AP3 plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes, as well as in biogenesis of melanosomes, platelet dense granules and lysosomes. (thefreedictionary.com)
The AP-3 complex is associated with the Golgi region of the cell as well as with more peripheral structures. (embl.de)
We are calling this complex AP-3, a name that has also been used for the neuronalspecific phosphoprotein AP180, but we feel that it is amore appropriate designation for an adaptor-related heterotetramer.Immunofluorescence using anti-delta antibodies reveals that the AP-3 complex isassociated with the Golgi region of the cell as well as with more peripheralstructures. (embl.de)
Yeast epsin-related proteins required for Golgi-endosome traffic define a gamma-adaptin ear-binding motif. (eu.org)

Knockdown of Rbp1 caused a similar microcephaly phenotype as the depletion of Nosip and synergy experiments indicated that both proteins act in the same signalling pathway. (xenbase.org)
The encoded protein, a component of a cytokine-activated protein complex that is an inhibitor of the essential transcription factor NF-kappa-B complex, phosphorylates sites that trigger the degradation of the inhibitor via the ubiquination pathway, thereby activating the transcription factor. (merckmillipore.com)
Acts as part of the IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. (merckmillipore.com)
As part of the non-canonical pathway of NF-kappa-B activation, the MAP3K14-activated CHUK/IKKA homodimer phosphorylates NFKB2/p100 associated with RelB, inducing its proteolytic processing to NFKB2/p52 and the formation of NF-kappa-B RelB-p52 complexes. (merckmillipore.com)
The AP-3 complex may be directly involved in trafficking to lysosomes or alternatively it may be involved in another pathway, but that mis-sorting in that pathway may indirectly lead to defects in pigment granules (PMID:10024875). (embl.de)
Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on serine residues. (rcsb.org)

The use of such hybrid regions allows for an efficient protein expression when used in conjunction with circular or linear expression DNA molecules. (freepatentsonline.com)
The transport of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells is mediated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which consists of 60-100 proteins. (nih.gov)

Phosphorylation at Ser108 is required for the activation of the AMPK enzyme, whereas phosphorylation at Ser24/25 and Ser182 affects the localization of the complex. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Following phosphorylation, IκBα becomes ubiquitinated by an E3 ligase complex consisting of β-transducing repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP) ( 10 ) and is subsequently degraded by the proteasome, thus releasing p65/p50 into the nucleus and allowing transcription to occur. (asm.org)
The IKK complex associates with TERF2IP /RAP1, leading to promote IKK-mediated phosphorylation of RELA /p65 (PubMed:20622870). (rcsb.org)
Its best-characterized substrate is the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), the phosphorylation of which leads to inhibition of protein synthesis ( 21 ). (asm.org)
However, Tax-induced phosphorylation of IKK-alpha/beta is significantly decreased in the same setting, which coincided with a decreased ability of Tax to activate a NF-kB promoter. (biomedcentral.com)

The AP-2 alpha and AP-2 sigma subunits are thought to contribute to the recognition of the [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] motif (By similarity). (genecards.org)
Part of a 70-90 kDa complex at least consisting of CHUK /IKKA, IKBKB , NFKBIA , RELA , ELP1 and MAP3K14 (By similarity). (rcsb.org)

A tool for stoichiometric co-expression of effector and target proteins to study intracellular protein trafficking processes has been provided by the so called 2A peptide technology. (diva-portal.org)

Clathrin adaptors. (nih.gov)
Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. (genecards.org)
The clathrin adaptors implicated in CCV formation at the TGN and endosomes are AP-1 and Ggas. (eu.org)

Simultaneous recruitment of these complexes facilitates TAK1-dependent activation of the IKK catalytic subunits (IKKα and IKKβ), which phosphorylate IκB ( 8 , 9 ). (asm.org)

Search, Find and Buy Antibodies, ELISA Kits and Proteins. (antibodies-online.com)
First, two AMPKK activities purified from rat liver contain LKB1, STRAD alpha and MO25 alpha, and can be immunoprecipitated using anti-LKB1 antibodies. (nih.gov)
Check out links to articles that cite our custom service antibodies, peptides, and proteins in major peer-reviewed journals, organized by research category. (abgent.com)

We recently showed that LKB1 exists as a complex with two accessory subunits, STRAD alpha/beta and MO25 alpha/beta. (nih.gov)
Third, catalytically active LKB1, STRAD alpha or STRAD beta and MO25 alpha or MO25 beta are required for full activity. (nih.gov)
FT CHAIN 1 677 AP-2 complex subunit beta. (univ-lyon1.fr)
Full length native protein (purified) corresponding to Cow NTF97/Importin beta. (abcam.com)
This domain is composed of three subdomains: a 4-helical bundle domain, an alpha+beta domain, and a winged helix-like domain. (ebi.ac.uk)
Integrin alpha-4/beta-1 recognizes the sequence Q-I-D-S in VCAM1. (proteopedia.org)
This domain lies at the C-terminus of the clathrin-adaptor protein complex-3 beta-1 subunit. (embl.de)
We have recently shown that two proteins related to two of the adaptor subunitsof clathrincoated vesicles, p47 (mu3) and beta-NAP (beta3B), are part of anadaptor-like complex not associated with clathrin (Simpson, F., N.A. Bright, M.A.West, L.S. Newman, R.B. Darnell, and M.S. Robinson, 1996. (embl.de)
In the present study we have searched the EST database and haveidentified, cloned, and sequenced a ubiquitously expressed homologue of beta-NAP,beta3A, as well as homologues of the alpha/gamma and sigma adaptor subunits,delta and sigma3, which are also ubiquitously expressed. (embl.de)
probably four alpha/ CHUK -beta/ IKBKB dimers are associated with four gamma/ IKBKG subunits. (rcsb.org)
Swapping both FnIII-2 and FnIII-3 IRR domains with those of IR shifted beta-subunit mass from 68 kDa for IRR to about 100 kDa due to increased glycosylation and abolished the IRR pH response. (ibch.ru)
Read-through transcription of this gene into the neighboring downstream gene, which encodes TFIIA-alpha/beta-like factor, generates a transcript (SALF), which encodes a fusion protein comprised of sequence sharing identity with each individual gene product. (ucsc.edu)
Proteins containing the N-terminal module CBM4-1 bound to the soluble polysaccharides laminarin (1,3-beta-glucan) and barley 1,3/1,4-beta-glucan, and proteins containing the C-terminal module CBM4-2 bound additionally to curdlan (1,3-beta-glucan) and pustulan (1,6-beta-glucan), and to insoluble yeast cell wall beta-glucan. (embl.de)
This superfamily represents a domain found at the C terminus of ribosomal proteins L7 and L12, and also in the adaptor protein ClpS, forming an alpha/beta sandwich [ PMID: 12235156 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
NADPH oxidase is a multisubunit complex that contains Cytochrome b-558 , which is a heterodimer composed of the large Cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide ( gp91-phox ) and small Cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide ( p22-phox ) subunits. (bio-rad.com)

Arkadia (zeige RNF111 ELISA Kits ) complexes with clathrin adaptor AP2 (zeige GTF3A ELISA Kits ) mu2 subunit and regulates EGF (zeige EGF ELISA Kits ) signalling. (antikoerper-online.de)

Talin links integrins to the actin cytoskeleton and serves as a scaffold for the recruitment of other proteins, such as paxillin in focal adhesion formation and regulation. (bvsalud.org)
Activated WASF1(WAVE1) stimulates Actin related protein 2/3 complex ( Arp2/3 ) that mediates Actin cytoskeletal polymerization [ 16 ]. (bio-rad.com)

The L7 and L12 ribosomal proteins are part of the large 50S ribosomal subunit, and occur in four copies organised as two dimers. (ebi.ac.uk)

A model for the structural relationship of the G-alpha-q-PKC-zeta-MEK5 complex in controlling ERK5 activation. (asbmb.org)
Most interesting, perhaps, is that PKC zeta and MEK5, which is an activator of ERK5, are shown to physically interact via the G protein subunit, G-alpha-q. (asbmb.org)
Upon GPCR activation, the trimeric MEK5-G-alpha-q-PKC zeta complex appears to be required for ERK5. (asbmb.org)

A hydrophobic degron motif present in some kainate receptors necessary to interact with kelch domain of actinfilin protein for efficient ubiquitination and degradation. (eu.org)
An Acidic degron motif present in wnk kinases necessary to interact with kelch domain of KLHL2 and KLHL3 proteins for efficient ubiquitination degradation. (eu.org)
The N-terminal region of cullins is more variable, and is used to interact with specific adaptor proteins [ PMID: 15688063 , PMID: 11961546 , PMID: 15537541 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
Most of the proteins interact with multiple RNA elements, often from different domains. (ebi.ac.uk)

This encoded protein is a calcium-dependent serine endoprotease that can efficiently cleave precursor proteins at their paired basic amino acid processing sites. (antibodies-online.com)

Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEC61A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)

Forms a complex with an importin alpha subunit. (rcsb.org)
Since they have different expression patterns and subcellular localisation profiles, we suggest that the two importin-alpha homologues are not redundant in the context of normal Drosophila development. (labome.org)

AP2A1 Gene - GeneCards | AP2A1 Protein | AP2A1 Antibody (genecards.org)

Genome-Wide Expression Profiling of the Retinoschisin-Deficient Retina in Early Postnatal Mouse Development | IOVS | ARVO... (iovs.arvojournals.org)

Merging microarray data from separate breast cancer studies provides a robust prognostic test | BMC Bioinformatics | Full Text (bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com)

Microarray Analysis of Differential Gene Expression Profile in Peripheral Blood Cells of Patients with Human Essential... (medsci.org)

Anatomy8

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes8

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science2

Health Care3

Geographicals1

AP-4, a novel protein complex related to clathrin adaptors. (1/230)

High-affinity binding of the AP-1 adaptor complex to trans-golgi network membranes devoid of mannose 6-phosphate receptors. (2/230)

Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4) endocytosis and adaptor complex binding require activation of the CD4 endocytosis signal by serine phosphorylation. (3/230)

The beta2-adrenergic receptor/betaarrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis. (4/230)

Inhibition of clathrin-coated pit assembly by an Eps15 mutant. (5/230)

ADP-ribosylation factor 1 dependent clathrin-coat assembly on synthetic liposomes. (6/230)

Inhibition of the receptor-binding function of clathrin adaptor protein AP-2 by dominant-negative mutant mu2 subunit and its effects on endocytosis. (7/230)

Splice variants of intersectin are components of the endocytic machinery in neurons and nonneuronal cells. (8/230)

Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex 3

Adaptor Protein Complex 1

Adaptor Protein Complex 2

Adaptor Protein Complex 4

Adaptor Protein Complex Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex delta Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits

Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport

Adaptor Protein Complex gamma Subunits

Adaptor Protein Complex beta Subunits

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing

Clathrin

Human Characteristics

Monomeric Clathrin Assembly Proteins

Molecular Sequence Data

Protein Subunits

Protein Binding

Amino Acid Sequence

GRB2 Adaptor Protein

Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins

Adaptor Protein Complex sigma Subunits

Endocytosis

Membrane Proteins

Coated Vesicles

Protein Transport

trans-Golgi Network

Clathrin-Coated Vesicles

Endosomes

Carrier Proteins

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Cell Line

Macromolecular Substances

Signal Transduction

Phosphoproteins

Mutation

Transport Vesicles

GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits

Cell Membrane

GTP-Binding Proteins

Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane

Transfection

Multiprotein Complexes

GRB10 Adaptor Protein

Protein Structure, Tertiary

Gene Products, nef

California

Academies and Institutes

Mice, Knockout

National Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.)

Hospitals, Pediatric

AP-4, a novel protein complex related to clathrin adaptors. (1/230)

High-affinity binding of the AP-1 adaptor complex to trans-golgi network membranes devoid of mannose 6-phosphate receptors. (2/230)

Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4) endocytosis and adaptor complex binding require activation of the CD4 endocytosis signal by serine phosphorylation. (3/230)

The beta2-adrenergic receptor/betaarrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis. (4/230)

Inhibition of clathrin-coated pit assembly by an Eps15 mutant. (5/230)

ADP-ribosylation factor 1 dependent clathrin-coat assembly on synthetic liposomes. (6/230)

Inhibition of the receptor-binding function of clathrin adaptor protein AP-2 by dominant-negative mutant mu2 subunit and its effects on endocytosis. (7/230)

Splice variants of intersectin are components of the endocytic machinery in neurons and nonneuronal cells. (8/230)

NACAP1 (nascent polypeptide associated complex alpha subunit pseudogene 1)

Arsenic in the structure of Crystal Structure Analys of the Gamma-Copi Appendage Domain (pdb 1r4x)

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