A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.
An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.
A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins hemagglutinin 3 and neuraminidase 2. The H3N2 subtype was responsible for the Hong Kong flu pandemic of 1968.
Proteins associated with the inner surface of the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope. These proteins have been implicated in control of viral transcription and may possibly serve as the "glue" that binds the nucleocapsid to the appropriate membrane site during viral budding from the host cell.
The ability of viruses to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents or antiviral agents. This resistance is acquired through gene mutation.
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.

Identification of selective mechanism-based inactivators of cytochromes P-450 2B4 and 2B5, and determination of the molecular basis for differential susceptibility. (1/428)

Rabbit cytochromes P-450 (P-450) 2B4 and 2B5 differ by only 12 amino acid residues yet they exhibit unique steroid hydroxylation profiles. Previous studies have led to the identification of active site residues that are determinants of these specificities. In this study, mechanism-based inactivators were identified that discriminate between the closely related 2B4 and 2B5 enzymes. A previously characterized inhibitor, 2-ethynylnaphthalene (2EN), was found to be selective for 2B4 inactivation. As inhibitor metabolism and the partition ratio affect susceptibility, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to assess the stability of the productive binding orientation of 2EN within 2B4 and 2B5 three-dimensional models. Although 2EN was stable within the 2B4 model, it exhibited substantial movement away from the heme moiety in the 2B5 model. However, heterologously expressed 2B5 was found to catalyze the oxidation of 2EN to the stable product 2-naphthylacetic acid. Thus, the increased mobility of 2EN may result in reduced susceptibility of 2B5 by increasing the probability that the reactive ketene intermediate hydrolyzes with water instead of reacting with active site residues. Another compound, 1-adamantyl propargyl ether (1APE), selectively inactivated 2B5. The structural basis for 2EN and 1APE susceptibility was assessed using active site mutants. Interconversion of 2EN susceptibility was observed for 2B4 or 2B5 mutants containing a single alteration at residue 363. Single substitutions in 2B4 also conferred susceptibility to 1APE; however, multiple alterations were required to reduce the susceptibility of 2B5. These alterations may influence inhibitor susceptibility by affecting the stability of the productive binding orientation.  (+info)

Guest exchange in an encapsulation complex: a supramolecular substitution reaction. (2/428)

Encapsulation complexes are reversibly formed assemblies in which small molecule guests are completely surrounded by large molecule hosts. The assemblies are held together by weak intermolecular forces and are dynamic: they form and dissipate on time scales ranging from milliseconds to days-long enough for many interactions, even reactions, to take place within them. Little information is available on the exchange process, how guests get in and out of these complexes. Here we report that these events can be slow enough for conventional kinetic studies, and reactive intermediates can be detected. Guest exchange has much in common with familiar chemical substitution reactions, but differs in some respects: no covalent bonds are made or broken, the substrate is an assembly rather than a single molecule, and at least four molecules are involved in multiple rate-determining steps.  (+info)

Eukaliuric diuresis and natriuresis in response to the KATP channel blocker U37883A: micropuncture studies on the tubular site of action. (3/428)

1. Systemic application of U37883A, a blocker of ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, elicits diuresis and natriuresis without significantly altering urinary potassium excretion. 2. To elucidate tubular sites of action upstream to the distal nephron, micropuncture experiments were performed in nephrons with superficial glomeruli of anaesthetized Munich-Wistar-Fromter rats during systemic application of U37883A (1, 5 or 15 mg kg-1 i.v.). 3. The observed eukaliuric diuresis and natriuresis in response to U37883A at 15 mg kg-1 was accompanied by an increase in early distal tubular flow rate (VED) from 10 - 18 nl min(-1) reflecting a reduction in fractional reabsorption of fluid up to this site (FR-fluid) of 13%. The latter proposed an effect on water-permeable segments such as the proximal tubule which could fully account for the observed reduction in fractional reabsorption of Na+ up to the early distal tubule (FR-Na+) of 8% and the increase in early distal tubular Na+ concentration ([Na+]ED) from 35 - 51 mM whereas [K+]ED was left unaltered. 4. In comparison, furosemide (3 mg kg-1 i.v.), which acts in the water-impermeable thick ascending limb, elicited diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis which were associated with a fall in FR-Na+ of 10% with no change in FR-fluid, and a rise in [Na+]ED from 42 - 117 mM and [K+]ED from 1.2 - 5.7 mM with no change in VED. 5. Direct late proximal tubular fluid collections confirmed a significant inhibition of fluid reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule in response to systemic application of U37883A. 6. These findings suggest that the diuretic and natriuretic effect upstream to the distal tubule in response to systemic application of U37883A involves actions on water-permeable segments such as the proximal convoluted tubule.  (+info)

Analysis of vasoconstrictor responses to histamine in the hindlimb vascular bed of the rabbit. (4/428)

Hemodynamic responses to histamine were investigated in the anesthetized rabbit. Intravenous injections of histamine induced dose-dependent decreases in systemic arterial pressure that were blocked by the H(1)-receptor antagonist pyrilamine but not the H(2) antagonist cimetidine. Injections of histamine and the H(1) agonist 6-[2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylamine]-N-(4-trifuormethylphenyl)-heptan ecardo xamide dimaleate (HTMT) into the hindlimb perfusion circuit increased hindlimb perfusion pressure, whereas the H(2) agonist dimaprit decreased perfusion pressure and the H(3)-receptor agonist R-(-)-alpha-methylhistamine did not alter perfusion pressure. Pyrilamine reduced hindlimb vasoconstrictor responses to histamine and HTMT but did not alter vasodilator responses to dimaprit. Cimetidine reduced the response to dimaprit but did not alter vasoconstrictor responses to histamine or HTMT. The H(3)-receptor antagonist thioperamide was without effect on responses to the histamine agonists. These data suggest the presence of H(1) and H(2) receptors and that histamine for the most part acts by stimulating H(1) receptors to produce vasoconstriction in the hindlimb vascular bed of the rabbit. Responses to histamine, HTMT, and norepinephrine were significantly enhanced by a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor at a time when vasodilator responses to dimaprit were unaltered and responses to acetylcholine were significantly reduced. Responses to histamine and the H(1) and H(2) agonists were not affected by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor meclofenamate or by ATP-sensitive K(+) channel, alpha-adrenergic, or angiotensin AT(1) receptor antagonists. The present data suggest that H(1) receptors mediate both systemic vasodepressor and hindlimb vasoconstrictor responses to histamine.  (+info)

Block of human aorta Kir6.1 by the vascular KATP channel inhibitor U37883A. (5/428)

1. A human aorta cDNA library was screened at low stringency with a rat pancreatic Kir6.1 cDNA probe and a homologue of Kir6.1 (hKir6.1) was isolated and sequenced. 2. Metabolic poisoning of Xenopus laevis oocytes with sodium azide and application of the K+ channel opener drug diazoxide induced K+ channel currents in oocytes co-injected with cRNA for hKir6.1 and hamster sulphonylurea receptor (SUR1), but not in oocytes injected with water or cRNA for hKir6.1 or SUR1 alone. 3. K+ channel currents due to hKir6.1+SUR1 or mouse Kir6.2+SUR1 were strongly inhibited by 1 microM glibenclamide. K+-current carried by hKir6.1+SUR1 was inhibited by the putative vascular-selective KATP channel inhibitor U37883A (IC50 32 microM) whereas current carried by Kir6.2+SUR1 or Shaker K+ channels was unaffected. 4. The data support the hypothesis that hKir6.1 is a component of the vascular KATP channel, although the lower sensitivity of hKir6.1+SUR1 to U37883A compared with native vascular tissues suggests the need for another factor or subunit. Furthermore, the data suggest that pharmacology of KATP channels can be determined by the pore-forming subunit as well as the sulphonylurea receptor and point to a molecular basis for the pharmacological distinction between vascular and pancreatic/cardiac KATP channels.  (+info)

Inhibition of vascular K(ATP) channels by U-37883A: a comparison with cardiac and skeletal muscle. (6/428)

1 The aim of this study was to investigate the selectivity of the ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel inhibitor U-37883A (4-morpholinecarboximidine-N-1-adamantyl-N'-1-cyclohexyl). Membrane currents through K(ATP) channels were recorded in single muscle cells enzymatically isolated from rat mesenteric artery, cardiac ventricle and skeletal muscle (flexor digitorum brevis). K(ATP) currents were induced either by cell dialysis with 0.1 mM ATP and 0.1 mM ADP, or by application of synthetic potassium channel openers (levcromakalim or pinacidil). 2 U-37883A inhibited K(ATP) currents in smooth muscle cells from rat mesenteric artery. Half inhibition of 10 microM levcromakalim-induced currents occurred at a concentration of 3.5 microM. 3 Relaxations of rat mesenteric vessels caused by levcromakalim were reversed by U-37883A. 1 microM levcromakalim-induced relaxations were inhibited at a similar concentration of U-37883A (half inhibition, 1.1 microM) to levcromakalim-induced KATP currents. 4 K(ATP) currents activated by 100 microM pinacidil were also studied in single myocytes from rat mesenteric artery, skeletal muscle and cardiac ventricle. 10 microM U-37883A substantially inhibited K(ATP) currents in vascular cells, but had little effect in skeletal or cardiac myocytes. Higher concentrations of U-37883A (100 microM) caused a modest decrease in K(ATP) currents in skeletal and cardiac muscle. The sulphonylurea K(ATP) channel antagonist glibenclamide (10 microM) abolished currents in all muscle types. 5 The effect of U-37883A on vascular inward rectifier (KIR) and voltage-dependent potassium (KV) currents was also examined. While 10 microM U-37883A had little effect on these currents, some inhibition was apparent at higher concentrations (100 microM) of the compound. 6 We conclude that U-37883A inhibits K(ATP) channels in arterial smooth muscle more effectively than in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Furthermore, this compound is selective for K(ATP) channels over KV and KIR channels in smooth muscle cells.  (+info)

Early increases in renal kallikrein secretion on administration of potassium or ATP-sensitive potassium channel blockers in rats. (7/428)

1 This study aimed to examine whether administration of potassium or ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) blockers caused early increases in renal kallikrein (KK) secretion. To clarify this mechanism, the effect on renal KK secretion of a KATP channel blocker was compared with the effect resulting from use of an osmotic diuretic or volume load. Furthermore, the effect on potassium-induced increases in renal KK secretion by an additional treatment using a KATP channel blocker was examined. Lastly, the effect of a KATP channel blocker on renal KK secretion was also examined in superfused slices of kidney cortex. 2 Intravenous infusion of potassium augmented renal KK secretion within 30 min while urine volume increased gradually in both the potassium loading and control groups. 3 Administration of the KATP channel blocker, 4-morpholinecarboximidine-N-1-adamantyl-N'-cyclohexylhydr ochloride (PNU-37883A) or glibenclamide, caused a dose-dependent increase in renal KK secretion. 4 The concentration of KK in urine was higher in the PNU-37883A group as compared to the osmotic-diuretic or volume-load group. 5 PNU-37883A had no additive effect on the potassium-induced increase in renal KK secretion. 6 Renal KK secretion increased in slices of kidney cortex incubated with PNU-37883A within 10 min of superfusion. 7 In conclusion, administration of both potassium and KATP channel blockers induced early increases in renal KK secretion in the absence of the washout phenomenon. Potassium loading may have increased renal KK secretion through the same mechanism as the KATP channel blocker.  (+info)

Effects of the bcr/abl kinase inhibitors AG957 and NSC 680410 on chronic myelogenous leukemia cells in vitro. (8/428)

The tyrphostin AG957 (NSC 654705) inhibits p210bcr/abl, the transforming kinase responsible for most cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The present studies were performed to determine the fate of AG957-treated cells and assess the selectivity of AG957 for CML myeloid progenitors. When K562 cells (derived from a patient with blast crisis CML) were treated with AG957, dose- and time-dependent p210bc/abl down-regulation was followed by mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and apoptotic morphological changes. These apoptotic changes were inhibited by transfection with cDNA encoding dominant negative caspase-9 but not dominant-negative FADD or blocking anti-Fas antibodies. In additional experiments, a 24-h AG957 exposure caused dose-dependent inhibition of K562 colony formation in soft agar. To extend these studies to clinical samples of CML, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 10 chronic phase CML patients and normal controls were assayed for the growth of hematopoietic colonies in vitro in the presence of increasing concentrations of AG957. These assays demonstrated selectivity of AG957 for CML progenitors, with median IC50s (CML versus normal) of 7.3 versus >20 microM AG957 in granulocyte colony-forming cells (P < 0.001), 5.3 versus >20 microM in granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells (P < 0.05), and 15.5 versus > 20 microM in erythroid colony-forming cells (P > 0.05). The adamantyl ester of AG957 (NSC 680410) down-regulated p210bcr/abl in K562 cells and inhibited granulocyte colony formation in CML specimens at lower concentrations without enhanced toxicity in normal progenitors. These observations not only demonstrate that AG957-induced p210bcr/abl down-regulation is followed by activation of the cytochrome c/Apaf-1/caspase-9 pathway but also indicate that this class of kinase inhibitor exhibits selectivity worthy of further evaluation.  (+info)

Symptoms of influenza include:

* Fever (usually high)
* Cough
* Sore throat
* Runny or stuffy nose
* Headache
* Muscle or body aches
* Fatigue (tiredness)
* Diarrhea and nausea (more common in children than adults)

Influenza can lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinus and ear infections. These complications are more likely to occur in people who have a weakened immune system, such as the elderly, young children, and people with certain chronic health conditions (like heart disease, diabetes, and lung disease).

Influenza is diagnosed based on a physical examination and medical history. A healthcare provider may also use a rapid influenza test (RIT) or a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for influenza typically involves rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) to relieve fever and body aches. Antiviral medications, such as oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza), may also be prescribed to help shorten the duration and severity of the illness. However, these medications are most effective when started within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms.

Prevention is key in avoiding influenza. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza, as well as practicing good hygiene such as washing your hands frequently, avoiding close contact with people who are sick, and staying home when you are sick.

Today, adamantane is an affordable chemical compound with a cost of about $1 a gram. All the above methods yield adamantane as ... Adamantane is the most stable isomer of C10H16. The spatial arrangement of carbon atoms in the adamantane molecule is the same ... Most reactions of adamantane occur via the 3-coordinated carbon sites. They are involved in the reaction of adamantane with ... Adamantane is an organic compound with a formula C10H16 or, more descriptively, (CH)4(CH2)6. Adamantane molecules can be ...
... is an organophosphorus compound that is used as a precursor to bulky phosphine ligands. Abbreviated ... Paul G. Pringle, Martin B. Smith "Phosphatrioxa-adamantane Ligands" in Phosphorus(III) Ligands in Homogeneous Catalysis: Design ...
Schleyer, Paul von R.; Donaldson, M. M.; Nicholas, R. D.; Cupas, C. (1973). "Adamantane". Organic Syntheses.; Collective Volume ... and rearranges to adamantane with aluminium chloride or acid at elevated temperature. Merck Index, 11th Edition, 2744 NIOSH ...
Other adamantane antivirals subsequently followed, such as rimantadine (1-(1-aminoethyl)adamantane) and adapromine (1-(1- ... Bromantane is an adamantane derivative. It is also known as adamantylbromphenylamine, from which its name was derived. In the ... Bromantane, sold under the brand name Ladasten, is an atypical psychostimulant and anxiolytic drug of the adamantane family ... Morozov, I. S.; Ivanova, I. A.; Lukicheva, T. A. (2001). "Actoprotector and Adaptogen Properties of Adamantane Derivatives (A ...
... s also known as nanodiamonds or condensed adamantanes may include one or more cages (adamantane, diamantane, ... Examples include: Adamantane (C10H16) Iceane (C12H18) BC-8 (C14H20) Diamantane (C14H20) also diadamantane, two face-fused cages ... Adamantane derivatives have been proposed as a functionalizing molecule for enhancing electron-tunneling-based DNA sequencing ... García, J. C.; Justo, J. F.; Machado, W. V. M.; Assali, L. V. C. (2009). "Functionalized adamantane: building blocks for ...
... s (abbreviated Adz) are compounds containing four nitrogen atoms linked by carbons (analogous to adamantane with ...
Adamantanes: Amantadine • Memantine • Rimantadine Aminotetralins: 7-OH-DPAT • 8-OH-PBZI • Rotigotine • UH-232 Benzazepines: 6- ...
... is the ketone of adamantane. A white solid, it is prepared by oxidation of adamantane. It is a precursor to ... several adamantane derivatives. Adamantanone and some related polycyclic ketones, are reluctant to form enolates. This barrier ...
Fursova, E. Yu.; Romanenko, G. V.; Tolstikov, S. E.; Ovcharenko, V. I. (2019). "Mononuclear Transition Metal Adamantane-1- ...
For example, it will oxidize adamantane to 1-adamantanol. Because it is such an aggressive oxidant, reaction conditions must be ... "Rigid Multivalent Scaffolds Based on Adamantane". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 73 (3): 1056-1060. doi:10.1021/jo702310g. ...
The compound is notable for its synthesis by carboxylation of adamantane. 1-Adamantanecarboxylic acid is unusual in forming ... Fursova, E. Yu.; Romanenko, G. V.; Tolstikov, S. E.; Ovcharenko, V. I. (2019). "Mononuclear Transition Metal Adamantane-1- ... it is the simplest carboxylic acid derivative of adamantane. ...
These findings might also extend to the other adamantanes such as adapromine, rimantadine, and bromantane and could explain the ... Morozov, I. S.; Ivanova, I. A.; Lukicheva, T. A. (2001). "Actoprotector and Adaptogen Properties of Adamantane Derivatives (A ... Tromantadine Spasov, A. A.; Khamidova, T. V.; Bugaeva, L. I.; Morozov, I. S. (2000). "Adamantane derivatives: Pharmacological ... Adapromine is an antiviral drug of the adamantane group related to amantadine (1-aminoadamantane), rimantadine (1-(1-aminoethyl ...
Adamantane Twistane Propellane Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane Fieser, L. F. (1965). "Extensions in the use of plastic ...
Highly reactive 1,3-dehydro derivative of adamantane". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91 (16): 4593. doi:10.1021/ja01044a072. Mlinaric- ... This compound is formally derived from adamantane by removing two hydrogens and adding an internal bond. It can be viewed as [ ...
Garcia, J. C.; Justo, J. F.; Machado, W. V. M.; Assali, L. V. C. (2009). "Functionalized adamantane: building blocks for ...
Garcia JC, Justo JF, Machado WV, Assali LV (2009). "Functionalized adamantane: building blocks for nanostructure self-assembly ...
This colorless solid is structurally related to adamantane. It is formally the anhydride of phosphorous acid, H3PO3, but cannot ... Adamantane-like molecules, Phosphorus oxides, Phosphorus(III) compounds, Tricyclic compounds). ...
Highly reactive 1,3-dehydro derivative of adamantane". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91 (16): 4593-4593. doi:10.1021/ja01044a072. Matsuoka ... which can be obtained from adamantane by removal of two hydrogen atoms to create an internal bond. It is a polycyclic ...
Adamantane was the first, and "Congressane", as diamantane came to be known, was only the second member of an entire family of ... Olah, G. A; Ramaiah, P.; Rao, C. B.; Sandford, G.; Golam, R.; Trivedi, N. J.; Olah, J. A. (1993). "Nitration of adamantane and ... Diamantane then became as readily available as adamantane and its chemistry could be studied more easily. Diamantane can be ... Gordadze, G. N.; Giruts, M. V. (2008). "Synthesis of adamantane and diamantane hydrocarbons by high-temperature cracking of ...
It has a cage-like structure similar to adamantane. It is useful in the synthesis of other organic compounds, including ... The molecule has a tetrahedral cage-like structure, similar to adamantane. Four vertices are occupied by nitrogen atoms, which ...
Morozov, I. S.; Ivanova, I. A.; Lukicheva, T. A. (2001-05-01). "Actoprotector and Adaptogen Properties of Adamantane ... Adamantane derivatives such as Bromantane Bromantane Memantine Bemitil Oliynyk S, Oh S (September 2012). "The pharmacology of ...
They are the adamantanes and NAIs. The adamantanes only work on influenza A so since 2010 WHO recommended the usage of NAIs for ... In contrast to adamantanes, NAIs are less toxic and less prone to promote drug-resistant influenza. Moreover, they are ... Neuraminidase Neuraminidase inhibitors Influenza virus Adamantane Christopher W. Cairo. (2014) Inhibitors of the human ...
Adamantane is added to some dyes to prolong their life. Cycloheptatriene and cyclooctatetraene (COT) can be added as triplet ...
Currently, adamantane resistance is high among circulating influenza A viruses. Thus, they are no longer recommended for ... These findings may also extend to the other adamantanes such as adapromine, rimantadine, and bromantane, and could explain the ... Rimantadine is a closely related adamantane derivative with similar biological properties; both target the M2 proton channel of ... "Effects of the 1-amino-adamantanes at the MK-801-binding site of the NMDA-receptor-gated ion channel: a human postmortem brain ...
Hypothetical nanothread architectures built from the smallest diamondoids (adamantane) have been proposed to have higher ... Marutheeswaran, S.; Jemmis, Eluvathingal D. (15 March 2018). "Adamantane-Derived Carbon Nanothreads: High Structural Stability ...
This finding, reported by Scawab et al., was the beginning of medicinal chemistry of adamantane derivatives in the context of ... Before this finding, memantine, another adamantane derivative, had been synthesized by Eli Lilly and Company in 1963. The ... Wanka L, Iqbal K, Schreiner PR (May 2013). "The lipophilic bullet hits the targets: medicinal chemistry of adamantane ... two adamantane derivatives, the affinity for the binding site of NR1/NR2B subunit is much greater for memantine. In patch-clamp ...
The other form resembles zinc iodide with interconnected adamantane-like cages. Beryllium iodide can be used in the preparation ...
"Synthesis and Single-Molecule Imaging of Highly Mobile Adamantane-Wheeled Nanocars". ACS Nano. 7 (1): 35-41. doi:10.1021/ ...
Like rimantadine, amantadine, and adapromine, tromantadine is a derivative of adamantane. Tromantadine inhibits the early and ... Adamantanes, Acetamides, Dimethylamino compounds, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs, Dermatologic drug stubs). ...
Both rimantadine and the similar drug amantadine are derivates of adamantane. Rimantadine is found to be more effective than ... Adamantanes, Amines, Anti-influenza agents, Suspected embryotoxicants, Suspected teratogens, NMDA receptor antagonists, Proton ...
These findings of adamantane resistance pertain to human influenza A (H3N2) viruses and not to avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses ... High Levels of Adamantane Resistance Among Influenza A (H3N2) Viruses and Interim Guidelines for Use of Antiviral Agents --- ... Incidence of adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated worldwide from 1994 to 2005: a cause for concern. ... Resistance of influenza A viruses to adamantanes can occur spontaneously or emerge rapidly during treatment (3). A single point ...
Adamantane-Resistant Influenza Infection During the 2004-05 Season Mahbubur Rahman*1, Rick A. Bright†2, Burney A. Kieke*, James ... Adamantane-Resistant Influenza Infection During the 2004-05 Season. ...
We also provide custom synthesis and GMP manufacturing services.where to buy Adamantanes ... where to buy Adamantanes, Chemenu is research-based manufacturer of pharmaceutical intermediates and fine chemicals offering ...
adamantane · #5 · Dec 28, 2005. * Add to quote * Share Only show this user ...
The title compound, 1-(3-isoselenocyanatopropyl)adamantane, was synthesized for the first time from 3-(adamantan-1-yl)propan-1- ... amine by the two-stage reaction with 1-(3-isocyanopropyl)adamantane as intermediate. The product was characterized by NMR, GC- ...
B. Adamantane. In a 500-ml. Erlenmeyer flask having a 24/40 standard taper joint are placed 200 g. (1.47 moles) of molten endo- ... The solid adamantane is removed by suction filtration and there results 27-30 g. (13.5-15.0%) of crystals, melting point about ... Additional adamantane, 2-6 g., can be obtained by distilling the mother liquors through a 10-cm. Vigreux column and chilling ... Adamantane can be isolated from petroleum, where it is found in minute yield.5 Two multistep syntheses starting with ...
The objective of this work, is to study adamantanes and to tune their bandgap, since pure adamantane is considered as an ... For this, we doped adamantane with oxygen and sulfur atoms, thus obtaining 730 different structures with double bonds and 730 ... From the seven selected functionalized adamantanes (ADD-04, ADD-05, ADD-07, ADD-19, ADD-20, ADD-41, and ADD-48), any of these ... Bond order effects on the optoelectronic properties of oxygen/sulfur functionalized adamantanes. ...
Most of the current circulating viruses are generally resistant to the Adamantanes. The Adamantanes include Amantadine and ...
be either positive or negative. One of the absolutely craziest events in the history of the world is Andrea Rossi and his accolites pretending that the orsobubu works his butt off as consultant about the positive and the negative just on May 1st, the day all socialists, anarchists and internationalists of the whole planet celebrate their working class. Clearly here there is no respect for the orsobubu, with someone wanting the slavery be suddenly restored for the sake of the cold fusion. The very idea of Andrea Rossi himself and the Fabian striving 16 hours straight in the container on the day of May 1st, makes my two COPs break down to -15 level.. Traditionally, due to the strong anticommunist connotation developed in United States after the October Revolution, May 1st assumed the meaning exactly opposite, at least at the official level: americanization day, loyalty day, law day… the paradox is that, originally, the celebration was instituted just after the tragic Haymarket affair, Which ...
Examples include trans-decalin and adamantane-both of which are present in… ...
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Adamantane Derivatives as Potential Treatments for Alzheimers Disease  ...
What is the role of adamantanes in the treatment of influenza?. What are the guidelines for antiviral therapy in the treatment ... Amantadine and rimantadine are antiviral drugs in a class of medications known as adamantanes that were once prescribed for ... viruses resistant to adamantanes. Therefore, amantadine and rimantadine are not recommended for antiviral treatment or ...
Coincidence study of core-ionized adamantane: site-sensitivity within a carbon cage? ...
Triaza-adamantane. R. Lukeš and K. Syhora First page. Previous abstract Next abstract ...
Amantadine is in a class of medications called adamantanes. It is thought to work to control movement problems by increasing ...
very symmetric molecules like cubane, adamantane, benzene... have a small liquid range (or sublimate depending on the pressure ...
Safety of oseltamivir compared with the adamantanes in children less than 12 months of age.. 19949363 The Pediatric infectious ...
Since 2006, only the neuraminidase inhibitors have been recommended, because of widespread resistance to the adamantanes among ... whereas the adamantanes (amantadine and rimantadine) have activity against influenza A viruses only. ...
1-amino-3-ethyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-isopropyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-n-butyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3,5-diethyl adamantane,. 1 ... 1-amino-3-ethyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-isopropyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-n-butyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3,5-diethyl adamantane,. 1 ... 1-amino-3,5-di-n-butyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-methyl-5-ethyl adamantane,. 1-N-methylamino-3,5-dimethyl adamantane,. 1-N- ... 1-N-methyl-N-isopropyl-amino-3-methyl-5-ethyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-butyl-5-phenyl adamantane,. 1-amino-3-pentyl adamantane,. ...
The individual building blocks of a catenane are polyhedral molecules - a type of adamantane - that link arms to form a 2D mesh ... The building blocks, a type of polyhedral molecule called adamantane, essentially lock their six arms to form an extended ...
M2 proton channel blockers adamantanes (amantadine and rimantadine), to which virus resistance has been frequently reported, ... Currently, the majority of circulating influenza viruses are resistant to the adamantanes and WHO recommends neuraminidase ...
All currently circulating influenza viruses are resistant to adamantane antiviral drugs (such as amantadine and rimantadine), ...
The structure of the adamantane-1-carboxylic acid complex was determined by X-ray crystallography: the oxygen atoms of the ... The Parkinsons drug 1-amino-adamantane (amantadine) binds with an association constant of 104 M−1 in the neutral form (pH ...
Adamantanes (rimantadine and amantadine) are not currently recommended for treatment or prevention of influenza because of high ...
Incidence of adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated worldwide from 1994 to 2005: a cause for concern. ...
Adamantane/analogs & derivatives (1975-1979). Bridged Compounds (1966-1975). Ethylamines (1966-1975). ...
ACA (1-(Adamantane-1-carbonyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid). *Analytical Standards. USD $29.95. Read more. ...
Diamondoids : they are variants of the carbon cage molecule known as adamantane (C10H16), the smallest unit cage structure of ... They may include one or more cages (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane, and higher polymantanes).. Diamondoids occur naturally ... and have been extracted and purified into large pure crystals of polymantane molecules having more than a dozen adamantane ...
  • Two classes of antiviral medications are available currently: adamantanes or M2 ion channel inhibitors (i.e., amantadine and rimantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (i.e., oseltamivir and zanamivir). (cdc.gov)
  • Amantadine and rimantadine are antiviral drugs in a class of medications known as adamantanes that were once prescribed for influenza treatment or prophylaxis. (medscape.com)
  • Amantadine and rimantadine are antiviral drugs in a class of medications known as adamantanes. (cdc.gov)
  • Amantadine is in a class of medications called adamantanes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This report describes new findings regarding the resistance to adamantanes of influenza A viruses currently circulating in the United States and provides interim recommendations that these drugs not be used during the remainder of the 2005--06 influenza season. (cdc.gov)
  • Resistance of influenza A viruses to adamantanes can occur spontaneously or emerge rapidly during treatment ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Neither replication, transmission, nor virulence of adamantane-resistant influenza A viruses are impaired by the point mutations conferring resistance ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • A recent report on the global prevalence of adamantane-resistant influenza A viruses indicated a significant increase of drug resistance, from 1.8% during the 2001--02 influenza season to 12.3% during the 2003--04 season ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In the United States, the frequency of adamantane resistance increased from 1.9% during the 2003--04 influenza season to 11% during the 2004--05 season (CDC, unpublished data, 2005). (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast to adamantane resistance, neuraminidase inhibitor resistance remains rare worldwide ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • During October 1, 2005--January 14, 2006, a total of 123 influenza A viruses collected from 23 states were tested at CDC for adamantane resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • Procedures for virus propagation, RNA extraction, and pyrosequencing for adamantane resistance have been described previously ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The adamantanes are active against only influenza A viruses and are used for both treatment and chemoprophylaxis of influenza A, whereas the neuraminidase inhibitors are active against both influenza A and B viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • 99%) of influenza A(H3N2) and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (2009 H1N1) viruses resistant to adamantanes. (medscape.com)
  • The objective of this work , is to study adamantanes and to tune their bandgap, since pure adamantane is considered as an insulator due to its high bandgap energy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Adamantane derivatives (amantadine, rimantadine) have been used to prevent and treat influenza A for more than three decades. (medscape.com)
  • Two classes of antiviral medications are available currently: adamantanes or M2 ion channel inhibitors (i.e., amantadine and rimantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (i.e., oseltamivir and zanamivir). (cdc.gov)
  • Amantadine is in a class of medications called adamantanes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cross-resistance among the adamantanes, rimantadine and amantadine, has been observed. (nih.gov)
  • Influenza A variants with reduced in vitro sensitivity to amantadine hydrochloride have been isolated from epidemic strains in areas where adamantane derivatives are being used. (nih.gov)
  • Examination of case histories of U.S. patients with drug-resistant isolates since 2004 revealed that few had had adamantane treatment, recent travel in Asia, or contact with travelers from Asia. (medscape.com)