Acyl carrier protein s acetyltransferase. Medical search

Consists of a polypeptide chain and 4'-phosphopantetheine linked to a serine residue by a phosphodiester bond. Acyl groups are bound as thiol esters to the pantothenyl group. Acyl carrier protein is involved in every step of fatty acid synthesis by the cytoplasmic system.

The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated PROTEIN C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the action of factors VIIIa and Va. A deficiency in protein S; (PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY); can lead to recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis.

An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms.

The form of fatty acid synthase complex found in BACTERIA; FUNGI; and PLANTS. Catalytic steps are like the animal form but the protein structure is different with dissociated enzymes encoded by separate genes. It is a target of some ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS which result in disruption of the CELL MEMBRANE and CELL WALL.

An enzyme of long-chain fatty acid synthesis, that adds a two-carbon unit from malonyl-(acyl carrier protein) to another molecule of fatty acyl-(acyl carrier protein), giving a beta-ketoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) with the release of carbon dioxide. EC 2.3.1.41.

Large enzyme complexes composed of a number of component enzymes that are found in STREPTOMYCES which biosynthesize MACROLIDES and other polyketides.

This enzyme catalyzes the transacylation of malonate from MALONYL CoA to activated holo-ACP, to generate malonyl-(acyl-carrier protein), which is an elongation substrate in FATTY ACIDS biosynthesis. It is an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of FATTY ACIDS in all BACTERIA.

Enzymes from the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of acyl groups from donor to acceptor, forming either esters or amides. (From Enzyme Nomenclature 1992) EC 2.3.

Enzymes catalyzing the transfer of an acetyl group, usually from acetyl coenzyme A, to another compound. EC 2.3.1.

Enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA derivatives.

A class of enzymes that transfers substituted phosphate groups. EC 2.7.8.

A 3-oxoacyl reductase that has specificity for ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN-derived FATTY ACIDS.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased levels of plasma protein S antigen or activity, associated with venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. PROTEIN S is a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein that inhibits blood clotting by serving as a cofactor for activated PROTEIN C (also a vitamin K-dependent protein), and the clinical manifestations of its deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein C deficiency. Treatment with heparin for acute thrombotic processes is usually followed by maintenance administration of coumarin drugs for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis. (From Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1511; Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p1523)

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] to trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein]. It has a preference for acyl groups with a carbon chain length between 4 to 16.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-sulfur bond. EC 6.2.

A ribosomal protein that may play a role in controlling cell growth and proliferation. It is a major substrate of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASES and plays a role in regulating the translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) of RNAs that contain an RNA 5' TERMINAL OLIGOPYRIMIDINE SEQUENCE.

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The addition of an organic acid radical into a molecule.

A coenzyme A derivative which plays a key role in the fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasmic and microsomal systems.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A diphenyl ether derivative used in cosmetics and toilet soaps as an antiseptic. It has some bacteriostatic and fungistatic action.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of acetylcholine from acetyl-CoA and choline. EC 2.3.1.6.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.

Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent.

Proteins found in ribosomes. They are believed to have a catalytic function in reconstituting biologically active ribosomal subunits.

An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.

A genus of gram-positive bacteria whose spores are round to oval and covered by a sheath.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

S-Acyl coenzyme A. Fatty acid coenzyme A derivatives that are involved in the biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids as well as in ceramide formation.

The protein components of a number of complexes, such as enzymes (APOENZYMES), ferritin (APOFERRITINS), or lipoproteins (APOLIPOPROTEINS).

An enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of chloramphenicol to yield chloramphenicol 3-acetate. Since chloramphenicol 3-acetate does not bind to bacterial ribosomes and is not an inhibitor of peptidyltransferase, the enzyme is responsible for the naturally occurring chloramphenicol resistance in bacteria. The enzyme, for which variants are known, is found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. EC 2.3.1.28.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Systems of enzymes which function sequentially by catalyzing consecutive reactions linked by common metabolic intermediates. They may involve simply a transfer of water molecules or hydrogen atoms and may be associated with large supramolecular structures such as MITOCHONDRIA or RIBOSOMES.

Compounds based on ANTHRACENES which contain two KETONES in any position. Substitutions can be in any position except on the ketone groups.

A enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from ACETYL CoA to acyl-carrier protein to form COENZYME A and acetyl-acyl-carrier protein.

A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The leaves are the source of cilantro and the seeds are the source of coriander, both of which are used in SPICES.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.

Formation of an acetyl derivative. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Polyacenes with four ortho-fused benzene rings in a straight linear arrangement. This group is best known for the subclass called TETRACYCLINES.

A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E1A-ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN. They function as transcriptional coactivators by bridging between DNA-binding TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and the basal transcription machinery. They also modify transcription factors and CHROMATIN through ACETYLATION.

Ligases that catalyze the joining of adjacent AMINO ACIDS by the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds between their carboxylic acid groups and amine groups.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of O-acetylcarnitine from acetyl-CoA plus carnitine. EC 2.3.1.7.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

A class of enzymes that catalyze the formation of a bond between two substrate molecules, coupled with the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP or a similar energy donor. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 6.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

A vitamin-K dependent zymogen present in the blood, which, upon activation by thrombin and thrombomodulin exerts anticoagulant properties by inactivating factors Va and VIIIa at the rate-limiting steps of thrombin formation.

A genus of VIBRIONACEAE, made up of short, slightly curved, motile, gram-negative rods. Various species produce cholera and other gastrointestinal disorders as well as abortion in sheep and cattle.

The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-SERINE to COENZYME A and O-acetyl-L-serine, using ACETYL-COA as a donor.

NMR spectroscopy on small- to medium-size biological macromolecules. This is often used for structural investigation of proteins and nucleic acids, and often involves more than one isotope.

The facilitation of biochemical reactions with the aid of naturally occurring catalysts such as ENZYMES.

The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to alpha helices, beta strands (which align to form beta sheets) or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation.

Compounds containing the -SH radical.

An N-terminal acetyltransferase subtype that consists of the Naa10p catalytic subunit and the Naa15p auxiliary subunit. The structure of this enzyme is conserved between lower and higher eukaryotes. It has specificity for N-terminal SERINE; ALANINE; THREONINE; GLYCINE; VALINE; and CYSTINE residues and acts on nascent peptide chains after the removal of the initiator METHIONINE by METHIONYL AMINOPEPTIDASES.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typically 12, 14, or 16)-membered lactone. Macrolides belong to the POLYKETIDES class of natural products, and many members exhibit ANTIBIOTIC properties.

An N-terminal acetyltransferase subtype that consists of the Naa50p catalytic subunit, and the Naa10p and Naa15p auxiliary subunits. It has specificity for the N-terminal METHIONINE of peptides where the next amino acid in the chain is hydrophobic.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

Serum proteins that negatively regulate the cascade process of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. Uncontrolled complement activation and resulting cell lysis is potentially dangerous for the host. The complement system is tightly regulated by inactivators that accelerate the decay of intermediates and certain cell surface receptors.

Natural compounds containing alternating carbonyl and methylene groups (beta-polyketones), bioenergenetically derived from repeated condensation of acetyl coenzyme A via malonyl coenzyme A, in a process similar to fatty acid synthesis.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).

An enzyme that transfers acyl groups from acyl-CoA to glycerol-3-phosphate to form monoglyceride phosphates. It acts only with CoA derivatives of fatty acids of chain length above C-10. Also forms diglyceride phosphates. EC 2.3.1.15.

An enzyme that catalyzes the acetyltransferase reaction using ACETYL CoA as an acetyl donor and dihydrolipoamide as acceptor to produce COENZYME A (CoA) and S-acetyldihydrolipoamide. It forms the (E2) subunit of the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.

Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

A family of protein serine/threonine kinases which act as intracellular signalling intermediates. Ribosomal protein S6 kinases are activated through phosphorylation in response to a variety of HORMONES and INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS. Phosphorylation of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 by enzymes in this class results in increased expression of 5' top MRNAs. Although specific for RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 members of this class of kinases can act on a number of substrates within the cell. The immunosuppressant SIROLIMUS inhibits the activation of ribosomal protein S6 kinases.

Enzymes that catalyze the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond leading to unsaturated products via the removal of water. EC 4.2.1.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A plant genus of the family Cruciferae. It contains many species and cultivars used as food including cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kale, collard greens, MUSTARD PLANT; (B. alba, B. junica, and B. nigra), turnips (BRASSICA NAPUS) and rapeseed (BRASSICA RAPA).

The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.

Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.

The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.

Any salt or ester of glycerophosphoric acid.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA from two molecules of ACETYL COA. Some enzymes called thiolase or thiolase-I have referred to this activity or to the activity of ACETYL-COA C-ACYLTRANSFERASE.

A soil-dwelling actinomycete with a complex lifecycle involving mycelial growth and spore formation. It is involved in the production of a number of medically important ANTIBIOTICS.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.

Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

Identification of a starter unit acyl-carrier protein transacylase domain in an iterative type I polyketide synthase. (1/8)

Polyketides are a class of natural products that exhibit a wide range of functional and structural diversity. They include antibiotics, immunosuppressants, antifungals, antihypercholesterolemics, and cytotoxins. Polyketide synthases (PKSs) use chemistry similar to fatty acid synthases (FASs), although building block variation and differing extents of reduction of the growing polyketide chain underlie their biosynthetic versatility. In contrast to the well studied sequential modular type I PKSs, less is known about how the iterative type I PKSs carry out and control chain initiation, elongation, folding, and cyclization during polyketide processing. Domain structure analysis of a group of related fungal, nonreducing PKSs has revealed well defined N-terminal domains longer than commonly seen for FASs and modular PKSs. Predicted structure of this domain disclosed a region similar to malonyl-CoA:acyl-carrier protein (ACP) transacylases (MATs). MATs play a key role transferring precursor CoA thioesters from solution onto FASs and PKSs for chain elongation. On the basis of site-directed mutagenesis, radiolabeling, and kinetics experiments carried out with individual domains of the norsolorinic acid PKS, we propose that the N-terminal domain is a starter unit:ACP transacylase (SAT domain) that selects a C(6) fatty acid from a dedicated yeast-like FAS and transfers this unit onto the PKS ACP, leading to the production of the aflatoxin precursor, norsolorinic acid. These findings could indicate a much broader role for SAT domains in starter unit selection among nonreducing iterative, fungal PKSs, and they provide a biochemical rationale for the classical acetyl "starter unit effect." (+info)

De novo fatty acid synthesis mediated by acyl-carrier protein in Neurospora crassa mitochondria. (2/8)

The acyl-carrier protein (ACP) in Neurospora crassa mitochondria [Brody, S. & Mikolajczyk, S. (1988) Eur. J. Biochem. 173, 353-359] mediated a cerulenin-sensitive, de novo fatty acid synthesis independent of the fatty acid synthetase complex present in the cytoplasm. Incubation of mitochondria with [2-14C]malonate labeled only the ACP as indicated by autoradiography after SDS/PAGE. Under these in vitro conditions ATP was required for the initial acyl-ACP formation, but further elongation required either magnesium or the direct addition of NADPH. Labeled hexanoic (6:0) and caprylic (8:0) acids were detected as intermediates in the pathway, as well as hydroxymyristic acid. All of the intermediates, and the eventual product of the reaction, myristic acid (14:0), were released from the ACP by alkaline treatment. Pulse-chase experiments demonstrated the incorporation on to, and release of label from, the ACP. In vivo labeling of ACP with [2-14C]malonate was also detected and the label was in the form of hydroxymyristic acid. This newly discovered pathway is discussed from the standpoint of its possible role in providing acyl chains for mitochondrial lipids. (+info)

Purification and characterization of [acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase from Escherichia coli. (3/8)

A multi-step procedure has been developed for the purification of [acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase from Escherichia coli, which allows the production of small amounts of homogeneous enzyme. The subunit Mr was estimated to be 29,000 and the native Mr was estimated to be 61,000, suggesting a homodimeric structure. The catalytic properties of the enzyme are consistent with a Bi Bi Ping Pong mechanism and the existence of an acetyl-enzyme intermediate in the catalytic cycle. The enzyme was inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide and more slowly by iodoacetamide in reactions protected by the substrate, acetyl-CoA. However, the enzyme was apparently only weakly inhibited by the thiol-specific reagent methyl methanethiosulphonate. The nature of the acetyl-enzyme intermediate is discussed in relationship to that found in other similar enzymes from E. coli, yeast and vertebrates. (+info)

Effect of thiolactomycin on the individual enzymes of the fatty acid synthase system in Escherichia coli. (4/8)

Thiolactomycin, an antibiotic with the structure of (4S)-(2E,5E)-2,4,6-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5,7-octatriene-4-++ +thiolide, selectively inhibits type II fatty acid synthases. The mode of the thiolactomycin action on the fatty acid synthase system of Escherichia coli was investigated. Of the six individual enzymes of the fatty acid synthase system, [acyl-carrier-protein] (ACP) acetyltransferase and 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase were inhibited by thiolactomycin. On the other hand, the other enzymes were not affected by this antibiotic. The thiolactomycin inhibition of the fatty acid synthase system was reversible. As to ACP acetyltransferase, the inhibition was competitive with respect to ACP and uncompetitive with respect to acetyl-CoA. As to 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase, the inhibition was competitive with respect to malonyl-ACP and noncompetitive with respect to acetyl-ACP. The thiolactomycin action on the fatty acid synthase system was compared with that of cerulenin. (+info)

Characterization of the fatty acid synthetase system of Curtobacterium pusillum. (5/8)

Curtobacterium pusillum contains 11-cyclohexylundecanoic acid as a major component of cellular fatty acids. A trace amount of 13-cyclohexyltridecanoic acid is also present. Fatty acids other than omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids present are 13-methyltetradecanoic, 12-methyltetradecanoic, n-pentadecanoic, 14-methylpentadecanoic, 13-methylpentadecanoic, n-hexadecanoic, 15-methylhexadecanoic, 14-methylhexadecanoic, and n-heptadecanoic acids. The fatty acid synthetase system of this bacterium was studied. Various 14C-labeled precursors were added to the growth medium and the incorporation of radioactivity into cellular fatty acids was analyzed. Sodium [14C]acetate and [14C]glucose were incorporated into almost all species of cellular fatty acids, the incorporation into 11-cyclohexylundecanoic acid being predominant. [14C]Isoleucine was incorporated into 12-methyltetradecanoic and 14-methylhexadecanoic acids: [14C]leucine into 13-methyltetradecanoic and 15-methylhexadecanoic acids; and [14C]valine into 14-methylpentadecanoic acid. [14C]-Shikimic acid was incorporated almost exclusively into omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids. The fatty acid synthetase activity of the crude enzyme preparation of C. pusillum was reconstituted on the addition of acyl carrier protein. This synthetase system required NADPH and preferentially utilized cyclohexanecarbonyl-CoA as a primer. The system was also able to use branched- and straight-chain acyl-CoAs with 4 to 6 carbon atoms effectively as primers but was unable to use acetyl-CoA. However, if acetyl acyl carrier protein was used as the priming substrate, the system produced straight-chain fatty acids. The results imply that the specificity of the initial acyl-CoA:acyl carrier protein acyltransferase dictates the structure of fatty acids synthesized and that the enzymes catalyzing the subsequent chain-elongation reactions do not have the same specificity restriction. (+info)

Biochemical and genetic characterization of an auxotroph of Bacillus subtilis altered in the Acyl-CoA:acyl-carrier-protein transacylase. (6/8)

We have analyzed a mutation of Bacillus subtilis (bfmB) that results in an acyl-CoA:acyl-carrier-protein transacylase with low affinity for branched acyl-CoA substrates; it maps in the acf-hisH region of the chromosome. The aceA mutation, present in the parent of the bfmB mutant, causes a deficiency in pyruvate dehydrogenase and maps in the pycA-pyrA region. Strains carrying the bfmB mutation synthesize branched-chain fatty acids at a rate sufficient for normal growth only if branched acyl-CoA precursors are present in the medium. They grow well if the medium is supplemented with 0.1 mM 2-methylbutyrate, isobutyrate or isovalerate, or with 1.0 mM isoleucine or valine; leucine does not support growth. Growth supported by valine and isoleucine is inhibited by butyrate and other straight short-chain fatty acids at concentrations (0.1 mM) which do not inhibit growth of the standard strain; the inhibition is prevented by short branched fatty acids which are converted to long-chain fatty acids appearing as activity of B. subtilis is controlled by separate enzymatic sites for the acyl-CoA precursors of branched and straight-chain fatty acids. Whether these sites are contained in one or two enzymes is not known. (+info)

The purification and function of acetyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase. (7/8)

When individual enzyme activities of the fatty acid synthetase (FAS) system were assayed in extracts from five different plant tissues, acetyl-CoA:acyl carrier protein (ACP) transacylase and beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthetases I and II had consistently low specific activities in comparison with the other enzymes of the system. However, two of these extracts synthesized significant levels of medium chain fatty acids (rather than C16 and C18 acid) from [14C]malonyl-CoA; these extracts had elevated levels of acetyl-CoA:ACP transacylase. To explore the role of the acetyl transacylase more carefully, this enzyme was purified some 180-fold from spinach leaf extracts. Varying concentrations of the transacylase were then added either to spinach leaf extracts or to a completely reconstituted FAS system consisting of highly purified enzymes. The results suggested that: (a) acetyl-CoA:ACP transacylase was the enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the plant FAS system; (b) increasing concentration of this enzyme markedly increased the levels of the medium chain fatty acids, whereas increase of the other enzymes of the FAS system led to increased levels of stearic acid synthesis; and (c) beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthetase I was not involved in the rate-limiting step. It is suggested that modulation of the activity of acetyl-CoA:ACP transacylase may have important implications in the type of fatty acid synthesized, as well as the amount of fatty acids formed. (+info)

Beta-lactams SB 212047 and SB 216754 are irreversible, time-dependent inhibitors of coenzyme A-independent transacylase. (8/8)

The enzyme coenzyme A-independent transacylase (CoA-IT) has been demonstrated to be the key mediator of arachidonate remodeling, a process that moves arachidonate into 1-ether-containing phospholipids. Blockade of CoA-IT by reversible inhibitors has been shown to block the release of arachidonate in stimulated neutrophils and inhibit the production of eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor. We describe novel inhibitors of CoA-IT activity that contain a beta-lactam nucleus. beta-Lactams were investigated as potential mechanism-based inhibitors of CoA-IT on the basis of the expected formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediate complex. Two beta-lactams, SB 212047 and SB 216754, were shown to be specific, time-dependent inhibitors of CoA-IT activity (IC50 = 6 and 20 microM, respectively, with a 10-min pretreatment time). Extensive washing and dilution could not remove the inhibition, suggesting it was irreversible. In stimulated human monocytes, SB 216754 decreased the production of eicosanoids in a time-dependent manner. In an in vivo model of phorbol ester-induced ear inflammation, SB 216754 was able to inhibit indices of both edema and cell infiltration. Taken together, the results support two hypotheses: 1) CoA-IT activity is important for the production of inflammatory lipid mediators in stimulated cells and in vivo and 2) the mechanism by which CoA-IT acts to transfer arachidonate is through an acyl-enzyme intermediate. (+info)

acyl-carrier-protein S-acetyltransferase activity]. • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds. • [acyl-carrier-protein S- ... 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein synthase activity]. • acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein hydrolase activity]. • hydrolase activity. • ... enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein reductase (NADPH, B-specific) activity]. • protein binding. • 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein ... acyl-carrier-protein dehydratase activity]. • 3-hydroxyoctanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein dehydratase activity]. • protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_synthase

These include the acyl carrier protein (ACP), acetyl transferase (AT), ketosynthase (KS), malonyl transferase (MT; which can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annonacin

CurA contains a unique GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) loading domain and an associated acyl carrier protein (ACP). The ... March 2011). "Tandem acyl carrier proteins in the curacin biosynthetic pathway promote consecutive multienzyme reactions with a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curacin_A

https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASN

... acyl-carrier protein):UDP-3-O-((3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-alpha-D-glucosamine N-acetyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the ... acyl-carrier protein] The enzyme catalyses a step of lipid A biosynthesis. Bartling CM, Raetz CR (September 2009). "Crystal ... acyl-carrier protein] + UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } UDP-2,3-bis ... UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.191, UDP-3-O-acyl-glucosamine N-acyltransferase, UDP-3-O-(R ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine_N-acyltransferase

... acyl-carrier-protein) S-acetyltransferase EC 2.3.1.39: (acyl-carrier-protein) S-malonyltransferase EC 2.3.1.40: acyl-(acyl- ... ribosomal-protein-alanine N-acetyltransferase EC 2.3.1.129: acyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine O- ... acyl-carrier-protein) synthase II EC 2.3.1.180: beta-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase III EC 2.3.1.181: lipoyl(octanoyl ... carrier-protein)-phospholipid O-acyltransferase EC 2.3.1.41: 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase EC 2.3.1.42: glycerone- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_2)

... acyl-carrier protein s-acetyltransferase MeSH D08.811.913.050.134.060 - acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase MeSH D08.811.913.050. ... acyl-carrier-protein) reductase (nadh) MeSH D08.811.682.660.390 - enoyl-(acyl-carrier protein) reductase (nadph, b-specific) ... serine O-acetyltransferase MeSH D08.811.913.050.170 - acyl-carrier protein s-malonyltransferase MeSH D08.811.913.050.173 - 1- ... acyl-carrier-protein) synthase MeSH D08.811.913.050.625 - phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase MeSH D08.811.913.050.646 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)

... phosphate acetyltransferase, NADH peroxidase,Phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase (PPAT), acyl carrier protein, 3‐ ... faecalis homodimeric repressor protein CylR2. The E. faecalis genome consists of 3.22 million base pairs with 3,113 protein- ... "Cold denaturation of a protein dimer monitored at atomic resolution". Nature Chemical Biology. 9 (4): 264-270. doi:10.1038/ ... "In search of novel protein drug targets for treatment ofEnterococcus faecalisinfections". Chemical biology & drug design. Wiley ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus_faecalis

... acyl-carrier-protein) S-acetyltransferase) domain, which initiates the process of fatty acid synthesis. Here, acetyltransferase ... acyl-carrier-protein) synthase (ACPS) domain. ACPS attaches the 4′-phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of CoA to the acyl ... Leibundgut M, Jenni S, Frick C, Ban N (April 2007). "Structural basis for substrate delivery by acyl carrier protein in the ... Yeast fatty acyl synthase belongs to the Type I FAS and was the first of Type I FAS to be studied. Yeast fatty acyl synthase, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty-acyl-CoA_synthase

... acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include acetyl coenzyme A-acyl-carrier-protein ... acyl-carrier-protein] Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and acyl carrier protein, whereas its two products ... acyl-carrier-protein]acetyltransferase, [ACP]acetyltransferase, and ACAT. This enzyme participates in fatty acid biosynthesis. ... In enzymology, a [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.38) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible chemical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(acyl-carrier-protein)_S-acetyltransferase

Price AC, Choi KH, Heath RJ, Li Z, White SW, Rock CO (March 2001). "Inhibition of beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthases ... Acetyl-CoA+C-Acetyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Overview of all the ... Mammalian nonspecific lipid-transfer protein (nsL-TP) (also known as sterol carrier protein 2) is a protein which seems to ... or acyl carrier protein (ACP). All thiolases, whether they are biosynthetic or degradative in vivo, preferentially catalyze the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiolase

ACAT1: acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1 (acetoacetyl Coenzyme A thiolase) ACRV1: encoding protein Acrosomal protein SP-10 ... fatty acyl-coA reductase 1 FAT3: fat atypical cadherin 3 FHIP: FTS and Hook-interacting protein FNBP4: Formin-binding protein 4 ... encoding protein Solute carrier family 17 (vesicular glutamate transporter), member 6 SMAP: small acidic protein SMPD1: ... encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C11orf16 C11orf49: encoding protein UPF0705 protein C11orf49 C11orf52 encoding protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_11

Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1) gene. Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1 is an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase enzyme ... "Protein Information: P24752". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from the original on 14 August ... Ge, J; Zhai, W; Cheng, B; He, P; Qi, B; Lu, H; Zeng, Y; Chen, X (September 2013). "Insulin induces human acyl-coenzyme A: ... This disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that carriers of the gene do not show symptoms of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACAT1

... holo-CmaA peptidyl-carrier protein ligase EC 6.2.1.47: Medium-chain-fatty-acid-(acyl-carrier-protein) ligase EC 6.2.1.48: ... EC 2.3.1 Aminolevulinic acid synthase EC 2.3.1.37 Choline acetyltransferase EC 2.3.1.6 Category:EC 2.3.2 Factor XIII EC 2.3. ... L-proline-L-prolyl-carrier protein ligase EC 6.2.1.54: D-alanine-D-alanyl-carrier protein ligase EC 6.2.1.55: E1 SAMP- ... acyl-carrier-protein) ligase EC 6.2.1.21: Transferred entry: 6.2.1.30 EC 6.2.1.22: (citrate (pro-3S)-lyase) ligase EC 6.2.1.23 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_enzymes

"GNPNAT1 - Glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase - Homo sapiens (Human) - GNPNAT1 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. ... This end product acts as a carrier of N-Acetylglucosamine, which is the monomeric unit of chitin, a structural polymer that ... since it involves the transfer of a general acyl group with a methyl as the substituent. The systematic name of this enzyme ... glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase, and glucosamine-6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase. This enzyme is part of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosamine-phosphate_N-acetyltransferase

2003). "Structure of Human Carnitine Acetyltransferase: Molecular Basis For Fatty Acyl Transfer". J Biol Chem. 278 (15): 13159- ... is a peripheral inner mitochondrial membrane protein ubiquitously found as a monomeric protein in all tissues that oxidize ... a significant peak at C16 is indicative of generalized CPT II deficiency Genetic testing and carrier testing to confirm ... This gene is composed of 5 exons that encode a protein 658 amino acids in length. To date, sixty disease-causing mutations ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnitine_palmitoyltransferase_II_deficiency

"Spinach holo-acyl carrier protein: overproduction and phosphopantetheinylation in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), in vitro ... "N-terminal acetyltransferases and sequence requirements for N-terminal acetylation of eukaryotic proteins". J Mol Biol 325 (4 ... "Protein Expression and Purification 15 (3): 314-26. PMID 10092491. doi:10.1006/prep.1998.1016. Cite uses deprecated parameter , ... Glozak MA, Sengupta N, Zhang X, Seto E (2005). "Acetylation and deacetylation of non-histone proteins". Gene 363: 15-23. PMID ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posttranslaciona_modifikacija

An auxiliary protein unique to most eukaryotes is the E3 binding protein (E3BP), which serves to bind the E3 subunit to the PDC ... The E2 subunit, or dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase, for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, is generally composed of three domains ... The resulting hemithioacetal undergoes decarboxylation to produce an acyl anion equivalent (see cyanohydrin or aldehyde- ... and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 (MPC2). Upon entry to the mitochondria, the pyruvate is decarboxylated, producing acetyl- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvate_dehydrogenase_complex

The acyl group at the C2 carbon is an acetate unit (as opposed to a fatty acid) whose short length increases the solubility of ... Using lab rats and mice, he found that ionophore A23187 (a mobile ion carrier that allows the passage of Mn2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ... Marx F, Binder U, Leiter E, Pócsi I (Feb 2008). "The Penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein PAF, a promising tool for the ... An acetyl group is then added by LPC acetyltransferase (LPCAT) to produce PAF. Using the de novo pathway, PAF is produced from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet-activating_factor

2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups. *acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase ... RCSB Protein Data Bank. doi:10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2007_9.. ; PDB: 1CSC, 5CSC, 5CTS ... transferase activity, transferring acyl groups, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer. • citrate (Si)-synthase activity ... This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation.[11] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrate_synthase

EC 6.2.1.19: Long-chain-fatty-acid--protein ligase. *EC 6.2.1.20: [[Long-chain-fatty-acid--[acyl-carrier-protein] ligase]] ... Choline acetyltransferase EC 2.3.1.6. *Category:EC 2.3.2 *Factor XIII EC 2.3.2.13 ... EC 6.2.1.46: [[L-allo-isoleucine--holo-[CmaA peptidyl-carrier protein] ligase]] ... Category:EC 1.7.7 (with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor). *Category:EC 1.7.99 (with other acceptors) *Nitrite reductase EC ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_enzymes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(acyl-carrier-protein)_S-acetyltransferase

Abbreviations of gene symbols: acp, acyl carrier protein; alcA, monooxygenase; alcB, acetyltransferase; alcC, urease homolog; ... acyl carrier protein;. AT,. acyl transferase;. KS,. β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase;. NRPS,. nonribosomal peptide synthetase;. PKS,. ... abc, ABC transporter; acd, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; acp, acyl carrier protein; aro, aromatase; ave, avermectin PKS; clf, chain- ... the modular PKS contains several catalytic domains in which the acyl-chain elongation involves acyl carrier protein (ACP), and ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/98/21/12215

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_synthase

Protein Coding), Fatty Acid Synthase, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards ... acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase activity. IEA. --. GO:0004314. [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase activity. ... This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities as an acyl carrier protein. *FAS_HUMAN,P49327 ... This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities as an acyl carrier protein. *FAS_HUMAN,P49327 ...

https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=FASN

2.3.1.38 [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.39 [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase ... malonyl CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase Rv2243 fabD; malonyl CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase K00645 fabD; [acyl- ... carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.39] K00645 fabD; [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.39] ... 2.3.1.129 acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]---UDP-N-acetylglucosamine O-acyltransferase 2.3.1.130 galactarate O- ...

http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/get_htext?mtu01000+Rv2243

... acyl carrier protein) synthase; 4, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase; 5, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; 6, enoyl-CoA hydratase; 7 ... protein plus protein, 16S plus 16S, metabolomics plus metabolomics, 16S plus protein, protein plus metabolomics, and 16S plus ... enoyl-(acyl carrier protein) reductase (NADH); 8, acetate CoA-transferase; 9, butyrate kinase; 10, citrate synthase; 11, ... of protein were normalized as described below (42): Normalized. SC. i. =. ∑. j. =. 1. M. ∑. k. =. 1. N. SC. k. M. ∑. k. =. 1. N ...

https://mbio.asm.org/content/8/5/e01343-17

These include the acyl carrier protein (ACP), acetyl transferase (AT), ketosynthase (KS), malonyl transferase (MT; which can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annonacin

EC 2.3.1.178 diaminobutyrate acetyltransferase. EC 2.3.1.179 β-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier-protein synthase II. EC 2.3.1.180 β- ... acyl-carrier protein] + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a (Z)-3-oxooctadeca-13-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CO2 + an [acyl ... acyl-carrier protein]. cis-vaccenoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = (Z)-octadeca-13-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]. Systematic name: (Z ... S-acyl carrier protein:malonate acyl carrier protein-SH transferase. Systematic name: acetyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]:malonate S ...

https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbcs/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/0301d.html

Acyl-carrier-protein] S acetyltransferase antibody. *[Acyl-carrier-protein] S malonyltransferase antibody ... This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities and an acyl carrier protein. ... PBS-Tween for 1h to permeabilise the cells and block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The cells were then incubated ... Proteins and Peptides. Proteomics tools. Agonists, activators, antagonists and inhibitors. Lysates. Multiplex miRNA assays. By ...

http://www.abcam.com/fatty-acid-synthase-antibody-ab99359.html

https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASN

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology ... PedD displayed malonyl- but not acetyltransferase activity toward various acyl carrier proteins (ACPs). In contrast, the AT2 ... especially for heterologous protein production. Here, the nature of the foreign protein makes it impossible to predict the, e.g ... As the best SP for a target protein of choice cannot be predicted a priori, screening of homologous SPs has been shown to be a ...

https://www.jove.com/author/Marco_Oldiges

Lowe PN, Rhodes S; Purification and characterization of [acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase from Escherichia coli.; ... Fatty acyl CoA. Malonyl-CoA. less than 6 iterations. Palmitate. Acetyl-ACP. trans-delta2-enoyl-CoA. Acyl-CoA (n+2). ... Fatty acyl CoA. HADHSC. GeneProduct. Long-Chain fatty acid. CHEBI:15904 (ChEBI) Malonyl-ACP. Malonyl-CoA. Oxaloacetate. 2509917 ... Acyl-CoA (n+2). Butyryl-ACP. CG11198. GeneProduct. 35761 (Entrez Gene) CG1516. GeneProduct. 36020 (Entrez Gene) CG16935. ...

https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php?title=Pathway:WP568&oldid=73317

Lowe PN, Rhodes S; Purification and characterization of [acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase from Escherichia coli.; ... Fatty acyl CoA. Acetoacetyl-ACP. See Triacylglyceride Synthesis MAPP. 3-ketoacyl-CoA. Acyl-CoA (n+2). TCA Cycle. Crotonoyl-ACP ... Acyl-CoA (n+2). Butyryl-ACP. CG11198. GeneProduct. 35761 (Entrez Gene) CG1516. GeneProduct. 36020 (Entrez Gene) CG16935. ... Fatty acyl CoA. HADHSC. GeneProduct. Long-Chain fatty acid. CHEBI:15904 (ChEBI) Malonyl-ACP. Metabolite. C01209 (PubChem- ...

https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php?title=Pathway:WP568&oldid=73321

... acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 3. MPGLRVPERRFSRVLGVGSYRPRREVSNKEVCTWIDSTEEWIETRTGIRS.... unknown. Mycothiol acetyltransferase. ... 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 3. MYTKIIGTGSYLPEQVRTNADLEKMVDTSDEWIVTRTGIRERHIAAPNET.... unknown. Formyl-coenzyme A ... Holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase. MIYGIGLDITELKRIASMAGRQKRFAERILTRSELDQYYELSEKRKNEFL.... unknown. Protease synthase and ... Acyl-CoA-binding protein. MSQAEFEKAAEEVRHLKTKPSDEEMLFIYGHYKQATVGDINTERPGMLDF.... unknown. Formyl-coenzyme A transferase. ...

https://www.rcsb.org/ligand/COA

... a gene encoding the type II acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 5. Combined with bio-flocculation, this approach led to ... ACP, acyl carrier protein; AT, acetyltransferase; MPT, malonyl/palmitoyl transferase; ACSL, acyl-CoA synthetase; KS, β-ketoacyl ... The construct generated DGTT5 fused to the cerulean fluorescent protein, and the presence of the cerulean protein in DGTT5ox3 ... 13068_2018_1172_MOESM8_ESM.pdf Additional file 8: Table S2. Predicted genes and proteins involved in fatty acid and ...

https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-018-1172-2

The Structure of the Bifunctional Acetyltransferase/Decarboxylase LnmK from the Leinamycin Biosynthetic Pathway Revealing Novel ... and subsequently transacylation of the methylmalonyl group to the phosphopantetheinyl group of the LnmL acyl carrier protein [ ... Protein Workshop , Ligand Explorer. Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2 (3D View). Global Stoichiometry: Homo 2-mer - A2 Biological ... The β-branched C3 unit in leinamycin biosynthesis is installed by a set of four proteins, LnmFKLM. In vitro biochemical ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4HZO

Protein Coding), Fatty Acid Synthase, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards ... acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase activity. IEA. --. GO:0004314. [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase activity. ... Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + CO(2) + [acyl-carrier-protein ... An acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADP(+) = a trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADPH. *FAS_HUMAN,P49327 ...

http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?id=3594&id_type=hgnc&search=3594

Stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase. SAT2: Strepothricin AcetylTransferase 2. T-DNA: Transfer DNA ... A second pair of primers and a probe are used to detect a 68 bp fragment of stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase (SAD) as a ... stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase (SAD) in the commercial tests). As a result, this assay halves the number of PCR ... The repeated fragment starts at the NOS promoter of the Nos gene and extends to just past the streptothricin acetyltransferase ...

https://springerplus.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40064-015-0923-9

... acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase and malonyltransferase, S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, enoyl-[acyl-carrier- ... protein] reductase, and 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase. ... acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + acetyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].. Malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + a malonyl-[acyl- ... acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase activity Source: UniProtKB-EC. *[acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase activity ...

http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P34731

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine_N-acyltransferase

... acyl-carrier protein] acetyltransferase and malonyltransferase, S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, enoyl-[acyl-carrier- ... protein] reductase, and 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase. ... This protein contains domains similar to those of a fatty acid synthase beta subunit, namely: [ ... acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + acetyl-[acyl-carrier-protein].. Malonyl-CoA + an [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + a malonyl-[acyl- ...

http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q92215

Acyl carrier-protein] acetyltransferase Current Synonym true false 3753781016 Acyl carrier-protein acetyltransferase Current ... Acyl carrier-protein acetyltransferase (substance). Code System Preferred Concept Name. Acyl carrier-protein acetyltransferase ...

https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewCodeSystemConcept.action?oid=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96&code=79242009

Transcription of other putative amino acid biosynthesis-related genes and the acyl carrier protein (ACP; GRMZM2G091715) ... serine acetyltransferase (SAT; GRMZM2G048740), which is involved in cysteine biosynthesis, was upregulated by 3.67-fold; the ... translation-related proteins (eEF1A and some ribosomal proteins) (Hunter et al., 2002), and lysine-rich proteins (sorbitol ... Nineteen genes related to protein folding, most of which encode chaperones such as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70; GRMZM2G001500 ...

http://www.plantcell.org/content/27/3/532.long

Some protein-coding sequences are compound and encode multimodular proteins. The coding sequences (CDSs) are represented by ... The E. coli K-12 chromosome is currently represented by 4,401 genes encoding 116 RNAs and 4,285 proteins. The boundaries of the ... There are 4,616 identified modules in the 4,285 proteins. Of these, 48.9% have been characterized, 29.5% have an imputed ... modules (protein elements of at least 100 amino acids with biological activity and independent evolutionary history). ...

https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gb-2001-2-9-research0035

3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [KO:K00023] [EC:1.1.1.36]. Bpro_2141 ... Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]. Bpro_2572 Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9] ... D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase, NAD-binding protein [KO:K00090] [EC:1.1.1.215 1.1.1.81 1.1.1.79] ... D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase, NAD-binding protein [KO:K00090] [EC:1.1.1.215 1.1.1.81 1.1.1.79] ...

http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?pathway+pol00630

... such as a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase ("CAT") transcription unit, downstream of restriction site or sites for ... Rock et al., "Preparative Enzymatic Synthetic and Hydrophobic Chromatography of Acyl-Acyl Carrier Protein", The Journal of ... Polynucleotide encoding the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase of Staphylococcus aureus, FAB I Download PDF Info. Publication ... Fab I (previously designated EnvM) functions as an enoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase (Bergler, et al, (1994), J. Biol ...

https://patents.google.com/patent/US6995254?oq=U.S.+Patent+No.+4%2C528%2C643

The inactivation of amiR, encoding an acyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase, resulted in the production of plicacetin and ... The inactivation of the benzoate coenzyme A (benzoate-CoA) ligase gene amiL and the N-acetyltransferase gene amiF led to two ...

https://aem.asm.org/content/78/7/2393.abstract

aa, amino acid; KS, ketosynthase; AT, acetyltransferase; ACP, acyl carrier protein; KR, ketoreductase; DH, dehydratase; TD, ... Basic proteins such as myelin basic protein, but not neutral/acidic proteins, are also susceptible to cleavage. [0046]FIG. 31 ... and acyl carrier protein (ACP). It catalyzes the formation of a linear tetraketide from one acetyl-coenzyme A (coA) and 3 ... 30). The chromoprotein also cleaves other basic proteins such as myelin basic protein, but not neutral/acidic proteins such as ...

http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20100028952

Acyl-Carrier Protein S-Acetyltransferase Entry term(s). (Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Acetyltransferase (Acyl-Carrier-Protein) S- ... Acyl-carrier protein S-acetyltransferase Entry term(s):. (Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Acetyltransferase. (Acyl-Carrier-Protein) S- ... Acyl Carrier Protein S Acetyltransferase CoA-ACP Transacylase, Acetyl Protein S-Acetyltransferase, Acyl-Carrier S- ... Acyl Carrier Protein S Acetyltransferase. CoA-ACP Transacylase, Acetyl. Protein S-Acetyltransferase, Acyl-Carrier. S- ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=50667&filter=&q=%E2%8C%A9_another=en

... acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase and malonyltransferase, S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, enoyl-[acyl-carrier- ... Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]. *[Acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase. *[Acyl-carrier-protein] ... Protein Sequence. ,Fatty acid synthase subunit beta MDAYSTRPLTLSHGSLEHVLLVPTASFFIASQLQEQFNKILPEPTEGFAADDEPTTPAEL ... "Global analysis of protein expression in yeast." Nature 425:737-741.14562106 ...

http://www.ymdb.ca/proteins/P07149

Fatty acid synthase is a multi-enzyme protein that catalyzes fatty acid synthesis . (wikipedia.org)
FASN (Fatty Acid Synthase) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
Protein sy'n cael ei godio yn y corff dynol gan y genyn FASN yw FASN a elwir hefyd yn Fatty acid synthase (Saesneg). (wikipedia.org)
The relatively low beta-ketoacyl synthase activity may be attributable to the low 4-phosphopantetheine content of the protein. (genecards.org)
Mammalian FASN consists of 2 identical 270-kD polypeptide chains, each comprising all 7 required domains (i.e., beta-ketoacyl synthase, malonyl/acetyltransferase, dehydrase, enoyl reductase, β-ketoacyl reductase, acyl carrier protein, and thioesterase) that assembles into homodimers for enzymatic activity ( 14 )( 15 )( 16 )( 17 )( 18 )( 19 )( 20 )( 21 ). (aaccjnls.org)
GO:0004315 (F) 3-oxoacyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] synthase a. (pku.edu.cn)
During fatty acid biosynthesis, acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) from type I fungal fatty acid synthase (FAS) shuttle substrates and intermediates within a reaction chamber that hosts multiple spatially-fixed catalytic centers. (bvsalud.org)

GO:0004319 (F) enoyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NAD. (pku.edu.cn)

Among its related pathways are Fatty acid biosynthesis (KEGG) and Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Proteins (SREBP) signalling . (genecards.org)
The β-branched C3 unit in leinamycin biosynthesis is installed by a set of four proteins, LnmFKLM. (rcsb.org)
Similarly, the proteins of the general glycosylation system in C. jejuni ( 15 ) encoded by the pglA-G genes are involved in the modification of a number of proteins, including flagellin, and do not participate in the synthesis of LPS, despite their sequence similarity with the enzymes of LPS and capsule biosynthesis. (pnas.org)
Therefore, glycosylation of bacterial proteins represents a specific modification pathway and is not simply carried out as a secondary activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of polysaccharides or glycolipids. (pnas.org)
In prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes, such as yeast, bacteria, plants, and parasites, FA biosynthesis is accomplished by a series of monofunctional proteins in a dissociated type-II FASN system (FASN II). (aaccjnls.org)
The adenylating enzyme MbtA catalyzes the first step of mycobactin biosynthesis in two half-reactions: activation of the salicylic acid as an acyl-adenylate and ligation onto the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain of MbtB to form covalently salicylated MbtB-ACP. (elsevier.com)
During acetate metabolism proteins involved in the lipid metabolism and hexosamine biosynthesis were over-expressed in the acetate medium, while proteins involved in TCA cycle, pentose phosphate cycle and purine metabolism were down-regulated. (ijbs.com)
Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Biosynthesis: Structure and Mechanism, p 275-289. (asmscience.org)
Recent studies point to a great diversity of non-ribosomal peptide synthesis systems with major roles in amino acid and co-factor biosynthesis, secondary metabolism, and post-translational modifications of proteins by peptide tags. (biomedcentral.com)
Both the conventional AAtRS and their closely related paralogs often provide aminoacylated tRNAs for peptide ligations by MprF/Fem/MurM-type acetyltransferase fold ligases in the synthesis of peptidoglycan, N-end rule modifications of proteins, lipid aminoacylation or biosynthesis of antibiotics, such as valinamycin. (biomedcentral.com)
A number of proteins were found to be induced in R. eutropha by using 1D-PAGE and nano-liquid chromatography tandem MS/MS. With the proteins being up-regulated, a dramatic change occurred in the induction of PHA metabolism, including fatty acid biosynthesis for acetate, β-oxidation for propionate and both for levulinic acid. (ijbs.com)
The organic acids induced several proteins involved in amino acid biosynthesis, purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, and cofactor biosynthesis in R. eutropha , but the regulations had a great variation. (ijbs.com)
The information on proteins involved in different metabolic pathways, particularly the regulation of the enzymes in cells' responses to different organic acids, is invaluable to biosynthesis of PHA biopolymers. (ijbs.com)
In the biosynthesis of fatty acids, the beta-Ketoacyl Acyl Carrier Protein Synthases (Kas) catalyse chain elongation by the addition of two-carbon units derived from malonyl-ACP, to an acyl group bound to CoA or the small protein ACP. (avhandlingar.se)
Compared to other organisms in which the fatty acyl desaturases (FADs) are mostly involved in normal cellular lipid metabolism, moth FADs have evolved extent functions in the biosynthesis of sex pheromones. (avhandlingar.se)
The adjacent Rv1347c gene in the mycobacterial genome is certainly transcribed in the contrary direction and displays homology to aerobactin siderophore biosynthesis proteins IucB (22). (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

Gentaur Molecular :GenWay \ Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase family. (antibody-antibodies.com)
Product Detail : 10-288-21999F Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase family. (antibody-antibodies.com)
We have also other products like : Acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase family. (antibody-antibodies.com)
The unsaturation in the lipidic string is made by an acyl-acyl carrier proteins (ACP) dehydrogenase (FadE14), which, as opposed to the traditional acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, is certainly involved with this biosynthetic pathway. (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

The growing fatty acid chain is carried between these active sites while attached covalently to the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP), and is released by the action of a thioesterase (TE) upon reaching a carbon chain length of 16 (palmitic acid). (wikipedia.org)
Acetyltransferase acts in trans to provide activated substrates to acyl carrier protein (ACP) with extensions and modifications by optional domains, terminating with hydrolysis by thioesterase. (biomedcentral.com)

The enzyme encoded by this gene is a multifunctional protein. (genecards.org)
Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include identical protein binding . (genecards.org)
Genetic engineering of N. oceanica for higher TAG content in nutrient-replete medium was accomplished by overexpressing DGTT5 , a gene encoding the type II acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 5. (biomedcentral.com)
UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.191, UDP-3-O-acyl-glucosamine N-acyltransferase, UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-glucosamine N-acyltransferase, acyltransferase LpxD, acyl-ACP:UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxyacyl)-GlcN N-acyltransferase, firA (gene), lpxD (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-(acyl-carrier protein):UDP-3-O-((3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-alpha-D-glucosamine N-acetyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
The inactivation of the benzoate coenzyme A (benzoate-CoA) ligase gene amiL and the N -acetyltransferase gene amiF led to two mutants that accumulated the same two compounds, cytosamine and 4-acetamido-3-hydroxybenzoic acid. (asm.org)
Based on the limited homologies of these gene products with enzymes involved in glycosylation, we propose that the island encodes similar proteins involved in synthesis, activation, or polymerization of sugars that are necessary for flagellin glycosylation. (pnas.org)
A report that 95% of breast cancer tumors contain viral proteins (RAK) and gene fragments (similar to the proteins and genetic codes associated with another virus, HIV, that causes AIDS) seems to confirm the low incidence of hereditary breast cancer by providing a possible infectious explanation for the disease. (vitaletherapeutics.org)
43. The method of claim 42, wherein said annotation is selected from the group consisting of assignment of a gene, assignment of a protein, assignment of a subsystem, assignment of a confidence rating, reference to genome annotation information and reference to a publication. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
and Janne Lehtio, Proteogenomics produces comprehensive and highly accurate protein-coding gene annotation in a complete genome assembly of Malassezia sympodialis, Nucleic Acids Research 45 , 2629 - 2643 (2017). (jncasr.ac.in)
The acuH gene encodes a protein of 326 amino acids that belongs to the mitochondrial carrier family. (semanticscholar.org)
The Aspergillus nidulans acuL gene encodes a mitochondrial carrier required for the utilization of carbon sources that are metabolized via the TCA cycle. (semanticscholar.org)
The facC gene of Aspergillus nidulans encodes an acetate-inducible carnitine acetyltransferase. (semanticscholar.org)
Cell-free reconstitution research offer molecular mechanistic insights of how acyl stores are directly moved from a carrier proteins to the -amino band of lysine residue by an unidentified Rv1347c gene item. (treeoflife-medicinals.com)
Threading outcomes of Rv1347c gene item using Genthreader recommended that hypothetical proteins provides homology to histone acetyltransferases (HATs) (24), which transfer the acetyl group to the -amino band of lysine residue. (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

Coding sequences (CDSs) encoding proteins whose function previously was imputed or not known were re-evaluated, and putative functions were assigned by manually evaluating the results from BLAST and DARWIN (data analysis and retrieval with indexed nucleotide/peptide sequences) analyses. (biomedcentral.com)

Other names in common use include acetyl coenzyme A-acyl-carrier-protein transacylase, Acetyl CoA:ACP transacylase, [acyl-carrier-protein]acetyltransferase, [ACP]acetyltransferase, and ACAT. (wikipedia.org)
The inactivation of amiR , encoding an acyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase, resulted in the production of plicacetin and norplicacetin, indicating AmiR to be responsible for attachment of the terminal methylserine moiety to form another amide bond. (asm.org)

GO:0004320 (F) oleoyl- [acyl-carrier-protein] hydrolase act. (pku.edu.cn)

A enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from ACETYL CoA to acyl-carrier protein to form COENZYME A and acetyl-acyl-carrier protein. (bvsalud.org)

In vitro biochemical investigation confirmed that LnmK is a bifunctional acyltransferase/decarboxylase (AT/DC) that catalyzes first self-acylation using methylmalonyl-CoA as a substrate and subsequently transacylation of the methylmalonyl group to the phosphopantetheinyl group of the LnmL acyl carrier protein [Liu, T., Huang, Y., and Shen, B. (2009) J. Am. Chem. (rcsb.org)

Firmicutes were characterized by ABC and phosphotransferase system (PTS) transporters, extensive acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) metabolism, and expression of l -fucose isomerase. (asm.org)
The research compared and examined the proteins that might participate in PHA metabolism, primary metabolism, and cell's defense systems. (ijbs.com)
8. The seed of claim 7, wherein the transgene confers a trait selected from the group consisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, disease resistance, waxy starch, modified fatty acid metabolism, modified phytic acid metabolism, modified carbohydrate metabolism and modified protein metabolism. (freepatentsonline.com)
Role of carnitine acetyltransferases in acetyl coenzyme A metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. (semanticscholar.org)

We also identify a paralogous version of the methionyl-tRNA synthetase, which is widespread in bacteria, and present evidence using contextual information that it might function independently of protein synthesis as a peptide ligase in the formation of a peptide- derived secondary metabolite. (biomedcentral.com)

The LuxI-type AHL synthases catalyze the formation of the AHL from the substrates S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and acyl-acyl carrier protein (acyl-ACP). (asmscience.org)
Enzymatic synthesis of AHLs using purified substrates for TraI (from Agrobacterium tumefaciens ) verified that both SAM and acyl-ACP are substrates for AHL synthesis in vitro. (asmscience.org)
Addition of lauroyl sarcosine (10 mM) during cell lysis supplied 20C30% proteins in soluble small percentage (Fig. 2acylations with radiolabeled substrates verified the fact that ACP proteins could possibly be posttranslationally improved by promiscuous surfactin phosphopantetheinyl transferases (sfp) (28). (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

The analysis reveals the structures of subunits ac8c'câ ³de and a protein that we identify and propose to be a new subunit (subunit f). (bvsalud.org)

Based on the intracellular localization of FASN, 2 kinds of FASN proteins are classically recognized: cytosolic (FASN I) and mitochondrial FASN (FASN II). (aaccjnls.org)
Identification by site-directed mutagenesis of a hydrophobic binding site of the mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier involved in the interaction with acyl groups. (semanticscholar.org)
Site-directed mutagenesis of charged amino acids of the human mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: insight into the molecular mechanism of transport. (semanticscholar.org)
Site-directed mutagenesis of the His residues of the rat mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: implications for the role of His-29 in the transport pathway. (semanticscholar.org)

From the molecular-biological point of view, the most appropriate strategy for structure-based drug design (SBDD) is the identification and development of new medicines that target unique proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , which participate in the most fundamental processes within mycobacteria, retaining maximum conservatism while having no direct homologs in humans and animals. (lifechemicals.com)
The analyses of the 309 cell wall proteins provided theoretical molecular mass and p I distributions and determined that 18 proteins are shared with the cell surface-exposed proteome. (biomedcentral.com)
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)

Since the genome of Escherichia coli K-12 was initially annotated in 1997, additional functional information based on biological characterization and functions of sequence-similar proteins has become available. (biomedcentral.com)

Bisubstrate analogue structure-activity relationships for p300 histone acetyltransferase inhibitors. (umassmed.edu)

In aquatic habitats, diatoms are frequently found in association with Proteobacteria, many members of which employ cell-to-cell communication via N -acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). (frontiersin.org)
The most extensively studied class of bacterial QS molecules are N -acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). (frontiersin.org)
The first quorum-sensing system to be discovered was the Lux system of Vibrio fischeri , which regulates light production in the light organ of deep sea fish and squid via an acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecule. (asmscience.org)

Most Streptomyces chromosomal DNA molecules are about 8-Mb-long, with terminal-inverted repeats and covalently bound terminal proteins supposedly at the 5′ end. (pnas.org)
Protein glycosylation in prokaryotic organisms is a relatively uncommon posttranslation modification process, first described in Archea, where the S layer proteins were shown to contain covalently attached sugars ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
Abstract] Nedd8 is a small ubiquitin-like protein (9 kDa) covalently attached to a conserved lysine residue of a cullin protein which is part of cullin-RING ligases (CRLs). (bio-protocol.org)

Several bacterial proteins are now known to undergo glycosylation, including potential virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria, such as the pilins of Neisseria gonorrhoeae ( 2 ), Neisseria meningitidis ( 3 ), and one strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 4 ), an adhesin of Chlamydia ( 5 ), a surface-exposed immunodominant protein of two Ehrlichia species ( 6 ), and the TiBA adhesin of ETEC ( 7 ). (pnas.org)
The genetic basis of glycosylation of selected bacterial proteins has been only recently approached. (pnas.org)
Bacterial cells were disrupted in a lysis buffer containing 30 mM Tris, 2 M thiourea, 7 M urea, 4% CHAPS, 2% IPG buffer pH 3-10 and protease inhibitors and then subjected to sonication in order to solubilize as much as possible the bacterial proteins. (bvsalud.org)

The LasI structure provided a less clear explanation for the selectivity of AHL synthases for acyl-ACPs with long acyl chains. (asmscience.org)

Our latest biochemical studies demonstrated that these carefully related FadD protein convert essential fatty acids into their matching acyl adenylates, that are transferred to the phosphopantetheine arm of carrier protein. (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

One particular interesting cluster includes protein (FadD33 and FadE14) that demonstrated distinctive homology to protein involved with lipid fat burning capacity. (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

The structural basis of protein acetylation by the p300/CBP transcriptional coactivator. (umassmed.edu)
Abstract] Protein acetylation is one of the standard post-translational modifications found in proteins across all organisms, along with phosphorylation which regulates diverse cellular processes. (bio-protocol.org)
They are pentameric lipochito-oligosaccharides 6-O sulfated at the reducing end and exhibit other original substitutions: 6-O acetylation of the glucosamine residue next to the nonreducing terminal glucosamine and N acylation of the nonreducing terminal glucosamine by methyl-branched acyl chains of the iso series, some of which are α,β unsaturated. (asm.org)

Computational evaluation of FadD33 proteins indicated that proteins was homologous towards the recently uncovered fatty acyl-AMP ligase (FAAL) protein from mycobacteria (19). (treeoflife-medicinals.com)

LnmK shows no sequence homology to proteins of known function, representing a new family of AT/DC enzymes. (rcsb.org)
Assignment of Homology to Genome Sequences using a Library of Hidden Markov Models that Represent all Proteins of Known Structure. (supfam.org)

P. aeruginosa can be classified into two groups (a- and b-types) ( 19 ) on the basis of the expression of the flagellin protein of a specific primary amino acid sequence ( 20 ). (pnas.org)
Glutamylation is a posttranslational modification where the amino group of a free glutamate amino acid is conjugated to the carboxyl group of a glutamate side chain within a target protein. (bio-protocol.org)
In contrast, glycine- and L-amino acid-containing cross-links are synthesized by the Fem ligases of the GCN5-like acetyltransferase (GNAT) fold. (biomedcentral.com)
The encoded protein shows amino acid sequence similarity to N-acetyltransferases. (thermofisher.com)

HubP, a Polar Landmark Protein, Regulates Flagellar Number by Assisting in the Proper Polar Localization of FlhG in Vibrio alginolyticus. (naver.com)
Localization of proteins in the cell wall of Mycobacterium avium subsp. (biomedcentral.com)

The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:[acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
Designed with a receptor-based approach, this Library comprises potential inhibitors of InhA enzyme, M. tuberculosis -specific protein responsible for bacteria cell wall synthesis that is not present in mammals. (lifechemicals.com)
Indeed the mycobacterial Pat (protein lysine acetyltransferase), Rv0998, specifically acetylates MbtA on lysine 546, in a cAMP-dependent manner, leading to enzyme inhibition. (elsevier.com)
The LasI acyl-chain binding pocket is actually an elongated tunnel through the enzyme that is formed by hydrophobic residues at similar positions in the enzyme as those in the EsaI pocket. (asmscience.org)

The structure of InhA protein and the binding mode of its known inhibitors were studied based on the analysis of crystal structure records in PDB. (lifechemicals.com)

This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities as an acyl carrier protein. (genecards.org)
This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities and an acyl carrier protein. (abcam.com)

and 10) various hypothetical proteins. (bvsalud.org)

The enrichments of spliceosome and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum imply the enhancement of regulations at post-transcriptional and post-translational level. (biomedcentral.com)

Co-enrichments of protein synthesis and degradation imply a higher protein turnover rate. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we describe novel examples of AAtRS related proteins that are likely to be involved in the synthesis of widely distributed peptide-derived metabolites. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms8

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs66

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes26

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Identification of a starter unit acyl-carrier protein transacylase domain in an iterative type I polyketide synthase. (1/8)

De novo fatty acid synthesis mediated by acyl-carrier protein in Neurospora crassa mitochondria. (2/8)

Purification and characterization of [acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase from Escherichia coli. (3/8)

Effect of thiolactomycin on the individual enzymes of the fatty acid synthase system in Escherichia coli. (4/8)

Characterization of the fatty acid synthetase system of Curtobacterium pusillum. (5/8)

Biochemical and genetic characterization of an auxotroph of Bacillus subtilis altered in the Acyl-CoA:acyl-carrier-protein transacylase. (6/8)

The purification and function of acetyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase. (7/8)

Beta-lactams SB 212047 and SB 216754 are irreversible, time-dependent inhibitors of coenzyme A-independent transacylase. (8/8)

Acyl Carrier Protein

Protein S

Pantetheine

Fatty Acid Synthase, Type II

3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase

Polyketide Synthases

Acyl-Carrier Protein S-Malonyltransferase

Acyltransferases

Acetyltransferases

Fatty Acid Synthases

Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)

3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase

Coenzyme A

Escherichia coli

Molecular Sequence Data

Pantothenic Acid

Carrier Proteins

Protein S Deficiency

Amino Acid Sequence

Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH)

Carbon-Sulfur Ligases

Ribosomal Protein S6

Fatty Acids

Acylation

Thiolester Hydrolases

Malonyl Coenzyme A

Bacterial Proteins

Triclosan

Base Sequence

Histone Acetyltransferases

Choline O-Acetyltransferase

Cloning, Molecular

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Substrate Specificity

Streptomyces

Acetyl Coenzyme A

Ribosomal Proteins

Cerulenin

Saccharopolyspora

Models, Molecular

Acyl Coenzyme A

Apoproteins

Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase

Kinetics

Multienzyme Complexes

Anthraquinones

Acyl-Carrier Protein S-Acetyltransferase

Coriandrum

Protein Conformation

Thioctic Acid

Recombinant Proteins

Binding Sites

Protein Structure, Tertiary

Malonates

Mutation

Crystallography, X-Ray

Protein Binding

Lipid A

Acetylation

Naphthacenes

p300-CBP Transcription Factors

Peptide Synthases

Plants

Escherichia coli Proteins

Carnitine O-Acetyltransferase

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Genes, Bacterial

Sequence Alignment

Genetic Complementation Test

Ligases

Plasmids

Multigene Family

Protein C

Vibrio

Carrier State

Serine O-Acetyltransferase

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular

Biocatalysis

Protein Structure, Secondary

Sulfhydryl Compounds

$Products of fatty acid synthesis by a particulate fraction from germinating pea (Pisum sativum L.) | Biochemical Journal$ Products of fatty acid synthesis by a particulate fraction from germinating pea (Pisum sativum L.) | Biochemical Journal