Acute phase proteins. Medical search

Proteins that are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. These proteins can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumor markers.

Plasma glycoproteins that form a stable complex with hemoglobin to aid the recycling of heme iron. They are encoded in man by a gene on the short arm of chromosome 16.

An early local inflammatory reaction to insult or injury that consists of fever, an increase in inflammatory humoral factors, and an increased synthesis by hepatocytes of a number of proteins or glycoproteins usually found in the plasma.

An ACUTE PHASE REACTION protein present in low concentrations in normal sera, but found at higher concentrations in sera of older persons and in patients with AMYLOIDOSIS. It is the circulating precusor of amyloid A protein, which is found deposited in AA type AMYLOID FIBRILS.

Glycoprotein found in alpha(1)-globulin region in human serum. It inhibits chymotrypsin-like proteinases in vivo and has cytotoxic killer-cell activity in vitro. The protein also has a role as an acute-phase protein and is active in the control of immunologic and inflammatory processes, and as a tumor marker. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

The concrete oleoresin obtained from Pinus palustris Mill. (Pinaceae) and other species of Pinus. It contains a volatile oil, to which its properties are due, and to which form it is generally used. (Dorland, 28th ed) Turpentine is used as a solvent and an experimental irritant in biomedical research. Turpentine toxicity is of medical interest.

Plasma glycoprotein member of the serpin superfamily which inhibits TRYPSIN; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; and other PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES.

A plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation and after tissue damage.

Amyloid P component is a small, non-fibrillar glycoprotein found in normal serum and in all amyloid deposits. It has a pentagonal (pentaxin) structure. It is an acute phase protein, modulates immunologic responses, inhibits ELASTASE, and has been suggested as an indicator of LIVER DISEASE.

A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.

A species of gram-negative bacteria isolated from the SYNOVIAL FLUID; LYMPH NODES; and MUCOUS MEMBRANE secretions in diseased SWINE. It causes nonsuppurative ARTHRITIS.

Glycoproteins with a molecular weight of approximately 620,000 to 680,000. Precipitation by electrophoresis is in the alpha region. They include alpha 1-macroglobulins and alpha 2-macroglobulins. These proteins exhibit trypsin-, chymotrypsin-, thrombin-, and plasmin-binding activity and function as hormonal transporters.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

Nematodes parasitic in the bronchi of herbivorous animals.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.

Serum proteins that have the most rapid migration during ELECTROPHORESIS. This subgroup of globulins is divided into faster and slower alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-globulins.

Dryness of the eye surfaces caused by deficiency of tears or conjunctival secretions. It may be associated with vitamin A deficiency, trauma, or any condition in which the eyelids do not close completely.

Ligand-binding assays that measure protein-protein, protein-small molecule, or protein-nucleic acid interactions using a very large set of capturing molecules, i.e., those attached separately on a solid support, to measure the presence or interaction of target molecules in the sample.

A tetrameric protein, molecular weight between 50,000 and 70,000, consisting of 4 equal chains, and migrating on electrophoresis in 3 fractions more mobile than serum albumin. Its concentration ranges from 7 to 33 per cent in the serum, but levels decrease in liver disease.

Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.

Water-soluble proteins found in egg whites, blood, lymph, and other tissues and fluids. They coagulate upon heating.

A diverse family of extracellular proteins that bind to small hydrophobic molecules. They were originally characterized as transport proteins, however they may have additional roles such as taking part in the formation of macromolecular complexes with other proteins and binding to CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS.

A glycoprotein that is central in both the classical and the alternative pathway of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION. C3 can be cleaved into COMPLEMENT C3A and COMPLEMENT C3B, spontaneously at low level or by C3 CONVERTASE at high level. The smaller fragment C3a is an ANAPHYLATOXIN and mediator of local inflammatory process. The larger fragment C3b binds with C3 convertase to form C5 convertase.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.

A glycoprotein that is important in the activation of CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY. C4 is cleaved by the activated COMPLEMENT C1S into COMPLEMENT C4A and COMPLEMENT C4B.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccobacillus-shaped bacteria that has been isolated from pneumonic lesions and blood. It produces pneumonia with accompanying fibrinous pleuritis in swine.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.

Failure or imperfection of vision at night or in dim light, with good vision only on bright days. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179)

Measurement of rate of settling of erythrocytes in anticoagulated blood.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

A signal transducer and activator of transcription that mediates cellular responses to INTERLEUKIN-6 family members. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of TUMORS and is a major downstream transducer for the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

A cytokine receptor that acts through the formation of oligomeric complexes of itself with a variety of CYTOKINE RECEPTORS.

Cell surface receptors that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-6. They are present on T-LYMPHOCYTES, mitogen-activated B-LYMPHOCYTES, and peripheral MONOCYTES. The receptors are heterodimers of the INTERLEUKIN-6 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT and the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR GP130.

An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Soluble factors which stimulate growth-related activities of leukocytes as well as other cell types. They enhance cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis, secretion of other biologically active molecules and responses to immune and inflammatory stimuli.

Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.

The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The main structural component of the LIVER. They are specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules.

A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.

An acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes in infants and young children. The principal symptoms are fever, congestion of the ocular conjunctivae, reddening of the lips and oral cavity, protuberance of tongue papillae, and edema or erythema of the extremities.

The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The agent of South American trypanosomiasis or CHAGAS DISEASE. Its vertebrate hosts are man and various domestic and wild animals. Insects of several species are vectors.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

Predominant immunoglobulin A response to phase II antigen of Coxiella burnetii in acute Q fever. (1/1561)

Diagnosis of acute Q fever is usually confirmed by serology, on the basis of anti-phase II antigen immunoglobulin M (IgM) titers of >/=1:50 and IgG titers of >/=1:200. Phase I antibodies, especially IgG and IgA, are predominant in chronic forms of the disease. However, between January 1982 and June 1998, we observed anti-phase II antigen IgA titers of >/=1:200 as the sole or main antibody response in 10 of 1,034 (0.96%) patients with acute Q fever for whom information was available. In order to determine whether specific epidemiological or clinical factors were associated with these serological profiles, we conducted a retrospective case-control study that included completion of a standardized questionnaire, which was given to 40 matched controls who also suffered from acute Q fever. The mean age of patients with elevated phase II IgA titers was significantly higher than that usually observed for patients with acute Q fever (P = 0.026); the patients were also more likely than controls to live in rural areas (P = 0.026) and to have increased levels of transaminase in blood (P = 0.03). Elevated IgA titers are usually associated with chronic Q fever and are directed mainly at phase I antigens. Although the significance of our findings is unexplained, we herein emphasize the fact that IgA antibodies are not specific for chronic forms of Q fever and that they may occasionally be observed in patients with acute disease. Moreover, as such antibody profiles may not be determined by most laboratories, which test only for total antibody titers to phase I and II antigens, the three isotype-specific Ig titers should be determined as the first step in diagnosing Q fever. (+info)

The STAT3-independent signaling pathway by glycoprotein 130 in hepatic cells. (2/1561)

Interleukin (IL)-6 is a major regulator of hepatic acute-phase plasma protein (APP) genes. The membrane-proximal 133-amino acid cytoplasmic domain of glycoprotein (gp) 130, containing one copy of the Box3 motif, is sufficient to transmit a productive signal to endogenous APP genes in rat hepatoma H-35 cells. In contrast, a mutant gp130 domain lacking the Box3 motif activates Janus kinases to a normal level but fails to activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and to up-regulate a number of APP genes, including thiostatin, fibrinogen, hemopexin, and haptoglobin. However, in the absence of Box3, gp130 still stimulates the expression of alpha2-macroglobulin and synergizes with IL-1 to up-regulate alpha1-acid glycoprotein. The Box3 motif is not required for activation of the SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 or the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nor is the immediate induction of egr-1 and junB significantly altered. Surprisingly, gp130 without any functional Box3 stimulates prolonged activation of MAPK, leading to an extended period of up-regulation of egr-1 and to an extracellularly regulated kinase-mediated reduction in the IL-6-stimulated production of thiostatin. IL-6 reduces proliferation of H-35 cells through signaling by the Box3. In addition, cells expressing Box3-deficient gp130 showed distinct morphologic changes upon receptor activation. Taken together, these results indicate that Box3-derived and Box3-independent signals cooperate in the control of hepatic APP genes and that Box3 may be involved in the modulation of MAPK activity in gp130 signaling. (+info)

Lipopolysaccharide stimulates HepG2 human hepatoma cells in the presence of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein via CD14. (3/1561)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP), an opsonin for activation of macrophages by bacterial LPS, is synthesized in hepatocytes and is known to be an acute phase protein. Recently, cytokine-induced production of LBP was reported to increase 10-fold in hepatocytes isolated from LPS-treated rats, compared with those from normal rats. However, the mechanism by which the LPS treatment enhances the effect of cytokines remains to be clarified. In the present study, we examined whether LPS alone or an LPS/LBP complex directly stimulates the hepatocytes, leading to acceleration of the cytokine-induced LBP production. HepG2 cells (a human hepatoma cell line) were shown to express CD14, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored LPS receptor, by both RT/PCR and flow cytometric analyses. An LPS/LBP complex was an effective stimulator for LBP and CD14 production in HepG2 cells, but stimulation of the cells with either LPS or LBP alone did not significantly accelerate the production of these proteins. The findings were confirmed by semiquantitative RT/PCR analysis of mRNA levels of LBP and CD14 in HepG2 cells after stimulation with LPS alone and an LPS/LBP complex. In addition, two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to CD14 (3C10 and MEM-18) inhibited LPS/LBP-induced cellular responses of HepG2 cells. Furthermore, prestimulation of HepG2 cells with LPS/LBP augmented cytokine-induced production and gene expression of LBP and CD14. All these findings suggest that an LPS/LBP complex, but not free LPS, stimulates HepG2 cells via CD14 leading to increased basal and cytokine-induced LBP and CD14 production. (+info)

Heme and acute inflammation role in vivo of heme in the hepatic expression of positive acute-phase reactants in rats. (4/1561)

Acute-phase protein synthesis in the liver during inflammation is regulated via cytokines and glucocorticoids. Using quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis and immunoassay, we explored, in the rat, the response of the acute-phase protein, alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M), after systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or localized inflammation induced by turpentine oil (TO). The results indicate that synthesis of A2M is higher following TO-induced inflammation than LPS-induced inflammation and is not correlated with interleukin (IL)-6 or glucocorticoid levels. We studied the putative role of heme in this differential A2M expression following localized vs. systemic inflammation; addition of heme during LPS-induced inflammation can boost the expression of A2M, whereas blocking heme synthesis (by succinyl acetone) or enhancing its consumption in parallel biosynthetic pathways (cytochrome P450 induction by phenobarbital) decreases A2M expression. This decrease was abolished by exogenous heme supplementation. Finally, we demonstrate that heme supplementation is also able to increase the A2M response in female rats to a level similar to that in male rats providing a new insight into the puzzling sexual dimorphism observed previously during localized inflammation. We propose that heme should be considered a new regulatory element in controlling liver A2M expression during inflammation. (+info)

Endotoxin interactions with lipopolysaccharide-responsive cells. (5/1561)

Recent work has identified two proteins that work together to enable many cell types to respond to endotoxin. These two proteins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein (LBP) and CD14, also participate in cellular internalization of endotoxin, which may occur independently of cellular activation. Current work with antibodies to LBP and CD14 as well as "knockout" mice in the context of LPS-initiated endotoxic shock suggests that inhibition of this pathway could be therapeutically useful. These observations point to the need to identify new molecules that mediate LPS-initiated transmembrane signaling and internalization of LPS-protein complexes. (+info)

Lipopolysaccharide-coated erythrocytes activate human neutrophils via CD14 while subsequent binding is through CD11b/CD18. (6/1561)

Interaction of LPS with monocytes and neutrophils is known to occur via CD14 and is strongly enhanced by LPS-binding protein (LBP). Integrins as well as CD14 play a role in the interaction of erythrocytes (E) coated with LPS or whole Gram-negative bacteria with phagocytes. We reasoned that the density of LPS on a particle is an important determinant in these interactions. Therefore, E were coated with different concentrations of LPS (ELPS). The binding of these ELPS to neutrophils was evaluated by flow cytometry. Simultaneously, we measured fMLP receptor expression to evaluate neutrophil activation. ELPS only bound to neutrophils in the presence of LBP. Blocking CD14 inhibited both activation and binding, whereas blocking complement (C) receptor 3 (CR3) inhibited binding but not activation. TNF activation restored ELPS binding in CD14-blocked cells but not in cells in which CR3 was blocked. Salmonella minnesota did bind to neutrophils independent of CR3 or CD14. The addition of LBP enhanced binding twofold, and this surplus was dependent upon CD14 but not on CR3. We conclude that ELPS interact with neutrophils via CD14, initially giving rise to cell activation; subsequently, binding is solely mediated by activated CR3. (+info)

Membrane-anchored forms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein do not mediate cellular responses to LPS independently of CD14. (7/1561)

Inflammatory responses of myeloid cells to LPS are mediated through CD14, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored receptor that binds LPS. Since CD14 does not traverse the plasma membrane and alternatively anchored forms of CD14 still enable LPS-induced cellular activation, the precise role of CD14 in mediating these responses remains unknown. To address this, we created a transmembrane and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored form of LPS-binding protein (LBP), a component of serum that binds and transfers LPS to other molecules. Stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblast and U373 astrocytoma cell lines expressing membrane-anchored LBP (mLBP), as well as separate CHO and U373 cell lines expressing membrane CD14 (mCD14), were subsequently generated. Under serum-free conditions, CHO and U373 cells expressing mCD14 responded to as little as 0.1 ng/ml of LPS, as measured by NF-kappaB activation as well as ICAM and IL-6 production. Conversely, the vector control and mLBP-expressing cell lines did not respond under serum-free conditions even in the presence of more than 100 ng/ml of LPS. All the cell lines exhibited responses to less than 1 ng/ml of LPS in the presence of the soluble form of CD14, demonstrating that they are still capable of LPS-induced activation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that mLBP, a protein that brings LPS to the cell surface, does not mediate cellular responses to LPS independently of CD14. These findings suggest that CD14 performs a more specific role in mediating responses to LPS than that of simply bringing LPS to the cell surface. (+info)

Blood concentrations of pancreatitis associated protein in neonates: relevance to neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis. (8/1561)

AIM: To determine whether pancreatitis associated protein (PAP) is a marker for cystic fibrosis which could be used in neonatal screening for the disease. METHODS: PAP was assayed on screening cards from 202,807 neonates. Babies with PAP > or = 15 ng/ml, or > or = 11.5 ng/ml and immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) > or = 700 ng/ml were recalled for clinical examination, sweat testing, and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene analysis. RESULTS: Median PAP value was 2.8 ng/ml. Forty four cases of cystic fibrosis were recorded. Recalled neonates (n = 398) included only 11 carriers. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that PAP above 8.0 ng/ml would select 0.76% of babies, including all those with cystic fibrosis, except for one with meconium ileus and two with mild CFTR mutations. Screening 27,146 babies with both PAP and IRT showed that only 0.12% had PAP > 8.0 ng/ml and IRT > 700 ng/ml, including all cases of cystic fibrosis. CONCLUSION: PAP is increased in most neonates with cystic fibrosis and could be used for CF screening. Its combination with IRT looks promising. (+info)

... is an acute phase protein and is therefore seen to decrease in inflammation, cancers, and certain diseases.[16] ... "Acute-phase proteins: As diagnostic tool". Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences. 3 (1): 118-27. doi:10.4103/0975-7406.76489 ... "Reference distributions for the negative acute-phase serum proteins, albumin, transferrin and transthyretin: a practical, ... "Transferrin is an insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 binding protein". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transferrin

... (ORM) or alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (α1AGp,[1] AGP or AAG) is an acute phase (acute phase protein) plasma alpha- ... The effect of these changes on drug protein binding and drug delivery, however, appear to be minimal.[4] AGP shows a complex ... It is synthesized primarily in hepatocytes and has a normal plasma concentration between 0.6-1.2 mg/mL (1-3% plasma protein).[2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orosomucoid

Blood proteins. *Acute phase proteins. Hidden categories: *CS1 German-language sources (de) ... Fibrin (also called Factor Ia) is a fibrous, non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood. It is formed by the action ... Fibrin forms long strands of tough insoluble protein that are bound to the platelets. Factor XIII completes the cross-linking ... Fibrin: Molecule of the Month, by David Goodsell, RCSB Protein Data Bank ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrin

This test utilises the acute phase proteins (C-Reactive Protein and Haptoglobin). In combination with basic clinical symptoms, ... Serum thymadine kinase 1 and C-reactive protein as biomarkers for screening clinically healthy dogs for occult disease. K A ... Hypercalcemia in these cases is caused by secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein. Multicentric lymphoma presents as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphoma_in_animals

Mary R, Veinberg F, Couderc R (2003). "[Acute meningitidis, acute phase proteins and procalcitonin]". Annales de Biologie ... "Assessment of the prognostic value of certain acute-phase proteins and procalcitonin in the prognosis of acute pancreatitis". ... It is therefore often classed as an acute phase reactant. The induction period for procalcitonin ranges from 4-12 hours with a ... PCT serves a marker to help differentiate acute respiratory illness such as infection from an acute cardiovascular concern. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procalcitonin

Acute phase proteins are markers of inflammation. Autoantibodies are usually absent or very low, so instead of being given in ... "C-reactive protein". GPnotebook. 2730 Serum C-Reactive Protein values in Diabetics with Periodontal Disease Archived 2008-12-20 ... Derived from mass values using molar mass of 314.46 g/mol Bhattacharya Sudhindra Mohan (July/August 2005) Mid-luteal phase ... Included here are also related binding proteins, like ferritin and transferrin for iron, and ceruloplasmin for copper. Note: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests

"Amyloidosis Overview". Centre for Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins. University College London. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 27 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DPD_scan

1990). "Serum amyloid A, an acute phase protein, inhibits platelet activation". J. Lab. Clin. Med. 116 (2): 180-6. PMID 1697614 ... Ancsin JB, Kisilevsky R (1997). "Characterization of high affinity binding between laminin and the acute-phase protein, serum ... an acute-phase serum amyloid A protein gene (SAA2)". Genomics. 16 (2): 447-54. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1209. PMID 7686132. " ... "Entrez Gene: SAA2 Serum amyloid A2". Betts JC, Edbrooke MR, Thakker RV, Woo P (1991). "The human acute-phase serum amyloid A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAA2

... (SAA1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SAA1 gene. SAA1 is a major acute-phase protein mainly ... Zimlichman S, Danon A, Nathan I, Mozes G, Shainkin-Kestenbaum R (Aug 1990). "Serum amyloid A, an acute phase protein, inhibits ... "Entrez Gene: SAA1 serum amyloid A1". Gabay C, Kushner I (Feb 1999). "Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to ... Malle E, Sodin-Semrl S, Kovacevic A (Jan 2009). "Serum amyloid A: an acute-phase protein involved in tumour pathogenesis". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_amyloid_A1

OSM can regulate the expression of acute phase proteins. OSM regulates the expression of various protease and protease ... Of the proteins recruited to type I cytokine receptors STAT proteins remain the best studied. Homodimerisation of gp130 has ... "Differential activation of acute phase response factor/STAT3 and STAT1 via the cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin 6 signal ... effect on the acute phase reaction". Z Ernahrungswiss. 37 Suppl 1: 43-9. PMID 9558728. Schieven GL, Kallestad JC, Brown TJ, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncostatin_M

... acute phase proteins / reactants such as C-reactive protein; (3) adipokines of the alternative complement system; (4) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiposopathy

Jain S, Gautam V, Naseem S «Acute-phase proteins: As diagnostic tool» (en anglès). J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2011 Gen; 3 (1), pp: ... Otsuka Y, Yumoto T, Ihoriya H, Matsumoto N, et al «Acute Agitation as an Initial Manifestation of Neuro-Behçet's Disease» (en ... Patel P, Steinschneider M, Boneparth A, Lantos G «Neuro-Behçet disease presenting with acute psychosis in an adolescent» (en ...

https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaltia_de_Behçet

Many acute-phase proteins of inflammation are involved in the coagulation system. In addition, pathogenic bacteria may secrete ... Thrombomodulin binds these proteins in such a way that it activates Protein C. The activated form, along with protein S and a ... as well as Protein S, Protein C and Protein Z. In adding the gamma-carboxyl group to glutamate residues on the immature ... Protein C is activated in a sequence that starts with Protein C and thrombin binding to a cell surface protein thrombomodulin. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation

Disulfide groups stabilize the tertiary structures of proteins. Transferrins are iron binding proteins and acute phase ... Consequently, structurally this protein differs from its serum counterpart because of its glycosylation pattern. These proteins ... ovotransferrin has been found to produce heat shock proteins. When these heat shock proteins are induced in the skin, they ... Egg white albumen is composed of multiple proteins, of which ovotransferrin is the most heat reliable. It has a molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conalbumin

Heavy infections with Eimeria zuernii in calves can produce more of the acute phase proteins haptoglobin and Serum amyloid A ... Lassen, B.; Bangoura, B.; Lepik, T.; Orro, T. (2015). "Systemic acute phase proteins response in calves experimentally infected ... diarrhoea and acute phase proteins in naturally infected dairy calves". Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 41: 10-6. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eimeria_zuernii

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein. Therefore, it is a better marker for acute phase reaction than ESR. While ... Arik N, Bedir A, Günaydin M, Adam B, Halefi I (October 2000). "Do erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels ... ESR begins to rise at 24 to 48 hours after the onset of acute self-limited inflammation, decreases slowly as inflammation ... Falk, G.; Fahey, T. (2008). "C-reactive protein and community-acquired pneumonia in ambulatory care: systematic review of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate

This gene encodes a key acute phase plasma protein. Because of its increase due to acute inflammation, this protein is ... "Acute phase protein alpha 1-acid glycoprotein interacts with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and stabilizes its ... sequence homology with other human acute phase protein genes". Nucleic Acids Res. 13 (11): 3941-52. doi:10.1093/nar/13.11.3941 ... classified as an acute-phase reactant. The specific function of this protein has not yet been determined; however, it may be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORM1

As ferritin is also an acute-phase reactant, it is often elevated in the course of disease. A normal C-reactive protein can be ... Ferritin is a globular protein complex consisting of 24 protein subunits forming a nanocage with multiple metal-protein ... this implies that it is an acute phase protein. Mitochondrial ferritin has many roles pertaining to molecular function. It ... Ong DS, Wang L, Zhu Y, Ho B, Ding JL (2005). "The response of ferritin to LPS and acute phase of Pseudomonas infection". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferritin

"Acute phase proteins in the diagnosis and prediction of cirrhosis associated bacterial infections". Liver International. 32 (4 ... Protein uptake is encouraged to at least match general recommendations for cirrhosis. A low protein diet may be recommended for ... Acute kidney injury (particularly hepatorenal syndrome). Cachexia associated with muscle wasting and weakness. Cirrhosis has ... Alcohol seems to injure the liver by blocking the normal metabolism of protein, fats, and carbohydrates. This injury happens ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis

1993). "Ciliary neurotrophic factor induces acute-phase protein expression in hepatocytes". FEBS Lett. 314 (3): 280-4. doi: ... "Ciliary neurotrophic factor induces acute-phase protein expression in hepatocytes". FEBS Lett. 314 (3): 280-4. doi:10.1016/0014 ... Ciliary neurotrophic factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTF gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a ... Phase III clinical trials for the drug against obesity were conducted in 2003 by Axokine's maker, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_neurotrophic_factor

Schooltink H, Stoyan T, Roeb E, Heinrich PC, Rose-John S (Dec 1992). "Ciliary neurotrophic factor induces acute-phase protein ... Schooltink H, Stoyan T, Roeb E, Heinrich PC, Rose-John S (1992). "Ciliary neurotrophic factor induces acute-phase protein ... PTH-related protein receptor gene". Endocrinology. 140 (2): 925-32. doi:10.1210/en.140.2.925. PMID 9927325. IL6R+protein,+human ... The IL6 receptor is a protein complex consisting of an IL-6 receptor subunit (IL6R) and interleukin 6 signal transducer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin-6_receptor

Ceruloplasmin is an acute phase protein synthesized in the liver. It is the carrier of the copper ion. Its levels is increased ... In acute viral hepatitis, the GGT levels can peak at 2nd and 3rd week of illness, and remained elevated at 6 weeks of illness. ... Albumin is a protein made specifically by the liver, and can be measured cheaply and easily. It is the main constituent of ... In acute appendicitis, total bilirubin can rise from 20.52 μmol/l to 143 μmol/l. In pregnant women, the total bilirubin level ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_function_tests

"Relationship of TSG-14 protein to the pentraxin family of major acute phase proteins". Journal of Immunology. 153 (8): 3700-7. ... PTX3 behaves as an acute phase response protein, as the blood levels of PTX3, low in normal conditions (about 25 ng/mL in the ... Pentraxin-related protein PTX3 also known as TNF-inducible gene 14 protein (TSG-14) is a protein that in humans is encoded by ... is a novel member of the pentaxin family of acute phase proteins". Journal of Immunology. 150 (5): 1804-12. PMID 7679696. Alles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTX3

Since those are Acute-phase proteins, a positive Rivalta's test may be suggestive of inflammation. To perform this test, a ... An estimate of the concentration of protein in such fluids can narrow the differential diagnosis and assist the clinician in ... Using a pH 4.0 acetic acid solution, 8 types of proteins were identified in Rivalta reaction-positive turbid precipitates: C- ... Not only the high protein content, but high concentrations of fibrinogen and inflammatory mediators lead to a positive reaction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivalta_test

Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAAs) are secreted during the acute phase of inflammation. These proteins have several ... Serum amyloid A (SAA) is also an acute phase marker that responds rapidly. Similar to CRP, levels of acute-phase SAA increase ... an acute-phase serum amyloid A protein gene (SAA2)". Genomics. 16 (2): 447-54. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1209. PMID 7686132. de ... acute phase SAAs). These proteins are produced predominantly by the liver. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_amyloid_A

The presence or increased concentrations of acute phase proteins, particularly fibrinogen, results in enhanced erythrocyte ... Rouleaux formation takes place only in suspensions of RBC containing high-molecular, fibrilar proteins or polymers in the ... Erythrocyte aggregation is determined by both suspending phase (blood plasma) and cellular properties. Surface properties of ... suspending medium (often Dextran-2000 in-vitro). The most important protein causing rouleaux formation in plasma is fibrinogen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrocyte_aggregation

... of circulating primaquine is protein-bound, with preferential binding to the acute phase protein orosomucoid. With a half-life ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primaquine

In 1999, he became director of the University College London Centre for Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins. Mark Pepys has ... He has pioneered work on the structure, function and clinical applications of the pentraxins, C-reactive protein (CRP) and ... the pentraxin proteins, and amyloidosis, and is a leading authority on these subjects in the UK and internationally. He ... and identified SAP as a normal tissue protein. He introduced radiolabelled SAP as a diagnostic in-vivo tracer for amyloid, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Pepys

... an adaptor/docking protein, modulates STAT3 activation in acute-phase response through its YXXQ motif". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (13 ... Signal-transducing adaptor protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAP1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... The protein is directly phosphorylated by Tec in vitro where it participates in a positive feedback loop, increasing Tec ... A mouse ortholog, stem cell adaptor protein 1, shares 83% identity with its human counterpart. STAP1 has been shown to interact ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STAP1

Lomitapide is a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor.. *Phytosterols may be found naturally in plants. Similar to ... succinobucol(AGI-1067), a novel antioxidant, failed a phase-III trial.. *Apoprotein-B inhibitor mipomersen (approved by the FDA ... AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (February 2014), "Ten Things Physicians and Patients Should ... CETP inhibitors (cholesteryl ester transfer protein), 1 candidate is in trials. It is expected that these drugs will mainly ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid-lowering_agent

Allergic Sensitization - There is an acute response (early stages) and a late-phase response (later stages). In the early ... as well as a protein inside mesolimbic neurons called delta FosB. An associative process may contribute to addiction, for ... IgE circulates around and binds to receptors of cells leading to an acute inflammatory response.[13] In this case, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitization

... which code for proteins with antiviral properties.[51] EBOV's V24 protein blocks the production of these antiviral proteins by ... The response to the epidemic then moved to a second phase, as the focus shifted from slowing transmission to ending the ... Non-infectious diseases that may result in symptoms similar to those of EVD include acute promyelocytic leukaemia, haemolytic ... which are then translated into structural and nonstructural proteins. The most abundant protein produced is the nucleoprotein, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

During the depression phase, the inspiratory burst changes from an augmenting bell-shaped burst to a decrementing burst, a ... The channels are regulated by G protein-coupled receptors that can activate or inhibit the NALCN channels depending on the ... Investigation of the respiratory response to Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH), repeated episodes of hypoxia, reveals connection ... Blocking this inhibition from Glycine or GABA causes it's neurons to be incapable of switching from the active phase to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Bötzinger_complex

... protein.[45] PPARα increases the activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB, thereby leading to the recruitment of ... Results of a Phase 2, Dose-Ranging Study". Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. 17 (3): 333-338. PMID 29537451.. ... Their use during pregnancy has been associated with the development of acute fatty liver of pregnancy and is further avoided ... These free radicals likely interfere with the bacterium's metabolism and ability to make proteins.[79][80] Additionally, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris

The CD20 proteins are sticking out of the cell membrane, and rituximab, the Y-shaped antibody, is binding to the CD20 proteins. ... Hepatitis E infection is normally an acute infection, suggesting the drug in combination with lymphoma may have weakened the ... The antibody binds to the cell surface protein CD20. CD20 is widely expressed on B cells, from early pre-B cells to later in ... In contrast, when the B cell lacked this asymmetric protein cluster, it was killed only 40% of the time.[36][37] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximab

Acute phase proteins‎ (1 C, 17 P). *. ► Apolipoproteins‎ (17 P). C. *. ► Coagulation system‎ (1 C, 44 P) ... Pages in category "Blood proteins". The following 39 pages are in this category, out of 39 total. This list may not reflect ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Blood_proteins&oldid=804272786" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Blood_proteins

Acute overdose may cause fever, hypoglycemia, heart failure, coma, and unrecognized adrenal insufficiency. ... Greater than 99% of circulating thyroid hormones are bound to plasma proteins including thyroxine-binding globulin, ... Acute massive overdose may be life-threatening; treatment should be symptomatic and supportive. Massive overdose can be ... thyroid receptor proteins in the cell nucleus and cause metabolic effects through the control of DNA transcription and protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levothyroxine

Various phases are known, such as LiB10, NaB6, NaB15, and KB6.[111][112] Under high pressure the boron-boron bonding in the ... The balance between potassium and sodium is maintained by ion transporter proteins in the cell membrane.[231] The cell membrane ... Johnson, Garland T.; Lewis, Trent R.; Wagner, D. Wagner (1975). "Acute toxicity of cesium and rubidium compounds". Toxicology ... Okamoto, H. (2009). "Cs-O (Cesium-Oxygen)". Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion. 31: 86-87. doi:10.1007/s11669-009-9636-5 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal

Kushner, Mackiewicz A (1993). The acute phase response: an overview. Acute-phase glycoproteins: molecular biology, biochemistry ... The term alpha-1 refers to the protein's behavior on protein electrophoresis. On electrophoresis, the protein component of the ... In the acute phase reaction, a further elevation is required to "limit" the damage caused by activated neutrophil granulocytes ... which could confer this protein particular protein-cell recognition properties. The single cysteine residue of A1AT in position ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-1_antitrypsin

Serologically, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay during the acute phase of the disease using specific IgM against yellow ... and forms a complex with protein E. The immature particles are processed in the Golgi apparatus by the host protein furin, ... Different methods for acute treatment of the disease have been shown not to be very successful; passive immunization after the ... At first, an immature form of the virus particle is produced inside the ER, whose M-protein is not yet cleaved to its mature ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever

Acute toxicity: The oral LD50 values in mouse and rat are quite high, indicating a wide therapeutic index. LD50 for mice is 730 ... The elimination half-life is around 2 hours.[8][118] It is moderately bound to plasma proteins, especially albumin.[8] However ... Bech P (August 1993). "Acute therapy of depression". J Clin Psychiatry. 54 Suppl: 18-27, discussion 28. PMID 8253702.. ... binding to cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).[111] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moclobemide

Required for many proteins and enzymes, notably hemoglobin to prevent anemia Meat, seafood, nuts, beans, dark chocolate[23] ... Momcilović, B. (September 1999). "A case report of acute human molybdenum toxicity from a dietary molybdenum supplement-a new ... or when chronic or acute deficiencies arise from pathology, injury, etc. Research has supported that altering inorganic mineral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_mineral

"ISIS initiates Phase 3 clinical trials for potential SMA therapy ISIS-SMNrx". The SMA Trust.. ... A.D. Hershey and Martha Chase, "Independent Functions of Viral Protein and Nucleic Acid in Growth of Bacteriophage," J. General ... In 2011, Christopher Vakoc discovers an important new drug target, BRD4, for a lethal form of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML); ... In 2014, Phase 3 trials begin for drug to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a neurodegenerative disease, based on Adrian ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory

Topical, oral, and intravenous use of fluorescein can cause adverse reactions, including nausea, vomiting, hives, acute ... FITC reacts with the amine groups of many biologically relevant compounds including intracellular proteins to form a thiourea ... The lifetimes can be recovered using time-correlated single photon counting or phase-modulation fluorimetry. ... allowing biologists to target the fluorophore to specific proteins or structures within cells. This application is common in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescein

It is therefore used to indicate deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, DIC and efficacy of treatment in acute myocardial ... Protein C (inhibits V, VIII)/Protein S (cofactor for protein C). *Protein Z (inhibits X) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinolysis

... phase I trials - phase II trials - phase III trials - phase IV trials - photosensitivity - PHS - pituitary gland - placebo - ... acute HIV infection - Acute HIV Infection and Early Diseases Research Program (AIEDRP) - ADAP - ADC - adenopathy - adherence - ... proteins - protocol - protozoa - provirus - pruritus - pseudo-Cushing's syndrome - pseudovirion - PUBMED - pulmonary - purified ... core protein - correlates of immunity/correlates of protection - creatinine - cross-resistance - cryotherapy - cryptococcal ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_AIDS-related_topics

... severe acute pancreatitis, sarcoidosis, protein-losing enteropathy, strenuous exercise, carcinoma ... acute phase of malaria) ... are the most common cell type seen in the early stages of acute ... It also makes blood vessels more permeable so neutrophils and clotting proteins can get into connective tissue more easily. ... Blood cell dysfunction - megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplasia, marrow failure, marrow replacement, acute leukemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_cell

protein stabilization. • protein homooligomerization. • regulation of cell cycle. • positive regulation of protein localization ... Chen W, Rassidakis GZ, Medeiros LJ (2006). «Nucleophosmin gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia.». Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. ... positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition. • negative regulation of centrosome duplication. • regulation of ... protein oligomerization. • negative regulation of protein kinase activity by regulation of protein phosphorylation. • ...

https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPM1

In the acute phase of ALI, there is increased permeability of this barrier and protein rich fluid leaks out of the capillaries ... 2007) Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS): the mechanism, present strategies and future ... Protective effects of a bacterially expressed NIF-KGF fusion protein against bleomycin-induced acute lung injury in mice. Acta ... Protective effects of a bacterially expressed NIF-KGF fusion protein against bleomycin-induced acute lung injury in mice. Acta ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury

Temporal protein biomarkers in tracking different phases of TBIEdit. A continuum of protein biomarkers in tracking different ... 2) The biomarker levels must be elevated in various forms and/or severities of human TBI in the acute phase (3-24 h post-injury ... These include dendritic protein microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) [137,138], brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF) [ ... Post-injury neurodegeneration/tauopathy such as Tau protein and phospho-tau protein. There are also autoantibodies as ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers

The resulting BLM protein is defective. the defect in RecQ an helicase facilitates the defective unwinding of DNA during ... Twin spot occurs only if the heterozygous genes are linked in repulsion i.e. trans phase. The recombination needs to occur ... Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation t(8 RUNX1T1;21 RUNX1). *Acute promyelocytic leukemia t(15 PML,17 RARA) ... commonly the green fluorescent protein or GFP) and an allele of a gene to be studied (both on chromosomes bearing FRT sites). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaicism

There are a number of ALS genes that encode for RNA-binding proteins. The first to be discovered was TDP-43 protein,[35] a ... Positive results in small phase II studies in humans could also be misleading and lead to failure in phase III trials. Other ... An analysis of 23 large phase II and phase III RCTs that failed between 2004 and 2014 concluded that there were many potential ... Mutant SOD1 protein forms intracellular aggregations that inhibit protein degradation. Cytoplasmic aggregations of wild-type ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_Gehrig's_disease

The protein degradation processEdit. Ribbon diagram of ubiquitin, the highly conserved protein that serves as a molecular tag ... Earlier cell cycle checkpoints such as post-restriction point check between G1 phase and S phase similarly involve proteasomal ... for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia [109] Proteasome inhibitors can kill some types of cultured leukemia cells that are ... Proteasomes are protein complexes which degrade unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome

Many acute-phase proteins of inflammation are involved in the coagulation system. ... This leads to antiviral protein production, such as protein kinase R, which inhibits viral protein synthesis, or the 2′,5′- ... "Resistance" (R) proteins, encoded by R genes, are widely present in plants and detect pathogens. These proteins contain domains ... The cascade is composed of many plasma proteins, synthesized in the liver, primarily by hepatocytes. The proteins work together ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

The plasma protein binding of dronabinol and its metabolites is approximately 97%.. ... Thompson, George R.; Rosenkrantz, Harris; Schaeppi, Ulrich H.; Braude, Monique C. (July 1973). "Comparison of acute oral ... by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography estimation.. ... Garrett ER, Hunt CA (July 1974). "Physicochemical properties, solubility, and protein binding of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol". J. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/THC

Savini I, Rossi A, Pierro C, Avigliano L, Catani MV (April 2008). "SVCT1 and SVCT2: key proteins for vitamin C uptake". Amino ... so it exhibits remarkably low acute toxicity.[4] More than two to three grams may cause indigestion, particularly when taken on ... "Measurement of intracellular vitamin C levels in human lymphocytes by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography ( ... The HIFalpha prolyl hydroxylases, termed PHDs/EGLNs (prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins/EGL nine homologues), bind to a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-ascorbic_acid

WIPI2, a PtdIns(3)P binding protein of the WIPI (WD-repeat protein interacting with phosphoinositides) protein family, was ... "Cannabisin B induces autophagic cell death by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway and S phase cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells". ... these mice illustrated a decrease in endurance and an altered glucose metabolism during acute exercise.[71] ... Without efficient autophagy, neurons gather ubiquitinated protein aggregates and degrade. Ubiquitinated proteins are proteins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophagy_

On the liver: stimulating the acute phase response, leading to an increase in C-reactive protein and a number of other ... protein binding. • protease binding. • tumor necrosis factor receptor binding. • cytokine activity. • identical protein binding ... positive regulation of protein complex assembly. • protein kinase B signaling. • positive regulation of cytokine production. • ... protein localization to plasma membrane. • positive regulation of protein catabolic process. • regulation of receptor activity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNF-alpha

"Mood stabilization and destabilization during acute and continuation phase treatment for bipolar I disorder with lamotrigine or ... Protein binding. 55%. Metabolism. Liver (mostly UGT1A4-mediated). Elimination half-life. 29 hours. ... The drug seems ineffective in the treatment of current rapid-cycling, acute mania, or acute depression in bipolar disorder; ... "Acute Treatment - Formula and Implementation of a Treatment Plan". Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamotrigine

Akute-Phase-Protein (de); Proteínas de fase aguda (pt); Acute-phase protein (en); بروتين طور حاد (ar); 急性期蛋白 (zh); ... Proteine de phase aigue (fr); Akute-Phase-Proteine, Akut-Phase-Protein (de); Akutfasproteiner (sv); protein akutního stavu, ... Proteínas de fase aguda (es); Beljakovina akutne faze (sl); Protéine de phase aiguë (fr); protein akutní fáze (cs); ... Retrieved from "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Acute_phase_proteins&oldid=315167790" ...

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Acute_phase_proteins

Acute-phase response: These proteins, collectively called acute-phase proteins, bind to bacteria and, by doing so, activate ... The acute-phase proteins act similarly to antibodies but are more democratic-that is, they do not distinguish between pathogens ... Other articles where Acute-phase protein is discussed: immune system: ... In immune system: Acute-phase response. These proteins, collectively called acute-phase proteins, bind to bacteria and, by ...

https://www.britannica.com/science/acute-phase-protein

Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation.. Gabay C1, Kushner I. ... Acute-Phase Proteins/analysis. *Acute-Phase Proteins/physiology*. *Acute-Phase Reaction/physiopathology* ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9971870?dopt=Abstract

Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins is part of the Division of Medicine. *Information for Patients ...

https://www.ucl.ac.uk/amyloidosis/national-amyloidosis-centre/information-patients

Acute phase proteins in cats/Proteinas de fase aguda em gatos.(CLINIC AND SURGERY) by Ciencia Rural; Earth sciences Gatos ... Investigacion cientifica Haptoglobin Analysis Usage Inflamacion Inflammation Investigacion veterinaria Pancreatitis Proteins ... Those newly produced proteins are called acute phase proteins (APP) (TIZARD, 2013b). Acute phase proteins The APP ... 2011). Acute phase proteins as biomarkers of disease: from Bench to Clinical Practice. In Veas, F. Acute Phase Proteins as ...

https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Acute+phase+proteins+in+cats%2FProteinas+de+fase+aguda+em+gatos-a0590651539

... Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jan 26;242(3):480-3. doi: 10.1006/ ... led us to investigate whether it can be regulated as an acute phase protein (APP). Ang concentration in the serum of mice ... placed into the acute phase by injection with 3% thioglycollate do indeed increase transiently as is typical for APPs. Moreover ... a liver-specific rise and subsequent fall in Ang mRNA transcripts also follows entrance into acute inflammation. We conclude ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9464241/?dopt=Abstract

Acute-phase proteins (APPs) are a class of proteins whose plasma concentrations increase (positive acute-phase proteins) or ... eclinpath.com/chemistry/proteins/acute-phase-proteins/ Acute-Phase+Proteins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical ... This response is called the acute-phase reaction (also called acute-phase response). The acute-phase reaction ... these proteins are, therefore, referred to as "negative" acute-phase reactants. Increased acute-phase proteins from the liver ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute-phase_protein

Kimura, T.; Yamamoto, K., 1987: Production of acute phase proteins in the liver. Mode of distribution of acute phase proteins ... Agglutination of intravenous lipid emulsions by acute phase proteins of inflammation. Agglutination of intravenous fat ... Agglutination of intravenous fat emulsions by acute inflammation phase proteins. Agglutination of intravenous fat emulsions ( ... Agglutination of intravenous fat emulsions by acute-phase proteins. Pathologie Biologie 36(7): 877-881. Agglutination of ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/001/748/001748355.php

Human serum amyloid A (SAA) protein: a prominent acute-phase reactant for clinical practice.. Malle E1, De Beer FC. ... Acute-phase protein concentrations have been advocated as objective biochemical indices of disease activity in a number of ... It is as sensitive a marker for the acute-phase as C-reactive protein (CRP). Recent studies indicate that SAA is the most ... Observations that the acutephase response is tightly coupled to lipoprotein abnormalities and the fact that acute-SAA proteins ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8817153?dopt=Abstract

Three acute phase proteins (APP); haptoglobin (Hp), mammary associated serum amyloid A3 (M-SAA3) and C-reactive protein (CRP) ... Acute phase proteins, proteomics and metabolomics in the diagnosis of bovine mastitis ...

http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.650343

Increases in the serum acute phase proteins after ozone exposure are associated with induction of genes in the lung but not ... Increases in the serum acute phase proteins after ozone exposure are associated with induction of genes in the lung but not ... EPA Home » Science Inventory » Increases in the serum acute phase proteins after ozone exposure are associated with induction ... Ozone exposure increased positive acute phase proteins in the serum, such as α-1-acid glycoprotein, AGP; α-2-macroglobulin, A2M ...

https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=270929

Plasma Proteome Dynamics: Analysis of Lipoproteins and Acute Phase Response Proteins with 2H2O Metabolic Labeling. Ling Li, ... We applied this technique to measure the synthesis rates of several plasma lipoproteins and acute phase response proteins in ... In this study, we mainly concentrated on several plasma acute phase response proteins and lipoproteins and evaluated the ... The kinetics of different plasma lipoproteins and acute phase response proteins. To emphasize the differences between kinetics ...

https://www.mcponline.org/content/11/7/M111.014209.long

Elevated Levels of Acute-Phase Proteins and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes. The ... Elevated Levels of Acute-Phase Proteins and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes ... Elevated Levels of Acute-Phase Proteins and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes ... Elevated Levels of Acute-Phase Proteins and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes ...

http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/51/4/1131

Can acute phase proteins predict survival in ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of COPD?. Gamal Agmy, Hoda Maghlouf, ... PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between acute phase proteins [High sensitivity C-reactive protein ... Can acute phase proteins predict survival in ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of COPD? ... Can acute phase proteins predict survival in ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of COPD? ...

http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/40/Suppl_56/P4818

Levels of alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M) and C-reactive protein (CRP) increased in a significant number of children with acute ... In endemic areas, it is important to detect acute and even asymptomatic infections in children so that specific therapy can be ... The combined analysis of serologic and biochemical parameters can define the different stages of acute infection by Trypanosoma ... a late acute stage, with low IgM levels but high A2M, CRP, anti-Gal, and specific IgG levels. The detection of high IgG levels ...

http://www.ajtmh.org/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.154

TNF-α by producing acute phase proteins, including α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and α1-antitrypsin (AAT).10 These 2 major acute ... Sepsis score and acute-phase protein response as predictors of outcome in septic surgical patients. Arch Surg. 1987;122:141-146 ... Hepatic acute phase protein mRNA expression 16 hours after either renal I/R, sham operation, administration of 30 μg of LPS IP ... Measurement of Hepatic Acute Phase Protein mRNA Content. Total RNA was extracted from livers and transcribed into cDNA, of ...

http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/102/12/1420

Association between circulating IL-6 and acute-phase proteins. Because IL-6 is the principal regulator of hepatic acute-phase ... Acute-phase proteins.. C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by fluorescent polarization immunoassay using the TDX system ( ... In view of ample in vitro and animal data linking IL-6 with acute-phase protein synthesis in inflammation (28, 29), it was of ... It has been reported that IL-1ra is made by hepatocytes and by cells within the joint and behaves as an acute-phase protein. ...

http://www.jimmunol.org/content/163/3/1521.full

Preoperative Feeding With a Whey Protein Plus Carbohydrate Drink on the Acute Phase Response and Insulin Resistance. This study ... Effects of preoperative feeding with a whey protein plus carbohydrate drink on the acute phase response and insulin resistance ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT01354249

... Br J Surg. 2001 Feb;88(2):255- ... Introduction: An acute-phase protein response (APPR) has been associated with reduced crude survival rates and increased ... C-reactive protein concentration, measured before and at 3 months after operation, was used as an index of the APPR. Univariate ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11167877/?dopt=Abstract

... retinol-binding protein, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, alpha 1-ac ... Aiming to define the evolution pattern of 10 acute-phase proteins in early infancy, we measured nephelometrically the serum ... 0/Acute-Phase Proteins; 0/Orosomucoid; 0/Retinol-Binding Proteins; 0/Serum Albumin; 0/alpha 1-Antitrypsin; 0/alpha- ... Acute-Phase Proteins / analysis*. Adult. Aging / blood. Ceruloplasmin / analysis. Female. Gestational Age. Humans. Infant. ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Serum-concentrations-10-acute-phase/7536645.html

The hepatic acute-phase proteins α1-antitrypsin and α2-macroglobulin inhibit binding of transferrin to its receptor I Graziadei ... I Graziadei, R Kaserbacher, H Braunsteiner, W Vogel; The hepatic acute-phase proteins α1-antitrypsin and α2-macroglobulin ... Transferrin binding to human placental sites was inhibited by the acute-phase proteins alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) and ... Inhibition of transferrin binding by the acute-phase proteins alpha 1-AT and alpha 2-MG is competitive. Interestingly, ...

https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article-abstract/290/1/109/36029/The-hepatic-acute-phase-proteins-1-antitrypsin-and?redirectedFrom=fulltext

B) The protein levels of DNMT3A and TET2 in Hep3B cells co-transfected with Cas9 and the indicated sgRNAs were determined with ... Genes with CpG-poor promoters are preferentialy demethylated and induced in acute inflammation.. (A) Both the numbers and ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/51317/figures

Dual Signaling Role of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2 in Regulating Expression of Acute-Phase Plasma Proteins by ... Dual Signaling Role of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2 in Regulating Expression of Acute-Phase Plasma Proteins by ... Dual Signaling Role of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2 in Regulating Expression of Acute-Phase Plasma Proteins by ... Dual Signaling Role of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2 in Regulating Expression of Acute-Phase Plasma Proteins by ...

https://mcb.asm.org/content/19/8/5326

Differential influence of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition on acute phase protein synthesis in human ... Differential influence of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition on acute phase protein synthesis in human ... Objective: To investigate the influence of p38 MAPK inhibition on acute phase protein (APP) production, which is dependent on ... Results: Two out of four cell lines produced C reactive protein (CRP), especially after combined IL6 and IL1β stimulation. CRP ...

http://ard.bmj.com/content/65/7/929

Acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the biomarkers of inflammation. Hence, the ... interactive effect of drugs of abuse with acute phase proteins in HIV-positive subjects was investigated. Plasma samples were ... Inflammatory proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the plasma proteins known as acute phase ... Acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the biomarkers of inflammation. Hence, the ...

https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-2094-10-113

MicroRNA-18a enhances the interleukin-6-mediated production of the acute-phase proteins fibrinogen and haptoglobin in human ... which rapidly induces the production of acute-phase proteins such as haptoglobin and fibrinogen. Another target of the IL-6/ ... which rapidly induces the production of acute-phase proteins such as haptoglobin and fibrinogen. Another target of the IL-6/ ... MicroRNA-18a enhances the interleukin-6-mediated production of the acute-phase proteins fibrinogen and haptoglobin in human ...

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/52991/

"Effects of low-protein diets on acute phase proteins and heat shock protein 70 responses, and growth performance in broiler ... Effects of low-protein diets on acute phase proteins and heat shock protein 70 responses, and... Zulkifli, I;Akmal, A F; ... Effects of low-protein diets on acute phase proteins and heat shock protein 70 responses, and growth performance in broiler ... Effects of low-protein diets on acute phase proteins and heat shock protein 70 responses, and growth performance in broiler ...

https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/oxford-university-press/effects-of-low-protein-diets-on-acute-phase-proteins-and-heat-shock-OAvf0Kl7Vc

Acute phase reactant proteins, anthropometric and dyslipidaemic changes associated with type 2 diabetic mellitus among Nigerian ... Acute phase reactant proteins, anthropometric and dyslipidaemic changes associated with type 2 diabetic mellitus among Nigerian ... C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, total protein, albumin and lipid profile were determined using enzyme-linked ... There was a positive association (r = 0.66, p,0.05) between Creactive protein (CRP) and glucose whereas a negative association ...

https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijs/article/view/179770

The acute phase proteins (APP) form part of a non-specific host response to inflammation. They may be induced by a range of ... Acute phase protein levels in dogs with mast cell tumours and sarcomas ... Acute phase protein levels in dogs with mast cell tumours and sarcomas ... In the patients with MCTs, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1 acid glycoprotein levels increased, with a concurrent drop in serum ...

https://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/content/170/25/648

title = "Cytokine and acute phase protein mRNA expression in liver tissue from pigs with severe sepsis caused by intravenous ... T1 - Cytokine and acute phase protein mRNA expression in liver tissue from pigs with severe sepsis caused by intravenous ... Cytokine and acute phase protein mRNA expression in liver tissue from pigs with severe sepsis caused by intravenous inoculation ... Cytokine and acute phase protein mRNA expression in liver tissue from pigs with severe sepsis caused by intravenous inoculation ...

https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/cytokine-and-acute-phase-protein-mrna-expression-in-liver-tissue-

haptoglobin (Hp), mammary associated serum amyloid A3 (M-SAA3) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in milk samples from composite milk samples of all lactating cows in a commercial dairy herd, mastitis cases, submitted to a diagnostic laboratory and following an experimental mastitis challenge of cows with Streptococcus uberis. (bl.uk)
Reductions in acute-phase proteins occurred after serum IL-6 fell and included serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and fibrinogen. (jimmunol.org)
Transferrin binding to human placental sites was inhibited by the acute-phase proteins alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) and alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-MG), whereas haptoglobin, C-reactive protein and ferritin displayed no such effect. (portlandpress.com)
In the dog, C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A have been identified as significant diagnostic 'markers' of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis, while in cats and cattle haptoglobin and alpha 1 acid glycoprotein and haptoglobin and serum amyloid A have proved valuable biomarkers of disease, respectively. (gla.ac.uk)
Signaling of IL-6 is transduced by activation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), which rapidly induces the production of acute-phase proteins such as haptoglobin and fibrinogen. (uzh.ch)
IL-6 stimulation experiments in miR-18a-overexpressing hepatocytes and HepG2 cells revealed an augmented acute-phase response indicated by increased expression and secretion of haptoglobin and fibrinogen. (uzh.ch)
Proteins of the acute phase (C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin) in the literature are considered as indicators of metabolic systems as blood reagents, i.e. groups of plasma proteins, glycoproteins and of their components, the concentration of which increases considerably and not specifically in reaction to various pathological stimuli. (alliedacademies.org)
This study was conducted to investigate the response of acute phase proteins, mainly haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and the negative acute phase response, especially albumin after an experimental challenge of C. pseudotuberculosis and phospholipase D (PLD) in Cross bred Boer goats. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunochemical analyses of seven APPs, four positive (C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp), pig major acute phase protein (pigMAP) and serum amyloid A (SAA)) and three negative (albumin, transthyretin, and apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1)) were performed in the more than 400 serum samples constituting the serum panel. (biomedcentral.com)
Significant increases in major acute phase protein (Pig-MAP), haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein, and a decrease in apolipoprotein A-I, were observed at slaughter. (readbyqxmd.com)
Although EGF less effectively engages STAT proteins in these cells, it reduces expression of fibrinogen and haptoglobin, but stimulates production of alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin and induces transcription through the alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin and C-reactive protein promoter. (escholarship.org)
In the present study, a total of 429 serum proteinograms were produced from naturally infected animals (NIF) and were compared with 50 samples from control animals (C). The total protein, IgA band, complement C3 β chain band, albumin band, antitrypsin band, IgG band, haptoglobin band, complement C3c α chain band and protein HP-20 band presented higher levels in the serum proteinograms of the NIF group. (unesp.br)
Ss + individuals exhibited significantly diminished levels of alpha-2 macroglobulin, C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and serum amyloid protein A1 compared to Ss − individuals and these levels increased significantly following therapy. (frontiersin.org)
C-reactive protein and haptoglobin concentrations were significantly different at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively for minimally invasive and conventional ovariohisterectomies. (bvsalud.org)
The effects of α 1 -antitrypsin (α 1 ,-AT), α 1 ,-acid glycoprotein (α 1 AGP), and haptoglobin (Hp), the main constituents of α-globulin and which belong to acute phase proteins, on NK activity were examined using K562 cells as the NK target cells. (elsevier.com)
This study reports the serial changes of the acute phase reactive proteins (α 1 -antitrypsin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, and β 1A -globulin) in the serum of 51 patients with myocardial infarction. (elsevier.com)
Haptoglobin (Hp), mammary associated serum amyloid A3 (M-SAA3) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in the various treatment groups and in control samples which were not treated, using enzyme linked immunoassays. (beds.ac.uk)
RESULTS: Analysis of the LCP population showed what appeared to be a threshold of periodontal disease severity required for elevating the C-reactive protein (CRP) and haptoglobin (HG). (uthscsa.edu)
Blood sample from 199 sows were collected at d 7 and the serum concentration of haptoglobin and Creactive protein determined. (fu-berlin.de)
The median of haptoglobin and C-reactive protein were 1.83 mg/mL (interqartile range: 1.42 to 2.13 mg/mL) and 60.0 μg/mL (interqartile range: 15.2 to 216.5 μg/mL). (fu-berlin.de)
There was no correlation between Haptoglobin and C-reactive protein (ρ = 0.11, P = 0.12) nor a difference between sows categorized as ill and healthy sows in Haptoglobin (P = 0.1) and C-reactive protein concentration (P = 0.34). (fu-berlin.de)
As demonstrated in this study haptoglobin and C-reactive protein do not support the detection of early postpartum disorders in sows. (fu-berlin.de)
The acute-phase response proteins, such as haptoglobin (HP), transferrine (TRf), α1-antitrypsin, complement protein 3 (C3), complement protein 4 (C4) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and the reproductive hormones, for example follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2), were analyzed using standard laboratory methods. (beds.ac.uk)
They increase body temperature and stimulate hepatocytes so that acute-phase proteins are produced (e.g. haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, α 1 -macroglobulin). (beds.ac.uk)
Haptoglobin (HP) is the most frequently studied acute-phase protein in MD, which has provided the most consistent results. (beds.ac.uk)

Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. (nih.gov)
The acute phase response (APR) is an early, non-specific systemic innate immune reaction to local or systemic stimulus, which helps to heal and re-establish homeostasis and minimize tissue damage when the body is affected by trauma, infection, stress, surgery, neoplasia or inflammation (GRUYS et al. (thefreelibrary.com)
Moreover, a liver-specific rise and subsequent fall in Ang mRNA transcripts also follows entrance into acute inflammation. (nih.gov)
Acute-phase proteins (APPs) are a class of proteins whose plasma concentrations increase (positive acute-phase proteins) or decrease (negative acute-phase proteins) in response to inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] "Negative" acute-phase proteins decrease in inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
The decrease of such proteins may be used as markers of inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
Measurement of acute-phase proteins, especially C-reactive protein, is a useful marker of inflammation in both medical and veterinary clinical pathology. (wikipedia.org)
Acute Phase Response (APR), a systemic reaction to infection, trauma, and inflammation, is characterized by increases and decreases in plasma levels of positive and negative acute phase proteins (APP), respectively. (epa.gov)
Elevated serum levels of acute-phase proteins, indicating chronic subclinical inflammation, have been associated with cardiovascular disease as well as the insulin resistance syndrome. (diabetesjournals.org)
Several experimental and prospective epidemiological studies have shown an association of elevated serum levels of acute-phase proteins, indicating chronic subclinical inflammation, with cardiovascular disease (reviewed in Lagrand et al. (diabetesjournals.org)
We recently demonstrated that acute primary apoptosis during early reperfusion is crucial to the initiation of reperfusion-induced inflammation. (ahajournals.org)
Acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the biomarkers of inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute phase proteins (APPs) have been used as biomarkers of inflammation, infection and trauma for decades in human medicine but have been relatively under-utilised in the context of veterinary medicine. (gla.ac.uk)
Acute phase proteins (APP) are a group of proteins that are primarily synthesized in the hepatocytes and released into the bloodstream by a variety of challenges such as bacterial infection, inflammation, tissue injury, endotoxin exposure, and neoplasia (Murata et al. (deepdyve.com)
The acute phase proteins (APP) form part of a non-specific host response to inflammation. (bmj.com)
However, the role of acute phase proteins in the formation of the above tension condition as formations produced by the body in the early stages of the immune response is still unknown, as the functional features of acute phase proteins allow to put them in mediators and inhibitors of inflammation. (alliedacademies.org)
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are found in the blood and their concentration increases or decreases in response to infection, inflammation and injury. (biomedcentral.com)
C-reactive protein (CRP), one of the acute-phase proteins , is considered to be a sensitive systemic marker of inflammation following tissue damage. (thefreedictionary.com)
Glutamine deficiency produces insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, increased hepatic production of acute-phase proteins (a sign of inflammation), reduced gut-barrier function, adipose tissue loss, and muscle wasting. (thefreedictionary.com)
The acute phase protein (APP) response is an innate reaction towards tissue injury and follows rapidly (6-12 h) after onset of any disease compromising tissue homeostasis, for example infections, trauma, inflammation with various etiologies and some tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are serum proteins whose levels change in response to inflammation, which makes them useful indicators for stress and disease. (hycultbiotech.com)
Elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels relates to a number of diseases, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis, making this APP an important indicator of inflammation. (hycultbiotech.com)
Acute phase protein levels increase in blood and other bodily fluids as a result of inflammation, tissue injury and disease. (lifediagnostics.com)
We also outline findings of immune disturbances and signs of inflammation at cellular, protein, and brain imaging levels in patients with schizophrenia. (frontiersin.org)
Immune dysregulation in schizophrenia has been found in numerous studies comparing patients to healthy controls, and meta-analyses find that patients with schizophrenia, on a group level, show signs of a low-grade peripheral inflammation with upregulation of several proinflammatory cytokines ( 1 - 3 ) and C-reactive protein (CRP) ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
We examined the presence of markers of systemic inflammation (levels of acute phase proteins) and of microbial translocation [levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its associated products] in T2DM individuals with ( Ss + ) or without ( Ss − ) Strongyloides stercoralis ( Ss ) infection. (frontiersin.org)
We postulate, therefore, that helminth infections could also influence systemic inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia by altering the levels of acute phase proteins and microbial translocation markers in T2DM. (frontiersin.org)
This is an increase in acute and chronic inflammation. (labpedia.net)
C-reactive protein (CRP) and Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) increases with systemic inflammation and are related to worse survival for breast cancer survivors. (biomedcentral.com)
C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are nonspecific acute-phase proteins that increase in response to systemic inflammation [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
13. Gabay, C. and Kushner, I. (1999).Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. (edu.krd)
These studies suggest that each of the acute-phase proteins, which increase following inflammation, inhibits NK cell function by two distinct mechanisms. (elsevier.com)
Any of the plasma proteins whose concentration increases or decreases by at least 25% during inflammation. (tabers.com)
They help mediate both positive and negative effects of acute and chronic inflammation, including chemotaxis, phagocytosis, protection against oxygen radicals, and tissue repair. (tabers.com)
It is suggested that the increase in specific radioactivities of medium proteins following incubation of liver slices from experimental rats with labelled leucine and glucosamine is a characteristic of the response of liver to inflammation, and reflects changes in the capacity of liver for the synthesis of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and other acute phase serum proteins. (semanticscholar.org)
This negative finding in perimenopausal depression indicates either the absence or a more complex nature of the interactions between acute-phase proteins, low-grade inflammation and depression. (beds.ac.uk)

Our results demonstrate that fasting has divergent effects on the rate of synthesis of plasma proteins, increasing synthesis of ApoB 100 but decreasing formation of albumin and fibrinogen. (mcponline.org)
The other proteins were significantly lower at birth than adult values but after 6 months, only albumin, prealbumin, retinol-binding protein, and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein still remained lower in infants. (biomedsearch.com)
C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, total protein, albumin and lipid profile were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Cobas chemistry auto analyzer respectively. (ajol.info)
Virtually all of the abundant proteins in serum, with the exception of albumin, are A-linked glycoproteins, and the great majority of these are acute-phase proteins that rise or fall in response to acute and chronic inflammatory stimuli (2, 3). (thefreedictionary.com)
Serum albumin concentrations fall in acute disease states. (chemeurope.com)
For this reason albumin is sometimes referred to as a negative acute phase protein . (chemeurope.com)
While not only presenting an accurate albumin quantitation, it provides a reflection of acute inflammatory processes and ongoing humoral immune responses. (miami.edu)
We studied serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and low albumin as positive and negative acute-phase proteins in HD. (cdc.gov)
Changes in synthetic capacities of liver slices from experimental rats for albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein were always accompanied by large increases in specific radioactivities of total medium proteins when experiments involved incubation of slices with L-[-3H]leucine and D-[-14C]glucosamine. (semanticscholar.org)

Systemic and quantitative investigations of human plasma proteins (proteomics) and -specific antibodies (immunoproteomics) provide complementary information and hold promise for the discovery of biomarkers in bloodstream infection (SABSI). (physiciansweekly.com)
Acute phase proteins are considered sensitive biomarkers, but lack specificity for different infectious agents. (biomedcentral.com)

Ang concentration in the serum of mice placed into the acute phase by injection with 3% thioglycollate do indeed increase transiently as is typical for APPs. (nih.gov)
Among the various systemic reactions against infection or injury, the acute phase response is the cascade of reaction and mostly coordinated by cytokines-mediated acute phase proteins (APPs) production. (veterinaryworld.org)
Combinations of APPs allowed the detection of disease more sensitively than any individual APP and the best three-protein combinations were CRP, apoA1, pigMAP and CRP, apoA1, Hp, respectively, closely followed by the two-protein combinations CRP, pigMAP and apoA1, pigMAP, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was the development of a quantitative assay that could support future studies of a panel of acute phase proteins (APPs) in the horse. (jpt.com)
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are soluble molecules whose blood concentrations increase during certain inflammatory states. (semanticscholar.org)
Growth performance, behavioral stress markers, and physiological stress markers (neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio and acute phase proteins [APPs]) were measured from birth to Day 58. (aasv.org)
Acute phase proteins (APPs) could be an indicator of sarcoptic mange disease and severity in Iberian ibex. (uab.cat)

Positive acute-phase proteins serve (as part of the innate immune system) different physiological functions within the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
The physiological role of decreased synthesis of such proteins is generally to save amino acids for producing "positive" acute-phase proteins more efficiently. (wikipedia.org)
Major depression is associated with higher plasma levels of positive acute-phase proteins, as well as with lower plasma levels of negative acute-phase proteins. (beds.ac.uk)

The expression of SAA mRNA in human atherosclerotic lesions and the induction of acute-phase SAA by oxidized low-density lipoproteins strengthen the hypothesis that SAA might play a role in vascular injury and atherogenesis. (nih.gov)
Immediately after ozone exposure, genes encoding APP were analyzed at mRNA level in the lungs and livers and proteins were analyzed in the serum. (epa.gov)
These increases in serum proteins were associated with marked increases in mRNA expression of several APP in the lungs (A2M, AGP, α-1-antitrypsin, hepsidin, and ceruloplasmin). (epa.gov)
Although static gene expression can be reflected in protein levels ( 1 ), it is now well recognized that mRNA and protein levels are poorly associated ( 2 ), and there is a clear need for methods that can provide information on the rate of synthesis of individual protein products ( 3 ). (mcponline.org)
Moreover, I/R elicited an acute phase response, as reflected by elevated serum AGP and serum amyloid P (SAP) levels after 24 hours, and increased hepatic acute phase protein mRNA levels after 18 hours of renal reperfusion. (ahajournals.org)
Relative hepatic mRNA levels of various drug metabolizing enzymes, cytokines and acute phase proteins were measured by reverse transcriptase-real time PCR. (springer.com)
We hypothesize that the concentration or the mRNA level of some proteins involved in the immune defense against viruses could play this role. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we explore the effects of cA2 on circulating cytokines and cytokine inhibitors, and test the relationship between these mediators and their major recognized systemic effect in RA, the production of hepatic acute-phase proteins. (jimmunol.org)

The liver responds by producing many acute-phase reactants. (wikipedia.org)
these proteins are, therefore, referred to as "negative" acute-phase reactants. (wikipedia.org)
The liver responds by producing a large number of acute-phase reactants . (chemeurope.com)
Acute phase reactants have long been used as clinical indicators of active disease. (semanticscholar.org)
Although these proteins are also called acute phase reactants, their levels are also elevated during chronic inflammatory states. (semanticscholar.org)

Zulkifli, I;Akmal, A F;Soleimani, A F;Hossain, M A;Awad, E A 2018-04-01 00:00:00 Abstract A study with a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement was conducted to investigate the effects of 4 dietary protein levels and 2 environmental conditions on acute phase proteins (APP), brain heat shock protein (HSP) 70 density, and growth performance of broiler chickens. (deepdyve.com)
abstract = "The acute phase protein (APP) response is an early systemic sign of disease, detected as substantial changes in APP serum concentrations and most disease states involving inflammatory reactions give rise to APP responses. (elsevier.com)
abstract = "The acute phase protein (APP) response was evaluated after prolonged transportation of pigs under commercial conditions. (elsevier.com)

The parsimonious view is that the increased production of inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins by adipose tissue in obesity relates primarily to localised events within the expanding fat depots. (thefreedictionary.com)
To address this we undertook a study to investigate the association between MDD and pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Uganda. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune activation including increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins has repeatedly been described in MDD. (biomedcentral.com)
We therefore hypothesised that MDD in HIV/AIDS will be associated with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

In equilibrium saturation binding assays, the effective acute-phase proteins decreased the apparent affinity of the binding sites for transferrin, but the transferrin binding-site density Bmax. (portlandpress.com)
On isoelectric focusing, no alteration in transferrin protein pattern or shift in isoelectric point was detected in the presence of alpha 1-AT. (portlandpress.com)
Inhibition of transferrin binding by the acute-phase proteins alpha 1-AT and alpha 2-MG is competitive. (portlandpress.com)
When a transferrin protein loaded with iron encounters a transferrin receptor on the surface of a cell , e.g., erythroid precursors in the bone marrow, it binds to it and is transported into the cell in a vesicle by receptor-mediated endocytosis . (wikipedia.org)
An increased plasma transferrin level is often seen in patients suffering from iron deficiency anemia , during pregnancy, and with the use of oral contraceptives, reflecting an increase in transferrin protein expression. (wikipedia.org)
When plasma transferrin levels rise, there is a reciprocal decrease in percent transferrin iron saturation, and a corresponding increase in total iron binding capacity in iron deficient states [14] A decreased plasma transferrin can occur in iron overload diseases and protein malnutrition. (wikipedia.org)
Some invertebrates have proteins that act like transferrin found in the hemolymph. (wikipedia.org)

While the production of C3 (a complement factor) increases in the liver, the plasma concentration often lowers because of an increased turn-over, therefore it is often seen as a negative acute-phase protein. (wikipedia.org)
Observations that the acutephase response is tightly coupled to lipoprotein abnormalities and the fact that acute-SAA proteins are mainly associated with plasma lipoproteins of the high density range suggested a possible role of this apolipoprotein (apo SAA) in the development of atherosclerosis. (nih.gov)
We hypothesized that lungs and liver both will contribute to plasma levels APP after an acute ozone exposure. (epa.gov)
We applied this technique to measure the synthesis rates of several plasma lipoproteins and acute phase response proteins in rats. (mcponline.org)
2 H labeling of tryptic peptides was analyzed by ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (LTQ MS/MS) for measurement of the fractional synthesis rates of plasma proteins. (mcponline.org)
The high sensitivity of LTQ MS in zoom scan mode in combination with 2 H label amplification in proteolytic peptides allows detection of the changes in plasma protein synthesis related to animal nutritional status. (mcponline.org)
We conclude that this technique can effectively measure the synthesis of plasma proteins and can be used to study the regulation of protein homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. (mcponline.org)
One of the major actions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the transcriptional activation of acute-phase plasma proteins (APP) genes in liver cells. (asm.org)
The authors attributed the heat increment in broilers fed a lower protein diet to elevated plasma triiodothyronine (T3) concentration, which may consequently increase heat production. (deepdyve.com)
Our study showed an acute-phase response in patients with bloodstream infection and evidence that lipoproteins are downregulated in plasma. (physiciansweekly.com)
Acute-phase proteins are plasma proteins, mostly synthesised in the liver, whose plasma concentrations may increase several hundred-fold as part of the response to inflammatory stimuli. (thefreedictionary.com)
The disturbed proteome in ARDS patients includes plasma acute-phase proteins , inflammatory/immune-associated proteins, and coagulation proteins. (thefreedictionary.com)
Plasma protein acute-phase response in unstable angina is not induced by ischemic injury. (ox.ac.uk)
To determine whether ischemia-reperfusion injury causes this acute-phase response, we studied the temporal relation between plasma levels of CRP and ischemic episodes in 48 patients with unstable angina and 20 control patients with active variant angina, in which severe myocardial ischemia is caused by occlusive coronary artery spasm. (ox.ac.uk)
The acute phase proteins (positive) are protein whose concentration increases in the plasma and after the disease episode is over then it decreases and may become normal. (labpedia.net)
In addition, the plasma PT and APTT levels were notably prolonged, the plasma fibrinogen, D-dimers and protein C concentrations were significantly increased. (cumhuriyet.edu.tr)
Orosomucoid ( ORM ) or alpha-1-acid glycoprotein ( α 1 AGp , [1] AGP or AAG ) is an acute phase ( acute phase protein ) plasma alpha-globulin glycoprotein and is modulated by two polymorphic genes. (wikipedia.org)
It is synthesized primarily in hepatocytes and has a normal plasma concentration between 0.6-1.2 mg/mL (1-3% plasma protein). (wikipedia.org)

The functions of the APP included protease inhibitors, enzymes, transport proteins, coagulation proteins, and modulators of the immune response. (deepdyve.com)
Pools of overlapping peptides from antigenic proteins for T-cell stimulation, T-cell expansion in T-cell assays such as ELISPOT, ICS or Flow Cytometry, e.g. for immune monitoring. (jpt.com)
Both proteins have been shown to participate in the immune response to endotoxins. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
Acute phase proteins ( APP ) are the cornerstone to the innate immune response. (miami.edu)
Adapter proteins participate in the immune response by acting as a bridge for enzymes in the signaling pathway needed to activate lymphocytes and initiate a response to an antigen. (tabers.com)

TNF-α is also an inducer of the acute phase response (APR), a complex series of reactions executed by the host in the immediate aftermath of injury, trauma, or infection. (ahajournals.org)
Early-Stage Bloodstream Infection Causes Changes in the Concentrations of Lipoproteins and Acute-Phase Proteins and Is Associated with Low Antibody Titers against Bacterial Virulence Factors. (physiciansweekly.com)
There are relatively few reports regarding the potential uses of acute phase proteins (APP) for the recognition of subclinical infection. (bvs-vet.org.br)
The aim of the study was to analyze acute phase protein and cathelicidin gene responses to small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infection in goats. (biomedcentral.com)

Under the influence of IL-1[beta], TNF-[alpha], and especially IL-6, and about 90 minutes after injury, protein synthesis is increased on hepatocytes, lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen as well as in blood leukocytes. (thefreelibrary.com)
SAA seems to be involved in circulating the main fibril protein of secondary amyloidosis and is associated with an increased level of metalloproteinase, collagen synthesis, and increased extracellular matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
Because APP are involved in the restoration of homeostasis, the adverse effect of low-CP diet on the synthesis of these proteins could be of concern. (deepdyve.com)
Two classes of acute phase proteins may be distinguished on the basis of their synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Neuroinflammation: Mechanisms and Management offers a remarkable new synthesis that will play a key role in developing the molecular targets now emerging in neuropharmacological drug design, and so lead to a new generation of drugs for neurologists to use in the treatment of a wide variety of both acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. (springer.com)
CONCLUSIONS Administration of low doses of glucocorticoids with a rather short biological half life seems to improve acute rheumatoid arthritis symptoms if it precedes the period of circadian flare in inflammatory activity, as defined by enhanced IL-6 synthesis. (bmj.com)
11 IL-6 is considered to be the cytokine largely responsible for inducing the synthesis of the acute phase proteins C reactive protein and serum amyloid protein A (SAA), 13-16 and is one of the major cytokines involved in bone resorption. (bmj.com)
There was a net increase in synthesis of both proteins when slices from control and experimental animals were used, the increase showing up in medium protein. (semanticscholar.org)

This observation, plus a report that Ang is synthesized in the adult liver, led us to investigate whether it can be regulated as an acute phase protein (APP). (nih.gov)
Increased acute-phase proteins from the liver may also contribute to the promotion of sepsis. (wikipedia.org)
C-reactive protein was expressed highly in the liver but minimal expression was noted in the lung (not affected by ozone in lung or liver). (epa.gov)
This study shows that major acute phase response genes are induced in the lung but not liver after ozone exposure suggesting that the role of lung could be substantial in producing systemic acute phase response after inhalation of pollutants. (epa.gov)
3 9 During the APR, liver cells and various epithelial cells respond to increasing levels of, among others, TNF-α by producing acute phase proteins, including α 1 -acid glycoprotein (AGP) and α 1 -antitrypsin (AAT). (ahajournals.org)
The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 has a dramatic impact on the secretion of acute-phase proteins by the liver and may result in a 10 to 100 fold increase in circulating CRP and SAA [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The acute phase proteins LPS binding protein (LBP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are produced by the liver and are present in the circulation. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
Furthermore, the results demonstrate that tissues other than the liver are involved in the acute phase response. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
Acute phase proteins are proteins that are synthesized in the liver and other organs in response to inflammatory stimuli and released into body fluids such as serum, milk [ 1 ], ovarian fluid [ 5 ] among others. (beds.ac.uk)

Here, we investigated the interplay of miR-17/92 and STAT3 signaling and its impact on the acute-phase response in primary human hepatocytes and hepatoma (HepG2) cells. (uzh.ch)
Our data reveal, for the first time, a microRNA-mediated positive feedback loop of IL-6 signal transduction leading to an enhanced acute-phase response in human hepatocytes. (uzh.ch)
The acute phase proteins used in diagnostic procedures are produced mainly by hepatocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation of LBP and SAA release by IEC and hepatocytes was typical for class 1 acute phase proteins, although differences in regulation between the cell types were observed. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)

All infected pigs developed sepsis characterized by fever, neutrophilia, increased serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6, and decreased levels of serum iron. (dtu.dk)
The figures and table below illustrate the serum levels of acute phase proteins in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated rats using ELISA kits manufactured by Life Diagnostics, Inc. Sprague Dawley (~200g) rats were injected (i.p.) with 1 mg/kg LPS in saline. (lifediagnostics.com)
The stress of weaning influences serum levels of acute-phase proteins, iron-binding proteins, inflammatory cytokines, cortisol, and leukocyte subsets in Holstein calves. (lifediagnostics.co.uk)
The normalization of the serum levels of these proteins is more rapid in the cases with favorable evolution. (elsevier.com)
Depressed women in perimenopause, when being compared to non-depressed women, did not differ as to serum levels of acute-phase proteins. (beds.ac.uk)

Amyloidosis is classified according to the protein that forms the amyloid fibrils and the clinical picture and symptoms can differ greatly between one amyloid type and another. (ucl.ac.uk)
Human serum amyloid A (SAA) protein: a prominent acute-phase reactant for clinical practice. (nih.gov)
p38 MAPK inhibitors, especially, have been developed and are now in phase II clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (bmj.com)
The Role of Acute Phase Proteins in Induction of Tension of Nonspecific Resistance System in Various Clinical Phenotypes of Myasthenia - Kalashnikova JV - Institute of General and Urgent Surgery, Kharkov, Ukraine. (alliedacademies.org)
It is very timely to study the influence of proteins of the acute phase as prerequisites for the phenomenon found of the tension of the non-specific resistance system in various clinical phenotypes of myasthenia gravis in order to further develop direct immunocorrection methods. (alliedacademies.org)
The objective of this work: to study the influence of acute phase proteins on the phagocytosis process in patients with various clinical phenotypes of myasthenia gravis. (alliedacademies.org)
The hypothesis of this article is: the role of proteins of the acute phase in the formation of the stress condition of the non-specific resistance system of patients with different clinical phenotypes of myasthenia gravis is essential and requires further study. (alliedacademies.org)
Analysis of the EKG recordings and blood parameters are under way, including detailed analyses of HRV and repolarization, and acute-phase proteins using methodology identical to the human clinical studies. (thefreedictionary.com)
BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with unstable angina. (ox.ac.uk)
Background: The acute phase response (APR) has been well documented for clinical infections. (bvs-vet.org.br)
Multivariate linear and logistic regression was used to study the association between acute-phase protein levels in relation to clinical, neuropsychiatric, cognitive, and psychotropic use characteristics in a cohort consisting of 122 HD mutation carriers and 42 controls at first biomarker measurement, and 85 HD mutation carriers and 32 controls at second biomarker measurement. (cdc.gov)
In clinical medicine the erythrocyte sedimentation rate or serum C-reactive protein level sometimes is used as a marker of increased amounts of acute-phase proteins. (tabers.com)
C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most frequently measured acute-phase proteins in clinical medicine. (beds.ac.uk)

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the presence of anti-heat shock protein 70 (anti-HSP70) antibodies during the acute phase of MD and to relate its presence to the antibody pattern. (tinnitusjournal.com)
The differences between this protein and antibodies in general have been reported previously by others. (rupress.org)
Relative levels of cytochrome P450 proteins were measured by Western blotting with IR-dye labelled antibodies. (springer.com)

This study was aimed to detect the level of acute phase reactant proteins (C3 , C4 and hsCRP) in T2DM patients. (edu.krd)

These proteins, collectively called acute-phase proteins, bind to bacteria and, by doing so, activate complement proteins that destroy the pathogen. (britannica.com)
A vegetarian diet can compensate for dietary protein deficiencies by combining vegetable groups that complement each other in their basic amino acid groups. (thefreedictionary.com)
Purified antigens might have contaminants, or might not contain the full complement of native proteins. (bmj.com)
Acute-phase proteins include C-reactive protein, several complement and coagulation factors, transport proteins, amyloid, and antiprotease enzymes. (tabers.com)
These proteins activate the complement system and opsonize exogenous organisms, such as bacteria. (beds.ac.uk)

In contrast, C-reactive protein (with a half-life of 6-8 hours) rises rapidly and can quickly return to within the normal range if treatment is employed. (wikipedia.org)
For example, in active systemic lupus erythematosus, one may find a raised ESR but normal C-reactive protein. (wikipedia.org)
It is as sensitive a marker for the acute-phase as C-reactive protein (CRP). (nih.gov)
We studied the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in 1,047 nondiabetic subjects in relation to incident diabetes within 5 years in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. (diabetesjournals.org)
In the present study, we investigated the relation of C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) to incident type 2 diabetes during a 5-year period in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). (diabetesjournals.org)
The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between acute phase proteins [High sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and prealbumin (PA)] and mortality in ventilated patients with COPD. (ersjournals.com)
C-reactive protein concentration, measured before and at 3 months after operation, was used as an index of the APPR. (nih.gov)
Two out of four cell lines produced C reactive protein (CRP), especially after combined IL6 and IL1β stimulation. (bmj.com)
0.05) in weight, body mass index (BMI) waist hip ratio, fasting blood sugar, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, triglyceride/high density lipoprotein (TG/HDLC), low density lipoprotein/ high density lipoprotein (LDLC/HDLC) and TC/HDLC in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients when compared with the controls. (ajol.info)
In the patients with MCTs, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1 acid glycoprotein levels increased, with a concurrent drop in serum amyloid A levels. (bmj.com)
We examined the reliability of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and WBC for diagnosis of infections during SE. (biomedcentral.com)
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase serum protein that has been shown to help protect the host from several bacterial pathogens, which it recognizes by binding to phosphorylcholine (PC) on their surfaces. (surrey.ac.uk)
For example, C-reactive protein (CRP) can increase as much as 1000-fold in humans and dogs but it increases by only 50% in rats. (lifediagnostics.com)
Serum interleukin-6, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in subjects with active Behçet's disease. (semanticscholar.org)
High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Is Associated With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study Diabetes Care. (edu.krd)
Increased concentration of C-reactive protein in obese patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity and presence of diabetes but not with macrovascular and microvascular complications or glycemic control. (edu.krd)
Modest and similar improvements of C reactive protein, serum amyloid protein A, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were seen in both study groups. (bmj.com)
216.5 μg/mL had higher rectal (P = 0.017) and vaginal temperature (P = 0.02) than sows with C-reactive protein ≤ 216.5 μg/mL. (fu-berlin.de)

3. Electrophoretic studies show that C antibody is in the gamma globulin fraction of serum whereas C protein migrates with the alpha 1 globulin fraction of acute phase protein. (rupress.org)

The present study was conducted to assess the value of serum concentration of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis and septic shock with respect to its ability to differentiate between infectious and noninfectious etiologies in SIRS and to predict prognosis. (biomedcentral.com)
LBP is a nonspecific marker of the acute phase response and cannot be used as a diagnostic tool for differentiating between infectious and noninfectious etiologies of SIRS. (biomedcentral.com)

This response is called the acute-phase reaction (also called acute-phase response). (wikipedia.org)
The acute-phase reaction characteristically involves fever, acceleration of peripheral leukocytes, circulating neutrophils and their precursors. (wikipedia.org)
As SE may lead to inflammatory reaction, the value of acute phase proteins and white blood cells (WBC) for diagnosis of infections during SE may be important. (biomedcentral.com)
1. Studies of the precipitation reaction of C polysaccharide with C protein, and of C polysaccharide with C antibody are reported. (rupress.org)

This is of particular interest because decreased insulin sensitivity has been linked to incident type 2 diabetes ( 8 ), as well as increased levels of inflammatory proteins ( 9 , 10 ) and markers of hemostasis ( 11 , 12 ) and fibrinolysis ( 11 , 13 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
and 3) a late acute stage, with low IgM levels but high A2M, CRP, anti-Gal, and specific IgG levels. (ajtmh.org)
Acute phase protein levels were evaluated using LDI ELISA kits. (lifediagnostics.com)
Similarly, Ss + individuals exhibited significantly diminished levels of LPS, sCD14, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, LPS binding protein and endotoxin IgG antibody and most of these levels increased significantly following therapy. (frontiersin.org)
CONCLUSIONS: The normal levels of CRP in variant angina, despite a significantly larger number of ischemic episodes and greater total ischemic burden, and the failure of CRP values to increase in unstable angina indicate that transient myocardial ischemia, within the range of duration observed, does not itself stimulate an appreciable acute-phase response. (ox.ac.uk)
Activated protein C levels in Behçet's disease and risk of venous thrombosis. (semanticscholar.org)
Protein levels of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the Cyp 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 3a and 4a subfamilies were also down-regulated. (springer.com)
Significant associations were found between acute-phase protein levels and Total Functioning Capacity (TFC) score, severity of apathy, cognitive impairment, and the use of antipsychotics. (cdc.gov)
The aim of the present study was to characterize changes in acute phase protein levels according to the occurrence of rotavirus diarrhea in calves in the first month of life . (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this study is to examine the levels of acute-phase response proteins and whether these levels are influenced by reproductive hormones and antidepressant medication in the perimenopausal depression. (beds.ac.uk)

These studies are now more feasible given newer assays to measure this acute-phase reactant. (nih.gov)
All acute phase protein assays are run daily Monday through Friday. (miami.edu)

The term amyloidosis describes a group of disorders caused by abnormal folding, aggregation and accumulation of certain proteins in the tissues, in an abnormal form known as amyloid deposits. (ucl.ac.uk)
These deposits are composed of abnormal protein fibres, the so‑called amyloid fibrils that accumulate more quickly than they are cleared away, and which progressively interfere with the structure and function of affected organs throughout the body. (ucl.ac.uk)
Normal healthy proteins are cleared away at about the same rate that they are produced, but proteins that have formed amyloid are broken down only very slowly. (ucl.ac.uk)
About 30 different proteins have been found to form amyloid in man, but only a few are associated with clinically significant disease. (ucl.ac.uk)
In this condition, amyloid deposits in the bones and joints are formed from a protein called β2‑microglobulin. (ucl.ac.uk)
Localised amyloid deposits composed of a protein called Aβ occur in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, but it is not known whether they are the cause of the disease. (ucl.ac.uk)
Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins comprise a family of apolipoproteins synthesized in response to cytokines released by activated monocytes/macrophages. (nih.gov)
Examples of the latter are LPS-binding protein (LBP) and serum amyloid A (SAA), both involved in the inflammatory response to LPS. (hycultbiotech.com)
Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and serum amyloid A secretion by human intestinal epithelial cells during the acute phase response. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
ABBR: APP An integral membrane protein concentrated at neuron synapses that is cleaved biochemically into components, one of which is the Alzheimer disease-associated beta amyloid. (tabers.com)

Functional analysis of gp130 in rat hepatoma cells by using transduced chimeric G-CSFR-gp130 receptor constructs demonstrates that SHP-2, the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase, acts as a negative regulator of the JAK/STAT signaling in part by downregulating JAK activity, thereby indirectly moderating the induction of STAT3-dependent APP genes. (asm.org)
As part of systemic inflammatory reactions, interleukin 6 (IL-6) induces acute phase protein (APP) genes through the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. (escholarship.org)

This report describes patient-oriented and non-human primate model studies to determine the effect of periodontal disease on systemic acute phase proteins (APP). (uthscsa.edu)

Therefore, it concluded that C. pseudotuberculosis and PLD can influence the level of acute phase proteins in goats. (biomedcentral.com)

In acute myocardial infarction. (labpedia.net)
All these proteins increased after myocardial infarction. (elsevier.com)

It is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from either defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. (ajol.info)

Studies have demonstrated close associations between obesity and increased circulating concentrations of proinflammatory molecules, including acute-phase proteins , cytokines, adipokines, and chemokines [3,4]. (thefreedictionary.com)

Modulation of hepatic acute phase gene expression by epidermal growth factor and Src protein tyrosine kinases in murine and human hepatic cells. (escholarship.org)
The gene encoding the QconCAT was synthesized and expressed as an isotope-labeled chimaeric protein in Escherichia coli. (jpt.com)
A protein that stimulates the expression of a gene. (tabers.com)

Anatomy7

Organisms8

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs42

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care4

Predominant immunoglobulin A response to phase II antigen of Coxiella burnetii in acute Q fever. (1/1561)

The STAT3-independent signaling pathway by glycoprotein 130 in hepatic cells. (2/1561)

Lipopolysaccharide stimulates HepG2 human hepatoma cells in the presence of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein via CD14. (3/1561)

Heme and acute inflammation role in vivo of heme in the hepatic expression of positive acute-phase reactants in rats. (4/1561)

Endotoxin interactions with lipopolysaccharide-responsive cells. (5/1561)

Lipopolysaccharide-coated erythrocytes activate human neutrophils via CD14 while subsequent binding is through CD11b/CD18. (6/1561)

Membrane-anchored forms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein do not mediate cellular responses to LPS independently of CD14. (7/1561)

Blood concentrations of pancreatitis associated protein in neonates: relevance to neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis. (8/1561)

Acute-Phase Proteins

Haptoglobins

Acute-Phase Reaction

Orosomucoid

Serum Amyloid A Protein

alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin

Turpentine

alpha 1-Antitrypsin

C-Reactive Protein

Serum Amyloid P-Component

Interleukin-6

Fibrinogen

Mycoplasma hyosynoviae

alpha-Macroglobulins

Ceruloplasmin

Blood Proteins

Dictyocaulus

Inflammation

Serum Albumin

Liver

Interleukin-1

Alpha-Globulins

Xerophthalmia

Protein Array Analysis

Prealbumin

Actinobacillus Infections

Housing, Animal

Albumins

Lipocalins

Complement C3

Time Factors

Biological Markers

Transferrin

Complement C4

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Lipopolysaccharides

Swine Diseases

Night Blindness

Cytokines

Vitamin A Deficiency

Blood Sedimentation

RNA, Messenger

STAT3 Transcription Factor

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Acute Disease

Cytokine Receptor gp130

Receptors, Interleukin-6

Dexamethasone

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Gene Expression Regulation

Interleukins

Endotoxins

Cattle

Leukocyte Count

Swine

Recombinant Proteins

Molecular Sequence Data

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Cattle Diseases

Inflammation Mediators

Cells, Cultured

Statistics, Nonparametric

Base Sequence

Hepatocytes

Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Monocytes

Glycosylation

Case-Control Studies

Gene Expression

Sepsis

Amino Acid Sequence

Protein Binding

Liver Neoplasms

Membrane Glycoproteins

Signal Transduction

Carrier Proteins

Proteins

Kinetics