Activin Receptors, Type II
Activin Receptors
Receptors for ACTIVINS are membrane protein kinases belonging to the family of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES, thus also named activin receptor-like kinases (ALK's). Activin receptors also bind TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA. As those transmembrane receptors of the TGF-beta superfamily (RECEPTORS, TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA), ALK's consist of two different but related protein kinases, Type I and Type II. Activins initiate cellular signal transduction by first binding to the type II receptors (ACTIVIN RECEPTORS, TYPE II ) which then recruit and phosphorylate the type I receptors (ACTIVIN RECEPTORS, TYPE I ) with subsequent activation of the type I kinase activity.
Activins
Activin Receptors, Type I
Myostatin
Inhibins
Glycoproteins that inhibit pituitary FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE secretion. Inhibins are secreted by the Sertoli cells of the testes, the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles, the placenta, and other tissues. Inhibins and ACTIVINS are modulators of FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE secretions; both groups belong to the TGF-beta superfamily, as the TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA. Inhibins consist of a disulfide-linked heterodimer with a unique alpha linked to either a beta A or a beta B subunit to form inhibin A or inhibin B, respectively
Inhibin-beta Subunits
Follistatin
A broadly distributed protein that binds directly to ACTIVINS. It functions as an activin antagonist, inhibits FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE secretion, regulates CELL DIFFERENTIATION, and plays an important role in embryogenesis. Follistatin is a single glycosylated polypeptide chain of approximately 37-kDa and is not a member of the inhibin family (INHIBINS). Follistatin also binds and neutralizes many members of the TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA family.
Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I
An interleukin-1 receptor subtype that is involved in signaling cellular responses to INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The binding of this receptor to its ligand causes its favorable interaction with INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ACCESSORY PROTEIN and the formation of an activated receptor complex.
Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta
Cell-surface proteins that bind transforming growth factor beta and trigger changes influencing the behavior of cells. Two types of transforming growth factor receptors have been recognized. They differ in affinity for different members of the transforming growth factor beta family and in cellular mechanisms of action.
Receptors, Growth Factor
Smad2 Protein
Receptors, Interleukin-1
Cell surface receptors that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-1. Included under this heading are signaling receptors, non-signaling receptors and accessory proteins required for receptor signaling. Signaling from interleukin-1 receptors occurs via interaction with SIGNAL TRANSDUCING ADAPTOR PROTEINS such as MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 88.
Transforming Growth Factor beta
A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I
A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype that has specificity for TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA and LYMPHOTOXIN ALPHA. It is constitutively expressed in most tissues and is a key mediator of tumor necrosis factor signaling in the vast majority of cells. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.
Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type II
An interleukin-1 receptor subtype that competes with the INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR TYPE I for binding to INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The interleukin-1 type II receptor appears to lack signal transduction capability. Therefore it may act as a "decoy" receptor that modulates the activity of its ligands. Both membrane-bound and soluble forms of the receptor have been identified.
Nodal Protein
The founding member of the nodal signaling ligand family of proteins. Nodal protein was originally discovered in the region of the mouse embryo primitive streak referred to as HENSEN'S NODE. It is expressed asymmetrically on the left side in chordates and plays a critical role in the genesis of left-right asymmetry during vertebrate development.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.
Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein
A protein that takes part in the formation of active interleukin-1 receptor complex. It binds specifically to INTERLEUKIN-1 and the INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR TYPE I at the cell surface to form a heterotrimeric complex that brings its cytoplasmic domain into contact with the cytoplasm domain of the TYPE-I INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR. Activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways from the receptor is believed to be driven by this form of cytoplasmic interaction.
Smad Proteins
A family of proteins that are involved in the translocation of signals from TGF-BETA RECEPTORS; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN RECEPTORS; and other surface receptors to the CELL NUCLEUS. They were originally identified as a class of proteins that are related to the mothers against decapentaplegic protein, Drosophila and sma proteins from CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.
Cells, Cultured
Interleukin-1
A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.
Gene Expression
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
Mink
Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I
Growth Differentiation Factors
Receptors, Cell Surface
Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Smad3 Protein
Mesoderm
Smad4 Protein
Sialoglycoproteins
Interferon Type I
Base Sequence
Scavenger Receptors, Class B
Growth Substances
In Situ Hybridization
Immunohistochemistry
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Embryonic Induction
Xenopus Proteins
Collagen Type I
Receptors, Scavenger
A large group of structurally diverse cell surface receptors that mediate endocytic uptake of modified LIPOPROTEINS. Scavenger receptors are expressed by MYELOID CELLS and some ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, and were originally characterized based on their ability to bind acetylated LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. They can also bind a variety of other polyanionic ligand. Certain scavenger receptors can internalize micro-organisms as well as apoptotic cells.
Trans-Activators
Glycoproteins
Xenopus
Cell Differentiation
Amino Acid Sequence
Mice, Knockout
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
Gene Expression Regulation
Granulosa Cells
Supporting cells for the developing female gamete in the OVARY. They are derived from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the OOCYTE in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the OVUM in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors (RECEPTORS, LH).
Antigens, CD36
Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.
Crystal structure of the cytoplasmic domain of the type I TGF beta receptor in complex with FKBP12. (1/587)
Activation of the type I TGFbeta receptor (TbetaR-I) requires phosphorylation of a regulatory segment known as the GS region, located upstream of the serine/threonine kinase domain in the cytoplasmic portion of the receptor. The crystal structure of a fragment of unphosphorylated TbetaR-I, containing both the GS region and the catalytic domain, has been determined in complex with the FK506-binding protein FKBP12. TbetaR-I adopts an inactive conformation that is maintained by the unphosphorylated GS region. FKBP12 binds to the GS region of the receptor, capping the TbetaR-II phosphorylation sites and further stabilizing the inactive conformation of TbetaR-I. Certain structural features at the catalytic center of TbetaR-I are characteristic of tyrosine kinases rather than Ser/Thr kinases. (+info)Transforming growth factor-beta induces formation of a dithiothreitol-resistant type I/Type II receptor complex in live cells. (2/587)
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) binds to and signals via two serine-threonine kinase receptors, the type I (TbetaRI) and type II (TbetaRII) receptors. We have used different and complementary techniques to study the physical nature and ligand dependence of the complex formed by TbetaRI and TbetaRII. Velocity centrifugation of endogenous receptors suggests that ligand-bound TbetaRI and TbetaRII form a heteromeric complex that is most likely a heterotetramer. Antibody-mediated immunofluorescence co-patching of epitope-tagged receptors provides the first evidence in live cells that TbetaRI. TbetaRII complex formation occurs at a low but measurable degree in the absence of ligand, increasing significantly after TGF-beta binding. In addition, we demonstrate that pretreatment of cells with dithiothreitol, which inhibits the binding of TGF-beta to TbetaRI, does not prevent formation of the TbetaRI.TbetaRII complex, but increases its sensitivity to detergent and prevents TGF-beta-activated TbetaRI from phosphorylating Smad3 in vitro. This indicates that either a specific conformation of the TbetaRI. TbetaRII complex, disrupted by dithiothreitol, or direct binding of TGF-beta to TbetaRI is required for signaling. (+info)Interaction of 5-lipoxygenase with cellular proteins. (3/587)
5-Lipoxygenase (5LO) plays a pivotal role in cellular leukotriene synthesis. To identify proteins interacting with human 5LO, we used a two-hybrid approach to screen a human lung cDNA library. From a total of 1.5 x 10(7) yeast transformants, nine independent clones representing three different proteins were isolated and found to specifically interact with 5LO. Four 1.7- to 1.8-kb clones represented a 16-kDa protein named coactosin-like protein for its significant homology with coactosin, a protein found to be associated with actin in Dictyostelium discoideum. Coactosin-like protein thus may provide a link between 5LO and the cytoskeleton. Two other yeast clones of 1.5 kb encoded transforming growth factor (TGF) type beta receptor-I-associated protein 1 partial cDNA. TGF type beta receptor-I-associated protein 1 recently has been reported to associate with the activated form of the TGF beta receptor I and may be involved in the TGF beta-induced up-regulation of 5LO expression and activity observed in HL-60 and Mono Mac 6 cells. Finally, three identical 2.1-kb clones contained the partial cDNA of a human protein with high homology to a hypothetical helicase K12H4. 8 from Caenorhabditis elegans and consequently was named DeltaK12H4. 8 homologue. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence revealed the presence of a RNase III motif and a double-stranded RNA binding domain, indicative of a protein of nuclear origin. The identification of these 5LO-interacting proteins provides additional approaches to studies of the cellular functions of 5LO. (+info)Dominant-negative Smad2 mutants inhibit activin/Vg1 signaling and disrupt axis formation in Xenopus. (4/587)
Smads are central mediators of signal transduction for the TGFbeta superfamily. However, the precise functions of Smad-mediated signaling pathways in early development are unclear. Here we demonstrate a requirement for Smad2 signaling in dorsoanterior axis formation during Xenopus development. Using two point mutations of Smad2 previously identified in colorectal carcinomas, we show that Smad2 ushers Smad4 to the nucleus to form a transcriptional activation complex with the nuclear DNA-binding protein FAST-1 and that the mutant proteins interact normally with FAST-1 but fail to recruit Smad4 into the nucleus. This mechanism of inhibition specifically restricts the dominant-negative activity of these mutants to the activin/Vg1 signaling pathway without inhibiting BMPs. Furthermore, expression of these mutants in Xenopus animal caps inhibits but does not abolish activin and Vg1 induction of mesoderm and in the embryo results in a truncated dorsoanterior axis. These studies define a mechanism through which mutations in Smad2 may block TGFbeta-dependent signaling and suggest a critical role for inductive signaling mediated by the Smad2 pathway in Xenopus organizer function. (+info)A short loop on the ALK-2 and ALK-4 activin receptors regulates signaling specificity but cannot account for all their effects on early Xenopus development. (5/587)
Activin, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, signals through a heteromeric complex of type I and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors. The two activin type I receptors previously identified, ALK-2 (ActR-I) and ALK-4 (ActR-IB), have distinct effects on gene expression, differentiation and morphogenesis in the Xenopus animal cap assay. ALK-4 reproduces the effects of activin treatment including the dose-dependent induction of progressively more dorso-anterior mesodermal and endodermal markers, whereas ALK-2 induces only ventral mesodermal markers and counteracts the effects of ALK-4. To identify regions of the receptors that determine signaling specificity we have generated chimeras of the constitutively active ALK-2 and ALK-4 receptors (termed ALK-2* and ALK-4*). The effects of these chimeric receptors on gene expression and morphogenetic movements implicate the loop between kinase subdomains IV and V in mediating the strong dorsal gene-inducing properties of ALK-4*; when the seven amino acids comprising this loop are transferred from ALK-4* to ALK-2*, the resulting chimeric receptor is capable of inducing the expression of dorsal-specific genes. In contrast, when the equivalent region of ALK-2* is transferred to the ALK-4* backbone it cannot effectively counteract the dorsalizing effects of ALK-4*, suggesting that other regions of type I receptors are also involved in determining signal specificity. (+info)TAKs, thylakoid membrane protein kinases associated with energy transduction. (6/587)
The phosphorylation of proteins within the eukaryotic photosynthetic membrane is thought to regulate a number of photosynthetic processes in land plants and algae. Both light quality and intensity influence protein kinase activity via the levels of reductants produced by the thylakoid electron transport chain. We have isolated a family of proteins called TAKs, Arabidopsis thylakoid membrane threonine kinases that phosphorylate the light harvesting complex proteins. TAK activity is enhanced by reductant and is associated with the photosynthetic reaction center II and the cytochrome b6f complex. TAKs are encoded by a gene family that has striking similarity to transforming growth factor beta receptors of metazoans. Thus thylakoid protein phosphorylation may be regulated by a cascade of reductant-controlled membrane-bound protein kinases. (+info)The type I serine/threonine kinase receptor ActRIA (ALK2) is required for gastrulation of the mouse embryo. (7/587)
ActRIA (or ALK2), one of the type I receptors of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, can bind both activin and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in conjunction with the activin and BMP type II receptors, respectively. In mice, ActRIA is expressed primarily in the extraembryonic visceral endoderm before gastrulation and later in both embryonic and extraembryonic cells during gastrulation. To elucidate its function in mouse development, we disrupted the transmembrane domain of ActRIA by gene targeting. We showed that embryos homozygous for the mutation were arrested at the early gastrulation stage, displaying abnormal visceral endoderm morphology and severe disruption of mesoderm formation. To determine in which germ layer ActRIA functions during gastrulation, we performed reciprocal chimera analyses. (1) Homozygous mutant ES cells injected into wild-type blastocysts were able to contribute to all three definitive germ layers in chimeric embryos. However, a high contribution of mutant ES cells in chimeras disrupted normal development at the early somite stage. (2) Consistent with ActRIA expression in the extraembryonic cells, wild-type ES cells failed to rescue the gastrulation defect in chimeras in which the extraembryonic ectoderm and visceral endoderm were derived from homozygous mutant blastocysts. Furthermore, expression of HNF4, a key visceral endoderm-specific transcription regulatory factor, was significantly reduced in the mutant embryos. Together, our results indicate that ActRIA in extraembryonic cells plays a major role in early gastrulation, whereas ActRIA function is also required in embryonic tissues during later development in mice. (+info)Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-dependent and -independent effects of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) on endochondral bone formation. (8/587)
Previously, we showed that expression of a dominant-negative form of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) type II receptor in skeletal tissue resulted in increased hypertrophic differentiation in growth plate and articular chondrocytes, suggesting a role for TGF-beta in limiting terminal differentiation in vivo. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has also been demonstrated to regulate chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Mice with targeted deletion of the PTHrP gene demonstrate increased endochondral bone formation, and misexpression of PTHrP in cartilage results in delayed bone formation due to slowed conversion of proliferative chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes. Since the development of skeletal elements requires the coordination of signals from several sources, this report tests the hypothesis that TGF-beta and PTHrP act in a common signal cascade to regulate endochondral bone formation. Mouse embryonic metatarsal bone rudiments grown in organ culture were used to demonstrate that TGF-beta inhibits several stages of endochondral bone formation, including chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophic differentiation, and matrix mineralization. Treatment with TGF-beta1 also stimulated the expression of PTHrP mRNA. PTHrP added to cultures inhibited hypertrophic differentiation and matrix mineralization but did not affect cell proliferation. Furthermore, terminal differentiation was not inhibited by TGF-beta in metatarsal rudiments from PTHrP-null embryos; however, growth and matrix mineralization were still inhibited. The data support the model that TGF-beta acts upstream of PTHrP to regulate the rate of hypertrophic differentiation and suggest that TGF-beta has both PTHrP-dependent and PTHrP-independent effects on endochondral bone formation. (+info)
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SB-431542 Is a Potent and Specific Inhibitor of Transforming Growth Factor-β Superfamily Type I Activin Receptor-Like Kinase ...
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ACVRL1
Akt Inhibitor A-443654 Interferes with Mitotic Progression
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Targeted inhibition of activin receptor-like kinase 5 signaling attenuates cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction.
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ACVR2B
Activin receptor type-2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACVR2B gene. ACVR2B is an activin type 2 receptor. ... and type II receptors are required for binding ligands and for expression of type I receptors. Type I and II receptors form a ... This gene encodes activin A type IIB receptor, which displays a 3- to 4-fold higher affinity for the ligand than activin A type ... resulting in phosphorylation of type I receptors by type II receptors. Type II receptors are considered to be constitutively ...
ACVR2A
... is an activin type 2 receptor. This gene encodes activin A type II receptor. Activins are dimeric growth and ... and type II receptors are required for binding ligands and for expression of type I receptors. Type I and II receptors form a ... resulting in phosphorylation of type I receptors by type II receptors. Type II receptors are considered to be constitutively ... "Truncated activin type II receptors inhibit bioactivity by the formation of heteromeric complexes with activin type I. ...
Mir-24 microRNA precursor family
January 2008). "MicroRNA miR-24 inhibits erythropoiesis by targeting activin type I receptor ALK4". Blood. 111 (2): 588-95. doi ...
BMPR1B
"Characterization of type I receptors for transforming growth factor-beta and activin". Science. 264 (5155): 101-4. Bibcode: ... kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in ... the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors ... Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B also known as CDw293 (cluster of differentiation w293) is a protein that in humans ...
Myostatin
2020 scientists reported that suppressing activin type 2 receptors-signalling proteins myostatin and activin A via activin A/ ... A two-week treatment of normal mice with soluble activin type IIB receptor, a molecule that is normally attached to cells and ... Myostatin binds to the activin type II receptor, resulting in a recruitment of either coreceptor Alk-3 or Alk-4. This ... Treating progeric mice with soluble activin receptor type IIB before the onset of premature ageing signs appear to protects ...
ACVRL1
"Identification of human activin and TGF beta type I receptors that form heteromeric kinase complexes with type II receptors". ... It is also known as activin receptor-like kinase 1, or ALK1. This gene encodes a type I cell-surface receptor for the TGF-beta ... "Entrez Gene: ACVRL1 activin A receptor type II-like 1". Olivieri C, Mira E, Delù G, Pagella F, Zambelli A, Malvezzi L, ... "Mutations in the activin receptor-like kinase 1 gene in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2". Nature Genetics. 13 (2 ...
ACVR1
... resulting in phosphorylation of type I receptors by type II receptors. This gene encodes activin A type I receptor which ... and type II receptors are required for binding ligands and for expression of type I receptors. Type I and II receptors form a ... Activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ACVR1 gene; also known as ALK-2 (activin ... Activins signal through a heteromeric complex of receptor serine kinases which include at least two type I ( I and IB) and two ...
MAGI2
"Identification and characterization of a PDZ protein that interacts with activin type II receptors". J Biol Chem. 275 (8): 5485 ... 2003). "PKC regulates the delta2 glutamate receptor interaction with S-SCAM/MAGI-2 protein". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 301 ... 2001). "beta 1-adrenergic receptor association with the synaptic scaffolding protein membrane-associated guanylate kinase ... inverted-2 (MAGI-2). Differential regulation of receptor internalization by MAGI-2 and PSD-95". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (44): 41310- ...
C19orf18
Activin A receptor type 2A (ACVR2A) is a transmembrane receptor that is involved in ligand-binding and mediates the functions ... "ACVR2A activin A receptor type 2A [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". Gene. Bock, J B; Klumperman, J; Davanger, S; Scheller ... Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A(BMPR1A) is expressed almost exclusively in skeletal muscle and is a transcriptional ... Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) plays an essential role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation, ...
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Normally, the ACVR1 gene encodes the activin receptor type-1 transmembrane kinase that bind BMP receptors (Type I BMPR and Type ... ACVR1 encodes activin receptor type-1, a BMP type-1 receptor. The mutation causes substitution of codon 206 from arginine to ... Lin, Shuxian; Svoboda, Kathy K. H.; Feng, Jian Q.; Jiang, Xinquan (5 April 2016). "The biological function of type I receptors ... Fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) may be the disease-causing cell type responsible for activin A dependent ectopic bone ...
ACVR1C
2004). "Activin isoforms signal through type I receptor serine/threonine kinase ALK7". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 220 (1-2): 59-65 ... 2001). "The orphan receptor ALK7 and the Activin receptor ALK4 mediate signaling by Nodal proteins during vertebrate ... "SB-431542 is a potent and specific inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily type I activin receptor-like kinase ... The activin A receptor also known as ACVR1C or ALK-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACVR1C gene. ACVR1C is a ...
TGF beta 1
"Determination of type I receptor specificity by the type II receptors for TGF-beta or activin". Science. 262 (5135): 900-2. ... Oh SP, Seki T, Goss KA, Imamura T, Yi Y, Donahoe PK, Li L, Miyazono K, ten Dijke P, Kim S, Li E (March 2000). "Activin receptor ... Choy L, Derynck R (November 1998). "The type II transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor-interacting protein TRIP-1 acts ... It can also decrease the expression levels of cytokine receptors, such as the IL-2 receptor to down-regulate the activity of ...
BMPR1A
... and BMPR1B and the type II receptor BMPR2. These receptors are also closely related to the activin receptors, ACVR1 and ACVR2. ... kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in ... the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors ... "Human type II receptor for bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs): extension of the two-kinase receptor model to the BMPs". Mol. Cell ...
Frederick Kaplan
The cause of the disease was traced to a single mutation in the activin A receptor, type I gene. After the discovery, Kaplan ... "A recurrent mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 causes inherited and sporadic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva". ... "A recurrent mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 causes inherited and sporadic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva". ...
ACVR1B
... resulting in phosphorylation of type I receptors by type II receptors. This gene encodes activin A type IB receptor, composed ... and type II receptors are required for binding ligands and for expression of type I receptors. Type I and II receptors form a ... "Truncated activin type II receptors inhibit bioactivity by the formation of heteromeric complexes with activin type I. ... "Truncated activin type II receptors inhibit bioactivity by the formation of heteromeric complexes with activin type I. ...
Cripto
Crypto is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored co-receptor that binds nodal and the activin type I ActRIB (ALK)-4 receptor ( ... In the Nodal signaling pathway of embryonic development, Cripto has been shown to have dual function as a co-receptor as well ... Cryptic family protein 1B acts as a receptor for the TGF beta signaling pathway. It has been associated with the translation of ... The high expression of Cripto-1 was detected in many types of cancer such as pancreatic, breast and colon cancer. The high ...
RALBP1
"Regulation of endocytosis of activin type II receptors by a novel PDZ protein through Ral/Ral-binding protein 1-dependent ... involvement of the Ral pathway in receptor endocytosis" (PDF). J. Cell Sci. 113 (16): 2837-44. doi:10.1242/jcs.113.16.2837. ...
SYNJ2BP
"Regulation of endocytosis of activin type II receptors by a novel PDZ protein through Ral/Ral-binding protein 1-dependent ... "Novel factors in regulation of activin signaling". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 225 (1-2): 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.mce. ... "Novel factors in regulation of activin signaling". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 225 (1-2): 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.mce. ... "Interactions of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family with cytosolic adaptor and scaffold proteins suggest diverse ...
REPS2
"Regulation of endocytosis of activin type II receptors by a novel PDZ protein through Ral/Ral-binding protein 1-dependent ... The product of this gene is part of a protein complex that regulates the endocytosis of growth factor receptors. The encoded ... Its expression can negatively affect receptor internalization and inhibit growth factor signaling. Multiple transcript variants ... "Epsin binds to the EH domain of POB1 and regulates receptor-mediated endocytosis". Oncogene. 18 (43): 5915-22. doi:10.1038/sj. ...
Three-finger protein
... such as the activin type 2 receptor; and bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA. Other LU domain proteins are small ... "Three-finger toxin fold for the extracellular ligand-binding domain of the type II activin receptor serine kinase". Nature ... Ploug M, Ellis V (August 1994). "Structure-function relationships in the receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator. ... Other receptors with LU domains include members of the transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGF-beta) superfamily, ...
LU domain
... such as the activin type 2 receptor; and bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA. Other LU domain proteins are small ... "Three-finger toxin fold for the extracellular ligand-binding domain of the type II activin receptor serine kinase". Nature ... Besides uPAR, other receptors with LU domains include members of the transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGF-beta) ... "Localization of the disulfide bonds in the NH2-terminal domain of the cellular receptor for human urokinase-type plasminogen ...
Eileen Shore
The cause of the disease was traced to a single mutation in the activin A receptor, type I gene. Once the cause of the disease ... "A recurrent mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 causes inherited and sporadic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva". ... "A recurrent mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 causes inherited and sporadic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva". ... "A recurrent mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 causes inherited and sporadic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva". ...
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2
This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal from the activin. ... Lebrun JJ, Takabe K, Chen Y, Vale W (January 1999). "Roles of pathway-specific and inhibitory Smads in activin receptor ... This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA ... O'Neill TJ, Zhu Y, Gustafson TA (April 1997). "Interaction of MAD2 with the carboxyl terminus of the insulin receptor but not ...
Acceleron Pharma
ACE-011 was a chimeric protein, created by fusing the binding portion of the activin type 2 receptors to part of an antibody; ... a protein therapeutic that was an activin type 2 receptor antagonist intended to treat bone loss. ... the resulting protein binds to activin and prevents it from acting. Knopf took over as CEO in 2007. He became known for showing ...
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7
It is a TGFβ type 1 receptor antagonist. It blocks TGFβ1 and activin associating with the receptor, blocking access to SMAD2. ... By occupying type I receptors for Activin and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), it also plays a role in negative feedback of ... "Smurf1 interacts with transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor through Smad7 and induces receptor degradation". J. Biol ... Lebrun JJ, Takabe K, Chen Y, Vale W (January 1999). "Roles of pathway-specific and inhibitory Smads in activin receptor ...
Follistatin
... activin complex reveals antagonism of both type I and type II receptor binding". Developmental Cell. 9 (4): 535-543. doi: ... Walsh S, Metter EJ, Ferrucci L, Roth SM (June 2007). "Activin-type II receptor B (ACVR2B) and follistatin haplotype ... Lambert-Messerlian G, Eklund E, Pinar H, Tantravahi U, Schneyer AL (2007). "Activin subunit and receptor expression in normal ... In the blood, activin and follistatin are both known to be involved in the inflammatory response following tissue injury or ...
Beta thalassemia
It consists of a modified extra-cellular domain of human activin receptor type IIB bound to the Fc portion of the human IgG1 ... Family studies can be done to evaluate carrier status and the types of mutations present in other family members. DNA testing ... As with about half of all hereditary diseases, an inherited mutation damages the assembly of the messenger-type RNA (mRNA) that ... type. Serum ferritin (the storage form of iron) is routinely measured in those with beta thalassemia to determine the degree of ...
Nodal signaling pathway
In the cell surface Dapper2 tightly binds to the active form of the activin type 1 receptors and targets the receptor for ... Activation of the Nodal pathway involves nodal binding to activin and activin-like receptors which leads to phosphorylation of ... The binding of Nodal proteins to activin or activin-like serine/threonine kinase receptors results in the phosphorylation of ... Somehow the reduction of activin receptors would lead to the decrease in activity of different TGFb pathways. Smad proteins are ...
GDF2
... also known has Activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1), and the other type II receptors BMPRII and ActRIIA. GDF2 and BMP10 are the ... and activin type II receptors balance BMP9 signals mediated by activin receptor-like kinase-1 in human pulmonary artery ... The physiological receptor of GDF2 is activin receptor-like kinase 1, ALK1 (also called ACVRL1), an endothelial-specific type I ... start with a ligand binding with a high affinity type I receptor (ALK1-7) followed by the recruitment of a type II receptor( ...
Transforming growth factor beta
"SB-431542 Is a Potent and Specific Inhibitor of Transforming Growth Factor-β Superfamily Type I Activin Receptor-Like Kinase ( ... TGF-β receptors are composed of both type 1 and type 2 receptor subunits. After the binding of TGF-β, the type 2 receptor ... the type 2 receptor kinase phosphorylates and activates the type 1 receptor kinase that activates a signaling cascade. In the ... The type 1 receptor then recruits and phosphorylates a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD). The R-SMAD then binds to the common ...
Kortikotropin-oslobađajući hormon - Википедија
2000). „Effects of a novel corticotropin-releasing-hormone receptor type I antagonist on human adrenal function". Mol. ... and activin A". Steroids. 68 (10-13): 801-7. PMID 14667971. doi:10.1016/S0039-128X(03)00137-5.. ... 1999). „A novel spliced variant of the type 1 corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor with a deletion in the seventh ... 1997). „Localization of ligand-binding domains of human corticotropin-releasing factor receptor: a chimeric receptor approach ...
MECOM
The downstream effectors of TGF-β are the Smad receptors (also known as receptor-activated Smads). Smad2 and Smad3 are ... As of 2006, Phase I and II clinical trials were being conducted to test this compound on a wide variety of cancer types, and ... and activin are involved in regulating important cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and ... It appears to depend on the specific cell type, cell line and growth conditions being used as to whether EVI1 expression ...
Follicle-stimulating hormone
It is expressed in two cell types, most notably the basophils of the anterior pituitary. The gene for the FSH beta subunit is ... FSH enhances the production of androgen-binding protein by the Sertoli cells of the testes by binding to FSH receptors on their ... and enhanced by activin. FSH regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes of the human ... This presents possible use of FSH and FSH-receptor antagonists as an anti-tumor angiogenesis therapy (cf. avastin for current ...
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
"A novel spliced variant of the type 1 corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor with a deletion in the seventh transmembrane ... and activin A". Steroids. 68 (10-13): 801-807. doi:10.1016/S0039-128X(03)00137-5. PMID 14667971. S2CID 20953018. Vamvakopoulos ... Corticotropin-releasing hormone has been shown to interact with its receptors corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRFR1 ... "Effects of a novel corticotropin-releasing-hormone receptor type I antagonist on human adrenal function". Molecular Psychiatry ...
Activin type 2 receptors
A ligand binds to a type 2 receptor, which recruits and trans-phosphorylates a type I receptor. The type I receptor recruits a ... The activin type 2 receptors belong to a larger TGF-beta receptor family and modulate signals for transforming growth factor ... inhibin/activin betaA and betaB and the activin type II and inhibin beta-glycan receptors in the developing human testis". ... There are two activin type two receptors: ACVR2A and ACVR2B. Despite the large amount of processes that these ligands regulate ...
GW-788,388
Tan SM, Zhang Y, Connelly KA, Gilbert RE, Kelly DJ (May 2010). "Targeted inhibition of activin receptor-like kinase 5 signaling ... March 2008). "Oral administration of GW788388, an inhibitor of TGF-beta type I and II receptor kinases, decreases renal ... and orally active transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor inhibitor". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 49 (7): 2210-2221 ... Lho Y, Do JY, Heo JY, Kim AY, Kim SW, Kang SH (April 2021). "Effects of TGF-β1 Receptor Inhibitor GW788388 on the Epithelial to ...
Biochemical cascade
Therefore, there are four main transmembrane receptor types: G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), tyrosine kinase receptors ( ... Activin and Nodal ligands bind to their receptors and activate Smads that bind to DNA and promote gene transcription. Activin ... PAR1 and PAR4 receptors), platelet-derived thromboxane A2 (TxA2) (TP receptor) and ADP (P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors) that is ... There are two main types of purinergic receptors, P1 binding to adenosine, and P2 binding to ATP or ADP, presenting different ...
Luspatercept
... is a recombinant fusion protein derived from human activin receptor type IIb (ActRIIb) linked to a protein derived ...
Germline development
Lee, JH; Park, JW; Kim, SW; Park, J; Park, TS (15 December 2017). "C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is a key receptor ... that are cultured for two days in the presence of FGF and Activin-A to adopt an epiblast-like state. These cells are then ... the germ plasm does not irreversibly commit these cells to produce gametes and no other cell type. The first phase of migration ... and no other cell type. On arrival at the gonads, human and mouse PGCs activate widely conserved germ cell-specific factors, ...
FNTA
1996). "Interaction of the transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor with farnesyl-protein transferase-alpha". J. Biol. ... 1996). "The p21(RAS) farnesyltransferase alpha subunit in TGF-beta and activin signaling". Science. 271 (5252): 1120-2. Bibcode ... "Interaction of the transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor with farnesyl-protein transferase-alpha". J. Biol. Chem. ... Protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type-1 subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FNTA ...
Synaptic plasticity
... stimulating the production of a modified receptor type, thereby facilitating an influx of calcium. This in turn increases post- ... Genes such as activin ß-A, which encodes a subunit of activin A, are up-regulated during early stage LTP. The activin molecule ... In a dynamic process that is maintained in equilibrium, N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) and AMPA receptors are ... Changes in synaptic strength involve distinct mechanisms of particular types of glial cells, the most researched type being ...
NK2 homeobox 1
NKX2.1 can be induced by activin A via SMAD2 signaling in a human embryonic stem cell differentiation model. NKX2.1 is key to ... TTF-1 positive cells are found in the lung as type II pneumocytes and club cells. In the thyroid, follicular and parafollicular ... Yan C, Naltner A, Conkright J, Ghaffari M (June 2001). "Protein-protein interaction of retinoic acid receptor alpha and thyroid ... Naltner A, Wert S, Whitsett JA, Yan C (December 2000). "Temporal/spatial expression of nuclear receptor coactivators in the ...
Anti-Müllerian hormone
AMH binds to its Type 2 receptor AMHR2, which phosphorylates a type I receptor under the TGF beta signaling pathway. In male ... and activin A in follicular fluid in IVF/ICSI patients for assessing the maturation and developmental potential of oocytes". ... anti-Müllerian hormone receptors). The best-known and most specific effect, mediated through the AMH type II receptors, ... Mutations in both the AMH gene and the type II AMH receptor have been shown to cause the persistence of Müllerian derivatives ...
MAP3K1
April 1998). "hUBC9 associates with MEKK1 and type I TNF-alpha receptor and stimulates NFkappaB activity". FEBS Letters. 425 (3 ... September 2003). "A role for MEK kinase 1 in TGF-beta/activin-induced epithelium movement and embryonic eyelid closure". The ... TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRs), T-cell receptor (TCR), Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and TGF beta receptor (TGFβR ... September 2006). "Key function for the Ubc13 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in immune receptor signaling". Nature Immunology. ...
INHBC
2003). "Inhibin, activin, follistatin, activin receptors and beta-glycan gene expression in the placental tissue of patients ... as well as growth and differentiation of various cell types. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175189 - Ensembl, May 2017 ... Mathews LS, Vale WW (1991). "Expression cloning of an activin receptor, a predicted transmembrane serine kinase". Cell. 65 (6 ... 2003). "Activin betaC-subunit heterodimers provide a new mechanism of regulating activin levels in the prostate". Endocrinology ...
BAMBI
This gene encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein related to the type I receptors of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta ... BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor homolog (Xenopus laevis), also known as BAMBI, is a protein which in humans is encoded ... "Entrez Gene: BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor homolog (Xenopus laevis)". Degen WG, Weterman MA, van Groningen JJ, ... 2008). "The pseudoreceptor BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor positively modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling". J. Biol. ...
TGF beta signaling pathway
In mammals there are seven known type I receptors and five type II receptors. There are three activins: Activin A, Activin B ... It can then either form a receptor complex with activin A receptor, type IB (ACVR1B) or with activin A receptor, type IC ( ... TGFβ superfamily ligands bind to a type II receptor, which recruits and phosphorylates a type I receptor. The type I receptor ... They bind to TGF-beta receptor type-2 (TGFBR2). Nodal binds to activin A receptor, type IIB ACVR2B. ...
Induced stem cells
A cocktail of small molecules, Y-27632, A-83-01 (a TGFβ kinase/activin receptor like kinase (ALK5) inhibitor), and CHIR99021 ( ... August 2012). "Small molecule-mediated TGF-β type II receptor degradation promotes cardiomyogenesis in embryonic stem cells". ... SB-431542 is an inhibitor of activin/TGF- pathways by blocking phosphorylation of ALK4, ALK5 and ALK7 receptors.) These iPS- ... which effectively clears the cell surface from TGF-β receptor type II and selectively inhibits intracellular TGF-β signaling. ...
GDF11
... can bind type I TGF-beta superfamily receptors ACVR1B (ALK4), TGFBR1 (ALK5) and ACVR1C (ALK7), but predominantly uses ... Rodgers, B.; Ward, C. (2022). "Myostatin/Activin Receptor Ligands In Muscle And The Development Status Of Attenuating Drugs". ... This cytokine also inhibits the proliferation of olfactory receptor neural progenitors to regulate the number of neurons in the ... Schneyer AL, Sidis Y, Gulati A, Sun JL, Keutmann H, Krasney PA (September 2008). "Differential antagonism of activin, myostatin ...
Timeline of biotechnology
Scientists report that suppressing activin type 2 receptors-signalling proteins myostatin and activin A via activin A/myostatin ... 0 Researchers present a bioprinting method to produce steak-like cultured meat, composed of three types of bovine cell fibers. ... 0 Researchers report that a mix of microorganisms from cow stomachs could break down three types of plastics. 0 Researchers ... about twice those of wild type due to genetic engineering for targeted deletion of the myostatin gene - under microgravity. 18 ...
TGFBR3
2001). "Type III TGF-β receptor-independent signalling of TGF-β2 via TβRII-B, an alternatively spliced TGF-β type II receptor ... 2000). "Betaglycan binds inhibin and can mediate functional antagonism of activin signalling". Nature. 404 (6776): 411-4. ... "Assignment of human transforming growth factor-beta type I and type III receptor genes (TGFBR1 and TGFBR3) to 9q33-q34 and 1p32 ... Functional modulation of type III TGF-beta receptor expression through interaction with the PDZ domain protein, GIPC". J. Biol ...
Hypogonadism
There are many possible types of hypogonadism and several ways to categorize them. Hypogonadism is also categorized by ... Clomifene blocks estrogen from binding to some estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, thereby causing an increased release of ... activin, and inhibin. Sperm development (spermatogenesis) and release of the egg from the ovaries (ovulation) may be impaired ... Clomifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Generally, clomifene does not have adverse effects at the doses ...
Activin type 2 receptors - Wikipedia
A ligand binds to a type 2 receptor, which recruits and trans-phosphorylates a type I receptor. The type I receptor recruits a ... The activin type 2 receptors belong to a larger TGF-beta receptor family and modulate signals for transforming growth factor ... inhibin/activin betaA and betaB and the activin type II and inhibin beta-glycan receptors in the developing human testis". ... There are two activin type two receptors: ACVR2A and ACVR2B. Despite the large amount of processes that these ligands regulate ...
ACVR2B activin A receptor type 2B [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
Activin Type IIB Receptor. pfam01064. Location:41 → 110. Activin_recp; Activin types I and II receptor domain. ... Activin Type IIB Receptor. pfam01064. Location:47 → 116. Activin_recp; Activin types I and II receptor domain. ... Activin Type IIB Receptor. pfam01064. Location:48 → 138. Activin_recp; Activin types I and II receptor domain. ... activin receptor type-2B. Names. activin A receptor, type IIB. NP_001097.2. *EC 2.7.11.30 ...
Activin Receptors, Type I | Profiles RNS
One of the two types of ACTIVIN RECEPTORS or activin receptor-like kinases (ALKS). There are several type I activin receptors ... In the absence of type III receptor, the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta type II-B receptor requires the type I receptor ... "Activin Receptors, Type I" by people in this website by year, and whether "Activin Receptors, Type I" was a major or minor ... "Activin Receptors, Type I" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ...
Inhibition of the Activin Receptor Type-2B Pathway Restores Regenerative Capacity in Satellite Cell-Depleted Skeletal Muscle -...
Inhibition of the Activin Receptor Type-2B Pathway Restores Regenerative Capacity in Satellite Cell-Depleted Skeletal Muscle. ... Treatment of these mice with an Activin receptor type-2B (AcvR2B) pathway blocker reverses muscle fiber atrophy as expected, ... For all other types of cookies we need your permission. This site uses different types of cookies. Some cookies are placed by ...
MedlinePlus: Genes
Osler-Weber-Rendu Disease (Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination,...
Mutations in the activin receptor-like kinase 1 gene in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2. Nat Genet. 1996 Jun. 13 ... ENG mutations of HHT type 1 are associated with a 30% incidence of pulmonary AVM, compared with 3% for HHT type 2 ALK1 ... Identification of BMP9 and BMP10 as functional activators of the orphan activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) in endothelial ... Choi EJ, Chen W, Jun K, Arthur HM, Young WL, Su H. Novel brain arteriovenous malformation mouse models for type 1 hereditary ...
Osler-Weber-Rendu Disease (Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination,...
Mutations in the activin receptor-like kinase 1 gene in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2. Nat Genet. 1996 Jun. 13 ... ENG mutations of HHT type 1 are associated with a 30% incidence of pulmonary AVM, compared with 3% for HHT type 2 ALK1 ... Identification of BMP9 and BMP10 as functional activators of the orphan activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) in endothelial ... Choi EJ, Chen W, Jun K, Arthur HM, Young WL, Su H. Novel brain arteriovenous malformation mouse models for type 1 hereditary ...
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (PAVM) Differential Diagnoses
The role of activin type I receptors in activin A-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in mouse B-cell hybridoma cells<...
Activins transduce their signals by binding to activin type I receptors and activin type II receptors, both of which contain a ... N2 - Activins transduce their signals by binding to activin type I receptors and activin type II receptors, both of which ... AB - Activins transduce their signals by binding to activin type I receptors and activin type II receptors, both of which ... abstract = "Activins transduce their signals by binding to activin type I receptors and activin type II receptors, both of ...
GO terms
Momelotinib dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
SMART: STYKc domain annotation
Crystal structure of Activin receptor type II kinase domain from human. 2rio. Structure of the dual enzyme Ire1 reveals the ... TGF-beta Receptor type 1 in complex with SB431542. 3uim. Structural basis for the impact of phosphorylation on plant receptor- ... Crystal structure of Activin receptor type-IIA (ACVR2A) kinase domain in complex with a beta-carboline inhibitor. ... Crystal structure of Activin receptor type-IIA (ACVR2A) kinase domain in complex with a quinazolin. ...
Cell Journal
Mutation Detection in Activin A Receptor, Type I (ACVR1) Gene in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva in An Iranian Family ... The mutation c.617G,A in the Activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1) gene was found in all previously reported patients with FOP. ... An agonist of this receptor (GCS) decreases the cytotoxcity of MDMA, while the antagonist of this receptor (SCH) increases its ... The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nu- clear receptor proteins whose functions as ...
Results for 'Excretory system development' | Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits...
Activin Receptor Type IA+Activin (1). * BMP4+VEGF Receptor 2+VEGF Receptor 1+TGF beta Receptor I+AMPK alpha 1+AMPK alpha 2+ ... BMP4+VEGF Receptor 2+TGF beta Receptor I+BMPR1A+BMPR1B+BMPR2+ALK-1+ ... By product type. Primary antibodies. Secondary antibodies. ELISA and Matched Antibody Pair Kits. Cell and tissue imaging tools ... By product type. Proteomics tools. Agonists, activators, antagonists and inhibitors. Cell lines and Lysates. Multiplex miRNA ...
Palovarotene Inhibits Heterotopic Ossification and Maintains Limb Mobility and Growth in Mice With the Human ACVR1(R206H)...
Activin Receptors, Type I Grant support * P30 AR069619/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States ... Most FOP patients carry an activating mutation in a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor gene, ACVR1(R206H) , that ... We showed previously that the retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ) agonist palovarotene effectively inhibited HO in injury-induced ... Keywords: ACVR1; FIBRODYSPLASIA OSSIFICANS PROGRESSIVA (FOP); HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION; PALOVAROTENE; RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR ( ...
Current version of study NCT04896008 on ClinicalTrials.gov
JCI -
Muscular atrophy of caveolin-3-deficient mice is rescued by myostatin inhibition
... a type II serine/threonine kinase receptor (19). This, in turn, activates the type I serine/threonine kinase receptor activin ... Nonstandard abbreviations used: ActRIIB, activin receptor IIB; ALK4, activin receptor-like kinase 4; Cav3P104L mice, Tg mice ... Bands corresponding to phosphorylated type I receptor (in vitro kinase assay), total type I receptor (α-HA), and caveolin-3 (α- ... We detected coprecipitation of caveolin-3 with type I receptors and, conversely, type I receptors with caveolin-3 by ...
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic family receptor-like
Ret is not expressed in body wall muscles , and Mav is likely to be signaling through activin/BMP type 1 receptors. A Mav ... Function - receptor Keywords - oogenesis, spermatogenesis, CNS, PNS, FasII receptor Symbol - Gfrl FlyBase ID: FBgn0262869 ... Mav and Panda both lack a key leucine residue, so their binding to type 1 receptors might be weaker than other ligands. ... affinity or specificity for GFRs and additional changes might have prevented crosstalk with Activin/BMP type 1 receptors. Mav ...
FGF23 and syndromes of abnormal renal phosphate handling. - Post - Orthobullets
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Recent Advances in Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery for Diabetes Mellitus Using Induced Pluripotent...
... have the capacity to differentiate into any cell type, including insulin-secreting pancreatic β cells, highlighting its ... activin receptor-like kinase 2, also known as ACVR1 (activing A receptor, type I) or ACVRLK2), ALK3 (activin receptor-like ... In mammals there are seven known type I receptors and five type II receptors. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor- ... activin receptor-like kinase 5, also known as TGFR-1 (transforming growth factor, β receptor I) or ACVRLK4 (activing receptor ...
Geisha
... activin receptor type-2B,activin A receptor, type IIB,activin receptor type 2B,activin receptor type IIB, Activin receptor type ... activin A receptor type 2B. The human orthologue of this gene is associated. with the following human disease:*Heterotaxy, ... ATP binding, metal ion binding, receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity, more...transforming growth factor ...
Quadriceps Muscle | Profiles RNS
MBS494601 | Serotonin RIA | MyBiosource
Advances in exercise, fitness, and performance genomics in 2011
Exploring the higher risk of heart failure in aging
In a paper published in Science Translational Medicine, "Activin type II receptor signaling in cardiac aging and heart failure ... known as activin type II receptor (ActRII), and the molecules that bind to it had created further confusion in the cardiac ... The team confirmed these findings but found that the significant increase in circulating activins leads to the overall increase ... Unfortunately, a series of conflicting reports regarding a particular receptor associated with muscle growth, ...
Visually induced changes in cytokine production in the chick choroid | eLife
Nodals elicit signaling by binding to a complex comprising Type I/II Activin receptors (Acvr) and the co-receptor Tdgf1. ... Here, we characterize three Type I (Acvr1) and four Type II (Acvr2) homologs and show that - except for Acvr1c - all receptor- ... we found that feedback-regulated Type I receptors and co-receptors can directly influence the diffusion and distribution of ... NO and nNOS (NOS1) have been detected in virtually all types of retinal neurons, in the RPE, and in several cell types in the ...
Current Weight Loss News and Events
A new study confirms that treatment with Bimagrumab, an antibody that blocks activin type II receptors and stimulates skeletal ... New targets for the development of a drug treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes. The GIP receptor in the central nervous ... Short term low carbohydrate diet linked to remission of type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes who follow a strict low ... Type 2 Diabetes: New Evidence Underlines the Role of Obesity in Late Complications. Successful weight loss is considered to be ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) presenting as primary bone and soft tissue sarcoma--a study of 12 cases.
TIF-IA Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody - Cotinis the genus of scarab beetles
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Activin Receptor Type IA (ACVR1) (N-term ... Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Activin Receptor Type IA (ACVR1) (Center ... Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Activin Receptor Type IA (ACVR1) (Center ... Description: Description of target: ;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Type: Cell-Based. Subtype: ...