Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes
Cushing Syndrome
A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the ADRENAL CORTEX and its production of CORTICOSTEROIDS. ACTH is a 39-amino acid polypeptide of which the N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Upon further tissue-specific processing, ACTH can yield ALPHA-MSH and corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP).
Carcinoid Tumor
A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)
Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory
A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH, Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)
Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion
Hormones, Ectopic
Metyrapone
Pro-Opiomelanocortin
A 30-kDa protein synthesized primarily in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and the HYPOTHALAMUS. It is also found in the skin and other peripheral tissues. Depending on species and tissues, POMC is cleaved by PROHORMONE CONVERTASES yielding various active peptides including ACTH; BETA-LIPOTROPIN; ENDORPHINS; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONES; and others (GAMMA-LPH; CORTICOTROPIN-LIKE INTERMEDIATE LOBE PEPTIDE; N-terminal peptide of POMC or NPP).
Hydrocortisone
Petrosal Sinus Sampling
Sampling of blood levels of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by withdrawal of blood from the inferior petrosal sinus. The inferior petrosal sinus arises from the cavernous sinus and runs to the internal jugular vein. Sampling of blood at this level is a valuable tool in the differential diagnosis of Cushing disease, Cushing syndrome, and other adrenocortical diseases.
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
A peptide of about 41 amino acids that stimulates the release of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. CRH is synthesized by neurons in the PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS of the HYPOTHALAMUS. After being released into the pituitary portal circulation, CRH stimulates the release of ACTH from the PITUITARY GLAND. CRH can also be synthesized in other tissues, such as PLACENTA; ADRENAL MEDULLA; and TESTIS.
Down Syndrome
A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)
Metabolic Syndrome X
A cluster of metabolic risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome X include excess ABDOMINAL FAT; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. (from AHA/NHLBI/ADA Conference Proceedings, Circulation 2004; 109:551-556)
ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma
Pituitary Neoplasms
Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA.
Severe muscle weakness due to hypokalemia as a manifestation of small-cell carcinoma. (1/112)
We describe the case of a 56-year-old man with severe muscle weakness due to heavy hypokalemia (serum potassium 1.44 mmol/l) associated with inappropriate kaliuria and alkalemia. Subsequent investigation revealed the presence of ectopic ACTH hypersecretion due to a small-cell lung carcinoma. A significant clinical/laboratory improvement was achieved following chemotherapy-induced regression of the primary tumor. The profound hypokalemia was probably the result of cortisol hypersecretion, which in concert with the ACTH-induced decreased 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity can exhibit an increased mineralocorticoid activity. In addition, other ACTH-dependent mineralocorticoids may play a contributory role in the development of severe hypokalemia. (+info)Carcinoid-associated ectopic ACTH syndrome with variable response to octreotide. (2/112)
The case is presented of a 31-year-old woman who developed florid clinical and biochemical Cushing's syndrome due to metastatic hepatic carcinoid tumour from a probable pancreatic primary. Hypercortisolaemia was controlled with metyrapone and ketoconazole, but high doses of octreotide failed to affect plasma cortisol and urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5HIAA) levels, or prevent rapid tumour growth. Hepatic polystyrene embolisation failed, and she was treated by liver transplantation with initial excellent results, and normalisation of cortisol and 5HIAA levels. Ten months later, however, she relapsed with bony and pelvic tumour recurrence, and high and symptomatic levels of cortisol and 5HIAA. At this time, octreotide in similar doses to those used previously appeared to normalise her biochemically, although she died soon after. This variable responsiveness to octreotide could be related to somatostatin receptor changes, or cyclical tumour secretion patterns. (+info)Marked increase in plasma ACTH with tumor reduction after chemotherapy in ectopic ACTH syndrome. (3/112)
We report on a case of rapid and marked hormone release as a result of rapid tumor reduction due to chemotherapy in a 36-year-old woman with ectopic ACTH syndrome due to small cell lung cancer. Treatment of the cancer with cisplatin and etoposide resulted in an 80% reduction in tumor size on computed tomographic scan within two weeks. Concurrently, plasma ACTH exhibited an unexpected and astonishing increase from 373 pg/ml before treatment to more than 1200 pg/ml. There were no biochemical characteristics observed in tumor lysis syndrome of solid tumors such as azotemia, increased LDH and hyperkalemia. The present case indicates that anticancer chemotherapy instituted in patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome could result in an acute increase of plasma ACTH and exacerbation of hypercortisolism, similar to tumor lysis syndrome, which is a potentially fatal complication following anti-cancer chemotherapy. (+info)Is whole-lung CT scanning still necessary in all cases of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome in the era of petrosal sinus sampling? (4/112)
We reviewed 31 patients in whom both bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling without CRH stimulation, and a CT scan of the lungs were done. Twenty-five had normal lung CT scans, of whom 23 had a higher inferior petrosal sinus: peripheral ACTH ratio > or = 1.5. After careful follow-up, none was subsequently shown to have ectopic ACTH syndrome. Six had abnormal lung CT scans, of whom two had ratios > or = 1.5. In these two patients, other investigations suggested pituitary disease, and pituitary surgery led to apparent cure. Of the remaining four patients, who had ratios < 1.5, two had incidental lung findings, and pituitary abnormalities were demonstrated at pituitary surgery. The third underwent bilateral adrenalectomy, and no evidence of ectopic ACTH syndrome has emerged as yet after 4 years follow-up. The fourth had a small-cell carcinoma of the lung, confirmed histologically. Our series suggests that whole-lung CT scanning is only necessary in cases of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome where bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling has not demonstrated a significant increase in petrosal sinus ACTH levels as compared with the peripheral level. Thus, in our experience the test is now only necessary in those patients (approximately 25%) where the ratio is < or = 1.5. (+info)Thymic hyperplasia as a source of ectopic ACTH production. (5/112)
A 26 year-old man with suspected Cushing's disease underwent transsphenoidal exploration of the pituitary without any evidence of microadenoma or hyperplasia. Progressive hypercortisolism necessitated bilateral adrenalectomy. Postoperatively, skin pigmentation gradually developed with a marked elevation of plasma ACTH levels, and CT scanning uncovered a thymic mass. Following removal of the thymic mass, skin pigmentation disappeared and plasma ACTH levels fell to normal. The excised mass was found to be a benign thymic hyperplasia without epithelial or carcinoid tumor cells. However, gel chromatography showed that the thymic tissue extract contained high ACTH content comparable to that of ectopic ACTH-producing tumors with a major component corresponding to ACTH(1-39). Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization revealed the expression of proopiomelanocortin transcripts in lymphocytes of thymic hyperplasia. This report suggests that lymphocytes in thymic hyperplasia are the most likely site of deregulated ACTH expression causing ectopic ACTH syndrome. (+info)Clinical implications of glucocorticoid metabolism by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in target tissues. (6/112)
11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11beta-HSD) are microsomal enzymes that catalyze the conversion of active glucocorticoids (GC) to their inactive 11-dehydro products and vice versa. Two isoenzymes of 11beta-HSD have been characterized and cloned in human tissues. The tissue-specific metabolism of GC by these enzymes is important for mineralocorticoid (MC) and GC receptor occupancy and seems to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diseases such as apparent MC excess syndrome, and may play roles in hypertension, obesity and impaired hepatic glucose homeostasis. This article reviews the literature and examines the role and importance of 11beta-HSD in humans. (+info)A new generation IRMA for ACTH with improved specificity: validation in various physiological and pathological conditions. (7/112)
OBJECTIVE: Measurement of plasma ACTH is a key step for the exploration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disorders. To further improve ACTH recognition a new generation of ACTH IRMA was developed using antibodies directed towards succinylated ACTH (sACTH IRMA). DESIGN: The usefulness of this assay was compared with that of another commercially available ACTH IRMA assay using intact ACTH (ELSA-ACTH) in various pathophysiological situations: patients with low ACTH plasma levels, high ACTH plasma levels with normal or tumoural pituitaries, or ectopic ACTH syndrome, and pregnant women with high proopiomelanocortin (POMC) plasma levels. METHODS: All plasma samples were assayed simultaneously with the two different IRMAs. Comparisons were assessed by plotting the results along the theoretical line of identical values, and by the graphical method of Bland and Altman. RESULTS: In the ELSA-ACTH IRMA, CLIP (or ACTH18-39) showed true cross-reactivity, and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and purified POMC both interfered and induced falsely lower ACTH results; in the sACTH IRMA no peptide showed any cross-reactivity, and only extremely high values of CLIP (50 000 pg/ml) interfered and induced falsely lower ACTH results. In ACTH hypersecretory syndromes, of tumoural (Cushing's disease, ectopic ACTH secretion) or non-tumoural (Addison's disease, congenital adrenal hyperplasia) origins a good agreement between the two assays was observed except for very high ACTH plasma values (above 1000 pg/ml) and in some tumours where the sACTH IRMA yielded lower results; in some cases, the presence of circulating CLIP, demonstrated by HPLC studies, may contribute to this discrepancy. It is also likely that the calibration of the ELSA-ACTH kit itself generates higher ACTH values. In normal pregnant women both IRMAs gave highly correlated values, yet lower results were obtained with the sACTH IRMA. CONCLUSION: These data show that the sACTH IRMA has improved qualities of specificity and usefulness for rapid assessment of ACTH plasma levels. (+info)Ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome exhibiting paradoxical adrenocorticotropin responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone. (8/112)
In a 37-year-old man who had Cushing's syndrome, investigations, including overnight dexamethasone suppression test, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test, pituitary MRI and inferior petrosal sinus sampling suggested the presence of ectopic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) production. Interestingly, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) increased plasma ACTH from 73 pg/ml to 708 pg/ml at 15 min. Furthermore, desmopressin also increased plasma ACTH whereas CRH and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) had no effect. Such paradoxical responses of plasma ACTH were observed repeatedly. A thoracic CT scan revealed a right anterior mediastinal mass, which was surgically resected. Histological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed that the tumor was an ACTH-producing carcinoid. ACTH and cortisol decreased immediately following surgery. Neither desmopressin nor GnRH administration resulted in elevation of plasma ACTH while ACTH-responsiveness to dexamethasone and CRH was restored. To our knowledge, this is the first report documenting GnRH responsiveness in ectopic ACTH syndrome. (+info)
Browse In Potassium chloride, Hyperglycaemia, Paranasal sinus lesion, Investigation | EDM Case Reports
Browse In Ethnicity, Paranasal sinus lesion, Hyperglycaemia, Investigation, Hypokalaemia | EDM Case Reports
Ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) - Cancer Therapy Advisor
Ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS)
A case of recurrent non-small-cell lung carcinoma and paraneoplastic Cushings syndrome - Institutional Repository University...
The value of carbon dioxide combining power/potassium ratio in the etiological diagnosis of Cushings syndrome | Current...
Lokinendi V. Rao
Am I Just Going Crazy? Please Help! - I cannot get a diagnosis. - Condition | Our Health
Tonys story: Lupus Like Syndrome
AVPR1B
New Imaging Techniques in the Evaluation of Patients With Ectopic Cushing Syndrome - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
New Imaging Techniques in the Evaluation of Patients With Ectopic Cushing Syndrome - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Tonys story: Stevens Johnson Syndrome Literature
CushieWiki
Cushings Syndrome Pipeline Drugs and Companies Insight Report: Analysis of Clinical Trials, Therapies, Mechanism of Action,...
Anna Kalicka-Kasperczyk - NeL.edu
FDA approves Korlym for patients with endogenous Cushings syndrome - Healthcanal.com : Healthcanal.com
Cushings Syndrome Made Easy on Meducation
Cushings syndrome - Slow Metabolism - Low Carb
What is Cushings Syndrome? - Definition from FertilitySmarts
NIH Cushings Syndrome Survey | CushieBlog
Cushings syndrome | Project Gutenberg Self-Publishing - eBooks | Read eBooks online
Thirty-four patients with Cushings Syndrome: our clinical experience in the past 20 years/ Otuz dort Cushings Sendromu olgusu...
Causes, symptoms and prevention of Cushings syndrome
Symptoms of Cushings Disease
FDA Okays Corcepts Korlym For Cushings Syndrome; Stock Up 57%
Cushings Syndrome Epidemiology
FDA Approves Korlym for Patients With Endogenous Cushings Syndrome
Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Cushings Syndrome | CushieBlog
Cushings Syndrome in Horses | PetMD
elevated ACTH - Symptoms, Treatments and Resources for elevated ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushings syndrome: Sensitivity and specificity of inferior petrosal sinus sampling<...
The Clinical Features and Molecular Mechanisms of ACTH-secreting Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. - NextBio article
Bronchial carcinoid presenting with abdominal pain by Faisal Ameer, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi et al.
Browse - AMA Manual of Style
Unusual triad of obstructive sleep apnea, uncontrolled hypertension, and severe hypokalemia due to ectopic adrenocorticotropic...
A case of left homonymous upper quadrantanopia after inferior petrosal sinus sampling to investigate acromegaly with empty...
Genetics of Cushings Syndrome - Yaneva M.
PPT - Diagnosis of Cushings Syndrome PowerPoint Presentation - ID:804971
Bronchial Carcinoid - Pulmonary Disorders - Merck Manuals Professional Edition
Is cushings syndrome remission associated with diabetes regression? Analysis of a retrospective cohort of 108 patients with...
Atypical bronchial carcinoids. Review of 46 patients
Cushings Syndrome of the Adrenal: The Obesity Tumor. - The Obesity Tumor
DMOZ - Health: Animal: Mammals: Dogs: Conditions and Diseases: Cushings Syndrome
Cushings Syndrome | Reston Hospital Center
Research report explores the cushings syndrome market - WhaTech
What Is Cushings Syndrome and Why Should We Be Concerned About It? - Future of Personal Health
Top Natural Remedies For Cushings Syndrome | Organic Facts
Imaging agent effectively detects, localizes tumors in Cushings syndrome
HELP...Cushings Syndrome maybe - any thoughts? - I cannot get a diagnosis. - Condition | Our Health
Cushings syndrome Archives - Healthy.net
ECE: Abnormal metabolites found in cured cushings patients
Day 20, Cushings Awareness Challenge 2021 | CushieBlogger
Hormonul adrenocorticotrop ACTH - la Medic.ro
Canine Cushings Questions and Discussions
Canine Cushings Questions and Discussions
Question about Cushings - pg.3 | allnurses
cushings Flashcards - Cram.com
Korlym Uses
Cushings Family
EAS<...
Ectopia (medicine)
Ectopic ACTH syndrome, also known as small-cell carcinoma. Ectopic calcification, a pathologic deposition of calcium salts in ... can cause Cushing's syndrome Ectopia lentis, the displacement of the crystalline lens of the eye Neuronal ectopia Ectopic ... such as at the root of a tooth Ectopic expression, the expression of a gene in an abnormal place in an organism Ectopic hormone ... a testis that has moved to an unusual location Ectopic thymus, where thymus tissue is found in an abnormal location Ectopic ...
Vasopressin receptor 1B
... high levels in ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas as well as in bronchial carcinoids responsible for the ectopic ACTH syndrome. ... "The pituitary V3 vasopressin receptor and the corticotroph phenotype in ectopic ACTH syndrome". Journal of Clinical ... Arlt W, Dahia PL, Callies F, Nordmeyer JP, Allolio B, Grossman AB, Reincke M (1997). "Ectopic ACTH production by a bronchial ... AVPR1b is then responsible for mediating the stimulatory effect of vasopressin on ACTH release. Several G proteins are also ...
Cushing's disease
If ectopic, the plasma ACTH and cortisol levels should remain unchanged; if this is pituitary related, levels of both would ... "Ectopic Cushing syndrome - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health". Archived from the original on October 2, 2013. ... This should not be confused with ectopic Cushing syndrome or exogenous steroid use. The symptoms of Cushing's disease are ... This rarely occurs with ectopic corticotropin syndrome and thus is quite useful for distinguishing between the two conditions. ...
Grant Liddle
... producing a paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome. Based on his research into paraneoplastic syndromes, he coined the term "ectopic ... He also discovered that certain cancers, especially of the lungs, can secrete ACTH, ... He also described Liddle's syndrome, a genetic syndrome causing high blood pressure. Liddle developed the dexamethasone ...
Inferior petrosal sinus sampling
... a rare tumor causing ectopic ACTH syndrome). The procedure is usually reserved for patients with consistent ACTH-dependent ... a valuable tool to discriminate pituitary or ectopic ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome". European Journal of Endocrinology. 157 ... ACTH levels are measured in the petrosal (central) and peripheral venous plasma before and within 10-12 minutes after ... Some studies have shown that if catheters were appropriately placed, a gradient of ≥1.4 for ACTH concentrations between the two ...
PAK3
... with ectopic ACTH syndrome and participates in cell migration". Endocrine. 38 (1): 38-47. doi:10.1007/s12020-010-9324-6. PMID ...
Pseudohyperaldosteronism
Ectopic ACTH syndrome describes conditions leading to excess production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) subsequently ... This can arise in ectopic forms of Cushing's syndrome associated with small-cell lung cancers and other ACTH-producing tumors. ... of pseudohyperaldosteronism can be acquired throughout life with examples including adrenal tumors and Ectopic ACTH syndrome. ... Causes include genetic disorders (e.g. Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome, Liddle's syndrome, and types of Congenital ...
Corticorelin
... a diagnosis of ectopic ACTH syndrome is confirmed. The most common side effects (in 1% to 10% of patients) are transient ... If corticorelin injection increases plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol, a diagnosis of Cushing's disease is achieved (ACTH of ... ACTH)-dependent hypercortisolism. It is used to distinguish a pituitary source of excessive ACTH secretion from a different ... ACTH stimulation test Dexamethasone suppression test Metyrapone Pituitary-adrenal axis Tetracosactide Andoh K, Kimura T, Saeki ...
Metyrapone
... syndrome X) and type 2 diabetes. ACTH stimulation test Young EA, Ribeiro SC, Ye W (June 2007). "Sex Differences in ACTH ... while most ectopic ACTH-producing tumors will not. Pituitary macroadenomas do not always respond to metyrapone. Metyrapone is ... ACTH) rises, then it is highly suggestive of adrenal insufficiency. If neither 11-deoxycortisol nor ACTH rise, it is highly ... In patients with intact Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, CRH and ACTH levels rise as a response to the falling cortisol ...
Aminoglutethimide
179-. ISBN 978-94-015-7190-6. D. T. Krieger (2012). Cushing's Syndrome. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 200-201. ISBN ... It is also used to treat secondary hyperaldosteronism, edema, adrenocortical carcinoma, and ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone ... ACTH) producing tumors. When used as a steroidogenesis inhibitor to treat breast cancer and prostate cancer, AG is given in ... Cushing's syndrome, breast cancer, and prostate cancer, among other indications. It has also been used by bodybuilders, ...
Small-cell carcinoma
... may lead to ectopic production of hormones like ADH and ACTH that may result in paraneoplastic syndromes and Cushing's syndrome ... ACTH) and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). Ectopic production of large amounts of ADH leads to syndrome of inappropriate ... cell carcinomas will often secrete substances that result in paraneoplastic syndromes such as Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome ... Brown-Séquard syndrome Cervical cancer "small-cell carcinoma" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary Nasu K, Hirakawa T, Okamoto M, ...
Dexamethasone suppression test
... but not on ectopic ACTH-producing cells or adrenal adenoma (Cushing's syndrome).[citation needed] A normal result is a decrease ... ACTH as measured prior to dosing of dexamethasone Equivocal results should be followed by a corticotropin-releasing hormone ... If the cortisol levels are unchanged by low- and high-dose dexamethasone, then other causes of Cushing's syndrome must be ... It is typically used to diagnose Cushing's syndrome. The DST was historically used for diagnosing depression, but by 1988 it ...
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
... ectopic secretion of ACTH resulting in Cushing's syndrome, and hypersecretion of somatotropin-releasing hormone (causing ... Among patients presenting with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 20 to 60% have MEN 1. A severe secretory diarrhea can develop and ... In a diagnostic workup individuals with a combination of endocrine neoplasias suggestive of the MEN1 syndrome are recommended ... About 3% of tumors secrete ACTH, producing Cushing's disease. Most of the remainder are nonfunctional. Local tumor expansion ...
Cushing's syndrome
When Cushing's syndrome is due to extra ACTH it is known as ectopic Cushing syndrome. This may be seen in a paraneoplastic ... would be indicative of Cushing's syndrome because an ectopic source of cortisol or ACTH (such as adrenal adenoma) exists which ... In these cases, ACTH levels remain low and no hyperpigmentation develops. Cushing's syndrome may result from any cause of ... Ectopic Cushing syndrome Archived 2013-10-02 at the Wayback Machine at A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia, PubMedHealth, National ...
List of MeSH codes (C04)
... acth syndrome, ectopic MeSH C04.730.713.988 - zollinger-ellison syndrome MeSH C04.730.856.225 - lambert-eaton myasthenic ... acth-secreting pituitary adenoma MeSH C04.588.322.609.145.500 - nelson syndrome MeSH C04.588.322.609.292 - growth hormone- ... denys-drash syndrome MeSH C04.557.435.595.950 - wagr syndrome MeSH C04.557.435.600 - nephroma, mesoblastic MeSH C04.557.435.675 ... denys-drash syndrome MeSH C04.588.945.947.535.585.950 - wagr syndrome MeSH C04.588.945.947.535.790 - nephroma, mesoblastic MeSH ...
List of medical mnemonics
Superior vena cava syndrome Paralysis of diaphragm (phrenic nerve) Ectopic hormones Eaton-Lambert syndrome Clubbing Horner ... GnRH LSH FSH ACTH Prolactin function To assess abdomen, palpate all 4 quadrants for DR. GERM: Distension: liver problems, bowel ... Turner syndrome Achondroplasia Respiratory(suppurative lung disease) Down syndrome Hereditary Environmental (postirradiation, ... Vasovagal Ectopic (reminds one of hypovolemia) Situational Subclavian steal ENT (glossopharyngeal neuralgia) Low systemic ...
Secondary hypertension
ACTH). More than 80% of patients with Cushing's syndrome develop hypertension., which is accompanied by distinct symptoms of ... More commonly, however, tumors cause inessential hypertension by ectopic secretion of hormones involved in normal physiological ... liddle's syndrome (also called pseudoaldosteronism), glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism Cushing's syndrome - an excessive ... Cushing's syndrome can be caused by taking glucocorticoid drugs, or by tumors that produce cortisol or adrenocorticotropic ...
Corticotropic cell
It is also possible that this disease can result from production of ACTH in a non-pituitary tumor, known as ectopic production ... 47-83, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-804169-7.00003-9, ISBN 9780128041697 Arai K, Chrousos GP (January 1995). "Syndromes of ... The release of ACTH from the corticotropic cells is controlled by CRH, which is formed in the cell bodies of parvocellular ... ACTH released from the corticotropes binds to G protein-coupled receptors in the adrenal cortex, where it stimulates the ...
Development of the endocrine system
Mutations in TBX1 and CRKL genes are correlated with DiGeorge syndrome, while mutations in GATA3 have also resulted in a ... By seven weeks of gestation, the anterior pituitary is capable of secreting ACTH. Within eight weeks of gestation, somatotroph ... In rare cases this results in functioning ectopic hormone-secreting tumors in the nasopharynx. The functional development of ... respiratory distress syndrome, jaundice, cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, and improper organ development. The ...
Endocrine system
Some examples of tropic hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland include TSH, ACTH, GH, LH, and FSH. There are many ... Mutations in TBX1 and CRKL genes are correlated with DiGeorge syndrome, while mutations in GATA3 have also resulted in a ... In rare cases this results in functioning ectopic hormone-secreting tumors in the nasopharynx. The functional development of ... By seven weeks of gestation, the anterior pituitary is capable of secreting ACTH. Within eight weeks of gestation, somatotroph ...
Mifepristone
Women are required to have an ultrasound to ensure the pregnancy is not ectopic. Mifepristone was registered for use in ... in adults with endogenous Cushing's syndrome who also have type 2 diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance and have failed ... effect of mifepristone is manifested at doses greater or equal to 4.5 mg/kg by a compensatory increase in ACTH and cortisol. In ... Mifepristone is not effective in treating ectopic pregnancy. A postmarketing summary found, of about 1.52 million women who had ...
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Decreased risk of iron deficiency anemia, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and uterine fibroids. Decreased ... Sutton, Frank D. (1975). "Progesterone for Outpatient Treatment of Pickwickian Syndrome". Annals of Internal Medicine. 83 (4): ... ACTH), and cortisol, as well as levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). There is evidence that the suppressive effects ... Merrin PK, Alexander WD (August 1990). "Cushing's syndrome induced by medroxyprogesterone". BMJ. 301 (6747): 345. doi:10.1136/ ...
Patient 1980,1981,1985,1989,1990
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS AIDS-like syndrome AIDS-related complex ARC 2015.2 History of positive serological or ... Ectopic pregnancy Toxemia Threatened abortion Spontaneous abortion Hyperemesis Fetal death in utero Diabetes during pregnancy ... ACTH 00475 ACTIFED 00480 ACTIFED-C 60040 ADALAT 00510 ADAPIN 00540 ADIPEX 00560 ADRENALIN 00570 ADRIAMYCIN 00590 ADSORBONAC ... Carpal tunnel syndrome Bell's palsy Cerebral palsy Demyelinating disease Paralysis, NOS Meningitis Muscular dystrophy Morton's ...
Metabolic Alkalosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis are more common in Cushing syndrome caused by ectopic ACTH production (90%) than in other ... Liddle syndrome (see Liddle Syndrome [OMIM]) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder arising from a gain-of-function mutation in ... In Bartter syndrome, impaired reabsorption of sodium ions and chloride ions in the thick ascending loop of Henle leads to their ... Gitelman syndrome (see Potassium and Magnesium Depletion [OMIM]) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder in which loss of ...
Carcinoid Lung Tumors Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Diagnostic Procedures
In the vast majority of these (rare) cases, the patient initially presents with the symptoms produced by ectopic hormone ... Whereas one or several hormone or peptide assays (eg, adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH], melanocyte-stimulating hormone [MSH ... is only of value if carcinoid syndrome is suspected clinically in an individual with a pulmonary tumor. The practitioner should ... This latter point especially is true because many cases of pulmonary carcinoid tumors that cause ectopic hormone production are ...
Carcinoid Tumor Clinical Presentation: History, Causes
Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and Cushing syndrome observed with foregut carcinoid tumors must be differentiated ... Wheezing or asthmalike syndrome is caused by bronchial constriction and may occur in as many as 25% of patients. Some tremors ... Treatment of the carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome. J Clin Oncol. 1983 Nov. 1(11):727-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link ... Carcinoid syndrome. Pediatr Surg Int. 1996 Jun. 11 (5-6):398-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...
Endogenous Cushing Syndrome Workup: Approach Considerations, Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies
Cushing syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure to elevated levels of either endogenous glucocorticoids or exogenous ... In patients with ectopic secretion of ACTH, CRH does not affect ACTH or cortisol levels. ACTH and cortisol samples are obtained ... An ACTH level greater than 20 pg/mL (4.4 pmol/L) is consistent with ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome. An ACTH level between 5 ... These studies also help in determining whether a patient who has ACTH-dependent disease has pituitary-dependent or ectopic ACTH ...
Primary Aldosteronism: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Ectopic secretion of aldosterone (The ovaries and kidneys are the 2 organs described in the literature that, in the setting of ... Conn syndrome, as originally described, refers specifically to primary aldosteronism due to the presence of an adrenal ... Plasma aldosterone response to ACTH in subtypes of primary aldosteronism. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1995 Jun-Jul. 22(6-7):460 ... Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in a patient with Conn syndrome showing a left adrenal adenoma. View Media Gallery ...