AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHumanitiesInformation ScienceHealth Care
AcetylthiocholineAcetylcholinesteraseCholinesterasesTetraisopropylpyrophosphamideCholinesterase InhibitorsThiocholineButyrylcholinesteraseHydrolysisKineticsSubstrate SpecificityResearch ReportDatabases, ProteinInternetUser-Computer InterfaceSoftwareArchivesProteinsSydnonesIndazolesThiophenesPatents as TopicCyclizationBenzo(a)pyreneMemory DisordersPubMedPeriodicals as TopicBooksPublishingMEDLINEProtein Array AnalysisProteomicsProteomeAutoantibodiesPhase TransitionOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisDatabases, ChemicalAmphotericin BCulture MediaEpithelial CellsCell LinePyruvic AcidStreptomycinHepatitis, Infectious CanineGlycogen Phosphorylase, Muscle FormDog DiseasesMusclesDogsSpectrophotometry, UltravioletUndariaDatabases, FactualDatabase Management SystemsDatabases, Genetic
Acetylthiocholine
An agent used as a substrate in assays for cholinesterases, especially to discriminate among enzyme types.
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ACETYLCHOLINE to CHOLINE and acetate. In the CNS, this enzyme plays a role in the function of peripheral neuromuscular junctions. EC 3.1.1.7.
Cholinesterases
Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide
N,N',N'',N'''-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide. A specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. It is commonly used experimentally to determine whether pseudo- or acetylcholinesterases are involved in an enzymatic process.
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.
Thiocholine
A mercaptocholine used as a reagent for the determination of CHOLINESTERASES. It also serves as a highly selective nerve stain.
Butyrylcholinesterase
An aspect of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8).
Hydrolysis
The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Research Report
Detailed account or statement or formal record of data resulting from empirical inquiry.
Databases, Protein
Databases containing information about PROTEINS such as AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; and other properties.
Internet
A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.
User-Computer Interface
The portion of an interactive computer program that issues messages to and receives commands from a user.
Software
Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.
Archives
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Sydnones
OXADIAZOLES bearing an oxygen at the 5-position. They are mesoionic, with delocalized positive and negative charges.
Indazoles
Thiophenes
Patents as Topic
Exclusive legal rights or privileges applied to inventions, plants, etc.
Cyclization
Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Benzo(a)pyrene
A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.
Memory Disorders
Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.
PubMed
A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.
Periodicals as Topic
A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.
Books
Publishing
"The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.
MEDLINE
The premier bibliographic database of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. MEDLINE® (MEDLARS Online) is the primary subset of PUBMED and can be searched on NLM's Web site in PubMed or the NLM Gateway. MEDLINE references are indexed with MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS (MeSH).
Protein Array Analysis
Ligand-binding assays that measure protein-protein, protein-small molecule, or protein-nucleic acid interactions using a very large set of capturing molecules, i.e., those attached separately on a solid support, to measure the presence or interaction of target molecules in the sample.
Proteomics
The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.
Proteome
The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.
Autoantibodies
Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.
Phase Transition
A change of a substance from one form or state to another.
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.
Databases, Chemical
Databases devoted to knowledge about specific chemicals.
Amphotericin B
Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Epithelial Cells
Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Pyruvic Acid
An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
Streptomycin
An antibiotic produced by the soil actinomycete Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting the initiation and elongation processes during protein synthesis.
Hepatitis, Infectious Canine
A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus (ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY, and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.
Glycogen Phosphorylase, Muscle Form
An isoenzyme of GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE that catalyzes the degradation of GLYCOGEN in muscle. Mutation of the gene coding this enzyme is the cause of McArdle disease (GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE TYPE V).
Dog Diseases
Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.
Muscles
Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.
Dogs
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Undaria
A genus of BROWN ALGAE, in the family Alariaceae, native to Japan, Korea, and China. The edible SEAWEED Undaria pinnatifida is also called wakame.
Databases, Factual
Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.
Database Management Systems
Software designed to store, manipulate, manage, and control data for specific uses.
Databases, Genetic
Databases devoted to knowledge about specific genes and gene products.

Histochemically distinct compartments in the striatum of human, monkeys, and cat demonstrated by acetylthiocholinesterase staining. (1/38)

We here report observations on the distribution of acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) in the striatum of the adult human, the rhesus monkey, and the cat. By the histochemical staining methods of Geneser-Jensen and Blackstad and of Karnovsky and Roots, compartments of low cholinesterase activity were identified in parts of the striatum in all three species. In frontal sections, these enzyme-poor zones appeared as a variable number of weakly stained approximately 0.5-mm-wide zones embedded in a darkly stained background. The zones varied in cross-sectional shape from round to elongated and were sometimes branched. They were most prominent in the head of the caudate nucleus. Three-dimensional reconstructions of serial sections through the caudate nucleus in the human and cat suggest that over distances of at least several millimeters, the zones of low enzyme activity form nearly continuous labyrinths.  (+info)

Determinants of substrate specificity of a second non-neuronal secreted acetylcholinesterase from the parasitic nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. (2/38)

We recently reported on a non-neuronal secreted acetylcholinesterase (AChE B) from the nematode parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Here we describe the primary structure and enzymatic properties of a second secreted variant, termed AChE C after the designation of native AChE isoforms from this parasite. As for the former enzyme, AChE C is truncated at the carboxyl terminus in comparison with the Torpedo AChE, and three of the 14 aromatic residues that line the active site gorge are substituted by nonaromatic residues, corresponding to Tyr70 (Ser), Trp279 (Asn) and Phe288 (Met). A recombinant form of AChE C was highly expressed by Pichia pastoris. The enzyme was monomeric and hydrophilic, and displayed a marked preference for acetylthiocholine as substrate. A double mutation (W302F/W345F, corresponding to positions 290 and 331 in Torpedo) rendered the enzyme 10-fold less sensitive to excess substrate inhibition and two times less susceptible to the bis quaternary inhibitor BW284C51, but did not radically affect substrate specificity or sensitivity to the 'peripheral site' inhibitor propidium iodide. In contrast, a triple mutant (M300G/W302F/W345F) efficiently hydrolysed propionylthiocholine and butyrylthiocholine in addition to acetylthiocholine, while remaining insensitive to the butyrylcholinesterase-specific inhibitor iso-OMPA and displaying a similar profile of excess substrate inhibition as the double mutant. These data highlight a conserved pattern of active site architecture for nematode secreted AChEs characterized to date, and provide an explanation for the substrate specificity that might otherwise appear inconsistent with the primary structure in comparison to other invertebrate AChEs.  (+info)

High-resolution optical mapping of the right bundle branch in connexin40 knockout mice reveals slow conduction in the specialized conduction system. (3/38)

Connexin40 (Cx40) is a major gap junction protein that is expressed in the His-Purkinje system and thought to be a critical determinant of cell-to-cell communication and conduction of electrical impulses. Video maps of the ventricular epicardium and the proximal segment of the right bundle branch (RBB) were obtained using a high-speed CCD camera while simultaneously recording volume-conducted ECGs. In Cx40(-/-) mice, the PR interval was prolonged (47.4+/-1.4 in wild-type [WT] [n=6] and 57.5+/-2.8 in Cx40(-/-) [n=6]; P<0.01). WT ventricular epicardial activation was characterized by focused breakthroughs that originated first on the right ventricle (RV) and then the left ventricle (LV). In Cx40(-/-) hearts, the RV breakthrough occurred after the LV breakthrough. Additionally, Cx40(-/-) mice showed RV breakthrough times that were significantly delayed with respect to QRS complex onset (3.7+/-0.7 ms in WT [n=6] and 6.5+/-0.7 ms in Cx40(-/-) [n=6]; P<0.01), whereas LV breakthrough times did not change. Conduction velocity measurements from optical mapping of the RBB revealed slow conduction in Cx40(-/-) mice (74.5+/-3 cm/s in WT [n=7] and 43.7+/-6 cm/s in Cx40(-/-) [n=7]; P<0.01). In addition, simultaneous ECG records demonstrated significant delays in Cx40(-/-) RBB activation time with respect to P time (P-RBB time; 41.6+/-1.9 ms in WT [n=7] and 55.1+/-1.3 ms in [n=7]; P<0.01). These data represent the first direct demonstration of conduction defects in the specialized conduction system of Cx40(-/-) mice and provide new insight into the role of gap junctions in cardiac impulse propagation.  (+info)

Action potential characteristics and arrhythmogenic properties of the cardiac conduction system of the murine heart. (4/38)

Studies have characterized conduction velocity in the right and left bundle branches (RBB, LBB) of normal and genetically engineered mice. However, no information is available on the action potential characteristics of the specialized conduction system (SCS). We have used microelectrode techniques to characterize action potential properties of the murine SCS, as well as epicardial and endocardial muscle preparations for comparison. In the RBB, action potential duration at 50%, 70%, and 90% repolarization (APD(50,70,90)) was 6+/-0.7, 35+/-6, and 90+/-7 ms, respectively. Maximum upstroke velocity (dV/dt(max)) was 153+/-14 V/s, and conduction velocity averaged 0.85+/-0.2 m/s. APD(90) was longer in the Purkinje network of fibers (web) than in the RBB (P<0.01). Web APD(50) was longer in the left than in the right ventricle (P<0.05). Yet, web APD(90) was longer in the right than in the left ventricle (P<0.001). APD(50,70) was significantly longer in the endocardial than in the epicardial (P<0.001; P<0.003). APD(90) in the epicardial and endocardial was shorter than in the RBB ( approximately 36 ms versus approximately 100 ms). Spontaneous electrical oscillations in phase 2 of the SCS occasionally resulted in early afterdepolarizations. These results demonstrate that APDs in the murine SCS are significantly ( approximately 2-fold) longer than in the myocardium and implicate the role of the murine SCS in arrhythmias. The differences should have important implications in the use of the mouse heart to study excitation, propagation, and arrhythmias.  (+info)

Reversibly bound and covalently attached ligands induce conformational changes in the omega loop, Cys69-Cys96, of mouse acetylcholinesterase. (5/38)

We have used a combination of cysteine substitution mutagenesis and site-specific labeling to characterize the structural dynamics of mouse acetylcholinesterase (mAChE). Six cysteine-substituted sites of mAChE (Leu(76), Glu(81), Glu(84), Tyr(124), Ala(262), and His(287)) were labeled with the environmentally sensitive fluorophore, acrylodan, and the kinetics of substrate hydrolysis and inhibitor association were examined along with spectroscopic characteristics of the acrylodan-conjugated, cysteine-substituted enzymes. Residue 262, being well removed from the active center, appears unaffected by inhibitor binding. Following the binding of ligand, hypsochromic shifts in emission of acrylodan at residues 124 and 287, located near the perimeter of the gorge, reflect the exclusion of solvent and a hydrophobic environment created by the associated ligand. By contrast, the bathochromic shifts upon inhibitor binding seen for acrylodan conjugated to three omega loop (Omega loop) residues 76, 81, and 84 reveal that the acrylodan side chains at these positions are displaced from a hydrophobic environment and become exposed to solvent. The magnitude of fluorescence emission shift is largest at position 84 and smallest at position 76, indicating that a concerted movement of residues on the Omega loop accompanies gorge closure upon ligand binding. Acrylodan modification of substituted cysteine at position 84 reduces ligand binding and steady-state kinetic parameters between 1 and 2 orders of magnitude, but a similar substitution at position 81 only minimally alters the kinetics. Thus, combined kinetic and spectroscopic analyses provide strong evidence that conformational changes of the Omega loop accompany ligand binding.  (+info)

Asymmetric distribution of acetylcholinesterase in gravistimulated maize seedlings. (6/38)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity has previously been studied by this laboratory and shown to occur at the interface between the stele and cortex of the mesocotyl of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. In this work we studied the distribution of AChE activity in 5-d-old maize seedlings following a gravity stimulus. After the stimulus, we found an asymmetric distribution of the enzyme in the coleoptile, the coleoptile node, and the mesocotyl of the stimulated seedlings using both histochemical and colorimetric methods for measuring the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine. The hydrolytic capability of the esterase was greater on the lower side of the horizontally placed seedlings. Using the histochemical method, we localized the hydrolytic capability in the cortical cells around the vascular stele of the tissues. The hydrolytic activity was inhibited 80 to 90% by neostigmine, an inhibitor of AChE. When neostigmine was applied to the corn kernel, the gravity response of the seedling was inhibited and no enzyme-positive spots appeared in the gravity-stimulated seedlings. We believe these results indicate a role for AChE in the gravity response of maize seedlings.  (+info)

Studies of the acetylcholinesterase from houseflies (Musca domestica L.) resistant and susceptible to organophosphorus insecticides. (7/38)

Acetylcholinesterase from the heads of insecticide-resistant and -susceptible houseflies (Musca domestica L.) was studied in vitro. The enzymes could not be distinguished electrophoretically, and their behaviour on polyacrylamide-disc-gel electrophoresis was influenced by the presence of Triton X-100 in both the homogenate and the gels. In the absence of detergent, the acetylcholinesterase was heterogeneous, but behaved as a single enzyme when it was present. By analogy with studies of acetylcholinesterase from other sources, these observations were attributed to aggregation of the enzyme when not bound by membranes. The enzyme from resistant flies was more slowly inhibited than the susceptible enzyme, bimolecular rate constants (ki) differing by approx. 4-20-fold for a range of organophosphorus compounds. The kinetics of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase were consistent with the results of electrophoresis, i.e. they corresponded to those of a single enzyme in the presence of Triton X-100, but a mixture of enzymes in its absence. The susceptibility of the more sensitive components in these mixtures was determined.  (+info)

Substrate activation in acetylcholinesterase induced by low pH or mutation in the pi-cation subsite. (8/38)

Substrate inhibition is considered a defining property of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), whereas substrate activation is characteristic of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). To understand the mechanism of substrate inhibition, the pH dependence of acetylthiocholine hydrolysis by AChE was studied between pH 5 and 8. Wild-type human AChE and its mutants Y337G and Y337W, as well as wild-type Bungarus fasciatus AChE and its mutants Y333G, Y333A and Y333W were studied. The pH profile results were unexpected. Instead of substrate inhibition, wild-type AChE and all mutants showed substrate activation at low pH. At high pH, there was substrate inhibition for wild-type AChE and for the mutant with tryptophan in the pi-cation subsite, but substrate activation for mutants containing small residues, glycine or alanine. This is particularly apparent in the B. fasciatus AChE. Thus a single amino acid substitution in the pi-cation site, from the aromatic tyrosine of B. fasciatus AChE to the alanine of BuChE, caused AChE to behave like BuChE. Excess substrate binds to the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. The finding that AChE is activated by excess substrate supports the idea that binding of a second substrate molecule to the PAS induces a conformational change that reorganizes the active site.  (+info)

Sensors | Free Full-Text | Critical Evaluation of Acetylthiocholine Iodide and Acetylthiocholine Chloride as Substrates for...Sensors | Free Full-Text | Critical Evaluation of Acetylthiocholine Iodide and Acetylthiocholine Chloride as Substrates for...
Numerous amperometric biosensors have been developed for the fast analysis of neurotoxic insecticides based on inhibition of cholinesterase (AChE). The analytical signal is quantified by the oxidation of the thiocholine that is produced enzymatically by the hydrolysis of the acetylthiocholine pseudosubstrate. The pseudosubstrate is a cation and it is associated with chloride or iodide as corresponding anion to form a salt. The iodide salt is cheaper, but it is electrochemically active and consequently more difficult to use in electrochemical analytical devices. We investigate the possibility of using acetylthiocholine iodide as pseudosubstrate for amperometric detection. Our investigation demonstrates that operational conditions for any amperometric biosensor that use acetylthiocholine iodide must be thoroughly optimized to avoid false analytical signals or a reduced sensitivity. The working overpotential determined for different screen-printed electrodes was: carbon-nanotubes (360 mV), platinum (560
http://mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/2/1603/xml
2ha2 - Proteopedia, life in 3D2ha2 - Proteopedia, life in 3D
Hydrolysis of acetylcholine catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE), one of the most efficient enzymes in nature, occurs at the base of a deep and narrow active center gorge. At the entrance of the gorge, the peripheral anionic site provides a binding locus for allosteric ligands, including substrates. To date, no structural information on substrate entry to the active center from the peripheral site of AChE or its subsequent egress has been reported. Complementary crystal structures of mouse AChE and an inactive mouse AChE mutant with a substituted catalytic serine (S203A), in various complexes with four substrates (acetylcholine, acetylthiocholine, succinyldicholine, and butyrylthiocholine), two non-hydrolyzable substrate analogues (m-(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)-trifluoroacetophenone and 4-ketoamyltrimethylammonium), and one reaction product (choline) were solved in the 2.05-2.65-A resolution range. These structures, supported by binding and inhibition data obtained on the same complexes, reveal ...
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2ha2
Hydrolysis of the E2P Phosphoenzyme of the Ca2+-ATPase : A Theoretical StudyHydrolysis of the E2P Phosphoenzyme of the Ca2+-ATPase : A Theoretical Study
Dephosphorylation of the E2P phosphoenzyme intermediate of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase was studied using density functional theory. The hydrolysis reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic attack on the phosphorylated residue Asp351 by a water molecule, which is positioned by the nearby residue Glu183 acting as a base. The activation barrier was calculated to be 14.3 kcal/mol, which agrees well with values of 15-17 kcal/mol derived from experimentally observed rates. The optimized structure of the transition state reveals considerable bond breakage between phosphorus and the Asp351 oxygen (distance 2.19 angstrom) and little bond formation to the attacking water oxygen (distance 2.26 angstrom). Upon formation of the singly protonated phosphate product, Glu183 becomes protonated. The bridging aspartyl phosphate oxygen approaches Lys684 progressively when proceeding from the reactant state (distance 1.94 angstrom) via the transition state (1.78 angstrom) to the product state (1.58 angstrom). ...
http://su.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?faces-redirect=true&language=no&searchType=SIMPLE&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&pid=diva2%3A652553&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all
Hydrolysis of the E2P Phosphoenzyme of the Ca2+-ATPase : A Theoretical StudyHydrolysis of the E2P Phosphoenzyme of the Ca2+-ATPase : A Theoretical Study
Dephosphorylation of the E2P phosphoenzyme intermediate of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase was studied using density functional theory. The hydrolysis reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic attack on the phosphorylated residue Asp351 by a water molecule, which is positioned by the nearby residue Glu183 acting as a base. The activation barrier was calculated to be 14.3 kcal/mol, which agrees well with values of 15-17 kcal/mol derived from experimentally observed rates. The optimized structure of the transition state reveals considerable bond breakage between phosphorus and the Asp351 oxygen (distance 2.19 angstrom) and little bond formation to the attacking water oxygen (distance 2.26 angstrom). Upon formation of the singly protonated phosphate product, Glu183 becomes protonated. The bridging aspartyl phosphate oxygen approaches Lys684 progressively when proceeding from the reactant state (distance 1.94 angstrom) via the transition state (1.78 angstrom) to the product state (1.58 angstrom). ...
http://su.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?faces-redirect=true&language=sv&searchType=SIMPLE&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&pid=diva2%3A652553&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all
Substrate activation in acetylcholinesterase induced by low pH or mutation in the π-cation subsite<...Substrate activation in acetylcholinesterase induced by low pH or mutation in the π-cation subsite<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Substrate activation in acetylcholinesterase induced by low pH or mutation in the π-cation subsite. AU - Masson, Patrick. AU - Schopfer, Lawrence M. AU - Bartels, Cynthia F.. AU - Froment, Marie Thérèse. AU - Ribes, Fabien. AU - Nachon, Florian. AU - Lockridge, Oksana. PY - 2002/2/11. Y1 - 2002/2/11. N2 - Substrate inhibition is considered a defining property of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), whereas substrate activation is characteristic of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). To understand the mechanism of substrate inhibition, the pH dependence of acetylthiocholine hydrolysis by AChE was studied between pH 5 and 8. Wild-type human AChE and its mutants Y337G and Y337W, as well as wild-type Bungarus fasciatus AChE and its mutants Y333G, Y333A and Y333W were studied. The pH profile results were unexpected. Instead of substrate inhibition, wild-type AChE and all mutants showed substrate activation at low pH. At high pH, there was substrate inhibition for wild-type AChE and for the ...
https://nebraska.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/substrate-activation-in-acetylcholinesterase-induced-by-low-ph-or
中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Fundamental Reaction Pathway and Free Energy Profile for Butyrylcholinesterase-Catalyzed...中国科学院大连化学物理研究所机构知识库(DICP OpenIR): Fundamental Reaction Pathway and Free Energy Profile for Butyrylcholinesterase-Catalyzed...
The pharmacological function of heroin requires an activation process that transforms heroin into 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), which is the most active form. The primary enzyme responsible for this activation process in human plasma is butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The detailed reaction pathway of the activation process via BChE-catalyzed hydrolysis has been explored computationally, for the first time, in this study via molecular dynamics simulation and first-principles quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical free energy calculations. It has been demonstrated that the whole reaction process includes acylation and deacylation stages. The acylation consists of two reaction steps, i.e., the nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of the 3-acetyl group of heroin by the hydroxyl oxygen of the Ser198 side chain and the dissociation of 6-MAM. The deacylation also consists of two reaction steps, i.e., the nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of the acyl enzyme intermediate by a water molecule ...
http://cas-ir.dicp.ac.cn/handle/321008/119469
Preliminary investigation on cholinesterase activity in Adamussium colbecki from Terra Nova Bay: field and laboratory study |...Preliminary investigation on cholinesterase activity in Adamussium colbecki from Terra Nova Bay: field and laboratory study |...
While the inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity as a biomarker of exposure to neurotoxic insecticides is well established in aquatic invertebrates of temperate areas, little is known about organisms from polar regions including Antarctica. Cholinesterase activity was investigated in specimens of the Antarctic scallop, Adamussium colbecki, collected in winter 2000 at Campo Icaro (Ross Sea, Antarctica) for preliminary characterization of a potentially new biomarker. Characterization of various ChE enzymes using specific substrates including an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh) and a butyrylthiocholine iodide (BSCh) was performed in gills, digestive gland and adductor muscle of the scallop. The effect of in vivo Zn2þ exposure in gills and digestive gland of A. colbecki was also studied. All the tissues expressed ChE activity (gill,adductor muscle,digestive gland) in accordance with data reported for marine mussels (Mytilus sp.) from temperate areas (1.1-13.8 nmol min1 mg protein1). Significant ...
https://iris.unige.it/handle/11567/213053
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesTurkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
2 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Rize, Turkey DOI : 10.4194/1303-2712-v14_3_06 Viewed : 2911 - Downloaded : 3126 Present study was conducted to determine the effects of long term carbosulfan exposure on erythrocyte and liver acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and to assess sensitive tissue to carbosulfan in terms of AChE activity. For these purpose, fish were allowed to recover in toxicant-free water for 24 days after 60 days of exposure. AChE activity was determined spectrophotometrically using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate in the erythrocyte and liver. Erythrocyte and liver AChE of carbosulfan-exposed fish showed considerable inhibition rate. A higher degree of enzyme inhibition was observed in the erythrocyte when compared with liver. The degree of enzyme inhibition had a positive correlation with the time of exposure. Erythrocyte and liver AChE activities were recovered after 18 d and 21 d, ...
http://trjfas.org/abstract.php?lang=en&id=47
Po-Hsien Lee - Chair of Computational BiologyPo-Hsien Lee - Chair of Computational Biology
5. Nguyen D, Helms V, Lee PH: PRIMSIPLR: Prediction of inner-membrane situated pore-lining residues for alpha-helical transmembrane proteins. Proteins 2014: (in press).. 4. Zhukovsky MA, Lee PH, Ott A, Helms V: Putative cholesterol-binding sites in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5. Proteins 2013, 81(4):555-567.. 3. Lee PH, Helms V, Geyer T: Coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations of protein translocation through nanopores. J Chem Phys 2012, 137(14).. 2. Lee PH, Helms V: Identifying continuous pores in protein structures with PROPORES by computational repositioning of gating residues. Proteins 2012, 80(2):421-432.. 1. Lee PH, Kuo KL, Chu PY, Liu EM, Lin JH: SLITHER: a web server for generating contiguous conformations of substrate molecules entering into deep active sites of proteins or migrating through channels in membrane transporters. Nucleic Acids Res 2009, 37:W559-W564.. ...
http://gepard.bioinformatik.uni-saarland.de/Members/PoHsien/PoHsien
1ku6 - Proteopedia, life in 3D1ku6 - Proteopedia, life in 3D
The peripheral anionic site on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), located at the active center gorge entry, encompasses overlapping binding sites for allosteric activators and inhibitors; yet, the molecular mechanisms coupling this site to the active center at the gorge base to modulate catalysis remain unclear. The peripheral site has also been proposed to be involved in heterologous protein associations occurring during synaptogenesis or upon neurodegeneration. A novel crystal form of mouse AChE, combined with spectrophotometric analyses of the crystals, enabled us to solve unique structures of AChE with a free peripheral site, and as three complexes with peripheral site inhibitors: the phenylphenanthridinium ligands, decidium and propidium, and the pyrogallol ligand, gallamine, at 2.20-2.35 A resolution. Comparison with structures of AChE complexes with the peptide fasciculin or with organic bifunctional inhibitors unveils new structural determinants contributing to ligand interactions at the ...
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/1ku6
Introducing: The Deep Active Inference Agent - Yet another BlogIntroducing: The Deep Active Inference Agent - Yet another Blog
Edit (09/07/17): Sorry for the long quiet interval. It was (partly) due to the fact that I took some time to refine some the code and the arguments in this and the previous post and put it into a paper, of which there is a preprint available as of today: http://arxiv.org/abs/1709.02341 :) Edit (11/14/18): A thoroughly…
https://kaiu.me/2017/07/11/introducing-the-deep-active-inference-agent/?like_comment=2&_wpnonce=683455e6a3
Introducing: The Deep Active Inference Agent - Yet another BlogIntroducing: The Deep Active Inference Agent - Yet another Blog
Edit (09/07/17): Sorry for the long quiet interval. It was (partly) due to the fact that I took some time to refine some the code and the arguments in this and the previous post and put it into a paper, of which there is a preprint available as of today: http://arxiv.org/abs/1709.02341 :) Edit (11/14/18): A thoroughly…
https://kaiu.me/2017/07/11/introducing-the-deep-active-inference-agent/?like_comment=22&_wpnonce=4368d8a799
hydrogen bonding nmrhydrogen bonding nmr
There is also scalar J-coupling between the hydrogen and the acceptor atom, What does it mean that the density of proton decreases? https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01727-6, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203777, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2019.03.052, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.092, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00214-016-2032-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.06.011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.02.013, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2014.953013, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2014.955065, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.09.034. You have to login with your ACS ID befor you can login with your Mendeley account. A comparative Jones et al. Figure 16. Such a role has, for example, been proposed for water molecules in the active site gorge of acetylcholinesterase.35. Hydrogen bonding is well known to cause large changes in chemical shift values- this is evident if you look up the chemical shift of an alcohol in a data-book (for an aliphatic ...
https://www.bodyglobeautique.com/docs/viewtopic.php?99bfb2=hydrogen-bonding-nmr
Sensors | Free Full-Text | Variation of Cholinesterase-Based Biosensor Sensitivity to Inhibition by Organophosphate Due To...Sensors | Free Full-Text | Variation of Cholinesterase-Based Biosensor Sensitivity to Inhibition by Organophosphate Due To...
A cholinesterase based biosensor was constructed in order to assess the effects of ionizing radiation on exposed AChE. Although the primary objective of the experiment was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation on the activity of the biosensor, no changes in cholinesterase activity were observed. Current provided by oxidation of thiocholine previously created from acetylthiocholine by enzyme catalyzed reaction was in a range 395-455 nA. No significant influence of radiation on AChE activity was found, despite the current variation. However, a surprising phenomenon was observed when a model organophosphate paraoxon was assayed. Irradiated biosensors seem to be more susceptible to the inhibitory effects of paraoxon. Control biosensors provided a 94 ± 5 nA current after exposure to 1 ppm paraoxon. The biosensors irradiated by a 5 kGy radiation dose and exposed to paraoxon provided a current of 49 ± 6 nA. Irradiation by doses ranging from 5 mGy to 100 kGy were investigated and the mentioned
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/7/5580/htm
Publications | SBRCPublications | SBRC
Morel, N., S. Bon, H. M. Greenblatt, D. Van Belle, S. J. Wodak, J. L. Sussman, J. Massoulié, and I. Silman, Effect of mutations within the peripheral anionic site on the stability of acetylcholinesterase., Mol Pharmacol, vol. 55, issue 6, pp. 982-92, 1999 Jun. ...
http://sbrc.vub.ac.be/biblio?page=8&f%5Bkeyword%5D=9&f%5Bauthor%5D=750
AID 309555 - Inhibition of partially purified Sprague-Dawley rat FAAH assessed as substrate hydrolysis - PubChemAID 309555 - Inhibition of partially purified Sprague-Dawley rat FAAH assessed as substrate hydrolysis - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 309555 submitted by ChEMBL: Inhibition of partially purified Sprague-Dawley rat FAAH assessed as substrate hydrolysis.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/309555
substrate activation - oisubstrate activation - oi
We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.Find out more ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100540281
Difference between revisions of Talk:National Library Agenda - NationalLibraryAgendaDifference between revisions of Talk:National Library Agenda - NationalLibraryAgenda
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Cerebral acetylcholinesterase activity is not decreased in MS patients with cognitive impairment.Cerebral acetylcholinesterase activity is not decreased in MS patients with cognitive impairment.
Background: Neuropsychological studies have extensively described the presence of cognitive dysfunction in MS patients. One possible pharmacological treatment of the impairment could be based on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), which have sh
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Cerebral-acetylcholinesterase-activity-not-decreased/21372113.html
HUP 13 - AdisInsightHUP 13 - AdisInsight
HUP 13 is an analogue of huperzine A with comparable inhibitory action on acetylcholinesterase, but less inhibitory effect on butyrylcholinesterase. HUP 13 is
http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800004114?error=cookies_not_supported&code=4f4cfb04-8152-4163-b3d9-c83ee6245a1d
Acta Chemica ScandinavicaActa Chemica Scandinavica
Comparison between the Acetylcholinesterases of Helix Blood and Cobra Venom. I. The Hydrolysis of Acetylcholine and Its Inhibition by Various Compounds.. Augustinsson, Klas-Bertil ...
http://actachemscand.dk/author.php?aid=499
Gentaur Molecular :Arbor \ Acetylcholinesterase Standard, 225UL \ C046-225ULGentaur Molecular :Arbor \ Acetylcholinesterase Standard, 225UL \ C046-225UL
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Arbor \ Acetylcholinesterase Standard, 225UL \ C046-225UL for more molecular products just contact us
http://www.antibody-antibodies.com/product_det.php?id=1473178&supplier=search&name=Acetylcholinesterase%20Standard,%20225UL
Acetylcholinesterase抗体[HR2]|Abcam中国|Anti-Acetylcholinesterase抗体[HR2]Acetylcholinesterase抗体[HR2]|Abcam中国|Anti-Acetylcholinesterase抗体[HR2]
Acetylcholinesterase小鼠单克隆抗体[HR2](ab2803)可与小鼠, 兔, 豚鼠, 牛, 猫, 人, 猕猴样本反应并经IP, ELISA, IHC, Flow Cyt, ICC/IF实验严格验证，被3篇文献引用。
http://www.abcam.cn/acetylcholinesterase-antibody-hr2-ab2803.html
乙醯膽鹼酯酶 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書乙醯膽鹼酯酶 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書
乙醯膽鹼酯酶[1]（英語：Acetylcholinesterase，簡稱為AChE，EC 3.1.1.7）是一種降解（通過其水解活性）神經遞質乙醯膽鹼成為膽鹼和乙酸的酶。該酶主要存在於神經肌肉接頭與膽鹼能神經系統中，在這些地方該酶的活性就是為了終止突觸傳遞。乙醯膽鹼酯酶具有極高的水解活性--每秒鐘一分子的乙醯膽鹼酯酶可以水解25000分子的乙醯膽鹼。經乙醯膽鹼酯酶作用而產生的膽鹼被重新利用--通過重攝取被轉運進入神經末梢，在那裡被重新利用以合成新的乙醯膽鹼分子[2]。. ...
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B0%E8%83%86%E7%A2%B1%E9%85%AF%E9%85%B6
Anesthesiologists in Oxon Hill, MD | Oxon Hill Anesthesiologist (pain control)Anesthesiologists in Oxon Hill, MD | Oxon Hill Anesthesiologist (pain control)
Find 12 local Anesthesiologists practicing in Oxon Hill, MD. Read ratings and reviews to help find the best Anesthesiologist in your area.
https://www.vitals.com/anesthesiologists/md/oxon-hill
Asthma Specialist in Oxon Hill, MD - Allergy TreatmentAsthma Specialist in Oxon Hill, MD - Allergy Treatment
Find an Asthma Specialist in Oxon Hill, MD. Asthma Specialist reviews, phone number, address and map. Find the best Allergy Specialist in Oxon Hill, MD
http://www.wellness.com/find/asthma-allergy-specialists/md/oxon-hill
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 425011Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 425011
100 µg purified IgG, lyophilized. Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 100 µl H2O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C until use ...
https://www.sysy.com/products/ache/facts-425011.php
Simple general acid-base catalysis of physiological acetylcholinesterase reactions<...Simple general acid-base catalysis of physiological acetylcholinesterase reactions<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Simple general acid-base catalysis of physiological acetylcholinesterase reactions. AU - Pryor, Alton N.. AU - Selwood, Trevor. AU - Leu, Lee Shan. AU - Andracki, Mark A.. AU - Lee, Bong Ho. AU - Rao, Muralikrishna. AU - Rosenberry, Terrone. AU - Doctor, Bhupendra P.. AU - Silman, Israel. AU - Quinn, Daniel M.. PY - 1992/5/6. Y1 - 1992/5/6. N2 - Elements of transition-state stabilization by proton bridging have been characterized by measuring solvent isotope effects and proton inventories for hydrolyses of (acetylthio)choline (ATCh), (propionylthio)choline (PrTCh), and (butyrylthio)choline (BuTCh) catalyzed by acetylcholinesterases (AChEs) from Electrophorus electricus, fetal bovine serum, human erythrocytes, and Torpedo californica. For the Electrophorus enzyme, the acylation rate constant, kcat/Km {= (V/K)/[E]T}, decreases in the order ATCh , PrTCh ≫ BuTCh. Solvent isotope effects for V/K of ATCh hydrolysis are usually within experimental error of unity, which is consistent ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/simple-general-acid-base-catalysis-of-physiological-acetylcholine
EGO OUT: SEP 17, 2016 LENR UNITY-1ST STAGE: LIVE AND LET LIVEEGO OUT: SEP 17, 2016 LENR UNITY-1ST STAGE: LIVE AND LET LIVE
Using low energy electron (LEE) as a catalyst, the electronic origin of the catalytic strategies corresponding to substrate selectivity, reaction specificity and reaction rate enhancement are investigated for a reversible unimolecular elementary reaction. An electronic energy complementarity between the catalyst and the substrate molecule is the origin of substrate selectivity and reaction specificity. The electronic energy complementarity is induced by tuning the electronic energy of the catalyst. The energy complementarity maximizes the binding forces between the catalyst and the molecule. Consequently, a new electronically metastable high-energy reactant state and a corresponding new low barrier reaction path are resonantly created for a specific reaction of the substrate through the formation of a catalyst-substrate transient adduct. The LEE catalysis also reveals a fundamental \textit{structure-energy correspondence} in the formation of the catalyst-substrate transient adduct. Since the ...
http://egooutpeters.blogspot.com/2016/09/sep-17-2016-lenr-unity-1st-stage-live.html
Carbofuran-induced effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes and liver of Cyprinus carpio | KSU FacultyCarbofuran-induced effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes and liver of Cyprinus carpio | KSU Faculty
Site of the Professor Hmoud F. A. Al-Kaham Al-Balawi : Ex-Vice Dean (Admin.) College of science, Ex- Chairman of Zoology Department, and Ex-Chairman of Biodiversity Program. related to Faculties Websites at King Saud University
https://fac.ksu.edu.sa/halkaham/publication/124265
Cannabis May Slow Brain Aging - Democratic UndergroundCannabis May Slow Brain Aging - Democratic Underground
The researchers) demonstrate that the active component of marijuana, Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), competitively inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as well as prevents AChE-induced amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) aggregation, the key pathological marker of Alzheimers disease. Computational modeling of the THC-AChE interaction revealed that THC binds in the peripheral anionic site of AChE, the critical region involved in amyloidgenesis. Compared to currently approved drugs prescribed for the treatment of Alzheimers disease, THC is a considerably superior inhibitor of Abeta aggregation, and this study provides a previously unrecognized molecular mechanism through which cannabinoid molecules may directly impact the progression of this debilitating disease. ...
https://www.democraticunderground.com/10021840545
Acetylcholinesterase in motion : Visualizing conformational changes in crystal structures by a morphing procedureAcetylcholinesterase in motion : Visualizing conformational changes in crystal structures by a morphing procedure
In order to visualize and appreciate conformational changes between homologous three-dimensional (3D) protein structures or protein/inhibitor complexes, we have developed a user-friendly morphing procedure. It enabled us to detect coordinated conformational changes not easily discernible by analytic methods or by comparison of static images. This procedure was applied to comparison ... read more of native Torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase and of complexes with reversible inhibitors and conjugates with covalent inhibitors. It was likewise shown to be valuable for the visualization of conformational differences between acetylcholinesterases from different species. The procedure involves generation, in Cartesian space, of 25 interpolated intermediate structures between the initial and final 3D structures, which then serve as the individual frames in a QuickTime movie. show less ...
http://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/357767
Structures of the Acyl−Enzyme Complexes of the Staphylococcus aureus β-Lactamase Mutant Glu166Asp:Asn170Gln with...Structures of the Acyl−Enzyme Complexes of the Staphylococcus aureus β-Lactamase Mutant Glu166Asp:Asn170Gln with...
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https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.acs-doi-10_1021_bi002277h
Synthesis of Some New 4,5-Diphenyl 3-(2H) Pyridazinone Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Inhibitory Activities on...Synthesis of Some New 4,5-Diphenyl 3-(2H) Pyridazinone Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Inhibitory Activities on...
Synthesis of Some New 4,5-Diphenyl 3-(2H) Pyridazinone Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Inhibitory Activities on Acetylcholinesterase Butyrylcholinesterase Enzymes ...
https://avesis.gazi.edu.tr/yayin/bb1abaf5-a960-4791-91ee-deb5e320a8b0/synthesis-of-some-new-4-5-diphenyl-3-2h-pyridazinone-derivatives-and-evaluation-of-their-inhibitory-activities-on-acetylcholinesterase-butyrylcholinesterase-enzymes
Overlapping drug interaction sites of human butyrylcholinesterase dissected by site-directed mutagenesis. - Semantic ScholarOverlapping drug interaction sites of human butyrylcholinesterase dissected by site-directed mutagenesis. - Semantic Scholar
Butyrylcholinesterase [BuChE (acylcholine acyl hydrolase); EC 3.1.1.8] limits the access of drugs, including tacrine, to other proteins. The atypical BuChE variant, in which Asp70 at the rim of the active site gorge is substituted by glycine, displayed a more drastically weakened interaction with tacrine than with cocaine, dibucaine, succinylcholine, BW284c51 [1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)pentan-3-one dibromide], or alpha-solanine. To delineate the protein domains that are responsible for this phenomenon, we mutated residues within the rim of the active site gorge, the region parallel to the peripheral site in the homologous enzyme acetylcholinesterase [AChE (acetylcholine acetyl hydrolase); EC 3.1.1.7], the oxyanion hole, and the choline-binding site. When expressed in microinjected Xenopus laevis oocytes, all mutant DNAs yielded comparable amounts of immunoreactive protein products. Most mutants retained catalytic activity close to that of wild-type BuChE and were capable of binding ligands
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Overlapping-drug-interaction-sites-of-human-butyry-Loewenstein-Lichtenstein-Glick/d04d7e826a363aeedec8bbe6f6c44528f27155df
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors with Photoswitchable Inhibition of β‑Amyloid Aggregation - University of Regensburg...Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors with Photoswitchable Inhibition of β‑Amyloid Aggregation - University of Regensburg...
Photochromic cholinesterase inhibitors were obtained from cis-1,2-α-dithienylethene-based compounds by incorporating one or two aminopolymethylene tacrine groups. All target compounds are potent acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors in the nanomolar concentration range. Compound 11b bearing an octylene linker exhibited interactions with both the catalytic active site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. Yet upon irradiation with light, the mechanism of interaction varied from one photochromic form to another, which was investigated by kinetic studies and proved photoswitchable. The AChE-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation assay gave further experimental support to this finding: Aβ1-40 aggregation catalyzed by the PAS of AChE might be inhibited by compound 11b in a concentration-dependent manner and seems to occur only with one photochromic form. Computational docking studies provided potential binding modes of the compound. Docking studies and molecular ...
https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31509/
6-Methyluracil derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimers disease | Read by QxMD6-Methyluracil derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimers disease | Read by QxMD
BACKGROUND: Alzheimers disease (AD) is the major age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The brain of AD patients suffers from loss of cholinergic neurons and decreased number of synapses [1]. AD is caused by an imbalance between Aβ production and clearance, resulting in increased amount of Aβ in various forms [2]. Reduction of Aβ production and increasing clearance of Aβ pathogenic forms are key targets in the development of potential therapeutic agents for AD treatment. Unfortunately, only nosotropic approaches for treatment of AD are currently effective in humans. These approaches mainly focus on the inhibition of brain acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) to increase lifetime of cerebral acetylcholine [3]. It is important to emphasize that AChE itself promotes the formation of Aβ fibrils in vitro and Aβ plaques in the cerebral cortex of transgenic mouse models of AD [4]. This property of AChE results from interaction between Aβ and the peripheral anionic site of the enzyme (PAS) ...
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26639718/6-methyluracil-derivatives-as-acetylcholinesterase-inhibitors-for-treatment-of-alzheimer-s-disease
SearchSearch
Characterization and gene cloning of acetylecholinesterase (AChE) in the insecticide-resistant (R) and -susceptible (S) insects have been reported in the past. However, the studies focused mostly on herbivorous pests, rather than predacious species, such as ladybird beetles. Using R and S Propylaea japonica (thunberg), a full-length cDNA sequence (2928 bp) of the ace1-type AChE gene was determined for the first time. The ace1 encoding a protein of 645 amino acids contained typical conserved motifs, such as FGESAG domains, catalytic triad, acyl pocket, oxyanino hole, choline binding site, peripheral anionic site, omega loop and conserved aromatic residues. R P. japonica displayed 50-times greater resistance to chlorpyrifos or mathamidophos with a significantly lower AChE sensitivity to paraoxon, malaoxon, chlorpyrifos or methamidophos than its S counterpart. Five amino acids in the ace1 of R P. japonica differed from those found in S P. japonica. One of them, F358S, located in the acyl-binding ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=L.Y.%20Xing&eventCode=SE-AU
Acetylcholinesterase - definition of acetylcholinesterase by The Free DictionaryAcetylcholinesterase - definition of acetylcholinesterase by The Free Dictionary
Define acetylcholinesterase. acetylcholinesterase synonyms, acetylcholinesterase pronunciation, acetylcholinesterase translation, English dictionary definition of acetylcholinesterase. n. An enzyme in the blood and in certain tissues that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine. n an enzyme in nerve cells that is responsible for the...
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/acetylcholinesterase
Structure Cluster - 1PWC: penicilloyl acyl enzyme complex of the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase with penicillin G 3D...Structure Cluster - 1PWC: penicilloyl acyl enzyme complex of the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase with penicillin G 3D...
1PWC: Crystal structures of complexes between the R61 DD-peptidase and peptidoglycan-mimetic beta-lactams: a non-covalent complex with a
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/structureCluster.do?structureId=1PWC
RCSB PDB - 1PWD: Covalent acyl enzyme complex of the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase with cephalosporin C Macromolecule...RCSB PDB - 1PWD: Covalent acyl enzyme complex of the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase with cephalosporin C Macromolecule...
1PWD: Crystal structures of complexes between the R61 DD-peptidase and peptidoglycan-mimetic beta-lactams: a non-covalent complex with a
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/derivedData.do?structureId=1PWD
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 8-hydroxy-2,7-naphthyridin-2-ium salts as novel inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE...Synthesis and biological evaluation of 8-hydroxy-2,7-naphthyridin-2-ium salts as novel inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE...
By analogy with the natural product chelerythrine, which has been identified as an inhibitor of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), we prepared a small series of 8-hydroxy-2,7-naphthyridin-2-ium salts. Spectroscopic analyses allowed us to elucidate the zwitterionic nature of 2,
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2017/MD/C6MD00647G
Is Heparin really necessary | IV-Therapy.netIs Heparin really necessary | IV-Therapy.net
Is it true that using the positive pressure or positive deplacement ports on PICC lines eliminates the need for Heparin flushes? Why is it necessary to use Heparin flushes with PICC lines having a negative pressure port. If the line isnt used for blood draws, why the need for heparin? Peripheral saline locks dont require heparin. The blood flow at the tip of the PICC is far greater than that of a peripheral site. Why Heparin?
https://iv-therapy.net/topic/heparin-really-necessary
Mouse (Murine) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Protein, Recombinant | ABIN6301593Mouse (Murine) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Protein, Recombinant | ABIN6301593
Recombinant Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Protein. Species: Mouse (Murine). Source: Escherichia coli (E. coli). Order product ABIN6301593.
https://www.antibodies-online.com/protein/6301593/Acetylcholinesterase+AChE+protein/
Jobs in oxon hill, marylandJobs in oxon hill, maryland
The latest jobs in oxon hill, maryland including IT, Engineering, Finance, Sales, Marketing and other sectors. CareerBoard is the best place to find oxon hill maryland jobs.
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50 Memory Care Facilities Near Oxon Hill, MD | A Place for Mom50 Memory Care Facilities Near Oxon Hill, MD | A Place for Mom
See pricing, reviews, & photos for Memory Care facilities near Oxon Hill, MD. Our local Advisors are here to answer your questions.
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Viginal bleeding for 3 days and aches like on a period, but have been in menopores for 5 yViginal bleeding for 3 days and aches like on a period, but have been in menopores for 5 y
Question - Viginal bleeding for 3 days and aches like on a period, but have been in menopores for 5 y - FF. Find the answer to this and other Medical questions on JustAnswer
http://www.justanswer.co.uk/medical/81u2j-viginal-bleeding-days-aches-menopores.html
Tetrahydrobenzo[h][1,6]naphthyridine-6-chlorotacrine hybrids as a new family of anti-Alzheimer agents targeting beta-amyloid,...Tetrahydrobenzo[h][1,6]naphthyridine-6-chlorotacrine hybrids as a new family of anti-Alzheimer agents targeting beta-amyloid,...
Optimization of an essentially inactive 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline carboxylic ester derivative as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) peripheral anionic site (PAS)-binding motif by double O → NH bioisosteric replacement, combined with molecular hybridization with the AChE catalytic anionic site (CAS) inhibitor 6-chlorotacrine and molecular dynamics-driven optimization of the length of the linker has resulted in the development of the trimethylene-linked 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[h][1,6] ...
http://www.recercat.cat/handle/2072/241529
Synthesis and in silico evaluation of 1N-methyl-1S-methyl-2- nitroethylene (NMSM) derivatives against Alzheimer disease: to...Synthesis and in silico evaluation of 1N-methyl-1S-methyl-2- nitroethylene (NMSM) derivatives against Alzheimer disease: to...
Anomalous action of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) in Alzheimers disease (AD) was restrained by various AChE inhibitors, of which the specific and potent lead candidate Donepezil is used for treating the disease AD. Besides the specificity, the observed undesirable side effects caused by Donepezil invoked the quest for new lead molecules with the increased potency and specificity for AChE. The present study elucidates the potency of six 1N-methyl-1S-methyl-2-nitroethylene (NMSM) derivatives to form a specific interaction with the peripheral anionic site and catalytic anionic subsite residues of hAChE. The NMSMs were prepared in good yield from 1,1-di(methylsulfanyl)-2-nitroethy-lene and primary amine (or) amino acid esters. In silico interaction analysis reveals specific and potent interactions between hAChE and selected ligand molecules. The site-specific interactions formed between these molecules also results in a conformational change in the orientation of active site residues of hAChE, ...
https://chemaxon.com/publication/synthesis-and-in-silico-evaluation-of-1n-methyl-1s-methyl-2-nitroethylene-nmsm-derivatives-against-alzheimer-disease-to-understand-their-interacting-mechanism-with-acetylcholinesterase
Effects of String Stiffness on Muscle Fatigue after a Simulated Tennis Match | ISMEffects of String Stiffness on Muscle Fatigue after a Simulated Tennis Match | ISM
We tested the influence o f string stiffness on the occurrence o f forearm m uscle fatigue during a tennis m atch. Sixteen tennis play- ers perform ed tw o prolonged sim ulated tennis m atches w ith low-stiffness or high-stiffness string. Before and im m ediately after exercise, m uscle fatigability was evaluated on the forearm muscles during a m axim al interm ittent gripping task. G roundstroke ball speeds and the profile o f acceleration o f the racquet fram e at collision w ere recorded during each match. The peak-to-peak am plitude o f acceleration and the resonant frequency o f the fram e w ere significantly greater with high-(5060 ± 1892 m /s2 and 204 ± 29 Hz, respectively) than w ith low-stiffness string (4704 ± 1671 m /s2 and 191 ± 16 Hz, respectively). The m axim al and the averaged gripping forces developed during the gripping task were significantly reduced after the tennis m atch with high-(-1 5 ± 14%, and-2 2 ± 14%, respectively), but not with low-stiffness string. The ...
https://ism.univ-amu.fr/doc/hal-01659904/_1
COLQ collagen like tail subunit of asymmetric acetylcholinesterase [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBICOLQ collagen like tail subunit of asymmetric acetylcholinesterase [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
This gene encodes the subunit of a collagen-like molecule associated with acetylcholinesterase in skeletal muscle. Each molecule is composed of three identical subunits. Each subunit contains a proline-rich attachment domain (PRAD) that binds an acetylcholinesterase tetramer to anchor the catalytic subunit of the enzyme to the basal lamina. Mutations in this gene are associated with endplate acetylcholinesterase deficiency. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8292
Patent EP14181820 - Choline esters for treating... - IP Industry BasePatent EP14181820 - Choline esters for treating... - IP Industry Base
The IP Industry Base is a public available database about the global market of IP practitioners. Currently is provides high-quality profiles of more than 4910 companies, 15690 professionals and 4270 places. The service of the IP Industry Base is dedicated to technology managers, IP professionals and IPR academia. The open data of the IP Industry Base aims to create transparency for the market of IP practitioners.
https://ipib.ci.moez.fraunhofer.de/epo_patents/EP14181820
A peptide derived from acetylcholinesterase induces neuronal cell death: characterisation of possible mechanisms | SpringerLinkA peptide derived from acetylcholinesterase induces neuronal cell death: characterisation of possible mechanisms | SpringerLink
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) exhibits functions unrelated to the catalysis of acetylcholine (ACh) in particular during development. Although the underlying mechanism(s) is presently unknown, a candidat
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00221-003-1567-5
Increased rate of acetylcholinesterase synthesis in differentiating ne by K W. Lanks, J M. Dorwin et al.Increased rate of acetylcholinesterase synthesis in differentiating ne by K W. Lanks, J M. Dorwin et al.
Lanks, K W.; Dorwin, J M.; and Papirmeister, B, Increased rate of acetylcholinesterase synthesis in differentiating neuroblastoma cells. (1974). Subject Strain Bibliography 1974. 492 ...
https://mouseion.jax.org/ssbb1974/492/
List of MeSH codes (D02)List of MeSH codes (D02)
... acetylthiocholine MeSH D02.092.877.883.333.800.200 - butyrylthiocholine MeSH D02.092.877.883.555 - methacholine compounds MeSH ... acetylthiocholine MeSH D02.675.276.232.800.200 - butyrylthiocholine MeSH D02.675.276.352 - edrophonium MeSH D02.675.276.370 - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D02)
AcetylthiocholineAcetylthiocholine
... is an acetylcholine analog used in scientific research. "Acetylthiocholine - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih. ... "Reaction Pathway and Free Energy Profiles for Butyrylcholinesterase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Acetylthiocholine". Biochemistry. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylthiocholine
Acetylthiocholine - WikipediaAcetylthiocholine - Wikipedia
Acetylthiocholine is an acetylcholine analog used in scientific research. "Acetylthiocholine - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih. ... "Reaction Pathway and Free Energy Profiles for Butyrylcholinesterase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Acetylthiocholine". Biochemistry. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylthiocholine
Acetylthiocholine chloride ≥99% (TLC), powder | Sigma-AldrichAcetylthiocholine chloride ≥99% (TLC), powder | Sigma-Aldrich
Acetylthiocholine chloride for your research needs. Find product specific information including CAS, MSDS, protocols and ...
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/a5626?lang=en®ion=US
Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as Substrate and Ethopropazine as...Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as Substrate and Ethopropazine as...
... suggested for measuring acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities in human whole blood using acetylthiocholine ... E. Reiner, A. Bosak i V. Simeon-Rudolf, "Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as ... Reiner E, Bosak A, Simeon-Rudolf V. Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as ... Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as Substrate and Ethopropazine as Selective ...
https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=782
Sensors | Free Full-Text | Critical Evaluation of Acetylthiocholine Iodide and Acetylthiocholine Chloride as Substrates for...Sensors | Free Full-Text | Critical Evaluation of Acetylthiocholine Iodide and Acetylthiocholine Chloride as Substrates for...
We investigate the possibility of using acetylthiocholine iodide as pseudosubstrate for amperometric detection. Our ... is quantified by the oxidation of the thiocholine that is produced enzymatically by the hydrolysis of the acetylthiocholine ... investigation demonstrates that operational conditions for any amperometric biosensor that use acetylthiocholine iodide must be ... Keywords: acetylthiocholine iodide; acetylthiocholine chloride; amperometry; acetylcholinesterase acetylthiocholine iodide; ...
http://mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/2/1603/xml
AID 1097367 - Inhibition of AChE in po dosed Charles Foster albino Rattus norvegicus (rat) assessed as hydrolysis of...AID 1097367 - Inhibition of AChE in po dosed Charles Foster albino Rattus norvegicus (rat) assessed as hydrolysis of...
... assessed as hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide per mg of protein in hypothalamus administered qd for 7 days measured 1 hr ...
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1097367
AID 1070082 - Inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate preincubated...AID 1070082 - Inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate preincubated...
Inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate preincubated for 15 mins ...
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1070082
RCSB PDB - AT3 Ligand Summary PageRCSB PDB - AT3 Ligand Summary Page
ACETYLTHIOCHOLINE. AT3 as a free ligand exists in 3 entries. Examples include: 2HA5 2C58 2C4H ...
http://www.rcsb.org/ligand/AT3
Acetylthiocholine iodide, 1 g | A to Z | Chemikalien | Carl Roth - SwitzerlandAcetylthiocholine iodide, 1 g | A to Z | Chemikalien | Carl Roth - Switzerland
S-Acetylthiocholine iodide. Empirical formula C7H16NOSI. Molar mass (M) 289,18 g/mol. Melting point (mp) 210 °C. Storage temp ...
https://www.carlroth.com/ch/en/a-to-z/acetylthiocholine-iodide/p/4001.1
RCSB PDB - Launch Viewer for 2HA5RCSB PDB - Launch Viewer for 2HA5
Crystal structure of mutant S203A of acetylcholinesterase complexed with acetylthiocholine. Display Files *FASTA Sequence ...
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/viewerLaunch.do?viewerType=SV&structureId=2HA5&unit=bio&unit_id=1
Acetylcholinesterase sensor based on screen-printed carbon electrode modified with prussian blue | SpringerLinkAcetylcholinesterase sensor based on screen-printed carbon electrode modified with prussian blue | SpringerLink
acetylthiocholine. This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00216-005-0002-0
Sensors | Free Full-Text | Nanomaterials - Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme Matrices for Organophosphorus Pesticides Electrochemical...Sensors | Free Full-Text | Nanomaterials - Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme Matrices for Organophosphorus Pesticides Electrochemical...
Keywords: acetylcholinesterase; organophosphorus compounds; pesticides; thiocholine; acetylthiocholine; nanomaterials ...
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/6/4034
Patent US5185350 - Substituted pyridinylamino-1h-indoles,1h-indazoles,2h-indazoles, benzo (b ... - Google PatentsPatent US5185350 - Substituted pyridinylamino-1h-indoles,1h-indazoles,2h-indazoles, benzo (b ... - Google Patents
a) 198 mg acetylthiocholine chloride (10 mM). (b) bring to 100 ml with 0.05M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 ...
http://www.google.com/patents/US5185350
Neuroprotective Effect of Phyllanthus acidus L. on Learning and Memory Impairment in Scopolamine-Induced Animal Model of...Neuroprotective Effect of Phyllanthus acidus L. on Learning and Memory Impairment in Scopolamine-Induced Animal Model of...
Acetyl thiocholine iodide (ATCI), 5,5-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoate ion (DTNB), trisfamino methane hydrochloride (Tris-HCl), bovine ...
https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=67408
List of MeSH codes (D02) - WikipediaList of MeSH codes (D02) - Wikipedia
... acetylthiocholine MeSH D02.092.877.883.333.800.200 - butyrylthiocholine MeSH D02.092.877.883.555 - methacholine compounds MeSH ... acetylthiocholine MeSH D02.675.276.232.800.200 - butyrylthiocholine MeSH D02.675.276.352 - edrophonium MeSH D02.675.276.370 - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D02)
Distribution of cholinesterases in insects. - PubMed - NCBIDistribution of cholinesterases in insects. - PubMed - NCBI
In general, acetylthiocholine was hydrolysed slightly more rapidly by insect cholinesterases. A unique cholinesterase was found ... Kinetic data indicate that acetylthiocholine has a greater affinity than does phenyl thioacetate for a variety of enzyme ... The utility of histochemistry in conjunction with in vitro methods is discussed.The substrates acetylthiocholine and phenyl ... Ultrastructural evidence shows that cholinesterases that hydrolyse acetylthiocholine are membrane-bound. Phenyl thioacetate was ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5315359?dopt=Abstract
A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays | ProtocolA Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays | Protocol
Prepare 1 mM acetylthiocholine iodide (ATCh: Mr 289.18 g/mol) in 4% glycerol, 25 mM Tris (pH 7.0) in a 1.5 ml microcentrifuge ... Acetylthiocholine iodide. Sigma-Alderich. 1480. Acetylcholinesterase from Electrophorus electricus (electric eel). Sigma- ...
https://www.jove.com/t/50689/a-guided-materials-screening-approach-for-developing-quantitative-sol
Nickel in Soil Modifies Sensitivity to Diazinon Measured by the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase, Catalase, and Glutathione S...Nickel in Soil Modifies Sensitivity to Diazinon Measured by the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase, Catalase, and Glutathione S...
Activity is expressed as nmol acetylthiocholine min−1 mg−1 protein.. The catalase (CAT) activity was determined by monitoring ... The principle of this method is the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide by AChE, and spectrophotometrical detection (410 nm ... Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (nmol hydrolysed acetylthiocholine iodide*min−1*mg−1 protein), S-glutathione transferase ( ... of the yellow product of the reaction of acetylthiocholine with DTNB in adequate milieu. ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aess/2013/642098/
AChR Activators | SCBT - Santa Cruz BiotechnologyAChR Activators | SCBT - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Acetylthiocholine chloride A substrate for acetylcholinesterase 6050-81-3. sc-257066 sc-257066A 1 g. 5 g. $65.00 $245.00 0 ... Acetylthiocholine iodide A nAChR agonist and substrate of acetylcholinesterase 1866-15-5. sc-208323 sc-208323A sc-208323B sc- ...
https://www.scbt.com/scbt/browse/AChR-Activators/_/N-1emufxw
Plus itPlus it
... acetylthiocholine (ASCh; □), or choline (chol; ▴). Log EC50 values and Hill coefficients (± S.E.M.) are provided in Table 2, ... and perhaps acetylthiocholine; and very weak potency for choline (Fig. 7, Table 2). Lobeline (not shown) and succinylcholine ... 100 μM acetylthiocholine (75%) » 3.8 mM (estimated) choline (22% at 1 mM). Self-inhibitory IC50 values were also determined for ... 7.1 μM acetylthiocholine » 290 μM choline. Lobeline (IC50 = 76 nM) had ligand binding competition potency greater than any ...
http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/64/6/1283
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Why is Aged Acetylcholinesterase So Difficult to Reactivate? | HTMLMolecules | Free Full-Text | Why is Aged Acetylcholinesterase So Difficult to Reactivate? | HTML
... acetylthio)choline. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 2981-2987. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] ... Consider the acylation transition state for AChE catalyzed hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine (ATCh). By measuring β-deuterium ... A secondary isotope effect study of equine serum butyrylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine. Chem. Biol. ... The reactant state for substrate-activated turnover of acetylthiocholine by butyrylcholinesterase is a tetrahedral intermediate ...
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/9/1464/htm
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Volume 57 Issue 11-12 (2002)Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Volume 57 Issue 11-12 (2002)
Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Acetylthiocholine by Butyrylcholine Esterase By: Karel Komers, Alexandr Čegan and Marek ...
https://www.degruyter.com/abstract/journals/znc/57/11-12/znc.57.issue-11-12.xml
Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 10th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2011, Puebla,...Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 10th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2011, Puebla,...
Predicting the Behavior of the Interaction of Acetylthiocholine, pH and Temperature of an Acetylcholinesterase Sensor ...
https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783642253232?wt_mc=ThirdParty.SpringerLink.3.EPR653.About_eBook
Experimental Applications | Springer for Research & DevelopmentExperimental Applications | Springer for Research & Development
A DNA sequence encoding the brain and muscle form of human AChE (AChE-T) was constructed in our laboratory from cloned cDNA and genomic sequences, and tentatively identified by its homology to known...
https://rd.springer.com/protocol/10.1385/0-89603-457-7%3A89
Spectral Database Index: ATR-IR - Standards 3 - Bio‑Rad SadtlerSpectral Database Index: ATR-IR - Standards 3 - Bio‑Rad Sadtler
Acetylthiocholine iodide. Adenosine-5-triphosphoric acid, disodium salt. Allophanic acid amide; Carbamoylurea. ...
http://www.knowitall.com/literature/indices/Spectral_Index.asp?cc=STW3X
ACHE Recombinant Mouse Protein, His Tag, Invitrogen™ Sino Biological™ | Fisher ScientificACHE Recombinant Mouse Protein, His Tag, Invitrogen™ Sino Biological™ | Fisher Scientific
Activity: Measured by its ability to cleave acetylthiocholine; the specific activity is ,250nM/min./μg ...
https://www.fishersci.ca/shop/products/sino-biological-ache-recombinant-mouse-protein-his-tag/p-5191081
SCOPe 2.07: Structural Classification of Proteins - extendedSCOPe 2.07: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended
Description: torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase in complex with 500mm acetylthiocholine. Class: hydrolase. Keywords: ...
https://scop.berkeley.edu/pdb/code=2c4h
Hetero compounds with composition C H N O SHetero compounds with composition C H N O S
... acetylthiocholine; 2-(((1s)-1-hydroxyethyl)thio)-n,n,n- trimethylethanaminium Get C7 H16 N2 O2 S = bbc = 3-((4-aminobutyl) ...
http://xray.bmc.uu.se/hicup/comp/C_H_N_O_S_comp.html
Erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus | Biochemical Journal | Portland PressErythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus | Biochemical Journal | Portland Press
4. The Km of the enzyme for acetylthiocholine iodide was unchanged; however, the Vmax. was decreased, suggesting a decrease in ...
https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article/259/3/897/26054/Erythrocyte-membrane-acetylcholinesterase-in-type
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Following Crush Injury to Rat Peroneal Nerve by Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Mushroom Hericium...Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Following Crush Injury to Rat Peroneal Nerve by Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Mushroom Hericium...
Sections were incubated in acetylthiocholine iodide solution in order to stain acetylcholinesterase in the motor endplates. ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2011/580752/
IodideHydrolysis of AcetylthiocholineAcetylcholinesteraseChlorideAcetylcholineAChESubstratesThiocholineEnzymeAssayCholinesterasesProductGeneralPublications
Iodide11
  • We investigate the possibility of using acetylthiocholine iodide as pseudosubstrate for amperometric detection. (mdpi.com)
  • Our investigation demonstrates that operational conditions for any amperometric biosensor that use acetylthiocholine iodide must be thoroughly optimized to avoid false analytical signals or a reduced sensitivity. (mdpi.com)
  • Bucur M-P, Bucur B, Radu G-L. Critical Evaluation of Acetylthiocholine Iodide and Acetylthiocholine Chloride as Substrates for Amperometric Biosensors Based on Acetylcholinesterase. (mdpi.com)
  • The amount of enzyme causing the hydrolysis of one micromole of acetylthiocholine iodide per minute at 25 C and pH 8.0. (calzyme.com)
  • 0.033 M Acetylthiocholine Iodide (9.2 mg/ml) in H 2 O. (calzyme.com)
  • The substrate used in the assay system is acetylthiocholine iodide, the ester of thiocholine and acetic acid. (pharmatutor.org)
  • The results to be expressed as nmols of acetylthiocholine iodide hydrolyzed/min/mg protein. (pharmatutor.org)
  • AChE activity was determined spectrophotometrically using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate in the erythrocyte and liver. (trjfas.org)
  • One unit will hydrolyze 1.0 μmole of acetylthiocholine iodide per min at pH 7.4 at 37°C. (creative-enzymes.com)
  • In the DTNB (dithiobis nitrobenzoic acid) method, substrate sensitivity depended on the animal species - propionylthiocholine iodide (PTC) was most sensitive in horse, dog and cat serum, butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTC) and PTC were more reactive to monkey serum, and acetylthiocholine iodide (ATC) was most effective in pig and cattle serum. (eurekamag.com)
  • The plate was sprayed with 5,5'-dithiobis(2nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB)/acetylthiocholine iodide ( ATCI ) reagent (1mM DTNB and 1mM ATCI in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8) until the silica was carefully saturated with the solvent. (thefreedictionary.com)
Hydrolysis of Acetylthiocholine4
  • Hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine by AChE shows true first-order kinetics with a turnover of 64,000 sec -1 . (caymanchem.com)
  • Non-enzymatic hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine in buffer is essentially absent. (caymanchem.com)
  • The (R)- and (S)-acetates also act as nonstereoselective inhibitors of the enzyme-induced hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine. (srce.hr)
  • In this work, we detected AChE at the interface between stele and cortex of the mesocotyl of Zea mays by measuring hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine and by liberation of labeled acetate from [1- 14 C]ACh. (plantphysiol.org)
Acetylcholinesterase4
  • A procedure is suggested for measuring acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities in human whole blood using acetylthiocholine as a substrate and ethopropazine as a selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase. (srce.hr)
  • Recombinant P. papatasi AChE1 was expressed in the baculovirus system and characterized as an insect acetylcholinesterase with substrate preference for acetylthiocholine and inhibition at high substrate concentration. (usda.gov)
  • Acetylthiocholine binds to asp74 at the peripheral site of human acetylcholinesterase as the first step in the catalytic pathway. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of extracts solubilized with Triton X-100 from heads and decapitated bodies revealed five major esterase bands and an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) band with a high capability of hydrolyzing α-naphthyl butyrate and acetylthiocholine, respectively. (unl.edu)
Chloride1
  • The optimal conditions for enzyme catalytic reaction on the SPEs surfaces were acetylthiocholine chloride (ATChCl) concentration of 5 mmol/L, pH 7 and reaction time of 4 min. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Acetylcholine3
  • Acetylthiocholine is an acetylcholine analog used in scientific research. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Enzymatic Hydrolysis of the beta-Methyl Derivatives of Acetylcholine and Acetylthiocholine. (actachemscand.dk)
  • and Zheng, Wencui, "Theoretical Investigations of Acetylcholine (ACh) and Acetylthiocholine (ATCh) Using ab Initio and Effective Fragment Potential Methods" (2004). (iastate.edu)
AChE4
  • AChE assays are developed with Ellman's Reagent , which contains acetylthiocholine as the substrate. (caymanchem.com)
  • The substrate, acetylthiocholine is hydrolyzed into thiocholine and acetate by the enzyme AChE. (pharmatutor.org)
  • Here, we present the crystal structures of Torpedo californica AChE complexed with the substrate acetylthiocholine, the product thiocholine and a nonhydrolysable substrate analogue. (proteopedia.org)
  • AE-2 partially inhibited the rate of hydrolysis of the charged substrate acetylthiocholine by FBS AChE, whereas it increased the rate of hydrolysis of the neutral substrate indophenyl acetate. (aspetjournals.org)
Substrates3
  • The utility of histochemistry in conjunction with in vitro methods is discussed.The substrates acetylthiocholine and phenyl thioacetate were utilized in demonstrating cholinesterase. (nih.gov)
  • Substrates for the assay included acetylthiocholine (ATC) and butyrylthiocholine (BTC). (cdc.gov)
  • Under the conditions of chronic anthropogenic pollution, the cholinesterase of the mussel hemolymph loses its ability to hydrolyze substrates other than acetylthiocholine. (deepdyve.com)
Thiocholine2
  • The analytical signal is quantified by the oxidation of the thiocholine that is produced enzymatically by the hydrolysis of the acetylthiocholine pseudosubstrate. (mdpi.com)
  • The thiocholine esters, acetylthiocholine, butyrylthiocholine and acetyl-β-methylthiocholine, were considerably more potent than was ACh. (aspetjournals.org)
Enzyme1
  • Kinetic data indicate that acetylthiocholine has a greater affinity than does phenyl thioacetate for a variety of enzyme sources. (nih.gov)
Assay1
  • test results obtained using a conversion factor which standardizes to the acetylthiocholine assay at 25°C. (sbmflab.org)
Cholinesterases4
  • Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as Substrate and Ethopropazine as. (srce.hr)
  • Activity of Cholinesterases in Human Whole Blood Measured with Acetylthiocholine as Substrate and Ethopropazine as Selective Inhibitor of Plasma Butytylcholinesterase', Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju , 55(1), str. (srce.hr)
  • In general, acetylthiocholine was hydrolysed slightly more rapidly by insect cholinesterases. (nih.gov)
  • Ultrastructural evidence shows that cholinesterases that hydrolyse acetylthiocholine are membrane-bound. (nih.gov)
Product1
  • These structures provide a series of static snapshots of the substrate en route to the active site and identify, for the first time, binding of substrate and product at both the peripheral and active sites. (proteopedia.org)
General1
  • The disparate pH dependences for reactivation of ChE and the general base-catalyzed oximolysis of acetylthiocholine reveal that distinct reactivator ionization states are involved in the reactivation of ChE conjugates and in conferring nucleophilic reactivity of the oxime group. (elsevier.com)
Publications1
  • Office for Publications of the European Union L-2985 Luxembourg EN Case No COMP/M.7435 - MERCK/ SIGMA-ALDRICH Only the English text is available and authentic. (safirazmakian.com)
Acetylcholinesterase sensor based on screen-printed carbon electrode modified with prussian blue | SpringerLink
Acetylcholinesterase sensor based on screen-printed carbon electrode modified with prussian blue | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays | Protocol
A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays | Protocol (jove.com)
AChR Activators | SCBT - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
AChR Activators | SCBT - Santa Cruz Biotechnology (scbt.com)
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Volume 57 Issue 11-12 (2002)
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C Volume 57 Issue 11-12 (2002) (degruyter.com)
Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 10th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2011, Puebla,...
Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 10th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2011, Puebla,... (springer.com)
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Ginger and Propolis Exert Neuroprotective Effects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced...
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Ginger and Propolis Exert Neuroprotective Effects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced... (mdpi.com)
Experimental Applications | Springer for Research & Development
Experimental Applications | Springer for Research & Development (rd.springer.com)
ACHE Recombinant Mouse Protein, His Tag, Invitrogen™ Sino Biological™ | Fisher Scientific
ACHE Recombinant Mouse Protein, His Tag, Invitrogen™ Sino Biological™ | Fisher Scientific (fishersci.ca)
Effects of Launaea procumbens on brain antioxidant enzymes and cognitive performance of rat | BMC Complementary and Alternative...
Effects of Launaea procumbens on brain antioxidant enzymes and cognitive performance of rat | BMC Complementary and Alternative... (bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com)
The ACE™ Advantage | Cayman Chemical
The ACE™ Advantage | Cayman Chemical (caymanchem.com)
Frontiers | Nootropic and Neuroprotective Effects of Dichrocephala integrifolia on Scopolamine Mouse Model of Alzheimer's...
Frontiers | Nootropic and Neuroprotective Effects of Dichrocephala integrifolia on Scopolamine Mouse Model of Alzheimer's... (frontiersin.org)
Enantiomers of Quinuclidin-3-ol Derivatives: Resolution and Interactions with Human Cholinesterases
Enantiomers of Quinuclidin-3-ol Derivatives: Resolution and Interactions with Human Cholinesterases (hrcak.srce.hr)
Ameliorating Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Ficus hispida Linn. on Amyloid beta Aβ (25-35) Induced Cognitive Deficits...
Ameliorating Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Ficus hispida Linn. on Amyloid beta Aβ (25-35) Induced Cognitive Deficits... (scialert.net)
Plus it
Plus it (jneurosci.org)
Pascale Marchot, Structural Glycobiology and Neurobiology team - AFMB UMR 7257
Pascale Marchot, "Structural Glycobiology and Neurobiology" team - AFMB UMR 7257 (afmb.univ-mrs.fr)
The role of Tyro 3 subfamily receptors in the regulation of hemostasis and megakaryocytopoiesis | Haematologica
The role of Tyro 3 subfamily receptors in the regulation of hemostasis and megakaryocytopoiesis | Haematologica (haematologica.org)
NEODYMIUM PERCHLORATE, HYDRATED (CAS 17522-69-9) Market Research Report 2018
NEODYMIUM PERCHLORATE, HYDRATED (CAS 17522-69-9) Market Research Report 2018 (marketpublishers.com)
Frontiers | Synergistic Effects of Curcumin and Piperine as Potent Acetylcholine and Amyloidogenic Inhibitors With Significant...
Frontiers | Synergistic Effects of Curcumin and Piperine as Potent Acetylcholine and Amyloidogenic Inhibitors With Significant... (frontiersin.org)
Acta Chemica Scandinavica
Acta Chemica Scandinavica (actachemscand.dk)
A MAJOR APPROACH- 2-CHLOROPYRIDINE-5-TRIFLUOROMETHYL DERIVATIVE AS ANTIAMNESIC AGENTS | Page 4 | PharmaTutor
A MAJOR APPROACH- 2-CHLOROPYRIDINE-5-TRIFLUOROMETHYL DERIVATIVE AS ANTIAMNESIC AGENTS | Page 4 | PharmaTutor (pharmatutor.org)
2c5g - Proteopedia, life in 3D
2c5g - Proteopedia, life in 3D (proteopedia.org)
Plus it
Plus it (jneurosci.org)
Cerium( iv ) oxide nanoparticles induce sublethal changes in honeybees after chronic exposure - Environmental Science: Nano ...
Cerium( iv ) oxide nanoparticles induce sublethal changes in honeybees after chronic exposure - Environmental Science: Nano ... (pubs.rsc.org)
Hemolymph cholinesterase activity in the Mussel Crenomytilus grayanus (Dunker, 1853) that was exposed to adverse natural and...
Hemolymph cholinesterase activity in the Mussel Crenomytilus grayanus (Dunker, 1853) that was exposed to adverse natural and... (deepdyve.com)
Frontiers | Homomeric and Heteromeric Aβ Species Exist in Human Brain and CSF Regardless of Alzheimer's Disease Status and Risk...
Frontiers | Homomeric and Heteromeric Aβ Species Exist in Human Brain and CSF Regardless of Alzheimer's Disease Status and Risk... (frontiersin.org)
Immunodetection of Serum Albumin Adducts as Biomarkers for Organophosphorus Exposure | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental...
Immunodetection of Serum Albumin Adducts as Biomarkers for Organophosphorus Exposure | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental... (jpet.aspetjournals.org)
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (trjfas.org)
Gammarids Species in Tunisia, what Indicator Interest Cans it Prove on Fresh Waters Bio-monitoring?
Gammarids Species in Tunisia, what Indicator Interest Cans it Prove on Fresh Waters Bio-monitoring? (omicsonline.org)
Pesticides diazinon and diuron increase glutathione levels and affect multixenobiotic resistance activity and biomarker...
Pesticides diazinon and diuron increase glutathione levels and affect multixenobiotic resistance activity and biomarker... (enveurope.springeropen.com)
Find Research Outputs - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Find Research Outputs - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (experts.illinois.edu)
Immobilized Enzyme Reactors: an Overview of Applications in Drug Discovery from 2008 to 2018 | Springer for Research &...
Immobilized Enzyme Reactors: an Overview of Applications in Drug Discovery from 2008 to 2018 | Springer for Research &... (rd.springer.com)