OrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and Processes
AcetoinAcetoin DehydrogenaseButanonesButylene GlycolsDiacetylLeuconostocFermentationAcetaldehydeAlcohol Oxidoreductases
Acetoin
A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.
Acetoin Dehydrogenase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetoin to diacetyl in the presence of NAD.
Butanones
Butylene Glycols
4-carbon straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons substituted with two hydroxyl groups. The hydroxyl groups cannot be on the same carbon atom.
Diacetyl
Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee, and other foods.
Leuconostoc
A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacteria whose growth is dependent on the presence of a fermentable carbohydrate. It is nonpathogenic to plants and animals, including humans.
Fermentation
Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.
Acetaldehyde
A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.
Alcohol Oxidoreductases
A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).

Biochemical and molecular characterization of the Bacillus subtilis acetoin catabolic pathway. (1/91)

A recent study indicated that Bacillus subtilis catabolizes acetoin by enzymes encoded by the acu gene cluster (F. J. Grundy, D. A. Waters, T. Y. Takova, and T. M. Henkin, Mol. Microbiol. 10:259-271, 1993) that are completely different from those in the multicomponent acetoin dehydrogenase enzyme system (AoDH ES) encoded by aco gene clusters found before in all other bacteria capable of utilizing acetoin as the sole carbon source for growth. By hybridization with a DNA probe covering acoA and acoB of the AoDH ES from Clostridium magnum, genomic fragments from B. subtilis harboring acoA, acoB, acoC, acoL, and acoR homologous genes were identified, and some of them were functionally expressed in E. coli. Furthermore, acoA was inactivated in B. subtilis by disruptive mutagenesis; these mutants were impaired to express PPi-dependent AoDH E1 activity to remove acetoin from the medium and to grow with acetoin as the carbon source. Therefore, acetoin is catabolized in B. subtilis by the same mechanism as all other bacteria investigated so far, leaving the function of the previously described acu genes obscure.  (+info)

Three distinct phases of isoprene formation during growth and sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. (2/91)

During growth on a glucose-tryptone medium, Bacillus subtilis 6051 (Marburg strain) exhibited three phases of isoprene (2-methyl-1, 3-butadiene) formation, corresponding to (i) glucose catabolism and secretion of acetoin, (ii) catabolism of acetoin, and (iii) the early stages of sporulation. These results establish an experimental system for studying the biological role of isoprene formation.  (+info)

Characterization of a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase as the Saccharomyces cerevisiae YAL060W gene product. Disruption and induction of the gene. (3/91)

The completion of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome project in 1996 showed that almost 60% of the potential open reading frames of the genome had no experimentally determined function. Using a conserved sequence motif present in the zinc-containing medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, we found several potential alcohol dehydrogenase genes with no defined function. One of these, YAL060W, was overexpressed using a multicopy inducible vector, and its protein product was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme was found to be a homodimer that, in the presence of NAD(+), but not of NADP, could catalyze the stereospecific oxidation of (2R,3R)-2, 3-butanediol (K(m) = 14 mm, k(cat) = 78,000 min(-)(1)) and meso-butanediol (K(m) = 65 mm, k(cat) = 46,000 min(-)(1)) to (3R)-acetoin and (3S)-acetoin, respectively. It was unable, however, to further oxidize these acetoins to diacetyl. In the presence of NADH, it could catalyze the stereospecific reduction of racemic acetoin ((3R/3S)- acetoin; K(m) = 4.5 mm, k(cat) = 98,000 min(-)(1)) to (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-butanediol, respectively. The substrate stereospecificity was determined by analysis of products by gas-liquid chromatography. The YAL060W gene product can therefore be classified as an NAD-dependent (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH). S. cerevisiae could grow on 2,3-butanediol as the sole carbon and energy source. Under these conditions, a 3. 5-fold increase in (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase activity was observed in the total cell extracts. The isoelectric focusing pattern of the induced enzyme coincided with that of the pure BDH (pI 6.9). The disruption of the YAL060W gene was not lethal for the yeast under laboratory conditions. The disrupted strain could also grow on 2,3-butanediol, although attaining a lesser cell density than the wild-type strain. Taking into consideration the substrate specificity of the YAL060W gene product, we propose the name of BDH for this gene. The corresponding enzyme is the first eukaryotic (2R, 3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase characterized of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family.  (+info)

An operon for a putative ATP-binding cassette transport system involved in acetoin utilization of Bacillus subtilis. (4/91)

The ytrABCDEF operon of Bacillus subtilis was deduced to encode a putative ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system. YtrB and YtrE could be the ABC subunits, and YtrC and YtrD are highly hydrophobic and could form a channel through the cell membrane, while YtrF could be a periplasmic lipoprotein for substrate binding. Expression of the operon was examined in cells grown in a minimal medium. The results indicate that the expression was induced only early in the stationary phase. The six ytr genes form a single operon, transcribed from a putative sigma(A)-dependent promoter present upstream of ytrA. YtrA, which possesses a helix-turn-helix motif of the GntR family, acts probably as a repressor and regulates its own transcription. Inactivation of the operon led to a decrease in maximum cell yield and less-efficient sporulation, suggesting its involvement in the growth in stationary phase and sporulation. It is known that B. subtilis produces acetoin as an external carbon storage compound and then reuses it later during stationary phase and sporulation. When either the entire ytr operon or its last gene, ytrF, was inactivated, the production of acetoin was not affected, but the reuse of acetoin became less efficient. We suggest that the Ytr transport system plays a role in acetoin utilization during stationary phase and sporulation.  (+info)

Bacillus subtilis ccpA gene mutants specifically defective in activation of acetoin biosynthesis. (5/91)

A large number of carbon source utilization pathways are repressed in Bacillus subtilis by the global regulator CcpA, which also acts as an activator of carbon excretion pathways during growth in media containing glucose. In this study, CcpA mutants defective in transcriptional activation of the alsSD operon, which is involved in acetoin biosynthesis, were identified. These mutants retained normal glucose repression of amyE, encoding alpha-amylase, and acsA, encoding acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, and normal activation of ackA, which is involved in acetate excretion; in these ccpA mutants the CcpA functions of activation of the acetate and acetoin excretion pathways appear to be separated.  (+info)

Analysis of acetoin and diacetyl in bacterial culture supernatants by gas-liquid chromatography. (6/91)

The acetoin and diacetyl contents of culture supernatants of Voges-Proskauer-positive "viridans" streptotocci, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, were determined by a gas liquid chromatographic procedure, in which supernatants were extracted with diethyl ether and diacetyl was measured on columns of 10% (wt/wt) polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) at 73 C. Acetoin was converted to diacetyl, before analysis, by a simple oxidation procedure with ferric chloride and without a distillation step. Streptococcal culture supernatants were shown by this method to contain only acetoin; supernatants of K. pneumoniae and S. aureus contained both acetoin and diacetyl.  (+info)

Mutagenesis at asp27 of pyruvate decarboxylase from Zymomonas mobilis. Effect on its ability to form acetoin and acetolactate. (7/91)

Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) is one of several enzymes that require thiamin diphosphate (ThDP) and a bivalent cation as essential cofactors. The three-dimensional structure of PDC from Zymomonas mobilis (ZMPDC) shows that Asp27 (D27) is close to ThDP in the active site, and mutagenesis of this residue has suggested that it participates in catalysis. The normal product of the PDC reaction is acetaldehyde but it is known that the enzyme can also form acetoin as a by-product from the hydroxyethyl-ThDP reaction intermediate. This study focuses on the role of D27 in the production of acetoin and a second by-product, acetolactate. D27 in ZMPDC was altered to alanine (D27A) and this mutated protein, the wild-type, and two other previously constructed PDC mutants (D27E and D27N) were expressed and purified. Determination of the kinetic properties of D27A showed that the affinity of D27A for ThDP is decreased 30-fold, while the affinity for Mg2+ and the Michaelis constant for pyruvate were similar to those of the wild-type. The time-courses of their reactions were investigated. Each mutant has greatly reduced ability to produce acetaldehyde and acetoin compared with the wild-type PDC. However, the effect of these mutations on acetaldehyde production is greater than that on acetoin formation. The D27A mutant can also form acetolactate, whereas neither of the other mutants, nor the wild-type PDC, can do so. In addition, acetaldehyde formation and/or release are reversible in wild-type ZMPDC but irreversible for the mutants. The results are explained by a mechanism involving thermodynamic and geometric characteristics of the intermediates in the reaction.  (+info)

Regulation of the acetoin catabolic pathway is controlled by sigma L in Bacillus subtilis. (8/91)

Bacillus subtilis grown in media containing amino acids or glucose secretes acetate, pyruvate, and large quantities of acetoin into the growth medium. Acetoin can be reused by the bacteria during stationary phase when other carbon sources have been depleted. The acoABCL operon encodes the E1alpha, E1beta, E2, and E3 subunits of the acetoin dehydrogenase complex in B. subtilis. Expression of this operon is induced by acetoin and repressed by glucose in the growth medium. The acoR gene is located downstream from the acoABCL operon and encodes a positive regulator which stimulates the transcription of the operon. The product of acoR has similarities to transcriptional activators of sigma 54-dependent promoters. The four genes of the operon are transcribed from a -12, -24 promoter, and transcription is abolished in acoR and sigL mutants. Deletion analysis showed that DNA sequences more than 85 bp upstream from the transcriptional start site are necessary for full induction of the operon. These upstream activating sequences are probably the targets of AcoR. Analysis of an acoR'-'lacZ strain of B. subtilis showed that the expression of acoR is not induced by acetoin and is repressed by the presence of glucose in the growth medium. Transcription of acoR is also negatively controlled by CcpA, a global regulator of carbon catabolite repression. A specific interaction of CcpA in the upstream region of acoR was demonstrated by DNase I footprinting experiments, suggesting that repression of transcription of acoR is mediated by the binding of CcpA to the promoter region of acoR.  (+info)

Role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidoreductases Bdh1p and Ara1p in the metabolism of acetoin and 2,3-butanediolRole of Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidoreductases Bdh1p and Ara1p in the metabolism of acetoin and 2,3-butanediol
NAD-dependent butanediol dehydrogenase (Bdh1p) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reversibly transforms acetoin to 2,3-butanediol in a stereospecific manner. Deletion of BDH1 resulted in an accumulation of acetoin and a diminution of 2,3-butanediol in two S. cerevisiae strains under two different growth …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19966022/
Methanol-based acetoin production by genetically engineered Bacillus methanolicus - Green Chemistry (RSC Publishing)Methanol-based acetoin production by genetically engineered Bacillus methanolicus - Green Chemistry (RSC Publishing)
Methanol is an attractive alternative non-food feedstock for industrial fermentations that can be used instead of sugar-based raw materials. Here, the thermophilic and methylotrophic bacterium Bacillus methanolicus MGA3 was metabolically engineered to produce the platform chemical (R)-acetoin from methanol at 50 °C
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/gc/c9gc03950c
New Saccharomyces Sequences 01/24/04New Saccharomyces Sequences 01/24/04
Updated DNA Sequences ===================== SCU12980 U12980 U00091 103683bp linear PLN 23-JAN-2004 Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome I left arm sequence. two alcohol/sorbitol; S.cerevisiae Ycr28p homolog; FLO9; GDH3; SEO1; Seo1p: putative membrane protein; YAL066W; Yal066wp; YAL065C; Yal065cp; YAL064W-B; Yal064w-bp; Flo9p: Putative cell wall protein involved in flocculation; YAL063C; Yal063cp; Gdh3p: NADP-glutamate dehydrogenase homolog; YAL061W; Yal061wp; YAL060W; Yal060wp; ECM1; Ecm1p; CNE1; Cne1p: calnexin homolog; YAL058C-A; Yal058c-ap; YAL056W; Yal056wp; YAL055W; Yal055wp; ACS1; Acs1p: acetyl CoA synthetase; YAL053W; Yal053wp; YAF1; Yaf1p: CYP1-like transcription factor with zinc finger motif; YAL049C; Yal049cp; YAL048C; Yal048cp; SPI6; Spi6p; YAL046C; Yal046cp; YAL045C; Yal045cp; GCV3; Gcv3p: H-protein subunit of the glycine cleavage system; PTA1; Pta1p: Pre-tRNA processing involved protein; YAL043C-A; Yal043c-ap; YAL042W; Yal042wp; CDC24; Cdc24p: putative calcium binding protein; CLN3; ...
http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/yeast/2004-January/010488.html
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Synthetic engineering of Corynebacterium crenatum to selectively produce acetoin or 2,3-butanediol by one step bioconversion...Synthetic engineering of Corynebacterium crenatum to selectively produce acetoin or 2,3-butanediol by one step bioconversion...
Acetoin (AC) and 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) as highly promising bio-based platform chemicals have received more attentions due to their wide range of applications. However, the non-efficient substrate conversion and mutually transition between AC and 2,3-BD in their natural producing strains not only led to a low selectivity but also increase the difficulty of downstream purification. Therefore, synthetic engineering of more suitable strains should be a reliable strategy to selectively produce AC and 2,3-BD, respectively. In this study, the respective AC (alsS and alsD) and 2,3-BD biosynthesis pathway genes (alsS, alsD, and bdhA) derived from Bacillus subtilis 168 were successfully expressed in non-natural AC and 2,3-BD producing Corynebacterium crenatum, and generated recombinant strains, C. crenatum SD and C. crenatum SDA, were proved to produce 9.86 g L−1 of AC and 17.08 g L−1 of 2,3-BD, respectively. To further increase AC and 2,3-BD selectivity, the AC reducing gene (butA) and lactic acid
https://microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12934-019-1183-0/figures/2
P-POD: Princeton Protein Orthology Database: GO3/OrthoMCL20741
NAD-dependent (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase, catalyzes oxidation of (R,R)-2,3-butanediol to (3R)-acetoin, oxidation of meso-butanediol to (3S)-acetoin, and reduction of ...
http://ppod.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/ppod.cgi/GO3/OrthoMCL20741
Orthotics from Acor OrthopaedicOrthotics from Acor Orthopaedic
Acor Orthopaedic is a manufacturer of custom and retail orthopedic products and a converter of EVA, PE and PU foam products serving a variety of markets.
https://www.acor.com/acor-LifestyleOrthotics-prefabricated-custom-orthotics.php
Acorda Slides on Clinical Study Update - Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:ACOR) - 24/7 Wall St.Acorda Slides on Clinical Study Update - Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:ACOR) - 24/7 Wall St.
Source: ThinkstockAcorda Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: ACOR) is watching its shares slide on Monday after the company gave an update on a recent clinical study. Essentially, the company announced that its Milestone clinical study did not show sufficient efficacy to support further development of dalfampridine to improve post-stroke difficulties (PSWD). The primary outcome measure of the […]
http://247wallst.com/healthcare-business/2016/11/21/acorda-slides-on-clinical-study-update/
Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:ACOR), (BITI) - Acorda Therapeutics To Acquire Biotie Therapies To Boost Its Parkinsons...Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ:ACOR), (BITI) - Acorda Therapeutics To Acquire Biotie Therapies To Boost Its Parkinsons...
Acorda Therapeutics Inc (NASDAQ: ACOR), a biopharmaceutical company that develops therapies for neurological disorders, on Tuesday announced that ...
https://www.benzinga.com/news/16/01/6151886/acorda-therapeutics-to-acquire-biotie-therapies-to-boost-its-parkinsons-disease-t
Acorda Therapeutics Reports Second Quarter 2012 Financial Results - TheStreetAcorda Therapeutics Reports Second Quarter 2012 Financial Results - TheStreet
Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: ACOR) today announced its financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2012....ACOR
https://www.thestreet.com/story/11645319/1/acorda-therapeutics-reports-second-quarter-2012-financial-results.html
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Yılmaz, Sezai; Kayaalp, Cüneyt; Ara, Cengiz; Yılmaz, Mehmet; Işık, Burak; Aydın, Cemalettin; Özgör, Dinçer; Dirican, Abuzer; Barut, Bora; Ünal, Bülent; Pişkin, Turgut; Ateş, Mustafa; Kutlu, Ramazan; Toprak, Hüseyin İlksen; Kırımlıoğlu, Saime Hale; Aladağ, Murat; Harputoğlu, Muhsin Murat Muhip; Selimoğlu, Mukadder Ayşe; Karabiber, Hamza; Yalçın, Kendal; Bayındır, Yaşar; Kırımlıoğlu, Vedat (Hepatogastroenterology, 2013) ...
http://openaccess.inonu.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/discover?filtertype_0=author&filter_0=Kayaalp%2C+C%C3%BCneyt&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filtertype=author&filter_relational_operator=equals&filter=Ayd%C4%B1n%2C+Cemalettin
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Yılmaz, Sezai; Kayaalp, Cüneyt; Ara, Cengiz; Yılmaz, Mehmet; Işık, Burak; Aydın, Cemalettin; Özgör, Dinçer; Dirican, Abuzer; Barut, Bora; Ünal, Bülent; Pişkin, Turgut; Ateş, Mustafa; Kutlu, Ramazan; Toprak, Hüseyin İlksen; Kırımlıoğlu, Saime Hale; Aladağ, Murat; Harputoğlu, Muhsin Murat Muhip; Selimoğlu, Mukadder Ayşe; Karabiber, Hamza; Yalçın, Kendal; Bayındır, Yaşar; Kırımlıoğlu, Vedat (Hepatogastroenterology, 2013) ...
http://abakus.inonu.edu.tr/xmlui/discover?field=author&filtertype_0=author&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filter_0=Kutlu%2C+Ramazan&filtertype=author&filter_relational_operator=equals&filter=Y%C4%B1lmaz%2C+Sezai
COLD POLYUREA
Clever Polimer ve Yapı Kimyasalları A.Ş. inşaat ve mimari detay çözümlerinde uygulanan su yalıtımı, endüstriyel zemin kaplama ve koruyucu boya alanındaki her çeşit prepolimer ve nihai ürünlerin tasarımını ve üretimini Gebze/Türkiye üretim tesislerinde gerçekleştirmektedir.... ...
https://www.cleverpolymers.com/cold-polyurea/
KALEKİM 3502 DİLATASYON BANDI - Karahanlar İzolasyon Boya ve Yapı MalzemeleriKALEKİM 3502 DİLATASYON BANDI - Karahanlar İzolasyon Boya ve Yapı Malzemeleri
Perde duvar ve döşemelerdeki, soğuk derz vegenleşme derzlerin yalıtımı için uygulanır.. Ambalaj. • Karton kutuda 20 m rulo.. Özellikler. • Seyreltik asidik ve alkali çözeltilere dayanıklıdır.. • UV dayanımına sahiptir.. • Yüksek elastikiyete ve yapışma mukavemetine sahiptir.. • Soğukta esnekliğini korur.. • Yüksek su basıncına dayanıklıdır.. • Sıcak hava ile kaynaklanabilir.. • Kolay uygulanır.. ...
https://karahanlarizolasyon.com.tr/urun/kalekim-3502-dilatasyon-bandi/
KEGG BRITE: Enzymes - Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93KEGG BRITE: Enzymes - Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93
K00004 BDH; (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase / meso-butanediol dehydrogenase / diacetyl reductase [EC:1.1.1.4 1.1.1.- 1.1.1.303] K07535 badH; 2-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.-] K08317 hcxA; hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase A [EC:1.1.1.-] K18369 adh2; alcohol dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.-] K19954 adh1; alcohol dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.-] K19955 adh2; alcohol dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.-] K21416 acoA; acetoin:2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase subunit alpha [EC:1.1.1.-] K21416 acoA; acetoin:2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase subunit alpha [EC:1.1.1.-] K21417 acoB; acetoin:2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase subunit beta [EC:1.1.1.-] K21417 acoB; acetoin:2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase subunit beta [EC:1.1.1.-] K22230 iolU; scyllo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP+) [EC:1.1.1.-] K23257 yvgN; methylglyoxal/glyoxal reductase [EC:1.1.1.283 1.1.1 ...
https://www.kegg.jp/kegg-bin/get_htext?gth01000+Geoth_3827
Tpp - Fermented Foods - Buffalo Brewing BlogTpp - Fermented Foods - Buffalo Brewing Blog
pyruvate decarboxylase ^ CO2. a-acetolactate/acetaldehyde-TPP. ,CO2. CO2 diacetyl reductase diacetyl -^ ^ ► acetoin reductase / % . NADH+H NAD. acetoin reductase c. NADH+H. NAD 2,3-butanediol catalyzed by a-acetolactate synthase and requiring high concentrations of pyruvate. The a-acetolactate is unstable in the presence of oxygen and is finally decarboxylated, nonenzy-matically, to form diacetyl. It is important to note that diacetyl is not necessarily the terminal end-product of the pathway. Further reduction of diacetyl can also occur, forming acetoin and 2,3-butanediol, compounds that contribute no flavor or aroma to the product.. Following the addition of the culture, the mix is incubated at 21°C to 22°C for twelve to sixteen hours. At the end of the fermentation, when the titratable acidity has reached 0.85% to 0.90% and the pH has decreased to about 4.5, the product is cooled to 2°C and agitated to break up the coagulum. Salt is usually added, and, if desired, butter granules or ...
https://www.buffalobrewingstl.com/fermented-foods-2/tpp.html
Acid and Base Stress and Transcriptomic Responses in Bacillus subtilis by Joan SlonczewskiAcid and Base Stress and Transcriptomic Responses in Bacillus subtilis by Joan Slonczewski
Acid and base environmental stress respones were investigated in Bacillus subtilis. B. subtilis AG174 cultures in buffered potassium-modified Luria broth were switched from pH 8.5 to pH 6.0 and recovered growth rapidly, whereas cultures switched from pH 6.0 to pH 8.5 showed a long lag time. Log-phase cultures at pH 6.0 survived 60 to 100% at pH 4.5, whereas cells grown at pH 7.0 survived |5%. Thus, growth in a moderate acid or base induced adaptation to a more extreme acid or base, respectively. Expression indices from Affymetrix chip hybridization were obtained for 4.095 protein-encoding open reading frames of B. subtilis grown at external pH 6, pH 7, and pH 9. Growth at pH 6 upregulated acetoin production (alsDS), dehydrogenases (adhA, ald, fdhD, and gabD), and decarboxylases (psd and speA). Acide upregulated malate metabolism (maeN), metal export (czcDO and cadA), oxidative stress (catalase katA; OYE family namA), and the SigX extracytoplasmic stress regulon. Growth at pH 9 upregulated arginine
http://digital.kenyon.edu/biology_publications/142/
RCSB PDB - 1GEG: CRYATAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF MESO-2,3-BUTANEDIOL DEHYDROGENASE Literature Report PageRCSB PDB - 1GEG: CRYATAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF MESO-2,3-BUTANEDIOL DEHYDROGENASE Literature Report Page
1GEG: Crystal structure of meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase in a complex with NAD+ and inhibitor mercaptoethanol at 1.7 A resolution for understanding of chiral substrate recognition mechanisms.
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/litView.do?structureId=1GEG
Global 1,4-Butanediol Market 2016: Industry Growth, Review, Research, Analysis and Outlook To 2021 By Hexa Reports - ABNewswire...Global 1,4-Butanediol Market 2016: Industry Growth, Review, Research, Analysis and Outlook To 2021 By Hexa Reports - ABNewswire...
This report covers the key technological and market trends in the 1,4-Butanediol market and further lays out an analysis of the factors influencing the supply/demand for 1,4-Butanediol, and the opportunities/challenges faced by industry participants. It also acts as an essential tool to companies active across the value chain and to the new entrants by enabling them to capitalize the opportunities and develop business strategies.. Browse Detail Report With TOC @ http://www.hexareports.com/report/global-1-4-butanediol-market-outlook-2016-2021/details. 1,4-Butanediol, colloquially known as BD, is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH. This colorlessviscous liquid is derived from butane by placement of alcohol groups at each end of the chain. It is one of four stableisomers of butanediol.. Global 1,4-Butanediol Market Outlook 2016-2021, has been prepared based on the synthesis, analysis, and interpretation of information about the global 1,4-Butanediol market collected from ...
http://www.abnewswire.com/pressreleases/global-14butanediol-market-2016-industry-growth-review-research-analysis-and-outlook-to-2021-by-hexa-reports_81628.html
1 4 butanediol : définition de 1 4 butanediol et synonymes de 1 4 butanediol (anglais)1 4 butanediol : définition de 1 4 butanediol et synonymes de 1 4 butanediol (anglais)
Définitions de 1 4 butanediol, synonymes, antonymes, dérivés de 1 4 butanediol, dictionnaire analogique de 1 4 butanediol (anglais)
http://dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr/1+4+butanediol/en-en/
Prof. Dr. Ömer Tarık YALÇIN Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Doktoru Eskişehir - Doktorum OnlineProf. Dr. Ömer Tarık YALÇIN Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Doktoru Eskişehir - Doktorum Online
Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Uzmanı Prof. Dr. Ömer Tarık YALÇIN numarası, adresi gibi çeşitli bilgilere bu sayfadan ulaşabilir, Prof. Dr. Ömer Tarık YALÇIN hakkında bilgi sahibi olabilirsiniz.
https://www.doktorumonline.net/prof-dr-omer-tarik-yalcin
1t62.1 | SWISS-MODEL Template Library
SWISS-MODEL Template Library (SMTL) entry for 1t62.1. Crystal structure of protein EF3133 from Enterococcus faecalis V583, Pfam DUF984
https://swissmodel.expasy.org/templates/1t62
STAAU:SSPA - GONUTSSTAAU:SSPA - GONUTS
Figure 6 shows the impact of mutations in individual protease genes/operons on biofilm formation in vitro. The relative capacity to form a biofilm was assessed using a microtiter plate assay as previously described (Beenken et al. 2003) using FPR3757, its sarA mutant, and its sarA mutant carrying mutations in the indicated protease genes. Single asterisks indicate significance by comparison to the parent strain. Double asterisks indicate significance by comparison to the sarA mutant. As a control, biofilm formation was also assessed in LAC, its sarA mutant, and derivatives of thesarA mutant unable to produce aureolysin (Saur), unable to produce any extracellular protease (SP), or unable to produce any extracellular protease other than those encoded by the spl operon (SPspl+). Single asterisk indicates statistical significance by comparison to the sarA mutant. Double asterisks indicate significance by comparison to the Saur mutant. ...
https://gowiki.tamu.edu/wiki/index.php/STAAU:SSPA
Butanediol (Bd): Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and WarningButanediol (Bd): Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning
Learn more about Butanediol (Bd) uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain Butanediol (Bd)
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-21/butanediol-bd
مشهد البحث في الأردن والمنطقة العربية: التحديات، والتحوّلات، والآفاق - ACOR Jordanمشهد البحث في الأردن والمنطقة العربية: التحديات، والتحوّلات، والآفاق - ACOR Jordan
Javascript appears to be disabled in your browser. Please turn on Javascript in order to fully enjoy this website. Learn how here. ...
https://publications.acorjordan.org/2021/05/24/seteneyshamilecture-arabic/
Acorda To Discontinue Development Of Dalfampridine For Treatment Of Post-Stroke Walking Difficulties - TheStreetAcorda To Discontinue Development Of Dalfampridine For Treatment Of Post-Stroke Walking Difficulties - TheStreet
Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: ACOR) today announced that the MILESTONE clinical study did not show sufficient efficacy to support further development of dalfampridine to improve post-stroke walking difficulties (PSWD)....ACOR
https://www.thestreet.com/story/13900352/1/acorda-to-discontinue-development-of-dalfampridine-for-treatment-of-post-stroke-walking-difficulties.html
2012 Economic Outlook - Report Highlights Acorda Therapeutics Inc and Pharmacyclics, Inc.2012 Economic Outlook - Report Highlights Acorda Therapeutics Inc and Pharmacyclics, Inc.
HONG KONG--(Marketwire - May 17, 2012) - Today, www.BrightonMarkets.com announced new reports highlighting Acorda Therapeutics Inc (NASDAQ: ACOR) and Pharmacyclics, Inc. (NASDAQ: PCYC). Gain market insight with full analysis and research downloads available at www.BrightonMarkets.com/index.php?coa=ACOR&cob=PCYC. Economic fundamentals leading into 2012 have set a generally positive pace with GDP growth likely...
http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/2012-economic-outlook-report-highlights-acorda-therapeutics-inc-pharmacyclics-inc-nasdaq-acor-1658597.htm
Xypex | Crystallization™ ile Betonlarda Su YalıtımıXypex | Crystallization™ ile Betonlarda Su Yalıtımı
Dünyanın dört bir köşesinde, en zorlu iklimler ve en farklı inşaat alanlarında, Xypex Crystalline Teknolojisi binlerce uygulamada kullanılarak test edilmiş ve kendini ispatlamıştır. Günümüzde Xypex, kendi alanında mükemmeliyet standartlarını belirliyor ve her geçen gün daha fazla beton uygulamasında bir kriter olarak gösterilmeye ve kullanılmaya devam ediyor ...
http://xypex.com/turkey/default
Stage Set for an Acorda Bounce? | Home Page
Shares of Acorda Therapeutics Inc. (NASDAQ:ACOR) have hit a five month low, after documents posted on the U.S. Food and Drug Administrations Website show that some agency investigators have questioned whether Acordas proposed MS treatment Fampridine-SR should be approved.
https://www.biomedreports.com/articles/most-popular/12645-stage-set-for-acorda-bounce.html
1,3- பியூட்டேன்டையால் - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியா1,3- பியூட்டேன்டையால் - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியா
1,3- பியூட்டேன்டையால் (1,3-Butanediol) என்பது C4H10O2 என்ற மூலக்கூற்று வாய்ப்பாடு கொண்ட ஒரு கரிம வேதியியல் ஆல்ககால் ஆகும். இவ்வேதிச் சேர்மம் 1,3 பியூட்டைலின் கிளைக்கால், பியூட்டேன்-1,3 டையால் அல்லது 1,3-ஈரைதராக்சிபியூட்டேன் என்ற பெயர்களாலும் அறியப்படுகிறது. 1,3- பியூட்டேன்டையால், பொதுவாக உணவு மணமூட்டும் முகவர்களில் ஒரு கரைப்பானாகப் பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது. சில பாலியூரிதீன் மற்றும் ...
https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D
juice from the raw diarrheajuice from the raw diarrhea
Eren Danışmanlık, iso dosyası, iso dosyası çorlu, Yalçın, iso çorlu, çorlu iso, kalite yönetimi çorlu, kalite çorlu, çorlu danışman, çorlu kurumsal, kurusal danışmanlık çorlu, iso nasıl alınır, iso belgelendirme fiyatları, CE Çorlu, CE corlu, ce tekirdağ, ce çerkezköy, iş adamları çorlu, iso9001 çorlu, marka tescil çorlu, Kalite, iso, 9001, tse, marka tescili, patent, iş güvenliği, ohsas 18001, gıda güvenliği, iso 22000, çevre yönetim sistemi, iso 14001, kalite yönetim sistemi, logo, danışmanlık, hyb, hizmet yeterlilik belgesi, ce, çorlu danışmanlık firmaları, tekirdağ danışmanlık firmaları, çorlu kalite belgelendirme firmaları, tekirdağ kalite belgelendirme firmaları, iç tetkik eğitimi, iso 9001, tüv, türkak, tüv çorlu, kalite belgesi çorlu
https://erendanismanlik.com/summertime-billie-hscbc/juice-from-the-raw-diarrhea-5feb82
The congress was a great success: Yes, but what about research?The congress was a great success: Yes, but what about research?
Cite this article as: Yalçınkaya M, Bagatur E. The congress was a great success: Yes, but what about research?. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2020; 54(1): 1-3.. ...
http://www.aott.org.tr/en/the-congress-was-a-great-success-yes-but-what-about-research-136974
Similar Articles | Joint Diseases and Related Surgery
Hakan Çebi, Ertuğrul Akşahin, Halil Yalçın Yüksel, Levent Çelebi, Cem Nuri Aktekin, Onur Hapa, Hasan Hilmi Muratlı, Ali Biçimoğlu. ...
https://tevak.org/similar-articles/269
Welcome to Michael Joanna Publications
Tan E, Akıncı A, Ayvaz G, Erbaş T, Ertaş M, Güç O, Hepgüler S, Kiraz S, Oşar SZ, Öztürk Ş, Özyalçın N.S, Palaoğlu S, Uyar M, Ünal S, Yalçın Ş; SNAPS Multidisciplinary Neuropathic Pain Study Group. ...
http://michaeljoanna.com
Real Psychiatry: Hyperbole and a Half blogger on NPRReal Psychiatry: Hyperbole and a Half blogger on NPR
Ms. Brosh talks about the type of interpersonal interaction that was most useful. She cautions against advice giving like try yoga or be thankful for everything that you have and you will come out of your depression. What was helpful was somebody taking her seriously and listening to her experience especially her thoughts about suicide. As you listen to the interview she is clearly changed by the depression and has adapted to it. Her main deterrent to suicide was the impact it would have on the people she loved, but we also hear how tenuous that connection can be during severe depression. We learn that one of the thoughts that would keep her going if she got depressed again would be the idea that she knows she will come out the other side. Terry Gross asks her about treatment and whether any kind of therapy or medication that alleviates some of it? She clarifies that she is about 60% recovered. Despite some initial concerns about medication she found that it (bupropion) was very helpful ...
http://real-psychiatry.blogspot.com/2013/11/hyperbole-and-half-blogger-on-npr.html
Isolation and properties of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis CNRZ 483 mutants producing diacetyl and...Isolation and properties of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis CNRZ 483 mutants producing diacetyl and...
Following treatment with the mutagen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, three mutants of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis CNRZ 483 that produced diacetyl and acetoin from glucose were isolated. The lactate dehydrogenase activity of these mutants was strongly attenuated, and the mutants produced less lactate than the parental strain. The kinetic properties of lactate dehydrogenase of strain CNRZ 483 and the mutants revealed differences in the affinity of the enzyme for pyruvate, NADH, and fructose-1,6-diphosphate. When cultured aerobically, strain CNRZ 483 transformed 2.3% of glucose to acetoin and produced no diacetyl or 2,3-butanediol. Under the same conditions, mutants 483L1, 483L2, and 483L3 transformed 42.0, 78.9, and 75.8%, respectively, of glucose to C4 compounds (diacetyl, acetoin, and 2,3-butanediol). Anaerobically, strain CNRZ 483 produced no C4 compounds, while mutants 483L1, 483L2, and 483L3 transformed 2.0, 37.0, and 25.8% of glucose to acetoin and 2,3-butanediol. In
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Isolation-and-properties-of-Lactococcus-lactis-sub-Boumerdassi-Monnet/897bdc7ed0ff2d2e37f20f7bb1195ee9c9c89532
Pelobacter carbinolicus - microbewiki
One research study found that in the past, c-type cytochromes in Pelobacter species had not been detected even though close relatives in the Geobacteraceae family have many c-type cytochromes present. Careful study of the entire completed genome sequence of Pelobacter carbinolicus found 14 open reading frames that encode for c-type cytochromes. It was found that three c-type cytochrome genes were expressed during iron reduction, which suggests that these particular proteins may play a role in electron transfer to iron. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels of acetoin-fermenting Pelobacter carbinolicus protein cells showed three heme-staining bands. In addition, many of the c-type cytochromes that genetic studies have realized are required for optimal iron reduction in G. sulfurreducens were not present in the P. carbinolicus genome. The results from this study suggest more in depth studies of the functions of c-type cytochromes may possibly be beneficial for further ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Pelobacter_carbinolicus
Difference between revisions of Pelobacter carbinolicus - microbewiki
One research study found that in the past, c-type cytochromes in Pelobacter species had not been detected even though close relatives in the Geobacteraceae family have many c-type cytochromes present. Careful study of the entire completed genome sequence of Pelobacter carbinolicus found 14 open reading frames that encode for c-type cytochromes. It was found that three c-type cytochrome genes were expressed during iron reduction, which suggests that these particular proteins may play a role in electron transfer to iron. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels of acetoin-fermenting Pelobacter carbinolicus protein cells showed three heme-staining bands. In addition, many of the c-type cytochromes that genetic studies have realized are required for optimal iron reduction in G. sulfurreducens were not present in the P. carbinolicus genome. These results from this study suggest more in depth studies of the functions of c-type cytochromes may possibly be beneficial for further ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobacter_carbinolicus&diff=16892&oldid=16867
Frontiers | Temporal Shotgun Metagenomics Revealed the Potential Metabolic Capabilities of Specific Microorganisms During...Frontiers | Temporal Shotgun Metagenomics Revealed the Potential Metabolic Capabilities of Specific Microorganisms During...
Lambic beer production processes are characterized by a temporal succession of well-adapted microbial species. Temporal metagenomic analysis of a Belgian, traditional, lambic beer production process, which was examined microbiologically and metabolomically before, confirmed that the microbial diversity is limited. Moreover, it allowed to link the consumption and production of certain compounds to specific microbial groups or species. Fermentation characteristics, such as the conversion of malic acid into lactic acid and acetoin production, were retrieved and could be attributed to specific microorganisms, namely Pediococcus damnosus and Acetobacter species, respectively. Traits previously ascribed to brewery-specific Dekkera bruxellensis strains were confirmed during the lambic beer production process examined multiphasically; in particular, the higher production of 4-ethylguaiacol compared to 4-ethylphenol was further shown by mass spectrometric analysis. Moreover, the absence of phenolic acid
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01692/full
Staphylococcus haemolyticus - WikipediaStaphylococcus haemolyticus - Wikipedia
The ability to adhere to medical devices and subsequently form biofilms is a major virulence factor associated with S. haemolyticus.[3][5][13][14] Biofilm formation increases antibiotic resistance[5][13][14] and often leads to persistent infections.[15][16] S. haemolyticus biofilms are not polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) dependent, and the lack of the ica operon (the gene cluster that encodes the production of PIA) can be used to distinguish S. haemolyticus isolates from other CoNS species.[3][12][14] Biofilm formation is influenced by a variety of factors including carbohydrates, proteins, and extracellular DNA. Detachment assays with NaIO4, proteinase K, or DNase result in 38%, 98%, and 100% detachment, respectively. The high level of detachment associated with DNase treatment has led several authors to suggest a cell-to-surface and/or cell-to-cell adhesion function for extracellular DNA. Biofilm formation also appears to be influenced by the presence of glucose and NaCl. Biofilm ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_haemolyticus
Butanediol fermentation - WikipediaButanediol fermentation - Wikipedia
2,3-Butanediol fermentation is anaerobic fermentation of glucose with 2,3-butanediol as one of the end products. The overall stoichiometry of the reaction is 2 pyruvate + NADH --> 2CO2 + 2,3-butanediol. Butanediol fermentation is typical for the facultative anaerobes Klebsiella and Enterobacter and is tested for using the Voges-Proskauer (VP) test. The metabolic function of 2,3-butanediol is not known, although some have speculated that it was an evolutionary advantage for these microorganisms to produce a neutral product thats less inhibitory than other partial oxidation products and doesnt reduce the pH as much as mixed acids. . 2,3-butanediol fermentation produces smaller amounts of acid than mixed acid fermentation, and butanediol, ethanol, CO2 and H2 are the end products. While equal amounts of CO2 and H2 are created during mixed acid fermentation, butanediol fermentation produces more than twice the amount of CO2 because the gases are not produced only by formate hydrogen lyase like they ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanediol_fermentation
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Structures of New Phenolics Isolated from Licorice, and the Effectiveness of Licorice Phenolics...Molecules | Free Full-Text | Structures of New Phenolics Isolated from Licorice, and the Effectiveness of Licorice Phenolics...
Licorice, which is the underground part of Glycyrrhiza species, has been used widely in Asian and Western countries as a traditional medicine and as a food additive. Our continuous investigation on the constituents of roots and stolons of Glycyrrhiza uralensis led to the isolation of two new phenolics, in addition to 14 known compounds. Structural studies including spectroscopic and simple chemical derivatizations revealed that both of the new compounds had 2-aryl-3-methylbenzofuran structures. An examination of the effectiveness of licorice phenolics obtained in this study on vancomycin-resistant strains Enterococcus faecium FN-1 and Enterococcus faecalis NCTC12201 revealed that licoricidin showed the most potent antibacterial effects against both of E. faecalis and E. faecium with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.9 × 10−5 M. 8-(γ,γ-Dimethylallyl)-wighteone, isoangustone A, 3-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)-kievitone, glyasperin C, and one of the new 3-methyl-2-phenylbenzofuran named
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/9/13027
Pre GI: Gene
General Information: Pelobacter carbinolicus DSM 2380 was isolated from mud in Venice, Italy. Iron- and sulfur-reducing bacterium. Pelobacter carbinolicus is commonly isolated from marine and freshwater sediments, and sewage sludge. This organism can make up a significant portion of the anaerobic microbial community in these environments. Pelobacter carbinolicus is also able to grow using iron and sulfur as terminal electron acceptors. This organism is closely related to the sulfur-reducing Desulfuromonas spp. and iron-reducing Geobacter spp.. ...
http://pregi.bi.up.ac.za/pre_gi_gene.php?source_accession=NC_007498&gi_accession=NC_007498:3399478
Candida parapsilosis (Ashford) Langeron et Talice ATCC ® 22019&traCandida parapsilosis (Ashford) Langeron et Talice ATCC ® 22019&tra
Candida parapsilosis ATCC ® 22019™ Designation: CBS 604 [CCRC 20515, DBVPG 6150, DMS 5784, IBL 2545, IFO 1396, IGC 2545, JCM 1785, NCYC 601, NRRL Y-12969, UCD 61-27] Application: Assay of itraconzaole Assay of ketoconazole Control strain for identification Degrades hydroxybenzoate Degrades phenol Produces (S)-1,3-butanediol dehydrogenase Produces lipase Quality control Quality control strain Susceptibility disc testing Susceptibility testing Antifungal susceptibility testing Ref Ref
https://www.atcc.org/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/Microbial_Panels/Antifungal_Susceptibility_Testing_Panel/22019.aspx
Plus itPlus it
Some of the more common and easily measured volatile compounds of wine were determined for three different fermentation temperatures. Maximum, minimum, and average are given for over 30 fermentations at each temperature [(50, 70, 91°F) or (10, 21, 33°C)] for two years. Volatile acidity and acetic acid were compared and found to be equivalent for all practical purposes. Total volatile esters increase at the middle temperatures, as do acetaldehyde, isoamyl, and active amyl alcohols. Acetic acid decreases in the middle fermentation temperature range. Isobutanol does not vary greatly with fermentation temperature. Ethanol decreases with increasing fermentation temperature. Both levo and meso 2,3-butanediol increase with increasing temperature of fermentation. Acetoin also increases greatly at the higher fermentation temperatures.. ...
http://www.ajevonline.org/content/18/3/157
TOP Supplier 1,4-Butanediol/BDO 110-63-4, CasNo.110-63-4 Shanghai Upbio Tech Co.,Ltd China (Mainland)TOP Supplier 1,4-Butanediol/BDO 110-63-4, CasNo.110-63-4 Shanghai Upbio Tech Co.,Ltd China (Mainland)
TOP Supplier 1,4-Butanediol/BDO 110-63-4 110-63-4 Suppliers,provide TOP Supplier 1,4-Butanediol/BDO 110-63-4 110-63-4 product and the products related with China (Mainland) TOP Supplier 1,4-Butanediol/BDO 110-63-4 110-63-4 Shanghai Upbio Tech Co.,Ltd China (Mainland)
https://upbio.lookchem.com/products/CasNo-110-63-4-TOP-Supplier-1-4-Butanediol-BDO-110-63-4-23922595.html
PRODUCTION OF 1,4 BUTANEDIOL IN A MICROORGANISM - MICROBIA, INC.PRODUCTION OF 1,4 BUTANEDIOL IN A MICROORGANISM - MICROBIA, INC.
A biological method for the conversion of L-glutamate to 1,4-butanediol that involves a decarboxylation step and avoids production of 4-hydroxybutyrate as an intermediate is described. The method includes: (a) conversion of L-glutamate to L-glutamate 5- phosphate; (b) conversion of L-glutamate 5 -phosphate to L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde; (c) conversion of L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde to 5-hydroxy-L-norvaline;(d) conversion of 5-hydroxy-L-norvaline to 5-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate; (e) conversion of 5-hydroxy-2- oxopentanoate to 4-hydroxybutanal; and (f) the conversion of 4-hydroxybutanal to 1,4- butanediol.
http://www.sumobrain.com/patents/wipo/Production-14-butanediol-in-microorganism/WO2010085731.html
2-Oxepanone, polymer with 1,4-butanediol - Registration Dossier - ECHA2-Oxepanone, polymer with 1,4-butanediol - Registration Dossier - ECHA
A 72-hour toxicity test was carried out to determine growth inhibition effects of 2-Oxepanone, polymer with 1,4-butanediol on the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The study was carried aout according to OECD guideline no. 201. Test solutions were created by diluting a stock solution of the test substance in growth media. The duration of exposure was 72 hours and test solutions were kept on a shaking table at 21-24 ± 2°C throughout. Illumination was approximately 100 µE m-2 s-1.m. Six replicates were used for the control and three for the test solutions. The pH was measured at test initiation and also at test termination. Samples for analytical determination of test concentration were also taken from the highest and lowest concentrations at this time. These samples were analysed separately at a non-GLP laboratory. The 72-hour ErC50 of 165 mg/L was found for the response variable average specific growth rate when exposed to 2-oxepanone, polymer with 1,4-butanediol. The 72-hour NOEC ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/5963/6/2/6
Acor.org users? | Cancer Survivors NetworkAcor.org users? | Cancer Survivors Network
The content on this site is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Do not use this information to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease without consulting with a qualified healthcare provider. Please consult your healthcare provider with any questions or concerns you may have regarding your condition. Use of this online service is subject to the disclaimer and the terms and conditions.. Copyright 2000-2019 © Cancer Survivors Network. ...
https://csn.cancer.org/node/223309
Greyville.com - Acor Alloy Coffee Cup BellGreyville.com - Acor Alloy Coffee Cup Bell
Generate some extra christmas sales with Crazy Stuff animal character helmets, locks & bells https://t.co/3QFrS7eAsF #bikebiz #trade ...
https://www.greyville.com/products/10553-abe2803-acor-alloy-coffee-cup-bell
1,2-Butanediol, 2-butoxy-, 1-acetate | C10H20O4 - PubChem1,2-Butanediol, 2-butoxy-, 1-acetate | C10H20O4 - PubChem
1,2-Butanediol, 2-butoxy-, 1-acetate | C10H20O4 | CID 109225 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/109225
ERP2 (YAL007C) Result Summary | BioGRIDERP2 (YAL007C) Result Summary | BioGRID
Member Of The P24 Family Involved In ER To Golgi Transport; Similar To Emp24p And Erv25p; Role In Misfolded Protein Quality Control; Forms A Heterotrimeric Complex With Erp1p, Emp24p, And Erv25p; Localized To COPII-coated Vesicles; ERP2 Has A Paralog, ERP4, That Arose From The Whole Genome Duplication
https://thebiogrid.org/31759/network/saccharomyces-cerevisiae/erp2.html
FLC2 (YAL053W) Result Summary | BioGRIDFLC2 (YAL053W) Result Summary | BioGRID
Putative FAD Transporter; Required For Uptake Of FAD Into Endoplasmic Reticulum; Involved In Cell Wall Maintenance; FLC2 Has A Paralog, YOR365C, That Arose From The Whole Genome Duplication
https://thebiogrid.org/31776/protein/saccharomyces-cerevisiae/flc2.html
Turkish Journal of GeriatricsTurkish Journal of Geriatrics
Pages 259-265 Mehmet ERGİN, Mehmet Akif KARAMERCAN, Mehmet AYRANCI, Yücel YAVUZ, Özcan YAVAŞİ, Mustafa SERİNKEN, Tarık ACAR, Mücahit AVCİL, Behçet AL, Atıf BAYRAMOĞLU, Hasan Mansur DURGUN, Yalçın GÖLCÜK, İbrahim ARZIMAN, Zerrin Defne DÜNDAR ...
http://geriatri.dergisi.org/similar.php?id=100
Browsing GCRIS Repository | GCRIS | Izmir Institute of TechnologyBrowsing GCRIS Repository | GCRIS | Izmir Institute of Technology
Anıl İnevi, Müge; Yaman, Sena; Arslan Yıldız, Ahu ; Meşe, Gülistan ; Yalçın Özuysal, Özden ; Tekin, Hüseyin Cumhur ; Özçivici, Engin ...
https://openaccess.iyte.edu.tr/browse?type=itemdept&order=ASC&rpp=20&authority=ou00014
DiacetylDiacetyl
Acetoin is an intermediate. Diacetyl and acetoin are two compounds that give butter its characteristic taste. Because of this, ... The yeast then absorbs the diacetyl, and reduces the ketone groups to form acetoin and 2,3-butanediol.[citation needed] Beer ... Acetylpropionyl, a similar diketone Acetoin Bronchiolitis obliterans Merck Index (11th ed.). p. 2946. Eriks K, Hayden TD, Yang ... manufacturers of artificial butter flavoring, margarines or similar oil-based products typically add diacetyl and acetoin ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacetyl
AcetylpropionylAcetylpropionyl
Diacetyl, a similar diketone Acetoin "2,3-Pentanedione". Hardo Siegel, Manfred Eggersdorfer "Ketones" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylpropionyl
Lester O. KrampitzLester O. Krampitz
Krampitz, L.O. (1957). [50] Preparation and determination of acetoin, diacetyl, and acetolactate. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 3 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_O._Krampitz
Hanseniaspora guilliermondiiHanseniaspora guilliermondii
Strains of this species produce acetoin, a chemical found in many food products and fragrances. Kurtzman, Cletus P.; Fell, Jack ... Romano, P; Suzzi, G; Zironi, R; Comi, G (Jun 1993). "Biometric Study of Acetoin Production in Hanseniaspora guilliermondii and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanseniaspora_guilliermondii
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (quinone)Pyruvate dehydrogenase (quinone)
Bertagnolli BL, Hager LP (January 1993). "Role of flavin in acetoin production by two bacterial pyruvate oxidases". Archives of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvate_dehydrogenase_(quinone)
Construction of electronic cigarettesConstruction of electronic cigarettes
Diacetyl, acetoin, and 2,3-pentanedione are used for buttery flavoring. Camphor and cyclohexanone are used for minty flavoring ... acetoin, 2,3-pentanedione, cyclohexanone, benzaldehyde, cresol, butyraldehyde, and isoamyl acetate. Sugars are frequently used ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_of_electronic_cigarettes
TetramethylpyrazineTetramethylpyrazine
Its biosynthesis involves amination of acetoin, the latter derived from pyruvate. It exhibits potential nootropic and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetramethylpyrazine
Blastopirellula marinaBlastopirellula marina
It produces H2S from thiosulfate but does not produce acetoin or indole. It's catalase and cytochrome oxidase positive with no ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastopirellula_marina
Butanediol fermentationButanediol fermentation
Xiao Z, Wang X, Huang Y, Huo F, Zhu X, Xi L, Lu JR (December 2012). "Thermophilic fermentation of acetoin and 2,3-butanediol by ... Geckil H, Barak Z, Chipman DM, Erenler SO, Webster DA, Stark BC (October 2004). "Enhanced production of acetoin and butanediol ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanediol_fermentation
Acetolactic acidAcetolactic acid
α-Acetolactic acid can also be decarboxylated by alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase to produce acetoin. The name α-acetolactate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetolactic_acid
Pelobacter propionicusPelobacter propionicus
... is a species of bacteria that ferments 2,3-butanediol and acetoin. It is Gram-negative, strictly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelobacter_propionicus
Pelobacter carbinolicusPelobacter carbinolicus
... is a species of bacteria that ferments 2,3-butanediol and acetoin. It is Gram-negative, strictly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelobacter_carbinolicus
Staphylococcus haemolyticusStaphylococcus haemolyticus
It also tests positive for acetoin production, arginine, dihydrolase, benzidine, catalase, hemolysis, and lipase; it tests ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_haemolyticus
Usama al-KhalidiUsama al-Khalidi
Gabriel, M. A.; Ilbawi, M.; Al-Khalidi, U. A. S. (1972-03-15). "The oxidation of acetoin to CO2 in intact animals and in liver ... Specifically, he researched riboflavin biosynthesis, acetoin metabolism in mammals, acetyl-coA metabolism in liver supernatant ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usama_al-Khalidi
Histone deacetylaseHistone deacetylase
Together with the acetylpolyamine amidohydrolases and the acetoin utilization proteins, the histone deacetylases form an ... Leipe DD, Landsman D (September 1997). "Histone deacetylases, acetoin utilization proteins and acetylpolyamine amidohydrolases ... as HDAC homologs have been found in bacteria in the form of Acetoin utilization proteins (AcuC) proteins. Within the Class I ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_deacetylase
Streptococcus bovisStreptococcus bovis
Members of this group are esculin positive, 6.5% salt negative, sorbitol negative and produce acetoin. Isolates from the S. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_bovis
PerryPerry
Acetoin and Diacetyl by Wine Making Lactic Acid Bacteria". Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 49:7 (7): 2147-2157. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perry
Malolactic fermentationMalolactic fermentation
The yeasts also help keep levels low by consuming diacetyl and reducing it to acetoin and butylene glycol. Diacetyl production ... The main products of malolactic fermentation are lactic acid, diacetyl, acetic acid, acetoin, and various esters. The amount ... Acetoin and Diacetyl by Wine Making Lactic Acid Bacteria" Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49(7), 2147-2157, 1985 Jan ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation
SolventogenesisSolventogenesis
Acetoin is produced by several species and is further reduced to 2,3-butanediol by Clostridium beijerinckii. Clostridium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solventogenesis
Leuconostoc mesenteroidesLeuconostoc mesenteroides
This strain grows best between 18 and 25℃.This strain can ferment citrate into acetoin and diacetyl. Most strains of this ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuconostoc_mesenteroides
Artificial butter flavoringArtificial butter flavoring
That notice also solicited input regarding exposure and health effects of acetoin, acetaldehyde, acetic acid and furfural. Two ... It may contain diacetyl, acetylpropionyl, or acetoin, three natural compounds in butter that contribute to its characteristic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_butter_flavoring
Staphylococcus pseudintermediusStaphylococcus pseudintermedius
Tests used to identify S. pseudintermedius specifically include DNase, hyaluronidase, coagulase, catalase, and acetoin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_pseudintermedius
Viridans streptococciViridans streptococci
Like members of the S. mitis group, they are negative for acetoin production and mannitol and sorbitol fermentation. The S. ... S. salivarius group organisms are positive for acetoin production and are esculin positive but are negative for arginine ... Isolates in this group are negative for acetoin production, arginine, esculin, and mannitol and are sorbitol fermentation ... They do not hydrolyze arginine but are positive for acetoin production, esculin hydrolysis, and mannitol and sorbitol ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viridans_streptococci
Diagnostic microbiologyDiagnostic microbiology
The Voges-Proskauer test detects whether a bacterium is producing the product acetoin from the digestion of glucose. Mycolic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_microbiology
Kocuria marinaKocuria marina
It does not produce indole or acetoin, with the latter characteristic representing a negative Voges-Proskauer test result. It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kocuria_marina
Voges-Proskauer testVoges-Proskauer test
Voges-Proskauer /ˈfoʊɡəs ˈprɒskaʊ.ər/ or VP is a test used to detect acetoin in a bacterial broth culture. The test is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voges–Proskauer_test
S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenaseS,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase
Other names in common use include L-butanediol dehydrogenase, L-BDH, and L(+)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (L-acetoin forming ... acetoin + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (S,S)-butane-2,3-diol and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are ... acetoin, NADH, and H+. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(S,S)-butanediol_dehydrogenase
Amphimallon solstitialeAmphimallon solstitiale
https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.663690 Tolasch, T., Sölter, S., Tóth, M., Ruther, J., & Francke, W. (2003). (R)-Acetoin-Female ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphimallon_solstitiale
Streptococcus ferusStreptococcus ferus
They are non-sporulating and catalase-negative The majority of specimens test positive for the production of acetoin (Vogues- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_ferus
Acetolactate decarboxylaseAcetolactate decarboxylase
2-acetoin + CO2 Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate, and two products, (R)-2-acetoin ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate carboxy-lyase [(R)-2-acetoin-forming]. Other ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetolactate_decarboxylase
Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-,...Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-,...
Flavoring chemicals in e-cigarettes: diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in a sample of 51 products, including fruit-, ... 2,3-Pentanedione and acetoin were detected in 23 and 46 of the 51 flavors tested at concentrations up to 64 and 529 μg/e- ... Flavoring Chemicals in E-Cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Acetoin in a Sample of 51 Products, Including Fruit-, ... Flavoring chemicals in e-cigarettes: diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in a sample of 51 products, including fruit-, ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26642857/?dopt=Abstract
Co-production of acetoin and succinic acid by metabolically engineered Enterobacter cloacae | Biotechnology for Biofuels and...Co-production of acetoin and succinic acid by metabolically engineered Enterobacter cloacae | Biotechnology for Biofuels and...
The maximum titers of acetoin and succinic acid were 39.5 and 20.3 g L−1 at 72 h, respectively. The engineered ... After redirecting and fine-tuning the E. cloacae metabolic flux, succinic acid and acetoin production was enhanced, and the ... Moreover, to further improve acetoin and succinic acid production, glucose and NaHCO3 modes and times of feeding were optimized ... In this work, E. cloacae was metabolically engineered to enhance its combined succinic acid and acetoin production during ...
https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-021-01878-1/tables/3
Acetoin - Product IngredientsAcetoin - Product Ingredients
Acetoin is the organic compound that conforms to the formula: C4H8O2 ... Acetoin is the organic compound that conforms to the formula: C4H8O2 ...
https://productingredients.com/ingredient/info/acetoin
Acetoin 50% in Ethyl Alcohol | VigonAcetoin 50% in Ethyl Alcohol | Vigon
This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience ...
https://www.vigon.com/product/acetoin-50-in-ethyl-alcohol/
Table - Meningitis Caused by Streptococcus suis Serotype 14, North America - Volume 15, Number 2-February 2009 - Emerging...Table - Meningitis Caused by Streptococcus suis Serotype 14, North America - Volume 15, Number 2-February 2009 - Emerging...
Acetoin. -. -. Optochin disk. Resistant. ND. Enzymes. α-galactosidase. +. +. β-galactosidase. Variable. +. β-glucuronidase. +. ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/content/15/2/350-t1.htm
Search OdorsSearch Odors
ACETOIN BUTYRATE. Fruity, Sweet. ACETONE. Pungent, solvent, apple, pear, fruity. ACETONE Liquid. Pungent, solvent, apple, pear ...
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/odors/search_results.html
Search ResultsSearch Results
NSP - Acetoin is a precursor to diacetyl in e-cigarette liquidsNSP - Acetoin is a precursor to diacetyl in e-cigarette liquids
Product surveys show that these compounds, plus a less toxic alternative, acetoin, are widely used in e-liquids. ... We have investigated the chemistry of acetoin, acetyl propionyl and diacetyl in e-liquids. They are reactive, with ... Acetyl propionyl is the most reactive, diacetyl less so, and acetoin significantly more stable. [...] ...
https://www.nicotinepolicy.net/news-archive/77-2019/august-2019/2382-acetoin-is-a-precursor-to-diacetyl-in-e-cigarette-liquids
Natural Antioxidants MarketNatural Antioxidants Market
Acetoin Natural Market Published : April 2019 Food and Beverage. Antioxidants Market Published : November 2015 ...
https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/natural-antioxidants-market
Occupational Chemical Database | Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationOccupational Chemical Database | Occupational Safety and Health Administration
ACETOIN 513-86-0 *A624. acetyl methyl carbinol; 1-hydroxyethyl methyl ketone; γ-hydroxy-β-oxobutane; 3-hydroxy-2-butanone; 2,3- ...
https://www.osha.gov/chemicaldatabase
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
Other compounds detected in area and personal air samples included substitutes for diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione (acetoin and 2 ... Acetoin; Personal protective equipment; PPE; Gloves; Eye protection; Ventilation; Health effects; Dermal exposures; Author ...
http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=flavoring%2A+or+diacetyl+or+pentanedione+or+heptanedione+or+2%2C3%2Dhexanedione+&f1=%2A&Startyear=&t1=2&s2=heta&terms=3&Adv=1&ct=&f2=TI&Limit=500&Sort=DP+DESC&whichdate=DP&D1=50&EndYear=&PageNo=1&RecNo=7&View=f&
Frontiers | Local Acidification Limits the Current Production and Biofilm Formation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 With...Frontiers | Local Acidification Limits the Current Production and Biofilm Formation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 With...
Bursac, T., Gralnick, J. A., and Gescher, J. (2017). Acetoin production via unbalanced fermentation in Shewanella oneidensis. ... Förster, A. H., Beblawy, S., Golitsch, F., and Gescher, J. (2017). Electrode-assisted acetoin production in a metabolically ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.660474/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Microbiology&id=660474
Toxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents - Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes - NCBI BookshelfToxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents - Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes - NCBI Bookshelf
Diacetyl, acetylpropionyl (also known as 2,3-pentanedione), and acetoin are chemicals used by food manufactures to add creamy ... Flavoring chemicals in e-cigarettes: Diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin in a sample of 51 products, including fruit-, ... Examples of such chemicals include diacetyl, acetylpropionyl, acetoin, cinnamaldehyde, and benzaldehyde; these are reviewed in ... 46 flavors had acetoin (concentration ranging up to 529 µg per e-cigarette), 39 contained diacetyl (up to 239 µg per e- ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507184/
Search ResultsSearch Results
beta-isomethyl ionone, 79-89-0beta-isomethyl ionone, 79-89-0
acetoin. FL/FR. caramellic. ethyl maltol. FL/FR. citrus. bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy. FL/FR. ...
http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1045331.html
Food Additives - Kosherquest.org - Online Kashrus InformationFood Additives - Kosherquest.org - Online Kashrus Information
ACETOIN (Acetyl Methyl Carbinol). Sources: fermentation of cream. Use: flavoring agent in raspberry, strawberry, butter, ...
https://kosherquest.org/is-it-kosher/food-additives/
PDF] Improved Performances and Control of Beer Fermentation Using Encapsulated α‐Acetolactate Decarboxylase and Modeling |...PDF] Improved Performances and Control of Beer Fermentation Using Encapsulated α‐Acetolactate Decarboxylase and Modeling |...
Deacidification of grass silage press juice by continuous production of acetoin from its lactate via an immobilized enzymatic ... Acetolactate decarboxylase catalyzes both enantiomers of α-acetolactate to give a single product, (R)-acetoin, however, the ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Improved-Performances-and-Control-of-Beer-Using-and-Dulieu-Moll/36106dde1d1f81f5c53f936b6bdf46ee8d236d79
PDB 1c3pPDB 1c3p
Finnin, M.S., Donigian, J.R., Cohen, A., Richon, V.M., Rifkind, R.A., Marks, P.A., Breslow, R., Pavletich, N.P ...
https://www.cathdb.info/pdb/1c3p
The Rest of the Story: Tobacco and Alcohol News Analysis and Commentary: Vape Shop Air Sampling by California State Health...The Rest of the Story: Tobacco and Alcohol News Analysis and Commentary: Vape Shop Air Sampling by California State Health...
Acetoin: Not detected using standard method. Acetone: Not detected. Ethyl benzene: Not detected. m,p-Xylene: Not detected. o- ... Acetone, acetoin, other aldehydes, toluene, benzene, and xylene were not detected. Chemicals that have been associated with " ...
https://tobaccoanalysis.blogspot.com/2017/05/vape-shop-air-sampling-by-california.html?fbclid=IwAR3YXyl6B5CbxnvENToRsLyTMCUbcu5W0uaMe8DC4qh2mvYyi-jWc2Tomck
SC Johnson
2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol; acetoin; allyl 3-cyclohexylpropionate*; anisaldehyde; benzyl acetate; benzyl benzoate*; benzyl ...
https://whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/brands/glade/vanilla-cupcake-large-candle
Chemical and Microbiological Characterization for PDO Labelling of Typical East Piedmont (Italy) SalamiChemical and Microbiological Characterization for PDO Labelling of Typical East Piedmont (Italy) Salami
The most abundant ketones were 2-butanone, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin), and 2-propanone; their concentrations increased ... acetoin). The result can be related to the high content of Lactobacillus. 3-Methyl-1-butanol (likely formed by reduction of the ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jchem/2015/597471/
Dissertations & Theses
Overexpression of α-acetolactate decarboxylase and acetoin reductase/2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis thaliana ...
http://www.sun.ac.za/english/faculty/agri/genetics/publications/theses-dissertations
Suranaree University of TechnologySuranaree University of Technology
Among all samples, tilapia processed at 60 °C for 45 and 60 min, which contained significantly higher IMP and acetoin (p , 0.05 ... and acetoin, which seem to be the most crucial flavor enhancers for cooked tilapia. ...
https://www.researchgate.net/institution/Suranaree_University_of_Technology
Microorganisms | Free Full-Text | The Contrivance of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes to Mitigate Climate Change Impact in...Microorganisms | Free Full-Text | The Contrivance of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes to Mitigate Climate Change Impact in...
... the production of acetoin, butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, geosmin and dimethyl disulfide by bacteria have been reported [67,117 ...
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/9/1841
Professional | Lager Brewing - Wyeast LabProfessional | Lager Brewing - Wyeast Lab
Since it is temperature dependent a raise will increase production, or the yeast will breakdown diacetyl into acetoin and 2,3- ... attenuation the temperature is raised 3 to 5 degrees to allow the yeast to reabsorb the diacetyl and break it down to Acetoin, ...
https://wyeastlab.com/resource/professional-lager-brewing/
HypothesisHypothesis
Voges Proskauer (acetoin production) tes mt-6-mt-5 Visit annotations in context ...
https://hypothes.is/search?q=tag%3AMt-5-Mt-6
ArticleArticle
Acetoin (C4H8O2H+, 89.06 m. /. z. ). Acetoin was the second and third most emitted compound for the conditions UV_O3 and O3 ... The pyruvate metabolic pathway of the microorganisms just listed allows for the production of the acetoin molecule by the ...
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/12613/2021/acp-21-12613-2021.html
publication list2 | Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecologypublication list2 | Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology
Knaden, M.; Bisch-Knaden, S.; Linz, J.; Reinecke, A.; Krieger, J.; Erland, S.; Harzsch, S.; Hansson, B. S.: Acetoin is a key ...
https://www.ice.mpg.de/publication-search/338049?person=%2Fpersons%2Fresource%2Fpersons3808
Difference between revisions of "Nasal passageway" - microbewiki
S. epidermidis can use glucose anaerobically , but most strains make acetoin, phosphatase and reduce nitrate. All strains can ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Nasal_passageway&diff=prev&oldid=54944
DiacetylSolventToxicCompoundsProductionSamplePropionylAcetylpropionylColorimetric determination of blood acetoinDehydrogenaseNatural AcetoinFermentationChemical CompoundsEthyl alcoholSynthesisDairyAcetylmethylcarbinolMiceReactionProductsHigh
Diacetyl9
  • We aimed to determine if the flavoring chemical diacetyl and two other high-priority flavoring chemicals, 2,3-pentanedione and acetoin, are present in a convenience sample of flavored e-cigarettes. (nih.gov)
  • E-cigarette contents were fully discharged and the air stream was captured and analyzed for total mass of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, and acetoin, according to OSHA method 1012. (nih.gov)
  • We have investigated the chemistry of acetoin, acetyl propionyl and diacetyl in e-liquids. (nicotinepolicy.net)
  • Acetyl propionyl is the most reactive, diacetyl less so, and acetoin significantly more stable. (nicotinepolicy.net)
  • Other compounds detected in area and personal air samples included substitutes for diacetyl and 2,3- pentanedione (acetoin and 2,3-hexanedione ) and compounds that may be contaminants or impurities. (cdc.gov)
  • Since it is temperature dependent a raise will increase production, or the yeast will breakdown diacetyl into acetoin and 2,3-Butanediol at the middle of the primary fermentation. (wyeastlab.com)
  • Depending on the beer profile standard, once the fermentation process reaches 40 to 50% attenuation the temperature is raised 3 to 5 degrees to allow the yeast to reabsorb the diacetyl and break it down to Acetoin, then into 2,3 butanediol. (wyeastlab.com)
  • In the study, the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health concludes that chemicals found in the flavoring liquids for e-cigs, such as Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedoine, and Acetoin, represent significant respiratory health risks. (alec.org)
  • BFV are a complex mixture of volatile agents containing of diacetyl and butyric acid, two components of BFV, and to develop a hybrid computational fluid dynamic-physiologically diacetyl (2,3-butanedione), acetoin, 2-nonanone, acetic acid, based pharmacokinetic model (CFD-PBPK) to describe these and butyric acid, among other vapors (Boylstein et al. (cdc.gov)
Solvent1
  • of acetoin to solvent in 10-mL volumetric flask. (cdc.gov)
Toxic2
  • Acetoin is a flamm able and toxic com pound. (cdc.gov)
  • Product surveys show that these compounds, plus a less toxic alternative, acetoin, are widely used in e-liquids. (nicotinepolicy.net)
Compounds1
  • Any compounds with similar retention times to acetoin. (cdc.gov)
Production4
  • Deacidification of grass silage press juice by continuous production of acetoin from its lactate via an immobilized enzymatic reaction cascade. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Of 69 patients admitted with acute gastroenteritis, 28 were positive for A. sobria based on the production of gas from glucose, the production of acetoin, hydrogen sulfide and lysine decarboxylase and on aesculin hydrolysis and fermentation of arabinose and salicin. (who.int)
  • Positive reactions were obtained for acetoin production and citrate assimilation. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, strain T6HS14 displayed acetoin production capacity while 8 strains were able to produce brown pigment on Yeast extract-Ethanol-Peptone-Glucose medium. (who.int)
Sample1
  • The working range for acetoin was 0.6 to 75.6 mg/m3 for a 5 L air sample. (cdc.gov)
Propionyl4
  • Caramel V2 Flavour from Capella Acetoin and Acetyl Propionyl Free Capella Flavour Drops are water soluble, highly concentrated, multi-purpose flavour concentrates. (flavourworld.com.au)
  • Capella Hazelnut V2 Acetoin and Acetyl Propionyl Free Capella Flavour Drops are water soluble, highly concentrated, multi-purpose flavour concentrates. (flavourworld.com.au)
  • Other flavor components with potentially adverse health effects include Acetoin and Acetyl Propionyl. (dtvape.co.nz)
  • A diketone (Acetoin, Acetyl Propionyl)- free version of our Bavarian Cream! (theflavourist.com)
Acetylpropionyl1
  • Weitere Angaben: Enthält kein Acetoin und Acetylpropionyl, aber einige Aromen enthalten von der FDA zugelassene Farbstoffe. (savevape.de)
Colorimetric determination of blood acetoin1
Dehydrogenase3
  • Acetoin Dehydrogenase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Acetoin Dehydrogenase" by people in this website by year, and whether "Acetoin Dehydrogenase" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Acetoin Dehydrogenase" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
Natural Acetoin1
  • Synonyms Natural Acetoin;3-hydroxy-2-oxobutane;DIMETHYLKETOL;FEMA 2008;GAMMA-HYDROXY-BETA-OXOBUTANE;2,3-BUTANOLONE;ACETOIN;ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL Chemical Properties Acetoin is a yellowish liquid with a bland, woody, yogurt odor and a fatty creamy "tub" butter taste. (rooloong.com)
Fermentation3
  • Of 69 patients admitted with acute gastroenteritis, 28 were positive for A. sobria based on the production of gas from glucose, the production of acetoin, hydrogen sulfide and lysine decarboxylase and on aesculin hydrolysis and fermentation of arabinose and salicin. (who.int)
  • Chemical Properties clear yellow solution Occurrence Reported found in fresh apple, butter, cheddar cheese, coffee, cocoa, honey, wheat bread and wine Uses Acetoin is a produced via fermentation of wines, dairy products and sugars by fermentive bacteria. (rooloong.com)
  • For the method of Gram will be prepared varnishes, where the Gram positives cocci in form of grape cluster will be submitted to the test of catalase for confirmation of the sort, and consecutively to the tests of coagulase it exempts, fermentation of mannitol in anaerobe, the production of acetoin (VP) and termonuclease, for identification of the species. (fapesp.br)
Chemical Compounds1
  • Chemical analysis then identified the chemical compounds associated with the odor changes as acetoin and 1-octen-3-ol. (perfumerflavorist.com)
Ethyl alcohol1
  • These e-liquids may contain trace amounts of acetoin or ethyl alcohol. (netlify.app)
Synthesis2
  • Interestingly, both the genetic determinants required for sucrose metabolism and the synthesis of acetoin and 2,3-butanediol are clustered on a genomic island. (nih.gov)
  • Researchers at the University of California, Davis have developed a novel system for acetoin and 2,3-butanediol synthesis from carbon dioxide. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
Dairy1
  • Dairy flavors are the most obvious focus, but acetoin plays an important role in virtually every flavor category. (perfumerflavorist.com)
Acetylmethylcarbinol1
Mice1
  • An overview of Genetic Toxicology Micronucleus Mice study conclusions related to Acetoin (513-86-0). (nih.gov)
Reaction1
  • Phenotypic differentiation from E. nigrifluens , which induces a similar disease on Persian walnut but is nonpathogenic on alder, is based on positive reactions by the alder strains for acetoin (Voges-Proskauer reaction), endoglucanase activity, and acid production from maltose and negative reactions for esculin hydrolysis and acid production from raffinose, melibiose, sorbitol, and inositol. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Products1
  • The unique smell of butter, e.g., is due to acetoin and other condensation products of pyruvate). (feinmantheother.com)
High1
  • De beste online service voor aroma's, betrouwbaar,snelle en vlotte levering,en echte High End Aroma! (flavormonks.be)
Alphabetical Method Listing - A - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC
Alphabetical Method Listing - A - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
Natural Antioxidants Market
Natural Antioxidants Market (futuremarketinsights.com)
Acetobacter cibinongensis Bacteremia in Human - Volume 13, Number 5-May 2007 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Acetobacter cibinongensis Bacteremia in Human - Volume 13, Number 5-May 2007 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Escherichia albertii in Wild and Domestic Birds - Volume 16, Number 4-April 2010 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Escherichia albertii in Wild and Domestic Birds - Volume 16, Number 4-April 2010 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC (wwwnc.cdc.gov)
Aerosol Program Assessment Committee Report | NIOSH | CDC
Aerosol Program Assessment Committee Report | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
Frontiers | Local Acidification Limits the Current Production and Biofilm Formation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 With...
Frontiers | Local Acidification Limits the Current Production and Biofilm Formation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 With... (frontiersin.org)
Toxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents - Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes - NCBI Bookshelf
Toxicology of E-Cigarette Constituents - Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes - NCBI Bookshelf (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Search Results
Search Results (webbook.nist.gov)
PDF] Improved Performances and Control of Beer Fermentation Using Encapsulated α‐Acetolactate Decarboxylase and Modeling |...
PDF] Improved Performances and Control of Beer Fermentation Using Encapsulated α‐Acetolactate Decarboxylase and Modeling |... (semanticscholar.org)
Co-production of acetoin and succinic acid by metabolically engineered Enterobacter cloacae | Biotechnology for Biofuels and...
Co-production of acetoin and succinic acid by metabolically engineered Enterobacter cloacae | Biotechnology for Biofuels and... (biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com)
Information on EC 4.1.1.50 - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase - BRENDA Enzyme Database
Information on EC 4.1.1.50 - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase - BRENDA Enzyme Database (brenda-enzymes.org)
Artificial Butter Flavorings (ABF) Components
Artificial Butter Flavorings (ABF) Components (ntp.niehs.nih.gov)
Fumigation by bacterial volatile 2, 5-dimethylpyrazine enhances anthracnose resistance and shelf life of mango | SpringerLink
Fumigation by bacterial volatile 2, 5-dimethylpyrazine enhances anthracnose resistance and shelf life of mango | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
关注电子烟独有的毒性特征 | Environmental Health Perspectives | Vol. 128, No. 3
关注电子烟独有的毒性特征 | Environmental Health Perspectives | Vol. 128, No. 3 (ehp.niehs.nih.gov)
Vaper, Beware: The Unique Toxicological Profile of Electronic Cigarettes | Environmental Health Perspectives | Vol. 128, No. 5
Vaper, Beware: The Unique Toxicological Profile of Electronic Cigarettes | Environmental Health Perspectives | Vol. 128, No. 5 (ehp.niehs.nih.gov)
A lack of regulation is killing e-cig users - Alternet.org
A lack of regulation is killing e-cig users - Alternet.org (alternet.org)
MeSH Browser
MeSH Browser (meshb.nlm.nih.gov)