Acellular dermis is a type of processed connective tissue graft used in surgical procedures, particularly in reconstructive surgery. It is derived from human or animal skin, but has had the epidermis and cells of the dermis removed, leaving behind the intact extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM includes proteins such as collagen and elastin, which provide structural support, and growth factors, which can help to stimulate tissue regeneration.

The acellular nature of the graft means that it is less likely to be rejected by the recipient's immune system, making it a useful option for patients who may not be good candidates for autografts (tissue transplanted from another part of their own body) or allografts (tissue transplanted from another person). Acellular dermis can be used to repair and rebuild damaged skin, as well as to augment soft tissue in areas such as the face and breast.

There are several different brands and types of acellular dermis available, each with its own specific composition and indications for use. Some common examples include AlloDerm, FlexHD, and Integra Dermal Regeneration Template. The choice of graft may depend on factors such as the size and location of the defect being treated, as well as the patient's individual needs and medical history.

The dermis is the layer of skin located beneath the epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. It is composed of connective tissue and provides structure and support to the skin. The dermis contains blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, sweat glands, and oil glands. It is also responsible for the production of collagen and elastin, which give the skin its strength and flexibility. The dermis can be further divided into two layers: the papillary dermis, which is the upper layer and contains finger-like projections called papillae that extend upwards into the epidermis, and the reticular dermis, which is the lower layer and contains thicker collagen bundles. Together, the epidermis and dermis make up the true skin.