9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.Benz(a)Anthracenes: Four fused benzyl rings with three linear and one angular, that can be viewed as a benzyl-phenanthrenes. Compare with NAPHTHACENES which are four linear rings.Carcinogens: Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.Dimethyl Suberimidate: The methyl imidoester of suberic acid used to produce cross links in proteins. Each end of the imidoester will react with an amino group in the protein molecule to form an amidine.Dimethyl Adipimidate: Bifunctional cross-linking agent that links covalently free amino groups of proteins or polypeptides, including those in cell membranes. It is used as reagent or fixative in immunohistochemistry and is a proposed antisickling agent.Sulfuric Acid Esters: Organic esters of sulfuric acid.Ornithine Decarboxylase: A pyridoxal-phosphate protein, believed to be the rate-limiting compound in the biosynthesis of polyamines. It catalyzes the decarboxylation of ornithine to form putrescine, which is then linked to a propylamine moiety of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine to form spermidine.Electromagnetic Fields: Fields representing the joint interplay of electric and magnetic forces.Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.PolyaminesEflornithine: An inhibitor of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, the rate limiting enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.Putrescine: A toxic diamine formed by putrefaction from the decarboxylation of arginine and ornithine.Carboxy-Lyases: Enzymes that catalyze the addition of a carboxyl group to a compound (carboxylases) or the removal of a carboxyl group from a compound (decarboxylases). EC 4.1.1.Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as flouride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.Papilloma: A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)Benzopyrenes: A class of chemicals that contain an anthracene ring with a naphthalene ring attached to it.Chrysenes: 1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.PhenanthrenesMammary Neoplasms, Experimental: Experimentally induced mammary neoplasms in animals to provide a model for studying human BREAST NEOPLASMS.Skin Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.Mammary Neoplasms, Animal: Tumors or cancer of the MAMMARY GLAND in animals (MAMMARY GLANDS, ANIMAL).Breast Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.Cell Line, Tumor: A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.Thiocyanates: Organic derivatives of thiocyanic acid which contain the general formula R-SCN.Isothiocyanates: Organic compounds with the general formula R-NCS.Apoptosis: One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.Caspases: A family of intracellular CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES that play a role in regulating INFLAMMATION and APOPTOSIS. They specifically cleave peptides at a CYSTEINE amino acid that follows an ASPARTIC ACID residue. Caspases are activated by proteolytic cleavage of a precursor form to yield large and small subunits that form the enzyme. Since the cleavage site within precursors matches the specificity of caspases, sequential activation of precursors by activated caspases can occur.Prostatic Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.Cell Cycle: The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.Pyrenes: A group of condensed ring hydrocarbons.Spectrometry, Fluorescence: Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.Fluorescence: The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.Lasers, Excimer: Gas lasers with excited dimers (i.e., excimers) as the active medium. The most commonly used are rare gas monohalides (e.g., argon fluoride, xenon chloride). Their principal emission wavelengths are in the ultraviolet range and depend on the monohalide used (e.g., 193 nm for ArF, 308 nm for Xe Cl). These lasers are operated in pulsed and Q-switched modes and used in photoablative decomposition involving actual removal of tissue. (UMDNS, 2005)Herpes Simplex: A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)Simplexvirus: A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. The type species is HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN.Herpesvirus 1, Human: The type species of SIMPLEXVIRUS causing most forms of non-genital herpes simplex in humans. Primary infection occurs mainly in infants and young children and then the virus becomes latent in the dorsal root ganglion. It then is periodically reactivated throughout life causing mostly benign conditions.Research: Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)Research Personnel: Those individuals engaged in research.Herpesvirus 2, Human: A species of SIMPLEXVIRUS associated with genital infections (HERPES GENITALIS). It is transmitted by sexual intercourse and close personal contact.Vero Cells: A CELL LINE derived from the kidney of the African green (vervet) monkey, (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) used primarily in virus replication studies and plaque assays.Nanotubes: Nanometer-sized tubes composed of various substances including carbon (CARBON NANOTUBES), boron nitride, or nickel vanadate.Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.Luminescence: Emission of LIGHT when ELECTRONS return to the electronic ground state from an excited state and lose the energy as PHOTONS. It is sometimes called cool light in contrast to INCANDESCENCE. LUMINESCENT MEASUREMENTS take advantage of this type of light emitted from LUMINESCENT AGENTS.Lasers: An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton: Fluorescence microscopy utilizing multiple low-energy photons to produce the excitation event of the fluorophore. Multiphoton microscopes have a simplified optical path in the emission side due to the lack of an emission pinhole, which is necessary with normal confocal microscopes. Ultimately this allows spatial isolation of the excitation event, enabling deeper imaging into optically thick tissue, while restricting photobleaching and phototoxicity to the area being imaged.Photons: Discrete concentrations of energy, apparently massless elementary particles, that move at the speed of light. They are the unit or quantum of electromagnetic radiation. Photons are emitted when electrons move from one energy state to another. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Keratoacanthoma: A benign, non-neoplastic, usually self-limiting epithelial lesion closely resembling squamous cell carcinoma clinically and histopathologically. It occurs in solitary, multiple, and eruptive forms. The solitary and multiple forms occur on sunlight exposed areas and are identical histologically; they affect primarily white males. The eruptive form usually involves both sexes and appears as a generalized papular eruption.Skin: The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.Inflammation: A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.Mice, Inbred C57BLTransgenes: Genes that are introduced into an organism using GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.
List of MeSH codes (D04)... vitamin k 1 MeSH D04.615.638.721.374.844 --- vitamin k 2 MeSH D04.615.638.721.374.922 --- vitamin k 3 MeSH D04.615.638.845 --- ... 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin MeSH D04.615.638.960.492 --- levobunolol MeSH D04.615.638.960.585 --- mibefradil MeSH ... 25-hydroxyvitamin d 2 MeSH D04.808.247.808.489 --- fusidic acid MeSH D04.808.247.808.607 --- lanosterol MeSH D04.808.247.808. ... t-2 toxin MeSH D04.345.891.900 --- trichodermin MeSH D04.615.117.050 --- dithranol (anthralin) MeSH D04.615.117.159 --- ...
N-dimethyl)benzenamine 4,4'-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate 2-Methylfluoranthene 3-Methylfluoranthene Methylglyoxal Methyl ... N-Dimethylaniline Dimethylformamide Dimethyl hydrogen phosphite 1,4-Dimethylphenanthrene 3,5-Dinitrotoluene ... 2 HC Red No. 3 HC Yellow No. 4 Hepatitis D virus Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorophene Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II ... 9 Dapsone Decabromodiphenyl oxide Deltamethrin Diacetylaminoazotoluene Diallate 1,2-Diamino-4-nitrobenzene 1,4-Diamino-2- ...
The influence of liver function on the adrenolytic and carcinogenic action of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2 benzanthracene - Enlighten:...AS hepatic damage was shown to protect the adrenal glands against necrosis it appears that the metabolic conversion of 9;10- ... dimethyl-1;2-benzanthracene to an adrenolytic derivative is a function of the liver. In order to assess degrees of liver damage ... Kernohan, Ian Riddell (1971) The influence of liver function on the adrenolytic and carcinogenic action of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2 ... The influence of liver function on the adrenolytic and carcinogenic action of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2 benzanthracene ...
Induction of apoptosis by tea polyphenols mediated through mitochondrial cell death pathway in mouse skin tumors1 Proteomics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR), Lucknow 226001, India. ... Bcl-2 and survivin by DMBA were downregulated. Further, we showed that tea polyphenols supplementation resulted in release of ...
![Benz[a]anthracene, 7,12-dimethyl](data:image/png;base64,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)
Benz[a]anthracene, 7,12-dimethylOther names: DMBA; 7,12-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene; 7,12-Dimethylbenzo[a]anthracene; 7,12- ... C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 310. C. Capillary. DB-5MS. 443.82. Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002. 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 «mu»m, 40. C @ 1. ... Beernaert, H., Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Polyclylic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chromatogr., 1979, 173, 1, 109-118, https ... m/0.3 mm/0.34 «mu»m, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C. ...
DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70380-7 Abstract The present study evaluated the chemopreventive potential of (6)-paradol, a pungent ... 1 Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, ...
Persistence of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-positive foci during hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene. Animals. Cheek. Cricetinae. Histocytochemistry. Kinetics. Male. Mesocricetus. Mouth Neoplasms ... During the same 10-week posttreatment period, several dysplastic and occasional neoplastic lesions, some of which displayed ... A comparison of GGT-positive foci at the completion of the DMBA regimen and at 10 weeks thereafter revealed no significant ... 10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; EC 2.3.2.2/gamma-Glutamyltransferase From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National ...
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene. Aminolevulinic Acid / therapeutic use*. Animals. Carcinogens. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / ... 2505276 - 3-(2-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine)propionic acid and some of its derivatives with suspected t.... 18962276 - Thiosulphate ... In this study, we used 5-aminolevulinic (ALA) acid and 3 water soluble photosensitizers-PP(Arg)(2), PP(Ser)(2)Arg(2), PP(Ala)(2 ... 2913306 - Synthesis and evaluation of antileukemic activity of 5-thienyl- or 5-(2-furyl)-2,3-dihy.... 1724726 - Chemical ...
Human Gene CDH13 (ENST00000431540.7) Description and Page Index Diseases sorted by gene-association score: lung cancer (4), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (2), colorectal cancer (1 ... Alternate Gene Symbols: A8W476, A8W477, CAD13_HUMAN, CDHH, NM_001220491, P55290, Q6GTW4, Q8TBX3, uc010chh.1, uc010chh.2, ... EU190357 - Homo sapiens cadherin 13 soluble isoform 2 (CDH13) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.. EU190358 - Homo ... sapiens cadherin 13 soluble isoform 1 (CDH13) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.. AK307862 - Homo sapiens cDNA, ...
Ten Brinke A; Dekkers DW; Notten SM; Karsten ML; de Groot ER; Aarden LA. ... 9,10-Dimetil-1,2-benzantraceno/toxicidade. Animais. Carcin genos/toxicidade. Transforma o Celular Neopl sica/induzido ... Analytes were stable in plasma for 24 h at room temperature, 9 days at 4 degrees C, and 45 days at -20 degrees C and -70 ... The resultant 4-butyl-4-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione (4-OH-OPB) killed both replicating and NR ...
NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search - 20027879 - Characterization of ornithine decarboxylase activies of human breast cancer cells ...NIOSHTIC-2 Publications Search. Search Results. Search for NIOSH Publications:. *Advanced Search ... 9, 10 Dimethyl 1,2 benzanthracene (DMBA) also induced ODC activity of MCF-7 cells in similar manner. In contrast, ODC activity ... Melatonin induced ODC activity significantly in MCF-7 cells with 1 nM concentration at 12h. Studies are underway to determine ... Proceedings of the Eighty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, March 28 - April 1, 1998, New ...
![Mouse skin tumor-initiating activity of 5-, 7-, and 12-methyl- and fluorine-substituted benz[a]anthracenes. | CureHunter](data:image/png;base64,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)
Mouse skin tumor-initiating activity of 5-, 7-, and 12-methyl- and fluorine-substituted benz[a]anthracenes. | CureHunterOutbred CD-1 and outbred Sencar mice received a single topical application of the hydrocarbons followed by twice weekly ...
2. Neoplasms (Cancer) 06/01/2003 - "Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase) exists mainly in tumor tissues.5-deoxy-5- ... 1. Colorectal Neoplasms (Colorectal Cancer) 10/01/2001 - "Expression of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase) in ... 11/01/1991 - "The activity of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase with deoxyribose-1-phosphate (dRib-1-P) was about tenfold ... 10/01/2005 - "[Clinicopathological significance of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase) and dihydropyrimidine ...
Effect of Spalax, rat and mouse fibroblasts on Spalax-d | Open-iAt least 10 fields were recorded for each observation. Two representative images demonstrating effects of different fibroblasts ... At least 10 fields were recorded for each observation. Two representative images demonstrating effects of different fibroblasts ... Here we addressed the questions of (1) whether Spalax is resistant to chemically-induced tumorigenesis, and (2) whether normal ... Here we addressed the questions of (1) whether Spalax is resistant to chemically-induced tumorigenesis, and (2) whether normal ...
Figure 10: Spalax fibroblasts suppress colony formation of human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 in soft agar. (A) MDA- ... Figure 10: Spalax fibroblasts suppress colony formation of human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 in soft agar. (A) MDA- ... Here we addressed the questions of (1) whether Spalax is resistant to chemically-induced tumorigenesis, and (2) whether normal ... Here we addressed the questions of (1) whether Spalax is resistant to chemically-induced tumorigenesis, and (2) whether normal ...
Model DetailsMMHCdb has been designed to aid researchers in such areas as choosing experimental models, reviewing patterns of mutations in specific cancers, and identifying genes that are commonly mutated across a spectrum of cancers.
780. Tolylfluanid (Pesticide residues in food: 1988 evaluations Part II Toxicology)The oral LD50 of a major plant metabolite, DMST (N,N-dimethyl-N-p-tolylsulphamide), exceeds 2500 mg/kg in rats and 1000 mg/kg ... F1b animals (20 females-10 males/dose) were then mated and F1a and F1b generations were obtained. The study was ended when F1b ... After 70 days of treatment F0 animals were mated on a 2-female-to-1-male basis. After delivery (F1a) and a 4-week lactation and ... Rat M inhalation* - 265 2/ Kimmerle & Lorke, 1967 (4-hr exp.) Rat M i.p. 20.2 1/ - Kimmerle, 1968 Rat F i.p. 25.6 1/ - Kimmerle ...
Liver as a Model System for Analyzing Mechanisms of Tumor Initiation and Promotion | SpringerLinkN-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene in the rat. Cancer Res. 39: 112-115.PubMedGoogle Scholar ... 1.. Deelman, H.T. 1927. The part played by injury and repair in the development of cancer. Brit. Med. J. 1: 872.Google Scholar ... In: Carcinogenesis, Volume 2. T.J. Slaga, A. Sivak, and R.K. Boutwell, eds. Raven Press: New York. pp. 421-432.Google Scholar ... Tumors in CF-1 mice exposed for six consecutive generations to DDT. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51: 983-997.Google Scholar ...
1 C shows a Southern blot analysis of AAA-flox-neo and AAA alleles, and Fig. 1 D shows PCR genotyping of a litter derived from ... 2 B). By 24 h, most of the mutant cells had reached an 8-N DNA content. At this point, some of the wild-type cells also adapted ... 2 A), although the level in Cdc20+/AAA-flox-neo cells showed a slight decrease, most likely because the AAA-flox-neo allele is ... Figure 2. Cdc20AAA disrupts SAC. (A) Western blot analysis of Cdc20 expression. (B) FACS profiles of the cells treated with 80 ...
... vitamin k 1 MeSH D04.615.638.721.374.844 --- vitamin k 2 MeSH D04.615.638.721.374.922 --- vitamin k 3 MeSH D04.615.638.845 --- ... 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin MeSH D04.615.638.960.492 --- levobunolol MeSH D04.615.638.960.585 --- mibefradil MeSH ... 25-hydroxyvitamin d 2 MeSH D04.808.247.808.489 --- fusidic acid MeSH D04.808.247.808.607 --- lanosterol MeSH D04.808.247.808. ... t-2 toxin MeSH D04.345.891.900 --- trichodermin MeSH D04.615.117.050 --- dithranol (anthralin) MeSH D04.615.117.159 --- ...
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Infection Is Associated with Lymphoproliferative Disease and Lymphoma in BALB β2 Microglobulin...10.↵ Collins, C. M., and P. G. Medveczky. 2001. Oncogenic transformation of T cells by Herpesvirus saimiri, p. 140-158. In L. J ... 9.↵ Christensen, J. P., R. D. Cardin, K. C. Branum, and P. C. Doherty. 1999. CD4(+) T cell-mediated control of a gamma- ... 2.↵ Bais, C., B. Santomasso, O. Coso, L. Arvanitakis, E. G. Raaka, J. S. Gutkind, A. S. Asch, E. Cesarman, M. C. Gershengorn, E ... 1.↵ Ambinder, R. F. 2000. Gammaherpesviruses and "Hit-and-Run" oncogenesis. Am. J. Pathol. 156:1-3. ...
Y1 - 2020/2/1. N2 - Breast cancers evolve in a multistage process that can span decades after a carcinogenic exposure. It ... 2, 01.02.2020, p. 173-184.. Research output: Contribution to journal › Article ... Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 13(2), 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0322 ...
3,4-bis(3'-hydroxyphenyl)hexane--a new mammary tumor-inhibiting compound - University of Regensburg Publication ServerTested on the 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene-induced hormone-dependent mammary adenocarcinoma of the Sprague-Dawley rat all ...
Lin, J. M., Amin, S., Trushin, N. & Hecht, S. S., Nov 1 1993, In : Cancer Letters. 74, 3, p. 151-159 9 p.. Research output: ... El-bayoumy, K., Upadhyaya, P., Desai, D. H., Amin, S. & Hecht, S. S., Jun 1 1993, In : Carcinogenesis. 14, 6, p. 1111-1113 3 p. ... Amin, S., Desai, D. & Hecht, S. S., Oct 1 1993, In : Carcinogenesis. 14, 10, p. 2033-2037 5 p.. Research output: Contribution ... Wagner, A. J., Meyers, C., Laimins, L. A. & Hay, N., Nov 1 1993, In : Cell Growth and Differentiation. 4, 11, p. 879-884 6 p.. ...
Plus it1C). In time course experiments using 40 μmol/L sulforaphane, the induction of Bax and Bak proteins was evident as early as 4 ... A, analysis of sub-G0/G1 fraction in MEFs derived from wild-type (WT) and Bax and/or Bak knockout mice following a 24-hour ... 2B. Consistent with the results of DNA fragmentation assay ( Fig. 1B) and flow cytometric analysis of subdiploid cells ( Fig. 2 ... 2A , a 24-hour treatment of wild-type MEFs with 30 μmol/L sulforaphane caused a ,30-fold increase in percentage of subdiploid ...
1C). In time course experiments using 40 μmol/L sulforaphane, the induction of Bax and Bak proteins was evident as early as 4 ... A, analysis of sub-G0/G1 fraction in MEFs derived from wild-type (WT) and Bax and/or Bak knockout mice following a 24-hour ... 2B. Consistent with the results of DNA fragmentation assay ( Fig. 1B) and flow cytometric analysis of subdiploid cells ( Fig. 2 ... 2A , a 24-hour treatment of wild-type MEFs with 30 μmol/L sulforaphane caused a ,30-fold increase in percentage of subdiploid ...
CarcinogenesisDMBAGenesTumorsProteinsApoptosisLinoleic Acid2019MiceTumorRatsInflammationDerivatives2001NanoparticlesVitro10.1016CompoundsEpidermisInfectionDamageJournalNotationInducesResearchPreventionResiduesDietaryGenomeDerivativeNutritionEvaluationCutaneousChemicalSignificantlyAndrogensActive ingredientMRNA
- The synergistic effect of 9.10-dimethyl-1.2-benzanthracene and colchicine in skin carcinogenesis in mice. (nih.gov)
- Carcinogenesis, in many of the major organs, is a long process spanning 10 to 30 years starting from initiated cells and advancing to invasive cancer, theoretically providing a long "intervention window. (aacrjournals.org)
- Tea polyphenols treatment along with DMBA exposure resulted in upregulation of p53, and proapoptotic protein Bax, whereas enhanced expression of antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and survivin by DMBA were downregulated. (nih.gov)
- A comparison of GGT-positive foci at the completion of the DMBA regimen and at 10 weeks thereafter revealed no significant decrease in either the number or the size of the foci. (biomedsearch.com)
- During the same 10-week posttreatment period, several dysplastic and occasional neoplastic lesions, some of which displayed patchy GGT activity, developed in the pouch epithelium of DMBA-treated animals. (biomedsearch.com)
- In this study, we used 5-aminolevulinic (ALA) acid and 3 water soluble photosensitizers-PP(Arg)(2), PP(Ser)(2)Arg(2), PP(Ala)(2)Arg(2), all diamino acid derivatives of protoporphyrin IX-to treat benign papillomas in FVB/N mice induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). (biomedsearch.com)
- 9, 10 Dimethyl 1,2 benzanthracene (DMBA) also induced ODC activity of MCF-7 cells in similar manner. (cdc.gov)
- While all mice and rats developed the expected tumors following treatment with both carcinogens, among Spalax no tumors were observed after DMBA/TPA treatment, while 3MCA induced benign fibroblastic proliferation in 2 Spalax individuals out of12, and only a single animal from the advanced age group developed malignancy 18 months post-treatment. (nih.gov)
- We investigated a sex differences and the effects of ovariectomy on the histology of 9,10-dimethyl-1-,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced adenocarcinomas in the submandibular gland of rats. (nii.ac.jp)
- Wistar rats, (7 weeks-age, 58 females and 5 males) were divided four groups : (1) non ovariectomy, (2) ovariectomy, (3) Tamoxifen application, anti-estrogen Tamoxifen application after development of DMBA-induced adenocarcinoma (4) male rats. (nii.ac.jp)
- In thirty-two females non-ovariectomized rats a 0.1 ml of 1% DMBA dissolved in acetone was injected directly into the submandibular glands biweekly. (nii.ac.jp)
- In contrast, identical treatment with N-OH-3-ABA resulted in adduct levels in the same range as with DMBA (136+/-25 adducts/10(8) nucleotides), indicating that initial DNA adduct levels do not parallel tumour initiating activity. (openrepository.com)
- Interventions: A control group of 20 hamsters received application of the carcinogen 9,10- dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) to their cheek pouch mucosa. (elsevier.com)
- Abstract Purpose: To examine the effects of Arrabidaa chica (Bignoniacea) extract, a native plant of the Amazon known as crajiru, on a 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer model in Wistar rats. (bvsalud.org)
- [email protected]#Seventy female SD rats were randomized into 4 groups, namely the blank control group (=10), mechanical irritation group (=10), acetone solution group (=10), and mechanical irritation with DMBA acetone solution group (=40, model group), and the corresponding treatments were administered 3 times a week for 14 weeks. (bvsalud.org)
- The effect of zinc on 9, 10 dimethyl- 1, 2 benzanthracene(DMBA) induced salivary gland tumours in the albino rat. (wits.ac.za)
- Since estrogenic exposures early in life modify susceptibility to develop breast cancer, we wondered whether maternal dietary intake of 5% or 10% flaxseed during pregnancy or lactation (between postpartum days 5 and 25) might affect 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis in the rat offspring. (nih.gov)
- Of six tumors from DMBA/TPA-treated FVB/N mice, three had trisomy 10 or 15 (or both), and two appeared normal. (elsevier.com)
- Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a purified diet containing olive oil (m-monoene fat), partially hydro-genated corn oil (trans-monoene fat), or a blend of these two oils at the 10% level and received a single oral dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthra-cene (DMBA). (elsevier.com)
- Oral administration of curcumin (80 mg/kg body wt) and ferulic acid (40 mg/kg body wt) to DMBA painted hamsters on days alternate to DMBA painting for 14 weeks completely inhibited tumor formation and down-regulated the expression pattern of p53 and bcl-2 proteins. (bvsalud.org)
- Our results thus demonstrated the protective role of curcumin and ferulic acid on DMBA-induced abnormal expression of p53 and bcl-2 proteins in the buccal mucosa of golden Syrian hamsters. (bvsalud.org)
- For the lower-dosage regimens listed in Table 1, dilute the 0.1% DMBA solution in acetone to yield the appropriate concentration. (scienceexchange.com)
- Subsequent reports have, however, suggested that delay does decrease tumour yields, and this is confirmed by the present study of 2200 mice initiated at 8, 48, or 68 weeks with 10, 30, 100, or 300 microgram of DMBA and promoted by a standard dose of TPA for 15 weeks, after various delays. (ox.ac.uk)
- The purpose of the present study is to determine whether certain dietary PUFAs differentially modulate the patterns of cell proliferation and apoptosis at non-tumoral sites of the oral mucosa in mice bearing 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) induced salivary gland tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
- We tested the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) gene polymorphism in the inflammatory response and in skin and lung tumori genes is in 2 lines of mice phenotypically selected for maximum or minimum acute inflammatory reaction (AIRmax and AIRmin, respectively). (elsevier.com)
- In skin tissue, transcript levels of ILlβ, Tnf, 06, Tgfβ 1 and Cyplbl genes were unregulated in AIRmin but not AIRmax mice, consistent with the inflammatory responses to the carcinogen. (elsevier.com)
- To identify possible genetic changes associated with the development of malignant tumors, explanted cells were cultured En vitro and assessed for karyotypic changes between the second and third passages by analyzing G-banded metaphase chromosomes. (elsevier.com)
- Multiple skin tumors in mice following a single painting with 9:10 dimethyl-1:2 benzanthracene. (docphin.com)
- It has been shown that a number of proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV- 1) are phosphorylated and HSV-1 encodes viral PKs, but the role of phosphorylation of viral proteins in HSV-1 infection has not been clarified. (nii.ac.jp)
- In the present study, the effects of PK inhibitors including protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors, genistein and tyrphostin, and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, 1-(5-isoquinoline- sulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), on the replication of HSV-1 and phosphorylation of viral proteins were examined. (nii.ac.jp)
- The HSV-1 proteins which have phosphorylated tyrosine residues and suppressed by tyrphostin 9 most significantly were the products of the UL47 gene, the tegument proteins VP13/14. (nii.ac.jp)
- A significant increase was observed in the expression levels of tumor suppressor protein (p53), apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3) and cell-cycle regulator proteins (Cyclin D1, CDK2 and CDK4) in the skin of DT-treated p27 (IΔ) KO mice, although their enhancement ratio was varied. (bvsalud.org)
- Quantitative comparison of the G 1 /S checkpoint, apoptosis, and expression of p53 proteins in Chk2 -/- versus ATM -/- thymocytes suggested that Chk2 can regulate p53-dependent apoptosis in an ATM-independent manner. (elsevier.com)
- The modulating effect of curcumin and ferulic acid was investigated on expression pattern of apoptosis regulatory p53 and bcl-2 proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). (bvsalud.org)
- The expression pattern of p53 and bcl-2 proteins was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. (bvsalud.org)
- Overexpression of p53 and bcl-2 proteins was observed in the buccal mucosa of tumor-bearing hamsters. (bvsalud.org)
- However incorporation of paddy straw in conjunction with N(60)P(60) and T. We have found that SOSIP gp140 proteins based on the subtype A HIV-1 strain KNH1144 form particularly homogenous trimers compared to a prototypic strain (JR-FL, subtype B). The Mapleson C system will be efficient if inspiration is long and the expiratory pause is minimal. (faintpower.gq)
- AhR is a multiple ligand-binding transcription factor and a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt Sim domain proteins [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, we show that multidomain proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bax and Bak play a critical role in apoptosis induction by sulforaphane. (aacrjournals.org)
- Tissues from Chk2 -/- mice, including those from the thymus, central nervous system, fibroblasts, epidermis, and hair follicles, show significant defects in IR-induced apoptosis or impaired G 1 /S arrest. (elsevier.com)
- Of seven bioflavonoids screened, galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) blocked PAH-induced but not C(2)-ceramide- or H(2)O(2)-induced pre-B cell apoptosis. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- In measurement, T cell activity was indicated in 14 articles, NK activity in 4 articles, IL-2 in 6 articles, apoptosis in 1 article, lung metastasis in 14 articles.Conclusion : Considering overall results, it is necessary to diversify cancer-induced methods and measurement methods in experimental melanoma research. (koreascience.or.kr)
- The difference in the fatty acid composition of dietary fats was confined to the geometry of octadecenoate with an appropriate supply of linoleic acid (2% of total energy). (elsevier.com)
- 34(10): e201901001, Oct. 2019. (bvsalud.org)
- Outbred CD-1 and outbred Sencar mice received a single topical application of the hydrocarbons followed by twice weekly applications of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate for 16-26 weeks. (curehunter.com)
- Mice are challenged with herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) to determine the correlation of tissue damage as quantified by OCT to increased susceptibility. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- A separate group of mice are treated similarly then challenged with HSV-2. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- L-SFN or synthetic SFN offered protection against 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene-induced mammary cancer in rats, azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci in rats, and benzo( a )pyrene-induced forestomach cancer in mice ( 9 - 11 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- Here, PAD2OE mice were treated with the carcinogen, 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene and with O -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and then scored for papilloma formation. (springer.com)
- Interestingly, most of the genetically modified mice available for the study of breast cancer do not express ER and PR [ 2 ], leaving few models available in which to address hormone-dependent tumor progression specifically. (biomedcentral.com)
- Female SENCAR mice were fed 1 of 3 15% fat diets containing LA at levels of 0.8,4.5, and 8.4% before, during, and after intragastric administration of 6 mg (1 mg/week) 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthnicene. (uthscsa.edu)
- Forty-eight BALB/c mice of both sexes were randomly assigned, after weaning, to four dietary groups: Control (C), Corn Oil (CO), Fish (FO) y Olein (O). The first was fed on a conventional diet containing 5% mixed fat, 20% protein, 67% carbohydrates and 2 % fiber. (biomedcentral.com)
- Maintaining and cultivating parasitic worms in artificial conditions The ontogeny of interleukin 2 (IL 2) production in young CBA/HT6T6J mice was studied using both bulk culture and limiting dilution methods. (termsreign.cf)
- Here we addressed the questions of (1) whether Spalax is resistant to chemically-induced tumorigenesis, and (2) whether normal fibroblasts isolated from Spalax possess tumor-suppressive activity. (nih.gov)
- Evidence that tumorigenesis is a multistage process first emerged from experiments showing that wounding of skin previously treated with coal tar resulted in tumor formation at the wound site (1). (springer.com)
- 1949. The persistence of latent tumor cells induced in the mouse's skin by a single application of 9,10-dimethyl-1-2-benzanthracene. (springer.com)
- Tested on the 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene-induced hormone-dependent mammary adenocarcinoma of the Sprague-Dawley rat all compounds showed marked inhibition of tumor growth. (uni-regensburg.de)
- In future, we will test the inhibitory effect of above described PK inhibitors on both HSV-1 and tumor formation in vivo. (nii.ac.jp)
- Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that curcumin exerts anticancer activities in many cancer cell lines and tumor models targeting multiple signaling pathways including Notch1 ( 6 ), COX-2 ( 7 ), chk1 ( 8 ), NF-κB ( 9, 10 ), SP1 ( 9 ), and Stat3 ( 11 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- Our data indicated that both in utero and postnatal 5% and 10% flaxseed exposures shortened mammary tumor latency, and 10% flaxseed exposure increased tumor multiplicity, compared to the controls. (nih.gov)
- This tumor was recently reported to have a rearrangement of the Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene (EWS RNA-binding protein 1, EWSR1) in 5 of 8 cases tested and of the activating transcription factor 1 gene (ATF1) in 1 case tested. (termsreign.gq)
- 1977). In another study, doses of 2 or 20 mg/kg bw of 14 C-ring- labelled tolylfluanid were orally administered to male and female Wistar rats. (inchem.org)
- A group of rats of both sexes were also pretreated for 14 days with daily doses of 2 mg/kg bw of non-radioactive tolylfluanid before receiving the radioactive compound. (inchem.org)
- Biotransformation A single dose of fluorodichloromethyl- 14 C-labelled tolylfluanid was administered orally or intravenously to rats (5 or 10 mg/kg bw). (inchem.org)
- The main radioactive metabolite in the urine of treated rats was found to be thiazolidine-2-thione-4-carbonic acid (TTC). (inchem.org)
- For example, sulforaphane was shown to offer statistically significant protection against 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats (15) . (aacrjournals.org)
- 1. The effects of frozen irradiated homogenous bone grafts on the healing of circumscribed defects in the mandibles and femora of forty albino rats have been studied. (wits.ac.za)
- Further, when assessed in 8-week-old rats, in utero 10% flaxseed exposure increased lobular ER-alpha protein levels, and both in utero and postnatal flaxseed exposures dose-dependently reduced ER-beta protein levels in the terminal end buds (TEBs) lobules and ducts. (nih.gov)
- The number of proliferating cells, identified using PCNA stain, per 1,000 epithelial cells counted, in the mammary glands of 8-week-old rats fed 0%, 5% or 10% flaxseed diet in utero or during postnatal period (n=4-5 rats per group). (nih.gov)
- ER-α protein expression, determined by immunohistochemistry, in the mammary glands of 8-week-old rats exposed to a 0%, 5% or 10% flaxseed diet in utero or during postnatal period (n=4-5 rats per group). (nih.gov)
- Rats exposed to 10% flaxseed in utero exhibited elevated, and rats exposed to 5% flaxseed during postnatal period reduced expression of this receptor. (nih.gov)
- We tested whether carcinogen defense (phase 2) enzymes could be induced in the prostate tissues of rats after oral feeding of candidate phase 2 enzyme inducing compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
- Male F344 rats were gavage fed sulforaphane, β-naphthoflavone, curcumin, dimethyl fumarate or vehicle control over five days, and on the sixth day, prostate, liver, kidney and bladder tissues were harvested. (biomedcentral.com)
- 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the disease or condition which is treatable, preventable, or ameliorable by the activation of transcription factor Nrf2 is oxidative stress, detoxification of xenobiotic substances, chronic inflammation, or a disease or condition related thereto. (freepatentsonline.com)
- 5. The composition according to claim 1, for use in the treatment, prevention, or amelioration of inflammation of the arterial wall which leads to arteriosclerosis. (freepatentsonline.com)
- Acyl derivatives of 1,5-benzodiazepines. (biomedsearch.com)
- Observations have been made of the concentration dependence of the fluorescence spectra of solutions of 1:2-benzanthracene and fifteen of its hydrocarbon derivatives. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Azido-containing diketo acid viagra generic release date cost derivatives inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase in vivo and influence the frequency of deletions at two-long-terminal-repeat-circle junctions. (oldsee.icu)
- Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(−Delta Delta C(T)) method. (springer.com)
- Unique and tunable optical properties [e.g., surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect] without obstruction by photo-bleaching or photo-blinking have made plasmonic inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) an attractive, popularly-investigated nanomaterial for biomedical imaging applications including optical imaging [ 1 ]. (springeropen.com)
- Finally, we demonstrated that the CHIKV in vitro infection of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages induced IL-1 beta production in a mechanism that is significantly dependent on the inflammasome NLRP3 activation. (bvsalud.org)
- All of the compounds, except the 9,10-dim ethyl derivative, exhibit dim er emission at higher concentrations. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
- Cancer risk reduction using pharmacologic agents, although proven to work, are not generally accepted ( 1 ), and consideration of natural bioactive compounds from dietary sources has emerged as an attractive chemopreventive strategy as these sources have played an important role in the discovery and development of novel chemopreventive agents ( 2, 3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- Xinjian Yan Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines Molecular Structures, Pharmacological Activities, Natural Sources and Applications Vol. 1: Isolated Compounds A-C Jiaju Zhou 1303, Buld. (b-ok.org)
- Orally administered compounds will induce modestly phase 2 enzyme activity in the prostate although the significance of this degree of induction is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
- The 4 different compounds also altered phase 2 enzyme activity to different degrees in different tissue types. (biomedcentral.com)
- Mucocytes dominate the outer epidermis with about 3,000 cells/mm(2) and are capable of apocrine discharge en masse. (termsreign.gq)
- Long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (oldsee.icu)
- AS hepatic damage was shown to protect the adrenal glands against necrosis it appears that the metabolic conversion of 9;10-dimethyl-1;2-benzanthracene to an adrenolytic derivative is a function of the liver. (gla.ac.uk)
- International Journal of Molecular Medicine , 20 (1), 129-136. (elsevier.com)
- Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition , 2 (1), 41-53. (elsevier.com)
- This Skin Notation Profile provides the SK assignment and supportive data for phe- nol (CAS No. 108-95-2). (cdc.gov)
- Orally administered sulforaphane potently induces phase 2 enzymes in bladder tissues and should be investigated as a bladder cancer preventive agent. (biomedcentral.com)
- 1. A composition for use in the treatment, prevention or amelioration of a disease or condition which is treatable, preventable, or ameliorable by activation of transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2 related factor 2), comprising isohumulones or isomerized hop extract as an active ingredient. (freepatentsonline.com)
- 4. The composition according to claim 1, for use in the prevention or suppression of metastasis or infiltration of cancer cells. (freepatentsonline.com)
- The induction of phase 2 carcinogen-inactivating enzymes is an important mechanism in the prevention of chemically induced cancers by SFN ( 5 , 6 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- Since prostate cancer appears to be uniquely deficient in the phase 2 enzyme GSTP1, a rational prevention strategy might be to compensate for GSTP1 loss by global induction of phase 2 enzymes within the prostate. (biomedcentral.com)
- Observational studies suggest that dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables may be inversely associated with the risk of different malignancies, including cancer of the prostate ( 1 - 4 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- The present invention relates to a 5-(1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethylene)-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivative or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, a method for preparing the same and an anticancer agent composition comprising the same as an active ingredient. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
- 12. The composition according to claim 9, wherein the food is a health food, functional food, food for specified health use, nutrition supplement food, food claiming to reduce disease risk, and food for patients. (freepatentsonline.com)
- Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction, National Toxicology Program, Expert Panel on 1- and 2-Bromopropane, Sept 01-Jan 02. (uci.edu)
- Subsequent experiments in which physical trauma was replaced by the application of chemical irritants not intrinsically tumorigenic yielded similar results (2,3). (springer.com)
- Melatonin induced ODC activity significantly in MCF-7 cells with 1 nM concentration at 12h. (cdc.gov)
- In the isolated reperfused heart, phenylephrine, mediated by alpha-1 agonism, significantly improves postischemic LV dysfunction without worsening the overall myocardial metabolic state. (faintpower.gq)
- Dimethyl fumarate did not significantly increase prostatic phase 2 enzyme activity. (biomedcentral.com)
- While estrogens have a widely understood involvement, we [ 1 ] and others (reviewed in [ 2 ]) have demonstrated a significant but not yet fully understood role for androgens in breast cancer. (beds.ac.uk)
- Testosterone serves as an obligate precursor for E 2 synthesis, so androgens play an indirect but necessary role in female physiology. (beds.ac.uk)
- 8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is isomerized hop extract. (freepatentsonline.com)