AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
4-Aminobutyrate TransaminaseTransaminasesAminobutyratesIodobenzoatesAlanine TransaminaseAminocaproatesPyridoxamineKetoglutaric AcidsAspartate AminotransferasesSuccinate-Semialdehyde DehydrogenasePyridoxal PhosphateGABA Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsD-Alanine TransaminaseBrainSwinegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamatesOrganic Anion TransportersKineticsGlutamate DecarboxylaseEncyclopedias as Topictau ProteinsPhosphorylationProtein Kinase CMolecular Sequence DataSterol O-AcyltransferasePubMedPeriodicals as TopicOxaloacetic AcidMetagenomeBooksCaproatesStreptomycetaceaeStreptomycesStreptomyces coelicolorActinobacteriaAromatic-L-Amino-Acid DecarboxylasesLevodopaCarbidopaBenserazide5-HydroxytryptophanDopamineDopa DecarboxylaseSearch EngineInformation Storage and RetrievalBarth SyndromeTripterygiumMedication AdherenceInternetAntibodiesGoatsGuinea PigsAntibody SpecificityAntibodies, ViralAntibodies, Monoclonal
4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase: An enzyme that converts brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID) into succinate semialdehyde, which can be converted to succinic acid and enter the citric acid cycle. It also acts on beta-alanine. EC 2.6.1.19.Transaminases: A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of an amino group from a donor (generally an amino acid) to an acceptor (generally a 2-keto acid). Most of these enzymes are pyridoxyl phosphate proteins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.6.1.Aminobutyrates: Derivatives of BUTYRIC ACID that contain one or more amino groups attached to the aliphatic structure. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that include the aminobutryrate structure.Iodobenzoates: Benzoic acid esters or salts substituted with one or more iodine atoms.Alanine Transaminase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.Aminocaproates: Amino derivatives of caproic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the amino caproic acid structure.Pyridoxamine: The 4-aminomethyl form of VITAMIN B 6. During transamination of amino acids, PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate.Ketoglutaric Acids: A family of compounds containing an oxo group with the general structure of 1,5-pentanedioic acid. (From Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p442)Aspartate Aminotransferases: Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the conversion of L-aspartate and 2-ketoglutarate to oxaloacetate and L-glutamate. EC 2.6.1.1.Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase: An enzyme that plays a role in the GLUTAMATE and butanoate metabolism pathways by catalyzing the oxidation of succinate semialdehyde to SUCCINATE using NAD+ as a coenzyme. Deficiency of this enzyme, causes 4-hydroxybutyricaciduria, a rare inborn error in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA).Pyridoxal Phosphate: This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins: A family of plasma membrane neurotransmitter transporter proteins that regulates extracellular levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. They differ from GABA RECEPTORS, which signal cellular responses to GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. They control GABA reuptake into PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through high-affinity sodium-dependent transport.D-Alanine Transaminase: A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group between D-Alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate to form PYRUVATE and D-GLUTAMATE, respectively. It plays a role in the synthesis of the bacterial CELL WALL. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 2.6.1.10.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Swine: Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.Glutamates: Derivatives of GLUTAMIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the 2-aminopentanedioic acid structure.Organic Anion Transporters: Proteins involved in the transport of organic anions. They play an important role in the elimination of a variety of endogenous substances, xenobiotics and their metabolites from the body.Kinetics: The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.Glutamate Decarboxylase: A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the alpha-decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid to form gamma-aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide. The enzyme is found in bacteria and in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in determining GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in normal nervous tissues. The brain enzyme also acts on L-cysteate, L-cysteine sulfinate, and L-aspartate. EC 4.1.1.15.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)tau Proteins: Microtubule-associated proteins that are mainly expressed in neurons. Tau proteins constitute several isoforms and play an important role in the assembly of tubulin monomers into microtubules and in maintaining the cytoskeleton and axonal transport. Aggregation of specific sets of tau proteins in filamentous inclusions is the common feature of intraneuronal and glial fibrillar lesions (NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; NEUROPIL THREADS) in numerous neurodegenerative disorders (ALZHEIMER DISEASE; TAUOPATHIES).Phosphorylation: The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.Protein Kinase C: An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Sterol O-Acyltransferase: An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cholesterol esters by the direct transfer of the fatty acid group from a fatty acyl CoA derivative. This enzyme has been found in the adrenal gland, gonads, liver, intestinal mucosa, and aorta of many mammalian species. EC 2.3.1.26.PubMed: A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.Periodicals as Topic: A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.Oxaloacetic Acid: A dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE.Metagenome: A collective genome representative of the many organisms, primarily microorganisms, existing in a community.BooksCaproates: Derivatives of caproic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated six carbon aliphatic structure.Streptomycetaceae: A family of soil bacteria. It also includes some parasitic forms.Streptomyces: A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.Streptomyces coelicolor: A soil-dwelling actinomycete with a complex lifecycle involving mycelial growth and spore formation. It is involved in the production of a number of medically important ANTIBIOTICS.Actinobacteria: Class of BACTERIA with diverse morphological properties. Strains of Actinobacteria show greater than 80% 16S rDNA/rRNA sequence similarity among each other and also the presence of certain signature nucleotides. (Stackebrandt E. et al, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1997) 47:479-491)Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases: An enzyme group with broad specificity. The enzymes decarboxylate a range of aromatic amino acids including dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA DECARBOXYLASE); TRYPTOPHAN; and HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN.Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.Carbidopa: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE, preventing conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no antiparkinson actions by itself.Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.Dopamine: One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.Dopa Decarboxylase: One of the AROMATIC-L-AMINO-ACID DECARBOXYLASES, this enzyme is responsible for the conversion of DOPA to DOPAMINE. It is of clinical importance in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.Search Engine: Software used to locate data or information stored in machine-readable form locally or at a distance such as an INTERNET site.Information Storage and Retrieval: Organized activities related to the storage, location, search, and retrieval of information.Barth Syndrome: Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked recessive pattern. The syndrome is characterized by muscular weakness, growth retardation, DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, variable NEUTROPENIA, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (type II) and decreases in mitochondrial CARDIOLIPIN level. Other biochemical and morphological mitochondrial abnormalities also exist.Tripterygium: A plant genus of the family CELASTRACEAE that is a source of triterpenoids and diterpene epoxides such as triptolide.Medication Adherence: Voluntary cooperation of the patient in taking drugs or medicine as prescribed. This includes timing, dosage, and frequency.Internet: A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.Antibodies: Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).Goats: Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.Guinea Pigs: A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.Antibody Specificity: The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.Antibodies, Viral: Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.Antibodies, Monoclonal: Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

A correlation between changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism and seizures induced by antivitamin B6. (1/160)

The effects of DL-penicillamine (DL-PeA), hydrazine and toxopyrimidine (TXP, 2-methyl-6-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine) on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism in mouse brain were studied. All these compounds inhibited the activity of glutamate decarboxylase [EC 4.1.1.15] (GAD) and slightly inhibited that of 4-aminobutyrate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase [EC 2.6.1.19] (GABA-T). In contrast, very different effects were observed on GABA levels; hydrazine caused a marked increase, DL-PeA had no effect, and TXP caused a slight decrease in the content of the amino acid. These results could be described by an equation which related the excitable state to changes in the flux of the GABA bypass. Since the values obtained from the equation clearly reflect the seizure activity, it is suggested that the decreased GABA flux might be a cause of convulsions induced by these drugs.  (+info)

The irreversible gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase inhibitor gamma-vinyl-GABA blocks cocaine self-administration in rats. (2/160)

gamma-Vinyl gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (GVG) is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminase, the primary enzyme involved in GABA metabolism. Acute administration of GVG increases brain GABA levels and blocks cocaine-induced locomotor activity, cocaine-induced lowering of brain stimulation reward thresholds, and cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. To further evaluate the effects of GVG on cocaine-induced reward, we examined its effects on cocaine self-administration in male Wistar rats on fixed ratio 5 and progressive ratio schedules of reinforcement. Additionally, the effects of GVG on operant responding for a food reward were examined on the same two schedules to determine whether the effects of GVG were specific to cocaine reward or generalized to other types of reward. GVG dose dependently decreased responding for cocaine on both schedules of reinforcement, suggesting that GVG attenuated the reward value of the cocaine. Responding for food was also decreased by GVG, suggesting that the effects of increased GABA levels induced by GVG may have a general effect on central reward systems. Data from this and other studies indicate that GVG does not induce motor impairment, decrease spontaneous locomotor activity, or induce catalepsy. Taken together, these data suggest that increases in GABAergic activity induced by GVG have an attenuating effect on centrally mediated reward systems and that the GABA system may be a useful target in the development of new therapeutic strategies for cocaine addiction.  (+info)

The mature size of rat 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase is different in liver and brain. (3/160)

The amino acid sequence predicted from a rat liver cDNA library indicated that the precursor of beta-AlaAT I (4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, beta-alanine-oxoglutarate aminotransferase) consists of a mature enzyme of 466 amino acid residues and a 34-amino acid terminal segment, with amino acids attributed to the leader peptide. However, the mass of beta-AlaAT I from rat brain was larger than that from rat liver and kidney, as assessed by Western-blot analysis, mass spectroscopy and N-terminal sequencing. The mature form of beta-AlaAT I from the brain had an ISQAAAK- peptide on the N-terminus of the liver mature beta-AlaAT I. Brain beta-AlaAT I was cleaved to liver beta-AlaAT I when incubated with fresh mitochondrial extract from rat liver. These results imply that mature rat liver beta-AlaAT I is proteolytically cleaved in two steps. The first cleavage of the motif XRX( downward arrow)XS is performed by a mitochondrial processing peptidase, yielding an intermediate-sized protein which is the mature brain beta-AlaAT I. The second cleavage, which generates the mature liver beta-AlaAT I, is also carried out by a mitochondrial endopeptidase. The second peptidase is active in liver but lacking in brain.  (+info)

Effects of blocking GABA degradation on corticotropin-releasing hormone gene expression in selected brain regions. (4/160)

PURPOSE: The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) degradation blocker gamma-vinyl-GABA (VGB) is used clinically to treat seizures in both adult and immature individuals. The mechanism by which VGB controls developmental seizures is not fully understood. Specifically, whether the anticonvulsant properties of VGB arise only from its elevation of brain GABA levels and the resulting activation of GABA receptors, or also from associated mechanisms, remains unresolved. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a neuropeptide present in many brain regions involved in developmental seizures, is a known convulsant in the immature brain and has been implicated in some developmental seizures. In certain brain regions, it has been suggested that CRH synthesis and release may be regulated by GABA. Therefore we tested the hypothesis that VGB decreases CRH gene expression in the immature rat brain, consistent with the notion that VGB may decrease seizures also by reducing the levels of the convulsant molecule, CRH. METHODS: VGB was administered to immature, 9-day-old rats in clinically relevant doses, whereas littermate controls received vehicle. RESULTS: In situ hybridization histochemistry demonstrated a downregulation of CRH mRNA levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus but not in other limbic regions of VGB-treated pups compared with controls. In addition, VGB-treated pups had increased CRH peptide levels in the anterior hypothalamus, as shown by radioimmunoassay. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with a reduction of both CRH gene expression and secretion in the hypothalamus, but do not support an indirect anticonvulsant mechanism of VGB via downregulation of CRH levels in limbic structures. However, the data support a region-specific regulation of CRH gene expression by GABA.  (+info)

Effect of gonadal steroids and gamma-aminobutyric acid on LH release and dopamine expression and activity in the zona incerta in rats. (5/160)

A dopaminergic system in the zona incerta stimulates LH release and may mediate the positive feedback effects of the gonadal steroids on LH release. In this study the mechanisms by which steroids might increase dopamine activity in the zona incerta were investigated. In addition, experiments were conducted to determine whether the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on LH release in the zona incerta are due to suppression of dopamine activity in this area or conversely whether the stimulatory effects of dopamine on LH release are due to suppression of a tonic inhibitory GABAergic system. Ovariectomized rats were treated s.c. with oil, 5 micrograms oestradiol benzoate or 5 micrograms oestradiol benzoate followed 48 h later by 0.5 mg progesterone, and killed 54 h after the oestradiol benzoate injection. At this time the LH concentrations were suppressed in the oestradiol benzoate group and increased in the group treated with oestradiol benzoate and progesterone. The ratio of tyrosine hydroxylase:beta-actin mRNA in the zona incerta was significantly increased by the oestradiol benzoate treatment, but the addition of progesterone resulted in values similar to those in the control group. At the same time, the progesterone treatment increased tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the zona incerta as indicated by an increase in L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) accumulation after 100 mg 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine hydrochloric acid (NSD1015) kg-1 and an increase in dopamine release as indicated by a increase in dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentrations (one of the major metabolites of dopamine). Ovariectomized rats treated with oestradiol benzoate plus progesterone were also injected i.p. with 75 mg gamma-acetylenic GABA kg-1 (a GABA transaminase inhibitor) to increase GABA concentrations in the brain. This treatment had no effect on the ratio of tyrosine hydroxylase:beta-actin mRNA but decreased L-DOPA accumulation and DOPAC concentrations in the zona incerta, indicating a post-translational inhibition of dopamine synthesis and release. Treatment of ovariectomized rats with oestradiol benzoate followed by 100 mg L-DOPA i.p. to increase dopamine concentrations in the whole brain had no effect on glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA expression in the zona incerta, although it increased the glutamic acid decarboxylase:beta-actin mRNA ratio in other hypothalamic areas (that is, the medical preoptic area, ventromedial nucleus and arcuate nucleus). In conclusion, the steroids act to increase dopamine activity in different ways: oestrogen increases tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression and progesterone acts after translation to increase tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine release (as indicated by increases in DOPAC concentrations). This latter effect may be due to progesterone removing a tonic GABAergic inhibition from the dopaminergic system.  (+info)

The inhibitory effects of (gamma)-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on growth hormone secretion in the goldfish are modulated by sex steroids. (6/160)

Double-labelling studies at the electron microscopic level demonstrated that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-immunoreactive nerve endings are associated with growth-hormone-secreting cells in the proximal pars distalis of the goldfish pituitary gland, suggesting that GABA may be important for the control of growth hormone release in this species. An in vitro assay for GABA-transaminase activity demonstrated that the pituitary is a site for the metabolism of GABA to succinic acid. In vitro, GABA or the GABA antagonists bicuculline and saclofen did not affect the rate of growth hormone release from dispersed pituitary cells in static incubation. In contrast, intracerebroventricular injection of GABA reduced serum growth hormone levels within 30 min. During the seasonal gonadal cycle, intraperitoneal injection of GABA was without effect in sexually regressed goldfish, but caused a significant decrease in serum growth hormone levels in sexually recrudescent animals. Intraperitoneal implantation of solid silastic pellets containing oestradiol increased serum GH levels fivefold in sexually regressed and recrudescent goldfish; in both groups, GABA suppressed the oestradiol-stimulated increase in circulating growth hormone levels. The effect of oestradiol on basal serum growth hormone levels was specific since progesterone and testosterone were without effect. However, in recrudescent animals treated with progesterone and testosterone, the inhibitory effects of GABA on serum growth hormone levels were absent, indicating a differential role for these steroids in growth hormone release. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GABA has an inhibitory effect on growth hormone release in goldfish.  (+info)

Recovery of visual field constriction following discontinuation of vigabatrin. (7/160)

Epilepsy patients treated with vigabatrin may develop symptomatic or asymptomatic concentric visual field constriction due to GABA-associated retinal dysfunction. The prevalence and course of this side effect are not established yet; in previously reported adult patients the visual disturbances seem to be irreversible. We present two patients with a significant improvement of visual field constriction and retinal function after the discontinuation of vigabatrin. These findings suggest that vigabatrin-associated retinal changes are at least partly reversible in some patients, and that these patients may benefit significantly from a withdrawal of vigabatrin. Larger scale clinical studies are needed to identify predictive factors both for the occurrence and reversibility of vigabatrin-associated visual field defects.  (+info)

Increased mesolimbic GABA concentration blocks heroin self-administration in the rat. (8/160)

Opiate reinforcement has been hypothesized to be mediated by an inhibition of mesolimbic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release that subsequently disinhibits ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons. In support of this hypothesis, this study demonstrates that when administered directly into the lateral ventricle, the VTA, or the ventral pallidum, but not the nucleus accumbens, gamma-vinyl-GABA (GVG, an irreversible GABA-transaminase inhibitor, 20-50 microg) dose dependently blocked heroin (0.06 mg/kg) self-administration (SA), as assessed by an increase in heroin SA at low doses of GVG and an initial increase followed 1 to 2 h later by a blockade of heroin SA at higher GVG doses. This effect lasted 3 to 5 days. In drug-naive rats, intra-VTA GVG pretreatment also prevented or delayed acquisition of heroin SA for 2 days. This GVG effect was prevented or reversed by systemic or intra-VTA pretreatment with the GABA(B) antagonist 2-hydroxysaclofen, but not the GABA(A) antagonist bicuculline. Similarly, coadministration of heroin with aminooxy-acetic acid (1-4 mg/kg) or ethanolamine-O-sulfate (50-100 mg/kg), two reversible GABA transaminase inhibitors, dose dependently reduced heroin reinforcement. Coadministration of (+/-)-nipecotic acid (0.1-5 mg/kg) with heroin, or intra-VTA or -ventral pallidum pretreatment with (+/-)-nipecotic acid (10 microg) or NO-711 (2 microg), two GABA uptake inhibitors, significantly increased heroin SA behavior, an effect also blocked by systemic 2-hydroxysaclofen, but not bicuculline. Taken together, these experiments, for the first time, demonstrate that pharmacological elevation of mesolimbic GABA concentration blocks heroin reinforcement by activating GABA(B) receptors, supporting the GABAergic hypothesis of opiate reinforcement and the incorporation of GABA agents in opiate abuse treatment.  (+info)

GFIT result for T00913GFIT result for T00913
tr:Q7UCQ0_SHIFL] gabT1; 4-aminobutyrate transaminase,4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase PuuE,4-aminobutyrate transaminase,4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and related aminotransferases,4-aminobutyrate transaminase,Aminotransferase class-III; K00823 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.19] ...
GFIT result for T02256GFIT result for T02256
gabT1; 4-aminobutyrate transaminase,4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase PuuE,4-aminobutyrate transaminase,4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and related aminotransferases,4-aminobutyrate transaminase,Aminotransferase class-III; K00823 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.19] ...
GABA-T - Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and GABA Transaminase | AcronymFinderGABA-T - Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and GABA Transaminase | AcronymFinder
How is Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and GABA Transaminase abbreviated? GABA-T stands for Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and GABA Transaminase. GABA-T is defined as Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and GABA Transaminase very rarely.
gabT - 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase - Mycobacterium bovis (strain ATCC BAA-935 / AF2122/97) - gabT gene & proteingabT - 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase - Mycobacterium bovis (strain ATCC BAA-935 / AF2122/97) - gabT gene & protein
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
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Alfa Aesar™ tert-Butyl (S)-2-aminobutyrate hydrochloride, 95% 25g Alfa Aesar™ tert-Butyl (S)-2-aminobutyrate hydrochloride, 95% T1 to Tetradeca...
Sequence Similarity Search - BLASTSequence Similarity Search - BLAST
cqu:CpipJ_CPIJ008729 K13524 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase / (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22] , (RefSeq) 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial (A) MIDGLRNLLSALVNRPALGVFPGEDWPAKLQNVLMSVAPTGLDHVTTMMCGSCSNENAFK NIFIWYQSQLRGKAPFSEKEIASSMVNQAPGAPKLSILSFHGAFHGRTLGCLSTTHSKYI HKIDIPSFDWPIASFPKYRYPLEENVRENAQEDARCLAEVEGLIEAYAKKGIPVAGIIVE PIQSEGGDNEASPEFFQNLQKIAKRHGSALLIDEVQTGGGPTGKLWCHEHFNLDSPPDVV TFSKKMQLGGYYHAAHMKPAQPYRVFNTWMGDPGKLLLLESILKVIKQESLLKNVEKTGA KLKAGLLQAQNEFPTLLNSARGRGTFLAINCASTKLRDDIVAALKQKGVLSGGCGEISIR FRPALIFQERHVDIFLDKFRQVLKELK ...
Sequence Similarity Search - BLASTSequence Similarity Search - BLAST
sud:ST398NM01_2652 K00823 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.19] , (GenBank) 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (A) MDSIHNDMTVFSRDIKSNVVIDVGKVIIRIRSVNGRGMYMSKAHQLIQEDEHYFAKSGRI KYYPLVIDHGYGATLVDIEGKTYIDLLSSASSQNVGHAPREVTEAIKAQVDKFIHYTPAY MYHESLVRLAKKLCEIAPGDFEKRVTFGLTGSDANDGIIKFARAYTGRPYIISFTNAYHG STFGSLSMSAISLNMRKHYGPLLNGFYHIPFPDKYRGMYEQPQANSVEEYLAPLKEMFAK YVPADEVACIVIETIQGDGGLLEPVPGYFEALEKICREHGILIAVDDIQQGFGRTGTWSS VSHFNFTPDLITFGKSLAGGMPMSAIVGRKEIMNCLEAPAHLFTTGANPVSCEAALATIQ MIEDQSLLQASAEKGEYVRKRMNQWVSKYNSVGDVRGKGLSIGIDIVSDKKLKTRDASAA LKICNYCFEHGVVIIAVAGNVLRFQPPLVITYEQLDTALNTIEDALTALEAGNLDQYDIS GQGW ...
GABA-T - What does GABA-T stand for? The Free DictionaryGABA-T - What does GABA-T stand for? The Free Dictionary
Looking for online definition of GABA-T or what GABA-T stands for? GABA-T is listed in the Worlds largest and most authoritative dictionary database of abbreviations and acronyms
RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View - 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase GabT - B2HN70 (B2HN70 MYCMM)RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View - 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase GabT - B2HN70 (B2HN70 MYCMM)
The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex assemblies. As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon standards. The RCSB PDB also provides a variety of tools and resources. Users can perform simple and advanced searches based on annotations relating to sequence, structure and function. These molecules are visualized, downloaded, and analyzed by users who range from students to specialized scientists.
Early Preclinical Work Leading to the Development of Gabapentin - Medicinal ChemistryEarly Preclinical Work Leading to the Development of Gabapentin - Medicinal Chemistry
Gabapentin was conceived as part of a drug discovery program to treat neurological diseases, including epilepsy, spasticity, multiple sclerosis, and other central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This program began in the early 1970s at the German company, Goedecke, A.G., in Freiburg, Germany, which was a part of Warner-Lambert (now incorporated into Pfizer). The history of this project included chemical attempts to inhibit g-amino-butyric acid (GABA) degradation in brain with compounds that inhibited the catalytic pyridoxylphosphate of GABA-transaminase. It had already been known for some time that GABA was a key inhibitory neurotransmitter, and that experimental chemical impairment of GABA systems could cause seizures in experimental animals. The GABA transaminase project at Goedecke had progressed a compound to phase I clinical trials, but these were halted because of safety concerns. The chemical matter developed within the GABA transaminase project had no direct relationship to the chemical ...
Anti-ABAT/GABA-T antibody (ab152134) | AbcamAnti-ABAT/GABA-T antibody (ab152134) | Abcam
Rabbit polyclonal ABAT/GABA-T antibody. Validated in WB, IHC, ICC/IF and tested in Mouse, Rat, Human. Cited in 1 publication(s). Immunogen corresponding to recombinant fragment.
EC 2.6.1.65EC 2.6.1.65
Accepted name: N6-acetyl-β-lysine transaminase. Reaction: 6-acetamido-3-aminohexanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = 6-acetamido-3-oxohexanoate + L-glutamate. Other name(s): ε-acetyl-β-lysine aminotransferase. Systematic name: 6-acetamido-3-aminohexanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Comments: A pyridoxal-phosphate protein.. Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 71768-10-0. References: 1. Bozler, G., Robertson, J.M., Ohsugi, M., Hensley, C. and Barker, H.A. Metabolism of L-β-lysine in a Pseudomonas: conversion of 6-N-acetyl-L-β-lysine to 3-keto-6-acetamidohexanoate and of 4-aminobutyrate to succinic semialdehyde by different transaminases. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 197 (1979) 226-235. [PMID: 44448]. ...
Plus itPlus it
The high frequency and poor prognosis of breast-to-brain metastasis (BBM) indicates the need for detailed studies of metastatic breast cancer cells, the brain microenvironment, and the interactions between the two that lead to breast cancer colonization and proliferation. Because neurotransmitters are a major component of the brain microenvironment, we examined fresh tissue and cells from recent surgical specimens of BBM to determine if they expressed CNS-specific neurotransmitter characteristics. We found that BBM cells expressed higher levels of the classical neurotransmitter receptors relative to primary breast cancer, and that, overall, they had a GABAergic phenotype similar to that of neuronal cells. Specifically, GABAAR, GAD67, GABA transporter, and GABA transaminase were highly expressed in BBM cells indicating that they utilize GABA. Moreover, we determined BBM cells exploit the GABA shunt in order to enhance energy production and proliferative potential in vitro. BBM cells also ...
Asam valproatAsam valproat
per hari • Hubungan pengobatan dengan umur Tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan pengobatan • Hubungan riwayat penyakit dengan obat Sejak umur 6 bulan pasien mengalami kejang dan sebelumnya pasien mendapat terapi depakene • Hubungan pengobatan dengan data klinik dan data laboratorium Tidak ada hubungan antara pengobatan dengan data klinik dan data laboratorium pasien, hanya dilihat dari anamnesa pasien yang mengalami kejang dan riwayat pengobatan pasien • Interaksi obat Tidak ada interaksi dengan obat lain yang digunakan dalam terapi • Efek samping Sakit kepala, pusing, mual, muntah, diare, dispepsia, lemah • Aturan pemakaian Diminum 3 x sehari • Lama penggunaan Digunakan selama pengobatan hingga kejang sembuh atau hilang • Harga obat Brandname • Mekanisme Asam valproat mengikat dan menghambat GABA transaminase. Aktivitas antikonvulsi obat tersebut mungkin berkaitan dengan konsentrasi otak yang meningkat dari gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), penghambat neurotransmitter di SSP. ...
endogenous benzodiazepinesendogenous benzodiazepines
In article 50734 at ucl.ac.uk, charles at anatomy.ucl.ac.uk (Charles King) writes: ,Since GABA is an amino acid, eating it is going to have no effect ,whatsoever, as itll just get used in building proteins in the ,rest of the body. what counts is what gets released into the synaptic ,cleft. , While GABA gets metabolised into glutamte by GABA transaminase, its been pointed out to me that I should have said that the real reason eating GABA has no effect is because it, like glutamte, doesnt cross the blood-brain barrier. --- Charles King charles at anat.ucl.ac.uk ...
EC 1.2.1.1 to 50EC 1.2.1.1 to 50
EC 1.2.1.19. Accepted name: aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase. Reaction: 4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+. For diagram click here.. Glossary: 4-aminobutanoate = γ-aminobutyrate = GABA. Other name(s): ABAL dehydrogenase; 4-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase; 4-aminobutanal dehydrogenase; γ-aminobutyraldehyde dehydroganase; 1-pyrroline dehydrogenase; ABALDH; YdcW; γ-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (ambiguous). Systematic name: 4-aminobutanal:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase. Comments: The enzyme from some species exhibits broad substrate specificity and has a marked preference for straight-chain aldehydes (up to 7 carbon atoms) as substrates [9]. The plant enzyme also acts on 4-guanidinobutanal (cf. EC 1.2.1.54 γ-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase). As 1-pyrroline and 4-aminobutanal are in equilibrium and can be interconverted spontaneously, 1-pyrroline may act as the starting substrate. The enzyme forms part of the arginine-catabolism pathway [8] and belongs in the ...
RCPA - Pathology TestsRCPA - Pathology Tests
A2M single QLD A2ML1 single QLD A2ML1 single QLD AAAS single QLD AAAS single QLD AARS single QLD AARS2 single QLD AARS2 single QLD AASS single QLD ABAT single QLD ABAT single QLD ABAT single QLD ABCA1 single QLD ABCA1 single QLD ABCA1 single QLD ABCA12 single QLD ABCA12 single QLD ABCA3 single QLD ABCA4 single QLD ABCA4 single QLD ABCB1 single QLD ABCB11 single QLD ABCB4 single QLD ABCB6 single QLD ABCB6 single QLD ABCB7 single QLD ABCC11 single QLD ABCC3 single QLD ABCC6 single QLD ABCC6 single QLD ABCC8 single QLD ABCC8 single QLD ABCC8 single QLD ABCC9 single QLD ABCC9 single QLD ABCC9 single QLD ABCD1 single QLD ABCD1 single QLD ABCD1 single QLD ABCD1 single QLD ABCD1 single QLD ABCD2 single QLD ABCD3 single QLD ABCD4 single QLD ABCD4 single QLD ABCG2 single QLD ABCG5 single QLD ABCG5 single QLD ABCG8 single QLD ABCG8 single QLD ABHD12 single QLD ABHD12 single QLD ABL1 single QLD ABL1 single QLD ABL1 single QLD ABL1 tyrosine kinase domain mutation analysis Single CHRISTCHURCH ABL2 single QLD ...
Fatty Acid SynthaseFatty Acid Synthase
Furthermore to key jobs in embryonic neurogenesis and myelinogenesis, -aminobutyric acidity (GABA) acts as the principal inhibitory mammalian neurotransmitter. amounts in the mind and liver, anticipated using a defect in mitophagy, and morphologically unusual mitochondria. Administration of rapamycin to these mice decreased mTOR Trametinib activity, decreased the raised mitochondrial amounts, and normalized aberrant antioxidant amounts. These outcomes confirm a book function for GABA in cell signaling and high light potential pathomechanisms and remedies in various individual pathologies, including SSADH insufficiency, and also other diseases seen as a elevated degrees of GABA. gene which encodes the SSADH enzyme, resulting in increased degrees of GABA and its own metabolite, GHB, in sufferers (Gibson and mutant from the GABA shunt pathway, partly inhibited pexophagy set alongside the WT, as proven by the hold off in degradation from the peroxisomal matrix proteins, Pot1, on the 12-h period ...
ABAT Antibody (PA5-43723)ABAT Antibody (PA5-43723)
Invitrogen Anti-ABAT Polyclonal, Catalog # PA5-43723. Tested in Western Blot (WB) applications. This antibody reacts with Bovine, Canine, Equine, Goat, Guinea Pig, Human, Mouse, Rabbit, Rat, Yeast, Zebrafish samples. Supplied as 100 µl purified antibody (0.5 mg/mL).
Aminobutyric Acids - Aminobutyric Acid Summary Report | CureHunterAminobutyric Acids - Aminobutyric Acid Summary Report | CureHunter
Aminobutyric Acids: Aliphatic four carbon acids substituted in any position(s) with amino group(s). They are found in most living things. The best known is GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID.
The Occurrence of 7-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)-Containing Cells in Cultures of Retinas from the Human Fetus - Semantic ScholarThe Occurrence of 7-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)-Containing Cells in Cultures of Retinas from the Human Fetus - Semantic Scholar
1. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactivity is demonstrated by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in a small population of retinal neurons cultured from human fetuses. 2. Positive staining was restricted to a few cells and could be observed as soon as the cells became attached to the substrate (within 5 hr). It is therefore concluded that the GABA-positive cells are determined prenatally. 3. The GABA-positive cells grow processes during development in culture and remain constant in numbers. These cells have a different morphology from either GFAP-positive cells or serotinin-accumulating cells. 4. It is suggested that the GABA-positive cells in culture are probably amacrine neurones. 5. Cultures of human retinal dissociates may therefore provide an alternative means of studying specific cell types should a constant supply of living human retinas be difficult to obtain. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactivity is demonstrated by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in a small
Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), γ-[2,3-3H(N)]-, Specific Activity: 70-100Ci (2.59-3.70TBq)/mMole, 1mCi (37MBq) | PerkinElmerAminobutyric Acid (GABA), γ-[2,3-3H(N)]-, Specific Activity: 70-100Ci (2.59-3.70TBq)/mMole, 1mCi (37MBq) | PerkinElmer
1 mCi quantities of Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), ?-[2,3-3H(N)]- , Specific Activity: 70-100Ci/mMole are available for your research. Application of [3H] GABA can be found in: effects of diazepam in pharmacology biochemistry/behavior, in vivo release in cat caudate nucleus in brain research, electrically evoked release from rat cerebral cortex in pharmacology, uptake by oligodendrocytes in autoradiographic and immunocytochemical studies, etc. ...
Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), γ-[2,3-3H(N)]-, Specific Activity: 70-100Ci (2.59-3.70TBq)/mMole, 250µCi (9.25MBq) | PerkinElmerAminobutyric Acid (GABA), γ-[2,3-3H(N)]-, Specific Activity: 70-100Ci (2.59-3.70TBq)/mMole, 250µCi (9.25MBq) | PerkinElmer
250 µCi quantities of Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), ?-[2,3-3H(N)]- , Specific Activity: 70-100Ci/mMole are available for your research. Application of [3H] GABA can be found in: effects of diazepam in pharmacology biochemistry/behavior, in vivo release in cat caudate nucleus in brain research, electrically evoked release from rat cerebral cortex in pharmacology, uptake by oligodendrocytes in autoradiographic and immunocytochemical studies, etc. ...
Plus itPlus it
GABA Release. Cerebral cortical neurons in culture were pre-loaded with [3H]GABA (1 μM, 0.1 μCi) for 30 min in the presence of 10 μM vigabatrin to irreversibly inactivate GABA-transaminase, thereby blocking GABA metabolism (Drejer et al., 1987; Gram et al., 1988). Individual cultures (35-mm Petri dishes) were subsequently placed in a superfusion apparatus (Drejer et al., 1987) at 37°C equipped with peristaltic pumps, and the cells were superfused at a flow rate of 2 ml/min. Fractions from the outlet were collected every 30 s, and at the end of the experiments, radioactivity was determined in all fractions. During the superfusion, either 200 μM nonradioactive GABA or 200 μM EF1502 was added to the superfusion medium for 2 min. Results were expressed as counts per minute per fraction collected. It should be noted that since the baseline of the GABA release during the entire superfusion period was constant no major loss of intracellular [3H]GABA occurred during this period.. Animals. Male ...
Search ResultsSearch Results
From GenBANK (gi:120777): GabD of E. coli catalyzes the reaction: succinate semialdehyde + NADP(+) + H2O = succinate + NADPH, involved in the 4-aminobutyrate (GABA) degradation pathway. GabD belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenases family ...
KAKEN - Researchers | ODA Susumu (90049156)KAKEN - Researchers | ODA Susumu (90049156)
Affiliation：International University of Health and Welfare,Professor,教授, Research Field：広領域,公衆衛生学,体育学,Public health/Health science, Keywords：高密度生活空間,Alcoholism,高周波音,脳波,環境音,精神鑑定,Cholecystokinin B receptor,GABA-Transaminase,GABA autoreceptor,Genetic risk factor, # of Research Projects：11, # of Research Products：0
Medizinische Fakultät Heidelberg: ArbeitsgebieteMedizinische Fakultät Heidelberg: Arbeitsgebiete
The complex organisation of central synapses offers multiple mechanisms for regulation and modulation of synaptic strength. We focus on inhibitory synapses in the mammalian CNS which use GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) as transmitter. The availability of GABA is regulated by its synthesis, degradation and after release-uptake. In situations of over-excitability, the GABA-synthetizing enzyme GAD is up-regulated while a decrease of neuronal activity leads to a down-regulation of GAD. Thus, cellular GABA content seems to be an activity-dependent, variable parameter. We propose that the presynaptic GABA metabolism is a true and autonomous mechanism of synaptic plasticity. We are presently testing this hypothesis using various electrophysiological, histological and biochemical techniques. ...
Medizinische Fakultät Heidelberg: ArbeitsgebieteMedizinische Fakultät Heidelberg: Arbeitsgebiete
The complex organisation of central synapses offers multiple mechanisms for regulation and modulation of synaptic strength. We focus on inhibitory synapses in the mammalian CNS which use GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) as transmitter. The availability of GABA is regulated by its synthesis, degradation and after release-uptake. In situations of over-excitability, the GABA-synthetizing enzyme GAD is up-regulated while a decrease of neuronal activity leads to a down-regulation of GAD. Thus, cellular GABA content seems to be an activity-dependent, variable parameter. We propose that the presynaptic GABA metabolism is a true and autonomous mechanism of synaptic plasticity. We are presently testing this hypothesis using various electrophysiological, histological and biochemical techniques. ...
GABAB ReceptorsGABAB Receptors
γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, signals through ionotropic (GABAA/C) and metabotropic (GABAB) receptor systems
Switch to Europe/Worldwide websiteSwitch to Europe/Worldwide website
GABA (?-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and interacts with three different receptors:…
L-Amino Acids-Shanghai Brightol International. Co.,LTdL-Amino Acids-Shanghai Brightol International. Co.,LTd
Name: 4-Aminobutyric acid. Synonyms:Piperidic acid; Piperidinic acid; GABA; gamma-Aminobutyric acid. Molecular Formula: C4H9NO2. Molecular Weight: 103.12. CAS Registry Number: 56-12-2. EINECS: 200-258-6. Water solubility: Soluble. ...
Medical Journal by Dr.Abat | Tendinopatia tratamiento (ENG)Medical Journal by Dr.Abat | Tendinopatia tratamiento (ENG)
In this article, we recommend to start with the less invasive ones, moving towards more invasive options in case the conservative treatment fails.
EMBL: CP000386.PE405EMBL: CP000386.PE405
CP000386.PE405 Location/Qualifiers FT CDS complement(443797..445194) FT /codon_start=1 FT /transl_table=11 FT /locus_tag="Rxyl_0412" FT /product="aminotransferase" FT /EC_number="2.6.1.-" FT /note="TIGRFAM: 2,4-diaminobutyrate 4-transaminase; PFAM: FT aminotransferase class-III; KEGG: ava:Ava_2839 FT diaminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase" FT /db_xref="EnsemblGenomes-Gn:Rxyl_0412" FT /db_xref="EnsemblGenomes-Tr:ABG03386" FT /db_xref="GOA:Q1AYZ2" FT /db_xref="InterPro:IPR004637" FT /db_xref="InterPro:IPR005814" FT /db_xref="InterPro:IPR015421" FT /db_xref="InterPro:IPR015422" FT /db_xref="InterPro:IPR015424" FT /db_xref="UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q1AYZ2" FT /protein_id="ABG03386.1" FT /translation="MREGENTLRAESTAAFRARKGLSEGLLERQAARESNARTYPRSIP FT IAVSRARGPYVWDADGRRYLDCLSGAGTLALGHNHPVVVEAIREVLDRGGPLHTLDLAT FT PVKDRFVEELFGSLPRRFAERARIHFCGPAGADAVEAAVKLAKTATGRETVLSFSGGYH FT GMTHGALSLTGKLAPKEPLAGLMPGVHFLPYPYGYRCPFGVGGEDGWRVGARYVERLLD FT DPESGVKRPAAMVLEVVQGEGGSIPAPDGWVREMRRITRERGIPLIVDEIQTGLGRTGT FT ...
Papers with the keyword Alzheimers AND EPPS | Read by QxMDPapers with the keyword Alzheimers AND EPPS | Read by QxMD
Alzheimers disease (AD) is characterized by the transition of amyloid-β (Aβ) monomers into toxic oligomers and plaques. Given that Aβ abnormality typically precedes the development of clinical symptoms, an agent capable of disaggregating existing Aβ aggregates may be advantageous. Here we report that a small molecule, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulphonic acid (EPPS), binds to Aβ aggregates and converts them into monomers. The oral administration of EPPS substantially reduces hippocampus-dependent behavioural deficits, brain Aβ oligomer and plaque deposits, glial γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release and brain inflammation in an Aβ-overexpressing, APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model when initiated after the development of severe AD-like phenotypes ...
Natural solutions to reduce stress and improve sleep | Homegrown Foods LtdNatural solutions to reduce stress and improve sleep | Homegrown Foods Ltd
Lead a better quality of life with these natural solutions to reduce your stress & give you better sleep. Results within 2 weeks using Cyracos to reduce GABA-T
The heterogeneity of serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase of certain mammalian species | SpringerLinkThe heterogeneity of serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase of certain mammalian species | SpringerLink
Es wird mit Hilfe der Elektrophorese nachgewiesen, dass Glutaminsäure-Oxalessigsäure-Transaminase im Gegensatz zu Glutaminsäure-Brenztraubensäure-Transaminase in zwei verschiedenen Fraktionen des...
Aminooxyacetic acid - WikipediaAminooxyacetic acid - Wikipedia
Aminooxyacetic acid, often abbreviated AOA or AOAA, is a compound that inhibits 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-T) activity in vitro and in vivo, leading to less gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) being broken down. Subsequently, the level of GABA is increased in tissues. At concentrations high enough to fully inhibit 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity, aminooxyacetic acid is indicated as a useful tool to study regional GABA turnover in rats. Aminooxyacetic acid is a general inhibitor of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes (this includes GABA-T). It functions as an inhibitor by attacking the Schiff base linkage between PLP and the enzyme, forming oxime type complexes. Aminooxyacetic acid inhibits aspartate aminotransferase, another PLP-dependent enzyme, which is an essential part of the malate-aspartate shuttle. The inhibition of the malate-aspartate shuttle prevents the reoxidation of cytosolic NADH by the mitochondria in nerve terminals. Also in the nerve terminals, ...
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency - WikipediaSuccinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency - Wikipedia
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD), also known as 4-hydroxybutyric aciduria or gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the degradation pathway of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid, or GABA. The disorder has been identified in approximately 350 families, with a significant proportion being consanguineous families. The first case was identified in 1981 and published in a Dutch clinical chemistry journal that highlighted a person with a number of neurological conditions such as delayed intellectual, motor, speech, and language as the most common manifestations. Later cases reported in the early 1990s began to show that hypotonia, hyporeflexia, seizures, and a nonprogressive ataxia were frequent clinical features as well. SSADH deficiency is caused by an enzyme deficiency in GABA degradation. Under normal conditions, SSADH works with the enzyme GABA transaminase to convert GABA to succinic acid. Succinic acid can then be ...
Chatham Strain Passport - StrainInfoChatham Strain Passport - StrainInfo
Moraxella catarrhalis aminobutyrate aminotransferase (goaG) and type III restriction-modification system methyltransferase (mod) genes, complete cds; and type III restriction-modification system restriction endonuclease (res) gene, partial ...
Di-n-propylessigsaure - Antimanic Agents, GABA Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Anticonvulsants, ATC:N03AG01Di-n-propylessigsaure - Antimanic Agents, GABA Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Anticonvulsants, ATC:N03AG01
Valproic Acid is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It is also used to treat migraine headaches and schizophrenia. In epileptics, valproic acid is used to control absence seizures, tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal), complex partial seizures, and the seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Valproic Acid is believed to affect the function of the neurotransmitter GABA (as a GABA transaminase inhibitor) in the human brain. Valproic Acid dissociates to the valproate ion in the gastrointestinal tract. Valproic acid has also been shown to be an inhibitor of an enzyme called histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). HDAC1 is needed for HIV to remain in infected cells. A study published in August 2005 revealed that patients treated with valproic acid in addition to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) showed a 75% reduction in latent HIV infection ...
Myproic Acid - Antimanic Agents, GABA Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Anticonvulsants, ATC:N03AG01Myproic Acid - Antimanic Agents, GABA Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Anticonvulsants, ATC:N03AG01
Valproic Acid is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It is also used to treat migraine headaches and schizophrenia. In epileptics, valproic acid is used to control absence seizures, tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal), complex partial seizures, and the seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Valproic Acid is believed to affect the function of the neurotransmitter GABA (as a GABA transaminase inhibitor) in the human brain. Valproic Acid dissociates to the valproate ion in the gastrointestinal tract. Valproic acid has also been shown to be an inhibitor of an enzyme called histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). HDAC1 is needed for HIV to remain in infected cells. A study published in August 2005 revealed that patients treated with valproic acid in addition to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) showed a 75% reduction in latent HIV infection ...
Brain Excitability in Patients With Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govBrain Excitability in Patients With Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Objective: To study cortical excitability, electroencephalography patterns, nerve conduction velocity, and sleep patterns, in succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive pediatric neurotransmitter disease associated with elevated levels of brain gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter. The clinical phenotype includes mental retardation, epilepsy, and neuropsychiatric manifestations.. Study Population: Patients with SSADH deficiency, parents of patients (who are obligate heterozygotes), and healthy volunteers.. Design: This is a natural history study in which subjects will have a series of neurophysiological tests. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique that allows for measures of cortical excitation and inhibition. Electroencephalography (EEG) measures baseline brain electrical activity. Nerve conduction studies measure the speed of conduction of impulses by peripheral nerves. Polysomnography ...
Production of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid and (S)-2-aminobutanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Microbial Cell Factories | Full TextProduction of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid and (S)-2-aminobutanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Microbial Cell Factories | Full Text
We show that expression of B. subtilis threonine deaminase, combined with expression of a mutated form of E. coli glutamate dehydrogenase leads to the production of 0.40 ± 0.02 mg/L of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid in shake flask-grown S. cerevisiae cells. The higher production in E. coli achieved by Zhang and co-workers [26] is perhaps due to the special properties of the E. coli strain employed, which can produce 8 g/L l-threonine from 30 g/L glucose. Nevertheless, we rationalize that yeast is indeed a superior production host for (S)-2-aminobutanol production, as it displays higher robustness and considerable tolerance against harsh fermentation conditions. Yeast is also more resistant towards exposure to (S)-2-aminobutanol (Additional file 1: Figure S4). Moreover, the fermentation of yeasts is easily implemented into existing ethanol productions plants, and there are no issues with phage contamination. S. cerevisiae is classified as GRAS ("generally regarded as safe") organism; thereby further ...
Z-L-2-aminobutyric acid - Creative PeptidesZ-L-2-aminobutyric acid - Creative Peptides
Creative Peptides offers Z-L-2-aminobutyric acid for your research. We also provide custom peptide synthesis, process development, GMP manufacturing.
D-3-Aminobutyric acid - Creative PeptidesD-3-Aminobutyric acid - Creative Peptides
Creative Peptides offers D-3-Aminobutyric acid for your research. We also provide custom peptide synthesis, process development, GMP manufacturing.
GHB TestingGHB Testing
GHB is thought to be extensively metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase and/or succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. Metabolic precursors to GHB, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4 butanediol are also readily available as substances of abuse. Endogenous GHB is also a produce to GABA metabolism, and concentrations of 0-6.6 mg/L have been reported. Oral doses of approximately 2.5 g (1 teaspoon of GHB powder) dissolved in water, produce urine GHB concentrations of 29 mg/L in a 100 kg man.. Studies also indicate peak urine GHB concentrations of 100 mg/L following a 100 mg/kg oral dose, and no detectable drug in the urine by 12 hours. Less than 5% of an oral dose is eliminated unchanged in urine. To distinguish between endogenous and exogenous GHB, a reporting cutoff of 10 µg/mL is suggested.. How do I collect the urine and send in a specimen? ...
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling in human pancreatic islets is altered in type 2 diabetes. | Lund University Diabetes...γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling in human pancreatic islets is altered in type 2 diabetes. | Lund University Diabetes...
RESULTS: The GABA signalling system was compromised in islets from type 2 diabetic individuals, where the expression of the genes encoding the α1, α2, β2 and β3 GABA(A) channel subunits was downregulated. GABA originating within the islets evoked tonic currents in the cells. The currents were enhanced by pentobarbital and inhibited by the GABA(A) receptor antagonist, SR95531. The effects of SR95531 on hormone release revealed that activation of GABA(A) channels (GABA(A) receptors) decreased both insulin and glucagon secretion. The GABA(B) receptor antagonist, CPG55845, increased insulin release in islets (16.7 mmol/l glucose) from normoglycaemic and type 2 diabetic individuals ...
Dymatize Gaba Gamma Aminobutyric Acid - The CAVE Nutrition StoreDymatize Gaba Gamma Aminobutyric Acid - The CAVE Nutrition Store
Known for quality and proven performance, Dymatize GABA is the choice of athletes and serious trainers worldwide. Dymatize GABA mixes easily and can be used by itself or blended into shakes or other beverages.. ...
dadA - D-amino acid dehydrogenase - Escherichia coli (strain K12) - dadA gene & proteindadA - D-amino acid dehydrogenase - Escherichia coli (strain K12) - dadA gene & protein
Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-amino acids. Has broad substrate specificity; is mostly active on D-alanine, and to a lesser extent, on several other D-amino acids such as D-methionine, D-serine and D-proline, but not on L-alanine. Participates in the utilization of L-alanine and D-alanine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy for growth. Is also able to oxidize D-amino acid analogs such as 3,4-dehydro-D-proline, D-2-aminobutyrate, D-norvaline, D-norleucine, cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline, and DL-ethionine.
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Fjalor Anglisht Shqip abat - abbot, ABAT, the ABAT, the Abbot abdikim - disclaimer, disavowal, disclamation, abdication, demise aborti - abortion is, abortion, the abortion, abortions, an abortion abrogim - the abolition, abolition absolutisht - utterly, absolutely, is absolutely absolutizëm - enlightened absolutism, of absolutism, absolutism absorboj - absorb, absorb the, offset the abstrakt - an abstract, abstract, the abstract absurd - ludicrous, nonsensical, absurdly, farcical acar - the frost, freezing cold, bleakness, frost acaroj - sharpen, chafe, nettle, fluster, peeve acid - acidic, the acid aciditet - of acidity, level of acidity, acidity, acidity of adapt - ADAPT adaptoj - adapt the, adopt, adapt, simple adapting aderim - accession by, adherence, accession, accession to aderoj - adhere adet - mode, habitude, manners, custom adhurim - worship, delight, adoration, deification, idolatry adhuroj - worship, adore, and worship, deify, bow adhuronjës - idolatrous adhurueshëm - adorable, ...
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
4-Aminobutyrate TransaminaseTransaminasesAminobutyratesIodobenzoatesAlanine TransaminaseAminocaproatesPyridoxamineKetoglutaric AcidsAspartate AminotransferasesSuccinate-Semialdehyde DehydrogenasePyridoxal PhosphateGABA Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsD-Alanine TransaminaseBrainSwinegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamatesOrganic Anion TransportersKineticsGlutamate DecarboxylaseEncyclopedias as Topictau ProteinsPhosphorylationProtein Kinase CMolecular Sequence DataSterol O-AcyltransferasePubMedPeriodicals as TopicOxaloacetic AcidMetagenomeBooksCaproatesStreptomycetaceaeStreptomycesStreptomyces coelicolorActinobacteriaAromatic-L-Amino-Acid DecarboxylasesLevodopaCarbidopaBenserazide5-HydroxytryptophanDopamineDopa DecarboxylaseSearch EngineInformation Storage and RetrievalBarth SyndromeTripterygiumMedication AdherenceInternetAntibodiesGoatsGuinea PigsAntibody SpecificityAntibodies, ViralAntibodies, Monoclonal
Glutamate decarboxylaseGlutamate decarboxylase
14 (4): 280-6. doi:10.1038/nsmb1228. PMID 17384644.. *^ a b c Battaglioli G, Liu H, Martin DL (August 2003). "Kinetic ... doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70039-4. PMID 21419704.. *^ Manto MU, Hampe CS, Rogemond V, Honnorat J (February 2011). "Respective ... doi:10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00114-4.. *^ Feldblum S, Erlander MG, Tobin AJ (April 1993). "Different distributions of GAD65 and ... Several truncated transcripts and polypeptides of GAD67 are detectable in the developing brain,[4] however their function, if ...
Tyrosine hydroxylaseTyrosine hydroxylase
ISBN 978-0-470-12316-4. PMID 8638482.. *^ a b c Nagatsu T (1995). "Tyrosine hydroxylase: human isoforms, structure and ... 4 (7): 578-85. doi:10.1038/nsb0797-578. PMID 9228951.. *^ Goodwill KE, Sabatier C, Stevens RC (Sep 1998). "Crystal structure of ... 14 (4): 455-67. doi:10.2174/092986707779941023. PMID 17305546.. *^ Thöny B, Auerbach G, Blau N (Apr 2000). "Tetrahydrobiopterin ... 26 (22): 6910-4. doi:10.1021/bi00396a007. PMID 2892528.. *. Le Bourdellès B, Boularand S, Boni C, Horellou P, Dumas S, Grima B ...
Glutamate decarboxylaseGlutamate decarboxylase
14 (4): 280-6. doi:10.1038/nsmb1228. PMID 17384644.. *^ Battaglioli G, Liu H, Martin DL (August 2003). "Kinetic differences ... doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70039-4. PMID 21419704.. *^ Manto MU, Hampe CS, Rogemond V, Honnorat J (February 2011). "Respective ... doi:10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00114-4.. *^ Feldblum S, Erlander MG, Tobin AJ (April 1993). "Different distributions of GAD65 and ... chromosomes 4 and 10 respectively).[1] [2] GAD67 and GAD65 are expressed in the brain where GABA is used as a neurotransmitter ...
ABATABAT
Rainesalo S, Saransaari P, Peltola J, Keränen T (Mar 2003). "Uptake of GABA and activity of GABA-transaminase in platelets from ... Jeremiah S, Povey S (Jul 1981). "The biochemical genetics of human gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase". Annals of Human ... Cohen BI (Dec 2001). "GABA-transaminase, the liver and infantile autism". Medical Hypotheses. 57 (6): 673-4. doi:10.1054/mehy. ... GABA-transaminase) deficiency". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 22 (4): 414-27. doi:10.1023/A:1005500122231. PMID ...
gamma-Aminobutyric acidgamma-Aminobutyric acid
GABA-transaminase inhibitors: gabaculine, phenelzine, valproate, vigabatrin, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis).[59] ... GABA transaminase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 4-aminobutanoic acid (GABA) and 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) into ... GABA-transaminase) deficiency. References[edit]. *^ Dawson RM, Elliot DC, Elliot WH, Jones KM, eds. (1959). Data for ... transaminase genes in plants or Pseudomonas syringae reduce bacterial virulence". Plant J. 64 (2): 318-30. doi:10.1111/j.1365- ...
Gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferaseGamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase
... may refer to: 4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase, an enzyme 4-aminobutyrate ... transaminase, an enzyme. ...
Rosmarinic acidRosmarinic acid
... is a potential anxiolytic as it acts as a GABA transaminase inhibitor, more specifically on 4-aminobutyrate ... using an in vitro measure of GABA transaminase activity. Awad R, Muhammad A, Durst T, Trudeau VL and Arnason JT, Phytother Res ... transaminase. Rosmarinic acid also inhibits the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase via its cyclooxygenase-inhibiting ... Thus, chemically, rosmarinic acid is an ester of caffeic acid with 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, but biologically, it is ...
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiencySuccinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Under normal conditions, SSADH works with the enzyme GABA transaminase to convert GABA to succinic acid. Succinic acid can then ... Vigabatrin is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminases which leads to decreased levels of GHB and elevation of GABA. ... 16 (4): 704-715. doi:10.1007/BF00711902. PMID 8412016.. *^ Pearl, P. L.; Gibson, K. M. (Apr 2004). "Clinical aspects of the ... Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD), also known as 4-hydroxybutyric aciduria or gamma-hydroxybutyric ...
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiencySuccinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Under normal conditions, SSADH works with the enzyme GABA transaminase to convert GABA to succinic acid. Succinic acid can then ... Vigabatrin is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminases which leads to decreased levels of GHB and elevation of GABA. ... Parviz, M.; Vogel, K.; Gibson, K.M.; Pearl, P.L. (2014). "Disorders of GABA Metabolism: SSADH and GABA-transaminase ... The absence of SSADH leads to a 30-fold increase of GHB and a 2-4 fold increase of GABA in the brains of patients with SSADH ...
Gamma-Aminobutyric acidGamma-Aminobutyric acid
GABA reuptake inhibitors: deramciclane, hyperforin, tiagabine.[citation needed] GABA-transaminase inhibitors: gabaculine, ... GABA-transaminase) deficiency Dawson RM, Elliot DC, Elliot WH, Jones KM, eds. (1959). Data for Biochemical Research. Oxford: ... transaminase genes in plants or Pseudomonas syringae reduce bacterial virulence". Plant J. 64 (2): 318-30. doi:10.1111/j.1365- ... GABA transaminase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 4-aminobutanoic acid (GABA) and 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) into ...
List of MeSH codes (D08)List of MeSH codes (D08)
... leucine transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.550 --- l-lysine 6-transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.700 --- ornithine-oxo- ... beta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.347 --- d-alanine transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.470 --- ... alanine transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.120 --- 2-aminoadipate transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.200 --- 4- ... aminobutyrate transaminase MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.225 --- aspartate aminotransferases MeSH D08.811.913.477.700.225.249 --- ...
POP2POP2
The Shadow and the Flame 4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase, an enzyme Pop 2 (mixtape), a 2017 mixtape by Charli XCX. ...
Aminobutyrate aminotransferaseAminobutyrate aminotransferase
... may refer to: 4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase, an enzyme 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, an ...
GABA transaminaseGABA transaminase
... glycine GABA transaminase is targeted by multiple antiepileptic and analgesic drugs referred to as GABA transaminase inhibitors ... A GABA transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes chemical reactions. There are two types of this enzyme: 4-aminobutyrate ... Sherif, Fathi M; Saleem Ahmed, S (1995). "Basic aspects of GABA-transaminase in neuropsychiatric disorders". Clinical ... transaminase, which catalyzes the chemical reaction: 4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ...
Gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminaseGamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminase
... may refer to: 4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase, an enzyme 4-aminobutyrate ... transaminase, an enzyme. ...
4-aminobutyrate transaminase4-aminobutyrate transaminase
Aurich, Harald (1961). "Über die β-Alanin-α-Ketoglutarat-Transaminase aus Neurospora crassa" [On the beta-alanine-alpha- ... Scott, E. M; Jakoby, W. B (1959). "Soluble γ-Aminobutyric-Glutamic Transaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens". The Journal of ... Gibson, K; Vogel, Kara; Parviz, Mahsa; Pearl, Phillip (2015). "Disorders of GABA metabolism: SSADH and GABA-transaminase ... This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups. The ...
N6-acetyl-beta-lysine transaminaseN6-acetyl-beta-lysine transaminase
In enzymology, a N6-acetyl-beta-lysine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.65) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 6-acetamido ... This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups. The ... conversion of 6-N-acetyl-L-beta-lysine to 3-keto-6-acetamidohexanoate and of 4-aminobutyrate to succinic semialdehyde by ... different transaminases". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 197 (1): 226-35. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(79)90240-6. PMID 44448. Molecular and ...
4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase
... pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.96, aminobutyrate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate ... aminobutyrate transaminase, GABA aminotransferase, GABA transaminase, GABA transferase, POP2 (gene)) is an enzyme with ... gamma-aminobutyric acid pyruvate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric transaminase, 4- ... and potential functions for an Arabidopsis γ-aminobutyrate transaminase that utilizes both pyruvate and glyoxylate". J. Exp. ...
Succinic semialdehydeSuccinic semialdehyde
It is formed from GABA by the action of GABA transaminase and further oxidised to become succinic acid, which enters TCA cycle ... Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry ...
GabaculineGabaculine
... a new potent inhibitor of gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase, on brain gamma-aminobutyrate content and convulsions in mice" (PDF ... Rando, Robert; Bangerter, F.W. (May 13, 1977). "The In Vivo Inhibition of GABA-transaminase by Gabaculine" (PDF). Biochemical ... gabaculine is extremely potent and toxic when compared to other GABA transaminase inhibitors, with an ED50 of 35 mg/kg and LD50 ... which acts as a potent and irreversible GABA transaminase inhibitor, and also a GABA reuptake inhibitor. Gabaculine is also ...
List of EC numbers (EC 2)List of EC numbers (EC 2)
... aspartate transaminase EC 2.6.1.2: alanine transaminase EC 2.6.1.3: cysteine transaminase EC 2.6.1.4: glycine transaminase EC ... neamine transaminase EC 2.6.1.94: 2'-deamino-2'-hydroxyneamine transaminase EC 2.6.1.95: neomycin C transaminase EC 2.6.1.96: 4 ... aminobutyrate---pyruvate transaminase EC 2.6.1.97: archaeosine synthase EC 2.6.1.98: UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-ribo-hexuluronate ... 6-trideoxyglucose transaminase EC 2.6.1.35: glycine-oxaloacetate transaminase EC 2.6.1.36: L-lysine 6-transaminase EC 2.6.1.37 ...
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)
... succinic semialdehyde transaminase gene (gabT) and characterization of the succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase gene (gabD)". J ... 2 H+ This enzyme participates in the degradation of glutamate and 4-aminobutyrate. Bartsch, K.; von Johnn-Marteville, A.; ...
Category:Protein pages needing a pictureCategory:Protein pages needing a picture
Alanine transaminase. *Alcohol dehydrogenase. *Aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase. *Aldehyde oxidase. *Aldehyde oxidase and ...
Aminooxyacetic acidAminooxyacetic acid
I. The inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid-alpha-ketoglutaric acid transaminase in vitro and in vivo by U-7524 (amino- ... Wolfgang Löscher; Dagmar Hönack; Martina Gramer (1989). "Use of Inhibitors of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Transaminase for the ... Aminooxyacetic acid, often abbreviated AOA or AOAA, is a compound that inhibits 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-T) ... At concentrations high enough to fully inhibit 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity, aminooxyacetic acid is indicated as a ...
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase
... may refer to: 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, an enzyme 4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase, ...
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
4-Aminobutyrate TransaminaseTransaminasesAminobutyratesIodobenzoatesAlanine TransaminaseAminocaproatesPyridoxamineKetoglutaric AcidsAspartate AminotransferasesSuccinate-Semialdehyde DehydrogenasePyridoxal PhosphateGABA Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsD-Alanine TransaminaseBrainSwinegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamatesOrganic Anion TransportersKineticsGlutamate DecarboxylaseEncyclopedias as Topictau ProteinsPhosphorylationProtein Kinase CMolecular Sequence DataSterol O-AcyltransferasePubMedPeriodicals as TopicOxaloacetic AcidMetagenomeBooksCaproatesStreptomycetaceaeStreptomycesStreptomyces coelicolorActinobacteriaAromatic-L-Amino-Acid DecarboxylasesLevodopaCarbidopaBenserazide5-HydroxytryptophanDopamineDopa DecarboxylaseSearch EngineInformation Storage and RetrievalBarth SyndromeTripterygiumMedication AdherenceInternetAntibodiesGoatsGuinea PigsAntibody SpecificityAntibodies, ViralAntibodies, Monoclonal
4-aminobutyrate transaminase - Wikipedia4-aminobutyrate transaminase - Wikipedia
Aurich, Harald (1961). "Über die β-Alanin-α-Ketoglutarat-Transaminase aus Neurospora crassa" [On the beta-alanine-alpha- ... Scott, E. M; Jakoby, W. B (1959). "Soluble γ-Aminobutyric-Glutamic Transaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens". The Journal of ... Gibson, K; Vogel, Kara; Parviz, Mahsa; Pearl, Phillip (2015). "Disorders of GABA metabolism: SSADH and GABA-transaminase ... This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups. The ...
en.wikipedia.org
4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase - Wikipedia4-aminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase - Wikipedia
... pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.96, aminobutyrate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate ... aminobutyrate transaminase, GABA aminotransferase, GABA transaminase, GABA transferase, POP2 (gene)) is an enzyme with ... gamma-aminobutyric acid pyruvate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric transaminase, 4- ... and potential functions for an Arabidopsis γ-aminobutyrate transaminase that utilizes both pyruvate and glyoxylate". J. Exp. ...
en.wikipedia.org
gabT - 4-aminobutyrate transaminase - Bacillus megaterium (strain ATCC 14581 / DSM 32 / JCM 2506 / NBRC 15308 / NCIMB 9376 /...gabT - 4-aminobutyrate transaminase - Bacillus megaterium (strain ATCC 14581 / DSM 32 / JCM 2506 / NBRC 15308 / NCIMB 9376 /...
tr,A0A0B6ASF7,A0A0B6ASF7_BACMB 4-aminobutyrate transaminase OS=Bacillus megaterium (strain ATCC 14581 / DSM 32 / JCM 2506 / ... 4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class="publication">Press W.H., ...
uniprot.org
4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency - Semantic Scholar4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency - Semantic Scholar
GABA-transaminase, GABA-T, EC 2.6.1.19) deficiency (McKusick 137150), an inborn error of GABA degradation, has until now been ... A neuron-glia interaction involving GABA Transaminase contributes to sleep loss in sleepless mutants. *W Chen, Sarah E. Maguire ... Identification of a Familial Mutation Associated with GABA-Transaminase Deficiency Disease. *Lali K. Medina-Kauwe, William L. ... Essential arginine residues at the pyridoxal phosphate binding site of brain gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransferase.. *Godfrey ...
semanticscholar.org
Glutamate decarboxylase - WikipediaGlutamate decarboxylase - Wikipedia
14 (4): 280-6. doi:10.1038/nsmb1228. PMID 17384644.. *^ a b c Battaglioli G, Liu H, Martin DL (August 2003). "Kinetic ... doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70039-4. PMID 21419704.. *^ Manto MU, Hampe CS, Rogemond V, Honnorat J (February 2011). "Respective ... doi:10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00114-4.. *^ Feldblum S, Erlander MG, Tobin AJ (April 1993). "Different distributions of GAD65 and ... Several truncated transcripts and polypeptides of GAD67 are detectable in the developing brain,[4] however their function, if ...
en.wikipedia.org
Tyrosine hydroxylase - WikipediaTyrosine hydroxylase - Wikipedia
ISBN 978-0-470-12316-4. PMID 8638482.. *^ a b c Nagatsu T (1995). "Tyrosine hydroxylase: human isoforms, structure and ... 4 (7): 578-85. doi:10.1038/nsb0797-578. PMID 9228951.. *^ Goodwill KE, Sabatier C, Stevens RC (Sep 1998). "Crystal structure of ... 14 (4): 455-67. doi:10.2174/092986707779941023. PMID 17305546.. *^ Thöny B, Auerbach G, Blau N (Apr 2000). "Tetrahydrobiopterin ... 26 (22): 6910-4. doi:10.1021/bi00396a007. PMID 2892528.. *. Le Bourdellès B, Boularand S, Boni C, Horellou P, Dumas S, Grima B ...
en.wikipedia.org
ABAT gene: MedlinePlus GeneticsABAT gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
GABA-transaminase deficiency. At least 10 mutations in the ABAT gene have been identified in people with GABA-transaminase ... The ABAT gene mutations that cause GABA-transaminase deficiency lead to a shortage (deficiency) of functional GABA-transaminase ... The ABAT gene provides instructions for making the GABA-transaminase enzyme. This enzyme helps break down a brain chemical ( ... Phenotype of GABA-transaminase deficiency. Neurology. 2017 May 16;88(20):1919-1924. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003936. Epub ...
medlineplus.gov
GABA-transaminase deficiency: MedlinePlus GeneticsGABA-transaminase deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics
gamma aminobutyrate transaminase deficiency. *gamma aminobutyric acid transaminase deficiency. *gamma-aminobutyrate ... GABA-transaminase deficiency is caused by mutations in the ABAT gene, which provides instructions for making the GABA- ... GABA-transaminase deficiency is a very rare disorder. Only a small number of affected individuals have been described in the ... Mutations in the ABAT gene lead to a shortage (deficiency) of functional GABA-transaminase enzyme. As a result, GABA is not ...
medlineplus.gov
MSMEG 2487 - 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase - Mycobacterium smegmatis (strain ATCC 700084 / mc(2)155) - MSMEG 2487 gene &...MSMEG 2487 - 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase - Mycobacterium smegmatis (strain ATCC 700084 / mc(2)155) - MSMEG 2487 gene &...
PIRSF000521. Transaminase_4ab_Lys_Orn. 2 hits. Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation ... 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferaseImported. ,p>Information which has been imported from another database using automatic ... tr,A0QV88,A0QV88_MYCS2 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase OS=Mycobacterium smegmatis (strain ATCC 700084 / mc(2)155) OX=246196 GN ... 4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class="publication">Press W.H., ...
uniprot.org
Optimization of culture conditions for gamma-aminobutyric acid production in fermented adzuki bean milk.Optimization of culture conditions for gamma-aminobutyric acid production in fermented adzuki bean milk.
4-aminobutyrate Transaminase. An enzyme that converts brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID) into succinate ... It is an irreversible inhibitor of 4-AMINOBUTYRATE TRANSAMINASE, the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of GAMMA- ...
bioportfolio.com
A novel acyl-CoA beta-transaminase characterized from a metagenome. - PubMed - NCBIA novel acyl-CoA beta-transaminase characterized from a metagenome. - PubMed - NCBI
Green: Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate transaminase. Red: 3-aminobutyryl-CoA transaminase. Orange: glutamate-1- ... A novel acyl-CoA beta-transaminase characterized from a metagenome.. Perret A1, Lechaplais C, Tricot S, Perchat N, Vergne C, ... Yellow: diaminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase. Pink: taurine-pyruvate aminotransferase. Blue: ornithine, acetylornithine ... Figure 4. Structure of the different NAC-thioesters and their corresponding products after β-transamination catalyzed by Kat in ...
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
UniProt/TrEMBL: A0A0B5ERQ5 STRA4UniProt/TrEMBL: A0A0B5ERQ5 STRA4
DR Pfam; PF00202; Aminotran_3; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF000521; Transaminase_4ab_Lys_Orn; 2. DR SUPFAM; SSF53383; SSF53383; 1. DR ... DE SubName: Full=4-aminobutyrate transaminase {ECO:0000313,EMBL:AJE81965.1}; GN ORFNames=SLNWT_1589 {ECO:0000313,EMBL: ... DR GO; GO:0003867; F:4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0030170; F:pyridoxal phosphate binding; IEA ...
genome.jp
UniProt/TrEMBL: O86823 STRCOUniProt/TrEMBL: O86823 STRCO
DR Pfam; PF00202; Aminotran_3; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF000521; Transaminase_4ab_Lys_Orn; 2. DR SUPFAM; SSF53383; SSF53383; 1. DR ... Ontology (3) GO (3) Gene (4) KEGG ORTHOLOGY (1) KEGG GENES (1) NCBI-Gene (2) Protein sequence (2) RefSeq(pep) (2) DNA sequence ... DR GO; GO:0003867; F:4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0030170; F:pyridoxal phosphate binding; IEA ... 1) EMBL (1) Protein domain (6) InterPro (4) Pfam (1) PROSITE (1) Literature (1) PubMed (1) All databases (17) Download RDF ...
genome.jp
MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1 MEDLINE - Resultado p gina 1
4-Aminobutirato Transaminase/metabolismo. Animais. Anticonvulsivantes/s ntese qu mica. Anticonvulsivantes/qu mica. Rela o Dose- ... 4-Aminobutirato Transaminase/antagonistas & inibidores. Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia. Desenho de Drogas. Inibidores Enzim ...
bases.bireme.br
Cholinesterase - wikidocCholinesterase - wikidoc
546-9. ISBN 978-0-7817-5745-4.. *↑ Miller RD (2005). Millers Anesthesia (6th ed.). Philadelphia, Penns.: Elsevier/Churchill ... 487-8. ISBN 978-0-443-06618-4.. *↑ Leuzinger W, Baker AL (Feb 1967). "Acetylcholinesterase, I. Large-scale purification, ...
wikidoc.org
Tyrosine hydroxylase - wikidocTyrosine hydroxylase - wikidoc
4 (7): 578-85. doi:10.1038/nsb0797-578. PMID 9228951.. *↑ Goodwill KE, Sabatier C, Stevens RC (Sep 1998). "Crystal structure of ... 14 (4): 455-67. doi:10.2174/092986707779941023. PMID 17305546.. *↑ Thöny B, Auerbach G, Blau N (Apr 2000). "Tetrahydrobiopterin ... 26 (22): 6910-4. doi:10.1021/bi00396a007. PMID 2892528.. *. Le Bourdellès B, Boularand S, Boni C, Horellou P, Dumas S, Grima B ... Tyrosine hydroxylase catalyzes the reaction in which L-tyrosine is hydroxylated in the meta position to obtain L-3,4- ...
wikidoc.org
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase - wikidocAromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase - wikidoc
4 (6): 545-51. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000559. PMID 10578236.. *↑ Lauritsen MB, Børglum AD, Betancur C, Philippe A, Kruse TA, ... Biosynthetic pathways for catecholamines and trace amines in the human brain[3][4][5] ...
wikidoc.org
Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (HMDB0001491)Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (HMDB0001491)
Transaminase involved in tyrosine breakdown. Converts tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. Can catalyze the reverse reaction, ... Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate ... using glutamic acid, with 2-oxoglutarate as cosubstrate (in vitro). Has much lower affinity and transaminase activity towards ... phosphate concentration and the erythrocyte aspartate transaminase stimulation test in lactating mothers and their infants. Am ...
hmdb.ca
Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (HMDB0006284)Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (HMDB0006284)
Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate ... L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid. Description. L-3-Amino-isobutanoic acid is a component of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis and ... 1. 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial. General function:. Involved in 4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity. ... Showing metabocard for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (HMDB0006284). IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical propertiesSpectra ...
hmdb.ca
Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (HMDB0006284)Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (HMDB0006284)
Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate ... L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Outside of the human body, L-2,4-diaminobutyric ... Showing metabocard for L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (HMDB0006284). Jump To Section: IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical ... L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid. Description. L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, also known as Dbu or alpha,gamma-diaminobutyrate, belongs to ...
hmdb.ca
KEGG T04825: A6J81 22935KEGG T04825: A6J81 22935
2.6.1.22 (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase. A6J81_22935. 2.6.1.48 5-aminovalerate transaminase. A6J81_22935. Amino ... 3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase / 5-aminovalerate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22 2.6.1.48]. ... 2.6.1 Transaminases. 2.6.1.19 4-aminobutyrate---2-oxoglutarate transaminase. A6J81_22935. ...
kegg.jp
KEGG SSDB Paralog Search Result: bpl:BURPS1106A A0396KEGG SSDB Paralog Search Result: bpl:BURPS1106A A0396
bpl:BURPS1106A_3101 beta-alanine--pyruvate transaminase K00822 442 550 ( -) 131 0.312 410 -, bpl:BURPS1106A_0412 ... bpl:BURPS1106A_2785 succinylornithine transaminase K00840 410 742 ( -) 175 0.365 417 -, bpl:BURPS1106A_0532 2,4-diaminobutyrate ... 4-aminobutyrate transaminase; K00823 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase. Update status:. T00480 (apre,bapi,bgg,bhan,bths,cchv,ceh ... bpl:BURPS1106A_A2215 2,4-diaminobutyrate 4-transaminase K00836 927 677 ( -) 160 0.340 406 -, bpl:BURPS1106A_A3154 ...
kegg.jp
TIGR00709TIGR00709
This family consists of L-diaminobutyric acid transaminases. This general designation covers both 2.6.1.76 (diaminobutyrate-2- ... pyruvate transaminase, which uses alanine as the amino donor). Most members with known function are 2.6.1.76, and at least some ... oxoglutarate transaminase, which uses glutamate as the amino donor in DABA biosynthesis), and 2.6.1.46 (diaminobutyrate-- ... also called GABA transaminase. These enzymes all are pyridoxal phosphate-containing class III aminotransferase. ...
jcvi.org
Why are Astrocytes Important? | SpringerLinkWhy are Astrocytes Important? | SpringerLink
Furthermore astrocytes are indispensible for glutamatergic and γ-aminobutyrate-ergic synaptic transmission being the supplier ... Immunochemical studies of brain glutamate decarboxylase and GABA-transaminase of six inbred strains of mice. Brain Res 68:133- ... Nagelhus EA, Ottersen OP (2013) Physiological roles of aquaporin-4 in brain. Physiol Rev 93:1543-1562PubMedCentralPubMedGoogle ... 4.. VanHarreveld A, Crowell J, Malhotra SK (1965) A study of extracellular space in central nervous tissue by freeze- ...
link.springer.com
ABAT Antibody (PA5-43723) ABAT Antibody (PA5-43723)
GABA transaminase; GABA transferase; GABA-AT; GABA-T; GABAT; Gamma-amino-N-butyrate transaminase; L-AIBAT; mitochondrial 4- ... aminobutyrate aminotransferase; NPD009 Gene Aliases: 9630038C02Rik; ABAT; AI255750; beta-AlaAT; BOS_22429; cb880; ... Protein Aliases: (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase; 4-aminobutyrate ... 3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase activity succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase binding metal ion binding iron-sulfur ...
thermofisher.com
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
4-Aminobutyrate TransaminaseTransaminasesAminobutyratesIodobenzoatesAlanine TransaminaseAminocaproatesPyridoxamineKetoglutaric AcidsAspartate AminotransferasesSuccinate-Semialdehyde DehydrogenasePyridoxal PhosphateGABA Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsD-Alanine TransaminaseBrainSwinegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamatesOrganic Anion TransportersKineticsGlutamate DecarboxylaseEncyclopedias as Topictau ProteinsPhosphorylationProtein Kinase CMolecular Sequence DataSterol O-AcyltransferasePubMedPeriodicals as TopicOxaloacetic AcidMetagenomeBooksCaproatesStreptomycetaceaeStreptomycesStreptomyces coelicolorActinobacteriaAromatic-L-Amino-Acid DecarboxylasesLevodopaCarbidopaBenserazide5-HydroxytryptophanDopamineDopa DecarboxylaseSearch EngineInformation Storage and RetrievalBarth SyndromeTripterygiumMedication AdherenceInternetAntibodiesGoatsGuinea PigsAntibody SpecificityAntibodies, ViralAntibodies, Monoclonal
1.19Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminaseGlutamateGeneEnzymesSuccinic semialdehydeMetabolismMolecularCharacterizationSuccinatePrecursorAminotransferasesAmino Acids20181999TransaminationGlutamine19952016
1.192
  • The recombinant glutamate:oxalacetate transaminase protein was used in immobilized form together with 4-aminobutyrate:2-ketoglutarate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.19) from E. coli for the production of L-phosphinothricin [L-homoalanin-4-yl-(methyl)phosphinic acid], the active ingredient of the herbicide Basta (AgrEvo GmbH), from its nonchiral 2-keto acid precursor 2-oxo-4-[(hydroxy)(methyl)phosphinoyl]butyric acid (PPO). (asm.org)
  • The enzyme was most active in the high-pH region, with a maximum at pH 8.0 to 9.5, and had a temperature optimum of 55 degrees C. Heat stability was observed up to 70 degrees C. Substrate specificity studies suggested that the enzyme is identical with the 4-aminobutyrate:2-ketoglutarate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.19). (asm.org)
Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase4
Glutamate2
Gene5
  • Stereospecific production of the herbicide phosphinothricin (glufosinate): purification of aspartate transaminase from Bacillus stearothermophilus, cloning of the corresponding gene, aspC, and application in a coupled transaminase process. (asm.org)
  • The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-Co A transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. (patents.com)
  • Finally, AA enzyme and gene expression were compared among the 4 TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) subtypes of GBMs. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The gene from the most promising candidate, C . violaceum ω -transaminase (CV-TA), was expressed in a strain lacking pyruvate decarboxylase activity, which thereby accumulate the co-substrate pyruvate during glucose assimilation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, higher reaction rates were achieved using a strain containing several copies of CV-TA gene, highlighting the necessity to also increase the intracellular transaminase level. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzymes1
Succinic semialdehyde1
Metabolism1
Molecular3
  • In mammals, GAD exists in two isoforms with molecular weights of 67 and 65 kDa (GAD 67 and GAD 65 ), which are encoded by two different genes on different chromosomes ( GAD1 and GAD2 genes, chromosomes 4 and 10 respectively). (wikipedia.org)
  • The transaminase has a molecular mass of 43 kilodaltons by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel analysis and an isoelectric point of 4.35. (asm.org)
  • [4] It does so using molecular oxygen (O 2 ), as well as iron (Fe 2+ ) and tetrahydrobiopterin as cofactors . (ipfs.io)
Characterization1
  • Stereospecific production of the herbicide phosphinothricin (glufosinate) by transamination: isolation and characterization of a phosphinothricin-specific transaminase from Escherichia coli. (asm.org)
Succinate1
Precursor2
Aminotransferases1
Amino Acids1
  • L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, also known as Dbu or alpha,gamma-diaminobutyrate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. (hmdb.ca)
20181
19991
Transamination2
  • Furthermore, the engineered yeast strain with highest transaminase activity was also shown to be operational as whole-cell catalyst for the production of ( S )-1-phenylethylamine via asymmetric transamination of acetophenone, albeit with very low conversion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In lieu of chemical catalysis, the use of ω -transaminase ( ω -TA) (E.C. 2.6.1.18) has emerged as a competitive alternative for bio-catalysed production of chiral amines, either via asymmetric transamination of ketones or via kinetic resolution of racemic amines. (biomedcentral.com)
Glutamine4
19951
20162