... dichlorobenzidine. It is closely related to Pigment Yellow 13, wherein the two phenyl groups are replaced by 2,4-xylyl. K. ... It is also classified as a diarylide pigment, being derived from 3,3'- ...

... dichlorobenzidine. K. Hunger. W. Herbst "Pigments, Organic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, ... This compound is then coupled to the bisdiazonium salt obtained from 3,3'- ...

... dichlorobenzidine, itself a precursor to many dyes and pesticides. Gerald Booth, "Nitro Compounds, Aromatic" in Ullmann's ... 3-nitrochlorobenzene. Alkylation and electrophilic aromatic substitution can occur at the chlorinated carbon center, and a ... Its derivative 2-chloroaniline is a precursor to 3,3'- ...

... dichlorobenzidine with ammonia with a copper catalyst at high temperature and pressure, followed by acidic workup. An alternate ... 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) is an organic compound with the formula (C6H3(NH2)2)2. This derivative of benzidine is a precursor ... In the crystal, the rings of each molecule are co-planar and the amine units connect molecules to form an intermolecular 3- ... US 3943175, Druin, Melvin L. & Oringer, Kenneth, "Synthesis of pure 3,3'-diaminobenzidine", issued 1976-03-09, assigned to ...

... dichlorobenzidine and derivatives of aniline, as well as ethylene oxide and formaldehyde. In the 1980s Stasik represented ... His research was focused on defining the carcinogenic potential of some aromatic amines, e.g. 3,3'- ...

... dichlorobenzidine, a carcinogen that is listed in the U.S. EPA's Toxics Release Inventory. 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine is ... 3. Edited by A. T. Peters & H. S. Freeman, Blackie Academic & Professional, Glasgow, 1995, xii + 245 pp. ISBN 0 7514 0209 5. ... Rodenburg, L. A.; Guo, J.; Du, S.; Cavallo, G. J., Evidence for Unique and Ubiquitous Environmental Sources of 3,3'- ... Dyes and Pigments 2002, 55, (2-3), 79-89. Savastano, D., The pigment report: although 2006 was a year of improvement, pigment ...

Dichlorobenzidine o-tolidine, 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-benzidine o-dianisidine (2,2'-dimethoxy-4,4'-benzidine, CAS# 119-90-4, m.p. ... These derivatives include, in order of scale, the following: 3,3'- ... 133 °C) 3,3',4,4'-Tetraaminodiphenyl, precursor to polybenzimidazole fiber. As with some other aromatic amines such as 2- ...

... dichlorobenzidine MeSH D02.455.426.559.389.185.475 --- losartan MeSH D02.455.426.559.389.185.600 --- niclofolan MeSH D02.455. ... 5-amino-3-((5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole MeSH D02.640.600.290 --- fanft MeSH D02.640.600.308 --- furagin MeSH ... 3-oxo-1,5-pentanediyl)bis(n,n-dimethyl-n-2-propenyl-), dibromide MeSH D02.092.146.325 --- p-dimethylaminoazobenzene MeSH ... vitamin k 3 MeSH D02.455.849.291.850 --- taxoids MeSH D02.455.849.291.850.777 --- paclitaxel MeSH D02.455.849.365 --- dolichol ...

Dichlorobenzidine - Compound Summary, PubChem. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0191". National Institute for ... Dichlorobenzidine is an organic compound with the formula (C6H3Cl(NH2))2. The pure compound is pale yellow, but commercial ... Dichlorobenzidine is prepared in two steps from 2-nitrochlorobenzene. The first step involves reduction with zinc in base to ... Dichlorobenzidine is considered a carcinogen. This compound has been shown to increase the incidence of tumors in animals. ...

a b Dichlorobenzidine - Compound Summary, PubChem. *^ a b c d e "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0191". National ... o,o'-Dichlorobenzidine. 3,3'-Dichlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diamine. 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-biphenyldiamine. 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'- ... Dichlorobenzidine is an organic compound with the formula (C6H3Cl(NH2))2. The pure compound is pale yellow, but commercial ... Dichlorobenzidine is considered a carcinogen.[1] This compound has been shown to increase the incidence of tumors in animals.[5 ...

A variety of medical issues can result from tattooing. Because it requires breaking the skin barrier, tattooing may carry health risks, including infection and allergic reactions. Modern tattooists reduce such risks by following universal precautions, working with single-use items, and sterilising their equipment after each use. Many jurisdictions require that tattooists have bloodborne pathogen training, such as is provided through the Red Cross and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Dermatologists have observed rare but severe medical complications from tattoo pigments in the body, and have noted that people acquiring tattoos rarely assess health risks prior to receiving their tattoos. Some medical practitioners have recommended greater regulation of pigments used in tattoo ink. The wide range of pigments currently used in tattoo inks may create unforeseen health problems. Since tattoo instruments come in contact with blood and bodily fluids, diseases may be transmitted if ...

... (especially potassium carbonate) has been used in bleaching textiles, making glass, and making soap, since about AD 500. Potash was principally obtained by leaching the ashes of land and sea plants. Beginning in the 14th century potash was mined in Ethiopia. One of the world's largest deposits, 140 to 150 million tons, is located in the Tigray's Dallol area.[16] Potash was one of the most important industrial chemicals. It was refined from the ashes of broadleaved trees and produced primarily in the forested areas of Europe, Russia, and North America. The first U.S. patent of any kind was issued in 1790 to Samuel Hopkins for an improvement "in the making of Pot ash and Pearl ash by a new Apparatus and Process".[17] Pearl ash was a purer quality made by calcination of potash in a reverberatory furnace or kiln. Potash pits were once used in England to produce potash that was used in making soap for the preparation of wool for yarn production. As early as 1767, potash from wood ashes was ...

The upper critical solution temperature (UCST) or upper consolute temperature is the critical temperature above which the components of a mixture are miscible in all proportions. The word upper indicates that the UCST is an upper bound to a temperature range of partial miscibility, or miscibility for certain compositions only. For example, hexane-nitrobenzene mixtures have a UCST of 19 °C, so that these two substances are miscible in all proportions above 19 °C but not at lower temperatures. Examples at higher temperatures are the aniline-water system at 168 °C (at pressures high enough for liquid water to exist at that temperature), and the lead-zinc system at 798 °C (a temperature where both metals are liquid). A solid state example is the palladium-hydrogen system which has a solid solution phase (H2 in Pd) in equilibrium with a hydride phase (PdHn) below the UCST at 300 °C. Above this temperature there is a single solid solution phase. In the phase diagram of the mixture components, the ...

The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) or lower consolute temperature is the critical temperature below which the components of a mixture are miscible for all compositions. The word lower indicates that the LCST is a lower bound to a temperature interval of partial miscibility, or miscibility for certain compositions only. The phase behavior of polymer solutions is an important property involved in the development and design of most polymer-related processes. Partially miscible polymer solutions often exhibit two solubility boundaries, the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which both depend on the molar mass and the pressure. At temperatures below LCST, the system is completely miscible in all proportions, whereas above LCST partial liquid miscibility occurs. In the phase diagram of the mixture components, the LCST is the shared minimum of the concave up spinodal and binodal (or coexistence) curves. It is in general pressure ...

Because of the toxins in its body that come from consuming algae, the California sea hare has very few predators. Among these, however, is the giant green anemone, which reportedly takes them in large numbers; however, the anemone will capture a sea hare and then proceed to digest only 67-85% of it before regurgitating the remains. This is because the anemone consumes only enough of the sea hare to expose the sea hare's digestive gland and its associated toxins. Once this gland has been exposed, it causes the anemone to reject all of the remaining undigested animal, including parts it would otherwise have taken in as food.[5] Other predators include starfish, lobsters,[6] and the ophistobranch Navanax inermis which will take juveniles.[7] When it is considerably disturbed, the sea hare is capable of releasing two different kinds of ink from different locations within its mantle cavity, much in the way an octopus does. One ink is reddish-purple and comes from what is called the purple ink gland, ...

... is the primary component of potash and the more refined pearl ash or salts of tartar. Historically, pearl ash was created by baking potash in a kiln to remove impurities. The fine, white powder remaining was the pearl ash. The first patent issued by the US Patent Office was awarded to Samuel Hopkins in 1790 for an improved method of making potash and pearl ash. In late 18th century North America, before the development of baking powder, pearl ash was used as a leavening agent for quick breads.[3][4]. ...

Gel electrophoresis is the most commonly used technique to study DNA. DNA is a very large molecule that contains genetic information. DNA can be broken down to smaller pieces of different sizes and these pieces are then separated using gel electrophoresis. DNA always has a negative charge, and moves towards the anode. Proteins are large and complex molecules made of amino acids. Proteins can be studied by gel electrophoresis in two ways. One way is to take a mixture of proteins and separate them in the gel. The other way is to break down a single protein into smaller pieces. The smaller pieces can then be separated in the gel. Proteins can be positively or negatively charged. To separate proteins by size only, protein mixtures can be coated with a chemical called sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to give all proteins a negative charge before putting the mixture into the gel. ...

Aluminum magnesium boride or BAM is a chemical compound of aluminium, magnesium and boron. Whereas its nominal formula is AlMgB14, the chemical composition is closer to Al0.75Mg0.75B14. It is a ceramic alloy that is highly resistive to wear and has a low coefficient of sliding friction, reaching a record value of 0.02 in lubricated AlMgB14−TiB2 composites. First reported in 1970, BAM has an orthorhombic structure with four icosahedral B12 units per unit cell. This ultrahard material has a coefficient of thermal expansion comparable to that of other widely used materials such as steel and concrete. BAM powders are produced by heating a nearly stoichiometric mixture of boron, aluminium and magnesium for a few hours at a temperature in the range 900-1500 °C. Spurious phases are then dissolved in hot hydrochloric acid. To ease the reaction and make the product more homogeneous, the starting mixture can be processed in a high-energy ball mill. All pretreatments are carried out in a dry, inert ...

The thermal cycler (also known as a thermocycler, PCR machine or DNA amplifier) is a laboratory apparatus most commonly used to amplify segments of DNA via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thermal cyclers may also be used in laboratories to facilitate other temperature-sensitive reactions, including restriction enzyme digestion or rapid diagnostics. The device has a thermal block with holes where tubes holding the reaction mixtures can be inserted. The cycler then raises and lowers the temperature of the block in discrete, pre-programmed steps. The earliest thermal cyclers were designed for use with the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I. Since this enzyme is destroyed during each heating step of the amplification process, new enzyme had to be added every cycle. This led to a cumbersome machine based on an automated pipettor, with open reaction tubes. Later, the PCR process was adapted to the use of thermostable DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus, which greatly simplified the design of ...

... is a comarca (county) in the center of Catalonia, Spain. It includes a subcomarca, Lluçanès. Industries include the mining of potash at Súria and Sallent, and the manufacture of textiles along the rivers Llobregat and Cardener. Agriculture includes vineyards, cereals, and olive groves. To the north are Berguedà and (running clockwise) Osona, Moianès, and Vallès Occidental. To the south are Baix Llobregat, l'Anoia and el Solsonès. In May 2015, Bages lost five municipalities - Calders, L'Estany, Moià, Monistrol de Calders, Santa Maria d'Oló - to the new comarca of Moianès. "El Parlament aprova la llei de creació del Moianès amb els vots en contra de Ciutadans i l'abstenció del PP" (in Catalan). La Vanguardia. 2015-04-15. Retrieved 2015-04-15. "El municipi en xifres". Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya. Retrieved 2015-05-25. Official comarcal web site, in Catalan Information on Bages from the Generalitat de Catalunya (government of Catalonia), in Catalan Coordinates: ...

In general, polymeric mixtures are far less miscible than mixtures of small molecule materials. This effect results from the fact that the driving force for mixing is usually entropy, not interaction energy. In other words, miscible materials usually form a solution not because their interaction with each other is more favorable than their self-interaction, but because of an increase in entropy and hence free energy associated with increasing the amount of volume available to each component. This increase in entropy scales with the number of particles (or moles) being mixed. Since polymeric molecules are much larger and hence generally have much higher specific volumes than small molecules, the number of molecules involved in a polymeric mixture is far smaller than the number in a small molecule mixture of equal volume. The energetics of mixing, on the other hand, is comparable on a per volume basis for polymeric and small molecule mixtures. This tends to increase the free energy of mixing for ...

In general, polymeric mixtures are far less miscible than mixtures of small molecule materials. This effect results from the fact that the driving force for mixing is usually entropy, not interaction energy. In other words, miscible materials usually form a solution not because their interaction with each other is more favorable than their self-interaction, but because of an increase in entropy and hence free energy associated with increasing the amount of volume available to each component. This increase in entropy scales with the number of particles (or moles) being mixed. Since polymeric molecules are much larger and hence generally have much higher specific volumes than small molecules, the number of molecules involved in a polymeric mixture is far smaller than the number in a small molecule mixture of equal volume. The energetics of mixing, on the other hand, is comparable on a per volume basis for polymeric and small molecule mixtures. This tends to increase the free energy of mixing for ...

... (PRS) is an enhancement of the inertial reference system and attitude and heading reference system designed to provide position angles measurements which are stable in time and does not suffer by long term drift caused by the sensors imperfections. The measurement system uses behavior of the International Standard Atmosphere where atmospheric pressure descends with increasing altitude and two pairs of measurement units. Each pair measures pressure at two different positions that are mechanically connected with known distance between units, e.g. the units are mounted at the tips of the wing. In the horizontal flight, there is no pressure difference measured by the measurement system which means the position angle is zero. In case the airplane turns the tips of the wing mutually changes their position, one is going up and the second one is going down, and the pressure sensors in every unit measure different values which are translated into a position angle. The strapdown ...