2000 twin study. Medical search

Heritability of the Carabelli cusp in twins. (springer.com)
For example, by modelling phenotypic covariance in identical and fraternal twins and assuming equal sharing of the rearing environment, the classical twin design is able to decompose observed phenotype variation in twins into genetic (additive, dominant) and environmental (common and unique) components, enabling estimation of the genetic contribution to phenotype development or diseases (heritability) without knowledge of the individual genotypes. (biologists.org)
Bornovalova MA, Hicks BM, Iacono WG and McGue M (2009) Stability, change, and heritability of borderline personality disorder traits from adolescence to adulthood: a longitudinal twin study. (els.net)
However, although genetic effects on morphology of specific GM areas in the brain have been studied, the heritability of focal WM is unknown. (jneurosci.org)
The aim of this study was to estimate heritability of bone density in premenopausal women, prepubertal male, and prepubertal female child pairs. (wiley.com)
(3-15) Concerns have been raised that the classic twin model may overestimate heritability because of gene-environment interaction, (3) and this is supported by family studies generally showing lower estimates than twin studies. (wiley.com)
Heritability of changes in brain volume over time in twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia. (nih.gov)
To assess the heritability of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and relative anterior chamber depth (ACD/axial length, rACD) in Chinese in a classic twin study. (arvojournals.org)
Several recent studies have estimated DNA methylation twin heritability (Box 1), and the contribution of environmental effects to variation in DNA methylation at individual CpG sites across the genome. (biomedcentral.com)
They reported a low overall rate of DNA methylation heritability in CD4 + lymphocytes in 49 monozygotic and 40 dizygotic twin pairs using extensive bisulfite sequencing of the MHC region. (biomedcentral.com)
Twin studies estimate the narrow sense heritability ( h 2 ), which is the proportion of the total locus-specific DNA methylation variance in the population that is attributed to additive genetic effects. (biomedcentral.com)
But Cyril Burt thought he had solved that problem when he estimated the heritability of intelligence from IQ correlations in pairs of twins. (councilforresponsiblegenetics.org)
Since then, results of a number of twin studies of cognitive ability have suggested a sizeable heritability of between 0.5-0.8, meaning that 50-80% of the variance in cognitive ability is genetic in origin. (councilforresponsiblegenetics.org)
Genetic influences on F cells and other hematologic variables: a twin heritability study. (semanticscholar.org)
The heritability and genetic correlates of mobile phone use: a twin study of consumer behavior. (edu.au)
In one of the earliest studies on myopia heritability, Karlsson identified that 94 per cent of the identical twins who participated had similar myopic refractive power compared to 29 per cent in non-identical twins. (mivision.com.au)
3 Verifying this work, larger studies estimated the heritability of refraction from 50 per cent to 91 per cent and myopia inheritance between 11 per cent to 98 per cent. (mivision.com.au)
In these studies, heritability can be estimated from degree of resemblance between siblings, parent-child, second, and third-degree relatives. (mivision.com.au)
The estimated heritability of refractive error in siblings over 70 years was 61 per cent in the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study (SEES) in Maryland and on average, odds of having myopia was 2.72 times higher in siblings of myopic individuals than in siblings of nonmyopic participants. (mivision.com.au)

1999). A family history study of male sexual orientation using three independent samples. (springer.com)
MDMA (Ecstasy) use between 1999 and 2000 increased by almost 25 percent to 6.4 million persons (National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000). (encyclopedia.com)

Although there can be critical flaws in the assumptions ( Rijsdijk and Sham, 2002 ), the classical twin method has made a remarkable contribution to the literature on human genetics in the past century, especially in the last few decades. (biologists.org)
A fourth wave of data collection was conducted in 2000-2002 and described in Kaprio J. Twin Research and Human Genetics 2006. (helsinki.fi)

Probanwise concordance was calculated to describe the likelihood that any given individual had LCPD if their co-twin was also diagnosed. (aappublications.org)
The overall probandwise concordance was 0.09 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01-0.18): 0.00 for the monozygotic, 0.08 (95% CI: 0.00-0.18) for the dizygotic, and 0.18 (95% CI: 0.00-0.40) for the UZ twin pairs. (aappublications.org)
Identical twins have a higher concordance for drinking behavior and possibly alcoholism than fraternal twins. (medscape.com)
The estimation of probandwise concordance in twins: The effect of unequal ascertainment. (springer.com)
Genetic factors are also implicated in leiomyoma formation: First-degree relatives of affected women have a 2.5-fold greater risk of developing the condition than the population average 5 and the concordance among monozygotic twins is almost twice that of dizygotic twins 6 . (nature.com)
7 suggests that DSM-IV combined type ADHD may be a genetically homogeneous subgroup, since this subtype fell within a single empirically derived latent class that showed high levels of subtype concordance in their data set of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. (nature.com)
Twin concordance for congenital and adult-onset psychosis: a preliminary study of the validity of a novel classification of schizophrenia. (nih.gov)
Concordance measures express the similarity of twins for dichotomous traits such as the presence or absence of a disease. (els.net)

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Japanese women found variants at three loci that associate with uterine leiomyoma, at 22q13.1 ( TNRC6B ), 11p15.5 ( BET1L ), and 10q24.33 ( OBFC1 ) 7 . (nature.com)
Genome-wide association study for refractive astigmatism reveals genetic co-determination with spherical equivalent refractive error: the CREAM consortium. (edu.au)
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Loci Affecting Blood Copper, Selenium and Zinc. (edu.au)
A genome-wide association study for reading and language abilities in two population cohorts. (edu.au)
Genome-wide association study of a quantitative disordered gambling trait. (edu.au)
A genome-wide association study identifies five Loci influencing facial morphology in europeans. (edu.au)

ABSTRACT: The genetic profile of Palestinians has, for the first time, been studied by using human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene variability and haplotypes. (yahoo.com)

Over 90 % of invited twins and their families participated in the follow-up study, in which last questionnaires were sent in 1998. (helsinki.fi)

Alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and early coronary calcification: findings from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. (medscape.com)
These findings are important because decreased HRV is a heart disease risk factor," says Emory Heart Center cardiologist Viola Vaccarino MD, Ph.D., lead author of the study. (innovations-report.com)
findings in twins can be extended toward the general singleton population. (jneurosci.org)
Different findings have been reported for neonatal and maternal outcomes, and these variations may be a result of differences in the studied populations and/or in the management of twin pregnancy. (who.int)
Given these varying findings, we aimed to compare maternal, perinatal and obstetric outcomes in dichorionic twin pregnancies conceived spontaneously and through assisted reproductive technology in Erbil city, Kurdistan region, Iraq. (who.int)
Conclusions These findings suggest that prenatal programming of adult blood pressure occurs at least in female twins. (ahajournals.org)
These findings are consistent with the results of molecular genetic studies that have suggested differential modes of intergenerational transmission for SA and MA. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Studies that have looked at ethnic differences in BED have not found any significant findings. (eatingdisorderhope.com)

Genetics of cognition: outline of a collaborative twin study. (psu.edu)
Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics and in content fields, from biology to psychology. (wikipedia.org)
Twin studies are part of the broader methodology used in behavior genetics, which uses all data that are genetically informative - siblings studies, adoption studies, pedigree, etc. (wikipedia.org)
Since the final decades of the last century, twin studies have made a remarkable contribution to the genetics of human complex traits and diseases. (biologists.org)
So twin studies, and correlations between IQ test scores, became the dominant paradigm of human behavior genetics. (councilforresponsiblegenetics.org)
however, both twins having AD was the best predictor of rapid onset of AD after their first drink, suggesting genetics and environment are greater risk factors for this effect than CSA. (basisonline.org)
Various study methodologies have been used to determine the role of genetics in myopia. (mivision.com.au)
While segregation and linkage analysis are preferred in studies of high myopia, association studies are commonly used in investigations of low-to-moderate myopia genetics due to ease in data collection. (mivision.com.au)
Although the familial studies in high myopia and pathogenic (syndromic) myopia have provided our fundamental knowledge on genetics of myopia, in this review we will focus on 'juvenile-onset' or 'school myopia', which often develops and progresses between the ages of six and 17 years. (mivision.com.au)

Spector noted a strong correlation of osteoarthritis among monozygotic twins than among dizygotic twins. (davidson.edu)

A new study has found that a persistent low body mass index in children, starting as young as age 2 for boys and 4 for girls, may be a risk factor for the development of anorexia nervosa in adolescence. (news-medical.net)
Secular trends in the incidence of anorexia nervosa: integrative review of population-based studies. (nhi.no)
Controlled family study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: evidence of shared liability and transmission of partial syndromes. (nhi.no)
Etiological overlap between obsessive-compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa: a longitudinal cohort, multigenerational family and twin study. (nhi.no)
A controlled family study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: psychiatric disorders in first-degree relatives and effects of proband comorbidity. (nhi.no)
Anorexia nervosa: a study of 34 twin paris and one triplets. (nhi.no)

With the recent rapid development in modern biotechnology of high-throughput genetic and genomic analyses, twin modelling is expanding from analysis of diseases to molecular phenotypes in functional genomics especially in epigenetics, a thriving field of research that concerns the environmental regulation of gene expression through DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNA and long non-coding RNA expression, etc. (biologists.org)
Epigenome-wide analyses in adult female twins identified specific DNA methylation changes linked to self-reported periodontal disease. (springer.com)
Relying on these " umbrella diagnoses ", genetic analyses, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), were undertaken but failed to provide insight into the biological basis of these disorders. (mdpi.com)
74 individuals with complete laboratory data were further studied for association analyses. (hindawi.com)
The balance of questions was between retaining items from earlier questionnaires to permit longitudinal analyses and including items of relevance to these twins now in their mid-thirties. (helsinki.fi)

Besides the classical twin model, the case co-twin design using identical twins discordant for a trait or disease is becoming a popular and powerful design for epigenome-wide association study in linking environmental exposure to differential epigenetic regulation and to disease status while controlling for individual genetic make-up. (biologists.org)
Gray and white matter volume abnormalities in monozygotic and same-gender dizygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia. (nih.gov)
Recent studies have identified both heritable DNA methylation effects and differential methylation in disease-discordant identical twins. (biomedcentral.com)
Low Birth Weight in MZ Twins Discordant for Birth Weight is Associated with Shorter Telomere Length and lower IQ, but not Anxiety/Depression in Later Life. (edu.au)
In a cohort of 64 monozygotic twin pairs, using the discordant identical twin model, where monozygotic twins with discordant refractive error were included as a matched genetic control, Ramessur et al. (mivision.com.au)

The application of the twin method to molecular phenotypes offers new opportunities to study the genetic (nature) and environmental (nurture) contributions to epigenetic regulation of gene activity during developmental, ageing and disease processes. (biologists.org)
The aim of this study is to identify epigenetic changes across tissues that are associated with periodontal disease. (springer.com)
and second, in the context of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS), it can give insights into epigenetic effects in complex disease. (biomedcentral.com)
This finding suggests that epigenetic changes in monozygotic twins may alter ocular growth and homeostasis. (mivision.com.au)

Participants were identified from birth records of all twins born in England and Wales between 1994 and 1996. (wikipedia.org)

The classical twin design compares the similarity of monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal) twins. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, a pair of fraternal twins is produced when two oocytes (dizygotic, DZ) are released at a single ovulation and fertilized by two different sperm at the same time, resulting in the same type of genetic relationship as siblings. (biologists.org)

In hypertension, 2 independent case-control studies (1266 subjects with 53% women and 927 subjects with 24% women) replicated the effect of C-824T in the determination of blood pressure. (ahajournals.org)

We explored the genetic influence on focal GM and WM densities in magnetic resonance brain images of 54 monozygotic and 58 dizygotic twin pairs and 34 of their siblings. (jneurosci.org)
The results were similar for monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. (ahajournals.org)

The reason for this is that unlike cross-sectional studies , in which different individuals with the same characteristics are compared, longitudinal studies track the same people and so the differences observed in those people are less likely to be the result of cultural differences across generations. (wikipedia.org)
However, because of the repeated observation at the individual level, they have more power than cross-sectional observational studies, by virtue of being able to exclude time-invariant unobserved individual differences and also of observing the temporal order of events. (wikipedia.org)
In studies of twins, 70%-80% of differences in BMD (measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck) between individuals is attributable to genetic factors. (mja.com.au)
Studies are needed to assess the reasons for the differences in perinatal and maternal outcomes between twin pregnancies conceived spontaneously and through assisted reproductive technology. (who.int)
DeFries JC and Fulker DW (1988) Multiple regression analysis of twin data: etiology of deviant scores versus individual differences. (els.net)
We have previously shown differences in angiogenic and placental growth factors in maternal blood in pregnancies complicated by TTTS compared to twin pregnancies not complicated by TTTS but matched for gestation. (biomedcentral.com)
This fMRI study aimed to examine how differences in literacy processing demands may affect cortical activation patterns in 11- to 12-year-old children with dyslexia as compared to children with typical reading skills. (frontiersin.org)
Rather than compare sets of twins where only one female experienced CSA, researchers group all twins together, and then statistically controlled for differences between twin pairs. (basisonline.org)
Family studies, 7- 9 ethnic differences, 10 and twin studies 11- 13 have underlined the contribution of an important genetic susceptibility in the pathogenesis of IBD. (bmj.com)
5 studied environmental effects and found that differences in life choices before the age of 25 years have a sustained effect. (mivision.com.au)
No evidence was found of differential transmission through mothers or fathers, although the study had limited power to detect such differences. (bmj.com)

Types of longitudinal studies include cohort studies , which sample a cohort (a group of people who share a defining characteristic, typically who experienced a common event in a selected period, such as birth or graduation) and perform cross-section observations at intervals through time (not all longitudinal studies are cohort studies, as it can be a group of people who do not share a common event). (wikipedia.org)
high-quality case-control or cohort studies with a very low risk of confounding, bias or chance and a high probability that the relationship is causal. (scielo.org.za)
2+ Well-conducted case-control or cohort studies with a low risk of confounding, bias or chance and a moderate probability that the relationship is causal. (scielo.org.za)

They partitioned co-variation amongst relatives into genetic and environmental elements, anticipating the later work of Fisher and Wright, including the effect of dominance on similarity of relatives, and beginning the first classic-twin studies. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic and environmental influences on sexual orientation and its correlates in an Australian twin sample. (springer.com)
Structural equation modelling is a standard tool in twin research and involves solving a series of simultaneous linear structural equations to estimate genetic and environmental parameters that best fit the observed twin variances and covariances. (els.net)
In the present study, we applied the twin approach to estimate the contribution of genetic and environmental causes that may underlie the birth weight-adult blood pressure association. (ahajournals.org)

We performed a meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies of leiomyoma in European women (16,595 cases and 523,330 controls), uncovering 21 variants at 16 loci that associate with the disease. (nature.com)
Family and twin studies have demonstrated the importance of genetic factors and candidate gene association studies have identified several loci that exert small but significant effects on ADHD. (nature.com)
Several of the linkage regions overlap in two or more of these studies, including regions of chromosomes 5p, 6q, 7p, 11q, 12q and 17p, suggesting that one or more loci of moderately large effect may exist. (nature.com)
Refining genome-wide linkage intervals using a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies loci influencing personality dimensions. (edu.au)

This study reported a prevalence of 200 cases per 100,000 women (18 to 65 years of age) in England. (aafp.org)
No screening studies on the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in children were identified. (aafp.org)
Prevalence of peanut and tree nut allergy in the United States determined by means of a random digit dial telephone survey: a 5-year follow-up study. (springer.com)
Population-based studies suggest that the prevalence of primary angle-closure (PAC) is higher in East Asians than European and Africans. (arvojournals.org)
A longitudinal twin study of 1-year prevalence of major depression in women. (nih.gov)
Studies of the prevalence of autoimmune disease in monozygotic twins show that genetic as well as environmental factors (such as infection) are necessary for the disease to develop ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)

Data collecting started between 1991 and 1995 when questionnaires were mailed to all Finnish twins born between 1974 and 1979 as well as to their parents. (helsinki.fi)

It is impossible to conclude which of these possibilities is the case by using one-off cross-sectional studies. (wikipedia.org)
Quantitative ultrasound measurements, such as broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS), have been shown to identify some people at increased risk of fracture in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. (mja.com.au)
This was a cross-sectional study of dichorionic twins delivered at the Maternity Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq from 1 November 2016 to 31 December 2017. (who.int)
A cross-sectional study. (scielo.br)
Our cross-sectional study demonstrated small, but statistically significant, positive associations between all three investigated life-style factors and LBP. (biomedcentral.com)

His study compared twin pairs age 9-10 and 13-14 to normal siblings born within a few years of one another. (wikipedia.org)
The power of twin designs arises from the fact that twins may be either monozygotic (identical (MZ): developing from a single fertilized egg and therefore sharing all of their alleles) - or dizygotic (DZ: developing from two fertilized eggs and therefore sharing on average 50% of their polymorphic alleles, the same level of genetic similarity as found in non-twin siblings). (wikipedia.org)
In research announced today at the American College of Cardiology s 53rd Scientific Sessions in New Orleans, the scientists say they found a decrease in heart rate variability (HRV) in those twins who were depressed as compared to their non-depressed siblings. (innovations-report.com)
Siblings, multiple births, and the incidence of allergic disease: a birth cohort study using the West Midlands general practice research database. (springer.com)
Recent studies of idiopathic autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have implicated disparate genetic pathways for families in which ASD affects only one individual in the family ("simplex" autism, SA) versus multiple siblings in the family (familial or "multiplex" autism, MA). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
From these studies, a recurrence risk for siblings (lambda s (λ s )) of 15 has been calculated for IBD overall (25 for CD and 10 for UC). (bmj.com)
The condition recurs more than expected among twins, 9 10 11 as well as among siblings in general, 12 13 14 15 and an excess risk of cerebral palsy in children with a parent or other family member affected by the condition has been reported. (bmj.com)

5,6 As in most singleton studies, only resting BP was measured, although 24-hour ambulatory registration is considered more representative of a subject's usual or true BP. (ahajournals.org)

DNA methylation profiles were generated using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in whole blood, buccal, and adipose tissue samples from predominantly older female twins (mean age 58) from the TwinsUK cohort. (springer.com)
The diagnostic validity of melancholic major depression in a population-based sample of female twins. (nih.gov)
We report two cases of primary Raynaud's phenomenon in 16 year old monozygotic female twins. (bmj.com)
The female twins were born at 38 weeks of gestation by caesarean section. (bmj.com)

This study found evidence of familial clustering in LCPD but did not show a genetic component. (aappublications.org)
In a well-conducted twin study of 542 families, a single underlying trait for conduct disorder, antisocial personality, alcohol dependence, and drug dependence was found, which was highly heritable and was observed in both sexes. (medscape.com)
17 - 19 Various studies have found significant inherited components of fracture risk (eg, 25% of liability for Colles' fracture, a twofold hip fracture risk with a maternal hip fracture, a threefold risk of hip and other fractures with a paternal wrist fracture). (mja.com.au)
betes and, if so, whether obesity mediated this relationship in a Similarly, a 30-year prospective study found significant associ- population-representative sample of young adults. (cdc.gov)
James Pennebaker (2000) found that students who were assigned the task of writing about traumas they had suffered and about their fears, relationships and desires had stronger immune systems and were healthier than students who were assigned to write about less emotionally charged topics. (ablechild.org)
Researchers have found that many widely accepted dietary guidelines are not suitable for everyone, with even twins responding differently to the same foods. (news-medical.net)
A study funded by the USA National Institute of Drug Abuse found that "Among more than 1,400 adult females, childhood sexual abuse was associated with increased likelihood of drug dependence, alcohol dependence, and psychiatric disorders. (thefullwiki.org)
Finally, the associations found to be significant were tested in a twin-control study design. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous studies have found increased brain weight, head circumference, and MRI brain volume in children with autism. (neurology.org)
26,27 ⇓ However, not all studies have found evidence of increased brain size 28,29 ⇓ or weight. (neurology.org)
31 A recent study 6 found that brain volumes on MRI scans of very young children with autism (2 to 4 years) were abnormally large, whereas brain volumes at older ages (5 to 16 years) tended to be smaller than normal. (neurology.org)
First-born rather than second-born twins have been reported to be at higher risk, but no association between birth order and CD risk was found in other studies. (uspharmacist.com)
An increased risk was found among the twins of affected persons for stomach, colorectal, lung, breast, and prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
2, 7, 8 MacGregor et al first assessed the genetic basis of RP in a population based twin study and found a substantial genetic contribution to the symptoms of RP. (bmj.com)

Studies of twins: what can they tell us about the fetal origins of adult disease? (wiley.com)
We used data from a truly population-based 2005-2006 survey of all adult twins (20-47 years) in Sweden to conduct the largest twin study of same-sex sexual behavior attempted so far. (springer.com)
Terri L. Messman-Moore & Patricia J. Long, " Child Sexual Abuse and Revictimization in the Form of Adult Sexual Abuse, Adult Physical Abuse, and Adult Psychological Maltreatment ," 15 Journal of Interpersonal Violence 489 (2000). (wikipedia.org)
A total of 1272 adult twins and their family members, who were part of the Korean Healthy Twin Study from 2007-2011, were included. (arvojournals.org)
A total of 269 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (including 176 MZ twin pairs and 93 orphan twins), 50 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs (including 38 DZ twin pairs and 12 orphan twins), and 739 adult first-degree relatives of twins in 358 families were included. (arvojournals.org)
However, scores have little if any association with job performance and, as Joan Freeman's studies have shown, are not reliable indicators of adult careers. (councilforresponsiblegenetics.org)
[ 8 ] [ 25 ] Studies have established a causal relationship between childhood sexual abuse and certain specific areas of adult psychopathology, including suicidality, antisocial behavior, PTSD, anxiety and alcoholism. (thefullwiki.org)
In the present study, we examined the association between birth weight and adult resting and ambulatory BP in young adult twins. (ahajournals.org)

However, studies of brain size in adults with autism have yielded conflicting results. (neurology.org)
In addition, several studies have reported an increase in the overall size and weight of the brain in individuals with autism. (neurology.org)
The current study assessed brain volume and head circumference in a large sample of non-mentally retarded individuals with autism between 8 and 46 years of age and examined the association between age and these measurements. (neurology.org)
Fourteen of the autism-control pairs were included in our previous study of amygdala and hippocampal volume. (neurology.org)
7 Subjects with autism represented all consecutive referrals to a research clinic that met inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. (neurology.org)
Characterization of QAT and other endophenotypes among close relatives may be useful for reducing sample heterogeneity in future genetic and neurobiologic studies of autism. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Genetic predisposition to autism has been demonstrated in families and twin studies. (hindawi.com)
Several studies reported on the role of X-linked creatine transporter mutations in individuals with mental retardation, with or without autism. (hindawi.com)
Genetic factors for autism have been well established in family and twin studies. (hindawi.com)
Finally, a record linkage study in Sweden, using a multisource approach of all trajectories to a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder in Stockholm county, reported that 2.5% of all teenagers had received a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. (bmj.com)

There were no concordant monozygotic twin pairs. (aappublications.org)
The absolute risk that a co-twin of an affected individual will develop LCPD is low, even in the case of monozygotic twin pairs. (aappublications.org)

Breast cancer incidence and menopausal hormone therapy in Norway from 2004 to 2009: a register-based cohort study. (fhi.no)
Its incidence is estimated at about 1/1000 to 1/2000 with a biased male-to-female ratio of three or four to one (3-4:1) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

Magnetic resonance imaging studies have begun to map effects of genetic variation on trajectories of brain development. (springer.com)
Twin studies have demonstrated that genetic factors are responsible for a significant amount of variation in pediatric brain morphometry. (springer.com)
To date, most studies focused on the genetic influence on variation in total brain volume. (jneurosci.org)
To probe the impact of TH variation on stress-induced disease pathways, we resequenced ≈1.2 kbp of the 5′ promoter and all 13 exons and adjacent intronic regions in 80 ethnically diverse subjects and 422 twins. (ahajournals.org)
Twin pairs enabled us to study whether TH allelic variation contributed to heritable control of the circulation. (ahajournals.org)
As part of the same longitudinal study we investigated low mathematics performance and normal variation in a representative United Kingdom sample of 1713 same-sex 9-year-old twins based on teacher-assessed National Curriculum standards. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Amultidisciplinary collaborative study examining cognition in a large sample of twins is outlined. (psu.edu)

We suggest that particularly maternal influences, experienced by both twin members, may underlie the association between birth weight and blood pressure. (ahajournals.org)
4-7 Twins offer a unique opportunity to distinguish between individual fetoplacental, maternal, and genetic influences. (ahajournals.org)
Twin members share the same maternal environment, and monozygotic twins are genetically identical. (ahajournals.org)
By comparing the heavier and the lighter twin member within a pair, the influence of birth weight can be estimated while potential confounding maternal and genetic characteristics are controlled for. (ahajournals.org)
Screening for trisomies by cfDNA testing of maternal blood in twin pregnancy: update of The Fetal Medicine Foundation results and meta-analysis. (amedeo.com)
Validation of competing risks model in screening for pre-eclampsia in twin pregnancy by maternal factors. (amedeo.com)

Evidence from family, adoption and twin studies indicates that genetic factors significantly influence liability to personality disorders (PDs) and contribute to the comorbidity among PDs and between PDs and other psychiatric disorders. (els.net)
American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn. (els.net)
Götestam KG, Eriksen L, Hagen H. An epidemiological study of eating disorders in Norwegian psychiatric institutions. (nhi.no)

For genetic influences, the extent to which monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs resemble each other more than is the case for dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs is the determining factor. (jneurosci.org)
Twin studies with a differentiated diagnosis of endogenic psychoses - psychosocial influences in certain forms of schizophrenia]. (nih.gov)
Genetic influences on peripheral blood cell counts: a study in baboons. (semanticscholar.org)

Earlier studies surveyed individuals as in traditional epidemiology and later, genetic epidemiology studies targeted groups of individuals with increasing unit size: sibling-pairs or twins, families, and populations. (mivision.com.au)

Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to alcohol consumption: a prospective study among male British doctors. (medscape.com)

I am Dr. Dave Walker from the International Center for the Study of Psychiatry and Psychology (ICSPP) founded by Peter Breggin, MD. (ablechild.org)

An increasing number of genome-wide association studies [ 1 , 2 ] and candidate gene reports [ 3 , 4 , 5 ] have explored genetic susceptibility to periodontal disease. (springer.com)

Setting Child and Adolescent Twin Study and national patient register, Sweden. (bmj.com)

Epigenome-wide association scans (EWAS) of gingival bleeding and tooth mobility were conducted in whole blood in 528 and 492 twins, respectively. (springer.com)

This background information has been updated through the course of the study and has enabled comparisons of the TEDS sample against UK population data and against participants lost to attrition. (wikipedia.org)
Wilhelm Weinberg and colleagues in 1910 used the identical-DZ distinction to calculate respective rates from the ratios of same- and opposite-sex twins in a maternity population. (wikipedia.org)
One reason is that previous studies employed self-selected, opportunistic, or small population-based samples. (springer.com)
Only one population-based screening study 13 of systemic lupus erythematosus was identified. (aafp.org)
A population-based modeling study. (nih.gov)
A population-based twin study. (nih.gov)
A population-based twin study of lifetime major depression in men and women. (nih.gov)
A population-based twin study of generalized anxiety disorder in men and women. (nih.gov)
Twin data were obtained from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey, which is a population-based register known for its prospectively collected perinatal data and accurate zygosity determination. (ahajournals.org)
9 This population-based survey has prospectively registered all twins born in the Belgian Province of East Flanders since 1964. (ahajournals.org)
Onset of adolescent eating disorders: population based cohort study over 3 years. (nhi.no)
Design Population based cohort study. (bmj.com)
Finnish Population Register Centre provided twins' contact information for the study. (helsinki.fi)

3 More recently, the fetal origins of BP have also been studied in twins. (ahajournals.org)

Both quantitative and molecular genetic studies suggest that gene-environment interplay is involved in the aetiology of personality disorders. (els.net)
Typical of the Western World, musculo-skeletal disorders in Denmark, of which LBP was the most common, comprised 50% of all work-related disorders in Denmark in the year 2000. (biomedcentral.com)
Becker has also served as a Co-Investigator on several studies focused on improving the delivery of treatment to adolescents with mood disorders. (lifespan.org)
Treatment for eating disorders from a patient patient satisfaction perspective: a Norwegian replication of a British study. (nhi.no)
We asked them about their twin relationships, study and work, general health, symptoms, selected specific diseases and reading disorders. (helsinki.fi)

By comparing many hundreds of families with twins, researchers can then understand more about the roles of genetic effects, shared environment, and unique environment in shaping behavior. (wikipedia.org)

Studies on exercise behaviour traditionally focused on social factors and environmental barriers. (wur.nl)
There is not an extensive record of epidemiological studies that have assessed both environmental and genetic risk factors for CTS in the same study. (cdc.gov)
Twins provide a unique opportunity to study DNA methylation, because they are matched controls for nearly all genetic variants and many environmental factors. (biomedcentral.com)
The classical twin study allows not only for the estimation of genetic effects on locus-specific DNA methylation variability, but also for the differentiation of shared and unique environmental components, which are of interest because monozygotic and dizygotic twins share the same uterus and birth date and are exposed to similar environmental factors in early life. (biomedcentral.com)
Lead is the most well studied environmental toxin that hinders learning. (ldworldwide.org)
This week's DRAM reviews a study that controls for the influence of environmental and genetic characteristics, as well as the influence of drinking at an early age using a sample of twins. (basisonline.org)
Effects of environmental agents on the attainment of puberty: considerations when assessing exposure to environmental chemicals in the National Children's Study. (thefreelibrary.com)
The purpose of the National Children's Study (NCS) is to evaluate the health risks to children in this country from environmental exposures by using a longitudinal cohort design (Children's Health Act of 2000). (thefreelibrary.com)

Some research has suggested that perinatal mortality was significantly lower in twin pregnancy from assisted conception compared with spontaneously conceived twin pregnancy (2,3,5). (who.int)
Complications include twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) which affects 10-15% monochorionic twins, and if untreated has a 70-90% perinatal loss rate. (biomedcentral.com)
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perinatal outcome in triplet versus twin gestation. (biomedsearch.com)

The purpose of this update is to provide the most current information about both the Colorado Adoption Project (CAP) and the Longitudinal Twin Study (LTS) and to introduce the Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging (CATSLife), a product of their merger and a unique study of lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging. (cambridge.org)

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Dan Patch Corridor

Narcissistic personality disorder

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Irving Gottesman

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Effects and aftermath of rape

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Helmut Beckmann

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Child sexual abuse - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Abortion - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Schizophrenia - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Հեպարին - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան

Abortion in the United States

Cotton-top tamarin

Lucius Verus

Behavior Genetics Principles: Perspectives in Development, by Lisabeth F Dilalla PH.D. - CUPS Library

CiteSeerX - Citation Query Circuitry of the prefrontal cortex and the regulation of behavior by representational memory

A Twin Study of Perthes Disease | American Academy of Pediatrics

Study of progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth in twins (STOPPIT): Findings from a trial-based cost-effectiveness...

Twins Early Development Study - Wikipedia

What do twin studies reveal about the inheritability of alcoholism?

Studies of twins: what can they tell us about the fetal origins of adult disease? - Morley - 2005 - Paediatric and Perinatal...

Twin study - Wikipedia

Narcissistic personality disorder - Wikipedia

Mental disorder - Wikipedia

Inheritance of Occlusal Topography: A Twin Study | SpringerLink

Genetic and Environmental Effects on Same-sex Sexual Behavior: A Population Study of Twins in Sweden | SpringerLink

Twin methodology in epigenetic studies | Journal of Experimental Biology

Evidence for genetic associations between asthma, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness: a study of 8- to 18-yr-old twins.

Twin study finds possible connection between depression, heart disease

Textbook of Psychiatry/Personality Disorders - Wikibooks, open books for an open world

JCI - Influences on allergic mechanisms through gut, lung, and skin microbiome exposures

CATSLife: A Study of Lifespan Behavioral Development and Cognitive Functioning | Twin Research and Human Genetics | Cambridge...

Anatomic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Developing Child and Adolescent Brain and Effects of Genetic Variation | SpringerLink

Variants associating with uterine leiomyoma highlight genetic background shared by various cancers and hormone-related traits |...

Medical Science Monitor

Longitudinal study - Wikipedia