2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Modulation of the gating of CIC-1 by S-(-) 2-(4-chlorophenoxy) propionic acid. (1/56)
1. Using whole-cell patch-clamping and Sf-9 cells expressing the rat skeletal muscle chloride channel, rCIC-1, the cellular mechanism responsible for the myotonic side effects of clofibrate derivatives was examined. 2. RS-(+/-) 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (RS-(+/-) CPP) and its S-(-) enantiomer produced pronounced effects on CIC-1 gating. Both compounds caused the channels to deactivate more rapidly at hyperpolarizing potentials, which showed as a decrease in the time constants of both the fast and slow deactivating components of the whole cell currents. Both compounds also produced a concentration-dependent shift in the voltage dependence of channel apparent open probability to more depolarizing potentials, with an EC50 of 0.79 and 0.21 mM for the racemate and S-(-) enantiomer respectively. R-(+) CPP at similar concentrations had no effect on gating. RS-(+/-) CPP did not block the passage of Cl- through the pore of rCIC-1. 3. CIC-1 is gated by Cl- binding to a site within an access channel and S-(-) CPP alters gating of the channel by decreasing the affinity of this binding site for Cl-. Comparison of the EC50 for RS-(+/-) CPP and S-(-) CPP indicates that R-(+) CPP can compete with the S-(-) enantiomer for the site but that it is without biological activity. 4. RS-(+/-) CPP produced the same effect on rCIC-1 gating when added to the interior of the cell and in the extracellular solution. 5. S-(-) CPP modulates the gating of CIC-1 to decrease the membrane Cl- conductance (GCl), which would account for the myotonic side effects of clofibrate and its derivatives. (+info)Design and application of a biosensor for monitoring toxicity of compounds to eukaryotes. (2/56)
Here we describe an alternative approach to currently used cytotoxicity analyses through applying eukaryotic microbial biosensors. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was genetically modified to express firefly luciferase, generating a bioluminescent yeast strain. The presence of any toxic chemical that interfered with the cells' metabolism resulted in a quantitative decrease in bioluminescence. In this study, it was demonstrated that the luminescent yeast strain senses chemicals known to be toxic to eukaryotes in samples assessed as nontoxic by prokaryotic biosensors. As the cell wall and adaptive mechanisms of S. cerevisiae cells enhance stability and protect from extremes of pH, solvent exposure, and osmotic shock, these inherent properties were exploited to generate a biosensor that should detect a wide range of both organic and inorganic toxins under extreme conditions. (+info)Pharmacological characterization of chloride channels belonging to the ClC family by the use of chiral clofibric acid derivatives. (3/56)
The enantiomers of 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (CPP) and of its analogs with substitutions on the asymmetric carbon atom were tested on human ClC-1 channel, the skeletal muscle chloride channel, after heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes, to gain insight in the mechanism of action of these stereoselective modulators of macroscopic chloride conductance (gCl) of rat striated fibers. By means of two microelectrode voltage clamp recordings, we found that S(-)-CPP shifted the activation curve of the ClC-1 currents toward more positive potentials and decreased the residual conductance at negative membrane potential; both effects probably account for the decrease of gCl at resting potential of native muscle fibers. Experiments on expressed Torpedo marmorata ClC-0 channels and a mutant lacking the slow gate suggest that S(-)-CPP could act on the fast gate of the single protochannels constituting the double-barreled structure of ClC-0 and ClC-1. The effect of S(-)-CPP on ClC-1 was markedly increased at low external pH (pH = 6), possibly for enhanced diffusion through the membrane (i.e., because the compound was effective only when applied to the cytoplasmic side during patch clamp recordings). The R(+)-isomer had little effect at concentrations as high as 1 mM. The CPP analogs with an ethyl, a phenyl, or an n-propyl group in place of the methyl group on the asymmetric center showed a scale of potency and a stereoselective behavior on ClC-1 similar to that observed for blocking gCl in native muscle fibers. The tested compounds were selective toward the ClC-1 channel. In fact, they were almost ineffective on an N-terminal deletion mutant of ClC-2 that is volume- and pH-independent while they blocked wild-type ClC-2 currents only at high concentrations and independently of pH and drug configuration, suggesting a different mechanism of action compared with ClC-1. No effects were observed on ClC-5 that shows less than 30% homology with ClC-1. Thus, CPP-like compounds may be useful both to gain insight into biophysical properties of ClC-1 and for searching tissue-specific therapeutic agents. (+info)Simultaneous determination of 2,4-D and MCPA in canine plasma and urine by HPLC with fluorescence detection using 9-anthryldiazomethane (ADAM). (4/56)
A method for the simultaneous determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in canine plasma and urine has been developed. This method used derivatization of extracted samples with 9-anthrylmethane (ADAM) for analysis by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Precision and accuracy were within the accepted limits of 15% and 85-115%, respectively, for both analytes in plasma and urine. Calibration curves for 2,4-D and MCPA in plasma were linear (r2 > 0.99) between 0.50 and 5.0 mg/L and 5.0 and 100 mg/L. Calibration curves for 2,4-D and MCPA in urine were linear (r2 > 0.99) between 5.0 and 70.0 mg 2,4-D/L and 10.0 and 70.0 mg MCPA/L. The lower limit of detection was 62.5 ng/mL for both 2,4-D and MCPA. (+info)Fast and slow gating of CLC-1: differential effects of 2-(4-chlorophenoxy) propionic acid and dominant negative mutations. (5/56)
Our knowledge about ClC-1 muscle chloride channel gating, previously gained from single-channel recording and noise analysis, provides a theoretical basis for further analysis of macroscopic currents. In the present study, we propose a simple method of calculation of open probabilities (P(o)) of fast and slow gates from the relative amplitudes of ClC-1 inward current components. With this method, we investigated the effects of 2-(4-chlorophenoxy) propionic acid (CPP), a drug known to produce myotonia in animals, and dominant negative myotonic mutations, F307S and A313T, on fast and slow gating of ClC-1. We have shown that these mutations affected the P(o) of the slow gate, as expected from their mode of inheritance, and that CPP predominantly affected the fast gating process. CPP's action on the fast gating of mutant channels was similar to its effect in wild-type channels. Comparison of the effects of CPP and the mutations on fast and slow gating with the effects produced by reduction of external Cl(-) concentration suggested that CPP and mutations exert their action by affecting the transition of the channel from its closed to open state after Cl(-) binding to the gating site. (+info)Development of models to predict dose of pesticides in professional turf applicators. (6/56)
Epidemiologic studies designed to assess the chronic effects of pesticides are limited by inadequate measurements of exposures. Although cohort studies have been initiated to evaluate the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and other pesticides in professional turf applicators, they may have limited power to detect significant health risks and may be subject to bias from exposure measurement error. In this study, the doses of 2,4-D, mecoprop [2-(4-chloro-2 methylphenoxy) propionic acid, MCPP] and dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) were evaluated in a group of 98 professional turf applicators from 20 companies across southwestern Ontario. During a 1-week period (Saturday to Thursday), the volume of pesticide (active ingredient) applied was only weakly related to the total dose of 2,4-D absorbed (R(2)=0.21). Two additional factors explained a large proportion of variation in dose: the type of spray nozzle used and the use of gloves while spraying. Individuals who used a fan-type nozzle had significantly higher doses than those who used a gun-type nozzle. Glove use was associated with significantly lower doses. Job satisfaction and current smoking influenced the dose but were not highly predictive. In the final multiple regression models predicting total absorbed dose of 2,4-D and mecoprop, approximately 63-68% of the variation was explained. The future application of these models for epidemiologic research will depend on the availability of information and records from employers, the feasibility of contacting study subjects and cost. (+info)Molecular requisites for drug binding to muscle CLC-1 and renal CLC-K channel revealed by the use of phenoxy-alkyl derivatives of 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid. (7/56)
CLC channels are a gene family of Cl(-) channels that serve a variety of functions, several of which are involved in genetic diseases. Few specific ligands of CLC channels are known that could be useful as pharmacological tools or potential drugs. We synthesized various derivatives of 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid, the S(-)-enantiomer of which is a specific blocker of the muscle channel CLC-1. In particular, compounds with different alkyl or phenoxy-alkyl groups on the chiral center, isosteres of the oxygen in the aryloxy moiety, or bioisosteres of the carboxy function were prepared. We found that compounds containing a phenoxy and a phenoxy-alkyl group on the chiral center (bis-phenoxy derivatives) specifically inhibited renal CLC-K channels from the extracellular side with an affinity in the 150-microM range and with almost no effect on other CLC channels when applied from the outside. Surprisingly, the same substances inhibited CLC-1 from the intracellular side in a voltage-dependent manner with an apparent K(D) of <5 microM at -140 mV, thus being the most potent blockers of a CLC channel known so far. Although the chlorine atom in para- position of the second phenoxy group was essential for inhibition of CLC-K channels from the outside, it could be substituted by a methoxy group without changing the potency of block for CLC-1 from the inside. These newly identified substances provide powerful tools for studying the structure-function relationship and the physiological role of CLC channels and may represent a starting point for the development of useful drugs targeting CLC-K channels. (+info)Developmental toxicity of a commercial herbicide mixture in mice: I. Effects on embryo implantation and litter size. (8/56)
We investigated the developmental toxicity in mice of a common commercial formulation of herbicide containing a mixture of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), mecoprop, dicamba, and inactive ingredients. Pregnant mice were exposed to one of four different doses of the herbicide mixture diluted in their drinking water, either during preimplantation and organogenesis or only during organogenesis. Litter size, birth weight, and crown-rump length were determined at birth, and pups were allowed to lactate and grow without additional herbicide exposure so that they could be subjected to additional immune, endocrine, and behavioral studies, the results of which will be reported in a separate article. At weaning, dams were sacrificed, and the number of implantation sites was determined. The data, although apparently influenced by season, showed an inverted or U-shaped dose-response pattern for reduced litter size, with the low end of the dose range producing the greatest decrease in the number of live pups born. The decrease in litter size was associated with a decrease in the number of implantation sites, but only at very low and low environmentally relevant doses. Fetotoxicity, as evidenced by a decrease in weight and crown-rump length of the newborn pups or embryo resorption, was not significantly different in the herbicide-treated litters. (+info)
MCPA
... yielding MCP and acetate acid. Another pathway could be the hydroxylation of the methyl group, yielding cloxyfonac (4-Chloro-2- ... Its carboxylic acid group allows the formation of conjugated complexes with metals (see above). The acid functionality makes ... The acid functionality makes MCPA a versatile synthetic intermediate for more complex derivatives -COOH + M+ → -COOM + H+ The ... They synthesized MCPA from the corresponding phenol by exposing it to chloroacetic acid and dilute base in a straightforward ...
O-Cresol
Kolbe-Schmitt carboxylation gives o-cresotinic acid, a pharmaceutical intermediate. Carvacrol, essence of oregano, is derived ... Many other production methods have been examined, including oxidative decarboxylation of salicylic acid, oxygenation of toluene ... ortho-Cresol, also called 2-methylphenol, or 2-hydroxytoluene, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4(OH). It is a ... Chlorination and etherification gives members of commercially important herbicides, such as 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid ...
Herbicide
Like other acid herbicides, current formulations use either an amine salt (often trimethylamine) or one of many esters of the ... Several sulfonylureas, including Flazasulfuron and Metsulfuron-methyl, which act as ALS inhibitors and in some cases are taken ... These are easier to handle than the acid. The triazine family of herbicides, which includes atrazine, were introduced in the ... In 2013 only two herbicide classes, called Photosystem II and long-chain fatty acid inhibitors, were effective against ryegrass ...
Chloroacetic acid
Related compounds are dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid. Chloroacetic acid was first prepared (in impure form) by ... Like other chloroacetic acids and related halocarbons, chloroacetic acid is a hazardous alkylating agent. The LD50 for rats is ... Chloroacetic acid is prepared industrially by two routes. The predominant method involves chlorination of acetic acid, with ... Chloroacetic acid, industrially known as monochloroacetic acid (MCA), is the organochlorine compound with the formula ClCH2CO2H ...
Agent Orange
5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) would speed up the flowering of soybeans and that in higher concentrations it would defoliate the ... 6-endoxohexahydrophthalic acid). During 1952-53, the unit supervised the aerial spraying of 2,4,5-T in Kenya to assess the ... 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) - in iso-octyl ester form, which contained traces of the dioxin 2,3,7,8- ... "4 Decades on, U.S. Starts Cleanup of Agent Orange in Vietnam". The New York Times. New York. August 9, 2012. Archived from the ...
List of MeSH codes (D02)
... polymethacrylic acids MeSH D02.241.081.069.800.550 - methyl methacrylates MeSH D02.241.081.069.800.550.450 - methyl ... quinic acid MeSH D02.241.511.852 - shikimic acid MeSH D02.241.511.902 - sugar acids MeSH D02.241.511.902.107 - ascorbic acid ... edetic acid MeSH D02.241.081.038.455 - egtazic acid MeSH D02.241.081.038.581 - iodoacetic acid MeSH D02.241.081.038.581.400 - ... hexuronic acids MeSH D02.241.081.844.915.400.500 - iduronic acid MeSH D02.241.081.901.177 - aconitic acid MeSH D02.241.081.901. ...
Indole-3-acetic acid
Some Chlorophenoxyacetic Acids". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 63 (6): 1768. doi:10.1021/ja01851a601. "PGR Planofix - Crop Science India". ... methyl)-IAA resulted in apoptosis of neuroepithelial cell and significantly decreased brain sizes relative to body weight in ... 5, p. 654 Fox, Sidney W.; Bullock, Milon W. (1951). "Synthesis of Indoleacetic Acid from Glutamic Acid and a Proposed Mechanism ... Sep 2015). "Regulation of indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis by branched-chain amino acids in Enterobacter cloacae UW5". FEMS ...
ATSDR - PHA - Evaluation of Current (1990 to 2003) and Future Chemical Exposures in the Vicinity of the Oak Ridge Reservation,...
... propionic acid. MRL. minimal risk level. mg/day. milligram per day. ... Table B-4. Chemicals Detected in Fish Collected Off-site. Table B-5. Chemicals Detected in Off-site Game. Table B-6. Chemicals ... 4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol. Dioxin (Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins). Heptachlor Epoxide. Alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane (Alpha-HCH). Iron ... Figure 2. Demographics Within a 5-Mile Radius of the ORR. Figure 3. State of Tennessee Screening Process for Past Exposure. ...
Búsqueda | BVS CLAP/SMR-OPS/OMS
... community-induced organic component conversion and humus formation during rice straw composting with tricarboxylic acid cycle ... 2.. Total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis in bone defects. Lin, Haixiong; Wang, Xiaotong ... 4.. A validated UPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of a potent neuroprotective agent Sarsasapogenin-AA13 in rat ... Isolation and characterization of a novel 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid-degrading Enterobacter sp. strain SE08. Tan, Lin ...
DeCS
Acetic acid, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)- Previous Indexing:. Glycolates (1969-1974). Toluene (1974). ... 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid - Preferred Concept UI. M0013151. Scope note. A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed ... 2 Methyl 4 chlorophenoxyacetic Acid. Agroxone. MCPA. Methoxone. Tree number(s):. D02.241.081.018.386.682.500. D02.241.511.316. ... Acide 4-chloro-2-méthylphénoxy-acétique Entry term(s):. ... 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid Entry term(s). 2 Methyl 4 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
Ricks Garden Center | Bonide Chickweed, Clover & Oxalis Killer Conc 1Pt
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
Products - Sunray International Rajkot, Gujarat India
Sodium Chloroacetate, Chloroacetic acid sodium salt, Monochloroacetic acid sodium salt, Monochloroethanoic acid sodium salt, ... 6) Hydrocolloids such as Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC), Sodium Carboxy Methyl Starch (CMS), Sodium Carboxy Methyl ... 6) Hydrocolloids such as Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC), Sodium Carboxy Methyl Starch (CMS), Sodium Carboxy Methyl ... Carboxy Methyl TKP, CMTKP, Sodium CMTKP, Na-CMTKP, Sodium Carboxy Methyl TKP, Sodium Carboxy Methyl Tamarind Gum, Anionic ...
Plant Growth Regulators,China Plant Growth Regulators Supplier & Manufacturer
Halosulfuron-methyl. Brand:. LEMANDOU. Packaging:. Packing:In 1 kg,25kgs net bag or fibre drum.. Model No.:. Herbicide. Contact ... Gibberellic Acid GA3 tablet 77-06-5. Brand:. Lemandou. Packaging:. 1 KG aluminum foil bag, 25 KG net fiber drum. Model No.:. 90 ... Benzoic Acid. Guangzhou ZIO Chemical Co., Ltd. was founded in the spring of 2005. We specialize in food additive, cosmetic ... 1- Aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid. Packaging:. airtight package for oversea shipment. Supply Ability:. 5000kgs monthly. ...
Biomonitoring Summary | CDC
IARC considers the chlorophenoxyacetic acids group of chemicals as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Additional information is ... Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE). *NNAL (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol) ... Kolmodin-Hedman B, Erne K. Estimation of occupational exposure to phenoxy acids (2,4-D and 2,4,5-T). Arch Toxicol Suppl 1980;4: ... Intentional overdoses and unintentional high dose occupational exposures to chlorophenoxy acid herbicides have resulted in ...
Proximity to residential and workplace pesticides application and the risk of progression of Parkinson's diseases in Central...
Shiwen Li 1 , Beate Ritz 2 , Yufan Gong 1 , Myles Cockburn 3 , Aline Duarte Folle 1 , Irish Del Rosario 1 , Yu Yu 1 , Keren ... Shiwen Li 1 , Beate Ritz 2 , Yufan Gong 1 , Myles Cockburn 3 , Aline Duarte Folle 1 , Irish Del Rosario 1 , Yu Yu 1 , Keren ... 2 Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, David ... 2 Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, David ...
Biomarkers Search
Phenoxy acid herbicides and contaminants: description of the IARC International Register of Workers. IARC Working Group.. Am J ... A cohort mortality study of forestry workers exposed to phenoxy acid herbicides.. Green LM. Br J Ind Med; 1991 Apr; 48(4):234-8 ... 4. A follow-up study of cancer incidence among workers in manufacture of phenoxy herbicides in Denmark.. Lynge E. Br J Cancer; ... 2. Cancer in phenoxy herbicide manufacturing workers in Denmark, 1947-87--an update.. Lynge E. Cancer Causes Control; 1993 May ...
The validation of a pesticide exposure algorithm using biological monitoring results - PubMed
Review of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) biomonitoring and epidemiology. Burns CJ, Swaen GM. Burns CJ, et al. Crit Rev ... Only 2% of applicators wore all three types of PPE when both mixing and applying, and 15% wore none of these three types of PPE ... The concentrations of 2,4-D detected in the urine samples ranged from less than , 1.0 to 514 microg/L among 41 of the ... 2006 Mar;21(2):93-103. doi: 10.1093/mutage/gel011. Epub 2006 Mar 27. Mutagenesis. 2006. PMID: 16567350 Review. ...
A Review of Nonoccupational Pathways for Pesticide Exposure in Women Living in Agricultural Areas | Environmental Health...
Phenoxyacetic acid herbicide exposure for women on Ontario farms.J Toxicol Environ Health A 68:1359-1370. 16020195. . Crossref ... 2012) examined a subset of 95 homes in this population and observed that azinphos-methyl levels in house and vehicle dust were ... 2004) had significantly higher levels or greater percent detection of azinphos-methyl in the dust in their homes and/or the ... 2000), diazinon and azinphos-methyl were more frequently detected in farm homes than in non-farm homes, but chlorpyrifos and ...
DeCS - Changed terms
MeSH Browser
Carboxylic Acids [D02.241] * Acids, Acyclic [D02.241.081] * Acetates [D02.241.081.018] * Glycolates [D02.241.081.018.386] * ... Carboxylic Acids [D02.241] * Hydroxy Acids [D02.241.511] * Glycolates [D02.241.511.316] * Phenoxyacetates [D02.241.511.316.682] ... Acetic acid, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-. Previous Indexing. Glycolates (1969-1974). Toluene (1974). Public MeSH Note. 2001; ... 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid Preferred Term Term UI T025123. Date06/03/1982. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID ...
MeSH Browser
Carboxylic Acids [D02.241] * Acids, Acyclic [D02.241.081] * Acetates [D02.241.081.018] * Glycolates [D02.241.081.018.386] * ... Carboxylic Acids [D02.241] * Hydroxy Acids [D02.241.511] * Glycolates [D02.241.511.316] * Phenoxyacetates [D02.241.511.316.682] ... Acetic acid, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-. Previous Indexing. Glycolates (1969-1974). Toluene (1974). Public MeSH Note. 2001; ... 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid Preferred Term Term UI T025123. Date06/03/1982. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID ...
NDF-RT Code NDF-RT Name
1-Carboxyglutamic Acid N0000167204 1-Deoxynojirimycin N0000166987 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine N0000167234 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2 ... Methyl Ethers N0000166537 Methyl Green N0000166483 Methyl Methanesulfonate N0000166799 Methyl n-Butyl Ketone N0000166451 Methyl ... Neutral N0000006806 Amino Acids N0000011372 Amino Acids, Acidic N0000011248 Amino Acids, Aromatic N0000011332 Amino Acids, ... Acyclic N0000008269 Acids, Aldehydic N0000007628 Acids, Carbocyclic N0000007629 Acids, Heterocyclic N0000007630 Acids, ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. December 5, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
Cucumber (for high water content commodities) and orange (for high acid and high water content samples) were selected as ... butyric acid (IBA), dichlorprop (2,4-DP), 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (MCPA), and triclopyr were found, but always at ... Los otros 2 fueron: 1 linfoma y 1 mesotelioma, mismos que con gran frecuencia pueden ser diploides. La sensibilidad y la ... 4. Biogeographical factors determining Triatoma recurva distribution in Chihuahua, México, 2014 / Factores biogeográficos ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2013 MeSH. August 27, 2012
D10.251.400.143 Butyric Acid D2.241.81.160.140 D2.241.81.114.750 D10.251.400.241.140 D10.251.400.143.500 Caffeic Acids D2.241. ... D2.455.426.559.389.657.654.453.400.500 Methyl Parathion D2.705.539.746.500 D2.705.400.625.600.500 D2.886.309.746.500 D2.705. ... B5.80.750.450 Keto Acids D2.241.607 D2.241.755 Ketoglutaric Acids D2.241.607.465 D2.241.755.465 L-Selectin D23.50.301.264. ... D2.705.675 Phosphoric Acid Esters D2.705.673 D2.705.400 (Replaced for 2012 by Organophosphates) Phosphorous Acids D2.705.676 ...
TERM
1-Carboxyglutamic Acid 1-Deoxynojirimycin 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4- ... Amino Acids Amino Acids, Acidic Amino Acids, Aromatic Amino Acids, Basic Amino Acids, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Cyclic Amino ... Acid Ceramidase Acid Etching, Dental Acid Phosphatase Acid Rain Acid Sensing Ion Channel Blockers Acid Sensing Ion Channels ... Acids Acids, Acyclic Acids, Aldehydic Acids, Carbocyclic Acids, Heterocyclic Acids, Noncarboxylic Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride ...
CASRN Chemical Name DTXSID Original SMILES Original InChIKey QSAR Ready SMILES
"Fatty acids, C6-12, methyl esters" DTXSID0028329 - - - 68439-57-6 "Sulfonic acids, C14-?16-?alkane hydroxy and C14-?16-?alkene ... S1 74-83-9 Methyl bromide DTXSID8020832 CBr GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CBr 298-00-0 Methyl parathion DTXSID1020855 COP(=S)(OC) ... Acid Blue 9 DTXSID4034310 [NH4+].[NH4+].CCN(CC1=CC(=CC=C1)S([O-])(=O)=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=C1C=CC(C=C1)=[N+](CC)CC1=CC=CC(=C1)S([O ... C 144550-36-7 Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium DTXSID2034673 [Na+].COC(=O)C1=C(C=C(I)C=C1)S(=O)(=O)[N-]C(=O)NC1=NC(OC)=NC(C)=N1 ...
Biomonitoring Summary | CDC
IARC considers the chlorophenoxyacetic acids group of chemicals as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Additional information is ... Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE). *NNAL (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol) ... The acid and salt forms of 2,4-D are eye irritants. Acute high doses administered to laboratory animals produced ataxia, ... It is rarely detected in ground waters (USGS, 2007). Acid and salt forms are much less toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates ...
MCPA3
- The authors examined the mortality and cancer incidence of employees at a company which has manufactured, formulated, and sprayed 2 methyl-4 chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and other phenoxy acid herbicides. (nih.gov)
- The findings do not exclude the possibility that MCPA is a human carcinogen, but they suggest that any risk of soft tissue sarcoma is less than that indicated by earlier studies of 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and is small in absolute terms. (nih.gov)
- The validity of the algorithm was evaluated through comparison of the algorithm scores with biological monitoring data from a study of 126 pesticide applicators who applied the herbicides MCPA or 2,4-D. The variability in the algorithm scores calculated for these applicators was due primarily to differences in their use of personal protective equipment (PPE). (nih.gov)
Phenoxy acid herbicides3
Herbicides2
- Highly volatile herbicides include methyl, ethyl, butyl, isopropyl, octylamyl, and pentyl esters containing various concentrations expressed in pounds of acid equivalent per gallon. (texasagriculture.gov)
- 4. A follow-up study of cancer incidence among workers in manufacture of phenoxy herbicides in Denmark. (nih.gov)
20231
- 11(4): e0267922, 2023 Aug 17. (bvsalud.org)
Dicamba1
- Products containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 3,6-Dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) are exempt from classification as a regulated herbicide when used in accordance with the approved product label for transgenic auxin herbicide tolerant crops, are applied by ground application equipment, AND are applied when winds do not exceed 10 miles per hour. (texasagriculture.gov)
Ester2
Choline1
- 2 In another study, rats that received choline or DMAE showed an increase in brain choline and acetylcholine. (bostontestosterone.com)
Petroleum1
- 61790-44-1 "Fatty acids, tall-oil, potassium salts" DTXSID4028098 - - - 64742-89-8 "Solvent naphtha, petroleum, light aliph. (nih.gov)
Salts1
- 5) In the presence of acid and metal salts, will produce a white turbidity or precipitation. (soarmart.com)
Ethanol1
- 2) Insoluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and other organic solvents. (soarmart.com)
19851
- Agent Orange) and concern about contamination with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin (TCDD) led to the discontinuation of 2,4,5-T use as a herbicide in 1985. (cdc.gov)
Minimal1
- Rafoxanide had antibacterial and antifungal activities, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) ranging from 2 to 128 µg/mL. (bvsalud.org)
Epidemiology1
- Review of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) epidemiology and toxicology. (cdc.gov)
20201
- In France a new "temporary" authorisation to use some neonicotinoids for beetroots farming (circa 450 000 hectares, a billions euros agro industry), was granted in December 2020 for 3 years, after they were banned 2 years ago… there have been partial interdictions in some European countries (not for all neonics) while neonics are still widely used in most parts of the world. (arctic-sea-ice.net)
Studies3
- Teratogenic and developmental effects have been reported in studies of multiple rodent strains treated with high doses of technical grade 2,4,5-T (Holson et al. (cdc.gov)
- Biomonitoring studies on 2,4,5-T in urine also provide physicians and public health officials with reference values so that they can determine whether other people have been exposed to higher levels of 2,4,5-T than levels found in the general population. (cdc.gov)
- Developmental toxicity of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T). I. Multireplicated dose-response studies in four inbred strains and one outbred stock of mice. (cdc.gov)
Level1
- Finding a measurable amount of does not imply that the level of the 2,4,5-T will result in an adverse health effect. (cdc.gov)
Effects2
- Human health effects from 2,4,5-T at low environmental doses or at biomonitored levels from low environmental exposures are unknown. (cdc.gov)
- In 1973, researcher Richard Hochschild reported the finding of an extension of average lifespan of 27.3% and maximum lifespan of 39.7% in mice given a compound that immediately breaks down into DMAE and p -chlorophenoxyacetic acid, leading him to conclude that the effects observed in the study may be attributable to these byproducts. (bostontestosterone.com)
Resistant2
- 4 animal and 5 human]), that were resistant to at least one agent in three or more different antimicrobial classes. (bvsalud.org)
- 2) It forms fine films that are resistant to oils, greases, and organic solvents. (soarmart.com)