14 3 3 proteins. Medical search

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A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.

"The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.

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Publications in any medium issued in successive parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983, p203)

All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.

Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

Electrophoresis in which a starch gel (a mixture of amylose and amylopectin) is used as the diffusion medium.

A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA; APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS, progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset. A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY, BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998 Dec 31;339(27))

An electrochemical process in which macromolecules or colloidal particles with a net electric charge migrate in a solution under the influence of an electric current.

A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A basis of value established for the measure of quantity, weight, extent or quality, e.g. weight standards, standard solutions, methods, techniques, and procedures used in diagnosis and therapy.

Copies of a work or document distributed to the public by sale, rental, lease, or lending. (From ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983, p181)

Rate of energy dissipation along the path of charged particles. In radiobiology and health physics, exposure is measured in kiloelectron volts per micrometer of tissue (keV/micrometer T).

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.

Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development.

A 50-kDa protein that complexes with CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 2 in the late G1 phase of the cell cycle.

A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.

A class of monomeric, low molecular weight (20-25 kDa) GTP-binding proteins that regulate a variety of intracellular processes. The GTP bound form of the protein is active and limited by its inherent GTPase activity, which is controlled by an array of GTPase activators, GDP dissociation inhibitors, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47

A ribosomal protein that may play a role in controlling cell growth and proliferation. It is a major substrate of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASES and plays a role in regulating the translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) of RNAs that contain an RNA 5' TERMINAL OLIGOPYRIMIDINE SEQUENCE.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A large family of signal-transducing adaptor proteins present in wide variety of eukaryotes. They are PHOSPHOSERINE and PHOSPHOTHREONINE binding proteins involved in important cellular processes including SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; CELL CYCLE control; APOPTOSIS; and cellular stress responses. 14-3-3 proteins function by interacting with other signal-transducing proteins and effecting changes in their enzymatic activity and subcellular localization. The name 14-3-3 derives from numerical designations used in the original fractionation patterns of the proteins.

A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.

Proteins obtained from the species SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes.

The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.

The normal length of time of an organism's life.

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders associated with abnormal PRIONS. These diseases are characterized by conversion of the normal prion protein to an abnormal configuration via a post-translational process. In humans, these conditions generally feature DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; and a fatal outcome. Pathologic features include a spongiform encephalopathy without evidence of inflammation. The older literature occasionally refers to these as unconventional SLOW VIRUS DISEASES. (From Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 Nov 10;95(23):13363-83)

Small proteinaceous infectious particles which resist inactivation by procedures that modify NUCLEIC ACIDS and contain an abnormal isoform of a cellular protein which is a major and necessary component. The abnormal (scrapie) isoform is PrPSc (PRPSC PROTEINS) and the cellular isoform PrPC (PRPC PROTEINS). The primary amino acid sequence of the two isoforms is identical. Human diseases caused by prions include CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME; GERSTMANN-STRAUSSLER SYNDROME; and INSOMNIA, FATAL FAMILIAL.

Abnormal isoform of prion proteins (PRIONS) resulting from a posttranslational modification of the cellular prion protein (PRPC PROTEINS). PrPSc are disease-specific proteins seen in certain human and animal neurodegenerative diseases (PRION DISEASES).

A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and locomotor incoordination. It is caused by proteinaceous infectious particles called PRIONS.

A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle associated with abnormal prion proteins in the brain. Affected animals develop excitability and salivation followed by ATAXIA. This disorder has been associated with consumption of SCRAPIE infected ruminant derived protein. This condition may be transmitted to humans, where it is referred to as variant or new variant CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME. (Vet Rec 1998 Jul 25;143(41):101-5)

Normal cellular isoform of prion proteins (PRIONS) encoded by a chromosomal gene and found in normal and scrapie-infected brain tissue, and other normal tissue. PrPC are protease-sensitive proteins whose function is unknown. Posttranslational modification of PrPC into PrPSC leads to infectivity.

An annual legume. The SEEDS of this plant are edible and used to produce a variety of SOY FOODS.

The formation of a nitrogen-fixing cell mass on PLANT ROOTS following symbiotic infection by nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as RHIZOBIUM or FRANKIA.

A species of trematode blood flukes belonging to the family Schistosomatidae whose distribution is confined to areas of the Far East. The intermediate host is a snail. It occurs in man and other mammals.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria usually containing granules of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate. They characteristically invade the root hairs of leguminous plants and act as intracellular symbionts.

Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum. It is endemic in the Far East and affects the bowel, liver, and spleen.

A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors found on both presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes where they signal through Gi-Go G-PROTEINS. While postsynaptic alpha-2 receptors play a traditional role in mediating the effects of ADRENERGIC AGONISTS, the subset of alpha-2 receptors found on presynaptic membranes signal the feedback inhibition of NEUROTRANSMITTER release.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.

A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors that mediate contraction of SMOOTH MUSCLE in a variety of tissues such as ARTERIOLES; VEINS; and the UTERUS. They are usually found on postsynaptic membranes and signal through GQ-G11 G-PROTEINS.

An Arabidopsis 14-3-3 protein can act as a transcriptional activator in yeast. (1/1483)

The 14-3-3 proteins are a group of highly conserved and widely distributed eukaryotic proteins with diverse functions. One 14-3-3 protein, AFT1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, was found to be able to activate transcription in yeast. When fused to the DNA-binding domain of a bacterial protein LexA, AFT1 can activate transcription of reporter genes that contain LexA operator sequences in their promoters. Although the in vivo function of AFT1 is not completely known, its similarity to previously identified proteins found in transcription complexes of Arabidopsis and maize suggests that AFT1 and some other 14-3-3 proteins may activate gene expression in other systems as well. (+info)

Cell adhesion regulates the interaction between the docking protein p130(Cas) and the 14-3-3 proteins. (2/1483)

Integrin ligand binding induces a signaling complex formation via the direct association of the docking protein p130(Cas) (Cas) with diverse molecules. We report here that the 14-3-3zeta protein interacts with Cas in the yeast two-hybrid assay. We also found that the two proteins associate in mammalian cells and that this interaction takes place in a phosphoserine-dependent manner, because treatment of Cas with a serine phosphatase greatly reduced its ability to bind 14-3-3zeta. Furthermore, the Cas-14-3-3zeta interaction was found to be regulated by integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Thus, when cells are detached from the extracellular matrix, the binding of Cas to 14-3-3zeta is greatly diminished, whereas replating the cells onto fibronectin rapidly induces the association. Consistent with these results, we found that the subcellular localization of Cas and 14-3-3 is also regulated by integrin ligand binding and that the two proteins display a significant co-localization during cell attachment to the extracellular matrix. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that 14-3-3 proteins participate in integrin-activated signaling pathways through their interaction with Cas, which, in turn, may contribute to important biological responses regulated by cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. (+info)

Protein kinase C mu is negatively regulated by 14-3-3 signal transduction proteins. (3/1483)

Recent studies have documented direct interaction between 14-3-3 proteins and key molecules in signal transduction pathways like Ras, Cbl, and protein kinases. In T cells, the 14-3-3tau isoform has been shown to associate with protein kinase C theta and to negatively regulate interleukin-2 secretion. Here we present data that 14-3-3tau interacts with protein kinase C mu (PKCmu), a subtype that differs from other PKC members in structure and activation mechanisms. Specific interaction of PKCmu and 14-3-3tau can be shown in the T cell line Jurkat by immunocoprecipitiation and by pulldown assays of either endogenous or overexpressed proteins using PKCmu-specific antibodies and GST-14-3-3 fusion proteins, respectively. Using PKCmu deletion mutants, the 14-3-3tau binding region is mapped within the regulatory C1 domain. Binding of 14-3-3tau to PKCmu is significantly enhanced upon phorbol ester stimulation of PKCmu kinase activity in Jurkat cells and occurs via a Cbl-like serine containing consensus motif. However, 14-3-3tau is not a substrate of PKCmu. In contrast 14-3-3tau strongly down-regulates PKCmu kinase activity in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of 14-3-3tau significantly reduced phorbol ester induced activation of PKCmu kinase activity in intact cells. We therefore conclude that 14-3-3tau is a negative regulator of PKCmu in T cells. (+info)

Akt promotes cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting a Forkhead transcription factor. (4/1483)

Survival factors can suppress apoptosis in a transcription-independent manner by activating the serine/ threonine kinase Akt, which then phosphorylates and inactivates components of the apoptotic machinery, including BAD and Caspase 9. In this study, we demonstrate that Akt also regulates the activity of FKHRL1, a member of the Forkhead family of transcription factors. In the presence of survival factors, Akt phosphorylates FKHRL1, leading to FKHRL1's association with 14-3-3 proteins and FKHRL1's retention in the cytoplasm. Survival factor withdrawal leads to FKHRL1 dephosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and target gene activation. Within the nucleus, FKHRL1 triggers apoptosis most likely by inducing the expression of genes that are critical for cell death, such as the Fas ligand gene. (+info)

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD. (5/1483)

The Ca2+-activated protein phosphatase calcineurin induces apoptosis, but the mechanism is unknown. Calcineurin was found to dephosphorylate BAD, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, thus enhancing BAD heterodimerization with Bcl-xL and promoting apoptosis. The Ca2+-induced dephosphorylation of BAD correlated with its dissociation from 14-3-3 in the cytosol and translocation to mitochondria where Bcl-xL resides. In hippocampal neurons, L-glutamate, an inducer of Ca2+ influx and calcineurin activation, triggered mitochondrial targeting of BAD and apoptosis, which were both suppressible by coexpression of a dominant-inhibitory mutant of calcineurin or pharmacological inhibitors of this phosphatase. Thus, a Ca2+-inducible mechanism for apoptosis induction operates by regulating BAD phosphorylation and localization in cells. (+info)

Fusicoccin, 14-3-3 proteins, and defense responses in tomato plants. (6/1483)

Fusicoccin (FC) is a fungal toxin that activates the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase by binding with 14-3-3 proteins, causing membrane hyperpolarization. Here we report on the effect of FC on a gene-for-gene pathogen-resistance response and show that FC application induces the expression of several genes involved in plant responses to pathogens. Ten members of the FC-binding 14-3-3 protein gene family were isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) to characterize their role in defense responses. Sequence analysis is suggestive of common biochemical functions for these tomato 14-3-3 proteins, but their genes showed different expression patterns in leaves after challenges. Different specific subsets of 14-3-3 genes were induced after treatment with FC and during a gene-for-gene resistance response. Possible roles for the H+-ATPase and 14-3-3 proteins in responses to pathogens are discussed. (+info)

Maintenance of G2 arrest in the Xenopus oocyte: a role for 14-3-3-mediated inhibition of Cdc25 nuclear import. (7/1483)

Cdc2-cyclin B1 in the G2-arrested Xenopus oocyte is held inactive by phosphorylation of Cdc2 at two negative regulatory sites, Thr14 and Tyr15. Upon treatment with progesterone, these sites are dephosphorylated by the dual specificity phosphatase, Cdc25, leading to Cdc2-cyclin B1 activation. Whereas maintenance of the G2 arrest depends upon preventing Cdc25-induced Cdc2 dephosphorylation, the mechanisms responsible for keeping Cdc25 in check in these cells have not yet been described. Here we report that Cdc25 in the G2-arrested oocyte is bound to 14-3-3 proteins and that progesterone treatment abrogates this binding. We demonstrate that Cdc25, apparently statically localized in the cytoplasm, is actually capable of shuttling in and out of the oocyte nucleus. Binding of 14-3-3 protein markedly reduces the nuclear import rate of Cdc25, allowing nuclear export mediated by a nuclear export sequence present in the N-terminus of Cdc25 to predominate. If 14-3-3 binding to Cdc25 is prevented while nuclear export is inhibited, the coordinate nuclear accumulation of Cdc25 and Cdc2-cyclin B1 facilitates their mutual activation, thereby promoting oocyte maturation. (+info)

The zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins interacts with the third intracellular loop of different alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes. (8/1483)

The alpha2-adrenergic receptors (alpha2ARs) are localized to and function on the basolateral surface in polarized renal epithelial cells via a mechanism involving the third cytoplasmic loop. To identify proteins that may contribute to this retention, [35S]Met-labeled Gen10 fusion proteins with the 3i loops of the alpha2AAR (Val217-Ala377), alpha2BAR (Lys210-Trp354), and alpha2CAR (Arg248-Val363) were used as ligands in gel overlay assays. A protein doublet of approximately 30 kDa in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells or pig brain cytosol (alpha2B >/= alpha2C>> alpha2A) was identified. The interacting protein was purified by sequential DEAE and size exclusion chromatography, and subsequent microsequencing revealed that they are the zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins. [35S]Met-14-3-3zeta binds to all three native alpha2AR subtypes, assessed using a solid phase binding assay (alpha2A>/=alpha2B> alpha2C), and this binding depends on the presence of the 3i loops. Attenuation of the alpha2AR-14-3-3 interactions in the presence of a phosphorylated Raf-1 peptide corresponding to its 14-3-3 interacting domain (residues 251-266), but not by its non-phosphorylated counterpart, provides evidence for the functional specificity of these interactions and suggests one potential interface for the alpha2AR and 14-3-3 interactions. These studies represent the first evidence for G protein-coupled receptor interactions with 14-3-3 proteins and may provide a mechanism for receptor localization and/or coordination of signal transduction. (+info)

"Prediction of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins and analysis of bacterial EF-hand proteins". Proteins. 65 (3): 643-55. doi: ... Notably, the protein contains three EF hand motifs that function as binding sites for Ca2+ ions. The protein is a member of the ... In the animals, the protein occurs together with the green fluorescent protein to produce green light by resonant energy ... Since then, the protein has been widely used as reported in many model biological systems, including zebrafish, rats, mice, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aequorin

Protein Science. 14 (3): 812-822. doi:10.1110/ps.04951405. ISSN 0961-8368. PMC 2279270. PMID 15722453. Hulver MW, Berggren JR, ... "Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency elevates insulin-signaling components and down-regulates protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B ... "Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency elevates insulin-signaling components and down-regulates protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B ... 3 (4): 271-80. doi:10.2174/1568008033340117. PMID 14683458. Shiwaku K, Hashimoto M, Kitajima K, Nogi A, Anuurad E, Enkhmaa B, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stearoyl-CoA_desaturase-1

Hydrogen bonds are (red) between protein, water (blue balls) and the cofactor PLP (purple). Figure 4 shows the alpha helices ( ... Koyata H, Hiraga K (February 1991). "The glycine cleavage system: structure of a cDNA encoding human H-protein, and partial ... Protein Science. 14 (3): 791-8. doi:10.1110/ps.041179105. PMC 2279282. PMID 15689518. "KEGG ENZYME Database Entry". Kyoto ... its activity is augmented by high-protein diets and starvation. During periods of low carbohydrates, serine is converted into ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine_dehydratase

Users can search the database for a particular motion by either protein name or Protein Data Bank ID number. Typically, however ... ISBN 978-0-470-18105-8. "Chapter 26 on Protein Motions". The Physics of Proteins: An Introduction to Biological Physics and ... users will enter the database via the Protein Data Bank, which often provides a hyperlink to the molmovdb entry for proteins ... Database of protein conformational diversity Gu, Jenny; Bourne, Philip E. (March 2009). Structural Bioinformatics (2nd ed.). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_of_Molecular_Motions

protein binding. • MHC class II protein complex binding. • protein heterodimerization activity. • enzyme binding. • poly(A) RNA ... identical protein binding. • macromolecular complex binding. • cadherin binding. • scaffold protein binding. Cellular component ... protein localization to nucleus. • cellular response to heat. • positive regulation of protein export from nucleus. • ... protein domain specific binding. • protein complex binding. • histone deacetylase binding. • potassium channel regulator ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YWHAE

The protein is nuclear in the M and G1 phases of the cell cycle and moves to the cytoplasm during S and G2. CDC25B has ... Draetta G, Eckstein J (1997). "Cdc25 protein phosphatases in cell proliferation". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1332 (2): M53-63. doi ... "Protein kinase CK2 regulates CDC25B phosphatase activity". Oncogene. 22 (2): 220-32. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206107. ISSN 0950-9232 ... 14 (20): 2485-95. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201063. PMID 9188863. Booher RN, Holman PS, Fattaey A (1997). "Human Myt1 is a cell cycle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDC25B

Forkhead box O6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXO6 gene. FoxO6 is expressed in the liver, skeletal muscle, and ... 5 (3): 233-40. doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12027. PMC 3657578. PMID 23324123. Qinyu L, Long C, Zhen-dong D, Min-min S, Wei-ze W, Wei- ... 587 (14): 2105-11. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2013.05.027. PMID 23714368. S2CID 38064268. v t e. ... Tzivion G, Dobson M, Ramakrishnan G (November 2011). "FoxO transcription factors; Regulation by AKT and 14-3-3 proteins". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOXO6

M-phase inducer phosphatase 1 also known as dual specificity phosphatase Cdc25A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ... In contrast, some invertebrates harbour two (e.g., the Drosophila proteins String and Twine) or four (e.g., C. elegans Cdc-25.1 ... Dual-specificity protein phosphatases remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine and serine / threonine residues. ... Coqueret O, Bérubé G, Nepveu A (1998). "The mammalian Cut homeodomain protein functions as a cell-cycle-dependent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDC25A

Protein targeting and import[edit]. See also: Protein targeting. The movement of so many chloroplast genes to the nucleus means ... Protein synthesis[edit]. See also: Transcription and translation. Protein synthesis within chloroplasts relies on an RNA ... A protein kinase drifting around on the outer chloroplast membrane can use ATP to add a phosphate group to the Toc34 protein, ... Proteins encoded by the chloroplast[edit]. Of the approximately three-thousand proteins found in chloroplasts, some 95% of them ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast_DNA

Raf kinases A-Raf kinase B-Raf kinase KSR1 protein KSR2 protein GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000441 - Ensembl, May ... Yuryev A, Wennogle LP (February 2003). "Novel raf kinase protein-protein interactions found by an exhaustive yeast two-hybrid ... a novel jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)-binding protein that functions as a Scaffold factor in the JNK signaling pathway". ... and the enzymes dedicated for removal of these phosphates are the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-Raf

"A helix-loop-helix protein related to the immunoglobulin E box-binding proteins". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 10 (8): 4384- ... "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173-8. Bibcode:2005Natur. ... Transcription factor EB is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TFEB gene.[5][6] ... 21] TFEB nuclear export is mediated by CRM1 and is dependent on phosphorylation.[22][23] TFEB is also a target of the protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TFEB

ER retention refers to proteins that are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, after folding; these are known as ER ... The classical ER retention signal is the C-terminal KDEL sequence for lumen bound proteins and KKXX for transmembrane ... These signals allow for retrieval from the Golgi apparatus by ER retention receptors, effectively maintaining the protein in ... resident proteins. Their localization to the ER often depends on certain sequences of amino acids located at the N-terminus or ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ER_retention

... +protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) v t e. ... or K2P18.1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNK18 gene. K2P18.1 is a potassium channel containing two pore- ... Czirják G, Vuity D, Enyedi P (2008). "Phosphorylation-dependent binding of 14-3-3 proteins controls TRESK regulation". J. Biol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCNK18

The protein can be a toxin, an apoptotic factor, or a viral protein. Toxins such as diphtheria toxin interfere with cellular ... "Regulation of telomerase activity and anti-apoptotic function by protein-protein interaction and phosphorylation". FEBS Letters ... Viral proteins like viral thymidine kinase can be used for specific targeting of a drug. By introducing a prodrug only ... hTERT introduction have an advantage over the use of viral protein for immortalization in that it does not involve the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomerase_reverse_transcriptase

... camp-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and CREB-binding protein (CBP). It has been proposed that recruitment of ... Mutant atrophin-1 proteins have been found in neuronal intranuclear inclusions (NII) and diffusely accumulated in the neuronal ... Atrophin-1 may be a dispensable or redundant protein as mice bred with a null allele for atrophin-1 produce viable and fertile ... It contains a putative nuclear localization signal in the N-terminus of the protein and a putative nuclear export signal in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dentatorubral–pallidoluysian_atrophy

This protein family is known for regulating signal transduction pathways primarily through binding phosphoserine proteins, ... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YWHAZ gene on chromosome 8. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the ... though it can also bind phosphothreonine proteins and unphosphorylated proteins. By extension, 14-3-3 proteins are involved in ... "New insights into potential functions for the protein 4.1 superfamily of proteins in kidney epithelium". Frontiers in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YWHAZ

However, the Hd3a protein is found in neither of these places but instead accumulates in the SAM which shows that Hd3a protein ... CO protein promotes transcription of another gene called Flowering Locus T (FT). By this mechanism, CO protein may only reach ... and is then translated into CO protein. However CO protein is stable only in light, so levels stay low throughout short days ... The FT protein resulting from the short period of CO transcription factor activity is then transported via the phloem to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florigen

T-cell leukemia homeobox protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLX2 gene. TLX2 has been shown to interact ... Tang SJ, Suen TC, McInnes RR, Buchwald M (September 1998). "Association of the TLX-2 homeodomain and 14-3-3eta signaling ... proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (39): 25356-63. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25356. PMID 9738002. v t e. ... "Association of the TLX-2 homeodomain and 14-3-3eta signaling proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (39): 25356-63 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLX2

Sialic acid is a negatively charged sugar associated with the protein and lipid portions of lipoproteins. To infect a host cell ... The cause was determined to be a histidine-to-tyrosine (amino acid) substitution at position 274 in its neuraminidase protein. ... A single hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein can combine neuraminidase and hemagglutinin functions, such as in mumps virus and ... Neuraminidase also cleaves sialic acid residues from viral proteins, preventing aggregation of viruses.[medical citation needed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_neuraminidase

ISBN 1-59745-189-4. Anson ML, Protein Denaturation and the Properties of Protein Groups, Advances in Protein Chemistry, 2, 361- ... Protein Sci. 4(10), 2138-2148 (1995) Robertson, A.D., Murphy, K.P. Protein structure and the energetics of protein stability, ( ... 1992) "Physical Basis for the Stability of the Folded Conformations of Proteins", in Protein Folding, TE Creighton, ed., W. H. ... "The use of high-pressure nuclear magnetic resonance to study protein folding". In Bai, Yawen; Nussinov, Ruth (eds.). Protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_unfolding

... is a mammalian gene encoding the protein CBL which is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in cell signalling and protein ... "The Cbl proteins are binding partners for the Cool/Pix family of p21-activated kinase-binding proteins". FEBS Lett. 550 (1-3): ... "The adapter type protein CMS/CD2AP binds to the proto-oncogenic protein c-Cbl through a tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated Src ... "The protein product of the c-cbl protooncogene is the 120-kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein in Jurkat cells activated via the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBL_(gene)

ISBN 978-3-318-02194-3. PMID 24925421 - via S. Karger AG. Cohen, Sheldon (March 2005). "The Ishizakas and the search for ... ISBN 978-3-662-11196-3. Richer, Alice C. (30 April 2009). Food Allergies. ABC-CLIO. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-313-35274-4. "Kimishige ... Kimishige "Kimi" Ishizaka (石坂公成, Ishizaka Kimishige, 3 December 1925 - 6 July 2018) was a Japanese immunologist who, with his ... Cruse, Julius M.; Lewis, Robert E. (14 March 2013). Atlas of Immunology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 20. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimishige_Ishizaka

Mutant p53 proteins often fail to induce MDM2, causing p53 to accumulate at very high levels. Moreover, the mutant p53 protein ... In addition to the full-length protein, the human TP53 gene encodes at least 15 protein isoforms, ranging in size from 3.5 to ... One such example, human papillomavirus (HPV), encodes a protein, E6, which binds to the p53 protein and inactivates it. This ... The full length p53 isoform proteins can be subdivided into different protein domains. Starting from the N-terminus, there are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P53

... allowing for Rab protein to change from its GDP to GTP bound state. Inhibition of the GTPase-activating domain leaves proteins ... Like all proteins, the unique amino acid arrangement in the primary sequence of GLUT4 is what allows it to transport glucose ... Two proteins with capacity to bind Ubc9 and conjugated to SUMO1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (22): 19783-91. doi: ... GLUT4+Protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) USCD-Nature molecule pages: The signaling ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLUT4

The alpha-2B adrenergic receptor (α2B adrenoceptor), is a G-protein coupled receptor. It is a subtype of the adrenergic ... This gene encodes the α2B subtype, which was observed to associate with eIF-2B, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein that ... Comparative analysis of the primary protein sequence of ADRA2B across placentals also showed the high conservation of residues ... "Regulation of adenylyl cyclase in polarized renal epithelial cells by G protein-coupled receptors". The American Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-2B_adrenergic_receptor

MAP3K5 gene coding for the protein is located on chromosome 6 at locus 6q22.33. and the transcribed protein contains 1,374 ... "Entrez Gene: MAP3K5 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5". Yoon KW, Cho JH, Lee JK, Kang YH, Chae JS, Kim YM, et al ... Zama T, Aoki R, Kamimoto T, Inoue K, Ikeda Y, Hagiwara M (June 2002). "Scaffold role of a mitogen-activated protein kinase ... It activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in a Raf-independent fashion in response ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASK1

... while the protein is more formally known as serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf. The B-Raf protein is involved in sending ... B-Raf is a member of the Raf kinase family of growth signal transduction protein kinases. This protein plays a role in ... Once B-Raf is activated, a conserved protein kinase catalytic core phosphorylates protein substrates by promoting the ... Hanks SK, Hunter T (May 1995). "Protein kinases 6. The eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily: kinase (catalytic) domain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRAF_(gene)

2006 Jun;16(3):183-92. Epub 2006 Apr 1. Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt; Review ... M-transition by binding to regulatory proteins and modulating their function. In most cases, the association with 14-3-3 ... proteins requires a specific phosphorylation of the protein ligand and mediates cell cycle arrest. 14-3-3 binding may lead to ... Effects of 14-3-3 proteins on cell cycle progression and the regulation of 14-3-3 activity during the cell cycle are reviewed ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16697662?dopt=Abstract

The 14-3-3 proteins are binding proteins that have been shown to interact with a wide array of enzymes involved in primary ... In this review, we examine the factors that may regulate the binding of 14-3-3s to their target proteins, and discuss their ... In most cases, the significance of binding of the 14-3-3 protein is not known. However, most of the interactions are ... Metabolic enzymes as targets for 14-3-3 proteins.. Huber SC1, MacKintosh C, Kaiser WM. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12516872?dopt=Abstract

... dimeric proteins distributed widely among eukaryotic cells. This protein family binds to a variety of proteins in a ... dimeric proteins distributed widely among eukaryotic cells. This protein family binds to a variety of proteins in a ... of PC12 proteins and identified the TH protein as a major constituent of the proteins that are co-immunoprecipitated with 14-3- ... 5 cytoskelton proteins, 18 nuclear proteins including transcription factors, 10 metabolic enzymes, and others. We previously ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4757-3538-3_11

... is part of an EU Framework IV Biotech-programme entitled Central Role in Adaptation of Fourteen Three Three proteins, and is ... 6, 341-347) by serving as docking proteins for receptors, kinases and phosphatases. In plants some 14-3-3 isoforms make up the ... translocation within the cell and docking to the respective targets proteins) will be studied by means of Green Fuorescent ... Candidates should have demonstrated experience and publications in biochemistry/protein chemistry and molecular biology. ...

http://bio.net/bionet/mm/plantbio/1997-June/014782.html

Reversible protein phosphorylation events are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of stomatal movements. However, in ... Among the phosphopeptide-binding proteins, the 14-3-3 proteins are the best characterized in plants. The 14-3-3s are found as ... Among the phosphopeptide-binding proteins, the 14-3-3 proteins are the best characterized in plants. The 14-3-3s are found as ... However, in some cases, phosphorylation alone is not sufficient to achieve complete protein regulation, but is necessary to ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2015.01210/full

The Bmh2 protein is , 70% identical to the mammalian epsilon-isoform and , 90% identical to a previously reported yeast 14-3-3 ... Now we report that one of the suppressor loci, BMH2/SCD3, encodes a protein of the 14-3-3 family. The 14-3-3 proteins are ... encoding a cAMP-dependent protein kinase, restores Bmh- yeast to viability. High-copy TPK1 did not rescue Chc- yeast. These ... protein encoded by BMH1. Single deletions of BMH1 or BMH2 have no discernable phenotypes, but deletion of both BMH1 and BMH2 is ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/92/25/11539?ijkey=bb9e79180a4735b82ca5c1b2c6eb3533a5d75c2e&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

We suggest that the target protein is attracted first by general protein-protein interaction motifs (the desolvation patches) ... Structural basis for protein-protein interactions in the 14-3-3 protein family. Xiaowen Yang, Wen Hwa Lee, Frank Sobott, ... Approximately 2 μl of protein solution (10-30 μM) was loaded per capillary. Protein samples were buffer exchanged into 20 mM ... 4, where red patches represent likely protein-protein interaction interfaces. No low-desolvation patches were observed for any ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/103/46/17237?ijkey=d4da217073d5c8d2a7aadc991f9fb4af6288127c&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

"Structural basis for protein-protein interactions in the 14-3-3 protein family". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (46): 17237- ... These proteins contain a number of known common modification domains, including regions for divalent cation interaction, ... To date, the crystal structures of six classes of these proteins have been resolved and deposited in the public domain.[ ... More than 200 signaling proteins have been reported as 14-3-3 ligands. Elevated amounts of 14-3-3 proteins in cerebrospinal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14-3-3_protein

Many signal transduction events are orchestrated by specific interactions of proteins mediated through discrete phosphopeptide- ... exclusively eukaryotic proteins with an astonishingly large number of binding partners. Consequently, 14-3-3s modulate an ... physical occlusion of sequence-specific or structural protein features; and (iii) scaffolding. This review will describe the ... A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein ... A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein ...

https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/2004/242/re10

The p53 tumour-suppressor protein is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor that induces cell cycle arrest or ... Both the levels of p53 protein and its affinity for specific DNA sequences increase in response to genotoxic stress. In vitro, ... The p53 tumour-suppressor protein is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor that induces cell cycle arrest or ... ATM-dependent activation of p53 involves dephosphorylation and association with 14-3-3 proteins Nat Genet. 1998 Jun;19(2):175-8 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9620776/?dopt=Abstract

A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein ... A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein ... A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein ... A Number of Functions for a Numbered Protein ...

https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/2005/296/re10/tab-figures-data

Ab40510 is a full length protein produced in Escherichia coli and has been validated in SDS-PAGE, MS. Abcam provides free ... Protein kinase C inhibitor protein 1. *Tyrosine 3 monooxygenase/tryptophan 5 monooxygenase activation protein, delta ... Proteins and Peptides. Proteomics tools. Agonists, activators, antagonists and inhibitors. Lysates. Multiplex Assays. By ... Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a ...

https://www.abcam.com/recombinant-human-14-3-3-zeta-protein-ab40510.html

References for Abcams Recombinant Human 14-3-3 Tau protein (ab70352). Please let us know if you have used this product in your ... Proteins and Peptides. Proteomics tools. Agonists, activators, antagonists and inhibitors. Lysates. Multiplex miRNA assays. By ...

https://www.abcam.com/recombinant-human-14-3-3-tau-protein-ab70352-references.html

The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex ... This protein in other organisms (by gene name): Q2QBT8 - Giardia intestinalis 2 * A8BJ73 - Giardia intestinalis no matching PDB ... Protein disorder predictions are based on JRONN (Troshin, P. and Barton, G. J. unpublished), a Java implementation of RONN * ... The Protein Feature View requires a browser that supports SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics). Mouse over tracks and labels for more ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/Q2QBT8

The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex ... Protein Feature View of PDB entries mapped to a UniProtKB sequence * Number of PDB entries for Q6P3U9: no matching PDB entries ... This protein in other organisms (by gene name): Q6P3U9 - Homo sapiens 0 * Q32P43 - Homo sapiens no matching PDB entries ... Protein disorder predictions are based on JRONN (Troshin, P. and Barton, G. J. unpublished), a Java implementation of RONN * ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/Q6P3U9

Positively regulates phosphorylated protein HSF1 nuclear export to the cytoplasm (PubMed:12917326). ... Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a ... to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.,p>,a href=/help/protein_names target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>Protein namesi. ... "Structural basis for protein-protein interactions in the 14-3-3 protein family.". Yang X., Lee W.H., Sobott F., Papagrigoriou E ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62258

Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a ... to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.,p>,a href=/help/protein_names target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>Protein namesi. ... "Structural basis for protein-protein interactions in the 14-3-3 protein family.". Yang X., Lee W.H., Sobott F., Papagrigoriou E ... PROSITE; a protein domain and family database. More...PROSITEi. View protein in PROSITE. PS00796 1433_1, 1 hit. PS00797 1433_ ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P27348

Members of a family of highly conserved proteins, termed 14-3-3 proteins, were found by several experimental approaches to ... Interaction of the protein kinase Raf-1 with 14-3-3 proteins ... Interaction of the protein kinase Raf-1 with 14-3-3 proteins ... Interaction of the protein kinase Raf-1 with 14-3-3 proteins ... Interaction of the protein kinase Raf-1 with 14-3-3 proteins ... Optimal complex formation required the amino-terminal regulatory domain of Raf-1. The association of 14-3-3 proteins and Raf-1 ...

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/266/5182/126?ijkey=2b1b3a92fe4757b44c98535feaf3afa07f164c6e&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... translationally controlled tumour protein (Tctp) and Rheb GTPase. Single knockdown of 14-3-3ɛ or 14-3-3ζ isoform does not show ... Depletion of 14-3-3s also reduces the level of phosphorylated S6 kinase, phosphorylated Thor/4E-BP and cyclin E (CycE). Growth ... 14-3-3 proteins physically interact with Tctp and Rheb. Knockdown of both 14-3-3 isoforms abolishes the binding between Tctp ... "14-3-3 proteins regulate Tctp-Rheb interaction for organ growth in Drosophila." Nature Communications 7 (1): 11501. doi:10.1038 ...

https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/27320373

... proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/14-3-3_protein_3D_structures" ... 14-3-3 protein 3D structures. From Proteopedia. Jump to: ... 3D structures of 14-3-3 protein. Updated on 25-May-2020 ...

http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/14-3-3_protein_3D_structures

Role of acidic chromatin proteins in high-affinity binding Biochem J (May,1976) ... Multiple roles for 14-3-3 proteins in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport A. Brunet; A. Brunet ... A. Brunet, F. Kanai, J. Stehn, M. E. Greenberg, M. B. Yaffe; Multiple roles for 14-3-3 proteins in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport ... Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 2002; 30 (3): A64. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst030a064a ...

https://portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/30/3/A64/79652/Multiple-roles-for-14-3-3-proteins-in-nucleo?redirectedFrom=fulltext

PorB outer membrane proteins are transmembrane proteins with 8 predicted surface-exposed loops (I-VIII), which vary in length ... proteins are the major proteins found in the outer membrane of Neisseria meningitidis (1); they function as porins, allowing ... Genetics protein I of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: construction of hybrid porins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988;85:6841-5. DOIPubMed ... The porB gene sequence shows VR1-4, which is exclusive of PorB3 protein, and VR2-Eb, VR3-2ab, and VR4-Cc, which are typical of ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/14/4/07-0869_article

Total protein extract was obtained as described (Easlon et al. 2008). About 15 μg of total proteins were loaded in each lane. ... Total protein extract was obtained by agitations using glass beads and the FastPrep beads beater. About 15 μg protein was ... Antibodies to total Bmh1 proteins (anti-Bmh1-total) and phosphorylated Bmh1 proteins (anti-Bmh1-pS238) were generated in ... Bmh proteins have been shown to interact with the retrograde response proteins (van Heusden and Steensma 2006), the stress- ...

http://www.genetics.org/content/183/4/1373

Deleting the 14-3-3 Protein Bmh1 Extends Life Span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Increasing Stress Response. Chen Wang, Craig ... Deleting the 14-3-3 Protein Bmh1 Extends Life Span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Increasing Stress Response. Chen Wang, Craig ... Deleting the 14-3-3 Protein Bmh1 Extends Life Span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Increasing Stress Response. Chen Wang, Craig ... Deleting the 14-3-3 Protein Bmh1 Extends Life Span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Increasing Stress Response ...

https://www.genetics.org/content/183/4/1373.article-info

14-3-3σ is a member of a highly conserved family of 14-3-3 proteins that has a double-edged sword role in human cancers. Former ... The interaction between the two monomers of 14-3-3σ in the open state is the same as that in the closed state. In both open and ... In this work, we found that the apo-14-3-3σ is in an open state compared with the phosphopeptide bound 14-3-3σ complex which is ... These results would be useful to evaluate the 14-3-3σ protein structure-function relationship. ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/15/2/2794

... a positive immunoassay for the 14-3-3 brain protein in cerebrospinal fluid strongly supports a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob ... Two proteins, designated 130 and 131, which have been detected in low concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with ... Methods: We detected proteins 130 and 131 in normal human brain, partially sequenced their amino acids, and found that they ... Attempts to identify these proteins, however, have been unsuccessful. We hypothesized that they may be present in the normal ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8782499/?dopt=Abstract

... Karlberg, Tobias ... By binding in the 14-3-3 phosphopeptide binding groove, an amphipathic C-terminal helix of ExoS and ExoT has been thought to be ... ADP-ribosyltransferase activities of Pseudomonas exotoxin-S and -T depend on 14-3-3 proteins inside the host cell. ... However, crystal structures of the 14-3-3 beta: ExoS and -ExoT complexes presented here reveal an extensive hydrophobic ...

http://umu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1253312&c=29&searchType=SIMPLE&language=en&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22journalId%22%3A%2219352%22%7D%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all

4). The protein with the lower molecular mass and pI was termed spot A, while the protein with the higher molecular mass and pI ... Decreased SGF14c/SGF14l mRNA and Protein Levels in RNAi-Silenced Tissues. The mRNA and protein levels of the SGF14c/SGF14l- ... IEF-2DE Analysis and Protein Identification. The IEF-2DE proteins were prepared as described by Wu et al. (2011). Briefly, ... 2011) Lysine acetylation is a widespread protein modification for diverse proteins in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 155: 1769-1778 ...

http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/160/4/2125

To identify proteins that may contribute to this retention, [35S]Met-labeled Gen10 fusion proteins with the 3i loops of the ... A protein doublet of approximately 30 kDa in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells or pig brain cytosol (alpha2B ,/= alpha2C, alpha2A ... To identify proteins that may contribute to this retention, [35S]Met-labeled Gen10 fusion proteins with the 3i loops of the ... A protein doublet of approximately 30 kDa in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells or pig brain cytosol (alpha2B ,/= alpha2C, alpha2A ...

https://www.rti.org/publication/zeta-isoform-14-3-3-proteins-interacts-third-intracellular-loop-different-alpha2

yellow fluorescent protein. MS. Murashige and Skoog. RFP. red fluorescent protein. GFP. green fluorescent protein. ... Type-1 ACS proteins contain target sites for both mitogen-activated protein kinase and calcium-dependent protein kinase ... Type-2 ACS proteins have only a putative calcium-dependent protein kinase target site, and type-3 ACS proteins have a short C- ... In Arabidopsis protoplasts, increased EOL2 protein led to a decrease in ACS5 protein levels (Figure 5B), suggesting that the ...

http://www.plantcell.org/content/25/3/1016

We previously showed, using PC12nnr5 cells transfected with myc-tagged 14-3-3β and η) isoforms, that 14-3-3s form a complex with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) particularly when the hydroxylase is phosphorylated at Ser-19 by endogeneous Ca 2+ , calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II 1 . (springer.com)
We have also shown that the TH protein is predominantly associated with 14-3-3ε and η isoforms, but not with ζ and θ isoforms. (springer.com)
In plants some 14-3-3 isoforms make up the receptor for the phytotoxin fusicoccin (see de Boer 1997, Trends Plant Sci. (bio.net)
The dynamic behaviour of 14-3-3 isoforms (viz. (bio.net)
The 14-3-3s are found as multiple isoforms in eukaryotes and have been shown to be involved in the regulation of stomatal movements. (frontiersin.org)
14-3-3 proteins have been found to be expressed in all eukaryotic organisms, in which they generally exist as multiple isoforms. (frontiersin.org)
The 14-3-3 proteins are abundant acidic proteins of approximately 30 kDa with numerous isoforms and a diverse array of reported functions. (pnas.org)
Previously, crystal structures of three 14-3-3 isoforms (zeta, sigma, and tau) have been reported, with structural data for two isoforms deposited in the Protein Data Bank (zeta and sigma). (pnas.org)
In this study, we provide structural detail for five 14-3-3 isoforms bound to ligands, providing structural coverage for all isoforms of a human protein family. (pnas.org)
All isoforms recognize two high-affinity phosphorylation-dependent 14-3-3 binding motifs: RSX pS XP (mode 1) and RXXX pS XP (mode 2), where pS represents a phosphoserine ( 12 - 14 ). (pnas.org)
It was previously thought that the 14-3-3 isoforms were not very specific with regard to target proteins, but more recent data suggest that the specificity may be high. (dissertations.se)
Knockdown of both 14-3-3 isoforms abolishes the binding between Tctp and Rheb, disrupting organ development. (harvard.edu)
Here, we demonstrate that 14-3-3 proteins interact with multiple 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase ( ACS ) isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana . (plantcell.org)
Protein interactions with 14-3-3 show distinct preference for its different isoforms and are regulated by phosphorylation of both 14-3-3 and the bound protein. (acris-antibodies.com)
1993) Antibodies against major brain isoforms of 14-3-3 protein. (acris-antibodies.com)
2011) The prognostic value of 14-3-3 isoforms in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma cases: 14-3-3ß and e are independent prognostic factors for these tumors. (acris-antibodies.com)
Western blots of 14-3-3 isoforms in HEK293 cell extracts using 14-3-3 antibodies.Lane 1: anti-gamma 14-3-3 (AP05567SU-N)Lane 2: anti-zeta 14-3-3 (AP05572SU-N)Lane 3: anti-C-epsilon-14-3-3 (AP05565SU-N)Lane 4: anti-N-epsilon-14-3-3 (AP05568SU-N)Lane 5: anti-eta 14-3-3. (acris-antibodies.com)
With multiple 14-3-3 isoforms and many more target proteins, it is difficult to assign specific biological functions to 14-3-3 proteins. (lancs.ac.uk)
There are 7 isoforms (including β, ε, η, γ, τ, ζ and σ) in the 14-3-3 family, with molecular masses ranging between 28 and 33 kDa ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Previous studies have revealed that certain isoforms of 14-3-3 protein family may inhibit cell apoptosis ( 16 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Therefore, we examined the expression of 14-3-3 proteins in mouse oocyte and egg extracts by Western blotting after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, viewed fixed cells by indirect immunofluorescence, and examined mouse ovarian cells by immunohistochemical staining to study the expression of the different 14-3-3 isoforms. (biomedcentral.com)
We have determined that all of the mammalian 14-3-3 isoforms are expressed in mouse eggs and ovarian follicular cells including oocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that mouse oocytes, eggs and follicular cells within the ovary express all seven isoforms of the 14-3-3 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
Examination of the differential expression of these 14-3-3 isoforms in female germ cells and ovarian follicles provides the foundation for further investigating 14-3-3 isoform-specific interactions with key proteins involved in ovarian development, meiosis and oocyte maturation. (biomedcentral.com)
This will lead to a better understanding of the individual functional roles of the 14-3-3 protein isoforms in mammalian oogenesis and female reproductive development. (biomedcentral.com)
It is known that different 14-3-3 isoforms can interact with the same ligand and so are somewhat interchangeable. (biomedcentral.com)
14-3-3 proteins are mainly localized in the synapses and neuronal cytoplasm, and seven isoforms have been identified in mammals. (sinobiological.com)
In order to address the question of 14-3-3 function at the level of the whole organism, we have started to analyze gene expression patterns of individual 14- 3-3 isoforms as well as their subcellular localization. (uni-tuebingen.de)
14-3-3 proteins were initially identified as abundant proteins in the brain, and there are seven separate genes or isoforms coding for these proteins present in mammals (denoted by Greek letters: β, γ, ε, ζ, η, τ, δ) ( Bridges and Moorhead, 2005 ). (jneurosci.org)

These proteins include at least 19 membrane components (receptors, ion channels and effectors), 22 signal transduction kinases and phosphatases, 5 cytoskelton proteins, 18 nuclear proteins including transcription factors, 10 metabolic enzymes, and others. (springer.com)
The 14-3-3 proteins are involved in the regulation of metabolism, signal transduction, cell-cycle control, apoptosis, protein trafficking, transcription, stress responses, and malignant transformation ( 5 , 6 ) mainly through binding to phosphopeptides, thus modulating signaling events. (pnas.org)
Many signal transduction events are orchestrated by specific interactions of proteins mediated through discrete phosphopeptide-binding motifs. (sciencemag.org)
Members of a family of highly conserved proteins, termed 14-3-3 proteins, were found by several experimental approaches to associate with Raf-1, a central component of a key signal transduction pathway. (sciencemag.org)
Protein phosphorylation is required for many biochemical functions of a cell, such as signal transduction, and 14-3-3 proteins are often involved in these reactions. (plantphysiol.org)
These studies represent the first evidence for G protein-coupled receptor interactions with 14-3-3 proteins and may provide a mechanism for receptor localization and/or coordination of signal transduction. (rti.org)
Hamartin and tuberin form a complex and antagonise phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/target of rapamycin signal transduction by inhibiting p70 S6 kinase, an activator of translation, and activating 4E-binding protein 1, an inhibitor of translation initiation. (biochemsoctrans.org)
As 14-3-3 proteins are key regulators of signal transduction processes, we investigated the effect of deletion of the 14-3-3 genes BMH1 or BMH2 on gene expression during potassium starvation and focused especially on the expression of genes involved in phosphate uptake. (biomedcentral.com)
The most significant of these include roles in the import of nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins, in the assembly of transcription factor complexes and in the regulation of enzyme activity in response to intracellular signal transduction cascades. (lancs.ac.uk)
14-3-3α/β is a member of the highly conserved 14-3-3 family of proteins which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins (1). (mybiosource.com)
This gene encodes a protein belonging to the 14-3-3 family of proteins, members of which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins. (mybiosource.com)
In this study, a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) was developed for detecting the signal transduction protein 14-3-3, a circulating antigen of Schistosoma japonicum . (biomedcentral.com)
14-3-3 proteins are a group of highly conserved proteins that are involved in many vital cellular processes such as metabolism, protein trafficking, signal transduction, apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. (sinobiological.com)
14-3-3 beta / YWHAB interacts with CDC25 phosphatases, RAF1 and IRS1 proteins, suggesting its role in diverse biochemical activities related to signal transduction, such as cell division and regulation of insulin sensitivity. (sinobiological.com)
The highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed 14-3-3 proteins regulate differentiation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis by binding intracellular phosphoproteins involved in signal transduction. (elsevier.com)
Accordingly, 14-3-3 homologs seem to complete signalinduced and phosphorylation-dependent transitions in protein activity and have emerged as key modulators of signal transduction events. (uni-tuebingen.de)
The 14-3-3 family plays a key regulatory role in signal transduction, checkpoint control, apoptotic and nutrient-sensing pathways. (ibl-america.com)

These genetic interactions suggest that budding-yeast 14-3-3 proteins are multifunctional and may play a role in both vesicular transport and Ras signaling pathways. (pnas.org)
Thus, 14-3-3 may be part of the cellular machinery that maintains cell survival, and targeting 14-3-3-ligand interactions may be a useful strategy to enhance the efficacy of conventional anticancer agents. (portlandpress.com)
citation needed] 14-3-3 proteins are structurally similar to the Tetratrico Peptide Repeat (TPR) superfamily, which generally have 9 or 10 alpha helices, and usually form homo- and/or hetero-dimer interactions along their amino-termini helices. (wikipedia.org)
Binding of 14-3-3 has little effect on Cdc25C activity, and it is believed that 14-3-3 regulates Cdc25C by sequestering it to the cytoplasm, thereby preventing the interactions with CycB-Cdk1 that are localized to the nucleus at the G2/M transition. (wikipedia.org)
There is evidence that 14-3-3 proteins play a role in plant-microbe interactions. (plantphysiol.org)
Attenuation of the alpha2AR-14-3-3 interactions in the presence of a phosphorylated Raf-1 peptide corresponding to its 14-3-3 interacting domain (residues 251-266), but not by its non-phosphorylated counterpart, provides evidence for the functional specificity of these interactions and suggests one potential interface for the alpha2AR and 14-3-3 interactions. (rti.org)
Recently, we have demonstrated by two different methods that lipoxgenases (LOXs) and 14-3-3 proteins form interactions in barley embryos [Holtman, Roberts, Oppedijk, Testerink, van Zeijl and Wang (2000) FEBS Lett. (tudelft.nl)
It was shown by both co-immunoprecipitations and surface-plasmon resonance experiments that 13-LOX, but not 9-LOX, forms interactions with 14-3-3 proteins. (tudelft.nl)
Second, interactions between 13-Lox and 14-3-3 were established by surface plasmon resonance studies, showing that 13-Lox binds with 14-3-3 proteins in a concentration-dependent manner. (tudelft.nl)
The interactions between 14-3-3 proteins and 13-Lox may reveal their role during plant development. (tudelft.nl)
This results in diversified gene expression profiles, making cells distinctively receptive to auxiliary environmental cues (e.g., cytokines and/or cell-cell interactions) and therefore shapes a particular functional behavior ( 2 , 3 ). (rupress.org)
We report first non-covalent and exclusively extracellular inhibitors of 14-3-3 protein - protein interactions identified by virtual screening. (rsc.org)
The cellular 14-3-3 'pool' enables these proteins to react to altered signaling cues in an immediate and precise way through dynamic interactions with their clients. (elifesciences.org)
Regulatory 14-3-3 protein-protein interactions in plant cells. (lancs.ac.uk)
The 14-3-3 proteins may function as adaptor molecules or scaffolds of protein-protein interactions, or act as localization anchors, controlling the subcellular localization of proteins, or as enzyme activity regulators, increasing or suppressing their catalytic activity ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Plant 14-3-3 proteins are phosphoserine-binding proteins that regulate a wide array of targets via direct protein-protein interactions. (ovid.com)
The proteins bind to a diverse set of target proteins and alter cellular function by binding to and causing conformational changes in target proteins or modifying target protein interactions with other proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Yaffe, Michael B. / TAZ : A novel transcriptional co-activator regulated by interactions with 14-3-3 and PDZ domain proteins . (elsevier.com)
BiFC represents a novel method for direct visualization of protein interactions in living cells and is based on complementation between two nonfluorescent fragments of the yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). (uni-tuebingen.de)
14-3-3 proteins regulated neuronal differentiation into neurons via direct interactions with phosphorylated δ-catenin to promote F-actin formation through a catenin/Rho GTPase/Limk1/cofilin signaling pathway. (jneurosci.org)

The 14-3-3sigma gene is induced by p53 and its product inhibits G(2)/M progression by cytoplasmatic sequestration of CDC2-cyclin B complexes. (nih.gov)
Plants have a 14-3-3 gene family with 6 to 10 members and it has been speculated that one isoform has more than one function. (bio.net)
Eukaryotes can tolerate the loss of a single 14-3-3 gene if multiple genes are expressed, however deletion of all 14-3-3s (as experimentally determined in yeast) results in death. (wikipedia.org)
Presence of large gene families of 14-3-3 proteins in the Viridiplantae kingdom reflects their essential role in plant physiology. (wikipedia.org)
The porB gene sequence shows VR1-4, which is exclusive of PorB3 protein, and VR2-Eb, VR3-2ab, and VR4-Cc, which are typical of PorB2 (GenBank accession no. (cdc.gov)
Plants have large 14-3-3 gene families, and many binding partners have been identified, though relatively few functions have been defined. (plantcell.org)
In plants, the gene families encoding the elements of the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system are greatly expanded relative to their animal counterparts ( Vierstra, 2009 ), suggesting a more prominent role for ubiquitin-based protein degradation in plant cells. (plantcell.org)
A gene on chromosome 8q23.1 that encodes an adapter protein which regulates a broad spectrum of general and specialised signalling pathways by binding to a large number of partners, usually by recognising a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. (thefreedictionary.com)
Firstly, we used RNAi to silence the most abundant tobacco pollen 14-3-3 gene, and secondly, we used a pollen-specific promoter to express a generic 14-3-3 inhibitor protein. (lancs.ac.uk)
To test the hypothesis that PPARδ targets 14-3-3ε in endothelial cells, we studied the response of the gene that encodes 14-3-3ε in humans, YWHAE , to PPARδ ligands (L-165,041 and GW501516). (ahajournals.org)
Our work uncovers a novel role for C/EBPβ as a mediator of PPARδ-dependent 14-3-3ε gene regulation in human endothelial cells and provides insight into the mechanism by which PPARδ agonists may be beneficial in atherosclerosis. (ahajournals.org)
The 3 isotypes identified in vertebrates, PPARα (NR1C1), PPARδ (NR1C2), and PPARγ (NR1C3), regulate target gene expression by binding to specific PPAR response elements (PPREs) as a heterodimer with a retinoid X receptor. (ahajournals.org)
Ten members of the FC-binding 14-3-3 protein gene family were isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) to characterize their role in defense responses. (lancs.ac.uk)
Different specific subsets of 14-3-3 genes were induced after treatment with FC and during a gene-for-gene resistance response. (lancs.ac.uk)
NCBI/Uniprot data below describe general gene information for 14-3-3 alpha/beta . (mybiosource.com)
Two transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been identified for this gene. (mybiosource.com)
YWHAH, the gene encoding the 14-3-3eta isoform, is highly expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGC). (sinobiological.com)
2002) Isolation and structure of the mouse 14-3-3 eta chain gene and the distribution of 14-3-3 eta mRNA in the mouse brain. (sinobiological.com)
Death-associated protein 6 also known as Daxx is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DAXX gene. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a multifunctional protein that resides in multiple locations in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)

These results indicate that the activity of TH is regulated through phosphorylation-dependent interaction with limited members of the 14-3-3 family. (springer.com)
Ichimura T., Itagaki C., Wakamiya A., Isobe T. (2002) Interaction of Tyrosine Hydroxylase and 14-3-3 Proteins in PC12 Cells. (springer.com)
A comparative structural analysis of the seven 14-3-3 proteins revealed specificity determinants for binding of phosphopeptides in a specific orientation, target domain interaction surfaces and flexible adaptation of 14-3-3 proteins through domain movements. (pnas.org)
These results show that the 14-3-3 proteins are adaptable structures in which internal flexibility is likely to facilitate recognition and binding of their interaction partners. (pnas.org)
Examples of well validated 14-3-3 interaction partners are the proto-oncogene RAF-1 ( 7 - 9 ) and the cell-cycle regulatory phosphatases Cdc25C/B ( 10 , 11 ). (pnas.org)
refs 14,15), neither Ser376 dephosphorylation, nor the interaction of p53 with 14-3-3 proteins occurred in AT cells. (nih.gov)
These proteins contain a number of known common modification domains, including regions for divalent cation interaction, phosphorylation & acetylation, and proteolytic cleavage, among others established and predicted. (wikipedia.org)
Single knockdown of 14-3-3ɛ or 14-3-3ζ isoform does not show obvious defects in organ development but causes synergistic genetic interaction with Tctp and Rheb to impair tissue growth. (harvard.edu)
This study suggests a novel mechanism of Tor regulation mediated by 14-3-3 interaction with Tctp and Rheb. (harvard.edu)
The interaction between the two monomers of 14-3-3σ in the open state is the same as that in the closed state. (mdpi.com)
This interaction increases the stability of the ACS proteins. (plantcell.org)
In contrast with ACS , the interaction with 14-3-3 destabilizes the ETO1/EOLs. (plantcell.org)
These studies demonstrate that regulation of ethylene biosynthesis occurs by a mechanism in which 14-3-3 proteins act through a direct interaction and stabilization of ACS and through decreasing the abundance of the ubiquitin ligases that target a subset of ACS proteins for degradation. (plantcell.org)
The main aim of this PhD project will be characterization of structural changes in the formation of protein fibrils due to different phosphorylation state and the interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. (findaphd.com)
The physical interaction between HopQ1 and 14-3-3a was confirmed in planta using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy technique. (plantphysiol.org)
Optimization by crystal structure analysis and in vitro binding assays yielded compounds capable of disrupting the interaction of 14-3-3σ with aminopeptidase N in a cellular assay. (rsc.org)
14-3-3 Proteins are a class of regulatory protein that affect the activity of a wide range of targets by direct protein-protein interaction. (lancs.ac.uk)
These data clearly indicate a requirement for the CTR1-14-3-3 interaction for normal ethylene signalling in Arabidopsis. (lancs.ac.uk)
14-3-3 proteins bind phosphoproteins and change their activity, localization, or protein interaction. (rupress.org)
Blocking the interaction between PIF7 and 14-3-3 proteins or reducing the expression of 14-3-3 proteins accelerates shade-induced nuclear localization and de-phosphorylation of PIF7, and enhances the shade phenotype. (elifesciences.org)
Identification of the site of interaction of the 14-3-3 protein with phosphorylated tryptophan hydroxylase. (harvard.edu)
The 14-3-3 protein family may regulates protein interaction, transportation and cellular localization. (spandidos-publications.com)
Zhong et al ( 6 ) demonstrated that inhibiting the interaction of 14-3-3ε with chloride intracellular channel protein 4 enhanced autophagy and contributed to mitochondrial and ER stress-induced apoptosis under starvation conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Binding of 14-3-3-β to TSC2 did not alter the interaction between TSC1 and TSC2, but it reduced the ability of the complex to inhibit phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase impairing the ability of the complex to inhibit cell growth. (mybiosource.com)
1997) Interaction of the ligand-activated glucocorticoid receptor with the 14-3-3 eta protein. (sinobiological.com)
In addition, we have established an appropriate method for the identification of the protein kinase(s) mediating this important regulatory interaction. (uni-tuebingen.de)
In addition we have established a proteomic approach to identify novel target polypeptides whose interaction with 14-3-3 proteins will be studied at the molecular and cellular level. (uni-tuebingen.de)
The functional relevance of this interaction was established in opossum kidney cells expressing a 14-3-3 dominant negative mutant, where dopamine failed to decrease Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity and to promote its endocytosis. (mysciencework.com)
Daxx, a Death domain-associated protein, was first discovered through its cytoplasmic interaction with the classical death receptor Fas. (wikipedia.org)
Several additional interacting proteins are known, but not always is there an understanding of the specific function and relevance of this interaction. (wikipedia.org)

Overexpression of BMH genes also partially suppresses the temperature sensitivity of the cdc25-1 mutant, and high-copy TPK1, encoding a cAMP-dependent protein kinase, restores Bmh- yeast to viability. (pnas.org)
14-3-3 proteins promote survival in part by antagonizing the activity of associated proapoptotic proteins, including Bad and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1). (portlandpress.com)
Depletion of 14-3-3s also reduces the level of phosphorylated S6 kinase, phosphorylated Thor/4E-BP and cyclin E (CycE). (harvard.edu)
Calorie restriction (CR) and conserved nutrient-sensing target of rapamycin (TOR) and protein kinase A (PKA) pathways have also been suggested to extend life span by increasing stress response, which protects cells from age-dependent accumulation of oxidative damages. (genetics.org)
Type-1 ACS proteins contain target sites for both mitogen-activated protein kinase and calcium-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation. (plantcell.org)
Type-2 ACS proteins have only a putative calcium-dependent protein kinase target site, and type-3 ACS proteins have a short C-terminal domain with no recognized phosphorylation sites ( Chae and Kieber, 2005 ). (plantcell.org)
For instance, LAT binds phospholipase C (PLC)-γ1 ( 5 ), which regulates Ca 2+ - and diacylglycerol-dependent events (e.g., activation of the NFAT transcription factor and protein kinase C [PKC]), and Grb2, which recruits the Ras-specific activator SOS or the E3-ubiquitin ligase Casitas B lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene ( 8 ). (rupress.org)
14-3-3 gamma is a member of the 14-3-3 family which consists of 30 kDa proteins that are involved in multiple protein kinase signalling pathways, regulation of cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal structure, transcription, intracellular trafficking and targeting. (acris-antibodies.com)
Further phosphorylation by Aurora B kinase can release Ncd from this inhibitory effect of 14-3-3. (rupress.org)
Previously, 14-3-3ε has been reported to bind with heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) through the extracellular signal regulated kinase/glycogen synthase kinase 3/14-3-3ε pathway, thus suppressing HSF1 activity during cellular proliferation ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The 14-3-3 protein translates the NA+,K+-ATPase {alpha}1-subunit phosphorylation signal into binding and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase during endocytosis. (mysciencework.com)
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase molecules in response to G protein-coupled receptor signals is triggered by phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit and the binding of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (mysciencework.com)
In this study, we describe a molecular mechanism linking phosphorylation of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit to binding and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (mysciencework.com)
Activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase by dopamine during Na(+),K(+)-ATPase endocytosis requires the binding of the kinase to a proline-rich domain within the alpha-subunit, and this effect was blocked by the presence of a 14-3-3 dominant negative mutant. (mysciencework.com)
Thus, the 14-3-3 protein represents a critical linking mechanism for recruiting phosphoinositide 3-kinase to the site of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase endocytosis. (mysciencework.com)
After Fas stimulation, Daxx is activated and plays its role of pro-apoptotic protein in activating the c-JUN-N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway. (wikipedia.org)

In this review, we examine the factors that may regulate the binding of 14-3-3s to their target proteins, and discuss their possible roles in the regulation of the activity and proteolytic degradation of enzymes involved in primary carbon and nitrogen metabolism. (nih.gov)
The seven members of the human 14-3-3 protein family regulate a diverse range of cell signaling pathways by formation of protein-protein complexes with signaling proteins that contain phosphorylated Ser/Thr residues within specific sequence motifs. (pnas.org)
14-3-3s are involved in numerous processes in the cell and they typically bind to phosphorylated motifs in other proteins and regulate their activities. (dissertations.se)
14-3-3 family proteins regulate multiple signalling pathways. (harvard.edu)
Here we provide evidence that 14-3-3 proteins regulate two interacting components of Tor signalling in Drosophila, translationally controlled tumour protein (Tctp) and Rheb GTPase. (harvard.edu)
Substrate adaptors, such as the ETO1/EOLs, regulate the accessibility of substrate proteins to the CUL3 ligase for ubiquitination, and their availability is important for the ubiquitination and, thus, stability of the cognate substrates. (plantcell.org)
14-3-3 gamma binds and may regulate CDK11 during the cell cycle and apoptosis. (acris-antibodies.com)
Various factors affecting the oligomeric status of 14-3-3 proteins can thus regulate the balance between regulatory phosphomotif binding and genuine chaperone-like activity. (ovid.com)
The ubiquitous and mighty 14-3-3 proteins regulate a plethora of cellular processes via coordinated binding to hundreds of specifically phosphorylated partners. (ovid.com)
YWHAS has been repoted to interact with KRT17 and GAB2, and may regulate protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway upon binding to KRT17. (sinobiological.com)
In conclusion, 14-3-3 proteins promote the cell-surface transport of correctly assembled complexes but do not regulate the activity of KATP channels at the cell surface. (ox.ac.uk)
In the cytoplasm, the encoded protein may function to regulate apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)

14-3-3 proteins in cell cycle regulation. (nih.gov)
In addition, 14-3-3 proteins have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of CDK-inhibitors as they modulate the transcription factors p53, FOXO and MIZ1. (nih.gov)
Effects of 14-3-3 proteins on cell cycle progression and the regulation of 14-3-3 activity during the cell cycle are reviewed in this chapter. (nih.gov)
This protein family binds to a variety of proteins in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and participates in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and function. (springer.com)
A postdoctoral position is available to investigate the role of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase and nitrate reductase, an enzyme which is located in the cytosol. (bio.net)
Reversible protein phosphorylation events are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of stomatal movements. (frontiersin.org)
However, in some cases, phosphorylation alone is not sufficient to achieve complete protein regulation, but is necessary to mediate the binding of interactors that modulate protein function. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we describe the current knowledge about 14-3-3 roles in the regulation of their binding partners in guard cells: receptors, ion pumps, channels, protein kinases, and some of their substrates. (frontiersin.org)
Regulation of these targets by 14-3-3 proteins is discussed and related to their function in guard cells during stomatal movements in response to abiotic or biotic stresses. (frontiersin.org)
Reversible protein phosphorylation is recognized as one of the most important post-translational modifications in eukaryotes, playing major roles in the regulation of cellular processes ( Cohen, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. (abcam.com)
Multisite phosphorylation and structural flexibility allow for complex regulation of proteins through cellular signaling. (uib.no)
Phosphorylation-dependent binding between tuberin and members of the 14-3-3 protein family indicates how the tuberin-hamartin complex may interact with upstream and downstream effectors, and suggests how phosphorylation-dependent regulation of the complex may be controlled. (biochemsoctrans.org)
The binding of 14-3-3 gamma to glial fibrillary acidic protein is important in the regulation of glial filaments. (acris-antibodies.com)
Spatial regulation of motor and nonmotor microtubule-associated proteins is crucial to overcoming these challenges. (rupress.org)
In this study, we tried to investigate which mechanism plays more important role in the 14‐3‐3 σ regulation, how the change of the 14‐3‐3 σ expression affect the biology of human breast cancer, and hence to extend our understanding of the role of the 14‐3‐3 σ in human breast cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
To investigate the role of methylation in regulation of 14‐3‐3 σ, we examined the methylation status of 14‐3‐3 σ promoter in human breast carcinoma tissue by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction. (aacrjournals.org)
These results suggest that 14‐3‐3 σ may be regulated by both mechanisms i.e. ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis by Efp and down‐regulation by hypermethylation in human breast cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
therefore, 14-3-3ε serves functions in the regulation of the cell cycle ( 3 , 4 ) and apoptosis ( 5 - 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Proper CAR formation and constriction is heavily reliant on the temporal regulation, phosphorylation, and localization of key proteins. (gvsu.edu)
14-3-3 proteins have been identified as adapter proteins implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathway. (sinobiological.com)
These proteins associate with many intracellular proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes including regulation of the cell cycle, metabolism and protein trafficking. (biomedcentral.com)
There is also interest in understanding the role of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of oogenesis and the cell cycle during oocyte maturation and in early development. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation of plant potassium channels by G proteins and 14-3-3 proteins. (mpg.de)
Our findings provide new evidence that 14-3-3 proteins play important roles in neurogenesis and neuronal migration via the regulation of distinct signaling cascades. (jneurosci.org)

Indeed, expression of 14-3-3 inhibitor peptides in cells is sufficient to induce apoptosis. (portlandpress.com)
Interestingly, these 14-3-3 antagonist peptides can sensitize cells for effective killing by anticancer agents such as cisplatin. (portlandpress.com)
14-3-3 binds to peptides. (wikipedia.org)

The name for the protein family is tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein family (YWHA). (biomedcentral.com)
Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L -tyrosine to L -3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine ( L -DOPA). (wikipedia.org)

To date, more than 70 proteins, localized in the cell membrane to nuclei, are reported to bind with the 14-3-3 family. (springer.com)
The 14-3-3s form a family of highly conserved proteins found in all eukaryotes that bind to phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-containing motifs. (frontiersin.org)
that bind, in most cases, to phosphorylated target proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Although several phosphospecific-binding domains are now known, 14-3-3s were the first proteins recognized to specifically bind a discrete phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. (sciencemag.org)
14-3-3 proteins have the ability to bind a multitude of functionally diverse signaling proteins, including kinases, phosphatases, and transmembrane receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Some R proteins have been shown to bind 14-3-3 proteins directly. (plantphysiol.org)
14-3-3 proteins bind to a conserved consensus phosphorylation motif, RXXpS, which is targeted by Sid2 and other NDR-kinases. (gvsu.edu)
This family of proteins was initially identified as adaptor proteins which bind to phosphoserine-containing motifs. (sinobiological.com)
By screening in vitro translated cDNA pools for the ability to bind 14-3-3, we identified a novel transcriptional co-activator, TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) as a 14-3-3-binding molecule. (elsevier.com)
TAZ uses this same motif to bind the PDZ domain-containing protein NHERF-2, a molecule that tethers plasma membrane ion channels and receptors to cytoskeletal actin. (elsevier.com)

There are common recognition motifs for 14-3-3 proteins that contain a phosphorylated serine or threonine residue, although binding to non-phosphorylated ligands has also been reported. (wikipedia.org)
The ubiquitous eukaryotic 14-3-3 proteins coordinate multiple cellular processes due to their well-known regulatory function, which is based on specific recognition of phosphorylated motifs in their partners. (ovid.com)
Binding motifs and potential functions of 14-3-3 proteins are now recognized to have a wide range of functional relevance. (sinobiological.com)
Current results show that a 14-3-3 dimer is simultaneously occupied by two entire binding motifs of the H+-pump - each consisting of two nonclassical sites - in an antiparallel fashion and an unusual conformation. (uni-tuebingen.de)

14-3-3 interacts with the kinesin-14 Ncd and prevents it from binding to microtubules, but further phosphorylation by Aurora B releases Ncd from 14-3-3 to allow Ncd binding to microtubules. (rupress.org)
PIF7 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The C-terminal domain of this H+-ATPase interacts with 14-3-3 proteins in the yeast two-hybrid system. (deepdyve.com)
14-3-3-β interacts with the TSC1-TSC2 dimer (2). (mybiosource.com)
2008) Sirt2 interacts with 14-3-3 beta/gamma and down-regulates the activity of p53. (sinobiological.com)
It interacts with a wide variety of proteins, such as apoptosis antigen Fas, centromere protein C, and transcription factor erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1 (ETS1). (wikipedia.org)
Daxx interacts with the TGF-β type II receptor by binding of C-terminal domain of the protein. (wikipedia.org)

These studies have revealed that 14-3-3 proteins can interact with the phosphorylated forms of their client proteins in response to certain signals, and that this binding finalizes the signaling event by enabling a change in the subcellular localization, protein stability or intrinsic enzymatic activity of the client, or by promoting an association between the client and other proteins. (elifesciences.org)
Subcellular localization of N protein. (asm.org)
14-3-3 proteins function by interacting with other signal-transducing proteins and effecting changes in their enzymatic activity and subcellular localization. (uchicago.edu)
The subcellular localization and function of this protein are modulated by post-translational modifications, including sumoylation, phosphorylation and polyubiquitination. (wikipedia.org)

We found that phosphodocking 14-3-3 proteins stabilize spindle bipolarity in Drosophila melanogaster oocytes. (rupress.org)

The 14-3-3 proteins are binding proteins that have been shown to interact with a wide array of enzymes involved in primary biosynthetic and energy metabolism in plants. (nih.gov)
The 14-3-3 proteins form homo- and heterodimers ( 2 , 3 ) that have been shown to interact with a large number of proteins, e.g., γ was shown in a yeast two-hybrid study to have as many as 130 potential binding partners ( 4 ). (pnas.org)
Recently, a small number of proteins that interact with 14-3-3 proteins via a C-terminal phosphorylation motif have also been identified ( 20 , 21 ). (pnas.org)
To date, 104 proteins have been shown to interact with 14-3-3s of which 85 are found in mammals and yeast, and 21 are found in plants. (dissertations.se)
They are believed to interact with the protein Activation-Induced (Cytidine) Deaminase in mediating class switch recombination. (wikipedia.org)
14-3-3 proteins physically interact with Tctp and Rheb. (harvard.edu)
In barley, 14-3-3 proteins were suggested to form a complex with an H + -ATPase to trigger defense, whereas in Arabidopsis, a 14-3-3 protein was reported to interact with the plant resistance protein RPW8.2 to affect the host response. (plantphysiol.org)
14-3-3s also interact with the ETHYLENE-OVERPRODUCER1 (ETO1)/ETO1-LIKE (EOLs), a group of three functionally redundant proteins that are components of a CULLIN-3 E3 ubiquitin ligase that target a subset of the ACS proteins for rapid degradation by the 26S proteasome. (plantcell.org)
Amounts of 13-LOX and 14-3-3 proteins in high-molecular-mass fractions increased during germination, but were reduced after dephosphorylation of protein extracts or competition with the 14-3-3-binding peptide P-Raf-259, indicating that 13-LOX and 14-3-3 proteins interact in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. (tudelft.nl)
Plant 14-3-3 proteins interact specifically with wheat germ lysate-synthesized chloroplast precursor proteins and require an intact phosphorylation motif within the transit sequence. (plantcell.org)
Chloroplast precursor proteins do not interact with 14-3-3 when synthesized in the heterologous reticulocyte lysate. (plantcell.org)
Do 14-3-3 proteins and plasma membrane H+-ATPases interact in the barley epidermis in response to the barley powdery mildew fungus? (deepdyve.com)
14-3-3α/β protein has been shown to interact with RAF1 and CDC25 phosphatases, suggesting that it may play a role in linking mitogenic signaling and the cell cycle machinery. (mybiosource.com)
Rad24 is a 14-3-3 protein involved in cell cycle checkpoints known to interact with CAR proteins and some of their regulators. (gvsu.edu)

Raf-1 Bad - see Bcl-2 Bax Cdc25 Akt SOS1 - see RSK YWHAB - "14-3-3 beta" YWHAE - "14-3-3 epsilon" YWHAG - "14-3-3 gamma" YWHAH - "14-3-3 eta" YWHAQ - "14-3-3 tau" YWHAZ - "14-3-3 zeta" SFN or YWHAS - "14-3-3 sigma" (Stratifin) The 14-3-3 proteins alpha and delta (YWHAA and YWHAD) are phosphorylated forms of YWHAB and YWHAZ, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
The interacting protein was purified by sequential DEAE and size exclusion chromatography, and subsequent microsequencing revealed that they are the zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins. (rti.org)
1996) Assignment of the human genes encoding 14,3-3 Eta (YWHAH) to 22q12, 14-3-3 zeta (YWHAZ) to 2p25.1-p25.2, and 14-3-3 beta (YWHAB) to 20q13.1 by in situ hybridization. (sinobiological.com)
A DNA sequence encoding the Mus musculus (Mouse) 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta, was expressed in the hosts and tags indicated. (enquirebio.com)

There are seven genes that encode seven distinct 14-3-3 proteins in most mammals (See Human genes below) and 13-15 genes in many higher plants, though typically in fungi they are present only in pairs. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we report that the Glyma0529080 Soybean G-box Factor 14-3-3c ( SGF14c ) and Glyma08g12220 ( SGF14l ) genes, encoding 14-3-3 proteins, appear to play essential roles in soybean nodulation. (plantphysiol.org)
The full genome sequencing of numerous plant species has allowed for the reliable identification of 14-3-3 genes in plants by sequence homology. (plantphysiol.org)
18 14-3-3 genes were identified and named Soybean G-box Factor 14-3-3a ( SGF14a ) to SGF14r ( Li and Dhaubhadel, 2011 ). (plantphysiol.org)
In plants such as Arabidopsis and tomato, 14-3-3s are encoded by a family of around 12-13 genes. (lancs.ac.uk)
Our data indicate that that yeast cells can be in either of two states, expressing or not expressing genes required for high-affinity phosphate uptake and that 14-3-3 proteins are involved in the process(es) that establish the activation state of the PHO regulon. (biomedcentral.com)
Sequence analysis is suggestive of common biochemical functions for these tomato 14-3-3 proteins, but their genes showed different expression patterns in leaves after challenges. (lancs.ac.uk)
There are seven genes that encode 14-3-3s in most mammals. (sinobiological.com)
The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of highly conserved, homologous proteins encoded by separate genes. (biomedcentral.com)

abstract = "The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is a biotechnologically important organism having an excellent capability to secrete hydrolytic enzymes e.g. cellulases.Allthough the protein production technology is well established, the protein secretion apparatus of T. reesei is still insufficiently known. (vtt.fi)

14-3-3 proteins play a key role in coordinating multiple signalling pathways (see Aitken 1996, Trends Cell Biol. (bio.net)
4. Nagy, G., Oostenbrink, C., and Hritz, J. Exploring the binding pathways of the 14-3-3ζ protein: Structural and free-energy profiles revealed by Hamiltonian replica exchange molecular dynamics with distancefield distance restraints. (findaphd.com)

Recent evidence that 14-3-3 proteins interfere with protein aggregate formation suggests they can also display a distinct, usually phosphorylation-independent, chaperone-like activity, which we review here as their 'moonlighting' function, which is of particular relevance in the context of neurodegenerative disorders. (ovid.com)
Also, there is some evidence that 14-3-3 proteins play a role in complex neuropsychiatric disorders. (jneurosci.org)

In most cases, the association with 14-3-3 proteins requires a specific phosphorylation of the protein ligand and mediates cell cycle arrest. (nih.gov)

The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-binding molecules that control the function of a wide array of cellular proteins. (portlandpress.com)
Phosphorylation of Cdc25C by CDS1 and CHEK1 creates a binding site for the 14-3-3 family of phosphoserine binding proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, mass spectrometric analyses detected specific phosphorylation of the canonical 14-3-3 binding site (RSXpSXP, where pS denotes phosphoserine) located in the amino-terminal region of HopQ1. (plantphysiol.org)
C) pCDNA3.1 (lane 2) or pCDNA3.1 N (lanes 1 and 3)-transfected and 35 S Promix-labeled cells were immunoprecipitated with anti-Myc antibody and Western blotted with phosphoserine antibody. (asm.org)
19,20 Notably, 14-3-3 proteins were the first molecules identified as discrete binding partners of phosphoserine/threonine (pSer/Thr) residues in proteins, recognizing the sequence RSXpSXP or RXXXpSXP. (ahajournals.org)
14-3-3 proteins were the first molecules to be identified as discrete phosphoserine/ threonine binding modules and are highly conserved in both the animal and plant kingdoms. (uni-tuebingen.de)

Roles for plant 14-3-3 proteins in signalling and development. (lancs.ac.uk)
Many biological roles for plant 14-3-3 proteins have been suggested in recent months. (lancs.ac.uk)

In the nucleus, the encoded protein functions as a potent transcription repressor that binds to sumoylated transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)

When bound to KRT17, stratifin regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth by stimulating the AKT/MTOR pathway. (thefreedictionary.com)
14-3-3 beta / YWHAB binding negatively regulates RSK1 activity to maintain signal specificity and that association/dissociation of the 14-3-3beta-RSK1 complex is likely to be important for mitogen-mediated RSK1 activation. (sinobiological.com)
Reversible phosphorylation of proteins is the most widespread signaling mechanism and regulates almost all aspects of cellular life. (uni-tuebingen.de)

Phosphorylation-dependent and -independent binding have been shown to be targeted to the same site of the 14-3-3 proteins ( 18 ). (pnas.org)
These studies demonstrate a phosphorylation-dependent translocation of PIF7 when plants are in shade and a novel mechanism involving 14-3-3 proteins, mediated by the retention of PIF7 in the cytoplasm that suppresses the shade response. (elifesciences.org)
Members of the 14-3-3 family are key proteins in a number of intracellular events, particularly those involving phosphorylation-dependent switching. (biomedcentral.com)

14-3-3 proteins are highly conserved chaperone-like proteins that play important roles in many cellular processes. (genetics.org)
14-3-3 proteins play particularly important roles in coordinating progression of cells through the cell cycle, regulating their response to DNA damage, and influencing life-death decisions following internal injury or external cytokine-mediated cues (Ref.1 and 2). (proteinlounge.com)
Here, we describe two different approaches that identify roles for 14-3-3 proteins in signalling and plant development. (lancs.ac.uk)
kinesin-14), which has well-documented roles in stabilizing a bipolar spindle in oocytes. (rupress.org)
Drosophila therefore provides an advantage in defining in vivo roles of 14-3-3. (rupress.org)
Collinge, David 2004-10-13 00:00:00 14-3-3 proteins form a family of highly conserved proteins with central roles in many eukaryotic signalling networks. (deepdyve.com)
Possible roles for the H+-ATPase and 14-3-3 proteins in responses to pathogens are discussed. (lancs.ac.uk)

14-3-3 sigma (also called stratifin or SFN), a tumor suppressor, is a member of a highly conserved family of 14-3-3 proteins that are present in all eukaryotic organisms. (proteinlounge.com)
14‐3‐3 sigma (σ) is a negative regulator of the cell cycle and contributes to G2/M arrest. (aacrjournals.org)
The Efp‐positive cases were more frequently 14‐3‐3 sigma‐negative. (aacrjournals.org)
14-3-3 protein sigma (YWHAS), also known as stratifin (SFN) and epithelial cell marker protein 1, is a member of the14-3-3 proteins which are a family of conserved regulatory molecules expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (sinobiological.com)
Amino acids M1 - S248 (end) of human 14-3-3 sigma. (dundee.ac.uk)

Both of these designations are currently used for Arabidopsis 14-3-3s in the literature. (frontiersin.org)
Secondly, we have identified the Arabidopsis ethylene signalling protein, CTR1, as a 14-3-3-interacting protein. (lancs.ac.uk)
Here, we demonstrate a shade induction of the nuclear localization of dephosphorylated PIF7 and a role for the 14-3-3 proteins in the cytoplasmic retention of PIF7 in Arabidopsis . (elifesciences.org)

14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved regulatory molecules that are expressed in all eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)

In a prospective study of 110 patients done in The Netherlands (see reference below), it was found that the 14-3-3 assay was 97% sensitive and 87% specific. (blogspot.com)
Therefore, we concluded that the assay of t-tau protein may be useful as 1st screening and the ratio of p-tau protein/t-tau protein would be useful as 2nd screening to discriminate CJD from other neurodegenerative diseases. (springer.com)
In order to further improve the detection sensitivity of 14-3-3, a sandwich time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) was developed using a pair of monoclonal antibodies, and it could be shown that TRFIA has a higher sensitivity in detecting 14-3-3 antigen of S. japonicum than an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (biomedcentral.com)
Both alpha-SNAP and 14-3-3 proteins stimulated in a priming but not in a triggering assay. (rupress.org)

The p53 tumour-suppressor protein is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor that induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. (nih.gov)
Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed. (uniprot.org)
Several sequence analyses of these proteins have shown 4 regions with a high level of amino acid variability in loops I, V, VI, and VII (variable regions [VRs] 1-4) ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
The most likely origin of the porB2/3 hybrid (4, Eb, 2ab, Cc) is the acquisition of DNA that encodes a VR1-4 sequence by a meningococcus with a porB2-99 allelic variant. (cdc.gov)

14-3-3 proteins function at several key points in G(1)/S- and G(2)/M-transition by binding to regulatory proteins and modulating their function. (nih.gov)
The controlled degradation of proteins by the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system is an important regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic cells. (plantcell.org)
The regulatory role of 14‑3‑3ε is influenced by its altered localization. (spandidos-publications.com)
According to our data the enzyme's C-terminal domain harbors two nonclassical sites for regulatory 14-3-3 proteins: the phosphorylated extreme C-terminal end (YpTV-COOH) and an unphosphorylated motif located further upstream. (uni-tuebingen.de)

Consequently, 14-3-3s modulate an enormous and diverse group of cellular processes. (sciencemag.org)
While once abstruse, 14-3-3 proteins are now well known as players in several cellular processes. (dissertations.se)
Zika Virus NS3 Mimics a Cellular 14-3-3-Binding Motif to Antagonize RIG-I- and MDA5-Mediated Innate Immunity. (uchicago.edu)
Thus, the 14-3-3 proteins are multifunctional proteins involved in the variety of cellular and neuronal phenomena. (jneurosci.org)

In the lab you will be part of a group of 3 postdocs working on 14-3-3 proteins in barley and Petunia. (bio.net)
First, immunoprecipitation experiments, using isoenzyme-specific monoclonal Lox antibodies, showed that 14-3-3 proteins co-precipitate with 13-Lox, but not with the 9-Lox from barley. (tudelft.nl)
Barley 14-3-3 transcripts accumulate in the epidermis upon inoculation with the powdery mildew fungus. (deepdyve.com)

More than 200 signaling proteins have been reported as 14-3-3 ligands. (wikipedia.org)
To identify proteins that may contribute to this retention, [35S]Met-labeled Gen10 fusion proteins with the 3i loops of the alpha2AAR (Val217-Ala377), alpha2BAR (Lys210-Trp354), and alpha2CAR (Arg248-Val363) were used as ligands in gel overlay assays. (rti.org)
More than 1 signaling proteins have been reported as 14-3-3 ligands including kinases, phosphatases, and transmembrane receptors, and the binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. (sinobiological.com)
C) Van der Waals surface representation of one amphipathic 14-3-3 binding cleft showing the close contact of both ligands. (uni-tuebingen.de)

Biochem Soc Trans (2002) 30 (3): A64. (portlandpress.com)
2002). Tau protein and 14-3-3 protein in the differential diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (springer.com)

We show that C-terminally truncated ExoS ADP-ribosyltransferase domain lacking the amphipathic binding motif is active when co-expressed with 14-3-3. (diva-portal.org)
Binding of 14-3-3s generally requires phosphorylation of a target protein with the 14-3-3-binding motif. (plantphysiol.org)
The amino acid motif around the phosphorylation site is related to the phosphopeptide binding motif for 14-3-3 proteins. (plantcell.org)
TAZ shares homology with Yes-associated protein (YAP), contains a WW domain and functions as a transcriptional co-activator by binding to the PPXY motif present on transcription factors. (elsevier.com)

The 14-3-3 protein is a family of acidic, dimeric proteins distributed widely among eukaryotic cells. (springer.com)

This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals. (mybiosource.com)
This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals, and this protein is 99% identical to the mouse, rat and bovine orthologs. (nih.gov)
14-3-3 beta / YWHAB is found in both plants and mammals, and this protein is 100% identical to the mouse ortholog. (sinobiological.com)

The restrained and the mutated (Arg56 or Arg129 to alanine) MD simulations indicate that the conformation of four residues (Lys49, Arg56, Arg129 and Tyr130) may play an important role to keep the 14-3-3σ protein in an open or closed state. (mdpi.com)
Based on the location of the amino acids that mediate ligand binding, we place all the protein scaffolds under clinical development into two general categories scaffolds with ligand-binding residues located in exposed flexible loops, and those with the binding residues located in protein secondary structures, such as α-helices. (bvsalud.org)

The 14-3-3 protein family contains seven members that are highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
14-3-3 proteins are highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed. (ibl-america.com)

14-3-3 proteins play an isoform-specific role in class switch recombination. (wikipedia.org)

Metabolic enzymes as targets for 14-3-3 proteins. (nih.gov)
translocation within the cell and docking to the respective targets proteins) will be studied by means of Green Fuorescent Protein (GFP) constructs. (bio.net)
Moreover, swapping the amphipathic C-terminus with a fragment from Vibrio Vis toxin creates a 14-3-3 independent toxin that ADP-ribosylates known ExoS targets. (diva-portal.org)

A phylogenetic analysis of 27 plant species clustered the 14-3-3 proteins into four groups. (wikipedia.org)
There are 1 14‑3‑3 / YWHAQ protein produced in house with high quality which are covering various species. (sinobiological.com)

Elevated amounts of 14-3-3 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid may be a sign of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (wikipedia.org)
Two proteins, designated 130 and 131, which have been detected in low concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, appear to be sensitive and specific markers for the disease. (nih.gov)
We then developed a simple, rapid immunoassay for this protein and tested it in cerebrospinal fluid samples from 71 humans and 30 animals with spongiform encephalopathies and in control samples from 186 humans and 94 animals. (nih.gov)
The immunoassay detected the 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid from 68 of the 71 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (96 percent, 95 percent confidence interval, 92 to 99 percent). (nih.gov)
In patients with dementia, a positive immunoassay for the 14-3-3 brain protein in cerebrospinal fluid strongly supports a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (nih.gov)
However, diagnostic biochemical parameters including 14-3-3 protein, S100, neuron-specific enorase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been used as diagnostic markers, elevated titers of these markers can also be observed in CSF in other neurodegenerative diseases. (springer.com)
1998). Detection of 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid supports the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (springer.com)

As Dr. Maksymowych explains, "14-3-3η is a protein involved in many intracellular functions from cell proliferation to regulating the intracellular communication networks that are involved in various inflammatory processes relevant to rheumatoid arthritis. (questdiagnostics.com)
14-3-3η is one of seven members of the 14-3-3 family and is typically an intracellular protein, but what's of interest in inflammatory arthritis is that there is an extracellular form that is secreted. (questdiagnostics.com)

The P-type plasma membrane H+-ATPases form a group of proteins only found in plants and fungi. (dissertations.se)
14-3-3 proteins activate the auto-inhibited plasma membrane P-type H+ ATPases. (wikipedia.org)
For instance, SLP-76 detaches from plasma membrane-proximal protein complexes a few minutes after TCR stimulation and translocates to a perinuclear compartment ( 12 ). (rupress.org)
Overlay assays show a fungus-induced increase in binding of digoxygenin-labelled 14-3-3 protein to several proteins including a 100 kDa membrane protein, probably the plasma membrane H+-ATPase. (deepdyve.com)
We propose that 14-3-3 proteins are involved in an epidermis-specific response to the powdery mildew fungus, possibly via an activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase. (deepdyve.com)
Fusicoccin (FC) is a fungal toxin that activates the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase by binding with 14-3-3 proteins, causing membrane hyperpolarization. (lancs.ac.uk)
In the fission yeast S. pombe, Mid1 is an important dimeric CAR scaffolding protein that connects the contractile apparatus to the plasma membrane at the right place and time during cytokinesis. (gvsu.edu)
TAZ may link events at the plasma membrane and cytoskeleton to nuclear transcription in a manner that can be regulated by 14-3-3. (elsevier.com)
We have identified 14-3-3 proteins as positive regulators of the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase that provides the driving force for nutrient uptake and maintenance of cell turgor. (uni-tuebingen.de)
Co-immunoprecipitation studies, as well as experiments using confocal microscopy, revealed that dopamine favored the association of 14-3-3 protein with the basolateral plasma membrane and its co-localization with the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit. (mysciencework.com)

6, 341-347) by serving as docking proteins for receptors, kinases and phosphatases. (bio.net)
TCR engagement activates the protein tyrosine kinases Lck, Fyn, and ζ chain-associated protein of 70 kD that initiate the signaling cascade and contribute to the assembly of a "signalosome," a multiprotein complex including various enzymes, their substrates, and scaffold/adaptor proteins ( 4 ). (rupress.org)

A large family of signal-transducing adaptor proteins present in wide variety of eukaryotes. (uchicago.edu)

The 14-3-3 protein family are highly conserved soluble acidic proteins ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Blackledge, M. and Žídek, L.: Functionally specific binding regions of microtubule-associated protein 2c exhibit distinct conformations and dynamics. (findaphd.com)
Importantly, these activities are usually independent of substrate phosphorylation and therefore should be considered as distinct, 'moonlighting' functions of 14-3-3 proteins that mimic and complement the functions of dedicated molecular chaperones. (ovid.com)
Distinct effects of alpha-SNAP, 14-3-3 proteins, and calmodulin on priming and triggering of regulated exocytosis. (rupress.org)
The effects of alpha-SNAP and 14-3-3 proteins were likely to be due to distinct mechanisms of action since they differed in Ca(2+)-dependency, time course and extent of stimulation and their effects were additive. (rupress.org)
The data show that these three proteins have distinct stage-specific actions on exocytosis and indicate that alpha-SNAP acts in an early MgATP-requiring stage and not in the late Ca(2+)-triggered steps immediately prior to membrane fusion as previously suggested. (rupress.org)

14-3-3 binding may lead to cytoplasmic sequestration of the protein ligand but may also have other functional consequences. (nih.gov)
In response to the spatial cue provided by Aurora B, 14-3-3 promotes Ncd binding specifically to spindle microtubules by preventing it from binding other microtubules in the large cytoplasmic volume of oocytes. (rupress.org)
The arrow shows cytoplasmic localization of the N protein. (asm.org)
The membrane (lane2) and cytoplasmic (lane 3) fractions were immunoprecipitated with anti-Myc antibody. (asm.org)
Cytoplasmic (lane 2) and nuclear (lane 3) fractions were immunoprecipitated using anti-Myc antibody, resolved by 12% SDS-PAGE, and the protein bands were detected by fluorography. (asm.org)

However, crystal structures of the 14-3-3 beta: ExoS and -ExoT complexes presented here reveal an extensive hydrophobic interface that is sufficient for complex formation and toxin activation. (diva-portal.org)
In the present report we show that the presence of 13-LOX and 14-3-3 proteins was established in high-molecular-mass complexes. (tudelft.nl)
Arginine (Arg)-based endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localization signals are involved in the quality control of different heteromultimeric membrane protein complexes. (ox.ac.uk)

These data reveal a novel negative feedback loop involving HPK-1-dependent serine phosphorylation of SLP-76 and 14-3-3 protein recruitment, which tunes T cell activation. (rupress.org)
Transit sequences of chloroplast-destined precursor proteins are phosphorylated on a serine or threonine residue. (plantcell.org)
14-3-3 binding requires TAZ phosphorylation on a single serine residue, resulting in the inhibition of TAZ transcriptional co-activation through 14-3-3-mediated nuclear export. (elsevier.com)

In bovine brain samples, 14-3-3 proteins were located in the 14th fraction eluting from a DEAE-cellulose column and in position 3.3 on a starch electrophoresis gel. (wikipedia.org)

All these 14-3-3 eta / YWHAH protein are expressed by different host cells. (sinobiological.com)
These 14-3-3 eta / YWHAH proteins are produced with different tags, such as GST Tag. (sinobiological.com)

Subsequently, the altered expression and localization of 14‑3‑3ε and its co‑localization with other apoptosis‑associated proteins during apoptosis was investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, western blot analysis validated that the expression level of 14‑3‑3ε was downregulated during curcumin‑induced apoptosis of MG‑63 cells compared with that in control cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results of the present study revealed that 14‑3‑3ε is an NMP in MG‑63 cells, and its altered expression and co‑localization with apoptosis‑associated proteins indicated an important function of 14‑3‑3ε in apoptosis of MG‑63 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, it was demonstrated that 14-3-3ε was a differentially expressed nuclear matrix component in MG-63 cells during apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present study revealed that 14-3-3ε was an altered nuclear matrix protein, suggesting that 14-3-3ε may be an important regulator in curcumin induced apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Grawe, Anissa P., "14-3-3 Protein Rad24 and its Effect on Mid1 Localization and Contractile Acto- Myosin Ring Assembly During Cytokinesis in S. pombe" (2018). (gvsu.edu)
12): 3-14, 2018. (bvsalud.org)

90% identical to a previously reported yeast 14-3-3 protein encoded by BMH1. (pnas.org)
Here we show that deleting the yeast 14-3-3 protein, Bmh1, extends chronological life span (CLS) by activating the stress response. (genetics.org)

Now we report that one of the suppressor loci, BMH2/SCD3, encodes a protein of the 14-3-3 family. (pnas.org)

In plants, 14-3-3 proteins are key regulators of primary metabolism and membrane transport. (dissertations.se)

Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western-immunoblot analyses showed that SGF14c mRNA and protein levels were specifically increased in abundance in nodulated soybean roots 10, 12, 16, and 20 d after inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum . (plantphysiol.org)
Double immunofluorescence staining and laser‑scanning confocal microscopy demonstrated that 14‑3‑3ε was co‑localized with B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2‑associated‑X protein, p53 and c‑FOS transcription factor in MG‑63 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Consistent with these findings, L-165,041 increased 14-3-3ε mRNA and protein level, whereas PPARδ small interfering RNA suppressed both basal and L-165,041-dependent YWHAE transcription and 14-3-3ε protein expression. (ahajournals.org)

The 14-3-3 proteins have been found to be up- or down-regulated in human disease, but their direct role in disease progression has not been clearly established. (pnas.org)
14-3-3σ is a member of a highly conserved family of 14-3-3 proteins that has a double-edged sword role in human cancers. (mdpi.com)
We detected proteins 130 and 131 in normal human brain, partially sequenced their amino acids, and found that they matched the brain protein known as 14-3-3. (nih.gov)
14-3-3 gamma is thought to play an important role in muscle, being induced by growth factors in human vascular smooth muscle cells, and being expressed in skeletal and heart muscles. (acris-antibodies.com)
Immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin-embedded human brain tissue, using 14-3-3 gamma Antibody. (acris-antibodies.com)
We also examined the Efp and 14‐3‐3 σ expression in 220 human breast carcinoma tissues by immunohistochemistry. (aacrjournals.org)
Expression of the Efp and 14‐3‐3 σ in human breast cancer tissue was not very common with 19.8% and 20.7% of the total cases being positive, respectively. (aacrjournals.org)
14‐3‐3 σ was also negatively correlated with hypermethylation in human breast cancer tissue. (aacrjournals.org)
Understanding the latter mode of 14-3-3 functioning is fundamental to defining the underlying molecular mechanisms for a range of human disorders. (ovid.com)
Among these 14‑3‑3 / YWHAQ proteins, there are 1 Human 14‑3‑3 / YWHAQ protein. (sinobiological.com)
New binding protein scaffolds are constantly being designed or discovered with some already approved for human use by the FDA. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, many of these scaffolds derive from human proteins and thus possess very low immunogenic potential. (bvsalud.org)

Fusicoccin, 14-3-3 proteins and defense responses in tomato plants. (lancs.ac.uk)
Fusicoccin, 14-3-3 proteins and defense respons. (lancs.ac.uk)

p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge. (uniprot.org)
Understanding biological functions of 14-3-3 proteins has been limited by the functional redundancy of conserved isotypes. (harvard.edu)
All N. meningitidis strains received in the Spanish Reference Laboratory for Neisseria are routinely serotyped by whole-cell ELISA ( 5 ) with a set of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) provided by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (South Mimms, UK) that includes the following serotypes: 1 (MN3C6B), 2a (5D4-5), 2b (MN2C3B), 4 (5DC4C8G8), 14 (MN5C8C), 15 (8B5-5G9), and 21 (6B11F2B5). (cdc.gov)
In addition, the cells must retard folding of the organellar proteins before these polypeptides reach their final destination to avoid the biological function of the proteins in the wrong compartment, namely, the cytosol. (plantcell.org)
Research in my laboratory aims to understand the biological functions of 14-3-3 proteins in higher plants. (uni-tuebingen.de)
In addition to protein crystallization and structure determination, an array of biochemical, molecular and cell biological approaches is applied. (uni-tuebingen.de)

90% of their protein constituents from the cytosol in a post-translational event. (plantcell.org)

By contrast, 14-3-3 proteins functionally antagonized the Arg-based signal present in SUR1. (ox.ac.uk)

By binding in the 14-3-3 phosphopeptide binding groove, an amphipathic C-terminal helix of ExoS and ExoT has been thought to be crucial for their activation. (diva-portal.org)

The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of ubiquitously expressed, exclusively eukaryotic proteins with an astonishingly large number of binding partners. (sciencemag.org)
Belongs to the 14-3-3 family. (abcam.com)
14-3-3 proteins comprise a family of highly conserved proteins. (dissertations.se)
The soybean ( Glycine max ) genome contains 18 members of the 14-3-3 protein family, but little is known about their association with specific phenotypes. (plantphysiol.org)
14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved phospho-specific binding proteins involved in diverse physiological processes. (plantcell.org)
The 14-3-3 (YWHA) proteins are a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed family of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
14-3-3 beta / YWHAB is a member of the 14-3-3 proteins family. (sinobiological.com)

Organisms5

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes4

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science13

An Arabidopsis 14-3-3 protein can act as a transcriptional activator in yeast. (1/1483)

Cell adhesion regulates the interaction between the docking protein p130(Cas) and the 14-3-3 proteins. (2/1483)

Protein kinase C mu is negatively regulated by 14-3-3 signal transduction proteins. (3/1483)

Akt promotes cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting a Forkhead transcription factor. (4/1483)

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD. (5/1483)

Fusicoccin, 14-3-3 proteins, and defense responses in tomato plants. (6/1483)

Maintenance of G2 arrest in the Xenopus oocyte: a role for 14-3-3-mediated inhibition of Cdc25 nuclear import. (7/1483)

The zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins interacts with the third intracellular loop of different alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes. (8/1483)

PubMed

Periodicals as Topic

Books

Publishing

MEDLINE

Serial Publications

Biological Science Disciplines

Encyclopedias as Topic

Electrophoresis, Starch Gel

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome

Electrophoresis

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose

Molecular Sequence Data

Starch

Recombinant Proteins

Reference Standards

Publications

Linear Energy Transfer

Reference Values

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Drosophila

Drosophila Proteins

Cyclin E

Drosophila melanogaster

Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins

Ribosomal Protein S6

Models, Biological

14-3-3 Proteins

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins

Cell Death

Longevity

Oxidative Stress

Prion Diseases

Prions

PrPSc Proteins

Scrapie

Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform

PrPC Proteins

Soybeans

Plant Root Nodulation

Schistosoma japonicum

Bradyrhizobium

Schistosomiasis japonica

Phosphopeptides

Apyrase

Dogs

Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2

Amino Acid Sequence

Calmodulin

Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1

An Arabidopsis 14-3-3 protein can act as a transcriptional activator in yeast. (1/1483)

Cell adhesion regulates the interaction between the docking protein p130(Cas) and the 14-3-3 proteins. (2/1483)

Protein kinase C mu is negatively regulated by 14-3-3 signal transduction proteins. (3/1483)

Akt promotes cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting a Forkhead transcription factor. (4/1483)

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD. (5/1483)

Fusicoccin, 14-3-3 proteins, and defense responses in tomato plants. (6/1483)

Maintenance of G2 arrest in the Xenopus oocyte: a role for 14-3-3-mediated inhibition of Cdc25 nuclear import. (7/1483)

The zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins interacts with the third intracellular loop of different alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes. (8/1483)

Recombinant Human CD3 zeta protein (ab112263) References

Phosphorylation-dependent interaction between antigenic peptides and MHC class I | Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business...

Mechanism of phosphorylation-dependent binding of APC to beta-catenin and its role in beta-catenin degradation

Deleting the 14-3-3 Protein Bmh1 Extends Life Span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Increasing Stress Response | Genetics

The crystal structure of the non-liganded 14-3-3sigma protein: insights into determinants of isoform specific ligand binding...

YWHAH Gene - GeneCards | 1433F Protein | 1433F Antibody

YWHAH (Protein | Antibody | Gene cDNA | ELISA Kit) | SinoBiological

Aperçu des produits pour YWHAE kit ELISA

The zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins interacts with the third intracellular loop of different alpha2-adrenergic receptor...

14-3-3 epsilon/YWHAE ELISA | SinoBiological

Mouse 14-3-3 epsilon / YWHAE Protein (GST Tag) | SinoBiological

YWHAZ Enzyme Human Recombinant | KCIP-1 Protein | ProSpec

Recombinant Human YWHAE, GST tagged YWHAE-878H - Creative BioMart

14-3-3 sigma / Stratifin / YWHAS / SFN 抗體, 兔多抗, 抗原親和純化 | SinoBiological

Linear Motif Atlas for Phosphorylation-Dependent Signaling | Science Signaling

Gene Expression Literature Detail

Ywhaz (untagged) - Mouse tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta polypeptide (Ywhaz), ...

Anti-Schwein Stratifin Antikörper für Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IHC (p))

Anti-Schaf Stratifin Antikörper für Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IHC (p))

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YWHAE monoclonal antibody, clone 5A5 - (MAB1125) - Products - Abnova