11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Medical search

Enzymes of the oxidoreductase class that catalyze the dehydrogenation of hydroxysteroids. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 1.1.-.

A low-affinity 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase found in a variety of tissues, most notably in LIVER; LUNG; ADIPOSE TISSUE; vascular tissue; OVARY; and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The enzyme acts reversibly and can use either NAD or NADP as cofactors.

An high-affinity, NAD-dependent 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that acts unidirectionally to catalyze the dehydrogenation of CORTISOL to CORTISONE. It is found predominantly in mineralocorticoid target tissues such as the KIDNEY; COLON; SWEAT GLANDS; and the PLACENTA. Absence of the enzyme leads to a fatal form of childhood hypertension termed, APPARENT MINERALOCORTICOID EXCESS SYNDROME.

A class of enzymes that catalyzes the oxidation of 17-hydroxysteroids to 17-ketosteroids. EC 1.1.-.

Catalyze the oxidation of 3-hydroxysteroids to 3-ketosteroids.

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases that catalyzes the reversible conversion of CORTISOL to the inactive metabolite CORTISONE. Enzymes in this class can utilize either NAD or NADP as cofactors.

A group of enzymes that catalyze the reversible reduction-oxidation reaction of 20-hydroxysteroids, such as from a 20-ketosteroid to a 20-alpha-hydroxysteroid (EC 1.1.1.149) or to a 20-beta-hydroxysteroid (EC 1.1.1.53).

A microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 17-alpha-hydroxylation of progesterone or pregnenolone and subsequent cleavage of the residual two carbons at C17 in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP17 gene, generates precursors for glucocorticoid, androgen, and estrogen synthesis. Defects in CYP17 gene cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA, CONGENITAL) and abnormal sexual differentiation.

A 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase which catalyzes the reversible reduction of the active androgen, DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE to 5 ALPHA-ANDROSTANE-3 ALPHA,17 BETA-DIOL. It also has activity towards other 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids and on 9-, 11- and 15- hydroxyprostaglandins. The enzyme is B-specific in reference to the orientation of reduced NAD or NADPH.

The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions.

Enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of estradiol at the 17-hydroxyl group in the presence of NAD+ or NADP+ to yield estrone and NADH or NADPH. The 17-hydroxyl group can be in the alpha- or beta-configuration. EC 1.1.1.62

A naturally occurring glucocorticoid. It has been used in replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Cortisone itself is inactive. It is converted in the liver to the active metabolite HYDROCORTISONE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p726)

Enzymes which transfer sulfate groups to various acceptor molecules. They are involved in posttranslational sulfation of proteins and sulfate conjugation of exogenous chemicals and bile acids. EC 2.8.2.

A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).

A group of polycyclic compounds closely related biochemically to TERPENES. They include cholesterol, numerous hormones, precursors of certain vitamins, bile acids, alcohols (STEROLS), and certain natural drugs and poisons. Steroids have a common nucleus, a fused, reduced 17-carbon atom ring system, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene. Most steroids also have two methyl groups and an aliphatic side-chain attached to the nucleus. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)

A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Reversibly catalyze the oxidation of a hydroxyl group of carbohydrates to form a keto sugar, aldehyde or lactone. Any acceptor except molecular oxygen is permitted. Includes EC 1.1.1.; EC 1.1.2.; and 1.1.99.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.

A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.

A metabolite of TESTOSTERONE or ANDROSTENEDIONE with a 3-alpha-hydroxyl group and without the double bond. The 3-beta hydroxyl isomer is epiandrosterone.

A zinc-containing enzyme which oxidizes primary and secondary alcohols or hemiacetals in the presence of NAD. In alcoholic fermentation, it catalyzes the final step of reducing an aldehyde to an alcohol in the presence of NADH and hydrogen.

An enzyme that oxidizes an aldehyde in the presence of NAD+ and water to an acid and NADH. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 1.1.1.70.

Enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE. Several types of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase exist including phosphorylating and non-phosphorylating varieties and ones that transfer hydrogen to NADP and ones that transfer hydrogen to NAD.

An agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise the drug is low in toxicity.

Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind MINERALOCORTICOIDS and mediate their cellular effects. The receptor with its bound ligand acts in the nucleus to induce transcription of specific segments of DNA.

An enzymes that catalyzes the reversible reduction-oxidation reaction of 20-alpha-hydroxysteroids, such as from PROGESTERONE to 20-ALPHA-DIHYDROPROGESTERONE.

An enzyme that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of inosine 5'-phosphate to xanthosine 5'-phosphate in the presence of NAD. EC 1.1.1.205.

Perinatal development and adult blood pressure. (1/205)

A growing body of evidence supports the concept of fetal programming in cardiovascular disease in man, which asserts that an insult experienced in utero exerts a long-term influence on cardiovascular function, leading to disease in adulthood. However, this hypothesis is not universally accepted, hence animal models may be of value in determining potential physiological mechanisms which could explain how fetal undernutrition results in cardiovascular disease in later life. This review describes two major animal models of cardiovascular programming, the in utero protein-restricted rat and the cross-fostered spontaneously hypertensive rat. In the former model, moderate maternal protein restriction during pregnancy induces an increase in offspring blood pressure of 20-30 mmHg. This hypertensive effect is mediated, in part, by fetal exposure to excess maternal glucocorticoids as a result of a deficiency in placental 11-ss hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Furthermore, nephrogenesis is impaired in this model which, coupled with increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system, could also contribute to the greater blood pressure displayed by these animals. The second model discussed is the cross-fostered spontaneously hypertensive rat. Spontaneously hypertensive rats develop severe hypertension without external intervention; however, their adult blood pressure may be lowered by 20-30 mmHg by cross-fostering pups to a normotensive dam within the first two weeks of lactation. The mechanisms responsible for this antihypertensive effect are less clear, but may also involve altered renal function and down-regulation of the renin-angiotensin system. These two models clearly show that adult blood pressure is influenced by exposure to one of a number of stimuli during critical stages of perinatal development. (+info)

Structural analysis of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene in end-stage renal disease. (2/205)

BACKGROUND: Mutations in the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11betaHSD2) gene cause a rare form of low-renin hypertension leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in some affected subjects. To date, no search for mutations in the HSD11B2 gene was performed in a large population to obtain an estimate its prevalence. METHODS: The HSD11B2 gene was analyzed in 587 subjects, including 260 ESRD patients (either dialysis or transplanted) for mutations in the exons 2 through 5 and corresponding intronic regions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using appropriate overlapping primers, gel analysis by single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP), and sequencing of identified migration variants. RESULTS: The prevalence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ESRD patients and controls was 26%. The following genetic variants were found among all subjects investigated: exon 2 T442G (Leu148/Val, N = 70) and C470A (Thr156/Thr, N = 67), exon 3 G534A (Glu178/Glu, N = 69), and exon 5 C1274T (Asp388/Asp, N = 2). Four SNPs were identified in intron 4 only. In the control population, the prevalence of the variants Leu148 and Thr156 was 14% each. Glu178 was 11%, while no variants were found in exon 5. In ESRD patients, the prevalence of the variant Leu148 was 9%, and Thr156 was 8%. Glu178 was 13%, while the Asp388 variant was 0.7%. In patients with a short duration between the time of diagnosis of the renal disease and the onset of ESRD, the prevalence of the Leu148 and Glu178 variants was higher than in subjects with slowly progressing renal disease. The 11betaHSD2 activity of all of these SNPs is predictably unaltered. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of SNPs of the HSD11B2 gene, without causing exonic mutations generating a 11betaHSD2 enzyme with altered activity. Based on statistical analyses, the frequency of homozygosity for mutated alleles of the HSD11B2 gene can be derived as <1/250,000 when a Caucasian population is considered. (+info)

Multiple aspects of mineralocorticoid selectivity. (3/205)

Aldosterone regulates renal sodium reabsorption through binding to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Because the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is expressed together with the MR in aldosterone target cells, glucocorticoid hormones bound to GR may also intervene to modulate physiological functions in these cells. In addition, each steroid can bind both receptors, and the MR has equal affinity for aldosterone and glucocorticoid hormones. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms intervene to allow specific aldosterone regulatory effects, despite the large prevalence of glucocorticoid hormones in the plasma. They include the local metabolism of the glucocorticoid hormones into inactive derivatives by the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; the intrinsic properties of the MR that discriminate between ligands through differential contacts; the possibility of forming homo- or heterodimers between MR and GR, leading to differential transactivation properties; and the interactions of MR and GR with other regulatory transcription factors. The relative contribution of each of these successive mechanisms may vary among aldosterone target cells (epithelial vs. nonepithelial) and according to the hormonal context. All these phenomena allow fine tuning of cellular functions depending on the degree of cooperation between corticosteroid hormones and other factors (hormonal or tissue specific). Such interactions may be altered in pathophysiological situations. (+info)

Aldosterone receptor antagonism normalizes vascular function in liquorice-induced hypertension. (4/205)

The enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD2) provides mineralocorticoid receptor specificity for aldosterone by metabolizing glucocorticoids to their receptor-inactive 11-dehydro derivatives. The present study investigated the effects of the aldosterone receptor antagonists spironolactone and eplerenone on endothelial function in liquorice-induced hypertension. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a recognized inhibitor of 11beta-HSD2, was supplemented to the drinking water (3 g/L) of Wistar-Kyoto rats over a period of 21 days. From days 8 to 21, spironolactone (5.8+/-0.6 mg. kg(-1). d(-1)), eplerenone (182+/-13 mg. kg(-1). d(-1)), or placebo was added to the chow (n=7 animals per group). Endothelium-dependent or -independent vascular function was assessed as the relaxation of preconstricted aortic rings to acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside, respectively. In addition, aortic endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein content, nitrate tissue levels, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) protein levels were determined. GA increased systolic blood pressure from 142+/-8 to 185+/-9 mm Hg (P<0.01). In the GA group, endothelium-dependent relaxation was impaired compared with that in controls (73+/-6% versus 99+/-5%), whereas endothelium-independent relaxation remained unchanged. In the aortas of 11beta-HSD2-deficient rats, eNOS protein content and nitrate tissue levels decreased (1114+/-128 versus 518+/-77 microgram/g protein, P<0.05). In contrast, aortic ET-1 protein levels were enhanced by GA (308+/-38 versus 497+/-47 pg/mg tissue, P<0.05). Both spironolactone and eplerenone normalized blood pressure in animals on GA (142+/-9 and 143+/-9 mm Hg, respectively, versus 189+/-8 mm Hg in the placebo group; P<0.01), restored endothelium-dependent relaxation (96+/-3% and 97+/-3%, respectively, P<0.01 versus placebo), blunted the decrease in vascular eNOS protein content and nitrate tissue levels, and normalized vascular ET-1 levels. This is the first study to demonstrate that aldosterone receptor antagonism normalizes blood pressure, prevents upregulation of vascular ET-1, restores NO-mediated endothelial dysfunction, and thus, may advance as a novel and specific therapeutic approach in 11beta-HSD2-deficient hypertension. (+info)

Expression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes and corticosteroid hormone receptors in primary cultures of human trophoblast and placental bed biopsies. (5/205)

Interconversion of active and inactive glucocorticoids, e.g. cortisol (F) and cortisone (E) is catalysed by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) which exists as two isoforms. We have used human placental bed biopsies and an in-vitro cytotrophoblast cell culture system to examine the expression and activity of the 11 beta-HSD isoforms along with that of the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (GR and MR). Immunohistochemistry localized 11 beta-HSD1 to decidualized stromal cells and 11 beta-HSD2 to villous cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblasts and trophoblast cells invading the placental bed and maternal vasculature. In primary cultures of human cytotrophoblast, 11 beta-HSD2, GR and MR mRNA were expressed. Low levels of 11 beta-HSD1 mRNA were noted in these cultured cells, but could be explained on the basis of contaminating, vimentin-positive decidual stromal cells (< or =5%). Enzyme activity studies confirmed the presence of a high-affinity, NAD-dependent dehydrogenase activity (K(m) 137 nmol/l and V(max) 128 pmol E/h/mg protein), indicative of the 11 beta-HSD2 isoform. No reductase activity was observed. The presence of functional MR and GR was determined using Scatchard analyses of dexamethasone and aldosterone binding (MR K(d) 1.4 nmol/l B(max) 3.0; GR K(d) 6.6 nmol/l B(max) 16.2 fmol/ng protein). The expression of 11 beta-HSD1 in maternal decidua and 11 beta-HSD2 in adjacent trophoblast suggests an important role for glucocorticoids in determining trophoblast invasion. The presence of the MR within trophoblast indicates that some of the effects of cortisol could be MR- rather than GR-mediated. (+info)

The intracellular localization of the mineralocorticoid receptor is regulated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. (6/205)

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) type 2 has been considered to protect the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) by converting 11beta-hydroxyglucocorticoids into their inactive 11-keto forms, thereby providing specificity to the MR for aldosterone. To investigate the functional protection of the MR by 11beta-HSD2, we coexpressed epitope-tagged MR and 11beta-HSD2 in HEK-293 cells lacking 11beta-HSD2 activity and analyzed their subcellular localization by fluorescence microscopy. When expressed alone in the absence of hormones, the MR was both cytoplasmic and nuclear. However, when coexpressed with 11beta-HSD2, the MR displayed a reticular distribution pattern, suggesting association with 11beta-HSD2 at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The endoplasmic reticulum membrane localization of the MR was observed upon coexpression only with 11beta-HSD2, but not with 11beta-HSD1 or other steroid-metabolizing enzymes. Aldosterone induced rapid nuclear translocation of the MR, whereas moderate cortisol concentrations (10-200 nm) did not activate the receptor, due to 11beta-HSD2-dependent oxidation to cortisone. Compromised 11beta-HSD2 activity (due to genetic mutations, the presence of inhibitors, or saturating cortisol concentrations) led to cortisol-induced nuclear accumulation of the MR. Surprisingly, the 11beta-HSD2 product cortisone blocked the aldosterone-induced MR activation by a strictly 11beta-HSD2-dependent mechanism. Our results provide evidence that 11beta-HSD2, besides inactivating 11beta-hydroxyglucocorticoids, functionally interacts with the MR and directly regulates the magnitude of aldosterone-induced MR activation. (+info)

Increased ACTH levels do not alter renal 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene expression in the sheep. (7/205)

The regulation of renal 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11betaHSD2) gene expression is poorly understood. Inhibition of expression can result in hypertension. An example of this is in ectopic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) syndrome (EAS). Inhibition of 11betaHSD2 activity is suggested by the observed increased ratio of cortisol to cortisone in both plasma and urine. To investigate whether ACTH or ACTH-dependent steroids can modulate renal 11betaHSD2 gene expression we analysed renal 11betaHSD2 mRNA levels after treatment with ACTH of 1 H and 24 H and demonstrated no change in the levels of gene expression. We have demonstrated in this study that the expression of 11betaHSD2 in the kidney is unaltered by ACTH. The reduced inactivation of cortisol by 11betaHSD2 observed in EAS is likely to be in part due to end product inhibition or substrate overload of the enzyme by endogenous substrates (cortisol, corticosterone, etc) rather than inhibition of 11betaHSD2 at the transcriptional level by either ACTH or ACTH regulated steroids. (+info)

Course of placental 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase mRNA expression during human gestation. (8/205)

BACKGROUND: During human pregnancy, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD2) plays an important role in protecting the fetus from high maternal glucocorticoid concentrations by converting cortisol to inactive cortisone. Furthermore, 11beta-HSD2 is indirectly involved in the regulation of the prostaglandin inactivating enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH), because cortisol reduces the gene expression and enzyme activity of PGDH in human placental cells. OBJECTIVE: To examine developmental changes in placental 11beta-HSD2 and PGDH gene expression during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of human pregnancies. METHODS: In placental tissue taken from 20 healthy women with normal pregnancy and 20 placentas of 17 mothers giving birth to premature babies, 11beta-HSD2 and PGDH mRNA expression was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Placental mRNA expression of 11beta-HSD2 and PGDH increased significantly with gestational age (r=0.55, P=0.0002 and r=0.42, P=0.007). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the two enzymes (r=0.58, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In the course of pregnancy there is an increase in 11beta-HSD2 and PGDH mRNA expression in human placental tissue. This adaptation of 11beta-HSD2 prevents increasing maternal cortisol concentrations from transplacental passage and is exerted at the gene level. 11beta-HSD2 up-regulation may also lead to an increase in PGDH mRNA concentrations that, until term, possibly delays myometrial contractions induced by prostaglandins. (+info)

497 (2): 223-50. doi:10.1002/cne.20993. PMID 16705681. Shin, JW; Geerling, JC; Loewy, AD (Dec 10, 2008). "Inputs to the ... 26 (2): 411-7. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3115-05.2006. PMC 6674421. PMID 16407537. Geerling, JC; Loewy, AD (Oct 18, 2006). " ... 93 (2): 177-209. doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2007.039891. PMID 17981930. Geerling, JC; Loewy, AD (Mar 2007). "Sodium depletion ... A small number of HSD2 neurons (less than 2%) may express the neuropeptide galanin. Their lack of expression of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD2_neuron

... type I (dexamethasone suppressible), and type II, which has been linked to the 7p22 gene. Features Hypertension Hypokalemia (e. ... November 2000). "A novel genetic locus for low renin hypertension: familial hyperaldosteronism type II maps to chromosome 7 ( ... 37 (11): 831-5. doi:10.1136/jmg.37.11.831. PMC 1734468. PMID 11073536. Dominguez A, Muppidi V, Gupta S. "Hyperaldosteronism". ... Through inhibition of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11-beta-HSD2), glycyrrhizin allows cortisol to activate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperaldosteronism

Studies on the stably transfected isoforms and localization of the type 2 isozyme within renal tissue". Steroids. 62 (1): 77-82 ... 11α-OHP is a more potent inhibitor of 11β-HSD than enoxolone (glycyrrhetinic acid) or carbenoxolone in vitro (IC50 = 0.9 nM; ... 11 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone (11 alpha OH-P) was an order of magnitude more potent a competitive inhibitor of the 11 beta HSD-2 ... 11α-OHP was investigated as a topical antiandrogen for the treatment of androgen-dependent skin conditions in the early 1950s, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11α-Hydroxyprogesterone

Causes include genetic disorders (e.g. Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome, Liddle's syndrome, and types of Congenital ... Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is an autosomal recessive disorder with multiple types, two of which lead to ... and two types of Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Liddle's syndrome is autosomal dominant disorder affecting epithelial ... Deficiency of 11-beta-hydroxylase blocks the conversion of 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) to corticosterone leading to an excess ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudohyperaldosteronism

2004). "11Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition improves cognitive function in healthy elderly men and type 2 diabetics ... In type 2 diabetics aged 52-70, the drug improved verbal memory. However, potassium-sparing diuretic amiloride was co- ... 12 (2): 66-8. doi:10.5698/1535-7511-12.2.66. PMC 3316363. PMID 22473546. Sandeep TC, Yau JL, MacLullich AM, et al. ( ... 11α-Hydroxyprogesterone Connors BW (2012). "Tales of a Dirty Drug: Carbenoxolone, Gap Junctions, and Seizures". Epilepsy Curr. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbenoxolone

... type 3, rare (NIH) 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency 3 hydroxyisobutyric aciduria 3 hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, ... 17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency 17 beta hydroxysteroide dehydrogenase deficiency 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ... 3 methylglutaconyl coa hydratase deficiency 3-hydroxy 3-methyl glutaryl-coa lyase deficiency 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase ... 2,8 dihydroxy-adenine urolithiasis 21 hydroxylase deficiency 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, rare (NIH) 3 alpha methylcrotonyl-Coa ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(0–9)

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1- a tissue-specific amplifier of glucocorticoid action". Endocrinology. 142 (4): 1371 ... Seckl JR (January 1997). "11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the brain: a novel regulator of glucocorticoid action?". Front ... There are two types of 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases that control cortisol concentration: HSD-11β Type 1 and HSD-11β Type 2 ... The dehydrogenase activity of a HSD-11β converts a 11beta-hydroxysteroid to the corresponding 11-oxosteroid by reducing NADP+ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11β-Hydroxysteroid_dehydrogenase

2005). "11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: a tissue-specific regulator of glucocorticoid response". Endocr. Rev. 25 (5 ... Persu A (2005). "11beta-Hydroxysteroid deshydrogenase: a multi-faceted enzyme". J. Hypertens. 23 (1): 29-31. doi:10.1097/ ... "Entrez Gene: HSD11B2 hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 2". Geerling, Joel C.; Arthur D. Loewy (September 2009). " ... 1998). "Molecular basis for hypertension in the "type II variant" of apparent mineralocorticoid excess". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 63 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroid_11-beta-dehydrogenase_isozyme_2

... beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms using reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and localization of the type 2 ... "Human adrenal cortex and aldosterone secreting adenomas express both 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and type 2 ... Wake DJ, Walker BR (February 2006). "Inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in obesity". Endocrine. 29 (1): ... Agarwal AK (November 2003). "Cortisol metabolism and visceral obesity: role of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11β-Hydroxysteroid_dehydrogenase_type_1

3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases MeSH D08.811.682.047.436.350.100 - 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (B-specific) MeSH ... myosin type iii MeSH D08.811.277.040.025.525.843 - myosin type iv MeSH D08.811.277.040.025.525.875 - myosin type v MeSH D08.811 ... 4-beta-glucosidase MeSH D08.811.277.450.420.200.600 - glucan endo-1,3-beta-d-glucosidase MeSH D08.811.277.450.420.375 - glucan ... 20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases MeSH D08.811.682.047.436.400.074 - 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase MeSH D08.811.682.047. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)

"17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type XI localizes to human steroidogenic cells". Endocrinology. 144 (5): 2084-91. doi: ... "Entrez Gene: HSD17B11 hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 11". Li KX, Smith RE, Krozowski ZS (1999). "Cloning and expression ... Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HSD17B11 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... Haeseleer F, Palczewski K (2000). "Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases in retina". Methods in Enzymology. 316: 372-83. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD17B11

... possible interference with type 1 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-mediated processes". J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 104 ( ... "CYP7B generates a selective estrogen receptor beta agonist in human prostate". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 (6): 2928-35. doi ... 344 (2): 540-6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.175. PMID 16630558. Dulos J, van der Vleuten MA, Kavelaars A, Heijnen CJ, Boots AM ( ... 121 (2): 307-14. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00438-X. PMID 14521990. S2CID 46593148. Saito S, Iida A, Sekine A, Kawauchi S, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP7B1

Rheault P, Dufort I, Soucy P, Luu-The V (1999). "Assignment of HSD17B5 encoding type 5 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase to ... Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), also known as 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17β-HSD5, HSD17B5) is a ... "Entrez Gene: AKR1C3 aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3 (3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, type II)". Theisen, J. ... "Structural basis of the multispecificity demonstrated by 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 5". Molecular and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKR1C3

Cooper MS, Stewart PM (2009). "11Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and its role in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal ... Retrieved 2 April 2021. Glyn, J (1998). "The discovery and early use of cortisone". J R Soc Med. 91 (10): 513-517. doi:10.1177/ ... 24 (2): 100-2. PMID 1582609. "All About Atopic Dermatitis". National Eczema Association. Bogart, A.S.; Daniel, D.D.; Poster, K. ... 26 (2): 224-228. doi:10.1378/chest.26.2.224. PMID 13182965. Cole, BJ; Schumacher (Jan-Feb 2005). "Injectable Corticosteroids in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisone

Moghrabi N, Head JR, Andersson S (Nov 1997). "Cell type-specific expression of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in ... "The human type II 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene encodes two alternatively spliced mRNA species". DNA and Cell ... 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in normal, inflamed and neoplastic gastric tissues". Anticancer Research. 23 (5A): ... "17 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 expression and enzyme activity in the human gastrointestinal tract". Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD17B2

1) Type B intercalated cells in the collecting duct reabsorb H+ and secrete HCO3, while in type A intercalated cells protons ... These hormones and medications include insulin, epinephrine, and other beta agonists (e.g. salbutamol or salmeterol), and ... this facilitated diffusion occurs in both Type B intercalated cells and Principal cells in the collecting duct). 2) Metabolic ... can also cause hypokalemia by stimulating beta-2 receptors. Rare hereditary defects of muscular ion channels and transporters ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypokalemia

... metabolism Disorders of sexual development Intersex 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type III ... "HSD17B3 hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-03- ... "17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency , Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program". ... "17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2017-03-11. "OMIM Entry - # 264300 - 17- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17β-Hydroxysteroid_dehydrogenase_III_deficiency

2003). "Mutations in the genes encoding 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ... Ikegwuonu FI, Jefcoate CR (1999). "Evidence for the involvement of the fatty acid and peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathways in ... "Entrez Gene: H6PD hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (glucose 1-dehydrogenase)". Tan SG, Ashton GC (1976). "An autosomal glucose- ... Beutler E, Morrison M (1968). "Localization and characteristics of hexose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (glucose dehydrogenase)". J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H6PD

3(or+17)beta-hydroxysteroid+dehydrogenase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: ... Yang SY, He XY, Isaacs C, Dobkin C, Miller D, Philipp M (2014). "Roles of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 in ... Aka JA, Mazumdar M, Chen CQ, Poirier D, Lin SX (April 2010). "17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 stimulates breast ... Mindnich R, Möller G, Adamski J (2004). "The role of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 218 (1-2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17β-Hydroxysteroid_dehydrogenase

"Mutations in the genes encoding 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase interact to ... beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity". Endocrinology. 146 (6): 2539-43. doi:10.1210/en.2005-0117. PMID 15774558. ... "Mutations in the genes encoding 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase interact to ... "Cortisone-reductase deficiency associated with heterozygous mutations in 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisone_reductase_deficiency

... estradiols having inhibitory effect on human placental estradiol 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD type 1)". ... "Entrez Gene: HSD17B1 Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 1". Saloniemi T, Jokela H, Strauss L, Pakarinen P, Poutanen M (2012 ... Aka JA, Mazumdar M, Chen CQ, Poirier D, Lin SX (Apr 2010). "17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 stimulates breast cancer ... Sawetawan C, Milewich L, Word RA, Carr BR, Rainey WE (Mar 1994). "Compartmentalization of type I 17 beta-hydroxysteroid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD17B1

Sam KM, Auger S, Luu-The V, Poirier D (1995). "Steroidal spiro-gamma-lactones that inhibit 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ... "Spironolactone-related inhibitors of type II 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: chemical synthesis, receptor binding ... Poirier D (2003). "Inhibitors of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases". Curr. Med. Chem. 10 (6): 453-77. doi:10.2174/ ... Poirier D (2009). "Advances in development of inhibitors of 17beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases". Anticancer Agents Med Chem. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacodynamics_of_spironolactone

Pancreatic beta cells are responsible for making insulin; decreased beta cell activity is associated with DM2 in adulthood. In ... However, one common challenge of these types of studies is that many epigenetic modifications have tissue and cell-type ... When analyzing the types of changes that can occur to a phenotype, we can see changes that are behavioral, morphological, or ... This syndrome is often associated with type II diabetes as well as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Using mice models, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_effect

... the type II 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene in a patient with classic salt-wasting 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ... of type II 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene in Japanese patients with classical 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ... 1992). "Structure of the human type II 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase (3 beta-HSD) gene: adrenal ... 1995). "A novel missense mutation in the type II 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene in a family with classical salt- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD3B2

"Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase determines the reaction direction of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 as an ... and 5-beta tetrahydrocortisol (5-beta THF), reactions for which 5-alpha reductase and 5-beta-reductase are the rate-limiting ... "11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: a tissue-specific regulator of glucocorticoid response". Endocrine Reviews. 25 (5 ... Rapid administration of corticosterone (the endogenous type I and type II receptor agonist) or RU28362 (a specific type II ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol

testicular: enzymatic (5-alpha-reductase deficiency, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency) · Androgen receptor ( ... types: (type 1, type 2, MODY 1 2 3 4 5 6) · complications (coma, angiopathy, ketoacidosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy ... 11] Epidemiolojia[hariri , hariri chanzo]. Ugonjwa wa Cushing wa iatrojeniki (unaosababishwa na matibabu kwa kutumia steroidi ... 2] [3] Dalili za ugonjwa wa Cushing hazipatikani kwa binadamu pekee na bali pia ni hali ya kawaida katika mbwa na farasi ...

https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugonjwa_wa_Cushing

... which is subsequently converted to estradiol via 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD).[49] ... Collins P, Rosano GM, Sarrel PM, Ulrich L, Adamopoulos S, Beale CM, McNeill JG, Poole-Wilson PA (July 1995). "17 beta-Estradiol ... and estrus-type changes (including vaginal, uterine, and mammary gland changes and sexual receptivity) in sexually immature, ... 978-1-119-20246-2. .. *^ a b c d e f g h i Lauritzen C, Studd JW (22 June 2005). Current Management of the Menopause. CRC Press ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol

... adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ... Tooth disease type 1C Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type ... CDG syndrome type 1A CDG syndrome type 1B CDG syndrome type 1C CDG syndrome type 2 CDG syndrome type 3 CDG syndrome type 4 CDK4 ... disease type 2C Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(C)

... in vitro induction of 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in splenic lymphocytes from athymic mice by a unique lymphokine". J ... It is thought that this genetic change is the key in development of this leukemia type. Human IL-3 was first cloned in 1986 and ... Kitamura T, Sato N, Arai K, Miyajima A (1991). "Expression cloning of the human IL-3 receptor cDNA reveals a shared beta ... IL-3 is mainly produced by activated T cells with the goal of initiating proliferation of various other immune cell types. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_3

Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 7B is an enzyme encoded by the DHRS7B gene in humans, found on chromosome 17p11.2. ... CD44 is an antigen found on the surface of most cell types and functions as a receptor that binds tissue macromolecules. ... "Entrez Gene: Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 7B". "Genecards: DHRS7B Gene protein-coding GIFtS 47". Tannin GM, ... DHRS7B is a member of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily and possesses characteristic features of an SDR ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHRS7B

"Abundant type 10 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the hippocampus of mouse Alzheimer's disease model". Brain Research. ... 17-β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase X (HSD10) also known as 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that ... 17-beta) dehydrogenase 10". He XY, Yang YZ, Schulz H, Yang SY (Jan 2000). "Intrinsic alcohol dehydrogenase and hydroxysteroid ... Yang SY, He XY, Isaacs C, Dobkin C, Miller D, Philipp M (Sep 2014). "Roles of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD17B10

CYP17A1 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase X deficiency; 300438; HSD17B10 2-methylbutyrylglycinuria; 610006; ACADSB 3- ... type 1B; 276900; MYO7A Usher syndrome, type 1C; 276904; USH1C Usher syndrome, type 1D; 601067; CDH23 Usher syndrome, type 1D/F ... F5 Factor XI deficiency, autosomal dominant; 612416; F11 Factor XI deficiency, autosomal recessive; 612416; F11 Factor XII ... type I; 125850; HNF4A MODY, type II; 125851; GCK MODY, type III; 600496; HNF1A MODY, type IV; 606392; IPF1 Mohr-Tranebjærg ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes

Osteoporosis is a type of bone disease characterized by a loss of bone density, mass and architecture that leaves a patient ... beta]-hydroxy-20[alpha]-hydroxymethylprednisolone. As stated previously, the primary use of methylprednisolone is to suppress ... The prevalence of mGRs ranges per cell type, with the highest concentration in B lymphocytes at up to 12.3%, up to 9.2% in ... The type and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms also varies significantly between patients, with 33% of patients reporting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylprednisolone

Rosler A (August 2006). "17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency in the Mediterranean population". Pediatric ... Bare lymphocyte syndrome high in western Arabic block Morocco, type II limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, type 2C in Libya, ... Jerash type of the distal hereditary motor neuropathy (2000) •• Karak syndrome (2003) •• Omani type of spondyloepiphy Below is ... Lebanese type of mannose 6--phosphate receptor recognition defect (1984) •• Algerian type of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia ( ...

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Type A (express A antigens), Type B (express B antigens), Type AB (express both A and B antigens) and Type O (express neither A ... Herbst EA, MacPherson RE, LeBlanc PJ, Roy BD, Jeoung NH, Harris RA, Peters SJ (Jan 2014). "Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 ... Due to this, alcohol sulfotransferase is also known by several other names including "hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase," " ... Earliest discoveries of transferase activity occurred in other classifications of enzymes, including beta-galactosidase, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transferase

"Entrez Gene: HSD17B8 hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 8". Kikuti YY, Tamiya G, Ando A, et al. (1997). "Physical mapping ... 2007). "Transcriptional regulation of the human type 8 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene by C/EBPbeta". J. Steroid ... In mice, the Ke6 protein is a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that can regulate the concentration of biologically active ... 2006). "Expression of aromatase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1, 7 and 12 in breast cancer. An ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSD17B8

... in the regulation of human corpus luteum 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and ... 27 (2): 255-8. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0270255. PMID 11564608. Zhang CK, Lin W, Cai YN, Xu PL, Dong H, Li M, Kong YY, Fu G, Xie YH, ... 17 (2): 139-47. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0170139. PMID 8938589. Li M, Xie YH, Kong YY, Wu X, Zhu L, Wang Y (Oct 1998). "Cloning and ... 5 (1): 1-2. doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00196-5. PMID 12852843. Fayard E, Schoonjans K, Annicotte JS, Auwerx J (Sep 2003). "Liver ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_receptor_homolog-1

Then, 16α-OH-DHEA is converted by 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I (3β-HSD1) into 16α-hydroxyandrostenedione (16α-OH-A4) ... "Evaluation of ligand selectivity using reporter cell lines stably expressing estrogen receptor alpha or beta". Biochemical ... DHEA is converted by 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I into androstenedione, and androstenedione is aromatized into ... Then, placental 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase interconverts estrone and estradiol and the two hormones are secreted into the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estriol

This is due to its inability to be inactivated by uterine 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD). Because of its ... Type of aqueous (solution or suspension) was not specified. Testosterone levels in relation to estradiol levels (and ... Lobo RA, Cassidenti DL (January 1992). "Pharmacokinetics of oral 17 beta-estradiol". J Reprod Med. 37 (1): 77-84. PMID 1548642 ... As a result of the alkylation in 17-C position it is not a substrate for 17β dehydrogenase, an enzyme which transforms natural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacodynamics_of_estradiol

3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) inhibitors such as amphenone B, azastene, cyanoketone, epostane, mitotane, and ... Schroepfer GJ, Parish EJ, Kisic A, Jackson EM, Farley CM, Mott GE (1982). "5 alpha-Cholest-8(14)-en-3 beta-ol-15-one, a potent ... A steroidogenesis inhibitor, also known as a steroid biosynthesis inhibitor, is a type of drug which inhibits one or more of ... 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) inhibitors prevent the reversible conversion of the weak androgens ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroidogenesis_inhibitor

In the final and rate limiting step, the C17 keto group androstenedione is reduced by 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase to yield ... These include adult-type body odor, increased oiliness of skin and hair, acne, pubarche (appearance of pubic hair), axillary ... interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, TNF alpha and endotoxin concentration, as well as leukocyte count. As demonstrated by a meta ... In addition, the 3β-hydroxyl group is oxidized by 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase to produce androstenedione. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone

... allowing it to inhibit the activity of aromatase and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. These enzymes are involved in the ... The highest concentrations of coumestrol are found in clover, Kala Chana (a type of chick pea), and Alfalfa sprouts. Coumestrol ... "Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta". ... 3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitors, Aromatase inhibitors, Coumestans, Phytoestrogens, Selective ERβ agonists, Phenols) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coumestrol

3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitors, CYP17A1 inhibitors, Hepatotoxins, Thiazolidinediones, Aminopyridines, Phenol ethers ... It doubled the risk of fractures among women with type 2 diabetes, without a significant increase in risk of fractures among ... It is also found in pancreatic beta cells, vascular endothelium, and macrophages Rosiglitazone is a selective ligand of PPARγ ... Investigators from the Cochrane Collaboration published a meta-analysis of their own on the use of rosiglitazone in Type II ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosiglitazone

Enzymes involved in this process include both mitochondrial and microsomal P450s and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Usually a ... This type of adrenal insufficiency usually does not affect the production of mineralocorticoids, which are under regulation of ... The central adrenomedullary vein, in the adrenal medulla, is an unusual type of blood vessel. Its structure is different from ... The adrenal glands are composed of two heterogenous types of tissue. In the center is the adrenal medulla, which produces ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland

Zennaro MC, Farman N, Bonvalet JP, Lombès M (May 1997). "Tissue-specific expression of alpha and beta messenger ribonucleic ... "Mutations in the mineralocorticoid receptor gene cause autosomal dominant pseudohypoaldosteronism type I". Nature Genetics. 19 ... 52 (1-2): 83-4. doi:10.1159/000132846. PMID 2558856. Edwards CR, Stewart PM, Burt D, Brett L, McIntyre MA, Sutanto WS, et al. ( ... 7 (2): 85-98. PMID 9392437. Geller DS, Rodriguez-Soriano J, Vallo Boado A, Schifter S, Bayer M, Chang SS, Lifton RP (July 1998 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralocorticoid_receptor

17 beta-dihydroxy-17-methyl-1, 4-androstadien-3-one and related compounds". Steroids. 43 (3): 271-82. doi:10.1016/0039-128x(84) ... beta)-diol-3-one) in humans". J. Int. Med. Res. 4 (2): 96-105. doi:10.1177/030006057600400203. PMID 799985. S2CID 86157607. ... 126 (2): 353-61. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfs022. PMID 22273746. (Articles with changed ChemSpider identifier, Articles with changed ... Indeed, 11α- and 11β-hydroxyprogesterone (formebolone and roxibolone being 11α- and 11β-hydroxylated (respectively) similarly) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formebolone

17 beta-dihydroxy-17-methyl-1, 4-androstadien-3-one and related compounds". Steroids. 43 (3): 271-82. doi:10.1016/0039-128x(84) ... 126 (2): 353-61. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfs022. PMID 22273746. v t e v t e (Articles with changed ChemSpider identifier, Articles ... The 2-decyl ester of roxibolone, decylroxibolone (developmental code name BR-917), is a long-acting prodrug of roxibolone with ... In accordance, 11α- and 11β-hydroxyprogesterone are known to be potent inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roxibolone

Subsequently, 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reduce these metabolites to form the ... Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer (September 2019). "Type and timing of menopausal hormone therapy and ... "Progesterone receptor knockout mice have an improved glucose homeostasis secondary to beta -cell proliferation". Proceedings of ... This is followed by the further reduction of these metabolites via 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3β-hydroxysteroid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progesterone

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity in lean and obese males with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ... 1 beta-hydroxytetrahydrocortisone. 6 alpha-hydroxytetrahydrocortisone. In Blood. Tetrahydrocortisone/Creatinine:MRto:Pt:Urine: ... Apparent mineralocorticoid excess: Type I and type II. *F. Mantero, M. Palermo, M. Petrelli, R. Tedde, P. Stewart, C. ... hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β‐HSD) catalyse the interconversion of cortisol to hormonally… Expand. ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Tetrahydrocortisone/1981241

Human ALDH1A1(Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family, Member A1) ELISA Kit. *Human ALDH1A2(Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family, Member A2 ... Human PCSK1(Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 1) ELISA Kit. *Human PCSK5(Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type ... Human REG1b(Regenerating Islet Derived Protein 1 Beta) ELISA Kit. *Human REG3a(Regenerating Islet Derived Protein 3 Alpha) ... Human CELSR2(Cadherin EGF LAG Seven Pass G-Type Receptor 2) ELISA Kit ...

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112 B-type natriuretic peptide is associated with future rise in Lv mass in optimally treated primary prevention population. ... beta-unsaturated aldehyde acrolein. Kelleher, M. O., McMahon, M., Eggleston, I. M., Dixon, M. J., Taguchi, K., Yamamoto, M. & ... Nadir, A., Gandy, S. & Struthers, A., Jun 2014, In: Heart (British Cardiac Society). 100 , suppl 3, p. A64-A65 2 p.. Research ... 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA expression in rat kidney. Yau, J. L., Van Haarst, A. D., Moisan, M. P., Fleming, S., ...

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D8.811.682.47.820.125 3-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (B-Specific) D8.811.682.47.820.186 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases ... Type I) Fatty Acid Synthetase Complex, Type II D5.500.562.437.500 D5.500.562.444 D8.811.600.317.500 D8.811.277.352.897.387.200 ... D12.776.476.24.406 20-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase D8.811.682.47.436.400.74 D8.811.682.47.820.125.74 20-Hydroxysteroid ... G7.700.320.500.325.377.437 Malate Dehydrogenase D8.811.682.47.605 D8.811.682.47.820.496 Malate Dehydrogenase (NADP+) D8.811. ...

https://decs.bvs.br/P/mnchg2014.txt

11Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Inhibitors. The 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) inhibitor ... 44 Using a model involving GPR119 beta-cell-expressing mice with type 2 diabetes, the investigators demonstrated a significant ... Inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 as a promising therapeutic target. Drug Disc Today. 2007;12:504-520. ... Effects of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor carbenoxolone in insulin sensitivity in men with type 2 diabetes. ...

https://www.ahdbonline.com/articles/807-feature-807

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2. Code System Preferred Concept Name. 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 ( ...

https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewCodeSystemConcept.action?oid=2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.5&code=N0000167981

11beta-HSD2. 11beta-HSD2 Reductase. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2. Tree number(s):. D08.811.682.047.436.174.600. ... 11beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 11beta-HSD2 11beta-HSD2 Reductase 11beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 ... Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases (1992-2003). Public MeSH Note:. 2004; 11 BETA-HSD2 was indexed under HYDROXYSTEROID ... 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 - Preferred Concept UI. M0076299. Scope note. An high-affinity, NAD-dependent 11- ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=38200

Type. Search results. * Two cooperative breeding cases in Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor. Romero, J. L. & Pérez, J ... Alonso, J., Arús, C., Westler, W. M. & Markley, J. L., 1 Jan 1989, In: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 11, 3, p. 316-330. ... Alonso, J., Arús, C., Westler, W. M. & Markley, J. L., 1 Jan 1989, In: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 11, p. 316-330. Research ... Martí Escayol, M. A., 1 Dec 2011, In: Sudhoffs Archiv. 95, 2, p. 129-157. Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › ...

https://portalrecerca.uab.cat/en/publications/?page=2639&ordering=title&descending=false&showAdvanced=false&allConcepts=true&inferConcepts=true&originalSearch=&improvedLayoutOrganisationUuid=&format=

Besides this important endocrinological property, the type 1 isozyme (11beta-HSD1) mediates reductive phase I reactions of ... 11beta-HSD) catalyzes the reversible oxidoreduction of 11beta-OH/11-oxo groups of glucocorticoid hormones. ... Purified recombinant 11beta-HSD1 mediated oxidative reactions, however, the labile reductive activity component could not be ... In conclusion, evidence is provided that human 11beta-HSD1 in vitro is involved in phase I reactions of anti-inflammatory non- ...

https://www.kennedy.ox.ac.uk/publications/108611?195fa93a-717a-11ed-82a3-0653bcb80ed2

... type I collagenase (Sigma) in DMEM with 50 μg/ml Gentamycin. Dissociation was stopped with HBSS containing 40% fetal bovine ... 2. Motor nerve conduction velocity analyses of the sciatic nerve. Motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve 1 day ... Mean numbers of a CD3+ T cells and b CD68+ macrophages per mm2 sciatic nerve sections as measured by immunohistochemistry on ... The H2O2 concentration was chosen after titration experiments with PI staining to generate a sub-maximal lethality rate. We ...

https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12974-019-1445-0

Analysis of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene (HSD11B2) in human essential hypertension. American journal of ... Association studies between the HSD11B2 gene (encoding human 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2), type 1 diabetes ... Identification of polymorphisms in the human 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene promoter: functional ... 11ß-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in hypertension: comparison of phenotype and genotype analysis. Journal of human ...

https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/searchSummary.action?firstQuery=Hypertension+and+HSD11B2&Mysubmit=Search

Via inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1.. 3 - All measurements were taken at least three times and ... You want a the highest concentration of beta waves in that part of the brain. In clients with low F3/C3 beta activity, I see a ... Im typing into my Evernote (Slow carb "rules," Occams routine, various instructional bits from the book that I might want to ... I agree with Katie regarding the type of diet you should follow. As someone who has trained a lot, at one point I had a bodyfat ...

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The expression of the IUGR marker genes leptin and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11beta-HSD2) was measured ... After CRH stimulation the trophoblast syncytialisation rate was monitored via syncytin-1 gene expression and beta-hCG (beta- ... The induction of leptin and 11beta-HSD2 in the syncytiotrophoblast by CRH might promote fetal nutrient supply and placental ... CRH did not influence the differentiation of isolated trophoblasts into functional syncytium as determined by beta-hCG ...

https://rbej.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1477-7827-10-80

... and water reabsorption is mediated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 that protects the mineralocorticoid receptor ... 11beta-HSD type 1 (11beta-HSD1), that generates intraocular cortisol. In a mechanism analogous to that of the embryologically ... an 11beta-HSD inhibitor). Using the real time-polymerase chain reaction, rabbit CP tissue was found to express levels of 11beta ... Expression of 11beta-HSD1 may be fundamental in the regulation of CSF secretion and the local generation of cortisol may ...

https://www.scni.ox.ac.uk/publications/482096

Horse Beta-Endorphin,β-EP ELISA Kit. 96T. 822€. Details. E0027HO. Horse Brain natriureti peptide(BNP)ELISA Kit. 96T. 822€. ... Horse Retinal dehydrogenase 1,ALDH1A1 ELISA Kit. 96T. 822€. Details. E0031HO. Horse Serum amyloid A(SAA)ELISA Kit. 96T. 822€. ... Horse Hemoglobin subunit beta(HBB) ELISA Kit. 96T. 822€. Details. E0009HO. Horse Hyaluronic acid,HA ELISA Kit. 96T. 822€. ... Human 11-Deoxycortisol ELISA Kit. 96T. 634€. Details. E3107Hu. Human 11-keto Testosterone(11-KETO-T) ELISA Kit. 96T. 634€. ...

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2002) 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 2: An important pharmacokinetic determinant for the activity of synthetic ... 2009) Latent TGF-beta-binding protein 4 modifies muscular dystrophy in mice. J Clin Invest 119: 3703-3712. doi:10.1172/jci39845 ... In wild-type mice, the only effect observed for aldosterone was a smaller increase in LV mass (P , 0.05), which was similar to ... Wild-type (strain 000476; C57BL/10ScSnJ) and mdx (strain 001801; C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx/J) mice were obtained from The Jackson ...

https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/2/1/e201800186.full

9, 2, e89421. ISSN 1932-6203. IF = 3.234 [ASEP] [ doi ] Soták, Matúš - Sumová, Alena - Pácha, Jiří . Cross-talk between the ... 67, 2, p. 261-273 . IF = 1.701 [ASEP] Ergang, Peter - Mikulecká, Anna - Vodička, Martin - Vagnerová, Karla - Mikšík, Ivan - ... 2), 112-121 . IF = 2.220 [ASEP] [ doi ] Vodička, Martin - Ergang, Peter - Hrnčíř, Tomáš - Mikulecká, Anna - Kvapilová, Pavlína ... Regulation of 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 and 7 alpha-Hydroxylase CYP7B1 during Social Stress . PLoS ONE 2014, ...

https://fgu.cas.cz/departments/laboratory-of-epithelial-physiology?publicationsCount=25

Cloning and production of antisera to human placental 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2.Biochem J. 313 ( Pt 3):1007- ...

https://temp.crm.ed.ac.uk/biblio?f%5Bkeyword%5D=810

Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 2. *Receptors, Dopamine D2. *Receptors, Glucocorticoid. *Receptors, Mineralocorticoid. *Reference ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Person/161769/Network/ResearchAreas

... the glucocorticoid 11-deoxycortisol was a more potent agonist than cortisol. The hormone sensitivity of PbGR2b and PbGR1 ... mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2007, 152: ... Discovery of a functional glucocorticoid receptor beta-isoform in zebrafish. Endocrinol. 2008, 149: 1591-1599. 10.1210/en.2007- ... In contrast, all analysed clones from A. ruthenus contained one type of sequence termed ArGR. The obtained partial cDNA ...

https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-12-137

Age-related changes in 11Î²-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity in normotensive subjects. Campino, Carmen; Martinez- ... A novel insertion in the FOXL2 gene in a Chilean patient with blepharophimosis ptosis epicanthus inversus syndrome type I. ... Pregnancy normalized familial hyperaldosteronism type I=, a novel role for progesterone? Campino, C; Trejo, P; Carvajal, C A; ... Pregnancy normalized familial hyperaldosteronism type I: a novel role for progesterone? Campino C.; Trejo, P.; Carvajal, CA; ...

https://investigadores.anid.cl/es/public_search/researcher?id=11402

Gollasch B, Anistan YM, Canaan-Kühl S, Gollasch M. Late-onset Bartter syndrome type II. Clin Kidney J. 2017 Oct. 10 (5):594-599 ... When the patient recovers, the beta-hydroxybutyrate and lactate are metabolized to bicarbonate and the original bicarbonate ... This type of primary hyperaldosteronism responds to glucocorticoid therapy, which inhibits aldosterone secretion by suppressing ... In alkalemia, the kidneys secrete the excess bicarbonate via the apical chloride/bicarbonate exchanger, pendrin, in the B-type ...

https://www.staging.medscape.com/answers/243160-186241/what-causes-metabolic-alkalosis

However, D7 cortisol enrichment was detectable in abdominal sc fat of overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes ... However, D7 cortisol enrichment was detectable in abdominal sc fat of overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes ... However, D7 cortisol enrichment was detectable in abdominal sc fat of overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes ... However, D7 cortisol enrichment was detectable in abdominal sc fat of overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes ...

https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/11%CE%B2hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase-types-1-and-2-activity-in-subcuta

... hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in a sex‐specific manner. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 299: R334‐R342, 2010. doi ... beta‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in pregnant rats and the programming of blood pressure in the offspring. Hypertension 27: ... Schoof E , Girstl M , Frobenius W , Kirschbaum M , Dörr HG , Rascher W , Dötsch J . Decreased gene expression of 11beta‐ ... hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and 15‐hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in human placenta of patients with preeclampsia. ...

https://www.comprehensivephysiology.com/WileyCDA/CompPhysArticle/refId-c140036.html

https://decs2018.bvsalud.org/P/mnchg2014.txt

11beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 2 (11ßHSD2), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2), and in the fetal hippocampus of ... cortisol adjusted beta-coefficient [aß] -0.01 ± 0.01 ng/ml, p = 0.05; and cortisone aß -0.1 ± 0.03 ng/ml, p = 0.01), whereas ... Different Approaches to requesting Consent for Routine data linkage in Neonatal follow-up (ACORN): protocol for a 2×2 factorial ... We used ROB-2/modified ROBINS-I to assess risk of bias, GRADE for certainty of evidence, and RevMan for meta-analysis. RESULTS ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=au:Harding,+Jane+E

https://decs2016.bvsalud.org/E/mnchg2014.txt

https://decs2019.bvsalud.org/E/mnchg2014.txt

11-beta-hidroxiesteroide-deshidrogenasa dependiente de NAD, de alta afinidad, que actúa en un solo sentido para catalizar la deshidrogenación del CORTISOL y producir CORTISONA. (bvsalud.org)
An high-affinity, NAD -dependent 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that acts unidirectionally to catalyze the dehydrogenation of CORTISOL to CORTISONE . (bvsalud.org)
Another potent and supporting mechanism might be reducing the availability of cortisol at the level of the fat cells themselves (2). (tim.blog)
This is opposite to classical Na(+) transporting tissues, such as the kidney, where Na(+) and water reabsorption is mediated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 that protects the mineralocorticoid receptor by abrogating active cortisol to inactive cortisone. (ox.ac.uk)
In the human ocular ciliary epithelium, Na(+) and water secretion is dependent on a novel mediator of ciliary epithelial Na(+) transport, 11beta-HSD type 1 (11beta-HSD1), that generates intraocular cortisol. (ox.ac.uk)
In a mechanism analogous to that of the embryologically related ocular ciliary epithelium, we propose that autocrine regulation of intracranial cortisol is dependent on 11beta-HSD1 expression in the CP epithelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Enzyme assays performed on intact rabbit CP whole tissue explants confirmed predominant 11beta-HSD1 activity, generating cortisol that was inhibited by glycyrrhetinic acid (an 11beta-HSD inhibitor). (ox.ac.uk)
Our data have identified a functional 11beta-HSD1 within the CP, mediating intracranial cortisol bioavailability. (ox.ac.uk)
Expression of 11beta-HSD1 may be fundamental in the regulation of CSF secretion and the local generation of cortisol may represent a pathophysiological mechanism underlying cortisol-dependent neuroendocrine diseases. (ox.ac.uk)
with PbGR2b and PbGR1, the glucocorticoid 11-deoxycortisol was a more potent agonist than cortisol. (biomedcentral.com)
13, 14] Biochemical studies indicate that glycyrrhizinates inhibit 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (type 2), the enzyme responsible for inactivating cortisol through conversion to cortisone. (medscape.com)
Design: 11β-HSD-1 and -2 enzyme activities in abdominal and leg sc adipose tissue were measured by infusing [2,2,4,6,6,12,12-2H7] cortisone (D7 cortisone) and [9,12,12-2H3] cortisol (D3 cortisol) via microdialysis catheters placed in sc fat depots. (elsevier.com)
Main Outcome Measures: The conversion of infused D7 cortisone to D7 cortisol (via 11β-HSD reductase activity) and D3 cortisol to D3 cortisone (via 11β-HSD dehydrogenase activity) in sc adipose tissue. (elsevier.com)
D3 cortisone enrichment did not differ in the three cohorts, indicating that 11β-HSD-2 enzyme activity (conversion of cortisol to cortisone) occurs equally in all groups. (elsevier.com)
However, D7 cortisol enrichment was detectable in abdominal sc fat of overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus only, implying 11β-HSD-1 reductase activity (conversion of cortisone to cortisol) occurs in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes. (elsevier.com)
Conclusions: There is conversion of cortisone to cortisol via the 11β-HSD-1 enzyme pathway in abdominal sc fat depots in overweight/obese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (elsevier.com)
It has been suggested for humans and rodents that the placental enzyme, a biological catalyst, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11B-HSD) converts biologically active cortisol to an inactive steroid, cortisone. (usda.gov)
The enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11B-HSD) reversibly converts biologically active cortisol to inactive cortisone, and when present in placentae may act to protect fetuses from high concentrations of maternal glucocorticoids. (usda.gov)
In terms of tissue-specific cortisol metabolism, it is said that the enzyme 11 beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11B-HSD1) is relevant in HPA axis activity, regenerating active cortisol from its inactive forms intracellularly. (mindbodyfunctionalmedicine.com)
The sst 2 expression is relatively low, likely resulting from downregulating effects of high cortisol levels. (webpediatrica.com)
Our objective was to compare sst and D 2 R expression levels between adenomas from patients with elevated and normalized preoperative urinary free cortisol excretion. (webpediatrica.com)
After achieving normocortisolism induced by medical therapy, cortisol-mediated sst 2 downregulation on corticotroph adenomas appears to be a reversible process at the mRNA but not at the protein level. (webpediatrica.com)

Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human 11-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (HSD11b1) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (lipidx.org)
The human enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) catalyzes the reversible oxidoreduction of 11beta-OH/11-oxo groups of glucocorticoid hormones. (ox.ac.uk)

Sebocytes contain androgen-metabolizing enzymes, including 5-alpha-reductase type I, 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II. (medscape.com)

There were no statistically significant differences in sst 5 and D 2 R mRNA expression or in sst 2 , sst 5 , and D 2 R protein expression between both groups of corticotroph adenomas. (webpediatrica.com)

The induction of leptin and 11beta-HSD2 in the syncytiotrophoblast by CRH might promote fetal nutrient supply and placental corticosteroid metabolism in the phase before labour induction. (biomedcentral.com)

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (formerly noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes ) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
[ 2 ] This is in contrast to diabetes mellitus type 1 , in which there is an absolute insulin deficiency due to destruction of islet cells in the pancreas . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)

Corticosteroids, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes and the rabbit choroid plexus. (ox.ac.uk)
2 Patients taking corticosteroids should be counselled regarding the risk of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression and increased susceptibility to infections. (drugbank.com)
2 Corticosteroids binding to the glucocorticoid receptor mediates changes in gene expression that lead to multiple downstream effects over hours to days. (drugbank.com)

Licorice can reduce the serum testosterone level, probably by blocking 17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17,20 lyase. (medscape.com)

Table1)1) is involved in proliferation inhibition of acute myeloid leukemia mediated by Maesopsin 4-O-beta-D-glucoside a natural compound isolated from the leaves of Artocarpus tonkinensis) [21]. (biotech2012.org)
Inhibition of AKT or MEK1/2 increased total and nuclear PR protein in OSIS. (webpediatrica.com)
41.9% ± 3.1%) with respect to inhibition of ACTH secretion by adenomas from group 2. (webpediatrica.com)

Using the real time-polymerase chain reaction, rabbit CP tissue was found to express levels of 11beta-HSD1, glucocorticoid receptor alpha and serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 mRNA comparable to that expressed in rabbit ocular ciliary body, thereby highlighting the similarity between these two tissues. (ox.ac.uk)

Among these promising pharmacotherapies are agents that target the kidney, liver, and pancreas as a significant focus of treatment in type 2 diabetes. (ahdbonline.com)
Kidney international 2005 Feb 67 (2): 631-7. (cdc.gov)
Human hypertension caused by mutations in the kidney isozyme of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, Mune T. Rogerson FM. (childrens.com)
Kidneys were collected after 2 weeks, 6 months and 12 months, and were analysed in three different kidney structures: glomeruli, proximal (PCT) and distal convoluted tubules ( DCT ). (transhumanist.ru)
[ 6 ] In the developed world, and increasingly elsewhere, type 2 diabetes is the largest cause of nontraumatic blindness and kidney failure . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)

Besides this important endocrinological property, the type 1 isozyme (11beta-HSD1) mediates reductive phase I reactions of several carbonyl group bearing xenobiotics, including drugs, insecticides and carcinogens. (ox.ac.uk)

To review some of the most important drug classes currently in development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (ahdbonline.com)
Despite the 13 classes of antidiabetes medications currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the majority of patients with this chronic disease do not achieve appropriate glycemic control with these medications. (ahdbonline.com)
Many new drug classes currently in development for type 2 diabetes appear promising in early stages of development, and some of them represent novel approaches to treatment, with new mechanisms of action and a low potential for hypoglycemia. (ahdbonline.com)
Despite the abundance of FDA-approved therapeutic options for type 2 diabetes, the majority of American patients with diabetes are not achieving appropriate glycemic control. (ahdbonline.com)
2 The total estimated cost for diabetes in the United States in 2007 was $174 billion, 2 and between 2007 and 2009, the estimated cost attributable to pharmacologic intervention in the treatment of diabetes increased from $12.5 billion to $16.9 billion. (ahdbonline.com)
however, the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes are unable to maintain such a rigid lifestyle regimen. (ahdbonline.com)
For most patients with type 2 diabetes, pharmacologic intervention will therefore be needed to maintain glycemic control. (ahdbonline.com)
Tables 1 and 2 list the 13 classes of medication currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administra tion (FDA) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (ahdbonline.com)
Indeed, the number of diabetes medications for type 2 diabetes is expected to grow in the next few years, considering the many promising investigational therapeutic options currently in development that may gain FDA approval in the future. (ahdbonline.com)
Premios Otorgados en el XXII Congreso Chileno de Endocrinología y Diabetes Premio SOCHED 2011 al mejor Trabajo publicado en 2010 Aldosterone, Plasma Renin Activity, and Aldosterone/ Renin Ratio in a Normotensive Healthy Pediatric Population. (anid.cl)
Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the activity of 11β-HSD-1 and -2 enzymes in the abdominal and leg sc adipose tissue in obesity and diabetes. (elsevier.com)
Participants: Lean nondiabetic (n = 13), overweight/obese nondiabetic (n = 15), and overweight/ obese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 15) participated in the study. (elsevier.com)
This observation has significant implications for developing tissue-specific 11β-HSD-1 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (elsevier.com)
reported a NAFLD liver fat score system (NAFLD LFS) which could predict the fat score in liver according to the metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes (T2D), fasting insulin, AST and ALT. (researchsquare.com)
She then undertook her research fellowship with Profs Robert Sherwin and Bill Tamborlane, learning techniques for investigating human metabolism, studying changes in insulin sensitivity in childhood and adolescence and starting her life-long interest in the issues of hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes treatments. (insulin100.com)
She worked with Prof Khalida Ismail to work on aspects of mental health in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and she developed the UK's DAFNE programme, a structured education programme for flexible insulin self-management for adults with type 1 diabetes, which reduced severe hypoglycemia, with colleagues in Sheffield, North Tyneside and Germany. (insulin100.com)
Currently Prof Amiel is working on the use of cognitive therapies to improve impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia and on a project exploring the impact of Black African ethnicity on metabolic dysregulation in the development of type 2 diabetes. (insulin100.com)
Prof Amiel has contributed to national and international guidelines, chairing the 2015 revision of the UK's NICE guidelines for the diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes in adults and contributing to international position statements on the role of surgery in the management of type 2 diabetes, among others. (insulin100.com)
She is an active member of the International Hypoglycaemia Study Group and continues to work with charities and other bodies to improve outcomes of type 1 diabetes, including in her current role as Chairman of Diabetes UK's Strategic Research Advisory Group (SRAG). (insulin100.com)
Whither the Future of Insulin Management in Type 2 Diabetes? (insulin100.com)
Studies have established that inflammation and excess insulin are the leading cause of type 2 diabetes and the increasing weight issues in global populations. (mindbodyfunctionalmedicine.com)
Patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease show reduced amounts of bacteria that promote weight loss. (mindbodyfunctionalmedicine.com)
Low insulin sensitivity signifies hyperinsulinemia, which is a precursor to type 2 diabetes. (mindbodyfunctionalmedicine.com)
Type 2 diabetes makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes with the other 10% due primarily to diabetes mellitus type 1 and gestational diabetes . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
Obesity is thought to be the primary cause of type 2 diabetes in people who are genetically predisposed to the disease. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
Type 2 diabetes is initially managed by increasing exercise and dietary modification . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
The acute complication of ketoacidosis , a feature of type 1 diabetes , is uncommon. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus may rarely present with nonketotic hyperosmolar coma (a condition of very high blood sugar associated with a decreased level of consciousness and low blood pressure ). (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
Type 2 diabetes is typically a chronic disease associated with a ten-year-shorter life expectancy. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
The development of type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of lifestyle and genetic factors. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
[ 6 ] A lack of sleep has been linked to type 2 diabetes. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)

2 High doses of glucocorticoids for an extended period bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor, raising sodium levels and decreasing potassium levels. (drugbank.com)

Published 11 February 2019. (life-science-alliance.org)
We conducted a case-control study involving 152 C. innocuum -infected patients during 2014-2019 in Taiwan, using 304 cases of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) matched by diagnosis year, age ( + 2 years), and sex as controls. (cdc.gov)

The expression of the IUGR marker genes leptin and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11beta-HSD2) was measured continuously over a period of 72 h. (biomedcentral.com)
Precise diagnosis of C. innocuum is necessary because of its unique intrinsic resistance to vancomycin, presumably caused by the presence of 2 chromosomal genes that enable the synthesis of a peptidoglycan precursor terminating in serine with low vancomycin affinity ( 9 , 11 ). (cdc.gov)
Within the common gene set the top 20 upregulated or downregulated candidate genes in SASP-treated BCP-1 BC-1 and BCBL-1 cell-lines are listed in Table ?Table11 and Table ?Table2 2 respectively including gene description and the altered level of transcription in these cell-lines. (biotech2012.org)
Interestingly we found that the functional role of most genes in PEL pathogenesis have never been reported although some of them have been implicated in other types of malignancies. (biotech2012.org)

After CRH stimulation the trophoblast syncytialisation rate was monitored via syncytin-1 gene expression and beta-hCG (beta-human chorionic gonadotropine) ELISA in culture supernatant. (biomedcentral.com)

3 (1) : vdab099 Histone deacetylase inhibitors enhance estrogen receptor beta expression and augment agonist-mediated tumor suppression in glioblastoma. (genetex.com)

11ß-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in hypertension: comparison of phenotype and genotype analysis. (cdc.gov)
Analysis of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene (HSD11B2) in human essential hypertension. (cdc.gov)

Histamine (from mast cells), serotonin (from platelets), bradykinin (from the plasma), and platelet-activating factor (from many types of cells) stimulate the endothelium to produce NO causing vasodilation. (oncohemakey.com)

11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 polymorphisms and activity in a Chilean essential hypertensive and normotensive cohort. (cdc.gov)
Identification of polymorphisms in the human 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene promoter: functional characterization and relevance for salt sensitivity. (cdc.gov)

The aim of this study was to explore novel substrate specificities of human 11beta-HSD1, using heterologously expressed protein in the yeast system Pichia pastoris. (ox.ac.uk)
Intrathecal application route has not yet been investigated for TRIAM in autoimmune diseases of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) although the first sites of inflammation and increase of blood-nerve barrier permeability are the proximal nerve roots, as indicated by the early intrathecal protein increase found in these patients [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Estrogen Receptor beta antibody [14C8] detects Estrogen Receptor beta protein at nucleus by immunohistochemical analysis. (genetex.com)
Additional proteins have joined this exclusive club of adipocyte-specific secretory proteins since then, including adipokines such as resistin ( 11 , 12 ) and acylation-stimulating protein ( 13 ), as well as the recently described visfatin ( 14 , 15 ) and retinol-binding protein-4 ( 16 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
We further validate 2 downstream candidates (oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor 1) and (X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5) and evaluate their functional relationship with PEL cell survival/proliferation and chemoresistance respectively. (biotech2012.org)
The top 2 scored pathway maps and protein networks Edivoxetine HCl based on the enrichment analysis of "common" gene set were listed in Figures ?Figures33 and S1 respectively. (biotech2012.org)
The objective of this study was to determine whether the increased AKT or MAPK kinase-1/2 (MEK1/2) activity observed in endometriotic stromal cells (OSIS) from ovarian endometriomas influences levels of PR protein. (webpediatrica.com)
Inhibiting AKT with MK-2206 or MEK1/2 with U0126 for 24 hours in the absence of R5020 increased total and nuclear PRA and PRB protein levels in OSIS but not in eutopic endometrial stromal cells from disease-free patients from disease-free patients. (webpediatrica.com)
Whether sustained normocortisolism induced by medical therapy induces re-expression of functional sst 2 protein in corticotroph adenomas and whether this increases the ACTH-lowering potency of octreotide remains to be established. (webpediatrica.com)

13(1): 563, 2023 01 11. (bvsalud.org)

In the tetrapods the two CRs have diverged in function, with MR playing a principal role in the control of mineral balance and GR being predominantly involved in glucose metabolism and immune function [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Context: The role of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 (11β-HSD-1) and 2 (11β-HSD-2) enzymes in sc adipose tissue is controversial. (elsevier.com)

Evidence for pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in brothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. (bmj.com)

We hypothesized that CRH might attenuate syncytialisation, induce leptin, and reduce 11beta-HSD2 expression in primary villous trophoblasts, which are known features of IUGR. (biomedcentral.com)

Significant differences in marker expression were observed after 2 weeks, with higher SATB1 expression and lower PTEN expression in diabetic rats. (transhumanist.ru)

Novel enzymological profiles of human 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. (ox.ac.uk)
In conclusion, evidence is provided that human 11beta-HSD1 in vitro is involved in phase I reactions of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs like ketoprofen and DFU-lactol. (ox.ac.uk)
Amino acids 1-153 of human ER-beta expressed in E. coli. (genetex.com)

CRH did not influence the differentiation of isolated trophoblasts into functional syncytium as determined by beta-hCG secretion, albeit inducing syncytin-1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Polo Like Kinase 2 from Rat in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (hiv-pharmacogenomics.org)

As a compensatory mechanism, metabolic alkalosis leads to alveolar hypoventilation with a rise in arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO 2 ), which diminishes the change in pH that would otherwise occur. (medscape.com)
For example, if the increase in PaCO 2 is more than 0.7 times the increase in bicarbonate, then metabolic alkalosis coexists with primary respiratory acidosis. (medscape.com)

Non-transfected (-) and transfected (+) 293T whole cell extracts (30 μg) were separated by 7.5% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with Estrogen Receptor beta antibody [14C8] (GTX70174) diluted at 1:5000. (genetex.com)
Various tissue extracts (20 μg) were separated by 7.5% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with Estrogen Receptor beta antibody [14C8] (GTX70174) diluted at 1:500. (genetex.com)
Estrogen Receptor beta stained by Estrogen Receptor beta antibody [14C8] (GTX70174) diluted at 1:200. (genetex.com)

No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Glutamate Receptor, Ionotropic, AMPA 2 (GRIA2) and analogues was observed. (biomatik.com)

Purified recombinant 11beta-HSD1 mediated oxidative reactions, however, the labile reductive activity component could not be maintained. (ox.ac.uk)
The fat on women's thighs is more difficult to mobilize due to increased alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activity induced by estrogen. (tim.blog)
Studies were conducted to determine 1) if 11B-HSD was present in pig placentae, 2) if its activity changed during gestation, and 3) if its activity was related (correlated) to fetal development. (usda.gov)

In vitro studies in Schwann cell cultures showed an increased expression of IL-1 receptor antagonist and reduced expression of Toll-like receptor 4 after incubation with TRIAM as well as a protective effect of TRIAM against oxidative stress after H 2 O 2 exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Following syncytialisation, CRH treatment significantly increased leptin and 11beta-HSD2 expression, as well as leptin secretion into culture supernatant after 48 h. (biomedcentral.com)
By conducting immunolocalisation studies on brains from New Zealand White Albino rabbits, we defined the expression of 11beta-HSD1 in the secretory CP epithelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
PTEN expression increased from 2 weeks to 12 months in both the PCT and DCT of control rats. (transhumanist.ru)
SATB1 was expressed exclusively in the PCT of diabetic rats after 2 weeks, and its expression in the DCT was higher in controls. (transhumanist.ru)
The major changes in expression of SATB1 and PTEN occur after 2 weeks of DM onset, particularly in the PCT, implying an early onset of pathophysiological changes in diabetic kidneys, which would normally occur with ageing. (transhumanist.ru)

KD topics (10 sub-acute topics: 5 men, 5 females aged 2.0C15.5 years at time of study) and 6 convalescent subjects: 5 males, 1 female, aged 2.4C15.7 years at time of study) were evaluated by echocardiography through the severe admission with 2 and 6 weeks and 12 months following diagnosis. (forgetmenotinitiative.org)
Heparinized bloodstream examples (1C4 ml) had been acquired 10- to 54-day time post-IVIG (sub-acute cohort, topics #1C10) and 1- to 2-season post-IVIG for five topics (#11C14, 16) and 10-season post-IVIG for just one subject matter (#15) (convalescent cohort). (forgetmenotinitiative.org)

2 Prednisolone has a short duration of action as the half life is 2-4 hours. (drugbank.com)

Furthermore, we discovered that children and adults who got KD during years as a child without developing CAA didn't react to the Fc proteins antigens and play a central part in keeping immunological tolerance [1,2]. (forgetmenotinitiative.org)

There were eight female rats in each group except days 11 and 12 and days 19 and 20, in which there were five rats. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

This may explain why the sst 2 -preferring somatostatin analog octreotide, compared with the multi-receptor-targeting somatostatin analog pasireotide, is generally ineffective in Cushing's disease. (webpediatrica.com)

Placentae were obtained at 50, 75, and 100 days of gestation from uterine environments that were "roomy" or "crowded" subsequent to uterine ligation on Day 2 of gestation. (usda.gov)

Anatomy1

Chemicals and Drugs29

Phenomena and Processes1

Perinatal development and adult blood pressure. (1/205)

Structural analysis of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene in end-stage renal disease. (2/205)

Multiple aspects of mineralocorticoid selectivity. (3/205)

Aldosterone receptor antagonism normalizes vascular function in liquorice-induced hypertension. (4/205)

Expression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes and corticosteroid hormone receptors in primary cultures of human trophoblast and placental bed biopsies. (5/205)

The intracellular localization of the mineralocorticoid receptor is regulated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. (6/205)

Increased ACTH levels do not alter renal 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene expression in the sheep. (7/205)

Course of placental 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase mRNA expression during human gestation. (8/205)

Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases

20-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases

Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase

3-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (B-Specific)

Hydrocortisone

Estradiol Dehydrogenases

Cortisone

Sulfotransferases

Alcohol Oxidoreductases

Steroids

NAD

Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases

Kinetics

Liver

Testosterone

L-Lactate Dehydrogenase

Androsterone

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Tetrahydrocortisol

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

Tetrahydrocortisone

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases

Carbenoxolone

Receptors, Mineralocorticoid

20-alpha-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase

IMP Dehydrogenase

Perinatal development and adult blood pressure. (1/205)

Structural analysis of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene in end-stage renal disease. (2/205)

Multiple aspects of mineralocorticoid selectivity. (3/205)

Aldosterone receptor antagonism normalizes vascular function in liquorice-induced hypertension. (4/205)

Expression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes and corticosteroid hormone receptors in primary cultures of human trophoblast and placental bed biopsies. (5/205)

The intracellular localization of the mineralocorticoid receptor is regulated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. (6/205)

Increased ACTH levels do not alter renal 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene expression in the sheep. (7/205)

Course of placental 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase mRNA expression during human gestation. (8/205)

Phenotypic variability and origins of mutations in the gene encoding 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II. - The Christie...

Differential glucocorticoid metabolism in patients with persistent versus resolving inflammatory arthritis - SCNi

11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in mouse aorta - Localization and influence on response to glucocorticoids<...

KEE316Hu | ELISA kit for Homo sapiens (Human) 11-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 3 (HSD11b3) | Homo sapiens (Human) |...

Weight loss increases 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression in human adipose tissue. - SCNi

RCSB PDB - 4FAL: Crystal structure of human 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 in complex with 3-((3,4...

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 deficiency prevents memory deficits with aging by switching from glucocorticoid...

Tissue-specific dysregulation of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome |...

Cloning and tissue distribution of the human 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 enzyme

I2D - Interologous Interaction Database

17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 modulates breast cancer protein profile and impacts cell migration | Breast Cancer...

Adelaide Research & Scholarship: Impact of restriction of placental and fetal growth on expression of 11b-hydroxysteroid...

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On-column ligand exchange for structure-based drug design: a case study with human 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1...

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46 XY DISORDERS OF SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT (DSD) CAUSED BY A RARE MUTATION OF THE 17 beta HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE 3 GENE ...

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A novel 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type1 inhibitor CNX-010-49 improves hyperglycemia, lipid profile and reduces body...

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The NGFI-B family of transcription factors regulates expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in the human ovary<...

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Mineralocorticoid - Wikipedia

Mineralocorticoid

Human type 10 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: molecular modelling and substrate docking.

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Increased in vivo regeneration of cortisol in adipose tissue in human obesity and effects of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid...

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The functional consequences of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression in adipose tissue. - Radcliffe Department of...

11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is an exclusive 11 beta- reductase in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes: effect of...

Thiazolopyridines Improve Adipocyte Function by Inhibiting 11 Beta-HSD1 Oxoreductase Activity

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Inhibitory effect on pig testicular 20 beta-hydroxysteroid de...