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Zona PellucidaEgg ProteinsSperm-Ovum InteractionsGlycoproteinsSpermatozoaAcrosomeAcrosinContraception, ImmunologicAcrosome ReactionOvumMembrane GlycoproteinsSperm CapacitationFertilizationReceptors, Cell SurfaceOocytesFertilization in VitroZona ReticularisZona FasciculataZona GlomerulosaBlastocystMicromanipulationSwineSperm MotilityVitelline MembraneMacaca radiataFallopian TubesLectinsEmbryo ImplantationOophoritisMolecular Sequence DataPronaseOogenesisPolysaccharidesCryopreservationCarbohydratesVaccines, ContraceptiveOligosaccharidesGlycosylationZygoteCarbohydrate SequenceWheat Germ AgglutininsEmbryo TransferOvaryEmbryo, MammalianFucoseSperm HeadAmino Acid SequenceCricetinaeEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentFertilityBlastomeresGalactose OxidaseElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelPrenatal InjuriesPregnancyEpididymisInfertility, MaleHyaluronoglucosaminidaseCarbohydrate ConformationOvarian FollicleCell MembranePeperomiaSperm Injections, IntracytoplasmicCumulus CellsGalactosyltransferasesViral Envelope ProteinsSeminal Plasma ProteinsSialic AcidsExocytosisSubthalamusMorulaCattlePlant LectinsPimozideGlycoside HydrolasesMolecular WeightMicroscopy, Electron

OocyteExtracellular matrixAnti-zona pellucidaPorcineBindsProteinsMammalianReceptorsCorona radiataChromosomeDegradationMembrane glycoproteinsBovineGranulosa cellsTectorial membraneAntigensHGNCGenesProteinCharacterizationPeptideCell'sFertilityBindingAcrosomalFertilizationThickMiceMatrixComponentCellsForm

Oocyte11

• The zona pellucida is an extracellular matrix that surrounds the oocyte and early embryo. (nih.gov)
• Since it is formed at an early stage in women harbouring ASA and AZP-Ab in of oocyte growth, zona pellucida-specific their cervical secretions. (who.int)
• layer of glycoproteins between the oocyte and granulosa cells. (histologyguide.com)
• The mammalian oocyte extracellular matrix known as the zona pellucida (ZP) acts as a barrier to accomplish sperm fusion with the female gamete. (biomedcentral.com)
• During mammalian fertilization, sperm should be able to reach the cumulus-oocyte complex, get through the hyaluronic matrix of the cumulus and penetrate the zona pellucida (ZP) in order to fuse with the egg. (biomedcentral.com)
• These enzymes clear a path through the zona pellucida that allows sperm to reach the oocyte. (lumenlearning.com)
• Rather, hundreds of sperm cells must undergo the acrosomal reaction, each helping to degrade the corona radiata and zona pellucida until a path is created to allow one sperm to contact and fuse with the plasma membrane of the oocyte. (lumenlearning.com)
• In this stage the oocyte is surrounded by zona pellucida and layer of granulosa cells. (slideoffice.com)
• Then, typically, only one sperm will penetrate the zona pellucida (a film of glycoproteins surrounding the oocyte) and reach the oocyte. (robertpgeorge.com)
• Several well-known oocyte-specific genes were represented, including growth differentiation factor 9, bone morphogenetic protein 15, or the zona pellucida glycoprotein genes. (appliedbioinfo.com)
• In summary, these results demonstrate that in mice, monkeys and humans, zona proteins are expressed and assembled exclusively by the oocyte and not by the granulosa cells. (mrc.ac.za)

Extracellular matrix2

• Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy. (cusabio.com)
• In mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida . (opentextbc.ca)

Anti-zona pellucida3

• ABSTRACT Anti-zona-pellucida autoantibodies (AZP-Ab) and anti-sperm isoantibodies (ASA) were as- sessed in the cervical secretions from 73 infertile Jordanian women and 41 fertile control women using latex agglutination. (who.int)
• The serum levels of FSH, LH, E 2 , AMH and anti-zona pellucida antibody (AzpAb) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (biomedcentral.com)
• Clinical significance of naturally occuring anti-zona pellucida antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)

Porcine2

• Identification of the carboxyl termini of porcine zona pellucida glycoproteins ZPB and ZPC. (expasy.org)
• Blocking of human-sperm zona interaction by monoclonal antibodies to a glycoprotein family (ZP4) of porcine zona pellucida. (biomedcentral.com)

Binds3

• When a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions , take place. (opentextbc.ca)
• In mammals, sperm recognizes and binds to ZP3 glycoprotein of the zona pellucida. (newadvent.org)
• Mammalian zonadhesin, which binds in a species-specific manner to the zona pellucida of the egg. (embl.de)

Proteins6

• His laboratory identified and characterised proteins that make up the zona pellucida (ZP) of mammalian eggs and determined their role in fertilisation. (wikipedia.org)
• Along with protein ZP1, proteins ZP2 and ZP3 are responsible for sperm-adhesion to the zona pellucida. (expasy.org)
• 95kD sperm proteins bind ZP3 and serve as tyrosine kinase substrates in response to zona binding. (biomedcentral.com)
• However, it has remained a matter of debate as to whether the oocytes alone or in conjunction with the surrounding granulosa cells express and deposit these proteins to form the zona pellucida matrix. (mrc.ac.za)
• Addressing this unresolved issue, we assessed the expression and localization of all three zona pellucida proteins in ovaries of human, cynomolgus monkey and mice using immunohistochemical methods. (mrc.ac.za)
• In sections of human ovaries, ZPA, ZPB, and ZPC proteins were immunohistochemically detected in the cytoplasms of primordial oocytes and during later stages of folliculogenesis in the zona pellucida matrices of oocytes. (mrc.ac.za)

Mammalian2

• Mammalian mucins, glycoproteins that are major constituents of the glycocalyx that covers mucosal epithelium. (embl.de)
• The zona pellucida of mammalian oocytes plays an important role in binding and activation of sperm cells during the molecular events leading to fertilization. (mrc.ac.za)

Receptors1

• Then, upon contact with the zona pellucida, the sperm bind to receptors in the zona pellucida. (lumenlearning.com)

Corona radiata2

• The egg in humans contains two major protective layers the corona radiata containing follicular cells, and the zona pellucida. (tutordale.com)
• The corona radiata needs to be enzymatically overcome by sperm before reaching the zona pellucida. (tutordale.com)

Chromosome1

• BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides and the chromosome 11p15.5 mucin glycoproteins are expressed and secreted in a site specific fashion along the length of the gastrointestinal tract. (embl.de)

Degradation1

• If you consider the loss of millions of sperm between entry into the vagina and degradation of the zona pellucida, you can understand why a low sperm count can cause male infertility. (lumenlearning.com)

Membrane glycoproteins2

• Membrane glycoproteins found in high concentrations on iron-utilizing cells. (bvsalud.org)
• VWF mediates the adhesion of platelets to sites of vascular damage by binding to specific platelet membrane glycoproteins and to constituents of exposed connective tissue. (embl.de)

Bovine3

• Localization and functional importance of a conserved zona pellucida 2 protein domain in the human and bovine ovary using monoclonal anti-ZP2 peptide antibodies. (nih.gov)
• Gwatkin RBL, Williams DT, Meyenhofer M.: Isolation of bovine zona pellucida from ovaries with collagenase: antigenic and sperm receptor properties. (biomedcentral.com)
• We further demonstrated that dissolution of the zona pellucida of isolated bovine oocytes occurred after they were exposed to Bouin's reagent. (mrc.ac.za)

Granulosa cells1

• Previously observed results of ZP expression by an involvement of granulosa cells might therefore be the result of an improper fixation of the tissues leading to the disruption of the zona pellucida. (mrc.ac.za)

Tectorial membrane1

• Chicken β-tectorin, a major glycoprotein of avian tectorial membrane. (expasy.org)

Antigens1

• The paper summarize the main data relevant to the obtention of contraceptive vaccines based on spermatozoa as well as zona pellucida antigens. (biomedcentral.com)

HGNC1

• alpha 2-HS glycoprotein [Source:HGNC Symb. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Genes2

• To systematically discover ovarian fertility genes en masse, we employed a mouse model (Foxo3) in which follicles are assembled normally but then undergo synchronous activation. (appliedbioinfo.com)
• The genes coding for the three zona pellucida glycoproteins ZPA, ZPB, and ZPC of various species including mouse, dog, and human have been cloned and sequenced by several groups. (mrc.ac.za)

Protein2

• Expression of recombinant human zona pellucida protein 2 and its binding capacity to spermatozoa. (nih.gov)
• Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein B (ZP-B) (also known as ZP-X in rabbit and ZP-3 α in pig). (expasy.org)

Characterization1

• Characterization of a proteinase that cleaves zona pellucida glycoprotein ZP2 following activation of mouse eggs. (biomedcentral.com)

Peptide2

• The glycosylated mature peptide is one of the structural components of the zona pellucida and functions in secondary binding and penetration of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. (nih.gov)
• The POF mice model was established by injection of zona pellucida 3 peptide (pZP3). (biomedcentral.com)

Cell's2

• The underlying zona pellucida (pellucid = "transparent") is a transparent, but thick, glycoprotein membrane that surrounds the cell's plasma membrane. (lumenlearning.com)
• and (b) a calcium wave is produced throughout the new cell's cytoplasm so that the zona pellucida hardens over approximately 30 minutes and repels penetration by sperm. (robertpgeorge.com)

Fertility1

• Immunization of mice with heat-solubilized hamster zonae: production of anti-zona antibody and inhibition of fertility. (biomedcentral.com)

Binding2

• As a result of irreversible binding of the sperm to the egg, the zona pellucida triggers the acrosome reaction. (newadvent.org)
• Binding of the sperm to this inner glycoprotein membrane induces the release of hydrolytic enzymes from the acrosome. (tutordale.com)

Acrosomal2

• b) Acrosomal reactions help the sperm degrade the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allow the sperm to transfer its nucleus. (opentextbc.ca)
• Some sperm undergo a spontaneous acrosomal reaction, which is an acrosomal reaction not triggered by contact with the zona pellucida. (lumenlearning.com)

Fertilization1

• It is composed of three glycoproteins with various functions during fertilization and preimplantation development. (nih.gov)

Thick1

• The corona radiate can be made of 2 or 3 layers of cells while the zona pellucida is a clear thick membrane made of glycoproteins. (tutordale.com)

Mice1

• Female mice lacking this gene do not form a stable zona matrix and are sterile. (nih.gov)

Matrix1

• The zona pellucida (ZP), a glycoprotein matrix surrounding the egg, is the first structure zinc ions encounter as they diffuse away from the plasma membrane. (northwestern.edu)

Component1

• Glycoprotein GP2, the major component of pancreatic secretory granule membranes. (expasy.org)

Cells1

• Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a large, multimeric blood glycoprotein synthesized in endothelial cells and megakaryocytes, that is required for normal hemostasis. (embl.de)

Form1

• Zona pellucida which is composed of glycoprotein will starts to form. (slideoffice.com)