Xenopus wnt gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

The embryo of the frog Xenopus laevis is widely used as a model of cell polarization, migration, and morphogenesis due to its unique experimental advantages. (nature.com)
Adverse Effect of Metallic Gold and Silver Nanoparticles on Xenopus laevis Embryogenesis. (xenbase.org)
Transmembrane H+ fluxes and the regulation of neural induction in Xenopus laevis. (xenbase.org)
Vertebrate amphibian tadpoles of the species Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis have remarkable abilities to regenerate their tails following amputation, through the coordinated activity of numerous growth factor signalling pathways, including the Wnt, Fgf, Bmp, Notch and TGF-β pathways. (nih.gov)
In pursuit of the functions of the Wnt family of developmental regulators: insights from Xenopus laevis. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Ventral injection of a catalytically inactive form of GSK-3β in Xenopus laevis embryos results in the induction of dorsal development and differentiation of ectopic supernumerary body axes indicating that GSK-3 regulates the dorso-ventral plan formation [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Such DNA constructs, when electroporated in fertilised eggs, produce transiently transgenic embryos and allow rapid gene functional and gene regulatory analyses , in precisely identifyable tissue precursors, from earliest embryonic stages in vivo . (uibk.ac.at)
1/Ventx2.1 in Early Xenopus Embryos. (xenbase.org)
These constructs were overexpressed in the endoderm of Xenopus embryos and protein activity was induced before or after specification of endodermal precursor cells. (uni-goettingen.de)
Expression cloning was used to identify novel regulators of early embryonic patterning.We indentified Fam132b as a factor that induces hyperdorsalization and secondary axis formation in Xenopus embryos. (uni-goettingen.de)
the first being a class that transforms C57mg mouse mammary epithelial cells and also promotes duplication of the dorso-ventral axis when over-expressed in Xenopus embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, the transcription functions of xTcf3 can be inhibited by overexpression of Kaiso in cell lines and Xenopus embryos. (biologists.com)
We show that Lrp6 downregulation (by morpholino injection) or overexpression in Xenopus embryos disrupts convergent extension, a hallmark feature of Wnt/PCP components. (silverchair.com)
Integration of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways patterns the neuroectoderm along the anterior-posterior axis of sea urchin embryos. (echinobase.org)
Moreover, as is the case in vertebrate embryos, confining the ANE to the anterior end of the embryo requires a Wnt/β- catenin -dependent signaling mechanism. (echinobase.org)
B) qPCR measurements from three different cultures of embryos showing that ANE regulatory genes are up-regulated at the late blastula stage (24 hpf) in the absence of functional Fzl5/8 signaling. (echinobase.org)
The y-axis shows the fold change in gene expression in ΔFzl5/8-containing embryos relative to controls. (echinobase.org)
Microinjection of LEF-1 into XenoPus embryos induces axis duplication, which is augmented by interaction with beta-catenin. (bioseek.eu)
Szl can dorsalize Xenopus embryos if expressed after the midblastula transition, strengthening the idea that zygotic expression of wnts and in particular of Xwnt8 plays a role in antagonizing dorsal signals. (wustl.edu)
In this paper we address this problem by taking advantage of the observation that the transcription activator Brachyury is essential for gastrulation movements in Xenopus and mouse embryos. (elsevierpure.com)
Beta-catenin participates in signal transduction and developmental patterning in Xenopus and Drosophila embryos as a component of the Wnt signaling pathway. (embl.de)

SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that has been found to play a major role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
Proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have been identified as SUMOylated substrates, and evidences suggested that the initiation and progression of cancers depended on the function of the SUMOylation ( 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. (antibodies-online.com)
It encodes a protein which shows 95%, 86% and 71% amino acid identity to the mouse, zebrafish and Xenopus Wnt8B proteins, respectively. (antibodies-online.com)
Analysis of Wnt target gene expression and axis formation assays revealed that only a subset of these GR-fusion proteins is indeed inducible. (uni-goettingen.de)
Beta-catenin then accumulates in the nucleus where it interacts with its transcriptional co-activators, members of the Lymphoid Enhancer Factor/T Cell Factor (LEF/TCF) family of high mobility group DNA binding proteins to regulate gene expression [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Lysosomal function is critical for organismal homeostasis-mutations in genes encoding lysosomal proteins cause severe human disorders known as lysosomal storage diseases, and lysosome dysfunction is implicated in age-associated diseases including cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic syndrome. (stanford.edu)
Wnt proteins constitute a large family of secreted molecules that are involved in intercellular signalling during development. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The Wnt proteins seem to adhere to the plasma membrane of the secreting cells and are therefore likely to signal over only few cell diameters. (embl-heidelberg.de)
We have shown in frogs (4), flies (7) and worms (11) that the TCF proteins constitute the effectors of the canonical Wnt pathway. (hubrecht.eu)
In the absence of Wnt signaling, we found that Tcf factors associate with proteins of the Groucho family of transcriptional repressors to repress target gene transcription (9). (hubrecht.eu)
Recent evidence suggests that plakoglobin may suppress tumorigenesis and metastasis by multiple mechanisms, including the suppression of oncogenic signaling, interactions with various proteins involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis, and the regulation of the expression of genes involved in these processes. (oncotarget.com)
The cytoplasmic proteins beta-catenin of vertebrates and armadillo of Drosophila have two functions: they link the cadherin cell-adhesion molecules to the cytoskeleton, and they participate in the wnt/wingless signal pathway. (bioseek.eu)
The evolution of Sall proteins in bilaterians might have occurred mostly as a result of the loss of protein domains and gene duplications leading to diversification. (biomedcentral.com)
It is now clear that Armadillo and beta-catenin bind directly to members of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor subfamily of HMG box DNA-binding proteins, forming bipartite transcription factors that regulate Wingless/Wnt responsive genes in both Drosophila and vertebrates. (embl.de)

Wnt signaling pathways control a wide range of processes during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. (nature.com)
We focus on novel combinatorial codes for transcription factors as nuclear effectors of major signaling pathways, including Wnt and FGF/MEK signaling. (uibk.ac.at)
Furthermore, the Wnt/β-catenin can crosstalk with other signaling pathways including Notch, FGF, Hedgehog, and TGF-β/BMP signaling cascades to form a signaling network to regulate the survival and progression of cancer cells ( 14 - 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here, we use a factorial experimental design coupled with statistical modelling to understand which signalling pathways are involved in the transition between ESCs and EPL cells, and how they underpin changes in morphology, cell number, apoptosis, proliferation and gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
Vertebrate Wnt pathways can be functionally separated into two classes, the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and the non-canonical Wnt/Ca 2+ pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Wnt ligands are secreted glycoproteins that function in intracellular signaling pathways to regulate a variety of developmental processes including cell growth, cell differentiation, cell polarity, and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
It is important to emphasize that whether Wnts activate distinct responses and likely pathways is context-dependent, and thus in other contexts a given Wnt may activate another pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Vertebrate Wnts signal through frizzled receptors that in some experimental contexts (e.g., without co-expressing LRP5/6) preferentially activate the Wnt/beta-catenin or Wnt/Ca 2+ pathways [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Instead, we propose that mutual inhibition by Kaiso/TCF3 of their DNA-binding functions may be important in developmental or cancer contexts and acts as a regulatory node that integrates epigenetic and Wnt signalling pathways. (biologists.com)
Several non-canonical Wnt signalling pathways have also been elucidated that act independently of B-catenin. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Here we use morpholino- or dominant negative-mediated interference to demonstrate that the early sea urchin embryo integrates information not only from Wnt/β- catenin but also from Wnt/Fzl5/8- JNK and Fzl1/2/7-PKC pathways to provide precise spatiotemporal control of neuroectoderm patterning along its AP axis. (echinobase.org)
Because these different Wnt pathways converge on the same cell fate specification process, our data suggest they may function as integrated components of an interactive Wnt signaling network. (echinobase.org)
All these studies have shown that spalt is activated in response to several signal transduction pathways in different tissues and developmental processes [ 11 ], and the expression patterns and functions of sall genes, together with the analysis of their regulation, indicate they cannot be universally assigned to a specific signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
WNT signals are context-dependently transduced to both pathways based on the expression profile of WNT, SFRP, WIF, DKK, Frizzled receptors, coreceptors, and the activity of intracellular WNT signaling regulators. (aacrjournals.org)
Global quantification - mammalian gene expression control - Schwanhäusser et al 2011 Communication codes in developmental signaling pathways - Li & Elowitz 2019. (colorado.edu)
SGG/GSK-3 are a master switch in the Wnt/Wingless(Wg) pathways and are involved in fundamental developmental processes in animals such as cell fate specification, pattern formation and body axis formation [ 2 , 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Dickkopf-related protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DKK1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. (wikipedia.org)
It is a secreted protein with two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (Dkk1) is a protein-coding gene that acts from the anterior visceral endoderm. (wikipedia.org)
The dickkopf protein encoded by DKK1 is an antagonist of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway that acts by isolating the LRP6 co-receptor so that it cannot aid in activating the WNT signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Signaling is initiated when the Wnt ligand binds to the Frizzled receptor on the cell membrane and the LDL receptor-associated protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor. (frontiersin.org)
Here we identify the tumor suppressor Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type kappa (Ptprk), as a Wnt inhibitor of the Spemann organizer. (elifesciences.org)
The furry ( fry ) gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein with a wide variety of cellular functions, including cell polarization and morphogenesis in invertebrates. (nature.com)
The Furry (Fry) gene encodes a large protein (~ 330 kDa) that is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans. (nature.com)
Finally, we identify the region of the Lrp6 protein with Wnt/PCP activity to a stretch of 36 amino acids, distinct from regions required for Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (silverchair.com)
Activity of this protein is modulated by binding to the Wnt co-receptor and the co-factor kremen 2. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
Thus beta-catenin regulates gene expression by direct interaction with transcription factors such as LEF-1, providing a molecular mechanism for the transmission of signals, from cell-adhesion components or wnt protein to the nucleus. (bioseek.eu)
The gene (which we called sizzled for secreted frizzled) was shown to encode a soluble secreted protein, containing a functional signal sequence but no transmembrane domains. (wustl.edu)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
WNT, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Notch, Hedgehog, and transforming growth factor β/bone morphogenetic protein signaling network are implicated in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis by regulating self-renewal of normal stem cells as well as proliferation or differentiation of progenitor (transit-amplifying) cells. (aacrjournals.org)

Members of the Wnt gene family are defined by their sequence similarity to mouse Wnt-1 and Wingless in Drosophila. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Wnts are a recently described family of secreted glycoproteins related to the Drosophila segment polarity gene, wingless, and to the proto-oncogene, int-1. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Wnt-3a is one of 19 vertebrate members of the Wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt) family of highly conserved cysteine-rich secreted glycoproteins important for normal developmental processes (1). (novusbio.com)
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is homologous to the product of the Drosophila gene shaggy (zeste-white 3), which is required for signalling by wingless during Drosophila development. (nyu.edu)
These results indicate that GSK-3 is required for ventral differentiation, and suggest that dorsal differentiation may involve the suppression of GSK-3 activity by a wingless/wnt-related signal. (nyu.edu)
Involved in transducing the Wingless/Wnt signal. (embl.de)
The armadillo (Arm) repeat is an approximately 40 amino acid long tandemly repeated sequence motif first identified in the Drosophila melanogaster segment polarity gene armadillo involved in signal transduction through wingless. (embl.de)
Within the past year, Armadillo and beta-catenin's role in transducing the Wingless/Wnt signal has been substantially clarified. (embl.de)
Beta-catenin is essential for cadherin-based cell adhesion and Wnt/Wingless growth factor signaling. (embl.de)

Shimeld, S.M. (2022): Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia. (uibk.ac.at)
Elegant functional experiments in a range of vertebrate models have provided an in-depth understanding of gene regulatory interactions within the ectoderm. (bvsalud.org)
Wnt genes are highly conserved between vertebrate species sharing overall sequence identity and gene structure, and are slightly less conserved between vertebrates and invertebrates. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Rspo2 inhibits TCF3 phosphorylation to antagonize Wnt signaling during vertebrate anteroposterior axis specification. (xenbase.org)
Remarkably, the anterior neuroectoderm (ANE) of the deuterostome sea urchin embryo expresses many of the same transcription factors and secreted modulators of Wnt signaling, as does the early vertebrate ANE (forebrain/eye field). (echinobase.org)
To test whether GSK-3 is also involved in vertebrate pattern formation, its role was investigated during early Xenopus development. (nyu.edu)

regulation of gastrulation movements via Dishevelled , but not through the canonical Wnt pathway. (xenbase.org)
Studies have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls cell fate and function through the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of omics networks. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, precise regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling as a cancer-targeting strategy may contribute to the treatment of some malignancies. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review the complex regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by SUMOylation and discuss the potential targets of SUMOylation therapy. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we show that in Xenopus, Fry plays a role in morphogenetic processes during gastrulation, in addition to its previously described function in the regulation of dorsal mesoderm gene expression. (nature.com)
We infer from this observation that amongst the target genes of Brachyury are some that are involved in the regulation of gastrulation. (elsevierpure.com)

This inhibition can be rescued by Dsh , a component of the Wnt signalling pathway and also by a truncated form of Dsh which cannot signal through the canonical Wnt pathway involving GSK-3 and (beta)-catenin. (xenbase.org)

Moreover, non-canonical Wnt target genes are regulated via RoR2, Dvl2, ATF2 and ATF4. (nature.com)
The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is known to regulate multiple developmental events,including development of the digestive tract. (uni-goettingen.de)
We generated a set of putative hormone-inducible activators or repressors of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. (uni-goettingen.de)
Analysis of pancreatic marker gene expression revealed that activation as well as repression of canonical Wnt signaling, early and late, inhibit exocrine pancreatic development. (uni-goettingen.de)
Many downstream gene targets of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway have been identified http://www.stke.org . (biomedcentral.com)
Wnts in this functional class activate the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (Wnt-1, -3A, and -8). (biomedcentral.com)
Wnts in this class have been shown to signal in a non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, the Wnt/Ca 2+ pathway (Wnt-5a, -4, -11). (biomedcentral.com)
Use of a dominant-negative Xwntll construct confirms that signalling by this class of Wnts is essential for normal gastrulation movements, and further investigation suggests that Xwntll signals not through the canonical Wnt signalling pathway involving GSK-3 and beta-catenin but through another route, which may require small GTPases such as Rho and Rac. (elsevierpure.com)
Canonical WNT signals are transduced through Frizzled family receptors and LRP5/LRP6 coreceptor to the β-catenin signaling cascade. (aacrjournals.org)
Epigenetic silencing and loss-of-function mutation of negative regulators of the canonical WNT pathway occur in a variety of human cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and PPARγ agonists with the potential to inhibit the canonical WNT signaling pathway are candidate agents for chemoprevention. (aacrjournals.org)
ZTM000990 and PKF118-310 are lead compounds targeted to the canonical WNT signaling cascade. (aacrjournals.org)

β-catenin then translocates to the nucleus where it forms a complex with TCF/LEF transcription factors and activates Wnt target gene expression 28 , 29 . (nature.com)
Finally, we find that retinoic acid signalling activates both Irx1 and Irx3 genes in the pronephros. (silverchair.com)
Upon Wnt signaling, ß-catenin binds and activates nuclear TCFs by providing a trans-activation domain. (hubrecht.eu)
The Wnt pathway activates target genes by controlling the β-catenin-T-cell factor (TCF) transcriptional complex during embryonic development and cancer. (xenbase.org)

In Drosophila , a pool of SGG isoenzymes encoded by a single gene is necessary to establish cell fate and polarity within embryonic segments [ 8 ] as well as for development of the nervous system [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In Xenopus , the specification of the pronephric anlage occurs in the late gastrula/early neurula (stage 12). (silverchair.com)

Uncoupling the BMP receptor antagonist function from the WNT agonist function of R-spondin 2 using the inhibitory peptide dendrimer RWd. (xenbase.org)
Here we demonstrate that, during Xenopus anteroposterior axis specification, Rspo2 functions as a Wnt antagonist, both morphologically and at the level of gene targets and pathway mediators. (xenbase.org)
There, the Wnt receptor antagonist, Dkk1 , protects this state through a negative feedback mechanism. (echinobase.org)
szl thus encodes a secreted antagonist of wnt signaling likely involved in inhibiting Xwnt8 and XmyoD ventrally and whose restricted expression represents a new element in the molecular pattern of the ventral marginal zone. (wustl.edu)

In contrast, little is known about the Wnt/Ca 2+ pathway and whether it regulates gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Wnt signaling regulates β-catenin-mediated gene transcription and planar cell polarity (PCP). (silverchair.com)

In mammals, the family of Wnt ligands consists of 19 members, which trigger multiple intracellular signaling cascades and orchestrate complex, context-dependent responses. (nature.com)
The human WNT gene family consists of 19 members, encoding evolutionarily conserved glycoproteins with 22 or 24 Cys residues ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)

In addition, Wnt/β-catenin has emerged as a critical regulator of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which is considered one of the root causes of cancer recurrence and metastasis because of their heterogeneity and plasticity ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
We show that PTPRK acts via the transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF3, a negative regulator of Wnt signaling promoting Wnt receptor degradation, which is also expressed in the organizer. (elifesciences.org)
Our discovery of PTPRK as a negative regulator of Wnt receptor turnover provides a rationale for its tumor suppressive function and reveals that in PTPRK-RSPO3 recurrent cancer fusions both fusion partners, in fact, encode ZNRF3 regulators. (elifesciences.org)
ADAM11 a novel regulator of Wnt and BMP4 signaling in neural crest and cancer. (xenbase.org)
These observations suggest that Rspo2 is a context-specific regulator of TCF3 phosphorylation and Wnt signaling. (xenbase.org)

A hallmark of Spemann organizer function is its expression of Wnt antagonists that regulate axial embryonic patterning. (elifesciences.org)
Analysis of Wnt and BMP target gene expression as well as luciferase reporter experiments revealed that Fam132b does not regulate Wnt signaling activity, but antagonizes the BMP signaling pathway. (uni-goettingen.de)
A superb compilation of reviews from leading experts in the field of Wnt signaling (signaling molecules that regulate cell-to-cell interactions during embryogenesis), volume 17 in the Advances in Developmental Biology series offers 7 chapters, each devoted to a separate area of research on Wnt signaling. (jclevel.com)

However, predicting the signaling outcome of different Wnt ligands has remained difficult. (nature.com)
There is a large family of Wnt ligands and not all Wnts are thought to function in the same pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, Rspo2 did not influence Dishevelled phosphorylation in response to Wnt ligands, suggesting that Frizzled activity is not affected. (xenbase.org)

The Wnt co-receptor, Lrp6, is required for signaling along the β-catenin arm. (silverchair.com)
Taken together, these data suggest that Lrp6 inhibits Wnt/PCP signaling. (silverchair.com)

Cellular competition corrects noisy Wnt morphogen gradients to achieve robust ratterning in the zebrafish embryo - Akieda et al. (colorado.edu)

Further analysis indicated that the Wnt antagonism is due to the inhibitory effect of Rspo2 on TCF3 /TCF7L1 phosphorylation that normally leads to target gene activation. (xenbase.org)

Future work will concentrate on elucidating the Xwnt11 signal transduction pathway and on investigating its influence on cell shape and polarity during Xenopus gastrulation. (elsevierpure.com)
WNT signals are transduced to the canonical pathway for cell fate determination, and to the noncanonical pathway for control of cell movement and tissue polarity. (aacrjournals.org)

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a delicate and complex signal transduction pathway mediated by multiple signaling molecules, which plays a significant role in regulating human physiology and pathology. (frontiersin.org)
The Wnt signal transduction pathway is important in a wide variety of developmental processes as well as in the genesis of human cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

We have isolated and characterized a novel Xenopus wnt gene, Xwnt-11, whose expression pattern and overexpression phenotype suggest that it may be important for dorsal-ventral axis formation. (harvard.edu)

Deficiency of ptprk increases Wnt signaling, leading to reduced expression of Spemann organizer effector genes and inducing head and axial defects. (elifesciences.org)

Many downstream target genes of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway have been identified. (biomedcentral.com)

Two other Wnt target genes, RNF43 and ZNRF3, encode stem cell-specific E3 ligases that downregulate Wnt receptors in a negative feedback loop (35). (hubrecht.eu)
An expression cloning screen was used to isolate a novel gene homologous to the extracellular cysteine-rich domain of frizzled receptors. (wustl.edu)
Noncanonical WNT signals are transduced through Frizzled family receptors and ROR2/RYK coreceptors to the Dishevelled-dependent (Rho family GTPases and c-jun NH 2 -terminal kinase) or the Ca 2+ -dependent (NLK and nuclear factor of activated T cells) signaling cascades. (aacrjournals.org)
Noncanonical WNT signals are transduced through Frizzled family receptors and ROR2/RYK coreceptors to the DVL-dependent (Rho family GTPases and JNK) or the Ca 2+ -dependent (NLK and NFAT) signaling cascades. (aacrjournals.org)

Here, we show that Xenopus tadpole tail amputation induces a sustained production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during tail regeneration. (nih.gov)
Recombinant Human Wnt-3a (Catalog # 5036-WN) induces alkaline phosphatase production by the MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblast cell line. (novusbio.com)

genes during early embryonic development. (xenbase.org)

Activation of Xwnt11 is induced in an immediate-early fashion by Xbra and its expression in vivo is abolished by a dominant-interfering form of Xbra , Xbra -En(R). Overexpression of a dominant-negative form of Xwnt11 , like overexpression of Xbra -En(R), inhibits convergent extension movements. (xenbase.org)

The Iroquois (Irx) genes encode evolutionary conserved homeoproteins. (silverchair.com)

2013), Integration of canonical and noncanonical Wnt s. (echinobase.org)

This evidence supports the idea that inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway by DKK1 is crucial to proper cranial development. (wikipedia.org)
Analysis of endogenous target gene expression and promoter reporter studies indicated that Fam132b selectively inhibits BMP and not activin or FGF induced signaling, and that inhibition occurs at the extracellular level. (uni-goettingen.de)

DKK1 was also demonstrated to antagonize the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via a reduction in β-catenin and an increase in OCT4 expression. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists have created a DKK1 knockout model in mice that revealed the effects of this gene. (wikipedia.org)
DKK1 is one of the most upregulated genes in androgen-potentiated balding, with DKK-1 messenger RNA upregulated a few hours after DHT treatment of hair follicles at the dermal papilla in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
Because of its antagonistic effects on the Wnt signaling pathway, it is believed that DKK1 is a common marker for neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. (wikipedia.org)

Amongst the intestinal Wnt target genes (13), we found the Gpr49/Lgr5 gene to be unique in that it marks small cycling cells at crypt bottoms. (hubrecht.eu)
The Wnt target gene encoding the transcription factor Achaete scute-like 2 controls intestinal stem cell state (26). (hubrecht.eu)
Daughters of the small intestinal stem cells, the Paneth cells, serve as crypt niche cells by providing Wnt, Notch and EGF signals (33). (hubrecht.eu)
Wnt signaling intimately interacts with the BMP and Notch cascades to drive proliferation and inhibit differentiation in intestinal crypts and adenomas (17, 20). (hubrecht.eu)

Here, we aimed at identifying a β-catenin-independent Wnt target gene signature in order to understand the functional significance of non-canonical signaling in colon cancer cells. (nature.com)
The Tcf4-driven target gene program in colorectal cancer cells is the malignant counterpart of a physiological gene program in selfrenewing crypts (13, 14). (hubrecht.eu)
G) Target gene expression in Wnt8 and Rspo2 -stimulated ectoderm explants. (xenbase.org)

The early Xfoxi1a expression in the anteroventral ectoderm is dependent on Bmp signals and suppressed by Wnt signals. (biologists.com)
Recent studies in Xenopus have pursued the diverse roles of Xwnts in early development, the mechanisms by which Xwnts signal information between cells, and the cell physiological responses to Xwnt signals. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Wnt signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling route required for development and homeostasis. (nature.com)

1993. Xwnt-11: a maternally expressed Xenopus wnt gene. (harvard.edu)

Non-canonical, β-catenin-independent Wnt signaling is proposed to have a multifunctional role in tumorigenesis, being either tumor supportive or suppressive depending on tumorstage and tumortype 9 . (nature.com)
Abnormally activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in promoting malignant tumor occurrence, development, recurrence, and metastasis, particularly in cancer stem cells. (frontiersin.org)
The expression of this gene is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. (novusbio.com)
In these roles, it binds to cadherins, Tcf-family transcription factors, and the tumor suppressor gene product Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC). (embl.de)

We identify a '4Y' endocytic signal in ZNRF3, which Ptprk maintains unphosphorylated to promote Wnt receptor depletion. (elifesciences.org)
Unexpectedly, the binding to RNF43/ZNRF3 and LGR4/5 was not required for the Wnt inhibitory activity. (xenbase.org)

Conceptually, it is an efficient way to treat cancer involved the hijacking of PTMs of the key molecules in Wnt/β-catenin. (frontiersin.org)

Expanding the CRISPR/Cas genome-editing scope in Xenopus tropicalis. (xenbase.org)

One of the genes that confers mesodermal identity in Xenopus is Brachyury ( Xbra ), which is required for normal gastrulation movements and ultimately for posterior mesoderm and notochord differentiation in the development of all vertebrates. (xenbase.org)

The Wnt signaling pathway is crucial for brain development processes, which include neuron proliferation and differentiation as well as neuroblast migration and axon guidance. (wikipedia.org)
Genes & Development. (wikipedia.org)
Normal Table of Xenopus development: a new graphical resource. (xenbase.org)
In animal cap explants Fam132b is induced by Etv2/er71, which is known to activate expression of endothelial and hematopoietic genes in this system.Analysis of hematopoietic and vascular marker gene expression in Etv2/er71 expressing animal cap explants using multiplex Nanostring nCounter analysis revealed that Fam132b can enhance endothelial development at the expense of blood cell lineages. (uni-goettingen.de)
We report that Xenopus genes Irx1 and Irx3 are expressed and required during different stages of Xenopus pronephros development. (silverchair.com)
This fact, and the accessibility of Xenopus to genetic manipulation, makes this animal an excellent model system with which to study kidney development. (silverchair.com)
Our data rule out a model suggesting that xKaiso is a direct repressor of Wnt signalling target genes in early Xenopus development via binding to promoter-proximal CTGCNA sequences as part of a xTcf3 repressor complex. (biologists.com)

Our experiments indicate that colon cancer cells are dependent on both β-catenin-dependent and -independent Wnt signaling routes for growth and proliferation. (nature.com)
This suggests the possibility that strictly regulated self-renewal mediated by Wnt signaling in cancer cells may be disturbed by the SUMOylation pathway to allow more malignant proliferation. (frontiersin.org)

Tada M and Smith JC (2000), Xwnt11 is a target of Xenopus Brachyury: regula. (xenbase.org)

The expression patterns of the human and mouse genes appear identical and are restricted to the developing brain. (antibodies-online.com)
Furthermore, we find that genes previously classified as neural plate border 'specifiers' typically exhibit dynamic expression patterns and are enriched in either neural, neural crest or placodal fates, revealing that the neural plate border should be seen as a heterogeneous ectodermal territory and not a discrete transitional transcriptional state. (bvsalud.org)

In mammals, physiological Wnt signaling is intimately involved with the biology of adult stem cells and self-renewing tissues (18,19). (hubrecht.eu)

While canonical, β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling is well studied and has been linked to many forms of cancer, much less is known about the role of non-canonical, β-catenin-independent Wnt signaling. (nature.com)
Gene expression profiling was performed after silencing of key components of Wnt signaling pathway and an iterative signature algorithm was applied to predict pathway-dependent gene signatures. (nature.com)
Following the first member of the Wnt family identified over the last four decades ( 25 ), several recent studies have focused on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ( 26 , 27 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we wanted to systematically analyze the role of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway during early and late phases of endodermal organogenesis. (uni-goettingen.de)
Supporting differences in Wnt signaling, gain of function of Wnt-1 in C57mg mouse mammary epithelial cells leads to their morphological transformation while loss of function of Wnt-5a leads to the same transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
We were the first to link Wnt signaling with adult stem cell biology, when we showed that TCF4 gene disruption leads to the abolition of crypts of the small intestine (8), and that TCF1 gene knockout severely disables the stem cell compartment of the thymus (2). (hubrecht.eu)
Lgr5 resides in Wnt receptor complexes and mediates signaling of the Wnt-agonistic R-spondins (31), explaining the unique dependence of Lgr5 stem cells on secreted R-spondins in vivo and in vitro. (hubrecht.eu)
Rspo2 antagonizes Wnt signaling. (xenbase.org)
In this context, β-catenin has a well-documented oncogenic potential as a component of the Wnt signaling pathway. (oncotarget.com)
After the optimization, derivatives of small-molecule compound and human monoclonal antibody targeted to the WNT signaling pathway could be used in cancer medicine. (aacrjournals.org)
Landscape of WNT signaling cascades. (aacrjournals.org)

To test the hypothesis that a specific cell line can respond to distinct Wnts with different patterns of gene expression, we over-expressed Wnt-5a and Rfz-2 in C57mg mammary epithelial cells and compared this cell line to C57mg cells over-expressing Wnt-1. (biomedcentral.com)
Different Wnts have distinct effects on gene expression in a single cell line. (biomedcentral.com)

Using DNA microarray analysis, we identified several genes that are regulated by Wnt-5a and Rfz-2 as well as by Wnt-1. (biomedcentral.com)

1) the mechanisms and dynamics for gene regulatory switches affecting the pluripotent ectoderm in vivo . (uibk.ac.at)
EPL cells retain expression of pluripotency genes, upregulate primitive ectoderm markers, undergo a morphological change and have increased cell number. (bvsalud.org)
During gastrulation in Xenopus , the head ectoderm is subdivided into the central nervous system (CNS) anlage (neural plate) and the non-CNS ectoderm (i.e. epidermis, placodes and neural crest). (biologists.com)
In Xenopus , the non-CNS ectoderm of the head region (referred to as`cephalic non-neural ectoderm' hereafter) has several characteristic features. (biologists.com)

Anatomy35

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs86

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care1

Laevis6

Embryos15

Proteins15

Pathways17

Protein15

Wingless9

Vertebrate6

Regulation6

Component of the Wnt signall1

Canonical Wnt12

Activates4

Drosophila1

Gastrula1

Antagonist4

Regulates2

Consists of 19 members2

Regulator5

Regulate3

Ligands3

LRP62

Zebrafish1

Antagonism1

Polarity2

Signal transdu2

Ventral1

Effector1

Beta-catenin1

Receptors4

Induces2

Embryonic1

Overexpression1

Encode1

Noncanonical1

Inhibition2

DKK14

Intestinal4

Target gene3

Signals2

Evolutionarily conserved1

19931

Tumor4

ZNRF32

Molecules1

Tropicalis1

Gastrulation movements1

Development7

Proliferation2

Xwnt111

Expression patterns2

Mammals1

Signaling11

Distinct2

Several genes1

Ectoderm4