Laevis oocytesMaturationReceptorsMRNAProteinEmbryoEmbryosMammalianCurrentsRecombinantMitosisAmino acidChloride channelsReceptorMaternalResponsesVoltage clampExtractsTropicalisMRNAsGeneTranslationalElegansExpressionGenusNucleusDevelopmentalTranscriptionIonsRegulationPharmacologicalEggsAdultStimulationStudyMechanismEarlySpecificNuclearActivationDevelopmentActivityCell
Laevis oocytes10
- British Library EThOS: The use of Xenopus laevis oocytes as a transcription assay. (bl.uk)
- TOF-SIMS 3D Biomolecular Imaging of Xenopus laevis Oocytes Using Buckminsterfullerene (C60) Primary Ions. (manchester.ac.uk)
- Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing hOAT1 supported probenecid-sensitive uptake of [ 3 H] p -aminohippurate ( K m = 4 μM), which was trans -stimulated in oocytes preloaded with glutarate. (aspetjournals.org)
- The rat kidney Na + -HCO 3 - cotransporter (rkNBC) was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and transport via rkNBC was studied with the patch- clamp technique in giant inside/out (i/o) or outside/out (o/o) membrane patches. (elsevierpure.com)
- Polyadenylated [poly(A)+] mRNA isolated from rabbit small-intestinal mucosa was injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, and expression of the N2 Na+/nucleoside co-transporter was assayed by measuring Na+-dependent thymidine uptake. (kent.ac.uk)
- These properties of the expressed thymidine transport strongly suggest that the epithelial N2 Na+/nucleoside co-transporter can be expressed in X. laevis oocytes. (kent.ac.uk)
- The effect of the plant-derived nonpsychotropic cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), on the function of hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 3A receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes was investigated using two-electrode voltage-clamp techniques. (uaeu.ac.ae)
- These data demonstrate that CBD is an allosteric inhibitor of 5-HT 3 receptors expressed in X. laevis oocytes. (uaeu.ac.ae)
- AC-ac, Alisol C 23-aceteate) on 5-HT-induced currents mediated by the human 5-HT 3 A receptor expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. (ewha.ac.kr)
- Influenza D virus M2 protein exhibits ion channel activity in Xenopus laevis oocytes. (cdc.gov)
Maturation14
- Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and MAPK kinase (MAPKK) are activated during Xenopus oocyte maturation concomitant with the activation of maturation promoting factor (MPF). (elsevierpure.com)
- We reported previously that an anti-MAPKK neutralizing antibody inhibited progesterone- or Mos- induced initiation of oocyte maturation. (elsevierpure.com)
- Here, we show that injection of CL100 (also called MAPK phosphatase-1) into immature oocytes inhibited progesterone-induced oocyte maturation as well as MAPK activation and that injection of mRNA encoding a constitutively active MAPKK induced activation of histone H1 kinase and germinal vesicle breakdown in the absence of progesterone. (elsevierpure.com)
- Injection of recombinant STE11 protein (a yeast MAPKK kinase) also induced initiation of oocyte maturation. (elsevierpure.com)
- These data support the idea that the MAPKK/MAPK cascade plays an important role in oocyte maturation. (elsevierpure.com)
- These results are consistent with an idea that there may exist a positive feedback loop consisting of Mos, the MAPKK/MAPK cascade, and MPF, which may be important for the initiation of oocyte maturation induced by progesterone. (elsevierpure.com)
- We also demonstrate that aPKC and Vangl2 are required for the cell membrane asymmetry that is established during oocyte maturation, and for the asymmetrical distribution of maternal transcripts for the germ layer and dorsal/ventral determinants VegT and Wnt11. (silverchair.com)
- Maturation enhancement by microinjection into Xenopus oocytes represents a useful novel assay for analyzing Abl activity. (torvergata.it)
- To better understand this control, we profiled translational efficiencies and poly(A)-tail lengths throughout Drosophila oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. (elifesciences.org)
- Our results also revealed the presence of tail-length-independent mechanisms that maintained translation despite tail-length shortening during oocyte maturation, and prevented essentially all translation of bicoid and several other mRNAs before egg activation. (elifesciences.org)
- The production of viable offspring requires three key developmental events: oocyte maturation, the oocyte-to-embryo transition (OET), and the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) ( Figure 1A ). (elifesciences.org)
- Oocyte maturation involves the release of the primary meiotic arrest at prophase I and progression of the oocyte nucleus into meiotic divisions to produce a mature oocyte (egg) capable of being fertilized ( Von Stetina and Orr-Weaver, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
- Xenopus laevis , S. tropicalis has research advantages: dip- for preparation of decontaminated suspensions for culture loidy and brief maturation time make this species ideal for and microscopic examination ( 3 , 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- 1998. Influence of organochlorine pesticides on maturation and post-fertilization development of bovine oocytes in vitro . (cdc.gov)
Receptors9
- Effects of steroids on gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes by poly(A)+ RNA from mammalian brain and retina. (aspetjournals.org)
- Electrical recordings were made in Xenopus oocytes to study the modulatory effects of steroids on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors expressed by RNA from mammalian brain and retina. (aspetjournals.org)
- Injected intravenously into adult Xenopus females, the protein-DNA complex is rapidly transported through the bloodstream and, within the ovary, the vitellogenin ligand present in the protein binds to the receptors at the surface of the oocytes. (biologists.com)
- Xenopus oocytes have been extensively used to study biogenesis, functional architecture, and modulation of plasma membrane expression of mRNAs encoding membrane receptors or ion channels. (researchbib.com)
- 1987) reported for the first time that Xenopus oocytes successfully express glutamate receptors from lobster (Palinurus japonicus ) abdominal muscle. (researchbib.com)
- 1990) published that amino acid receptors expressed in Xenopus oocyte after " microinjection of mRNA from the leg of locust Schistocerca gregaria. (researchbib.com)
- In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide inhibits the function of nACh α 7 receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes in a cannabinoid receptor-independent and non-competitive manner. (uaeu.ac.ae)
- CBD (1 μM) did not alter specific binding of the 5-HT 3A antagonist [ 3 H]3-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1-(1-methylindol-3-yl)propan-1-one (GR65630), in oocytes expressing 5-HT 3A receptors. (uaeu.ac.ae)
- Taken together, these results indicate that triterpenoids may regulate the 5-HT 3 A receptors that are expressed in Xenopus oocytes. (ewha.ac.kr)
MRNA6
- reported that Xenopus oocytes translate foreign mRNA. (researchbib.com)
- 1981) demonstrated the presence of binding sites for a-bungarotoxin when oocytes were injected with mRNA from the electric organ of Torpedo marmorata. (researchbib.com)
- mRNA translation in Xenopus oocytes. (singerinstruments.com)
- The injected and endogenous mRNAs compete for the oocyte translational machinery in a process that normally results in the translation of at least a fraction of the injected mRNA and in a concomitant decrease in the synthesis of endogenous proteins (1). (singerinstruments.com)
- Because of these and other characteristics, Xenopus oocytes have been successfully used in situations when more than the mere translation of the mRNA was required. (singerinstruments.com)
- Here we show that the activation kinetics of I sK expressed in Xenopus oocytes depend upon the amount of its mRNA injected, with larger amounts resulting in slower activation kinetics with a longer initial delay during activation. (wustl.edu)
Protein5
- The newly developed oocyte shuttle protein contains a streptavidin moiety that tightly binds biotinylated DNA. (biologists.com)
- The injected oocytes can survive in vitro for long periods in simple salt media, and a single oocyte can synthesize nanogram amounts of foreign protein/hour, This often allows the analysis to be performed on the material obtained from one or few oocytes. (singerinstruments.com)
- The increase in Mos protein and the activation of MAPK by injecting cyclin A protein into immature oocytes were both blocked also by cycloheximide treatment. (elsevierpure.com)
- We show that Vangl2 is distributed in animally enriched islands in the subcortical cytoplasm in full-grown oocytes, where it interacts with a post-Golgi v-SNARE protein, VAMP1, and acetylated microtubules. (silverchair.com)
- The two enrichment strategies allow probing of methyl-CpG protein interactions in early vertebrate oocytes and embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryo2
- Enhanced water recipe and enrichment for oocyte quality and embryo development in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). (awionline.org)
- Spermatogenesis produces haploid sperm capable of penetrating the oocyte, whereas oogenesis produces differentiated oocytes that are stockpiled with maternal nutrients, proteins, and mRNAs, and have outer layers that protect the embryo and enable fertilization. (elifesciences.org)
Embryos4
- The dramatic increase of good embryos due to this enhanced water recipe and the reduction of females being used, combined with the robustness of males due to species-specific enrichment being provided, yielded a greater quality of life for this Xenopus laevis colony. (awionline.org)
- Because maturing oocytes and early embryos lack appreciable transcription, posttranscriptional regulatory processes control their development. (elifesciences.org)
- Studies using Xenopus cell-free extracts, oocytes, eggs, embryos, larval stages, and adult frogs have yielded important insights into a multitude of key biological processes-from mechanisms underlying the cell cycle to embryonic development to human disease. (cshlpress.com)
- For a reverse experiment, DNA methylation in early Xenopus embryos was assessed by MBD affinity capture. (biomedcentral.com)
Mammalian3
- Here we investigate the dynamics of histone H3 variants in the reprogramming of mammalian nuclei transplanted to Xenopus oocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
- In contrast to versions of Abl capable of transforming mammalian cells, which were highly active when introduced into oocytes, the activity of wild type c-Abl was inhibited. (torvergata.it)
- Altogether, this suggests that an SH3 domain-dependent Abl regulation mechanism similar to the one observed in mammalian cells operates in Xenopus oocytes. (torvergata.it)
Currents1
- To investigate the mechanism of the egl-2(gf) phenotype and rescue by imipramine, we analyzed EGL-2 currents in Xenopus oocytes. (jneurosci.org)
Recombinant2
- Heterologous expression of recombinant P. falciparum hemolysin III in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated early hypotonic lysis similar to that of the pore-forming aquaporin control. (johnshopkins.edu)
- We therefore investigated whether NAD and NADP interact with both Kir6.2 and SUR1 subunits of the KATP channel by comparing the potency of these agents on recombinant Kir6.2DeltaC and Kir6.2/SUR1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
Mitosis1
- In most animals the oocyte is arrested in meiosis, and fertilization leads to initiation of mitosis as the oocyte nucleus completes meiosis and fuses with the haploid sperm nucleus. (elifesciences.org)
Amino acid1
Chloride channels1
- 1991) recently reported that C. elegans poly A+ RNA injected into Xenopus oocytes expresses L-glutamate-sensitive chloride channels. (researchbib.com)
Receptor2
- 1986). A Xenopus oocyte can also assemble the subunits of a receptor and insert them into its surface membrane (Parker et al. (researchbib.com)
- The effect of the endogenous cannabinoid ligand anandamide on the function of the cloned α 7 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes was investigated by using the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Maternal1
- This study demonstrates the interaction and interdependence of Vangl2, VAMP1, aPKC and the stable microtubule cytoskeleton in the oocyte, shows that maternal Vangl2 and aPKC are required for specific oocyte asymmetries and vertebrate embryonic patterning, and points to the usefulness of the oocyte as a model to study the polarity problem. (silverchair.com)
Responses2
- As reported in neurons and in other expression systems, GABAA responses expressed in oocytes by cerebral cortex RNA were strongly and stereospecifically potentiated by 5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one (3 alpha-OH-DHP) and 5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha,21-diol-20-one (THDOC). (aspetjournals.org)
- L-glutamate responses in oocytes injected with lobster muscle RNA have been also reported by Kawai et al. (researchbib.com)
Voltage clamp1
- In this chapter we describe technical aspects and experimental potential of the two electrodes voltage clamp (TEVC) electrophysiological approach applied to the Xenopus oocyte-expression system. (uninsubria.it)
Extracts1
- Endogenous MeCP2 and MBD3 were precipitated from Xenopus oocyte extracts and conditions for methylation-specific binding were optimized. (biomedcentral.com)
Tropicalis1
- The manual covers both Xenopus laevis and the smaller Xenopus tropicalis species. (cshlpress.com)
MRNAs1
- The large size, resilience, and high translational capacity of the fullgrown Xenopus oocyte has made it a widely used system for the translation of microinjected natural and synthetic mRNAs. (singerinstruments.com)
Gene3
- In nuclear transfer to Xenopus eggs, histone H3.3 participates in the transmission of an active state of a gene, even in embryonic lineages where genes should be silenced [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, the transplanted nuclei undergo dramatic changes in their pattern of gene expression so that transcription is switched directly from a somatic to an oocyte type. (biomedcentral.com)
- This association between histone H3.3 and the HIRA deposition pathway has been further demonstrated to play a critical role during a major change in gene expression at gastrulation in Xenopus [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Translational1
- Xenopus oocytes are capable of translation and post-translational modification (Ghysdael et al. (researchbib.com)
Elegans1
Expression4
- 1982) presented the first electrophysiological evidence for the expression of functional nAChR in Xenopus oocytes. (researchbib.com)
- RNA derived from alpha-L1 cDNA when injected alone in Xenopus oocyte resulted in the expression of functional nAChR. (researchbib.com)
- To elucidate the structure and properties of this channel, we used Xenopus oocytes for expression cloning of two functional complementary DNAs encoding an avermectin-sensitive glutamate-gated chloride channel. (nih.gov)
- Expression of the mutated genes in xenopus oocytes has provided some insight into how the potassium channel mutation leads to lowering of the seizure threshold. (medscape.com)
Genus2
- Members of the frog Xenopus genus are versatile model organisms used in developmental biology, cell biology, neuroscience, and toxicology research, among others. (cshlpress.com)
- For over a century amphibians from the genus Xenopus have been the organisms of choice to study developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Nucleus1
- The bound complex is internalized and translocates into the oocyte nucleus thanks to an SV40 nuclear localization signal, enhanced by an adjacent casein kinase phosphorylation site. (biologists.com)
Developmental1
- In Xenopus, zebrafish, and Drosophila the major activation of zygotic transcription occurs as the cell cycle lengthens and gastrulation begins, a developmental period referred to as the midblastula transition. (elifesciences.org)
Transcription2
- It is necessary for the shift from a somatic- to an oocyte-type of transcription after nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
- While those observed in eggs may well be related to DNA synthesis and cell replication coupled events during the cell cycle, those that take place in somatic nuclei transplanted to oocytes which do not replicate DNA and are arrested in prophase I of meiosis are associated essentially with new transcription and are independent of cell cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Ions1
Regulation1
Pharmacological1
- Besides the study of the physiological properties of specific ion channels as well as their pharmacological modulation, further applications of the TEVC on oocytes include the possibility to introduce single point mutations in the channel construct and to infer to possible structural aspects and functional involvements of single amino acidic residues. (uninsubria.it)
Eggs2
- Nuclear transfer to eggs and oocytes attempts to identify the mechanism of this direct route towards reprogramming by natural components. (biomedcentral.com)
- A number of histone changes are already known to be associated with nuclear reprogramming by eggs and oocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Adult1
- There are protocols for analyses of Xenopus immunology, neurobiology, metamorphosis, and adult physiology. (cshlpress.com)
Stimulation1
- Oncogenic forms of Abl efficiently enhanced the ability of Xenopus oocytes to enter M phase following stimulation by progesterone. (torvergata.it)
Study2
- These data demonstrate that in the oocyte cell membrane rkNBC works with q=2 as previously observed in a study of isolated microperfused tubules (Seki et al. (elsevierpure.com)
- This study demonstrates that the incorporation of histone H3.3 is an early and necessary step in the direct reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei by oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism1
Early1
- Finally, early work showed that plasmid DNA injected to oocytes is differently transcribed depending on whether its chromatin has been assembled in a DNA synthesis dependent or independent manner [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Specific1
- Husbandry staff set a goal to develop a health monitoring program for a Xenopus laevis colony that included not only specific pathogen freedom, but wellness. (awionline.org)
Nuclear1
- After nuclear transplantation, oocyte-derived H3.3 but not H3.2, is deposited on several regions of the genome including rDNA, major satellite repeats, and the regulatory regions of Oct4. (biomedcentral.com)
Activation1
Development1
- The generation of a zygote through fertilization marks the onset of development for the offspring, and requires the proper completion of sperm and oocyte development in the respective parents. (elifesciences.org)
Activity1
- We have tested the activity of human c-Abl microinjected into oocytes of Xenopus laevis. (torvergata.it)
Cell1
- The Xenopus oocyte contains components of both the planar cell polarity and apical-basal polarity pathways, but their roles are not known. (silverchair.com)