Whereas distinct inner cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

The cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T lymphocytes was the most abundant among immune cells, a condition unanticipated for AIH. (news-medical.net)
Human bmMSCs were described in the late nineties as well [ 6 ] and at the same time a breakthrough study investigated the expression of typical cell surface markers and the proliferation and differentiation properties of human MSCs in more detail [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
They display differentiation capacities and therefore qualify as multipotent progenitor cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Overview on self-renewal or differentiation of stem cells in their respective stem cell niche. (hindawi.com)
Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has generated much interest in the field of regenerative medicine. (ca.gov)
Third, healthy PB HSPCs have a distinct preference for erythroid-megakaryocytic differentiation. (physiciansweekly.com)
Given the considerable interest in using stem cells for modeling and treating disease, it is essential to understand what regulates self-renewal and differentiation. (uib.no)
Here, we address the question of mitochondrial adaptation by examining the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to cardiac progenitors and further to differentiated mesodermal derivatives, including functional cardiomyocytes. (uib.no)
Thus, our work highlights similarities in mitochondrial remodeling during the transition from pluripotent to multipotent state in ectodermal and mesodermal lineages, while at the same time demonstrating cell-lineage-specific adaptations upon further differentiation. (uib.no)
The cancer cells that emerge are referred to as blasts and share biological features from these disease-specific alterations and patterns associated with differentiation and the tumor cell of origin. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Both tumor entities harboring FLT3-ITDs or IDH1 mutations showed a more complex composition of cell types along the myeloid differentiation trajectory than MLL fusions. (uni-heidelberg.de)
This indicates a partial differentiation of AML cells that treatment might induce. (uni-heidelberg.de)
In previous studies, a distinct population termed human spindle-shaped MSCs were isolated and expanded from second trimester amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) and characterised based on their phenotype, pluripotency and differentiation potential. (bmj.com)
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling controls a vast array of biological processes including cell differentiation and migration, wound healing and malignancy. (biologists.com)
We demonstrate that the Drosophila FGFs have different activities and that cell migration and differentiation have different ligand requirements. (biologists.com)
In embryos, these functions include mesoderm induction and patterning, cell growth, migration and differentiation. (biologists.com)
Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in differentiated cells, loss of HP1β has the opposite effect, perturbing maintenance of the differentiation state and facilitating reprogramming to an induced pluripotent state. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
We investigated whether a molecular classification of tumor cell differentiation, based on a developmental biology approach, can provide additional prognostic information. (nih.gov)
Our data indicate that BC can be subclassified into three subtypes, on the basis of their differentiation states: basal, intermediate, and differentiated, where only the most primitive tumor cell subpopulation within each subtype is capable of generating xenograft tumors and recapitulating downstream populations. (nih.gov)
We identify here three distinct BC subtypes on the basis of their differentiation states, each harboring a unique tumor-initiating population. (nih.gov)
Cancer results from a combination of uncontrolled proliferation and survival as well as a block in differentiation which keeps the cancer cells in an immature state. (lls.org)
Indeed, transcriptional profiling in SRSF2/IDH2 double mutant cells show that INTS3 loss has an effect on blood cell differentiation programs. (lls.org)
The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
Neuregulin1α, which drives mucus cell differentiation in vitro, was expressed in normal airway submucosal glands and in lungs from patients with IPF. (bmj.com)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)

Here, through combined use of cortical layer markers and transgenic mouse lines, we show that Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 are localized to functionally distinct cortical cell types. (jneurosci.org)
This includes the expression of distinct antigens on subsets of MSCs, which was utilized recently to define and separate functionally different subsets from bulk MSCs. (hindawi.com)
Thus, ABGCs provide two temporally overlapping but functionally distinct neuronal cell populations, adding a novel level of complexity to our understanding of how life-long neurogenesis contributes to adult brain function. (elifesciences.org)
These data suggest that this antigenically defined β cell heterogeneity is functionally and likely medically relevant. (elsevierpure.com)

The existence of distinct molecular subtypes of glioblastoma and possibility for intra-tumoral heterogeneity present significant therapeutic challenges. (cns.org)
In this study, single-cell microfluidic genetic profiling of primary human glioblastoma was performed to characterize intra-tumoral BTIC heterogeneity, identify unique surface markers of BTIC subsets, and associate BTIC subsets with clinically-relevant bulk tissue molecular subtypes. (cns.org)
Each BTIC subtype was characterized by distinct surface markers, and single-cell molecular profiles relating to distinct bulk tissue molecular subtypes. (cns.org)
This is the first demonstration of cancer stem cell heterogeneity in glioblastoma at the single-cell level, and particularly as it relates to prospective isolation and bulk tumor subtypes. (cns.org)
Here we identify four antigenically distinct subtypes of human β cells, which we refer to as β1-4, and which are distinguished by differential expression of ST8SIA1 and CD9. (elsevierpure.com)

Spatial analysis of liver parenchyma for different subsets of immune cells revealed more extensive immune infiltration in the periportal areas. (news-medical.net)
We therefore briefly discuss differences found in subsets of human bmMSCs and in MSCs isolated from some other sources and touch upon how this could be utilized for cell-based therapies. (hindawi.com)
Second, compared to BM, extramedullary hematopoietic stem cells/multipotent progenitors (HSCs/MPPs) from the spleen, PB, and mobilized PB to have a shared transcriptional profile and a higher abundance of lineage-primed subsets. (physiciansweekly.com)
Two distinct subsets of BTICs were identified co-existing in human glioblastoma, both in de novo tumors and in recurrent tumors after initial complete surgical resection and chemoradiation. (cns.org)

Next, flow cytometry analyzed intrahepatic and peripheral populations of CD8 T cells in depth. (news-medical.net)
Most studies have been performed on large cell populations, but detailed understanding of cell dynamics and heterogeneity requires single-cell analysis. (frontiersin.org)
However, most of our knowledge about cell proliferation comes from studies that average data from large and mixed cell populations. (frontiersin.org)
Neurons of different cortical layers express diverse populations of ion channels and possess distinct intrinsic membrane properties. (jneurosci.org)
Cell type prediction revealed extensive malignant cell diversity and a phenotype skewed towards stem- and progenitor-like populations in MLL-EDC4 leukemic cells. (uni-heidelberg.de)
In summary, we find that ERV expression is a hallmark of cellular identity and cell potency that characterizes the cell populations in early human embryos. (ntu.edu.sg)
Set apart from other CD4+ populations by its distinct transcriptional profile, unique gene regulatory networks, and non-overlapping TCR repertoire, the cells contributed to pathological impairment in the GI tract. (astct.org)

While corrector-based treatment options are being extensively studied for CFTR-p.Phe508del, the efficacy of known correctors for other trafficking mutants remains largely unknown and has thus far not been studied in primary epithelial CF cells. (ersjournals.com)
These roles are possible since epithelial cells are non-symmetrical and organized into two opposite poles. (pasteur.fr)
NRG1α was detected in serous cells within normal submucosal glands and in epithelial cells lining honeycombing areas in IPF, and was not detected in other patients. (bmj.com)
Conclusion Expression of SOX2 and MUC5B and lack of SPDEF in atypically differentiated cells of bronchiolised distal airspaces are consistent with abnormal programming of airway epithelial cells in IPF. (bmj.com)
Effects of laser printer-emitted engineered nanoparticle s on cytotoxicity, chemokine expression, reactive oxygen species, DNA methylation, and DNA damage: a comprehensive in vitro analysis in human small airway epithelial cells, macrophages, and lymphoblasts. (cdc.gov)
Methods: Three physiologically relevant cell lines - small airway epithelial cells (SAEC), macrophages (THP-1 cells) and lymphoblasts (TK6 cells) - were exposed to PEPs at a wide range of doses (0.5-100 microg/mL) that correspond to human inhalation exposure durations at the consumer level of approximately 8 hours and higher. (cdc.gov)
Other particles may be engulfed by epithelial cells, primarily in the vicinity of the bronchial-alveolar duct junctions, and retained for much longer periods, with gradual removal to lymph nodes. (cdc.gov)
The epithelial lining was about 6-8 layers with a distinct granular cell layer subjacent to cornified layer and basal layer exhibited low cuboidal morphology with absence of palisading of nuclei ( Figure 3 ). (bvsalud.org)

Collectively, in a tissue-dependent manner, murine LCs differentiate from at least three distinct precursors (embryonic, pre-DC, and monocytic) in steady state. (nih.gov)
Subpopulations of human embryonic stem cells with distinct tissue-specific fates can be selected from pluripotent cultures. (ca.gov)
RATIONALE: The Notch signaling pathway is important for cell-cell communication that controls tissue formation and homeostasis during embryonic and adult life, but the precise cell targets of Notch signaling in the mammalian heart remain poorly defined. (monash.edu)
Conversion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to an epiblast-like state activates blastocyst-specific ERV elements, indicating that their activity dynamically reacts to changes in regulatory networks. (ntu.edu.sg)
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into every cell type and to self-renew. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
These genetic changes occur as random events during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) or in early embryonic development. (medlineplus.gov)

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. (uib.no)
Improved understanding of the underlying cancer biology of this subpopulation of cancer stem cells, thought to drive tumor formation and therapeutic resistance, could potentially lead to improved targeted therapies that prolong patient survival. (cns.org)
1) Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Cell Biology and Infection Department, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris, France. (pasteur.fr)

Analysis of spheroid invasion in an organotypic culture system revealed that these "trailblazer" cells are capable of initiating collective invasion and promote non-trailblazer cell invasion, indicating a commensal relationship among subpopulations within heterogenous tumors. (jci.org)
Breast cancer cell lines contain subpopulations of invasive trailblazer and noninvasive opportunist cells. (jci.org)
Detailed analysis of cell cycle predictive genes allowed us to define subpopulations with distinct gene expression profiles and to calculate a cell cycle index that illustrates the transition of cells between cell cycle phases. (frontiersin.org)
These data establish that subpopulations of proliferating hESCs whose tissue fate is predetermined exist, and challenge the notion that all cells within proliferating hESC cultures are truly 'pluripotent. (ca.gov)
This co-culture approach also will enable identification of other distinct hESC subpopulations, and selection for these should prove valuable in generating tissue-specific reagents for cell-based therapy. (ca.gov)
Surface markers of distinct BTIC subpopulations were validated in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and colony forming assays. (cns.org)
Identification of cell surface markers of distinct BTIC subpopulations will support future study of glioblastoma cancer stem cells, and the potential development of BTIC subpopulation-specific therapeutic strategies. (cns.org)
These subpopulations are always present in normal adult islets and have diverse gene expression profiles and distinct basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. (elsevierpure.com)

Sequencing methods that analyze the transcriptome (scRNA-seq) and epigenome (scATAC-seq) are ideally suited to resolve tumor cell heterogeneity as well as non-malignant cell types in the microenvironment. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Our studies were designed to evaluate the effect of ERBB inhibition on tumor cell motility and intravasation in vivo using clinically relevant small-molecule inhibitors. (aacrjournals.org)
Using in vivo mouse models of breast cancer, we test the effects of ERBB1 and ERBB2 inhibitors AC480 and lapatinib, ERBB1 inhibitor gefitinib, and ERBB2 inhibitor AG825 on in vivo tumor cell invasive properties in mammary fat pad tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
ERBB1 and ERBB2 inhibition rapidly (within 3 h) inhibits both tumor cell motility and intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
Using gefitinib, ERBB1 inhibition rapidly inhibits tumor cell motility and invasion but not intravasation, whereas ERBB2 inhibition by AG825 rapidly blocks intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
ERBB1 and ERBB2 inhibition can rapidly block tumor cell invasive properties. (aacrjournals.org)
In addition, we differentiate for the first time the contributions of ERBB1 and ERBB2 to the key metastatic properties of in vivo tumor cell invasion and intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
These experiments temporally and molecularly separate two key stages in tumor cell entry into blood vessels: invasion and intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
These results indicate that ERBB inhibition should be considered for blocking other tumor cell malignant properties besides growth. (aacrjournals.org)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

Microfluidic genetic profiling of BTICs at the single-cell level was performed to characterize intra-tumoral BTIC heterogeneity. (cns.org)

A reduction in INTS3 likely results in alterations in transcriptional activity in the cell. (lls.org)

We find that Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 exhibit distinct responses to acute phosphorylation-dependent regulation in brain neurons in situ and in heterologous cells in vitro . (jneurosci.org)
Expansion of MSCs was shown to be limited to a few passages of in vitro culture and the cells underwent replicative senescence [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, available in vitro protocols for expansion of MSCs do not yield true stem cells. (hindawi.com)
Using a 3D in vitro polarity model, scientists have demonstrated full polarity inversion in renal cells deprived of Rab35, whereby the apical domain switches places with the basolateral domain. (pasteur.fr)
Photo : spheroid of renal cells cultivated in vitro. (pasteur.fr)
Conclusions: The in vitro findings here suggest that laser printer-emitted engineered nanoparticle s may be deleterious to lung cells, and provide preliminary evidence of epigenetic modifications that might translate to pulmonary disorders. (cdc.gov)

Many studies have extensively investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in cell migration and have recognized the Rho small GTPases as key regulators of actin dynamics 7 , 8 . (nature.com)
Canonical mesenchymal markers were not sufficient to distinguish trailblazer cells from non-trailblazer cells, suggesting that defining the molecular underpinnings of the trailblazer phenotype could reveal collective invasion-specific mechanisms. (jci.org)
Together our results reveal the potential ability of gefitinib to initiate sterile inflammation via two distinct mechanisms, and identified IL-1β and HMGB1 as key determinants of gefitinib-induced inflammation that may provide insights into gefitinib-induced interstitial pneumonitis. (nature.com)
Cell proliferation includes a series of events that is tightly regulated by several checkpoints and layers of control mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
The Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Laboratory, directed at the Institut Pasteur by Arnaud Echard (Institut Pasteur/CNRS UMR 3691), is looking into apical-basal polarity acquisition mechanisms during cell division when organs are being formed. (pasteur.fr)
Following treatment, toxicological parameters reflecting distinct mechanisms were evaluated. (cdc.gov)

However, transplanting other than hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is still limited to a few applications, and it mainly applies to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow. (hindawi.com)
Consequently, neural stem and progenitor cells have usually been studied retrospectively, based on their ability to form colonies in laboratory cell cultures. (elifesciences.org)

Immunocytochemistry and voltage-clamp recordings from outside-out macropatches reveal distinct cellular expression patterns for Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 in intratelencephalic and pyramidal tract neurons of L5, indicating circuit-specific requirements for these Kv2 paralogs. (jneurosci.org)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Small and Large Ribosomal Subunit Deficiencies Lead to Distinct Gene Expression Signatures that Reflect Cellular Growth Rate. (broadinstitute.org)
Because gene expression defects resulting from ribosome deficiency have not yet been experimentally defined, we systematically probed mRNA, translation, and protein signatures that were either unlinked from or linked to cellular growth rate in RP-deficient yeast cells. (broadinstitute.org)
These distinct signatures of protein synthesis suggest intriguing and currently mysterious differences in the cellular consequences of deficiency for small and large ribosomal subunits. (broadinstitute.org)
All of these attributes are normal cellular processes that have been hijacked by the cancer cell for its own purposes. (lls.org)
Interestingly, these studies show that AML patients are unique amongst other cancers in that they frequently harbor mutations in the "epigenome" and "RNA splicing," which are part of the cellular machinery that regulates which proteins are ultimately expressed in the cell. (lls.org)

TIMER was used to evaluate the connection between candidate antigens and infiltration of antigen-presenting cells. (frontiersin.org)
Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T-cell antigens (CD3 + , CD43, or CD45RO). (medscape.com)

In spite of such accumulating knowledge of Rac1 and Cdc42 downstream pathways, little is known about the functional differences between Rac1 and Cdc42, in particular, how these Rho GTPases participate in cell migration. (nature.com)
Here, we show that the Kv2 family members Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 are expressed in distinct cortical layers and pyramidal cell types associated with specific corticostriatal pathways. (jneurosci.org)
Collectively, our data suggest that venetoclax resistance can be mediated through the enrichment of distinct gene signatures and cytokine signaling pathways. (lu.se)
T cells that produce GM-CSF are known to be important pathways for inflammation in the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. (astct.org)

Using single-molecule tracking, we show that all three Y-complex proteins exhibit three distinct mobilities, including movement through the cytosol and confined motion, predominantly at membrane-proximal sites but also within the cell center. (uni-marburg.de)
In this study, we observed that the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 family genes, such as BCL2, BCL2L1, and MCL1, is highly varied in T-ALL patients, and inhibitors targeting proteins coded by these genes display differential responses in T-ALL cell lines. (lu.se)
These characteristics correlate with a distinct nuclear architecture, epigenetic signatures enriched for active chromatin marks and hyperdynamic binding of structural chromatin proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
The proteins and chemical changes surrounding DNA control which genes are turned on and off in a cell. (lls.org)
Using a workflow combining laser microdissection and single-cell mass spectrometry, the researchers identified more than 1,700 proteins per liver cell. (genomeweb.com)

Together, our results indicate that spontaneous conversion of the epigenetic state in a subpopulation of cells can promote a transition from in situ to invasive growth through induction of a cooperative form of collective invasion and suggest that therapeutic inhibition of trailblazer cell invasion may help prevent metastasis. (jci.org)
Three T-ALL cell lines (ALL-SIL, MOLT-16, and LOUCY) were highly sensitive to BCL2 inhibition within a panel of cell lines tested. (lu.se)
Although inhibition of PARP activity does not sensitize TDP1-deficient cells to Top1 poisons, it confers increased sensitivity to alkylation damage, highlighting partially overlapping roles for PARP and TDP1 in response to genotoxic challenge. (whiterose.ac.uk)
This response was significantly blunted in mice challenged with an irrelevant hapten, or by inhibition of effector cell recruitment, indicating a role for T cell-dependent inflammation in induction of Treg migration. (listlabs.com)

In this approach, we performed FRET time-lapse imaging of Rac1 and Cdc42, members of Rho GTPases which are responsible for cell motility and quantitatively identified the response functions that describe the conversion from the molecular activities to the morphological changes. (nature.com)
The restricted pattern of Kv2.2 expression persists in Kv2.1-KO mice, suggesting distinct cell- and layer-specific functions for these two highly related Kv2 subunits. (jneurosci.org)
Rare hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) pools outside the bone marrow (BM) contribute to blood formation under stress and illness, but their functions are unknown. (physiciansweekly.com)
Methods: In this study, we found that two microRNAs with opposite functions were expressed in two neuroblastoma cell lines with marked differences in radiosensitivity. (northwestern.edu)

Here, we used quantitative real-time PCR, profiling the expression of 93 genes in single-cells from three different cell lines. (frontiersin.org)
We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we employed single-cell gene expression profiling to describe the dynamic transition between cell proliferative states in three different cell lines using a panel consisting of 93 marker genes. (frontiersin.org)
We observed a different trend of regulation in terms of BCL2 family gene expression and global gene expression profile including genes reported to be expressed in cancer stem cells. (lu.se)
Results: Statistically significant differences were detected for expression of several thousands of genes when the two cell lines were compared with each other. (northwestern.edu)

Patients with the BCS2 subtype were characterized as immune "cold" and exhibited upregulation of immunogenic cell death modulators, whereas patients with BCS1 and BCS3 were immune "hot" and had upregulation of immune checkpoints. (frontiersin.org)
Importantly, the β cell subtype distribution is profoundly altered in type 2 diabetes. (elsevierpure.com)

Analyses of endogenous Kv2.2 in cortical neurons in situ and recombinant Kv2.2 expressed in heterologous cells reveal that Kv2.2 is largely refractory to stimuli that trigger robust, phosphorylation-dependent changes in Kv2.1 clustering and function. (jneurosci.org)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neurons within the neocortex are arranged in a laminar architecture and contribute to the input, processing, and/or output of sensory and motor signals in a cell- and layer-specific manner. (jneurosci.org)
Neurons called granule cells are thought to play a central role in hippocampal pattern separation. (elifesciences.org)
Neurons that arise in the adult nervous system originate from neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Neural stem cells can also give rise to neural progenitor cells, which proliferate rapidly during their short lives and then 'differentiate' into neurons or glia. (elifesciences.org)
Since neurosphere-forming cells can self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia, the ability of cells to form neurospheres has generally been taken as evidence that they are stem cells. (elifesciences.org)
However, in nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system), only the copy inherited from a person's mother (the maternal copy) is active. (medlineplus.gov)

First, I characterized changes in the transcriptome and classified developmental stages of leukemic cells carrying MLL-EDC4 fusions along the hematopoietic stem cell to the myeloid trajectory compared to other MLL fusions. (uni-heidelberg.de)

The scRNA-seq data acquired for the three different AML subgroups were then exploited to perform a cell type prediction analysis. (uni-heidelberg.de)
In summary, this thesis provides novel insights into the tumorigenesis process in AML by using a systematic and functional analysis approach of the transcriptome and open chromatin in single cells for three major genetically defined AML subgroups. (uni-heidelberg.de)
GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)

Cell fractionation reveals that YaaT displays a mixture of membrane association and presence in the cytosol, while YlbF and YmcA do not show direct membrane attachment. (uni-marburg.de)
Single Cell Immune Profiling Reveals a Developmentally Distinct CD4+ GM-CSF+ T Cell Lineage That Induces GI Tract GVHD. (astct.org)

MSCs were also investigated for stem cell qualities in vivo. (hindawi.com)
Pre-GEPCOT cells could not form neurospheres but expressed the stem cell markers Slc1a3-CreER T , GFAP-CreER T2 , Sox2 CreERT2 , and Gli1 CreERT2 and were long-lived in vivo. (elifesciences.org)
Myelodysplastic Syndromes Are Propagated by Rare and Distinct Human Cancer Stem Cells In Vivo. (lu.se)
All identified somatically acquired genetic lesions were backtracked to distinct MDS-SCs, establishing their distinct MDS-propagating function in vivo. (lu.se)
These findings provide definitive evidence for rare human MDS-SCs in vivo, with extensive implications for the targeting of the cells required and sufficient for MDS-propagation. (lu.se)
Third, I characterized how the chromatin accessibility landscape was influenced by IDH1 mutated cells treated ex vivo with targeted therapy compared to IDH1 wild-type cells. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Today, more than 50 years after the first successful bone marrow transplantation, clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells is a routine procedure, saving the lives of many every day. (hindawi.com)
Recently, MSCs isolated from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were shown to be a blend of distinct cells and MSCs isolated from different tissues show besides some common features also some significant differences. (hindawi.com)
The MSCs have been described for the first time as colony forming fibroblasts (CFU-F), a rare population of cells residing in the bone marrow of guinea-pigs or mice [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Nowadays, experts agree that MSCs may generate upon appropriate stimulation quite different mature cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stromal cells of the bone marrow [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
A study in Nature suggests epitope editing in donor stem cells prior to bone marrow transplants can stave off toxicity when targeting acute myeloid leukemia with immunotherapy. (genomeweb.com)

In a recent study published in the Journal of Hepatology , researchers reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination could elicit a distinct T cell-dominant immune-mediated hepatitis. (news-medical.net)
A 5.3-fold increase in immune cells was observed relative to control (non-diseased) tissue. (news-medical.net)

We further demonstrated that similar to non-lymphoid dendritic cells (DCs), CD103(+) LCs originate from pre-DCs, whereas CD11b(+) LCs differentiate from both pre-DCs and monocytic precursors. (nih.gov)

While molecular subtyping now guides treatment selection for patients with non-small cell lung cancer and other cancers, SCLC is still treated as a single disease entity. (oncotarget.com)
Is There Enough Evidence for Osteosarcopenic Obesity as a Distinct Entity? (springer.com)
The co-existence of impaired bone health (osteopenia/osteoporosis), reduced muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia), and increased adiposity (obesity) in middle-aged and older people has been identified in recent studies, leading to a proposal for the existence of "osteosarcopenic obesity" as a distinct entity. (springer.com)
So far it is not clear whether nevus marginatus represents a distinct entity or merely an unusual clinical variant of nevus sebaceus. (karger.com)
In 1988, ALCL was added as a distinct entity to the revised Kiel classification, and in 1994, it was included in the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification. (medscape.com)
However, with the World Health Organization (WHO) redefining OKC as a neoplasm and redesignating it as keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) in 2005, it became imperative that OOC had to be separated out from KCOT as a distinct entity. (bvsalud.org)

At the same time, by asymmetric cell division or after specific activation, stem cells must be able to generate more mature progenitor cells or differentiated effector cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Simultaneous examination of the migration of CD4 effector cells and Tregs in the same region of uninflamed skin demonstrated that effector cells behaved differently, being uniformly highly migratory. (listlabs.com)
These findings indicate that Treg behavior in skin differs from that of CD4 effector cells, in that only a low proportion of Tregs is migratory under resting conditions. (listlabs.com)

In low- to intermediate-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), we establish the existence of rare multipotent MDS stem cells (MDS-SCs), and their hierarchical relationship to lineage-restricted MDS progenitors. (lu.se)

Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
Results: PEPs caused significant membrane integrity damage, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well as a rise in pro-inflammatory cytokine release in different cell lines at doses relevant to exposure durations from 7.8 to 1500 hours. (cdc.gov)

For these short fibers, which can be fully engulfed by lung cells and do not dissolve in airway fluids in less than a few weeks, their clearance will be similar to other mineral and vitreous particles. (cdc.gov)

Analysis from scRNA and scATAC V showed different FLT3 activity/chromatin signatures within clusters of leukemic cells in the relapse that could be explained by midostaurin resistance and the emergence of distinct subclones as detected by scDNA-seq. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Further, the team found infiltrates of T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, and plasma cells in the liver. (news-medical.net)
SIV antigen has been demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods in lymph node sinus histiocytes, macrophages, and giant cells (14) as well as in macrophage-derived cells in brain tissue from diseased monkeys (8). (cdc.gov)

The results agreed with differential gene expression highlighting many TFs that play a critical role in hematopoiesis, endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, or leukemic stem cell activation. (uni-heidelberg.de)

The relative abundance of different malignant cell types discovered varied amongst tumors, with some having just two identities and others having a wide range of malignant cells. (uni-heidelberg.de)
PC-ALCL is one of the primary cutaneous CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, a wide spectrum of disease, with lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) at the benign end of the spectrum and PC-ALCL at the malignant end. (medscape.com)

B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)
Also, SIV is distinct from simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLY-I) which shares extensive genomic sequences with human T-lymphotropic virus type I and is associated with T-cell lymphomas in nonhuman primates (12). (cdc.gov)

Tumor cells can engage in a process called collective invasion, in which cohesive groups of cells invade through interstitial tissue. (jci.org)
Unlike some other tissues, it has not been possible to identify or purify neural stem cells directly from the tissue. (elifesciences.org)
The capsular tissue was made up of dense fibrous connective tissue with scanty chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. (bvsalud.org)

Langerhans cells (LCs) populate the mucosal epithelium, a major entry portal for pathogens, yet their ontogeny remains unclear. (nih.gov)
Human pancreatic islets of Langerhans contain five distinct endocrine cell types, each producing a characteristic hormone. (elsevierpure.com)

Objectives: To assess the biological responses of a panel of human cell lines to PEPs. (cdc.gov)

Evidence for distinct human cancer stem cells (CSCs) remains contentious and the degree to which different cancer cells contribute to propagating malignancies in patients remains unexplored. (lu.se)
A recent increase in the number of young patients (often nonsmokers) developing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been documented, however, there remains no clear evidence to support the significance of any single determinant. (tcd.ie)

Together, these results support distinct roles for these two Kv2 channel family members in mammalian cortex. (jneurosci.org)

Epidermal nevi(EN)represent a heterogeneous group of mosaic skin lesions frequently following the lines of Blaschko. (karger.com)
The term organoid nevus may be used to emphasize the admixture of epidermal cells often evident in individual lesions of epidermal nevi. (medscape.com)
AFM is an illness that's characterized by the sudden onset of flaccid weakness in one or more extremities and also by distinct longitudinal gray matter lesions in the spinal cord. (cdc.gov)

In other words, the gene may be expressed in various isoforms in different cells of the body. (wikipedia.org)

term pre-GEPCOT cells (based on an acronym of the markers used to isolate the cells), were long-lived and quiescent, but they lacked the ability to form colonies in culture. (elifesciences.org)

The composition of cell types was generally more skewed to early progenitors at the point of diagnosis when compared to their matching relapse sample. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Background There is increasing interest in the therapeutic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), especially in diseases such as acute hepatic failure (AHF) that are predominantly caused by a variety of drugs and viruses. (bmj.com)

Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed enrichment of cytokine signaling in all three cell lines which was supported by the phospho-kinase array where STAT5 phosphorylation was found to be elevated in resistant cells. (lu.se)
Blocking studies of IL-10 secretion from HPL cells confirmed the therapeutic significance of this cytokine in the AHF mouse model. (bmj.com)

The neurosphere-forming cells, named GEPCOT cells, were short-lived and highly proliferative in the brain. (elifesciences.org)

Using this method, combined with proteomic profiling, we show that PC3 human prostate cancer organoids secrete EVs with previously undefined protein cargo, which substantially differs from EV cargo of 2D cultured cells. (biorxiv.org)
Researchers compared spleen, PB, and mobilized PB to BM utilizing single-cell RNA-sequencing and/or functional tests to characterize human extramedullary HSPC compartments thoroughly. (physiciansweekly.com)
I could demonstrate that leukemic cells could be successfully distinguished from the microenvironment based on marker gene annotation from the human cell atlas and ploidy inference. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Here, we report that depletion of Tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) sensitizes human cells to alkylation damage and the additional depletion of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease I (APE1) confers hypersensitivity above that observed for TDP1 or APE1 depletion alone. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Fresh human glioblastoma tumors obtained directly from neurosurgical resections were immediately dissociated and passaged in neural stem cell media to enrich the subpopulation of tumor cells with stem-like properties. (cns.org)
Conclusions Human spindle-shaped AF-MSCs or HPL cells might be valuable tools to induce liver repair and support liver function by cell transplantation. (bmj.com)
Strains of SIV have been successfully cultured in human lymphocyte cell lines (e.g. (cdc.gov)

Through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, scientists have identified a developmentally distinct subset of T cells in the colon that are implicated in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). (astct.org)

Neurosphere formation is commonly used as a surrogate for neural stem cell (NSC) function but the relationship between neurosphere-initiating cells (NICs) and NSCs remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)

The expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 has been shown to be deregulated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), where different T-ALL cells display a differential response to the BCL2-specific inhibitor venetoclax. (lu.se)

When germ-free cell cultures became a laboratory routine, hopes were high for using this novel technology for treatment of diseases or replacement of cells in patients suffering from injury, inflammation, or cancer or even refreshing cells in the elderly. (hindawi.com)

SUMO Safeguards Somatic and Pluripotent Cell Identities by Enforcing Distinct Chromatin States. (cnrs.fr)

Using the response function, we could predict the morphological change from molecular activity and its predictive performance provides a new quantitative measure of how much the Rho GTPases participate in the cell migration. (nature.com)
Interestingly, we discovered distinct predictive performance of Rac1 and Cdc42 depending on the migration modes, indicating that Rac1 and Cdc42 contribute to persistent and random migration, respectively. (nature.com)
Thus, our proposed predictive approach enabled us to uncover the hidden information processing rules of Rho GTPases in the cell migration. (nature.com)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important in controlling skin inflammation, an effect dependent on their ability to home to this organ. (listlabs.com)

We've screened more than 1,275 cancer cell lines as part of the Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap). (broadinstitute.org)

Anatomy58

Organisms13

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Differentiation31

Functionally4

Subtypes5

Subsets4

Populations7

Epithelial8

Embryonic7

Biology3

Subpopulations8

Tumor cell10

Heterogeneity1

Transcriptional1

Vitro6

Mechanisms6

Stem and progenitor cells2

Cellular7

Antigens2

Pathways4

Proteins5

Inhibition4

Functions4

Genes6

Subtype2

Neurons7

Developmental1

Subgroups3

Reveals2

Vivo6

Bone marrow5

Immune2

Differentiate1

Entity6

Effector cells3

Multipotent1

Membrane2

Airway1

Signatures1

Macrophages2

Hematopoietic1

Malignant2

Lymphomas2

Tissue3

Langerhans2

Responses1

Evidence2

Roles1

Lesions3

Isoforms1

Markers1

Progenitors1

Mesenchymal1

Cytokine2

Proliferative1

Human7

Subset1

Neural stem1

Acute1

Cultures1

Identities1

Predictive3

Inflammation1

Cancer cell1