Wave blast injuries. Medical search. Frequent questions

Researchers use a three-dimensional finite element model to study blast-related overpressure transmission from the external ear to the spiral cochlea. (health.mil)
Hearing loss is one of the top disability claims to the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for those in the military, specifically, Service members who are at greater risk of blast exposure during deployments and, therefore, blast overpressure (BOP) that can lead to blast-induced auditory damage. (health.mil)
The blast wave caused catastrophic overpressure and fragmentation injuries to the victims, including fatal wounds to heads, lacerations that exposed organs, and the removal and pulverization of limbs. (amnesty.org)
The un/protected heads were exposed to an identical blast overpressure of 520 kPa in a frontal open blast scenario. (asme.org)
For years, most researchers thought July 4 fireworks-related eye injuries were likely caused by what's called blast overpressure: that the pressure wave unleashed by the explosion increased the pressure in the eye, causing bleeding and even rupture of the eyeball. (claimsjournal.com)

In an advance that may someday provide health benefits for soldiers and athletes, a team of researchers has discovered a mechanism that could be the cause of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in blast-exposed soldiers. (sciencedaily.com)
The people who are fortunate enough to live through a home explosion can be left with disfiguring injuries, suffer from traumatic brain injuries, lose their extremities or their eyesight. (burgsimpson.com)
According to a recent study performed by Swedish researchers, the effects of traumatic brain injuries on children may be longer-lasting than expected. (injurytriallawyer.com)
At Davis Law Group, we see many young clients recovering from the effects of head injuries, including traumatic brain injuries. (injurytriallawyer.com)
Nationwide, the Center for Disease Control estimates that the economic costs of traumatic brain injuries in a single year topped $76.5 billion. (injurytriallawyer.com)
Victims of traumatic brain injuries deserve the best treatment possible so that they can recover. (injurytriallawyer.com)
This book talks about the nuances of accident and injury cases involving traumatic brain injuries and answers common legal questions that accident victims and their loved ones may have about cases involving brain injuries. (injurytriallawyer.com)
All the gun crews filled out questionnaires to screen for post-traumatic stress disorder and took tests to detect signs of traumatic brain injuries from enemy explosions. (yahoo.com)
More than half the Marines in the battery had eventually received diagnoses of traumatic brain injuries, according to a briefing prepared for Marine Corps headquarters. (yahoo.com)
2007 The current Iraq conflict and the prominent role of improvised explosive devices (IED) dramatically increased the portion of traumatic brain injuries (TBI). (sciencepop.org)

Like other types of explosions, a blast wave can also cause damage to things and people by the blast wind, debris, and fires. (wikipedia.org)
The blast is considered one of the most powerful non-nuclear, man-made explosions in human history. (scitechdaily.com)
Blast injuries result from explosions that have the capability to cause multisystem, life-threatening injuries in single or multiple victims simultaneously. (medscape.com)
Explosions can produce classic injury patterns from blunt and penetrating mechanisms to several organ systems, but they can also result in unique injury patterns to specific organs, including the lungs and the central nervous system. (medscape.com)
[ 7 ] An analysis of data from the American College of Surgeons National Trauma Databank (NTDB) found that the majority of blast injuries (56%) resulted from fireworks, gas, or pressurized container explosions. (medscape.com)
In many parts of the world, civilians and peacekeepers are exposed to potentially serious injury from blasts and explosions. (uwaterloo.ca)
Home explosions cause serious injuries and can even result in the death of one or more people. (burgsimpson.com)
Injuries from exposure to explosions rose dramatically during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, which motivated investigation of blast-related neurotrauma. (frontiersin.org)
Nuclear explosions can cause significant damage and casualties from blast, heat, and radiation but you can keep your family safe by knowing what to do and being prepared if it occurs. (railforums.co.uk)

The flow field can be approximated as a lead shock wave, followed by a self-similar subsonic flow field. (wikipedia.org)
HE detonate to produce a defining supersonic over-pressurization shock wave. (wikipedia.org)
Mach stem formation occurs when a blast wave reflects off the ground and the reflection catches up with the original shock front, therefore creating a high pressure zone that extends from the ground up to a certain point called the triple point at the edge of the blast wave. (wikipedia.org)
Blast waves cause damage by a combination of the significant compression of the air in front of the wave (forming a shock front) and the subsequent wind that follows. (wikipedia.org)
A blast wave travels faster than the speed of sound and the passage of the shock wave usually lasts only a few milliseconds. (wikipedia.org)
Bubbles form and, because they're unstable, immediately collapse, generating a microjet or miniature localized shock wave. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
They also found that the blast wind, not the shock wave, leads to traumatic brain injury and long-term consequences. (sciencedaily.com)
An ex vivo model system is developed to introduce a blast wave, generated from a shock tube, directly to spinal cord tissue sample. (aps.org)
Based on eyewitness videos and estimated shock wave velocity, researchers and experts have estimated that approximately 1,500 tons of ammonium nitrate contributed to the explosion. (asce.org)
This minimum distance provides a high degree of protection against structural damage based on blast or shock wave effects to frame or masonry buildings. (asce.org)
The shock wave of air radiates outward, producing sudden changes in air pressure that can crush objects, and high winds that can knock objects down. (atomicarchive.com)
The cannon blasts were strong enough to hurl a 100-pound round 15 miles, and each unleashed a shock wave that shot through the crew members' bodies, vibrating bone, punching lungs and hearts, and whipping at cruise-missile speeds through the most delicate organ of all: the brain. (yahoo.com)
But humans have in fact been injured by pieces of meteors entering Earth's atmosphere or by the flash and shock waves they produce. (eli.org)
The shock wave it generated shattered glass and injured about 1,200 people. (eli.org)
Non-contact" arc flash burns refer to electrical burn injuries without accompanying electric shock. (cdc.gov)

LE deflagrate to create a subsonic explosion and lack HE's over-pressurization wave. (wikipedia.org)
A 2020 explosion in Lebanon's port city of Beirut led to a southward-bound, high-velocity atmospheric wave that rivaled ones generated by volcanic eruptions. (scitechdaily.com)
The energy of the ionospheric wave generated by the Beirut blast was significantly larger than a more energetic explosion in a Wyoming coal mine in the USA in 1996. (scitechdaily.com)
The Beirut blast was equivalent to an explosion of 1.1 kilotons of TNT, while the Wyoming explosion was equivalent to 1.5 kilotons of TNT. (scitechdaily.com)
The total electron content disturbance of the Wyoming explosion was only 1/10 of that caused by the Beirut blast. (scitechdaily.com)
Reference: "Atmospheric wave energy of the 2020 August 4 explosion in Beirut, Lebanon, from ionospheric disturbances" by Bhaskar Kundu, Batakrushna Senapati, Ai Matsushita and Kosuke Heki, 2 February 2021, Scientific Reports . (scitechdaily.com)
Moss and other members of the research team believe that once a person has undergone a blast exposure, it may still be possible some day to stem some of the effects of the brain damage in the days and weeks after such an explosion. (sciencedaily.com)
Triton Systems, Inc. proposes to develop a piezo-textile that can capture underwater explosion pressure wave patterns to ultimately establish and monitor for injury risk severity. (sbir.gov)
Beyond a difference in strength of the impact, Krengel adds, the percussive wave of an explosion acts differently on tissue than an ordinary blow. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
Secondary blast injuries are inflicted by objects that have been energized by the explosion and thus have become projectiles. (lww.com)
The pressure wave from the explosion was transmitted into the submarine. (foxnews.com)
You may be entitled to substantial compensation for your injuries and the financial losses you incurred as a result of the explosion, as well as your pain and suffering. (burgsimpson.com)
Consulting with a reputable and competent serious injury and explosion attorney at Burg Simpson as soon as possible will ensure you are in the best position possible to be successful with your claim to collect the maximum recovery available to you under the law. (burgsimpson.com)
Our team of personal injury attorneys represents victims and their loved ones who have been injured or killed by a propane or natural gas explosion throughout the United States. (burgsimpson.com)
Our well-established personal injury firm has the experience, time, and resources needed to successfully handle even the most complex and complicated explosion claims. (burgsimpson.com)
The treatment of the subject was largely based on simplified methods and design data from widely used design manuals for blast resistant design and applies to structural crashworthiness, explosion mitigation, hazard assessment and safety calculations throughout the civil, mechanical, nuclear, transportation, petrochemical and process industries. (wessex.ac.uk)
The explosion resulted in a form of blast wave that, although not unexpected, was considerably different in duration from smaller explosive events. (asce.org)
Lance was modeling an underwater explosion at a computer in Duke's Injury Biomechanics Lab, where she studied blast injuries, when her adviser had the epiphany that set her Hunley obsession in motion. (smithsonianmag.com)
The blast was stronger than a nuclear explosion. (eli.org)
An explosion creates a blast wave. (msdmanuals.com)

Injuries from exposure to explosive blasts rose dramatically during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF, OEF) due to the increased use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in military settings and in civilian populations through acts of terrorism ( 1 , 2 ), which have motivated investigations of blast-related neurotrauma. (frontiersin.org)

The scientific literature finds that "anywhere form 20{cd9ac3671b356cd86fdb96f1eda7eb3bb1367f54cff58cc36abbd73c33c82e1d} to 60{cd9ac3671b356cd86fdb96f1eda7eb3bb1367f54cff58cc36abbd73c33c82e1d}" of blast victims have PTSD, says Maxine Krengel, PhD, clinical neuropsychologist at the Department of Veterans Affairs Poly Trauma Network Site in Boston. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
The submarine drifted to its resting place after the crew died of air blast trauma within the hull. (foxnews.com)
In the blast periphery (walking-wounded zone), most casualties have non-life-threatening injuries and psychologic trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
People who have sustained a blast injury are evaluated for multiple trauma, including injury to the lungs and ears. (msdmanuals.com)
METHOD: This was a retrospective, descriptive nationwide study of all patients with penetrating trauma and injury severity scores (ISSs) ≥ 15 registered in the Swedish national trauma registry (SweTrau) between June 13, 2011, and December 31, 2019. (bvsalud.org)
Behind armor blunt trauma (BABT) is a non-penetrating injury caused by the rapid deformation of body armor, by a projectile, which may in extreme circumstances cause death. (bvsalud.org)
2000). causing secondary injuries such as blunt force trauma, cuts, Arc faults give off thermal radiation and bright, intense and abrasions. (cdc.gov)
An additional 200 injuries were managed and discharged at the 10 trauma stabilization points (TSP) and primary healthcare centers. (who.int)

Primary blast injury on central nervous system is responsible for many of the war related casualties and mortalities. (aps.org)
Patients are being discharged early every week to make room for the new wave of expected casualties. (who.int)

High explosives that detonate generate blast waves. (wikipedia.org)
On Aug. 4, 2020, at about 6:07 p.m., a sequence of events started a chain reaction by which a fire in the hangar caused the fireworks and subsequently the ammonium nitrate to detonate, resulting in nearly 200 deaths, more than 6,000 injuries, about 300,000 people losing their homes, and $10 billion to $15 billion in damage throughout the city. (asce.org)

With the increased incidence of terrorism worldwide, it is important for surgeons to understand the role of shrapnel injury in mass casualty events. (lww.com)
Shrapnel injuries were once confined to the battlefield. (lww.com)
1,2 Most penetrating injuries are inflicted by shrapnel, not bullets. (lww.com)
4 Depending on the amount of energy of the blast, anatomic site, and related injuries, specific wound care and thorough débridement is performed with or without shrapnel removal. (lww.com)
The secondary injury phase results from shrapnel penetration into the head. (sciencepop.org)
in short main bTBI is usually from your shockwave secondary bTBI is usually from shrapnel tertiary bTBI is usually from your 3-Methylcrotonyl Glycine blast wind and quaternary covers the remaining mitigating factors. (sciencepop.org)

and quaternary injuries, by all other forces. (medscape.com)

Primary blast injury is organ and tissue damage caused solely by the blast wave associated with high-order explosives. (medscape.com)
Traditional techniques to experimentally determine toxic fumes produced by detonating high explosives are not applicable to blasting agents. (cdc.gov)
This project investigates the behavior of blast waves from the detonation of high explosives in an underground mine. (cdc.gov)

To achieve this goal, researchers modeled the blast wave transmission from the external ear to the spiral cochlea. (health.mil)
The researchers also compared brain tissue samples from four soldiers with known blast exposure and/or concussive injury with brain tissue samples from three amateur American football players and a professional wrestler with histories of repetitive concussive injuries. (sciencedaily.com)
The three-year-long study, believed to be the first and only research effort that has clearly identified an injury mechanism from the direct effects of blasts, involved 35 researchers from 14 university research centers, medical schools, hospitals or other centers. (sciencedaily.com)
Today, researchers at Spaulding and other Harvard-affiliated hospitals are gathering data about patients and investigating therapies and interventions that could improve recovery from acute injuries or related long-term effects. (harvardmagazine.com)
Researchers studied at group of 100,000 people who had a medical history of at least one traumatic brain injury before the age of 25. (injurytriallawyer.com)

While there is available research on injuries to the middle ear, there are research gaps on the mechanisms of blast damage to the inner ear. (health.mil)
Although injuries from blast are well-documented, the mechanisms of injury are not well understood. (uwaterloo.ca)
Developing better protection requires knowledge of injury mechanisms and material response to blast loading. (uwaterloo.ca)
This result is a significant finding because it demonstrates a common link between what has previously been believed to be two disparate injury mechanisms. (sciencedaily.com)
These findings suggest neurobiological mechanisms behind auditory injuries in our military warfighters and are particularly relevant given tinnitus is not only a primary disability among veterans, but has also been demonstrated in active duty medical records for populations exposed to blast in training. (frontiersin.org)
Despite this increase in occurrences, our understanding of the effects of blast and the mechanisms behind subsequent brain injury remains limited ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
He adeptly evaluates kinematics and injury mechanisms, and carefully scrutinizes possible biomechanical and mechanical factors that may have contributed to the injury. (exponent.com)
These versions viewed in conjunction with versions and scientific studies may be used to assess both mechanisms and feasible treatments because of this type of injury. (sciencepop.org)

The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that shocks and recover, its health system has continued its the blast caused damage to more than half of Beirut's slow decline and highlighted by events in 2020. (who.int)
Economic suffered a hattrick of simultaneous events during 2020 loss and physical damage were estimated to be US$ 8 bil- - the economic crisis, the Beirut blast and the COVID-19 lion according to the World Bank ( 8 ). (who.int)
We used publicly available data to describe epidemiology, genomic surveillance, and public health and social measures from the first 3 COVID-19 pandemic waves in southern Africa during April 6, 2020-September 19, 2021. (cdc.gov)
INTRODUCTION: Malawi experienced two waves of COVID-19 between April 2020 and February 2021. (cdc.gov)

The research team created a blast neurotrauma mouse model that controlled head motion during blast exposure. (sciencedaily.com)
Understanding the temporal development of the blast-tissue interaction provides valuable input for modeling blast-induced neurotrauma. (aps.org)

The results add to the evidence that bomb blasts and sports impacts affect the brain in different ways. (npr.org)
But impacts and blasts can both do lasting damage, Perl says. (npr.org)
The blast impacts the air-filled cavities in the body, every air-filled cavity," she says. (veteransforcommonsense.org)

The results showed that the brain damage in blast-exposed veterans is similar to the brain injuries observed in football players who have sustained repetitive concussive head injuries. (sciencedaily.com)
Because the brain injuries don't appear immediately upon exposure -- and take time to develop -- this suggests there may be a way to medically intervene with drugs or other therapies that could inhibit or prevent the damage from occurring," Moss said. (sciencedaily.com)
Unlike the damage resulting from a stroke, which is often localized to one part of the brain, traumatic injuries often affect many areas of the brain in sometimes unpredictable ways. (harvardmagazine.com)
Then we look at those areas on the microscale to see if cavitation is indeed occurring, how might it damage these tissues and lead to traumatic brain injury. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
The team hypothesizes that blast- and impact-induced cavitation and subsequent bubble collapse also could damage myelin sheathing. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
Simulations look at the effects of different bubble diameters, bubble density and pressure wave amplitudes on the degree of damage. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
And to make things even more uncertain, the type and extent of the brain damage caused by the compression wave of a blast appears to differ considerably from the injuries that form the basis of current scientific understanding of TBI. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
Most damage comes from the explosive blast. (atomicarchive.com)
Blast damage to Stores, water heaters, furnaces, electrical circuits or gas lines would ignite fires where fuel is plentiful. (atomicarchive.com)
If you're able to survive the initial blast wave, the subsequent firestorm can give you massive burn injuries and damage the structure you're in and the radiation wave can give you radiation sickness. (naturalnews.com)
It takes time for fallout to arrive back to ground level, often more than 15 minutes for areas outside of the immediate blast damage zones. (railforums.co.uk)
But, as the Daily Beast reports, "Perhaps the most disconcerting thing about it aside from the damage and injuries it caused to the city was that it went largely undetected by astronomers and asteroid surveyors on the ground. (eli.org)
The quaternary injury phase incorporates any damage not protected in the various other three phases such as for example a number of the extracranial accidents or "polytrauma" including hemorrhagic surprise and chemical substance or thermal burn off accidents (Lew 2005 Scott et al. (sciencepop.org)
A less intense blast can damage the eardrums, lungs, and abdomen. (msdmanuals.com)

An estimated 1.4 million Americans sustain a traumatic brain injury every year, and millions more suffer sports or recreation-related concussions. (harvardmagazine.com)
Even service members who had experienced concussions from bomb blasts were unlikely to develop CTE. (npr.org)
CTE, which can only be diagnosed postmortem, is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder that has been reported in athletes with multiple concussions or subconcussive injuries. (sciencedaily.com)

Among U.S. soldiers who have sustained injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, one estimate puts the rate of TBI at nearly 20 percent. (harvardmagazine.com)
Blast injury emerged as a primary source of morbidity among US military personnel during the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and led to an array of adverse health outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
A total of 1972 US military personnel who sustained a blast-related injury during military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan were identified from clinical records. (biomedcentral.com)

They compared these results with brain tissue samples from three young amateur American football players and a professional wrestler, all of whom had a history of repetitive concussive injury, and four samples from comparably-aged normal controls with no history of blast exposure, concussive injury or neurological disease. (sciencedaily.com)
The investigators found that CTE neuropathology in the brains of blast-exposed military veterans was similar to that found in young athletes with repetitive concussion and consistent with what has previously been observed in brain samples from other athletes with a history of repetitive concussive injury. (sciencedaily.com)

radiologic or biological contamination), the surrounding environment (eg, the presence of intervening protective barriers), the distance between the victim and the blast, the delivery method if a bomb is involved, and any other environmental hazards. (medscape.com)
Hazards of Arc Flash/Blast 1. (cdc.gov)
Instead, workers in many states who are exposed to extreme heat are ostensibly protected by what is known as the "general duty clause," which requires employers to mitigate hazards that could cause serious injury or death. (wwlp.com)
The paper provides an overview of lightning hazards in blasting oper. (cdc.gov)

When a nuclear weapon explodes, it gives off four types of energy: a blast wave, intense light, heat, and radiation. (cdc.gov)
3. The intense heat may melt metal electrical components and blast molten droplets considerable distances. (cdc.gov)
For large nuclear weapons, the range of intense direct radiation is less than the range of lethal blast and thermal radiation effects. (atomicarchive.com)
However the bulk of bTBI occurs in the first three phases: the primary injury phase is usually comprised of the response of brain tissue to the blast wave (an intense overpressurization impulse component of the blast). (sciencepop.org)
An intense blast wave can tear tissue. (msdmanuals.com)

In addition, they compared the brain tissue samples to those from a control group of four young men without a history of blast exposure, concussive injury or neurological disease. (sciencedaily.com)
This research, which represents the first case series of postmortem brains from U.S. military personnel who were exposed to a blast and/or a concussive injury, will be published online May 16 by Science Translational Medicine . (sciencedaily.com)
In this study, investigators performed comprehensive neuropathological analyses on brain tissue from four military service personnel with known blast exposure and/or concussive injury. (sciencedaily.com)
Our results showed that the neuropathology from blast exposure, concussive injury, or both were virtually indistinguishable from those with a history of repeat concussive injury," said McKee, who is the director of the Brain Banks for BU's Alzheimer's Disease Center and the Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy, which are based at the Bedford VA Medical Center. (sciencedaily.com)

In a bomb blast, a pressure wave passes through brain tissue, causing it to stretch and deform. (npr.org)
Scientists have found new evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in brain tissue from blast-exposed military service personnel. (sciencedaily.com)
Investigators from Boston University (BU) and the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System have shown evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in brain tissue from blast-exposed military service personnel. (sciencedaily.com)
A high-speed shadowgraph system is utilized to visualize the development of the blast wave and its interaction with tissue sample. (aps.org)
Surface deformation of the tissue sample is also measured for the analysis of internal stress and possible injury occurred within the tissue sample. (aps.org)
Dr. Assari has extensive experience designing and conducting in vivo large and small animal testing in the field of injury biomechanics, instrumentation and sensor design, high-speed data acquisition (including high-speed stereo imaging), tissue material characterization, and injury mechanism analysis. (exponent.com)

The breakthrough study, published recently in the journal Science Translational Medicine , finds that the brain injuries suffered by soldiers from improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are due to the head rotation or motion from the blast wind. (sciencedaily.com)
The study showed that the brain injuries observed in mice exposed to blasts -- equivalent to battlefield exposures -- are identical to the brain injuries suffered by soldiers from military blasts, such as IEDs, when the heads were allowed to move. (sciencedaily.com)
IEDs and other bombs led to brain injuries in service people but appear so far to not increase their risk of CTE. (npr.org)

Report on a NIOSH study to identify factors that may contribute to nitrogen oxides (NOx) production associated with non-ideal detonation of blasting agents. (cdc.gov)

HE and LE induce different injury patterns. (wikipedia.org)
In an article published in September 2009 in Physical Review Letters, Moss and King found that non-lethal blasts may induce sufficient skull rippling to generate potentially damaging forces in the brain without a head impact. (sciencedaily.com)

The scientists also compared the magnitude of the ionospheric wave generated by the Beirut blast to similar waves following natural and anthropogenic events. (scitechdaily.com)
They found that the wave generated by the Beirut blast was slightly larger than a wave generated by the 2004 eruption of Asama Volcano in central Japan, and comparable to ones that followed other recent eruptions on Japanese islands. (scitechdaily.com)
The response to the Beirut blast was the first funds, that fact is "private hospitals are owed US$ 1.3 bil- weakening in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. (who.int)

It was sufficiently large that the crew were killed," said Rachel Lance, a graduate student in injury biomechanics at Duke University, North Carolina in Nature . (foxnews.com)
Dr. Assari is a biomechanics expert with a special focus on injury biomechanics. (exponent.com)
Leveraging his multidisciplinary background, education, and research in injury biomechanics, mechanical engineering, and biomedical devices, he addresses issues related to motor vehicle collisions, premises liability events, and incidents that result in traumatic brain injury. (exponent.com)
During his time at the Temple Biomechanics Laboratory, Dr. Assari conducted pioneering research on traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by head acceleration, blunt impact, or blast wave exposure. (exponent.com)

However, when the head motions were restrained, there were no brain injuries or other neurological effects in the mice. (sciencedaily.com)
As a co-author of the paper, Moss contributed to the sections describing the blast characteristics and the discussion leading to the conclusion that blast-induced head motion was the predominant brain injury mechanism. (sciencedaily.com)
John is one of more than five million people in the United States living with the long-term effects of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by the sudden force of a fall, hit, or blast. (harvardmagazine.com)
Using imaging, animal studies, and experiments on cultured cells, they hope to help dispel the mysteries surrounding brain injury. (harvardmagazine.com)
Improvements in medical care have saved the lives of people with some of the most severe brain injuries. (harvardmagazine.com)
Despite a high risk of brain injury, military personnel rarely develop chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a disabling condition often found in former boxers and football players. (npr.org)
Brain injuries in football or boxing are caused by an impact that pushes the brain against the skull. (npr.org)
We've subjected our head-neck model to blasts from the front, from the side, from the rear, and what we see are what looks like peppered regions in the brain," localized regions experiencing cavitation, Taylor said, pointing to the occipital, temporal and brain stem areas on a slide from a simulation. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
Laboratory experiments demonstrated that exposure to a single blast equivalent to a typical improvised explosive device results in CTE and long-term brain impairments that accompany the disease. (sciencedaily.com)
Surprisingly, the long-term impairments in brain function, including impaired learning and memory, were observed just two weeks after exposure to a single blast. (sciencedaily.com)
Low-cost blast wave generator for studies of hearing loss and brain injury: blast wave effects in closed spaces. (rochester.edu)
This project aims to develop targted intranasally delivered, magnetically propulsed, and targted nanoparticles for traumatic brain injury (TBI). (sbir.gov)
This is the combination of traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
TBI is a force to the head that damages the brain and impairs its function, with the extent and kind of harm depending on the exact location and scope of the injury. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
What is known about the impact of blasts on the brain essentially comes from animal models. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
But in the animal literature there is a difference in what the connectivity looks like"-in other words, how the brain's parts work together-"in blast injury versus traumatic brain injury, that we are typically used to seeing," Krengel says. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
This analysis describes the incidence of visual dysfunctions following a diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among active component service members. (health.mil)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common in military service because of both deployment and non-deployment causes, including blast injuries, motor vehicle accidents, falls, and combative actions. (health.mil)
Since 2000, there have been over 380,000 TBIs reported by the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. (health.mil)
The problem of providing long-term treatment for children with brain injuries isn't just personal, but societal. (injurytriallawyer.com)
According to another recent study, 45% of homeless men surveyed had experienced a traumatic brain injury. (injurytriallawyer.com)
The majority suffered the traumatic brain injury before they lost their housing, a finding that suggests that they might not otherwise have become homeless. (injurytriallawyer.com)
Unfortunately, dealing with the insurance claims process can be especially difficult for someone who is still in the early stages of recovery from a brain injury. (injurytriallawyer.com)
If you or a loved one has suffered a traumatic brain injury, it may be time to speak with an experienced personal injury attorney who can help you navigate the civil claims process. (injurytriallawyer.com)
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Upon release, these high pressure waves propagate rapidly and interact with human head and lead to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). (asme.org)
Toward this effort, the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2019 ( 5 ) passed by Congress emphasized the importance of preventing blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) in both combat and training sessions. (frontiersin.org)
Distressing brain injury due to explosive or blast events happens to be divided into 4 phases: primary supplementary tertiary and quaternary blast injury. (sciencepop.org)
This perhaps led to the well publicized view that blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is the signature brain injury for combat troops in today's armed service. (sciencepop.org)
These groupings apply not only to studying brain injuries but also to other body regions susceptible to injury from blast. (sciencepop.org)

The symptoms of CTE overlap those seen in military personnel exposed to bomb blasts. (npr.org)
TBI can impact military personnel exposed to an explosive blast and may affect approximately 20 percent of the 2.3 million servicemen and women deployed since 2001. (sciencedaily.com)

In this way the interaction of blast waves is similar to that of sound waves or water waves. (wikipedia.org)
To this end, we performed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to better understand the mechanism of the blast shockwave interaction with head, as well as the effect of the helmet on the alteration of flow mechanics. (asme.org)

The ability for material configurations to amplify blast pressure and injury has been shown experimentally by other researches, and numerically in this study. (uwaterloo.ca)
He also showed that the experimentally produced blast waves were similar -- in amplitude and duration -- to military exposures. (sciencedaily.com)

Her simulation studied pressures within the heart, lungs and other organs in different scenarios, such as a soldier standing about 10 feet from a roadside bomb blast. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)

These effects vary depending upon the severity of the injury. (health.mil)

In fluid dynamics, a blast wave is the increased pressure and flow resulting from the deposition of a large amount of energy in a small, very localised volume. (wikipedia.org)
In simpler terms, a blast wave is an area of pressure expanding supersonically outward from an explosive core. (wikipedia.org)
The blast wave is followed by a blast wind of negative gauge pressure, which sucks items back in towards the center. (wikipedia.org)
The equation for a Friedlander waveform describes the pressure of the blast wave as a function of time: P ( t ) = P s e − t t ∗ ( 1 − t t ∗ ) . {\displaystyle P(t)=P_{s}e^{-{\frac {t}{t^{*}}}}\left(1-{\frac {t}{t^{*}}}\right). (wikipedia.org)
While the FE model provides detail, this method has several limitations, including the lack of additional research measuring the intracochlear pressure during a blast, and the need for additional animal models exposed to BOP. (health.mil)
Idealized graph of a blast pressure wave over time. (medscape.com)
Foams, which have excellent characteristics in terms of energy absorption and density, can be used in conjunction with other materials to drastically reduce the amplitude of the transmitted pressure wave and corresponding injury. (uwaterloo.ca)
This paper has extensive data and simulations especially regarding the profound effect of pressure waves on the lungs as well as blast-mitigating armor and data concerning wave reflection off of stationary objects, e.g. in a city. (sciencemadness.org)
Cavitation is the formation of vapor cavities - bubbles - caused by rapid pressure changes in fluid, which can occur from blast exposure. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)
It is known, for example, that relatively few direct injuries are caused by the blast or the actual "squeezing" of the bomb's pressure wave. (saturdayeveningpost.com)
Moreover, development of an amplified pressure region at the opposite side of the incoming blast waves, referred to as the underwash effect of helmets has raised some concerns. (asme.org)
The compressible, turbulent blast flow was simulated in ANSYS CFX by releasing the air from a high-pressure domain into the low-pressure one (at ambient pressure). (asme.org)
Our primary results revealed that the change of the flow momentum inside the helmet gap, the reunion of the blast flow inside the gap as well as the development of adverse pressure gradient (and hence recirculating flow region) at the rear side of the head are the major reasons leading to this adverse phenomenon. (asme.org)
Personal injury from flying glass is possible even when in compliance with government regulations due to its high failure potential under low blast pressure. (asce.org)
2. A high-amperage arc can produce a pressure wave blast with a force of up to 1000 pounds. (cdc.gov)
For the most part, a nuclear blast kills people by indirect means rather than by direct pressure. (atomicarchive.com)

The Washington Accident Books ™ is a collection of books, reports, and other materials designed to educate the public about the nature of accidents and the legal rights of injury victims. (injurytriallawyer.com)

Blast waves also throw debris at very high speed that can injure any part of the body. (msdmanuals.com)

When a nuclear weapon is detonated on or near Earth's surface, the blast digs out a large crater. (atomicarchive.com)
The flash of light of a nuclear blast can temporarily blind you and the blast wave can turn a building into rubble. (naturalnews.com)
In the immediate aftermath of the blast, assuming that you and your family are alright and were able to quickly bug out to your shelter, stay inside because the nuclear fallout will arrive soon. (naturalnews.com)

In physics, interference is the meeting of two correlated waves and either increasing or lowering the net amplitude, depending on whether it is constructive or destructive interference. (wikipedia.org)
The team studied how compressive wave amplitude and bubble size influenced microjetting strength. (homelandsecuritynewswire.com)

The lungs, bowel, and middle ear are most susceptible to primary blast injuries (PBIs). (medscape.com)
People who have sustained blast injury to the lungs may have shortness of breath, cough (including coughing up blood), chest pain, rapid breathing, and wheezing. (msdmanuals.com)

Most of the TBI research has been done in survivors of either motor vehicle accidents or sports injuries-a quarterback [who] gets knocked unconscious" or a driver who hits his head against the steering wheel, says Matthew Friedman, MD, PhD, Executive Director of the National Center on PTSD and professor of psychiatry at Dartmouth medical school. (veteransforcommonsense.org)

The specific injuries resulting from blasts are numerous. (biomedcentral.com)

Now, calculations by Hokkaido University scientists in Japan have found that the atmospheric wave from the blast led to electron disturbances high in Earth's upper atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)

Reports on this form of blast injury appeared periodically over the years but not until very recently was the true extent of injury better elucidated (Pary et al. (sciencepop.org)

Primary blast injury The principal blast injury phase is limited to accidental injuries caused by the rapidly expanding blast wave (Scott et al. (sciencepop.org)

The tertiary injury phase results from head contact/acceleration causes as the body is usually moved by the "blast wind" (a forced super-heated air flow). (sciencepop.org)

We found that the blast generated a wave that traveled in the ionosphere in a southwards direction at a velocity of around 0.8 kilometers per second," says Hokkaido University Earth and Planetary scientist Kosuke Heki. (scitechdaily.com)

Within the blast zone, you can't protect yourself by hiding in a fridge, despite what happened in "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. (insidescience.org)
For injuries in the civilian populace the mechanical factors are often grouped into either the or causes 3-Methylcrotonyl Glycine that produce the different mixture of clinical injuries ranging from concussion to skull fracture contusions and diffuse axonal injury (DAI). (sciencepop.org)

To examine the impact of a single blast exposure, the investigators collaborated with leading experts in blast physics, experimental pathology and neurophysiology at Boston University, VA Boston Healthcare System, White River Junction VA Medical Center, New York Medical College, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Oxford. (sciencedaily.com)
The first was an introductory level course and the second an advanced level course on impact and blast resistant design methods. (wessex.ac.uk)
His current research interests lie in advancing the understanding of blast and impact performance of new and innovative structural materials and systems through sub-scale testing and computer simulation. (wessex.ac.uk)
A High negative impact of COVID-19 was experienced in the second wave, with increased hospital admissions that overwhelmed the healthcare system. (cdc.gov)

Tracking the sample surface deformation as a function of time provides realistic boundary conditions for numerical simulation of injury process. (aps.org)

It's likely the crew of eight was killed instantly by the blast of its own torpedo. (foxnews.com)
After three years of sleuthing, Rachel Lance , a U.S. Navy biomedical engineer who holds a PhD from Duke University's Pratt School of Engineering in North Carolina, concludes that the blast from the sub's own torpedo sent blast waves through its iron hull and caused instant death for the eight men inside. (smithsonianmag.com)

The bill called for a review of the cognitive effects of blast exposure including both the effects of successive blast events, and the feasibility of understanding the cumulative (lifetime or annual) limits of blast exposure ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)

The goals of this research intended to provide preliminary support for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of blast-related hearing loss. (health.mil)

The developed fabric and foam material models were then utilized in conjunction with a detailed torso model for the estimation of lung injury resulting from air blast. (uwaterloo.ca)

The neuropsychiatric symptoms of CTE that have previously been associated with athletes diagnosed with CTE could also be attributed to military personnel who were exposed to blast," said Goldstein, who also is affiliated with the BU Photonics Center and served as the study's lead author. (sciencedaily.com)
In comparing lifetime blast exposure at baseline (prior to exposure in current training), and top associated symptoms, we identified significant DMRs associated with tinnitus, sleep difficulties, and headache. (frontiersin.org)
versions 3-Methylcrotonyl Glycine Introduction A number of the 1st explanations of blast results on humans started in Globe War I where in fact the term "shell surprise" was initially coined (Southborough 1922 At that time it was as yet not known if the basis from the connected symptoms was because of a mental or natural condition. (sciencepop.org)
Some reports by armed service medical official Charles Myers (Myers 1940 Myers 1915 as well as the influence of neurologist Gordon Holmes (Macleod 2004 led to the first descriptions of such symptoms to include a temporary altered mental state or confusion immediately following the blast. (sciencepop.org)

Unique patterns of injury are found in all blast types. (medscape.com)
We aimed to define multimorbidity patterns in a population of blast-injured military personnel, and to examine these patterns in relation to long-term quality of life (QOL). (biomedcentral.com)

Intestinal barotrauma is more common with underwater than air blast injuries. (medscape.com)

Musculoskeletal injuries are the most common modern warfare wounds, accounting for 60% to 70% of all wounds. (lww.com)

The atomic bomb's most destructive elements are its blast and heat, which-although of far greater magnitude-are the same forces as in the ordinary bomb, and what is a defense against the blast and heat of one is a defense against the same two forces of the other. (saturdayeveningpost.com)

Just 6.7 percent of the brains from 45 people exposed to blasts were diagnosed with the condition. (npr.org)
And then the second piece is that so many of these people have had more than one blast injury," Friedman continues. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
There were no reported deaths, yet numerous people gawking out their windows suffered injuries as the blast wave blew glass in their faces. (insidescience.org)
A historic heat wave that began blasting the Southwest and other parts of the country this summer is shining a spotlight on one of the harshest, yet least-addressed, effects of climate change in the U.S.: the rising deaths and injuries of people who work in extreme heat, whether inside hot warehouses and kitchens or outside under the blazing sun. (wwlp.com)
In a blast epicenter (kill zone), most people are dead or mortally injured. (msdmanuals.com)
o Approximately 1,200 cases of injured people will be in need of Hospitalized injuries by affected limb reconstruction, and will require up to 7 surgeries and body part extensive rehabilitation and treatment for up to 2 years5. (who.int)

Anatomy1

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs1

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Named Groups1

Health Care2

Geographicals2

Overpressure5

Traumatic brain in10

Explosions9

Shock15

Explosion20

Explosive blasts1

Trauma8

Casualties2

Detonate2

Shrapnel6

Quaternary injuries1

Explosives3

Researchers5

Mechanisms8

20204

Neurotrauma2

Impacts3

Damage14

Concussions3

Iraq and Afghanistan3

Repetitive concussive2

Hazards4

Intense5

Concussive4

Tissue6

IEDs3

Detonation1

Induce2

Beirut3

Biomechanics4

Brain32

Military personnel exposed2

Interaction2

Experimentally2

Organs1

Severity1

Pressure16

Victims1

Debris1

Nuclear3

Amplitude2

Lungs2

Motor vehicle a1

Specific injuries1

Earth's1

Form of blast1

Primary blast1

Tertiary injury1

Found that the blast1

Skull2

Impact4

Numerical Simulation1

Torpedo2

Effects of blast1

Diagnosis1

Lung injury1

Symptoms4

Patterns2

Barotrauma1

Musculoskeletal1

Destructive1

People6