LipoproteinsChylomicronsHigh-density lipApoBCholesterolHepaticMetabolismProteinsLipidsLipidReceptorClearance of apolipoproteinAntibodyTriglyceridesMoleculeParticlesDensityAPOEProteinInsulin ResistanceDecreasesIncreasesDetectsChylomicronemiaHepatocytesFractionsMetabolicSerumPurificationLevelsObesityRiskSpecificCells
Lipoproteins22
- ApoB100 is found in lipoproteins originating from the liver (VLDL, IDL, LDL). (wikipedia.org)
- The 4 major lipoproteins are very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and chylomicrons (CMs). (medscape.com)
- Other apolipoproteins (A, C, D, E, and their subtypes) are soluble and are exchanged between lipoproteins during metabolism. (medscape.com)
- 2 In the blood, APOE protein could interact with lipids, resulting in lipoproteins, including very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). (dovepress.com)
- APOE is a 299 amino acid plasma glycoprotein associated with LDL, VLDL, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). (dovepress.com)
- Hyperlipidemia comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by high levels in one or more lipids and/or lipoproteins [atherogenic free fatty acids (FA), triglycerides (TG) (hypertriglyceridemia), small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (hypercholesterolemia), and apolipoprotein (apo) B], and/or low level in antiatherogenic high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), in the circulation [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Regulation and clearance of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. (medlineplus.gov)
- Apolipoprotein B (apo B) in human plasma is a major protein of low density lipoproteins (LDL) with a molecular mass of approximately 260-500 kDa. (thermofisher.com)
- Apolipoprotein B is mostly synthesized in the liver, and is a major apolipoprotein of very low density, intermediate density and low density lipoproteins (LDL) as well as being a major component of lipoprotein (a). (thermofisher.com)
- Moreover, thyroid hormones stimulate the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), an enzyme which transports cholesteryl esters from HDL2 to the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and triglycerides in the opposite direction 9 (figure). (hormones.gr)
- Apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) has been identified to play an important role in lipid metabolism, specifically in triglyceride (TG) and TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
- The transfer of the major egg yolk proteins such as Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) containing essentially apovitellenin and apolipoprotein-B, but also vitellogenins and some other plasma proteins from the blood such as serum albumin to the interstitial fluid of the thecae is possible due to the presence of broad discontinuities in the capillary endothelium. (biomedcentral.com)
- Apo B is a protein involved in lipid metabolism and is the major protein component of lipoproteins, such as very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL or "bad" cholesterol). (athenslab.gr)
- ApoB-100 is carried on VLDL and the lipoproteins derived from its metabolism, including VLDL remnants or intermediate-density lipoprotein and LDL. (medscape.com)
- The major apolipoproteins of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are alpha lipoproteins (ie, apolipoprotein A-I [apo A-I], apo A-II, apo A-IV), which are soluble and can move between different classes of lipoproteins. (medscape.com)
- Apolipoprotein C-III (apo C-III) is found on the surface of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins ( 6 ). (docsopinion.com)
- VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). (sabawp.com)
- IDL is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water-based solution of the bloodstream. (sabawp.com)
- Other articles where Intermediate-density lipoprotein is discussed: metabolic disease: Lipoprotein disorders: are chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). (sabawp.com)
- Most of the circulating cholesterol is found in three major lipoprotein fractions: Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), LDL, and HDL. (cdc.gov)
- Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) contain apoprotein B-100 (apo B), are synthesized in the liver, and transport TGs and cholesterol to peripheral tissues. (msdmanuals.com)
- Al lomicrons, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), Muhtaseb's study of Arab women indi- very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and cated an incidence of 50% of lipid disorders high-density lipoproteins (HDL). (who.int)
Chylomicrons8
- Apolipoprotein B is the primary apolipoprotein of chylomicrons, VLDL, Lp(a), IDL, and LDL particles (LDL-commonly known as "bad cholesterol" when in reference to both heart disease and vascular disease in general), which is responsible for carrying fat molecules (lipids), including cholesterol, around the body to all cells within all tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- MTP mediates intracellular lipid transport in the intestine and liver and thus ensures the normal function of chylomicrons (CMs) in enterocytes and of VLDL in hepatocytes. (medscape.com)
- APOE is also involved in the formation of chylomicrons and VLDL and affects the activity of other lipid metabolism-associated proteins and enzymes, such as hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. (dovepress.com)
- APOE is an integral component of chylomicrons, VLDL, and HDL in the peripheral system ( Table 1 ). (dovepress.com)
- PPAR-alpha activation increases the expression of lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) while simultaneously decreasing expression of apoC-III in the liver, which decreases VLDL particles and lowering plasma triglycerides in chylomicrons (Staels and Fruchart 2005). (bodybuilding.com)
- Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipoprotein found primarily in chylomicrons and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL). (docsopinion.com)
- The microparticles described by Phillips and coworkers had a mean diameter of 24 nm, as judged by â ¦ Cholesterol also undergoes esterification as it is packaged into chylomicrons and VLDL inside intestinal and liver cells, respectively. (vondellhenderson.com)
- Once in the enterocyte, FFA chains and 2MG compounds are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they are reformed into triglycerides and packaged into chylomicrons in the golgi apparatus to receive chylomicron specific apolipoproteins, namely apo B48, which is a marker for TG chylomicron. (medscape.com)
High-density lip2
- Gemfibrozil is a lipid regulating agent which decreases serum triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, and increases high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. (nih.gov)
- Gemfibrozil increases levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions HDL 2 and HDL 3 , as well as apolipoproteins AI and AII. (nih.gov)
ApoB5
- Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOB gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Familial hypobetalipoproteinaemia (FHBL) is a codominant disorder characterised by fatty liver and reduced plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and its protein constituent apolipoprotein B (apoB). (bmj.com)
- Normal plasma apolipoprotein B levels are around 800mg/L. Apolipoprotein B occurs in plasma as two main isoforms, apoB-48 and apoB-100. (thermofisher.com)
- This CETP inhibition, which exchanges a triglyceride molecule for a cholesteryl ester molecule between HDL-C-containing and apolipoprotein B (ApoB)-containing particles, also this particular therapeutic has been shown in prior studies to decrease ApoB significantly and, actually, to even decrease Lp(a), which is interesting. (medscape.com)
- Apolipoprotein B (apoB ) is a major component of atherogenic lipoprotein particles such as LDL, VLDL and Lp(a). (docsopinion.com)
Cholesterol10
- These particles consist of a core of cholesterol esters and triglycerides surrounded by a monolayer of free cholesterol, phospholipids, and proteins (apolipoproteins). (medscape.com)
- Apolipoprotein B binds to specific receptors on cell membranes and is involved in removal of LDL and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol from circulation. (thermofisher.com)
- As the mass of TO in the diet increased, plasma VLDL-cholesterol concentrations rose. (cambridge.org)
- The TM-rich diets produced a concentration-dependent increase in total plasma cholesterol which was a result of significant increases in both VLDL and HDL levels. (cambridge.org)
- Non-HDL cholesterol (the sum of LDL, VLDL and IDL cholesterol) is considered to be particularly valuable in the management of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes. (bgu.ac.il)
- After adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, and other lifestyle risk factors, the multivariate relative risks (RRs) of CHD for extreme quartiles were 1.97 (95% CI: 1.14-3.43) for non-HDL cholesterol, 1.78 (1.02-3.11) for apolipoprotein B-100, and 1.93 (1.15-3.22) for LDL cholesterol. (bgu.ac.il)
- Author information: (1)Department of Chemical Pathology and Metabolic Disorders, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, U.K. Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol is produced in the liver and released into the bloodstream to supply body tissues with a type of fat (triglycerides). (sabawp.com)
- LDL, low density lipoprotein - this is the last VLDL remnant, and contains chiefly cholesterol. (sabawp.com)
- High triglycerides are associated with increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with other risk factors, such as low HDL-cholesterol, some patient groups with elevated apolipoprotein-B, and patients with forms of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol that may be particularly atherogenic. (cdc.gov)
- where [triglycerides/5] is an estimate of VLDL-cholesterol and all values are expressed in mg/dL. (cdc.gov)
Hepatic4
- The intestinal and the hepatic forms of Apolipoprotein B are encoded by a single gene from a single, very long mRNA. (thermofisher.com)
- In the metabolic syndrome, increased apoC-III concentration, resulting from hepatic overproduction of VLDL (very-LDL) apoC-III, is strongly associated with delayed catabolism of triacylglycerols and TRLs. (portlandpress.com)
- Hepatic LDL-receptor mRNA concentrations were significantly decreased in animals fed on TP, while apolipoprotein B mRNA concentrations were significantly increased. (cambridge.org)
- HDL is a small particle composed of phospholipid and apolipoproteins and produced in hepatic and intestinal cells. (sabawp.com)
Metabolism5
- these apolipoproteins have lipid-soluble segments, the beta apolipoproteins, which remain part of the lipoprotein throughout its metabolism. (medscape.com)
- ApoC-III (apolipoprotein C-III), an important regulator of lipoprotein metabolism, is strongly associated with hypertriglyceridaemia and the progression of CVD. (portlandpress.com)
- These effects on lipoprotein metabolism may be exerted through specific modulation of the expression of the LDL receptor and apolipoprotein B genes. (cambridge.org)
- The proteins, termed apolipoproteins, play an important role in lipoprotein metabolism. (medscape.com)
- IDL - intermediate density lipoprotein, is created by the metabolism of VLDL. (sabawp.com)
Proteins3
- Apolipoprotein H (ApoH), also known as beta 2‑Glycoprotein I/ beta 2-GPI, is a variably glycosylated member of the complement control superfamily of proteins with a molecular weight of aproximately 50 kDa (1, 2). (rndsystems.com)
- Among 92 plasma proteins and 135 lipid subspecies quantified with mass spectrometry, it correlated inversely with zinc-a-2-glycoprotein and positively with afamin, complement factor H, VLDL-associated apolipoproteins, and lipid subspecies containing monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. (kcl.ac.uk)
- Evidences have suggested that proteins primarily related to plasma lipoprotein transport, such as apolipoprotein (apo) CIII and E, may significantly affect the process of body fat accumulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Lipids2
- Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular disease. (thieme-connect.com)
- In some patients, increased serum lipids reflect elevated levels of intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), lipoprotein a (Lp[a]), or even the abnormal lipoprotein complex-LpX. (sabawp.com)
Lipid6
- Overproduction of apolipoprotein B can result in lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and insulin resistance in the liver. (wikipedia.org)
- Each lipoprotein is characterized by its lipid composition and by the type and number of apolipoproteins it possesses. (medscape.com)
- Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipid-transport protein abundantly expressed in most neurons in the central nervous system. (dovepress.com)
- Apolipoprotein measurements may provide more detail about your risk for heart disease, but the added value of this test beyond a lipid panel is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
- In addition, there are other lipid particles including VLDL, IDL, and LPA that can also pose a risk to your health. (requestatest.com)
- Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) is a protein that helps to transport lipid particles throughout the body. (requestatest.com)
Receptor5
- Apolipoprotein B is a ligand for the LDL receptor and elevated levels are associated with premature atherosclerosis. (thermofisher.com)
- Se une y es necesaria para la degradación lisosómica del RECEPTOR DE LDL (LDLR), el receptor de VLDL y el RECEPTOR de APOLIPOPROTEÍNA E. También regula la APOPTOSIS neuronal. (bvsalud.org)
- Cell surface receptor for Reelin (RELN) and apolipoprotein E (apoE)-containing ligands. (trigoats.com)
- Reelin acts via both the VLDL receptor (VLDLR) and LRP8 to regulate DAB1 tyrosine phosphorylation and microtubule function in neurons. (trigoats.com)
- 4) low-density lipoprotein (L … The separation between the β-lipoprotein and pre−β-lipoprotein bands is very poor because of the increase in the concentration of abnormal intermediate-density lipoprotein (which lacks apolipoprotein E). Apo B-100 is a ligand for the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and therefore plays an important role in the clearance of lipoprotein particles. (sabawp.com)
Clearance of apolipoprotein1
- Gemfibrozil also inhibits the synthesis and increases the clearance of apolipoprotein B, a carrier molecule for VLDL. (pharmfair.com)
Antibody2
- PVDF membrane was probed with 0.25 µg/mL of Sheep Anti-Mouse/Rat Apolipoprotein H/ApoH Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6575) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016 ). (rndsystems.com)
- The following product was used in this experiment: Apolipoprotein B Monoclonal Antibody (F2C9) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MIA1609, RRID AB_11152638. (thermofisher.com)
Triglycerides1
- It is also found in very low density lipoprotein ( VLDL ), which is made up of mostly triglycerides (a type of fat in your blood). (medlineplus.gov)
Molecule1
- There is a single molecule of Apo B-100 per very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle. (sabawp.com)
Particles1
- Apolipoprotein CII (apoCII) is a protein found in large fat particles that the gastrointestinal tract absorbs. (medlineplus.gov)
Density2
- ABL is a rare disease associated with a unique plasma lipoprotein profile in which LDL and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) are essentially absent. (medscape.com)
- Apo-CIII is a component of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). (nsjbio.com)
APOE1
- The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is located on chromosome 19 and encodes a glycoprotein that is 299 amino acids long. (dovepress.com)
Protein3
- PGC-1α overexpression in hepatocytes lowered expression of genes critical to VLDL assembly and secretion (apolipoprotein B and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein). (eurekamag.com)
- Levels of apolipoproteins A1 and B, specific HDL and LDL protein components, are also good prognostic risk indicators. (athenslab.gr)
- Apolipoprotein C-III, also known as apo-CIII, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC3 gene. (nsjbio.com)
Insulin Resistance1
- Independent Regulatory Effects of Adiponectin, Insulin Resistance, and Fat Compartments on VLDL Apolipoprotein B-100 Kinetics? (diabetesjournals.org)
Decreases1
- These decreases occur primarily in the VLDL fraction and less frequently in the LDL fraction. (curehunter.com)
Increases1
- Gemfibrozil increases HDL subfractions HDL2 and HDL3 as well as apolipoproteins A-I and A-II. (curehunter.com)
Detects2
- Detects mouse and rat Apolipoprotein H/ApoH in Western blots and detects recombinant mouse Apolipoprotein H/ApoH in direct ELISAs. (rndsystems.com)
- MIA1609 detects Apolipoprotein B which has a predicted molecular weight of approximately 502 kDa. (thermofisher.com)
Chylomicronemia1
- Hypertriglyceridemia associated with increased levels of VLDL and occasionally fasting chylomicronemia are found less commonly in this population 15 . (hormones.gr)
Hepatocytes1
- VLDL and CMs are assembled within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes and enterocytes, respectively, transported to the Golgi complex, and then secreted into the circulation. (medscape.com)
Fractions1
- The LDL/VLDL and HDL Purification Kit uses Dextran Sulfate to selectively and separately precipitate LDL/VLDL and HDL fractions. (antikoerper-online.de)
Metabolic1
- In recent years, a newly discovered apolipoprotein has been proved to be closely related to the occurrence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
Serum1
- Each kit provides sufficient reagents to perform up to 10 preps, and each preparation can purify up to 10 mL of serum or plasma samples with a yield of ~600 μg of LDL/VLDL per mL and ~4500 μg of HDL per mL for human samples (expected yield will vary by species). (antikoerper-online.de)
Purification1
- The kit allows for the purification of LDL/VLDL and/or HDL without the need for ultracentrifugation. (antikoerper-online.de)
Levels1
- Circulating levels of ApoH are postively correlated with triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (VLDL) components in type II diabetes (9). (rndsystems.com)
Obesity1
- The study included 56 individuals with obesity, of whom 30 individuals underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and twenty-six underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG). (biomedcentral.com)
Risk1
- In the search for a more accurate way to screen for CVD risk Apolipoprotein B or Apo B has become a frontrunner. (requestatest.com)
Specific1
- A specific band was detected for Apolipoprotein H/ApoH at approximately 50-60 kDa (as indicated). (rndsystems.com)
Cells1
- Immunofluorescence analysis of Apolipoprotein B was performed using 70% confluent log phase Hep G2 cells. (thermofisher.com)