• The purpose of the present study was to establish in vitro models to predict the in vivo function of P-gp. (nih.gov)
  • As an in vitro method, the transcellular transport of 12 compounds across the monolayer of Caco-2- and MDR1-transfected cells was examined. (nih.gov)
  • A good correlation was observed between the in vitro flux ratio across the monolayer and in vivo P-gp function for 12 compounds. (nih.gov)
  • Collectively, the in vitro flux ratio across monolayers of P-gp-expressing cells may be used to predict in vivo P-gp function. (nih.gov)
  • The extent of ATP-hydrolysis in vitro may also be a useful parameter for in vivo prediction, particularly for eliminating P-gp substrates in high-throughput screening procedures. (nih.gov)
  • The purpose of this study was to demonstrate experimentally that alterations of in vivo transporter function at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in disease and during pharmacotherapy can be reconstructed from in vitro data based on our established pharmacoproteomic concept of reconstructing in vivo function by integrating intrinsic transport activity per transporter molecule and absolute protein expression level at the BBB. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Multiple preclinical studies in vitro and in vivo have proven curcumin to be effective against various cancers. (hindawi.com)
  • Apoptosis is a double-edged sword mechanism, which is used by the host to eliminate viruses and is manipulated by the virus to cause cytopathic effects in vitro and/or tissue damage in vivo [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For in-vitro and in-vivo characterizations, the sample is the biological specimen (cell line, animal, and so forth). (nih.gov)
  • The nanomaterial applied to a biospecimen in an in-vitro or in-vivo assay is considered as a study factor along with other factors that vary in the experiment (for example, dose). (nih.gov)
  • For in vitro and in vivo characterizations in which the biological specimen is the primary sample, the material should be referenced as a material factor (e.g. (nih.gov)
  • To investigate whether PC1 resulting from missense mutations are amenable to rescue by chaperone therapy, two patient-based mutations were chosen: p.R2220W and p.E2771K.2) To perform in vitro studies evaluating expression and trafficking of mutant Polycystin-1: The inactivation of endogenous Pkd1 and Pkd2 in LLC-PK1 cells was developed as a functional bioassay to address expression and trafficking of mutant PC1 by using fluorescent staining methods. (fapesp.br)
  • We are taking comprehensive approaches and applying multiple model systems, including in vitro 3D culture, in vivo live image technology, in vitro organ culture, in vivo live image technology, in vitro organ culture/tissue slice culture, isolated kidney perfusion, mouse models and zebrafish models to study protein trafficking/epithelial polarity/remodeling in various kidney disease contexts. (massgeneral.org)
  • However, advances in cell and tissue culture will permit the development of in vitro toxicity assays. (pharmacy180.com)
  • The aim of the development of in vitro tests is not only to replace in vivo animal testing but also to study the mechanisms of cell modulation by toxic compounds. (pharmacy180.com)
  • Recently, for example, in vitro studies involving renal cells in culture suggested that the underlying mechanism of the proteinuria associated with the use of rosuvastatin was inhibition by the statin of the endocytotic uptake of proteins by the proximal tubular cell (Verhulst, D'Haese and De Broe, 2004). (pharmacy180.com)
  • Next, using functional adhesion assay, we demonstrate that CTS-induced increases in the adhesion of macrophages to renal epithelial cells were significantly diminished after reduction of NKA α-1 in either macrophages or renal epithelial cells as well after inhibition of NKA α-1-Src signaling cascade with a specific peptide inhibitor, pNaKtide in vitro. (mcw.edu)
  • Finally, CTS-induced expression of adhesion markers in both endothelial and immune cells was significantly inhibited in an NKA α-1-Src signaling dependent manner in vitro. (mcw.edu)
  • Expanding the substrate scope of pyrrolysyl-transfer RNA synthetase enzymes to include non-σ-amino acids in vitro and in vivo. (harvard.edu)
  • Methods: Exosomes derived from normoxic and hypoxic HCC cells were collected to induce fibroblast activation in vitro and PMN formation in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
  • In kidneys suffering from ischemia-reperfusion and in renal tubular epithelial cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation, NCX extrudes Na + in exchange for Ca 2+ influx, resulting in intracellular Ca 2+ overload and tubular epithelial cell injury (Yamashita J, S Kita, T Iwamoto et al. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Intrinsic clearances ( V max / K m ) of compounds are often calculated using microsome incubations in an effort to predict in vivo hepatic clearances. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These potent effects are driven by curcumin's ability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest, induce autophagy, activate apoptosis, disrupt molecular signaling, inhibit invasion and metastasis, and increase the efficacy of current chemotherapeutics. (hindawi.com)
  • It can reduce LLC-PK1 cells apoptosis caused by PDCoV infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the effects of EP on modulating PDCoV-induced apoptosis and the impact of PDCoV on TJ proteins need to be elucidated in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is associated with cell cycle, growth, survival and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Suppression of S100A11 by small interfering RNA caused cells to apoptosis, and overexpression of S100A11 has been found to inhibit apoptosis in tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • We tested the hypothesis that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced click here inactivation of Akt within endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is mediated at the level of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), specifically by nitrosylation of the p85 subunit of PI3K, and that this action is critical in provoking oxLDL-induced EPC apoptosis. (braf-signal.com)
  • well as a greater percentage of apoptosis in these cells than EPCs isolated from wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6 mice. (braf-signal.com)
  • oxLDL increased O(2)(-) and Selleckchem BVD-523 H(2)O(2) in these cells and induced a dose-and time-dependent reduction in the p-Akt/Akt ratio and increase in EPC apoptosis. (braf-signal.com)
  • The aim of this study was to test for the molecular and functional expression of the non-gastric H + /K + ATPase ATP12A/ATP1AL1 in unstimulated and butyrate-stimulated (1 and 10 mM) human myelomonocytic HL-60 cells, to unravel its potential role as putative apoptosis-counteracting ion transporter as well as to test for the effect of the H + /K + ATPase inhibitor SCH28080 in apoptosis. (karger.com)
  • Caspase-mediated cleavage of focal adhesion kinase disassembly and pp125FAK of focal adhesions in individual endothelial cell apoptosis. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • As a parameter to describe the in vivo P-gp function, we calculated the brain-to-plasma concentration ratio of compounds in mdr1a/1b knockout mice divided by the same ratio in wild type mice. (nih.gov)
  • To demonstrate the roles of hypoxic tumor-derived exosomes (H-TDEs) and miR-4508 in the lung metastasis of liver cancer, H22 tumor cells were injected through the tail vein of mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • A complementary approach uses mice with targeted gene disruption to elucidate the physiological roles of ion exchangers and associated proteins under in vivo conditions. (yale.edu)
  • In the brain, rMdr1a was found to be expressed on the luminal (apical) membrane of capillary endothelial cells, whereas rMdr1b was detected in the parenchyma [13]. (solvobiotech.com)
  • Epithelial and Endothelial Adhesion of Immune Cells Is Enhanced by Cardiotonic Steroid Signaling Through Na+/K+-ATPase-α-1. (mcw.edu)
  • EROS-deficient cells express minimal levels of gp91phox and its binding partner p22phox, but EROS also controls the expression of other proteins such as P2X7. (bvsalud.org)
  • Under normal conditions, a minute amount of low molecular weight proteins are filtered, which then undergo endocytic reabsorption by prox-imal tubular cells. (pharmacy180.com)
  • Vinexin family (SORBS) proteins regulate mechanotransduction in mesenchymal stem cells. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
  • The existence of specific receptors for plant-derived molecules in mammalian cells initiated a search for specific endogenous ligands. (degruyter.com)
  • The liver is a major site of metabolism of many endogenous compounds and xenobiotics since hepatocytes (which comprise 80% of the liver cells) contain large amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, where many metabolizing enzymes reside. (aspetjournals.org)
  • This dysfunction can be reversed by ex vivo antioxidant therapy. (braf-signal.com)
  • In vivo P-gp/mdr1a function at the BBB was reconstructed from the measured P-gp/mdr1a protein expression levels and intrinsic transport activity for verapamil per P-gp/mdr1a previously reported by our group. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Overexpression of human MDR1 versus mouse Mdr1a or Mdr1b in CHO cells conferred different levels of drug resistance due to the distinct capacities of these transporters [27]. (solvobiotech.com)
  • We are also interested in studying the mechanism of renal epithelial cell regeneration and differentiation during tubular repair/remodeling after tubular injury. (massgeneral.org)
  • The microtubule cytoskeleton is critical for muscle cell differentiation and undergoes reorganisation into an array of paraxial microtubules, which serves as template for contractile sarcomere formation. (elifesciences.org)
  • We show that oMAP4 is expressed upon muscle cell differentiation and is the only MAP4 isoform essential for normal progression of the myogenic differentiation programme. (elifesciences.org)
  • Upon differentiation, mono-nucleated myoblasts withdraw from the cell cycle and fuse to form syncytial myotubes ( Wakelam, 1985 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • We used doubly perfused bullfrog kidneys in vivo , and switched the basolateral solution (renal portal vein) to experimental solutions. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Curcumin causes cell death and primarily initiates an autophagic step (mitophagy). (hindawi.com)
  • Effect of turmeric , and curcumin on H2O2-induced renal epithelial (LLC-PK1) cell injury. (ppt-health.com)
  • The uptake of [ 3 H]vinblastine, a substrate of P-gp, by Caco-2 cells was measured. (aspetjournals.org)
  • No significant effect on the uptake of 3- O -[ 3 H]methylglucose or [ 14 C]phenylalanine by Caco-2 cells was found, compared with the control. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The ethyl acetate extract of orange juice and these methoxyflavones also increased steady-state [ 3 H]vinblastine uptake by LLC-GA5-COL300 cells (a cell line transfected with human MDR1 cDNA). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Even when released, they remain largely membrane associated due to their hydrophobic nature and can be taken up by cells via a high-affinity uptake mechanism [ 23 ], which is followed by their enzymatic degradation. (degruyter.com)
  • In various mouse and rat models of obesity and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, eCBs generated in various renal cells activate CB 1 receptors and contribute to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis. (degruyter.com)
  • APP antibodies bind lung endothelium in vivo and are rapidly and actively pumped across the endothelium into lung tissue. (braf-signal.com)
  • INTRODUCTION Apoptotic cell death is usually an indispensable process for embryonic development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms (Jacobson and for 10 min at 4?C. The cell lysate was incubated with anti-V5 antibody bound to Dynabeads Protein G (Invitrogen) under constant rotation for 1 h. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Roles of the Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Marker Meflin in Cardiac Tissue Repair and the Development of Diastolic Dysfunction. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
  • Methods and Results We demonstrate that knockdown of the α-1 isoform of Na/K-ATPase causes a reduction in CTS-induced macrophage infiltration in renal tissue as well reduces the accumulation of immune cells in the peritoneal cavity in vivo. (mcw.edu)
  • Aims: To address whether reduced functional PC1 resulting from missense mutations are amenable to rescue by chaperone therapy.Specific aims:1) To generate modified cell lines and mouse models using genome-editing technology. (fapesp.br)
  • This protein is normally found strictly in the nucleus, but appears in the cytoplasm in cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Indirect immunofluorescence Indirect immunofluorescence was carried out as described previously (Murata-Hori cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • The microtubules in cells that make smaller amounts of this protein were more disorganised, and these cells were unable to fuse with each other to form muscle cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Methods: We used in situ binding, biodistribution analysis and in vivo imaging to assess the lung targeting of 833c. (braf-signal.com)
  • Differences between human, rodent and other species were also found with regard to the inhibitory effects of quinidine and verapamil on Mdr1-mediated daunorubicin, digoxin and cyclosporin A transport in Mdr1-transfected cell lines [30]. (solvobiotech.com)
  • The former did not correlate with in vivo clearance (12.9 ml/min/kg) for digoxin. (aspetjournals.org)
  • For exam-ple, alanine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and glutamyltransferase are enzymes bound to the brush border of proximal tubular cells. (pharmacy180.com)
  • The most widely used renal epithelial cell lines of animal origin are the LLC-PK1 (Hampshire pig) and OK (American opossum) cell lines, exhibiting characteristics suggestive of proxi-mal tubular origin, and the MDCK (Cocker Spaniel) cell line, exhibiting characteristics suggestive of distal origin. (pharmacy180.com)
  • TIPARP is downregulated in GETV-infected Vero cells, and its overexpression significantly inhibits GETV replication, while TIPARP deficiency results in significantly increased viral titers. (bvsalud.org)
  • The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of EP as a treatment for PDCoV in vivo and elucidate the possible mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Progressive transformation of the HIV-1 reservoir cell profile over two decades of antiviral therapy. (harvard.edu)
  • Phosphorylation events and the modulation of aquaporin 2 cell surface expression. (massgeneral.org)
  • PubMed]Kawano Y, Fukata Y, Oshiro D, Amano Meters, Nakamura Testosterone levels, Ito Meters, Matsumura Y, Inagaki Meters, Kaibuchi T. Phosphorylation of myosin-binding subunit (MBS) of myosin phosphatase by Rho-kinase in vivo. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • We plan to develop modified cell lines and mouse models using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. (fapesp.br)
  • Several permanent and immortalised cell lines of human and non-human origin are available, offer-ing several advantages over primary cultures such as an unlimited life span and the lack of time-consuming isolation procedures. (pharmacy180.com)
  • Each of the cell lines had been derived from Japanese sufferers. (wee1signaling.com)
  • The initially established six CC cell lines, HuCCT1 and MKN45 were maintained in RPMI with ten bovine serum. (wee1signaling.com)
  • Herein, we tested the hypothesis that CTS signaling through Na + /K + -ATPase α-1 (NKA α-1) enhances immune cell recruitment and adhesion to renal epithelium that ultimately advance renal inflammation. (mcw.edu)
  • Preincubation of LLC-PK1 cells with 0.5-5 microM SFN by 24 h was able to prevent, in a concentration-dependent way, CDDP-induced cell death. (weeksmd.com)
  • At higher doses, cells undergo mitochondrial destabilization due to calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, and die. (hindawi.com)
  • Inhibition by berberine of cyclooxygenase-2 transcriptional activity in human colon cancer cells. (ppt-health.com)
  • Live Cell FRET Analysis of the Conformational Changes of Human P-glycoprotein. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
  • In vivo FRET analyses reveal a role of ATP hydrolysis-associated conformational changes in human P-glycoprotein. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
  • In the in vivo studies, CDDP was given to Wistar rats as a sole i.p. injection at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg. (weeksmd.com)
  • Unlike classical neurotransmitters, eCBs are not stored in vesicles, and the mechanism of their release from cells is not yet clear. (degruyter.com)
  • Dynamic SPECT acquisition showed that 833c rapidly and specifically targeted the lungs in vivo, reaching maximum levels within 2 min after intravenous injection. (braf-signal.com)
  • Surface Surface CD95 and CD95 reduced levels conjunction with caspase-8 and CD95 removable FADD expression or cell death sorafenib / vorinostat. (syksignaling.com)
  • When responding to viral infection, the CD4 + T cells mainly have a Th1-type phenotype expressing T-bet and produce large amounts of IFNγ [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These cells contain stacks of structures called sarcomeres that enable the cells to contract and generate the force required for movement. (elifesciences.org)
  • Frequently, low doses of natural chemical products activate an adaptive stress response, whereas high doses activate acute responses like autophagy and cell death. (hindawi.com)
  • Herein, we address the complex crosstalk that involves mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial destabilization accompanied by mitophagy, and cell death. (hindawi.com)
  • Inhibition of Ced-3/ICE-related Acacetin IC50 proteases does not prevent cell death induced by oncogenes, DNA damage, or the Bcl-2 homologue Bak. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • CRISPR screens identify novel regulators of cFLIP dependency and ligand-independent, TRAIL-R1-mediated cell death. (harvard.edu)
  • MKN45 was a gastric cancer cell line that was made use of as a good manage, as a result of its high expression of c Met and phospho Met. (wee1signaling.com)
  • The name of the source typically refers to the cell line or animal number for biological specimens. (nih.gov)
  • Cell cycle examination Subconfluent cells were harvested and washed in 16phosphate buffered saline, subsequently fixed in icecold 75 ethanol and stained with propidium iodide. (wee1signaling.com)
  • Its cellular localization is associated with the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
  • We hypothesize that hepatic transporters present in hepatocytes, but not in microsomes, are often the missing link explaining such discrepancies between microsome data and in vivo profiles. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Therefore, the next challenge is to understand how other processes-such as the selective stabilisation of some microtubules and the movement of cell materials along the microtubules-cooperate to control muscle fibre formation. (elifesciences.org)
  • c-FLIP increased Zellmotilit ht t r A further the importance of c-FLIP is its involvement in motility of cancer cells obtained ht. (syksignaling.com)
  • Intensities of c Met immunoreactivity had been defined as: 0, total absence of membrane staining or membrane staining in under 30 of cancer cells, 1t, faint and partial membrane staining in not less than 30 of cancer cells, 2t, robust and finish staining in at least 30 of cancer cells. (wee1signaling.com)
  • Furthermore, the knock-down of S100A11 via siRNA reduces the sister-chromatid exchange and the viability of cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • S100A11 is able to control reorganization of actin and it is important in forming protrusion by metastatic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The dephosphorylation activity of Rabbit Polyclonal to HUNK myosin phosphatase immunoprecipitated from the apoptotic cells was lower than that from the nonapoptotic control cells. (opioid-receptors.com)