Vivo immune cell apoptosis cytokine induced killer cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

These cytokines strongly stimulate the proliferation and maturation into CIK cells. (wikipedia.org)
However, as tumors progress, cancerous cells develop immunosuppressive mechanisms that circumvent NK cell-mediated killing, allowing for tumor escape and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
Sphingolipids are an extensive class of lipids with different functions in the cell, ranging from proliferation to cell death. (frontiersin.org)
TGF inhibits NK cell proliferation and maturation400. (pkcinhibitor.com)
TGF general has a suppressive impact on T cells, considering the fact that knockout of TGFR-II in T cells results in enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and inflammation77,80. (pkcinhibitor.com)
For example, conditioned medium from cervical cancer cell lines decreases lymphocyte proliferation and causes apoptosis in CD4+ cells inside a TGF- dependent manner in vitro404. (pkcinhibitor.com)
Angiogenesis starts from local destruction of the wall of preexisting blood vessel, activation of endothelial cell proliferation, and migration. (samploon.com)
On the other hand, the proliferation of oncolytic viruses into target cells and subsequent recognition of viral elements by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll-like receptors can positively affect the development of the innate and adaptive immune responses against tumor cells (Fig. 1 ) [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcription of MICA and MICB offers been shown to become inducible by warmth shock, oxidative tension or cell proliferation (8C10), whereas ULBP1-3 manifestation could be suppressed by histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in epithelial tumor cells (11). (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
Changes in migration, adhesion, proliferation and the apoptosis rate of EPCs were detected. (biomedcentral.com)
Its expression induces the migration and proliferation of keratinocytes by activating the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), STAT1 / STAT3). (peptidesforresearch.com)
17 Furthermore, it has been reported that LL-37 can induce angiogenesis, as demonstrated in an in vitro and in vivo model, by activating the FPRL1 receptor expressed in endothelial cells, resulting in more significant proliferation and formation of similar structures to the blood vessels. (peptidesforresearch.com)
These cells, described as macrophages or immature dendritic cells, deplete arginine and impair T cell proliferation and cytokine production. (aacrjournals.org)
Although arginase activity has been described in cancer patients, it is thought to originate from tumor cells metabolizing arginine to ornithine needed to sustain rapid cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Furthermore, the proliferation of Th17 cells and Th17‑associated cytokines, including interleukin (IL)17, IL23 and RAR‑related orphan receptor γt, was analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (spandidos-publications.com)
Scientists have discovered that fucoidans are a source of necessary components of cell-surface molecules that facilitate cell-to-cell signaling, the core regulatory process responsible for everything from immunity and cardiovascular function to healthy cellular proliferation. (lifeextension.com)
Its roles include regulation of proliferation, promotion of immune system and activation of apoptosis in B cells. (intechopen.com)
In these cells, IL-21 does not promote proliferation but enhances apoptosis and chemotaxis. (intechopen.com)
They reported that antigen specific proliferation of T cells and cytotoxicity of HLA-A1 antigen specific CTL line were only inhibited by CP and MTX among all the tested drugs. (bestpfe.com)
Interestingly, they found that DEX, MPA, CsA, FK506 and RAP only prevented activation of naive T cells, but did not block proliferation of activated T cells nor decrease cytotoxic capacity of CTL lines. (bestpfe.com)
Indeed, MSCs ex vivo pre-conditioning by hypoxia, inflammatory stimulus, or other factors/conditions may stimulate their survival, proliferation, migration, exosome secretion, and pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory characteristics in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of KDM1B inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. (cancerindex.org)
Each category of histiocytosis can be traced to reactive or neoplastic proliferation in one of these cell lineages. (medscape.com)

A new subclass of NK cells have been created both in vitro and in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
Indeed, the engagement of CD16a on CD3+CD56+ cells led to a potent antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) both in vitro and in vivo against ovarian cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Sphingolipid-targeting drugs have been tested alone or in combination with chemotherapy, exhibiting antitumor activity alone and in synergism with chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
Inhibition of PRL-3 can stop the migration and invasion of metastatic cancers cells both in vitro and in vivo (27, 28). (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
[iv] In both in vitro and in vivo studies, results showed that mice with induced testicular cancer treated with the Cordyceps sinensis mushroom had significantly smaller and fewer tumors than the control group. (greenmedinfo.com)
12,13 Likewise, another report describes that HBD-3 shows anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting TLR signaling pathways in immune cells, suggesting its possible participation in the resolution of the inflammatory process in the early stages of healing. (peptidesforresearch.com)
Previous studies have proven that rodent and human MSCs can differentiate into HLCs in vitro and in vivo , which is one of the mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of liver failure. (springer.com)
In pomalidomide and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel group, gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel-induced NF-κB activation was inhibited and apoptosis was enhanced in comparison with those in the other groups both in vitro and in vivo . (oncotarget.com)
Collectively, these in vitro and in vivo models were used to characterize the development of innate and adaptive antimyeloma immunity following reovirus treatment. (bmj.com)
NK activation was evaluated, and its tumoricidal activity was assessed using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. (weeksmd.com)
In addition, NK cells stimulated with lunasin plus cytokines displayed higher tumoricidal activity than those stimulated with cytokines alone using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. (weeksmd.com)

Changes of leukocytes are regularly accompanied by an exercise-induced increase of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In NK cells, inflammatory cytokines like IL12 and IL18 can inhibit TGFR-II and SMAD expression401. (pkcinhibitor.com)
inflammatory cytokines, thus participating in host defenses through a variety of mechanisms. (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
Aug 15, 2008 · Phagocytes are also important sources of pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines, thus participating in host defenses through a variety of mechanisms . (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
Sickness behavior is a behavioral complex induced by infections and immune trauma and mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
This Figure shows the theory that acute triggers cause inflammation and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs), which is associated with the onset of sickness behavior and clinical depression. (biomedcentral.com)
The mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines was enhanced. (biomedcentral.com)
The suppressive effects of MSC-derived exosomes and the MSCs in this injury model were evaluated by the level of plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), histopathological examinations, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and the population alteration of regulatory T cells (Treg) among non-parenchymal liver cells (NPCs). (biomedcentral.com)

This is of particular importance as harmful cells that are missing MHC markers cannot be tracked and attacked by other immune cells, such as T-lymphocytes. (wikipedia.org)
It has been shown that lymphocytes, when exposed to interferon-gamma, anti-CD3 antibody, interleukin-1 and interleukin 2, are capable of lysing fresh, non-cultured cancer cells, both primary and metastatic. (wikipedia.org)
First described in 1975, NK cells were initially identified as a distinct sub-population of lymphocytes by their capacity to spontaneously lyse tumor cells ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Upon the stage of tumorigenesis, down-regulation of the major histocompatibility complex class-I (MHC-I) molecules and also the overexpression of the stress-induced ligands on the surface of malignant cells to avoid recognition by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), make them more sensitive to NK cell-mediated death. (biomedcentral.com)
It is found in the secondary granules of neutrophils and macrophages, and it is secreted by epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, T lymphocytes, and mast cells when in contact with PAMPs. (peptidesforresearch.com)
Lymphocytes, in particular, undergo massive and infection, potentially improving outcomes for patients in a apparently unregulated apoptosis in human patients and variety of disease states. (cdc.gov)
Extensive lymphocyte severe infections is a massive loss of lymphocytes, den- apoptosis has also occurred in humans and animals infect- dritic cells, gastrointestial epithelial cells, and other cell ed with several exotic agents, including Bacillus anthracis , types through apoptosis, or programmed cell death. (cdc.gov)
These findings suggest that inter- the apoptotic destruction of lymphocytes and dendritic ventions aimed at reducing the extent of immune cell apop- tosis could improve outcomes for a variety of severe cells could have a particularly adverse effect on disease human infections, including those caused by emerging outcome. (cdc.gov)
To investigate whether carbamate pesticides also induce apoptosis in human T lymphocytes, in the present study Jurkat human T cells were treated in vitro with thiram, maneb, carbaryl or ziram. (researchgate.net)
type IV-B results from the direct killing of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (mcgill.ca)
NK1.1 (Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B, member 1, KLRB1, NKR-P1A, CD161, cluster of differentiation 161), refers to Natural Killer (NK) cells, lymphocytes that mediate cytotoxicity and secrete cytokines after immune stimulation. (thermofisher.com)
MM cells co-cultured with BM stromal cells displayed resistance to reovirus-induced oncolysis and bystander cytokine-killing but remained susceptible to killing by reovirus-activated NK cells and MM-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (bmj.com)
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
The importance of dendritic cells in presenting antigens to T and B lymphocytes is increasingly recognized. (medscape.com)
[ 13 ] Dendritic cells are also efficient stimulators of B-cell lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
Effective induction of antigen-specific T-cell responses requires interaction between the dendritic cells and T lymphocytes to prime the latter cells for expansion and subsequent immune responses. (medscape.com)
The first signal may involve interaction between an MHC I-bound and/or MHC II-bound peptide on an APC with the T-cell receptor (TCRs) on the effector lymphocytes. (medscape.com)

However, recent successful preclinical and clinical trials have advocated for the significance of B cell-dependent immunopathogenic responses and has led to the development of novel biologicals that target specific B cell phenotypes. (medsci.org)
NK cells are now accepted to play an important role in both the adaptive and innate immune responses that govern infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunosurveillance ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
The results of the current study indicate that Tr14 seems to limit exercise-induced muscle damage most likely via attenuation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
IFN-I have potent direct antiviral activities, also mediate a multiplicity of immunoregulatory functions, which can either promote or dampen antiviral adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
Furthermore, network analysis revealed significant DEGs such as ITGAM and STAT1 , which may be necessary for T2DM-TB immune responses. (springeropen.com)
It has been identified that an altered metabolic environment compromises the host immune responses and produces changes that allow infection and facilitate disease progression of TB at the onset of the pre-diabetes stage. (springeropen.com)
Cellular immunity: TGF also has effects around the cellular immune responses. (pkcinhibitor.com)
TGF inhibits NK cells, promotes formation of tolerogenic DCs, inhibits antiviral T cell responses, and drives improvement of anti-tumor Tregs77,94. (pkcinhibitor.com)
In order to study the possible role over Ficoll-Hypaque (density 1.077 production, and are the key players in that NK cells might play in the patho- g/L) (Amersham Biosciences) and immune responses to viruses [7]. (who.int)
In this case, the stimulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent immunogenic cell death (ICD) process in OVs-infected cells elicit a range of anti-tumor immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
This process is achieved by a collection of reactions and responses made by the body to damage these infected cells. (benitonovas.com)
It is also called immune responses. (benitonovas.com)
It provides normal immune responses to infection and tissue injury. (peptidesforresearch.com)
By impairing the develop- with specific inhibitors, markedly improves survival in ment of adaptive immune responses needed for recovery, murine sepsis models. (cdc.gov)
Undaria extracts stimulate beneficial immune responses while suppressing those that could lead to tissue damage. (lifeextension.com)
Additionally, the 5TGM1-Kalw/RijHSD immunocompetent in vivo model was used to examine reovirus efficacy and characterize reovirus-induced immune responses in the BM and spleen following intravenous administration. (bmj.com)
Conclusion These data highlight the importance of reovirus-induced immunotherapy for targeting MM cells within the BM niche and suggest that combination with agents which boost antitumor immune responses should be a priority. (bmj.com)
Lunasin represents a different class of immune modulating agent that may augment the therapeutic responses mediated by cytokine-based immunotherapy. (weeksmd.com)
Although the development of cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, which suppress interleukin (IL)-2 expression and T cell-mediated immune responses, was a breakthrough, their adverse effects are still a major problem in the long-term follow-up of transplant recipients. (biomedcentral.com)
Also, they secret a diversity of mediators, which are complicated in moderation of deregulated immune responses, and yielding angiogenesis in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the several factors involved, in addition to increased frailty and high-risk conditions, the age-associated decrease in cellular and humoral immune responses plays a relevant role. (biomedcentral.com)
Several studies have allowed the identification of B cell intrinsic defects accounting for sub-optimal antibody responses of elderly individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
These defects include 1) reduced class switch recombination, responsible for the generation of a secondary response of class switched antibodies, 2) reduced de novo somatic hypermutation of the antibody variable region, 3) reduced binding and neutralization capacity, as well as binding specificity, of the secreted antibodies, 4) increased epigenetic modifications that are associated with lower antibody responses, 5) increased frequencies of inflammatory B cell subsets, and 6) shorter telomeres. (biomedcentral.com)
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected to examine airway remodeling, inflammation, mucous production, cellular influx, and cytokine responses at 1 day and 21 days post final exposure. (cdc.gov)
DISCUSSION: C. neoformans remained in the lungs and exacerbated the pulmonary immune responses as expected following repeated exposure. (cdc.gov)
Because alcohol blocks airway epithelial cell release of IL-6 in vitro , we hypothesized that alcohol exposure would alter mouse lung inflammatory responses to HDE. (cdc.gov)
A few of these inflammatory responses, such as inflammatory cell recruitment, can be modulated by alcohol exposure [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. (cdc.gov)

The antigen-specific mAb favored tumor and metastasis tissue infiltration by CIK cells, and led to an enrichment of the CD16a+ subset. (wikipedia.org)
NK cell infiltration into tumor tissue is associated with better disease prognosis in colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung carcinomas ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
Mechanistically, endogenous glucocorticoids produced shortly after infection induced selective and tissue-specific expression of the checkpoint receptor PD-1 on NK cells. (nature.com)
Thus, the fine tuning of NK cell functions by the HPA axis preserved tissue integrity without impairing pathogen elimination, which reveals a novel aspect of neuroimmune regulation. (nature.com)
Tissue regeneration approach using stem cells in different clinical settings is a medical sensation now-a-days. (samploon.com)
Human endometrial tissue composed of epithelial stem cells (0.22%), mesenchymal stem cells (1.25%) and side population stem cells. (samploon.com)
The inflammatory response is the coordinate activation of signaling pathways that regulate inflammatory mediator levels in resident tissue cells and inflammatory . (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
For example, excessive inhibition by which tissue remodeling takes place during normal of apoptosis is an underlying mechanism of cancer, while growth and development and the physiologic mechanism an inappropriate increase is seen in some neurodegenera- by which labile cell populations such as gastrointestinal tive diseases and other conditions. (cdc.gov)
Sickness behavior is a behavioral complex that is typically induced by acute infections and tissue injury in many mammalian species. (biomedcentral.com)
The prevalence of Th17 cells and their receptors in patients with LSCC was studied using immunohistochemical analysis via tissue microarray technology. (spandidos-publications.com)
Hypersensitivity is synonymous with immune-mediated tissue injury. (mcgill.ca)
Type II, or "cytotoxic" hypersensitivity, results from the binding of IgG or IgM antibodies to cell membranes or fixed tissue antigens, causing activation of the complement system. (mcgill.ca)
Also, following transplantation and migration to target tissue, they encounter a harsh milieu accompanied by death signals because of the lack of proper tensegrity structure between the cells and matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
However, natural MSCs in vivo survival and their biological effects on tissue recovery decrease with long-term cultivation called aging and also injected cells demonstrate poor targeted migration [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
HDE-induced lung inflammatory aggregates clearly present in the tissue from HDE only exposed animals were not visually detectable in the HDE/alcohol co-exposure group. (cdc.gov)

However, CD56 dim NK cells can produce cytokines, specifically IFN-γ, after cell triggering via NKp46 of NKp30 activating receptors or after stimulation with combinations of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-15 ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Stimulation of NK cells with pI:C and pI:C+DEP, but not DEP alone, increased the release of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IFN-γ and TNF-α. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune stimulation by fucoidans enhances activity of both the cellular and the antibody-based components of the immune system, boosting protection not only against bacteria and viruses, but also against many nascent cancers. (lifeextension.com)
Stimulation of cells by anti-receptor autoantibodies (such as the anti-TSH receptor antibodies of Graves' disease) has been designated as type V hypersensitivity by some authors. (mcgill.ca)
Andersson et al tested the effects of FK506 and CsA on cytokine production of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore (ionomycin) [131]. (bestpfe.com)
Inflammaging is driven by several factors, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter regions of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes, chronic stimulation of immune cells with pathogens, changes in the composition of the gut microbiota, and cellular senescence [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Binding of this protein to CXCR3 results in pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of monocytes, natural killer and T-cell migration, and modulation of adhesion molecule expression. (cancerindex.org)

Both neutrophils and macrophages are involved in the release of cytokines such as IL-1, TNF- α , and IL-6 [ 3 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Thus, the macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells lose functioning and exhibit altered chemotaxis, phagocytosis and killing efficiency in T2DM patients [ 7 ]. (springeropen.com)
Cell separation studies showed that the increased arginase activity was limited to a specific subset of CD11b+, CD14−, CD15+ cells with a polymorphonuclear granulocyte morphology and markers, instead of macrophages or dendritic cells described in mouse models. (aacrjournals.org)
Histiocytoses encompass a group of diverse proliferative disorders characterized by the accumulation and infiltration of variable numbers of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the affected tissues. (medscape.com)
To identify cell surface proteins on leukemia cells that inhibit Natural killer cells ( Aim 1a ) or macrophages ( Aim 1b ) using CRISPR screens. (lu.se)

They are generated by ex vivo incubation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or cord blood mononuclear cells with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), anti-CD3 antibody, recombinant human interleukin (IL)-1 and recombinant human interleukin (IL)-2. (wikipedia.org)
Extracted cells are ex-vivo exposed to interferon-gamma, anti-CD3 antibody, interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 in a time-sensitive schedule. (wikipedia.org)
Interleukin (IL)17-producing Th17 cells, which are different from Th1 and Th2 cells, have been described as serving critical roles in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, as well as in cancer development ( 8 - 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is produced by activated T cells and it plays many diverse roles by regulating the functions of normal and abnormal cells. (intechopen.com)
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) was first identified in 2000 through screening of a cDNA library from CD3+ human T cells [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Previously, we have shown in a mouse model that exposure to hog dust extract (HDE) collected from a CAFO results in the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), elevated lavage fluid cytokines/chemokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the development of significant lung pathology. (cdc.gov)
Additionally, alcohol inhibits the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), via the p38 ERK1/2 MAPK pathway [ 9 ]. (cdc.gov)

Data highlight the potentiality of this novel immunotherapy strategy where a nonspecific cytotoxic cell population can be converted into tumor-specific effectors with clinical-grade antibodies, thus providing not only a therapeutic option for TNBC but also a valid alternative to more complex approaches based on chimeric antigen receptor-engineered cells. (wikipedia.org)
In this context, a new molecule, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), has emerged as a positive regulator of B cell survival and differentiation functioning through various signaling pathways and potentiating the activity of various receptor complexes through pleiotropic means. (medsci.org)
Here we found that the regulation of natural killer (NK) cell function by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was required for host survival after infection with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV). (nature.com)
The functional enrichment and gene interaction network analysis emphasized the importance of cytokine/chemokine signalling, T cell receptor signalling route, NF-kappa B signalling pathway and Jak-STAT signalling system. (springeropen.com)
Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)
NKG2D is an activating NK cell surface receptor that recognizes ligands, such as MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence (MIC) A and B and UL16-binding proteins (ULPBs), displayed on the surfaces of stressed cells, thereby preventing non-specific killing by bringing NK cells into close proximity with their targets [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
EnSCs synthesize and discharge several growth factors including transforming growth factor-α (TGFα), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). IGF-I, TGFα, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet derived growth factor-β (PDGFβ) receptor expression in epithelial cells are upregulated during expeditious growth in the proliferative stage. (samploon.com)
Chemerin is an adipocytokine involved in the recruitment of immune cells [ 11 ] and serves as a bridge between various immune cells from the initial stage of inflammatory diseases through the development process [ 12 ], and its receptor CMKLR1 (also named ChemR23 in humans) is a specific functional member of the G protein receptor family. (biomedcentral.com)
These patients had a markedly decreased cytokine production and expressed low levels of T cell receptor CD3ζ chain. (aacrjournals.org)
IL-21R is a type-1 cytokine receptor and belongs to the IL-2R and IL-15R family. (intechopen.com)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)

LAMP1 + TRAIL + astrocytes limit inflammation in the CNS by inducing T cell apoptosis through TRAIL-DR5 signalling. (nature.com)
TRAIL expression in astrocytes is repressed by molecules produced by T cells and microglia in the context of inflammation. (nature.com)
Altogether, we show that LAMP1 + TRAIL + astrocytes limit CNS inflammation by inducing T cell apoptosis, and that this astrocyte subset is maintained by meningeal IFNγ + NK cells that are licensed by the microbiome. (nature.com)
However, vitamin D deficiency has been reported in several chronic conditions associated with increased inflammation and deregulation of the immune system, such as diabetes, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. (mdpi.com)
These include bacterial products, host cytokines, oxygen availability, and sun exposure from the activation of CAP-18 gene expression by vitamin D. At infection sites, the function of LL-37 is by charge-driven interactions with DNA and F-actin released from dead neutrophils and other cell lyses due to inflammation. (peptidesforresearch.com)
For example B-cells create antibodies, 'natural killer cells' kill tumours or cells infected with viruses, and basophils release histamine and chemicals that cause inflammation. (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
Previous studies have confirmed that tumor immune inflammation is important in the tumor microenvironment ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
22,23 This is largely the result of their immune-modulating capabilities: they simultaneously downregulate inflammation while boosting appropriate recognition and destruction of invaders. (lifeextension.com)
This is in large part due to inflammaging, the chronic low-grade inflammatory status of the elderly, associated with intrinsic inflammation of the immune cells and decreased immune function. (biomedcentral.com)

Especially, this study revealed for the first time that pomalidomide enhances p53 on pancreatic cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)

Similarly, LL-37 plays a key role in recovery, contributing to cell re-epithelialization and the secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, and IP-10) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-3a, and RANTES) that allow the arrival of immune cells to the injury site, thus avoiding the formation of bacterial biofilms in the injured skin. (peptidesforresearch.com)
Furthermore, IL-21 promotes differential expression of many cytokines including interleukins and chemokines. (intechopen.com)

Therapeutic intervention aims to reverse tumor-induced NK cell suppression and sustain NK cells' tumorlytic capacities. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review tumor-NK cell interactions, discuss the mechanisms by which NK cells generate an antitumor immune response, and discuss NK cell-based therapeutic strategies targeting activating, inhibitory, and co-stimulatory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
Virus-based immunostimulatory cytokine and chemokine expression can recruit and activate T cells, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and natural killer (NK) cells, and subsequently, improve the therapeutic activity of OVs. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer therapies involving the immune system is believed to be a milestone for cancer treatment advances, and the development of multiple immune cells as a therapeutic tool. (benitonovas.com)
Natural killer cells have emerged as the newest promising therapeutic approach to cancer. (benitonovas.com)
The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
However, the therapeutic efficacy is attenuated by the antitumor agent-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). (oncotarget.com)
The present study investigated the expression of T helper (Th)17 cytokines in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their clinical significance in providing new therapeutic insights. (spandidos-publications.com)
In conclusion, Th17 cells have a substantial impact on the carcinogenesis of LSCCs, and could serve as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the anti‑tumor response in these carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)
Immunostimulatory cytokines can enhance anti-tumor immunity and are part of the therapeutic armamentarium for cancer treatment. (weeksmd.com)
Recent advances in technology have made possible a broad approach to better understand the age-associated changes in immune cells, needed to design tailored vaccines and effective therapeutic strategies that will be able to improve the immune response of vulnerable individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
I will also provide in vivo proof of concept for a therapeutic effect by inhibiting the identified cell surface proteins in mouse models of leukemia. (lu.se)
To demonstrate proof of concept for a therapeutic effect by inhibiting the identified cell surface proteins in patient-derived xenograft models of leukemia. (lu.se)
Successful completion of these projects will identify new therapeutic targets in AML and expand our knowledge regarding how AML cells escape the immune system, findings that might be translated into new therapeutic opportunities in AML and possibly other cancer types. (lu.se)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cord blood mononuclear cells are extracted from either peripheral blood or cord blood, e.g. by simple blood draw. (wikipedia.org)
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 123 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, prior to treatment, were found to have a significantly increased arginase activity. (aacrjournals.org)
Flow cytometry was used to investigate the percentage of Th17 and Th1 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Methods This study used human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors and in vitro co-culture of MM cells and BM stromal cells to recapitulate the resistant BM niche. (bmj.com)
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors and post-transplant lymphoma patients were stimulated with or without lunasin in the presence of IL-12 or IL-2. (weeksmd.com)
Recovered peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are stimulated for 6 to 16 hours with a viral antigen [77, 113-116]. (bestpfe.com)

These NK cells are activated by these cytokines to stimulate an infection and induce an adaptive immune response. (wikipedia.org)
Fig. 3: Infection with MCMV induces glucocorticoid-dependent PD-1 expression in spleen NK cells. (nature.com)
Our results confirm a potential role of NK cells and the different subsets in the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection. (who.int)
et 20 témoins en bonne santé ne présentant pas d'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C. Une réduction importante de la fréquence des cellules tueuses naturelles totales dans le groupe des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique a été observée par rapport au groupe des témoins ( P = 0,001) ou au groupe des patients dont l'infection a connu une résolution spontanée ( P = 0,01). (who.int)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has impaired cellular immune response and circulating NK cells, NK subsets (in- the ability to establish chronic infection virus persistence [8]. (who.int)
The elimination or persistence (NKRs) and mediate functions of both cells and CD56+NT cells was charac- of the infection depends on a balance T cells and NK cells [13]. (who.int)
CXCR3 expression on the surface of NK cells promotes chemotaxis to sites of infection through the release of IP-10 by other cells including epithelial cells [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) specifically induce cancer cells death by infection of and spreading on tumor cells through different mechanisms such as direct lysis effect or adjacent cells fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
This stress condition can also lead to the attraction of immune cells, notably antigen presenting cells (APCs) (i.e. immature dendritic cells), natural killer cells (NK cells), and cytotoxic T-cells to the site of infection [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The human immune system helps to protect the body against illness and infection caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. (benitonovas.com)
To our knowledge, three investigators[76, 106-108] reported the treatment of post-HSCT CMV infection using adoptive transfer of fresh CMV-specific CD8+ T cells generated by an immunomagnetic strategy based on HLA-peptide multimers from HSCT donors or third-party haploidentical donors. (bestpfe.com)
In some viral infections, for example ADV infection, immune response is mainly supported by CD4+T cells [77, 111]. (bestpfe.com)
Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in the capacity of the immune system to fight influenza virus infection and to respond to vaccination. (biomedcentral.com)

CIK cells respond to these lymphokines, particularly IL-2, by lysing tumor cells that were already known to be resistant to NK cell or LAK cell activity. (wikipedia.org)
instead of targeting tumor cells, the goal of immunotherapy is to augment and expand the immune system's intrinsic antitumor response. (frontiersin.org)
The ability of OVs to selectively infect tumor cells is mainly associated with the disruption of type-I interferon pathway, which represents the first line of defense against viral infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Schematic illustration of the multimodality role of virotheranostics in treatment and tracking of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Many studies have suggested the fact that expression degree of NKG2DLs on tumor cells straight correlates with tumor susceptibility to NK cytolysis (2) and with cancers patient survival price (3). (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
Gene transcription, microRNA rules, and proteolytic cleavage from your cell membrane are some systems that may regulate NKG2DL manifestation on tumor cells (1). (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
Numerous metalloproteinase inhibitors have already been identified to stop the discharge of NKG2DLs from tumor cells (18, 19). (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
It was further demonstrated that Th17 cells could be induced and expanded in the tumor microenvironment through cytokines produced by the tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

Their two main functions are direct cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the release of cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)

NK cells were subsequently analyzed for changes in surface marker expression, cytokine production, gene expression changes, and cytotoxic function using flow cytometry, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on effector function, NK cells are divided into two major subsets: more cytotoxic NK cells (CD56 dim CD16 + ) and more cytokine-secreting NK cells (CD56 bright CD16 dim/- ) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One such peptide, Lunasin , has been shown to selectively act on newly transformed cells while having no cytotoxic effect on non-tumorigenic or established cancer cell lines. (weeksmd.com)
Strauss et al analyzed seven commonly used immunosuppressive drugs (dexamethasone (DEX), mycophenolic acid (MPA), FK506, CsA, rapamycin (RAP), methotrexate (MTX) and cyclophosphamide (CP)) for apoptosis-induction and effector function in human peripheral T cells and cytotoxic T cell lines (CTL) [133]. (bestpfe.com)
[ 15 ] The surface of the APC contains 2 peptide-binding proteins (ie, major histocompatability complex [MHC] classes I and II), which can stimulate cytotoxic T (T C ) cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and helper T (T H ) cells. (medscape.com)

One of these promising cancer treatment advances is the natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy. (benitonovas.com)
4 xCELLigence real-time cell analysis 6 Diverse cancer immunotherapy applications 6 How does the xCELLigence real-time cell analysis assay work? (technologynetworks.com)
Cancer immunotherapy consists of multiple approaches that harness and enhance the innate powers of the immune system to fight the disease. (technologynetworks.com)
However, to date, the role for reovirus-induced immunotherapy against MM, and the impact of the bone marrow (BM) niche, have not been reported. (bmj.com)
Next, we explored the potential for reovirus-induced immunotherapy using human co-culture models to mimic the myeloma-supportive BM niche. (bmj.com)
The Workshop associated with the 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), North Bethesda, MD, October 24-25, 2012 focused on targeting the tumor microenvironment as part of an integrative approach to immune-based cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
To support these efforts, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) held a workshop focused on targeting the tumor microenvironment as part of an integrative approach to immune-based cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Soypeptide lunasin in cytokine immunotherapy for lymphoma. (weeksmd.com)
With the goal of further improving cytokine-based immunotherapy, we examined the effects of a soybean peptide called lunasin that synergistically works with cytokines on natural killer (NK) cells. (weeksmd.com)

As a special feature, terminally differentiated CD3+CD56+ CIK cells possess the capacity for both MHC-restricted and MHC-unrestricted anti-tumor cytotoxicity. (wikipedia.org)
This unique combination of T-cell and NK-cell capabilities exerts a potent and widely MHC-unrestricted anti-tumor cytotoxicity against a broad range of cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
Up to now the exact mechanisms of tumor recognition and targeted cytotoxicity of CIK cells is not fully understood. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, a 11-year prospective cohort study of Japanese inhabitants linked low peripheral-blood NK cell cytotoxicity with increased cancer risk ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Similarly, cell-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly reduced by the addition of DEP. (biomedcentral.com)
Adding lunasin to IL-12- or IL-2-stimulated NK cells demonstrated synergistic effects in the induction of IFNG and GZMB involved in cytotoxicity. (weeksmd.com)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the professional producers of IFN-I in response to many viruses, including all of the herpesviruses tested. (mdpi.com)
Pluripotent stem cells can also be committed to produce dendritic cells. (medscape.com)
Dendritic cells appear to develop in several pathways. (medscape.com)
[ 11 ] Immature dendritic cells respond to GM-CSF (not to macrophage colony-stimulating factor [M-CSF]) and become committed to generating dendritic cells, which are "professional" antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (medscape.com)
Dendritic cells display a large amount of MHC-peptide complexes at their surface and can increase the expression of costimulatory receptors and migrate to the lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues, where they activate specific T cells. (medscape.com)

Considering these facts, it could be concluded that pro-inflammatory Th17 cells may have extensive effects on LSCC pathogenesis and anti-tumor response. (spandidos-publications.com)

Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 + T cells are essential organizers of cell-mediated immunity, participating in each stage of the immune response. (spandidos-publications.com)
Abbreviations used characterized by TH2 cytokine production and associated with AHR: Airway hyperreactivity allergen sensitization and adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.02.015 epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells. (cdc.gov)

Sphingolipids are remarkably diverse and have crucial roles in maintaining barrier function and fluidity, as well as regulating the cell cycle, cell motility, differentiation, adhesion, and apoptosis ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
TGF is important in the improvement, survival, and differentiation of some T cell lineages (reviewed in77,80). (pkcinhibitor.com)
Induced Tregs (iTreg) are generated in the periphery from na e CD4+ cells77, and as a result the TGF levels present in CIN and cervical cancers are probably to market Treg differentiation. (pkcinhibitor.com)
Especially Mesenchymal Stem cells have been focused in a plethora of preclinical and clinical experiments over the five decades due to extraordinary capacity in differentiation to multiple lineages, immunomodulation and angigenic properties. (samploon.com)
Monthly cyclical endometrial growth, differentiation, and regression are governed by a fine tuned inter play between ovarian sex steroid hormones and numerous cell types. (samploon.com)
Large body of data of experiment concludes that EMSCs have the ability to differentiation in multiple lineages such as osteoblast, cartilage, adipose, smooth muscle cell(1/18), hepatocytes, cardiomyocyte, neural cells. (samploon.com)
Different groups have established several protocols to induce the differentiation of MSCs into HLCs in vitro . (springer.com)
They also can inspire angiogenesis by direct differentiation, cell-to-cell interaction, or paracrine effects. (biomedcentral.com)
that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)

MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)
It has been confirmed that naïve (uncommitted) CD4 + T cells can be induced to different specific lineages according to the local cytokine, including towards T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Moreover, pomalidomide induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and suppressed angiogenesis. (oncotarget.com)

The defining functional feature of NK cells remains their intrinsic ability to conduct "natural killing" of cellular targets without prior sensitization. (frontiersin.org)
When this immune system is unable to recognize these cells as abnormal, cellular growth will occur, causing uncontrolled growth and division of cells, that will, in turn, lead to cancer. (benitonovas.com)
Although cancer treatment is dependent on the stage and type, we need a wide range of therapies that work on cellular level like NK cell and stem cell therapies, wide enough to cover the whole spectrum of cancer. (benitonovas.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
This review discusses the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoid compounds at molecular, cellular and whole animal levels, first by examining the evidence for anti-inflammatory effects of cannabinoids obtained using in vivo animal models of clinical neuroinflammatory conditions, specifically rodent models of multiple sclerosis, and second by describing the endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system components in immune cells. (420magazine.com)
Although there is no particular quantitative assay to provide MSCs identification in mixed cells population [ 8 ], the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) has provided minimum principles to determine MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood obtained from normal healthy volunteers and subsequently stimulated with the viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pI:C), DEP, or pI:C+DEP for 18 hours. (biomedcentral.com)
In a clinical study of asymptomatic children from 3 to 5 years old, treatment with beta glucans from reishi mushrooms showed increased immune system cells in the peripheral blood -- signaling a strong defense against childhood infections. (greenmedinfo.com)
ImmunoCult™-XF T Cell Expansion Medium is a serum-free and xeno-free medium optimized for the in vitro culture and expansion of human T cells isolated from peripheral blood. (stemcell.com)
T cells were isolated from human peripheral blood samples using the EasySep™ Human T Cell Isolation Kit (Catalog #17951), stimulated with ImmunoCult™ Human CD3/CD28/CD2 T Cell Activator (Catalog #10970), and cultured in ImmunoCult™-XF T Cell Expansion Medium supplemented with rhIL-2. (stemcell.com)
The results revealed that the prevalence of Th17 cells in patients with LSCC was elevated in their primary tumors, as well as in peripheral blood, compared with that in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present study revealed that patients with LSCC have elevated levels of Th17 cells in their primary tumors and peripheral blood compared with those in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)

Natural killer (NK) cells are an important lymphocyte population in the nasal mucosa and play important roles in linking the innate and the adaptive immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
Prevention of lymphocyte apoptosis, same process by which these cell populations are regulat- through either genetic modification of the host or treatment ed during normal health ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)

Conversely, IFN inhibits TGF-induced SMAD phosphorylation and nuclear localization by upregulating the inhibitory SMAD7399. (pkcinhibitor.com)

Normal histiocytes originate from pluripotent stem cells, which can be found in bone marrow. (medscape.com)

Other established methods, such as flow cytometry, can then provide extra data regarding immune cell phenotype, activation, and function. (technologynetworks.com)
Phenotypical change of non-parenchymal liver cells was also evaluated by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)

Typically, immune cells detect major histocompatibility complex (MHC) presented on infected cell surfaces, triggering cytokine release, causing lysis or apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)

mesenchymal stem cells are most commonly used because they are easy to obtain and present no ethical problems. (springer.com)
After that, Kaplan firstly proposes the term "mesenchymal stem cells," which are cells isolated from fully developed bone marrow (BM) that can usually differentiate into several types of mesenchymal origin cells [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In this chapter, we will focus on IL-21's biological effects and signaling pathways as well as discuss the potential implications and applications of IL-21 in leukemia cells. (intechopen.com)
The prevention of immune cell access into the tumor, the accumulation of inhibitory FoxP3 + regulatory T cells (Treg) and/or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), the activation of negative immunoregulatory pathways, and the dysregulation of effector T cells are all mechanisms by which tumors evade the host immune system. (biomedcentral.com)

The relationship between NKG2D and NKG2DLs sets off NK cell cytokine secretion and degranulation which induce apoptosis of focus on cells. (buyresearchchemicalss.net)
Type I hypersensitivity reactions result from IgE-dependent degranulation of mast cells or basophils. (mcgill.ca)

The mechanism of CIK cells is distinctive from that of natural killer cells or LAK cells because they can lyse cells that NK cells and LAK cells cannot. (wikipedia.org)
As a consequence of treatments, the most frequent mechanism of cell death is apoptosis, followed by autophagy. (frontiersin.org)
The underlying mechanism responsible for the effects of lunasin on NK cells is likely due to epigenetic modulation on target gene loci. (weeksmd.com)

There is compelling clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the recognition and eradication of tumors. (frontiersin.org)
The antitumor effect provided by natural killing has been observed in tumors of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic origins and reported in diverse in vivo models and clinical series ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
The present double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial intended to test whether ingestion of a natural combination medicine (Tr14 tablets) affects serum muscle damage and inflammatory immune response after downhill running. (hindawi.com)
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by rapid hepatocellular necrosis due to various acute injuries induced by hepatotoxic drugs, immune-mediated attack, or viral infections. (springer.com)
In modern clinical practices, the bioactive compounds derived from the extract of mushroom sporocarps or mycelium has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of various human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, immune system disorders and infections. (ijpsr.com)
Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)

Established tumors are complex, heterogeneous masses composed of malignant cells admixed with a variety of non-transformed host cells, including stromal cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)‐based therapy brings the reassuring capability to regenerative medicine through their self‐renewal and multilineage potency. (biomedcentral.com)

ABSTRACT Natural kil er (NK) cel s are key players in the immune response to viruses. (who.int)

These cells are subsequently processed using the Cytokine Capture System (CCS, Miltenyi Biotec) based on an IFN-γ immunomagnetic technology on the CliniMACS device (Miltenyi Biotec), as previously described [117, 118]. (bestpfe.com)

An important class of innate immune cells that play a critical role in mediating the antitumor immune response is the natural killer (NK) cell. (frontiersin.org)
The host antitumor immune response can sculpt tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in a variety of ways. (biomedcentral.com)

Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) cells are a group of immune effector cells featuring a mixed T- and natural killer (NK) cell-like phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
These NK cells referred to as cytokine induced memory-like natural killer cells are induced using cytokines, most commonly a mix of IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18. (wikipedia.org)
Several sources also call them natural killer cell-like T cells due to their close relationship to NK cells. (wikipedia.org)
In homeostatic conditions, the expression of TRAIL in astrocytes is driven by interferon-γ (IFNγ) produced by meningeal natural killer (NK) cells, in which IFNγ expression is modulated by the gut microbiome. (nature.com)
of various populations of NKR+ T cells whole blood were withdrawn from Natural killer (NK) cells are potent have been reported to be impaired in each participant on ethylenediamine- antiviral cells which eliminate the vi- chronic hepatitis C patients [16,21]. (who.int)
and natural killer (NK) cells. (123dok.net)
We previously found that ziram, a carbamate pesticide, significantly reduced perforin, granzyme A (GrA), granzyme B (GrB), granzyme 3/K (Gr3/K), and granulysin (GRN) levels in NK-92MI cells, a human natural killer (NK) cell line. (researchgate.net)
We previously found that carbamate pesticides induced significant apoptosis in human natural killer cells. (researchgate.net)
Description: The PK136 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse NK1.1, an antigen expressed by natural killer cells and a subset of T cells in the NK1.1 mouse strains including C57BL and NZB. (thermofisher.com)
This type of liver injury is mediated through activation of the adaptive immune system including natural killer and Kupffer cells, which is employed as a method to evaluate the induction liver tolerance [ 19 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, three of them had developed previous GVHD before infusion, the remaining one had received a natural killer cell transfusion and an unselected DLI at 21 and 8 days before CMV-VST infusion, respectively. (bestpfe.com)
NK: Natural killer including IL-5 and IL-13. (cdc.gov)
NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)

Others propose to classify CIK cells as subset of NKT cells. (wikipedia.org)
Multimers are most readily made with class I HLA and can only select CD8+ T cells but not CD4+ T-cell subset restricted by class II HLA [110]. (bestpfe.com)

An acute bout of physical exercise depending on duration and intensity is known to induce changes of the immune response of both the innate and the adaptive immune system. (hindawi.com)
In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that stem cells can effectively treat acute liver failure. (springer.com)
As traditional ex vivo expanded VSTs require a long generation time (between 10 days to 1 month), patients with acute viral reactions cannot receive VST unless they were prepared for each patient before HSCT, which is cost-intensive and time-consuming and is a brake to the diffusion of this technique. (bestpfe.com)
The major goals of my research are to identify how acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells suppress the innate immune system and use this knowledge to develop new immunotherapies. (lu.se)
To characterize the function and expression patterns of the identified cell surface proteins in acute myeloid leukemia cells from patients. (lu.se)

Cancer immunotherapies can be divided into four major categories: - Cytokines/immunomodulation agents - Monoclonal antibodies - Cell‑based therapies - Oncolytic viruses Though monoclonal antibodies currently represent the largest class of commercialized cancer immunotherapies, cell‑based therapies are rapidly making headway. (technologynetworks.com)

Different primitive and metastatic TNBC cancer mouse models were established in mice, and the treatment CIK cells plus cetuximab significantly restrained primitive tumor growth in mice, either in patient-derived tumor xenografts or MDA-MB-231 cell line models. (wikipedia.org)
This study aimed to explore the effects of chemerin on the functions of human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and to investigate its role in lipid accumulation in ApoE-knockout (ApoE−/−) mice. (biomedcentral.com)
ApoE−/− mice with high-fat diet-induced AS were treated with chemerin with or without SB 203580. (biomedcentral.com)
In a lung cancer-induced study of mice, treatment with reishi mushrooms inhibited cell viability and mobility of lung cancer cells in vitro. (greenmedinfo.com)
Reviewing in vivo and in vitro studies on mice and human cell lines using lion's mane (Hericium erinaceus) and tiger tail (Trametes versicolor) mushrooms, treatments showed immunomodulatory, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative effects. (greenmedinfo.com)
Myeloid suppressor cells with high arginase activity are found in tumors and spleen of mice with colon and lung cancer. (aacrjournals.org)

However, a class of important immune-modulators is conspicuously absent: agents that utilize the power of innate immune cells to eradicate tumors. (frontiersin.org)
4 How can the immune system be harnessed to target tumors? (technologynetworks.com)
Therefore, it is not surprising that physically preventing effector CD8 + T cell infiltration or inhibiting their activity once they gain access to the tumor might be a means by which tumors protect themselves from immune attack, enabling them to persist within the host. (biomedcentral.com)

If cocultured with target cells such as tumor targets, these NK cells have memory-like abilities and are more adapt and effective at mounting a defense. (wikipedia.org)
Type-I interferons (IFN-I) are cytokines essential for vertebrate antiviral defense, including against herpesviruses. (mdpi.com)

However, CIK cells have the ability to recognize infected or even malignant cells in the absence of antibodies and MHC, allowing for a fast and unbiased immune reaction. (wikipedia.org)

Hence the added benefits for the virus of low TGF in the epithelium (e.g. loss of development inhibition, reduced LC cells)Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptProg Mol Biol Transl Sci. (pkcinhibitor.com)
consequently, genes encoding some of these proteins are being used to design constructs for the inhibition of multiplying cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)

Compared with conventional cancer treatments, the main advantage of oncolytic virotherapy is its tumor-selective replication followed by the destruction of malignant cells without damaging healthy cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Many malignant cells release the NKG2D ligand ULBP2 off their cell surface area to evade immunosurveillance by organic killer cells and CD8 T cells. (buyresearchchemicalss.net)

The CD56 bright population produces immunoregulatory cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GMCSF), IL-10, and IL-13 ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

The presence of stem cells in the endometrium was first speculated by Prianishnikov in 1978. (samploon.com)
confirmed the presence of clonogenic stem cell in the endometrium. (samploon.com)
During menstruation, all these cells could be found as menstrual stem cells or endometrial regenerative cells (ERC). (samploon.com)
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and stem-cell factor (SCF) have the essential contribution in endometrial regeneration. (samploon.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes on an immune-induced liver injury model. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cell therapy has been the subject of many studies for its potential to cure many disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
Committed stem cells can mature to become antigen-processing cells, with some possessing phagocytic capabilities. (medscape.com)

However, we know less about the biological effects of IL-21 and its signaling mechanisms in leukemia cells and monocytes. (intechopen.com)

TGF also attenuates IFN, TNF, and GM-CSF production by NK cells and downregulates killer activating receptors69,94,40002. (pkcinhibitor.com)
The combination of lunasin and cytokines (IL-12 plus IL-2) was capable of restoring IFNÎ³ production by NK cells from post-transplant lymphoma patients. (weeksmd.com)

The goal of this study was to determine whether myeloid suppressor cells producing high arginase existed in renal cell carcinoma patients. (aacrjournals.org)

MSCs show a unique function to modulate immune reaction although the molecular mechanisms are still under investigation. (biomedcentral.com)
Accordingly, pre-conditioning of MSCs is strongly suggested to upgrade their performances in vivo, leading to more favored transplantation efficacy in regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)

During embryonic development mesodermal differentiate into endothelial cells, hemangioblast and hematopoietic progenitors give rise to blood vessel, the vasculogenesis. (samploon.com)
In tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-stimulated human aortic endothelial cells, beta-sitosterol was found to significantly inhibit vascular adhesion molecule 1 and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 expression. (drugs.com)

Endogenous biomolecules (such as lactate dehydrogenase) or previously added exogenous labels (such as the radioisotope 51Cr) that leak into the media are then measured as an indirect readout of the damage caused by effector cells. (technologynetworks.com)

In contrast, IFNγ-capture approach can select both CD4+ and CD8+ antigen-specific T cells in an HLA unrestricted manner. (bestpfe.com)
[ 12 ] These cells can capture antigen and migrate to lymphoid organs, where they present the antigens to naive T cells. (medscape.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms6

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes12

Humanities1

Information Science2

Proliferation23

Vitro and in vivo11

Inflammatory cytokines8

Lymphocytes17

Responses27

Tissue16

Stimulation7

Macrophages5

Interleukin7

Receptor11

Inflammation9

Pancreatic cancer cells1

Chemokines2

Therapeutic14

Mononuclear6

Infection13

Tumor cells8

Release of cytokines1

Cytotoxic5

Immunotherapy9

Cytotoxicity6

Dendritic cells5

Anti-tumor1

Immunity2

Epithelial1

Differentiation9

Lineages2

Angiogenesis1

Cellular6

Peripheral6

Lymphocyte2

Inhibits1

Pluripotent1

Flow cytometry2

Lysis1

Mesenchymal stem2

Pathways2

Degranulation2

Mechanism3

Clinical6

Stromal2

Abstract1

Subsequently1

Antitumor immune2

Natural killer13

Subset2

Acute5

Immunomodulation1

Mice6

Tumors3

Defense2

Antibodies1

Inhibition2

Malignant cells2

Immunoregulatory1

Stem7

Monocytes1

Production by NK cells2

Suppressor1

MSCs2

Endothelial2

Effector cells1

Antigen2