• Ghasemi-Mobarakeh L, Prabhakaran MP, Tian L, Shamirzaei-Jeshvaghani E, Dehghani L, Ramakrishna S. Structural properties of scaffolds: Crucial parameters towards stem cells differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
  • Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
  • New treatment strategies have pursued the idea of using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in combination with osteoinductive materials to guide differentiation of MSCs into bone cells ensuring complete bone regeneration. (nature.com)
  • This pure protein-based and chemically modifiable, fibrous ECM model allows the investigation of MSC behavior on biomimetic materials to unfold new vistas how to direct cells' differentiation for the development of new bone regenerating strategies. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, it is important to understand how MSC differentiation into bone cells is controlled and how this process can be guided or improved by externally added factors. (nature.com)
  • Interaction of MSCs with bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) in an alginate scaffold mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) in vivo enhances their differentiation into bone cells 9 . (nature.com)
  • Taken jointly, phage screen can identify nonobvious cell and materials particular peptides to improve individual MSC adhesion power to particular biomaterial areas and subsequently boost INCB8761 inhibitor cell proliferation and differentiation. (thetechnoant.info)
  • using transplanted cells would depend on developing a biomaterial carrier with surface area properties that increase cell connection and promote cell development, differentiation and development of useful extracellular matrix (ECM) (1,2). (thetechnoant.info)
  • For instance, functionalizing mineralized biomaterials with ECM protein increases cell connection, differentiation and proliferation, leading to elevated bone recovery (7C9). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Variability of peptide mediated cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation and cells regeneration can be linked to both the lack of appropriate presentation of the peptide to cells and the lack of peptide specificity to particular cell populations (13C15). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Material binding domains have been combined with BMP and VEGF derived peptides to increase adsorption to biomineral surfaces, which in turn can increase cell proliferation, differentiation and travel osteogenesis INCB8761 inhibitor (9,11,21,22). (thetechnoant.info)
  • However, the use of bFGF for human ES cell culture, particularly at the high levels used by some for 'feeder-free' culture, must be considered carefully, as bFGF may drive ES cells towards differentiation. (ddw-online.com)
  • The need to control differentiation of embryonic stem cells in vitro presents another set of challenges. (ddw-online.com)
  • The basic and common immunologic defect in common variable immunodeficiency is a failure of B-lymphocyte differentiation into plasma cells that produce the various immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes. (medscape.com)
  • These studies described failure of B-cell differentiation because of altered B-cell surface-molecule expression. (medscape.com)
  • Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)
  • Recent experimental advances in aptamer selection techniques both in-vivo (phage-display, cell-surface display) and in-vitro (messengerRNA display) have opened up new vistas for combining biological and traditional materials via controlled interactions at the biointerface. (cecam.org)
  • These approaches commonly use phage display, yeast surface display, or bacterial surface display to screen large libraries of antibodies 11-13 . (jove.com)
  • Like other cells, the endothelial cell possesses several features that supports a productive viral infection a cell including, cell surface receptors, immune responses, and other virulence factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Viral pathogens capitalize on cell surface receptors that are ubiquitous and can recognize many diverse ligands for attachment and ultimately, entry into the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell surface receptors provide a binding pocket for attachment and entry into the cell, and therefore, affects a cell's susceptibility to infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • The endothelium contains a myriad of cell surface receptors associated with functions such as immune cell adherence and trafficking, blood clotting, vasodilation, and barrier permeability. (wikipedia.org)
  • These toll-like receptors which can distinguish if there are viral nucleic acids in the host cell and likewise, will trigger an immune response to flag the cell and attempt to eliminate the pathogen. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell surface receptors associated with viral entry include ACE2 and co-receptor TMPRSS2. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cells sense their environment through the cell membrane receptors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Nanoclusters of receptors can be further organized hierarchically in the cell membrane at the meso- and micro-levels to exert different biological functions. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • However, agonist-dependent activation of cell surface receptors is sometimes required to promote interaction with a PDZ protein. (embl.de)
  • Surface display of IgG Fc on baculovirus vectors enhances binding to antigen-presenting cells and cell lines expressing Fc receptors. (igem.org)
  • 2007). Monoclonal T-Cell Receptors: New Reagents for Cancer Therapy. (igem.org)
  • Besides the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6), the increased expression of receptor repertoire (pattern recognition receptors, PRR) on APCs, mostly macrophages and dendritic cells, occurs as a result of the release of endogenous and exogenous antigens (damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). (hindawi.com)
  • Many ECM proteins possess multifunctional domains that work in conjunction with one another to present cell instructive sequences to cell surface receptors. (thetechnoant.info)
  • In addition to changing the structure of a peptide, a dual functioning peptide possessing a material adsorption component can control the display from the cell binding series to cell surface area receptors via both cell and materials binding domains (9,21). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Monocytes from COVID-19 patients display altered expression of cell surface receptors and a dysfunctional metabolic profile that distinguish them from healthy monocytes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Morphological and proliferative analyses, as well as immunophenotype characterization with monoclonal antibodies against CD117, CD34 and CD45 surface receptors were performed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Endothelial cell tropism or endotheliotropism is a type of tissue tropism or host tropism that characterizes an pathogen's ability to recognize and infect an endothelial cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Endothelial cells are found in various tissue types such as in the capillaries, veins, and arteries in the human body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem cells have attracted much interest in tissue engineering as a cell source due to their ability to proliferate in an undifferentiated state for prolonged time and capability of differentiating to different cell types after induction. (wjgnet.com)
  • Anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed the SF graft as a fully integrated component in the corneal tissue, displaying a similar corneal thickness and endothelial cell count when compared with its healthy contralateral cornea. (arvojournals.org)
  • MSCs have the ability to differentiate into adipocytes and chondrocytes forming fat tissue and cartilage as well as into bone cells - called osteocytes. (nature.com)
  • In vitro systems are often a combination of mimicking the tissue properties and modifying the biomaterial surfaces by coupling of specific factors. (nature.com)
  • The lung organoid is essentially a 3D tissue-engineered mini lung that accurately replicates the histological and functional aspects of the in vivo tissue. (stemcell.com)
  • In recent years, there has been significant progress in development of in vitro aggregates of tumor cells for use as models for in vivo tissue environments. (moleculardevices.com)
  • We are able to see cells in the center of the spheroid at this depth due to our specialized deep-tissue penetrating, confocal disk module. (moleculardevices.com)
  • If the cancer stem cell model is correct and if such cells retain the hallmarks of some tissue stem cells in being rare and entering the cell cycle infrequently, they could constitute a population that is intrinsically resistant to current therapies designed to kill cycling cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These brand-new peptides broaden biomaterial design technique for cell-based regeneration of bone tissue defects. (thetechnoant.info)
  • Peptides produced from the useful domains of ECM proteins can immediate stem and progenitor cells toward a bone tissue lineage (3,7,10,11). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic tissue that contributes to organ integrity and function, and its regulation of cell phenotype is a major aspect of cell biology. (atsjournals.org)
  • Epithelial tissue is one of the four major types of tissue found in animals, and is the only type of tissue that is able to form and maintain layers of cells that are just one cell thick. (elifesciences.org)
  • It is estimated that up to 90% of cancers in humans originate in epithelial tissue, and the cells within such tumors are known to survive and divide even when they are no longer attached to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Limitations in the usage of AAV in murine models include cell types that are refractory to transduction and difficulties achieving tissue-specificity. (nature.com)
  • Pulp cells cultures were established by two approaches: enzyme digestion (3 mg/mL type I colagenase and 4 mg/mL dispase), or culture of the tissue explants in cell culture dishes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dental pulp tissue engineering with stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we employed human primary tissue constructs emulative of the human airway or corneal surface, and we infected both with a panel of human- and avian-origin IAV, inclusive of H1 and H3 subtype human viruses and highly pathogenic H5 and H7 subtype viruses, which are associated with both respiratory disease and conjunctivitis following human infection. (cdc.gov)
  • While both cell types supported productive replication of all viruses, airway-derived tissue constructs elicited greater induction of genes associated with antiviral responses than did corneal-derived constructs. (cdc.gov)
  • of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)
  • A nanoscale modular design strategy was employed to synthesize six engineered, recombinant proteins intended to mimic aspects of the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, laminin, and elastin as well as the cell-cell adhesive protein neural cell adhesion molecule. (frontiersin.org)
  • Physical adsorption isotherms were experimentally determined for these engineered proteins, allowing for direct calculation of the available ligand density present on coated surfaces. (frontiersin.org)
  • The proteins are synthesized using recombinant, genetic engineering techniques, allowing for the creation of biocompatible polymers with nanoscale precision that impart highly specific protein functionalities. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Pleiner lab combines mechanistic cell biology, structural biochemistry and protein engineering to dissect the pathways and molecular machines that mature human membrane proteins to a fully functional state. (stanford.edu)
  • Here, we present a streamlined workflow for the rapid production of proteins or protein complexes using lentiviral transduction of human suspension cells, combined with highly specific nanobody-mediated purification and proteolytic elution. (stanford.edu)
  • Tail-anchored (TA) proteins play essential roles in mammalian cells, and their accurate localization is critical for proteostasis. (stanford.edu)
  • Background Galectin-9 is a member of the family of lectin proteins and crucially regulates human immune responses, particularly because of its ability to suppress the anticancer activities of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. (bmj.com)
  • Secreted galectin-9 pre-opsonised T cells and, following interaction with other immune checkpoint proteins, their activity was completely attenuated. (bmj.com)
  • As an example, we studied the cooperation of galectin-9 and V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) proteins in human cancer cells. (bmj.com)
  • The Tat pathway ensures that only soluble, well-folded proteins are transported out of the cytoplasm and displayed on the inner membrane, thereby eliminating poorly folded scFvs prior to interrogation for antigen-binding. (jove.com)
  • These methods are powerful and effective for identifying antibodies that bind to targets, yet they depend on the secretory pathway to transport proteins that will be displayed 14-16 . (jove.com)
  • The proteins then fold under oxidizing conditions and are displayed on the cell surface or packaged into phage particles to screen for binding affinity 17,18 . (jove.com)
  • Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing PDZ domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl.de)
  • 2009). Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Direct Delivery of Reprogramming Proteins. (igem.org)
  • There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
  • In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)
  • His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
  • In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)
  • Use of feeder layers requires two cell types to be maintained in parallel and introduces mouse proteins into the culture system. (ddw-online.com)
  • These vectors have a number of appealing features including the expression by using the machinery of the host cell instead of depending abilities to ef®ciently transduce cells in the central nervous system, on recombinant regulatory proteins. (lu.se)
  • The TNF-family member Receptor Activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) is known for its role in bone homeostasis and is increasingly recognized as a central player in immune regulation and epithelial cell activation. (cnrs.fr)
  • Recent advances in isolating epithelial progenitor cells and stromal cells, as well as defining niche factors important for lung development, have led to the establishment of an in vitro 3D lung culture system: pulmonary (lung) organoids. (stemcell.com)
  • Recent progress isolating lung epithelial progenitor and stromal cells, as well as defining stem cell niche factors that are important for lung development, has led to the establishment of an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture system: lung organoids 2 , also known as airway organoids or pulmonary organoids. (stemcell.com)
  • The lung is a complex organ composed of many types of epithelial cells, immune cells, endothelial cells and stromal cells. (stemcell.com)
  • The alveolar epithelium is lined with type I and II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). (stemcell.com)
  • 5 SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from the airway epithelial cells of patients with viral pneumonia in Wuhan. (medsci.org)
  • He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
  • This mechanism preserves the single-cell layer pattern throughout the body and prevents epithelial cells from growing in inappropriate locations. (elifesciences.org)
  • explored which genes enable epithelial cells from the human mammary gland to grow without being attached to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Normally, the PVRL4 gene is not active in breast epithelial cells, but its activity is detected in many breast, lung, and ovarian tumors. (elifesciences.org)
  • Endocytosis is a fundamental process involved in trafficking of various extracellular and transmembrane molecules from the cell surface to its interior. (mdpi.com)
  • Interaction with extracellular ligands induces receptor clustering at the nanoscale, assembly of the signaling complexes in the cytosol and activation of downstream signaling pathways, regulating cell response. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • It often has multiple types of cells mirroring their counterpart in the body along with constituents of native extracellular matrix (ECM) and is typically miniature or micro-scale in size. (stemcell.com)
  • We define a new method to prepare acellular lung matrix that can be used to study the impact of extracellular matrix on lung cell phenotype. (atsjournals.org)
  • During all stages of tumor progression, cancer cells are subjected to inappropriate extracellular matrix environments and must undergo adaptive changes in order to evade growth constraints associated with the loss of matrix attachment. (elifesciences.org)
  • A single-cell layer of epithelium is separated from the tissues beneath it by a supporting substance called the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Moreover, cancerous cells tend to cluster together when they are detached from the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Moreover, PVRL4 triggers a form of signaling between the cells called integrin β4 signaling that allows them to survive without being anchored to the extracellular matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • Alternatively, stem cell cultures can be grown on extracellular matrix extracts and supplemented with conditioned medium from mouse fibroblast cultures. (ddw-online.com)
  • In response to the virus production in the cell, the host cell can release a protein such as cytokine like interferon (IFN) that will signal for an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • TMPRSS2 is needed to cleave the spike protein for viral fusion to cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this work, we present a novel approach to fabricate such coatings, which specifically involves the use of surface-adsorbed, nanoscale-designed protein polymers to prepare reproducible, customized surfaces. (frontiersin.org)
  • As confirmation that ligand density in these engineered systems impacts neuronal cell behavior, we demonstrate that increasing the density of fibronectin-derived RGD ligands on coated surfaces while maintaining uniform protein surface coverage results in enhanced neurite extension of PC-12 cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Therefore, this engineered protein adsorption approach allows for the facile preparation of tunable, quantifiable, and reproducible surfaces for in vitro studies of cell-ligand interactions and for potential application as coatings on neural implants. (frontiersin.org)
  • The plasmid is then used to generate human suspension cell lines stably expressing the tagged fusion protein by lentiviral transduction. (stanford.edu)
  • We demonstrate the wide applicability of the method by purifying multiple challenging soluble and membrane protein complexes to high purity from human cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Using a cell apoptosis assay based on stimulation of a RANK:Fas fusion protein, and a cellular NF-kappaB signaling assay, we showed that R12-31 was agonist for both species. (cnrs.fr)
  • Our aims were to elucidate whether T cells can induce galectin-9 secretion in human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors and whether this soluble form displays higher systemic immunosuppressive activity compared with the cell surface-based protein. (bmj.com)
  • We provide a method to simultaneously screen a library of antibody fragments for binding affinity and cytoplasmic solubility by using the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation pathway, which has an inherent quality control mechanism for intracellular protein folding, to display the antibody fragments on the inner membrane. (jove.com)
  • Commonly used methods for the display and screening of recombinant antibody libraries do not incorporate intracellular protein folding quality control, and, thus, the antigen-binding capability and cytoplasmic folding and solubility of antibodies engineered using these methods often must be engineered separately. (jove.com)
  • They have the ability to modulate protein activity by binding to a target protein inside cells to prevent protein-protein interactions, disrupt protein-nucleic acid interactions, or prevent substrate access to enzymes 1-5 . (jove.com)
  • 1997). Degradation of Amyloid β-Protein by a Metalloprotease Secreted by Microglia and Other Neural and Non-neural Cells. (igem.org)
  • The engineered BV-2s will be equipped to locate the specific GBMs and label the targeted cells with a tat-GFP fusion protein. (igem.org)
  • In many epithelia, this protein is attached to the apical surface by a transmembrane domain. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • They found that the gene that codes for a protein called poliovirus receptor-like 4 (PVRL4) allows attachment-free cell growth and also makes cells cluster together once detached from the matrix. (elifesciences.org)
  • also showed that interactions between the PVRL4 in one cell and a related protein called PVRL1 in a neighboring cell were responsible for holding the cells together in clusters. (elifesciences.org)
  • The frameshift mutation results in the formation of a truncated protein which cannot fold properly, promoting aggregation, and subsequent deposition in tubular cells. (medscape.com)
  • 1991), none of the the structural details of the heterogeneous protein surface and experimental studies mentioned so far could provide un- takes into account a variety of short-range interactions, direct ambiguous information about oligomer structure. (lu.se)
  • In animals receiving excitotoxic lesions of the striatum we detected an eightfold increase of green ¯uorescent protein (GFP)-expressing cells. (lu.se)
  • Secondary pathogen sensing ex vivo leads to defects in pro-inflammatory cytokine and type-I IFN production in moderate COVID-19 cases, together with defects in glycolysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • While viral and bacterial infection studies in isolation using animal models are important for furthering our understanding of pathogen biology and for the development of improved therapeutics, it is also critical to extend our knowledge to pathogen coinfections in vivo, to more closely examine interkingdom dynamics that may contribute to overall disease outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • The major cell types of the large airway epithelium are goblet cells that produce and secrete mucus, ciliated cells that promote mucus motility through coordinated movement of their apical cilia, and basal cells that line the basement membrane and do not contact the apical surface of the epithelium. (stemcell.com)
  • Mucin 1 lies on the tubular cell apical surface and has a role in signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
  • The use of donor derived MSCs for triggering the bone regeneration in vivo is a promising tool for assisting the healing process. (nature.com)
  • and stem cell regeneration. (lu.se)
  • There are a multitude of endothelial cell features that influence cell tropism and ultimately, contribute to endothelial cell activation and dysfunction as well as the continuation of the virus life cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, the receptor density on the surface of the endothelial cell also affects how efficiently the virus enters the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • For instance, a lower cell surface receptor density may render an endothelial cell less susceptible for virus infection than an endothelial with a higher cell surface receptor density. (wikipedia.org)
  • Role of kinase-independent and -dependent functions of FAK in endothelial cell survival and barrier function during embryonic development. (tamu.edu)
  • Qdots are either used as active sensor elements in high-resolution cellular imaging, where the fluorescence properties of the qdots are changed upon reaction with the analyte, or in passive label probes where selective receptor molecules such as antibodies have been conjugated to the surface of the dots. (nanowerk.com)
  • Through gene knockout studies he has shown that these molecules act as a type of molecular "Teflon" to make cells more mobile and invasive and also facilitate chemotaxis. (ubc.ca)
  • The function of the drug is testified through its effects with the target molecules in vivo. (forextrading-madeeasy.com)
  • Adsorption--The adhesion in an extremely thin layer of molecules (as of gases, solutes, or liquids) to the surfaces of solid bodies or liquids with which they are in contact. (cdc.gov)
  • Results We discovered that T lymphocytes induce galectin-9 secretion in various types of human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors. (bmj.com)
  • Spheroids are believed to mimic tumor behavior more effectively than regular two dimensional (2D) cell cultures because, much like tumors, they contain both surface-exposed and deeply buried cells, proliferating and non-proliferating cells, and a hypoxic center with a well-oxygenated outer layer of cells. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Compared to 2D cell cultures, spheroids mimic solid tumors much more accurately. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Indeed, one critical question contemplated at the Workshop was whether tumors derive from organ stem cells that retain self-renewal properties but acquire epigenetic and genetic changes required for tumorigenicity or whether tumor stem cells are proliferative progenitors that acquire self-renewal capacity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In the cancer stem cell model of tumors, there is a small subset of cancer cells, the cancer stem cells, which constitute a reservoir of self-sustaining cells with the exclusive ability to self-renew and maintain the tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • If cancer stem cells are relatively refractory to therapies that have been developed to eradicate the rapidly dividing cells within the tumor that constitute the majority of the nonstem cell component of tumors, then they are unlikely to be curative and relapses would be expected. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, growth of orthotopically implanted tumors in vivo is inhibited by blocking PVRL4-driven cell-to-cell attachment with monoclonal antibodies, demonstrating a novel strategy for targeted therapy of cancer. (elifesciences.org)
  • This behavior is particularly evident in the cells that divide aggressively to form tumors that subsequently migrate and colonize other tissues around the body. (elifesciences.org)
  • used genetic techniques to silence PVRL4 in cells from breast tumors, they found that it reduced the formation of clusters by the cancer cells and also reduced their ability to grow in the absence of attachment. (elifesciences.org)
  • First described by Cooper and Travers in 1818, giant cell tumors (GCTs) of bone have been labeled the most challenging benign bone tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Distribution of giant cell tumors according to age and sex of patient. (medscape.com)
  • Flat tumors, termed en plaque, infiltrate the dura and grow as a thin carpet or sheet of tumor along the convexity dura, falx, or tentorium. (medscape.com)
  • In vitro methods, based on human primary cells, cell lines, and genetically modified reporter cell lines, have greatly expanded the scope of in vitro toxicology. (brill.com)
  • CD133+ hunting machines will be created by genetically engineering microglial cells (BV-2) with two constructs using mammalian expression vectors. (igem.org)
  • By two-photon imaging guided cell-attached recordings, we characterized visual response and receptive field (RF) properties of SOM neurons and parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory (PV) neurons genetically labeled in the mouse primary visual cortex. (jneurosci.org)
  • In the present study, we applied the targeted recording technique to more specific transgenic lines in which SOM and PV neurons are genetically labeled respectively, and extended our investigations to layer 4. (jneurosci.org)
  • The development of transgenic mouse models that express genes of interest in specific cell types has transformed our understanding of basic biology and disease. (nature.com)
  • To model the effect in vivo, the authors used a transgenic mouse which over-expressed UMOD leading to salt-sensitive hypertension and interstitial nephritis . (medscape.com)
  • Mechanochemical Principles of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Cells and Tissues. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Systems toxicology, therefore, aims at understanding and exploring the way that different biological components are orchestrated as an ensemble in cells, tissues, and organisms. (brill.com)
  • Spheroids are three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates that can mimic tissues and microtumors. (moleculardevices.com)
  • In the framework of bone tissues anatomist, inorganic biomaterials, mineralized man made or organic polymers, and polymer-mineral composites are accustomed to deliver physical and chemical substance cues to operate a vehicle cell adhesion and osteogenesis (4C6). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Understanding how cancerous cells gain this ability may lead to new approaches to stopping tumor cells from dividing and colonizing tissues around the body. (elifesciences.org)
  • We hypothesized that AAV transgene expression could be targeted to specific tissues or cell types by selectively overexpressing AAVR. (nature.com)
  • Cells Tissues Organs. (bvsalud.org)
  • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay transwell invasion surface area and assay plasmon resonance technology. (immune-source.com)
  • Both antibodies recognized human Langerhans cells, previously shown to express RANK, while dermal dendritic cells were poorly labeled. (cnrs.fr)
  • As a result, antibodies isolated using these techniques will not necessarily fold well in the cytoplasm, and intracellular solubility must often be engineered separately if the antibodies will be used in intracellular applications. (jove.com)
  • The mechanisms of tumor cell killing by antibodies are summarized as the direct action of the antibody payload delivery and specific effects of an antibody within the tumor vasculature and stroma. (immune-source.com)
  • The participants critically discussed the need for a precise definition of cancer stem cells, the requirement for new markers and more rapid and tractable in vitro and in vivo assays, and the need to develop drug screening strategies to selectively target cancer stem cells to generate therapeutics for this subpopulation of cells that could be resistant to classic treatments while possessing potent tumor-forming capacity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Adsorption may be the main mode of peptide delivery to INCB8761 inhibitor mineral surfaces since covalent immobilization is not possible. (thetechnoant.info)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were determined as the cellular effectors of GVHD, and the key role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in T-lymphocyte activation was established during the following years [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Isolation and characterization of a population of immature dental pulp stem cells expressing OCT-4 and other embryonic stem cell markers. (bvsalud.org)
  • They are essential for virus-cell receptor binding and the production of structurally complete virus particles. (medsci.org)
  • but, considering that two or more particles must reproduce simultaneously in the same cell for reactivation to occur, exclusion phenomena, preventing entry of a second particle, should be considered. (2014wycc.co.za)
  • iv) Composite particles in vivo and in vitro. (lu.se)
  • By developing these structures and functions, the organoid emulates the in vivo physiological or pathological environment. (stemcell.com)
  • They help display the physiological changes that differentiate tumor cells from healthy cells. (moleculardevices.com)
  • In vitro studies in βTC-6, the β-cell line, showed specific accumulation of the targeted probe (termed MN-Ex10-Cy5.5) compared with nontargeted (termed MN-Cy5.5). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • By leveraging the picomolar affinity of the GFP and ALFA nanobodies for their respective tags, the POI can be specifically captured from the resulting cell lysate even when expressed at low levels and under a variety of conditions, including detergents and mild denaturants. (stanford.edu)
  • The rNDV-18HL-encoded cHAb18 antibody kept affinity for CD147 and showed inhibiting the invasion and migration of HCC cells. (immune-source.com)
  • For instance, multifunctional ECM-derived or designed peptides such as GTPGPQGIAGQRGVV (P15) and DpSpSEEKFLRRIGRFG (N15)-PRGDS, respectively, demonstrate cell and mineral binding affinity, and impart ostoconductive and ostoinductive cues to adherent osteogenic cells (14,16). (thetechnoant.info)
  • A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has specific binding affinity for a cognate receptor on die surface of an eukaryotic cell, binding to which does not allow infection of the cell by the viral particle. (sumobrain.com)
  • A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has no specific binding affinity for a eukaryotic cell surface component. (sumobrain.com)
  • To overcome the challenge of developing such materials, fundamental studies are needed to analyze and understand the MSC behavior on modified surfaces of applicable materials for bone healing. (nature.com)
  • Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)
  • Furthermore, advances in characterization techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), neutron reflectometry, surface-enhanced raman scattering (SERS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) are fast gathering pace in this area. (cecam.org)
  • With the recent advances in human-cell cultivation techniques, allowing in vivo -like in vitro long-term functionality, there is a shift in focus towards the mechanistic details of the adverse effects "over time" aimed at a better understanding of the dynamics of biological processes. (brill.com)
  • Recent advances have provided a variety of new strategies for delivering DNA and RNA into cells and probing their expression, as well as new clinical applications that rely upon the introduction of genetic material. (cshlpress.com)
  • This article will examine advances taking place on both the lab bench and the pharmaceutical production floor that are helping to bring the promise of stem cells closer to reality. (ddw-online.com)
  • Advances in radiologic imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have improved the ability to predict the success for complete removal of the mass. (medscape.com)
  • These cancer stem cells have the capacity to both divide and expand the cancer stem cell pool and to differentiate into the heterogeneous nontumorigenic cancer cell types that in most cases appear to constitute the bulk of the cancer cells within the tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Progenitor cells are similar to embryonic stem cells in their capacity to differentiate into various cell types. (ddw-online.com)
  • However, progenitor cells can only differentiate into a limited number of cell types. (ddw-online.com)
  • Preliminary biological studies were conducted to evaluate adhesion (6 h) of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) to the patterns in terms of cell number and morphology. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Recently, researchers cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spheroids and proved their regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects, which depicts potential for regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies. (moleculardevices.com)
  • 11. Kramer PR, Nares S, Kramer SF, Grogan D, Kaiser M. Mesenchymal stem cells acquire characteristics of cells in the periodontal ligament in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • The method harnesses the intrinsic intracellular folding quality control mechanism of the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway to display an scFv library on the E. coli inner membrane. (jove.com)
  • Following removal of the outer membrane, the scFvs displayed on the inner membrane are panned against a target antigen immobilized on magnetic beads to isolate scFvs that bind to the target antigen. (jove.com)
  • Stem cell research is another significant application of spheroids, especially during the cultivation of embryonic (ESC) and neural stem cells (NSC). (moleculardevices.com)
  • Cell Stem Cell, 4, 472-476. (igem.org)
  • This opens up the possibility of using QDs for fast and accurate imaging applications in stem cell therapy. (nanowerk.com)
  • Graft versus host disease (GVHD), a severe immunogenic complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), represents the most frequent cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM). (hindawi.com)
  • Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the only curative modality for many hematological disorders. (hindawi.com)
  • A workshop was convened by the AACR to discuss the rapidly emerging cancer stem cell model for tumor development and progression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • There his work focused on transcriptional control of hematopoietic stem cell maturation and cell fate. (ubc.ca)
  • He is a member of the Stem Cell Network Centre of Excellence (past member of the Stem Cell Policy Committee and Research Management Committee and current Sub-chair of the Training and Education Committee), and a member of the AllerGen Network Centre of Excellence (Research Management Committee and Co-Chair of the Biomarkers Program). (ubc.ca)
  • In the last decade, the availability of autologous stem cell transplantation and combination therapies consisting of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and other chemotherapeutics has improved median 5-y survival from 34.6% in 2004 to 49.6% in 2013 ( 3 , 4 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Inclusion of fetal bovine serum in stem cell media further contributes to an illdefined culture system. (ddw-online.com)
  • Stem cell properties of human dental pulp stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • After bone fractures mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) take on a key role in the in vivo bone repair process 1 . (nature.com)
  • Since 2015, more than 3,000 articles were published on studies using crispr /Cas9 genome editing, including more than 900 articles using the technology in mammalian cells (PubMed, accessed June 11, 2017). (brill.com)
  • Of specific interest is the role that nanoscale cell-surface interactions play in the biocompatibility of neural implants. (frontiersin.org)
  • In order to cope with this task, in vitro systems are required which allow studies regarding cell-material interactions to unfold the impact of material surface properties on MSCs. (nature.com)
  • Multicellular tumor spheroid models give deeper insights into the tumor microenvironment, allowing researchers to visualize cell-to-cell interactions, how tumor cells absorb nutrients, and how they proliferate. (moleculardevices.com)
  • interactions between cells. (lu.se)
  • Future work will explore additional MM cell lines with heterogeneous LAT1 expression and response to melphalan therapy. (snmjournals.org)
  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Methods A wide range of human cancer cell lines derived from solid tumours, keratinocytes and primary embryonic cells were employed, together with helper and cytotoxic T cell lines and human as well as mouse primary T cells. (bmj.com)
  • Clara cells lining the respiratory epithelium metabolize ST to styrene 7,8- oxide (SO), which is cytotoxic and weakly genotoxic. (cdc.gov)
  • As endothelial cells line these blood vessels and critical networks that extend access to various human organ systems, the virus entry into these cells can be detrimental to virus spread across the host system and affect clinical course of disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models have had a profound impact on both basic and clinical research in the pulmonary field. (stemcell.com)
  • 1 However, the inherent differences when compared with in vivo and clinical observations pose an impediment to answering research questions. (stemcell.com)
  • The vast number of available techniques for clinical and laboratory research often makes selecting the optimal method a difficult process. (cshlpress.com)
  • Yang Y, Huang Z, Niu X, Xu H, Li Y, Liu W. Clinical characteristics and risk factors analysis of lung metastasis of benign giant cell tumor of bone. (medscape.com)
  • Expansion of within-host assessments of genetic diversity to include IAV with atypical clinical presentations in humans or in extrapulmonary cell types can provide greater insight into understanding those features most prone to modulation in the context of viral tropism. (cdc.gov)
  • Modern genetic techniques have helped us hugely in characterizing these disorders and providing a molecular diagnosis in the face of nonspecific clinical data. (medscape.com)
  • 2000). We of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in models of have recently reported that this vector directs transgene expression to Parkinson's disease (Georgievska et al. (lu.se)
  • One of the most significant objectives in cancer research is to understand tumor cell formation. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Viral replication and virulence weren't attenuated from the incorporation of cHAb18 gene ICOS which considerably improved the suppression of relict tumor cell migration. (immune-source.com)
  • CD147 is definitely over-expressed in HCC cells and involved in tumor cell invasion [17] and closely related to prognosis in individuals with HCC [18-22]. (immune-source.com)
  • The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
  • Esa Tyystjärvi, in International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2013. (2014wycc.co.za)
  • 2001). A that BPTI possesses a self-complementary surface that might molecular approach is evidently needed, which recognizes stabilize a dimer (Zielenkiewicz et al. (lu.se)
  • Basic concepts of colloid science like the surface force issue has wide applications in biochemistry and molecular biology. (lu.se)
  • 2009). Isolation and characterization of cancer stem like cells in human glioblastoma cell lines. (igem.org)
  • Use of progenitor cell lines can eliminate the need to culture challenging human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • Progenitor cells can be far easier to handle in culture than ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • For example, neural progenitor cells derived from a human ES cell line are easily propagated and require less handling than human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • Laser surface micropatterning of dental-grade zirconia (3Y-TZP) was explored with the objective of providing defined linear patterns capable of guiding bone-cell response.A nanosecond (ns-) laser was employed to fabricate microgrooves on the surface of 3Y-TZP discs, yielding three different groove periodicities (i.e., 30, 50 and 100 µm). (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • P15, having a sequence similar to one found in the a1 chain of type I collagen, accelerates bone formation in-vivo and offers advanced to the medical center in a variety of applications, including healing of periodontal problems, sinus augmentation, alveolar ridge augmentation, fracture healing and lumbar fusion (17C20). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of terminally differentiated plasma B cells that originates in the hematopoietic bone marrow and accounts for 15%-20% of all hematologic malignancies ( 1 , 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Rosario M, Kim HS, Yun JY, Han I. Surveillance for lung metastasis from giant cell tumor of bone. (medscape.com)
  • Giant-cell tumor of bone: analysis of two hundred and eight cases in Chinese patients. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary metastasis of benign giant cell tumor of bone. (medscape.com)
  • To date, it has been difficult to overcome primary brain cancer resulting from GBM, primarily because the cancer-initiating cells are suspected to be highly resistant to current cancer therapies. (igem.org)
  • Additionally, creating a biomaterial that may promote adhesion of particular cell populations can enhance the performance of cell structured therapies Rabbit polyclonal to ACAD9 (3). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Endothelial cells also possess intrinsic antiviral responses which leverage the host's immune system to battle the infection or restrict viral replication. (wikipedia.org)
  • IFN "intereferes" with virus replication by signaling to other cells in our immune system stop the infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-25 augments type 2 immune responses by enhancing the expansion and functions of TSLP-DC-activated Th2 memory cells. (tamu.edu)
  • OncoVEXGM-CSF a recombinant HSV expressing GM-CSF in phase III trial for treatment of melanoma was proved to eliminate malignancy cells by inducing local and systemic antigen-specific T cell reactions and reducing suppressive immune cell populations [12]. (immune-source.com)
  • T1R is connected with an exacerbated cellular response with an increase of Th1 cytokine creation, whereas T2R is certainly connected with elevated peripheral creation of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines like IL-6 and TNF, immune complicated deposits and neutrophil infiltration in cells [1, 5, 6]. (researchensemble.com)
  • COVID-19 monocytes switch their gene expression profile from canonical innate immune to pro-thrombotic signatures and are functionally pro-thrombotic, both at baseline and following ex vivo stimulation with SARS-CoV-2. (bvsalud.org)
  • Finally, Staphylococcus aureus adhesion (4 h) to the microgrooves was investigated.The surface analysis showed grooves of approximately 1.8 µm height that exhibited surface damage in the form of pile-up at the edge of the microgrooves, microcracks and cavities. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • This plan of merging cell and materials binding phage screen produced peptides is certainly broadly suitable to a number of systems needing targeted adhesion of particular cell populations, and could be generalized towards the anatomist of any adhesion surface area. (thetechnoant.info)
  • A gain of function screen for genes that enable proliferation independently of matrix anchorage identified a cell adhesion molecule PVRL4 (poliovirus-receptor-like 4), also known as Nectin-4. (elifesciences.org)
  • In cell cultures the inhibitory activity of ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is selective. (nih.gov)
  • Somatostatin-expressing inhibitory (SOM) neurons in the sensory cortex consist mostly of Martinotti cells, which project ascending axons to layer 1. (jneurosci.org)
  • using two-photon imaging guided cell-attached recordings in GAD67 -GFP knock-in transgenic mice, we examined the receptive field (RF) properties of inhibitory neurons in layer 2/3 of the primary visual cortex (V1). (jneurosci.org)
  • Although the FS neurons were most likely PV cells ( Kawaguchi and Kubota, 1997 ), the RS inhibitory neurons were a mixture of other GABAergic subtypes. (jneurosci.org)
  • A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus expressing anti-CTLA4 antibody was generated and showed an effective antitumor activity in vivo [16]. (immune-source.com)
  • 2009). Physiologic Oxygen Concentration Enhances the Stem-Like Properties of CD133+ Human Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro. (igem.org)
  • The cell biology of fat expansion. (tamu.edu)
  • Compared to other 3D cell culture methods, spheroids offer several advantages, including relevance to tumor biology, lower cost, less labor than animal models, reproducibility, ease of integration into high-throughput screening, and advanced imaging techniques. (moleculardevices.com)
  • There are a number of hypothesized that regulating the transgene with a GFAP promoter in a different vectors that transduce cells in the brain in a slightly different viral vector would give rise to a high transgenic expression in the manner (for a review see, e.g. (lu.se)
  • In vivo magnetic resonance imaging showed a significant transverse relaxation time (T2) shortening in the pancreata of mice injected with the MN-Ex10-Cy5.5 probe compared with control animals injected with the nontargeted probe at 7.5 and 24 h after injection. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In vivo R12-31 agonist activity was demonstrated by its ability to induce the formation of intestinal villous microfold cells in mice. (cnrs.fr)
  • Researchers have now used QDs for in vivo imaging of embryonic stem cells in mice. (nanowerk.com)
  • Monoclonal Anti-MUC1 (mouse IgG1 isotype) is derived from the hybridoma 1D1 produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with semi-purified MUC1 from pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • 2003). The therapeutic effects of different genes delivered by ment of the hGFAP promoter used here has been extensively studied and lentiviral vectors have been documented in a number of animal found to be up-regulated after several different stimuli both in vitro and models, both in rodents and primates, and examples include delivery in vivo in transgenic mice (Brenner et al. (lu.se)
  • Human and rabbit artificial corneal endothelial grafts were developed through the culture of human and rabbit corneal endothelial cells (CECs) on SF films. (arvojournals.org)
  • Komor, Badran and Liu, 2017 ) have opened up tremendous opportunities for the development of cell lines, especially those of human origin ( Tobita, Guzman-Lepe and de L'Hortet, 2015 ). (brill.com)
  • 9 Coronavirus is characterized by spikes sticking out from the surface, which in part have the same characteristics as SARS-CoV, and other four Human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 (human coronavirus NL63), HCoV-229E (human coronavirus 229E), HCoV-OC43 (human coronavirus OC43), and HCoV-HKU1 (human coronavirus HKU1), which only cause mild respiratory diseases. (medsci.org)
  • It has been proved to have a beneficial treatment effect on BIBX 1382 prevention of tumor recurrence in individuals with HCC [23 24 We generated a mouse-human chimeric cHAb18 antibody that derived from murine HAb18 and showed inhibition of HCC cell. (immune-source.com)
  • By using human lungs and cells, this new system provides a novel way to culture cells in vitro to investigate matrix contributions to lung pathology in a disease-specific manner. (atsjournals.org)
  • The combined use of the bacterial genotyping species according to host (human and bovine) was also technique, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and char- inferred from these data. (cdc.gov)
  • Stem cells, and in particular human embryonic stem (ES) cells, have earned a reputation for being labour intensive and difficult to grow and control in culture. (ddw-online.com)
  • F urther complicating matters, human ES cells are typically co-cultured with feeder layers of mouse fibroblast cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • Several growth factors have been identified that promote growth of human ES cells in culture, most notably basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). (ddw-online.com)
  • Xeno-free media that do not rely upon high levels of bFGF have been developed that contain only humanised or synthetic components and are engineered to support the undifferentiated growth and expansion of human ES cells. (ddw-online.com)
  • 5. Gronthos S, Mankani M, Brahim J, Robey PG, Shi S. Postnatal human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro and in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
  • SHED: stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. (bvsalud.org)
  • 9. Chen SC, Marino V, Gronthos S, Bartold PM. Location of putative stem cells in human periodontal ligament. (bvsalud.org)
  • 10. Kamata N, Fujimoto R, Tomonari M, Taki M, Nagayama M, Yasumoto S. Immortalization of human dental papilla, dental pulp, periodontal ligament cells and gingival fibroblasts by telomerase reverse transcriptase. (bvsalud.org)
  • This enables cells to communicate and respond to external environments, maintain cellular homeostasis, and transduce signals. (mdpi.com)
  • In addition to a cell binding sequence, incorporating a second sequence that tethers the peptide to a biomaterial can mimic these ECM multifunctional domains. (thetechnoant.info)
  • Witte, which represents the ancient way of detecting individuals after a tuberculosis contact, or vaccination by the BCG strain GLOSSARY CD4 cells: Represents T lymphocytes, expressing the surface receptor CD4. (forextrading-madeeasy.com)
  • Culture spheroids - Cancer cells can be cultured directly in an ultra-low attachment (ULA), round bottom plate, or other labware to develop the typical morphology of a spheroid. (moleculardevices.com)
  • PVRL4 promotes anchorage-independence by driving cell-to-cell attachment and matrix-independent integrin β4/SHP-2/c-Src activation. (elifesciences.org)