Vitro vaccinia virus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Expression of the G genes using recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the T7 RNA polymerase showed that the G proteins of both strains of PVM were expressed on the surface of cells transfected in vitro. (warwick.ac.uk)
The transgenic T cells were also able to enhance clearance of recombinant vaccinia virus containing influenza nucleoprotein in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
IL-12 is an effective adjuvant to recombinant vaccinia virus-based tumor vaccines: enhancement by simultaneous B7-1 expression. (univr.it)
Although IL-12 given alone to mice bearing tumors established for 3 days did not have consistent antitumor activity, a profound therapeutic effect was observed when IL-12 administration was combined with a recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV) encoding beta-gal called VJS6. (univr.it)
CARaMEL T cells were administered together with an injection of a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine expressing gp100 (VV-gp100). (edu.au)

The viral range in vitro of a malignant human epithelial cell (Strain HeLa, Gel). (wikipedia.org)
Specific to pandemic influenza threats, the Hemopurifier has been validated to capture the H5N1 avian flu virus, H1N1 swine flu virus, and the reconstructed 1918 influenza virus, which represents a model for the strain of influenza that killed an estimated 50 million victims. (prnewswire.com)
Nucleotide sequence of 21·8 kbp of variola major virus strain Harvey and comparison with vaccinia virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
We constructed a targeted vaccinia virus of Guang9 strain harboring IL-24 (VG9-IL-24) to evaluate its antitumor effects. (techscience.com)
To this end, we designed and engineered SJ-185, a novel oncolytic vaccinia virus, through incorporating two human transgenes, the IFNB1 and CES2 , into the TK gene region of a Western Reserve (WR) strain vaccinia virus backbone. (e-crt.org)
Vaccine-induced anti-RH5 serum antibodies exhibited cross-strain functional growth inhibition activity (GIA) in vitro, targeted linear and conformational epitopes within RH5, and inhibited key interactions within the RH5 invasion complex. (jci.org)
The vaccinia virus (strain Lister) expresses a 35 kDa soluble protein ('35K') that binds and inactivates a wide range of CC chemokines. (ox.ac.uk)
Working model is the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) which is a highly attenuated vaccinia virus strain and currently tested as a vaccine vector against infectious diseases and cancer. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
BACKGROUND: Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a highly attenuated strain of vaccinia virus, has been used as vaccine delivery vector in preclinical and clinical studies against infectious diseases and malignancies. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
We have shown high oncoselectivity of the Russian strain of the L-IVP vaccinia virus and anti-tumor activity of the VVdGF-ApoS24/2 recombinant strain synthesized on its basis. (megagrant.ru)

Tecovirimat (also referred to as ST-246 or its brand name Tpoxx) has demonstrated in vitro activity against various orthopoxviruses (e.g., variola, vaccinia, and monkeypox viruses) and shown effectiveness in animal challenge studies using related orthopoxviruses. (cdc.gov)
Brincidofovir (TEMBEXA) has demonstrated in vitro activity against various orthopoxviruses (e.g., variola, vaccinia, and monkeypox viruses) and shown effectiveness in animal challenge studies using related orthopoxviruses. (cdc.gov)
It's caused by Monkeypox virus which is an orthopoxvirus but the specific animal reservoir is unknown but probably small mammals that occur in some part of Africa. (cdc.gov)
United States and the cause was traced to the spread of Monkeypox virus from imported African rodents to pet prairie dogs, to people who had contact with those pet prairie dogs. (cdc.gov)
Close contact through sexual activity has been associated with the spread of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in the ongoing, global 2022 epidemic. (bvsalud.org)
Mpox (monkeypox)is caused by the monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus structurally related to the smallpox virus. (msdmanuals.com)
Despite its name, nonhuman primates are not monkeypox virus reservoirs. (msdmanuals.com)
The disease caused by the monkeypox virus was also originally called "monkeypox," but in November 2022 the World Health Organization introduced the name "mpox" for the disease caused by the virus (see WHO recommends new name for monkeypox disease ). (msdmanuals.com)
Monkeypox virus , an orthopoxvirus sharing clinical features with smallpox virus, is endemic in several countries in Central and West Africa. (cdc.gov)

Dissociation of progeny vaccinia virus from the cell membrane is regulated by a viral envelope glycoprotein: effect of a point mutation in the lectin homology domain of the A34R gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Viral replication and dissemination of SJ-815 were measured by plaque assay and comet assay, respectively, and compared to the backbone of SJ-815, a modified Western Reserve virus named WI. (e-crt.org)
SJ-815 demonstrated significantly lower viral replication and dissemination, but considerably stronger in vitro tumor cytotoxicity than WI. (e-crt.org)
Vaccinia virus uracil DNA glycosylase interacts with the A20 protein to form a heterodimeric processivity factor for the viral DNA polymerase. (neb.com)
We utilized established viral vectors, the replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 63 (ChAd63), and the attenuated orthopoxvirus modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), encoding RH5 from the 3D7 clone of P. falciparum. (jci.org)
These assays could detect viral antigens in serum, were highly specific toward MPXV as compared to other infectious orthopoxviruses (vaccinia virus, cowpox virus, and camelpox virus), and exhibited a correlation with quantitative PCR results from an NHP study. (bvsalud.org)
Viral RNA and viable virus titers were quantified in serum and lung tissue with histopathology performed at 3d and 7d post-virus-exposure. (bvsalud.org)
Sham-treated, virus-exposed hamsters showed consistent clinical signs with concomitant weight loss and had detectable viral RNA and viable virus in lung tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Adenoviral-mediated delivery of a viral chemokine binding protein blocks CC-chemokine activity in vitro and in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein gpI, the homolog of herpes simplex virus gE, functions as a receptor for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G. Like other cell surface receptors, this viral receptor is highly phosphorylated in cell culture. (archive.org)
We have explored the deletion of two vaccinia virus host range/antiapoptosis genes, SPI-1 and SPI-2, for their effects on the viral replication and their ability to induce cell death in infected normal and transformed cells in vitro. (elsevierpure.com)
In a model of viral pathogenesis, mice treated with vSP survived substantially longer when compared with mice treated with the wild-type virus. (elsevierpure.com)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an important agent of viral hepatitis worldwide, can cause severe courses of infection in pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. (mdpi.com)
Cloned versions of the Shope fibroma virus (SFV) replicated telomere in the inverted repeat configuration were used as substrates to assay lysates from poxvirus-infected cells for protein fractions that participate in the resolution of the circular substrate plasmid into a linear minichromosome with viral hairpin termini. (ox.ac.uk)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a serious, potentially life-threatening viral infection caused by a previously unrecognized virus from the Coronaviridae family, the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). (medscape.com)

Vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (VIGIV) is recommended as the first line of therapy for treatment of adverse reactions resulting from continued vaccinia virus replication after vaccination using ACAM2000® or APSV . (cdc.gov)
VIGIV [PDF - 18 pages] has been used safely and effectively in smallpox vaccinated individuals to treat adverse reactions that are secondary to continued vaccinia virus replication after vaccination. (cdc.gov)
This antiviral is FDA-approved for the treatment of variola virus infections (smallpox) and could be used under an expanded access investigational new drug (IND) protocol for the treatment of adverse reactions secondary to continued vaccinia virus replication after smallpox vaccination. (cdc.gov)
The production of several different virus particles in the VV replication cycle represents a coordinated strategy to exploit cell biology to promote virus spread and to aid virus evasion of antibody and complement. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Arming vaccinia virus with immunostimulatory cytokines can enhance the tumor cell-specific replication and antitumor efficacy. (techscience.com)
The anti-HIV activities of the new compounds were also screened for in vitro antiviral activity against replication of HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (ROD) in MT-4 cells using zidovudine (AZT) as standard. (ijpsonline.com)
Transient expression of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase is an intrinsic feature of the early phase of infection and is unlinked to DNA replication and late gene expression. (neb.com)
Low-resolution structure of vaccinia virus DNA replication machinery. (ibs.fr)
Type IB DNA topoisomerases are enzymes to change the topological state of DNA molecules and are essential in studying replication, transcription, and recombination of nucleic acids in vitro. (edu.sa)
The resolving activity that we have identified is specific to virus-infected cells at late times during replication and cleaves cloned poxviral telomeric substrates in a fashion expected of a classic Holliday junction-resolving enzyme in addition to possessing a telomere resolution target-specific nicking activity. (ox.ac.uk)
The observed role of CTL in the containment of AIDS virus replication suggests that an effective HIV vaccine will be required to generate strong CTL responses. (ox.ac.uk)
Intracellular mature virus (IMV) are the first and most abundant infectious form of vaccinia virus to assemble during its replication cycle. (figshare.com)

The vaccinia virus vaccines ( smallpox vaccine ) are generally safe and effective, but some people do experience side effects and adverse reactions . (cdc.gov)
These therapeutic methods, including but not limited to oncolytic virus therapies, T-cell therapies and cancer vaccines, are based on the body's ability to recognize mutated antigen peptides presented on the cell surface by MCH-receptors (also known as HLA-receptors in humans) and the disposal of the malignant cells by cytotoxic T-cells. (helsinki.fi)
Vaccines generated by us are being studied in vitro and in vivo in preclinical animal models as well as in collaborative clinical studies. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
Because epitope-based vaccines offer several potential advantages for inducing strong, multispecific CTL responses, we tested the ability of an epitope-based DNA prime/modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) boost vaccine to induce CTL responses against a single SIVgag CTL epitope. (ox.ac.uk)

Oncolytic viruses are an emerging class of cancer therapeutic agents that exert antitumor effects generally through tumor-specific cell lysis paired with immune stimulation [ 1 ]. (e-crt.org)
Notably, intratumoral injection of this cBiTE-expressing adenovirus increased the persistence and accumulation of tumor-infiltrating T cells in vivo , compared with the parental virus lacking such effects. (aacrjournals.org)
Numerous tumor cell lines were infected with ten non-vaccinia poxviruses to identify which virus displayed the most potential as an oncolytic agent. (oncotarget.com)
Cell viability indicated that tumor cell lines were differentially susceptible to each virus. (oncotarget.com)
Raccoonpox virus was the most potent of the tested poxviruses and was highly effective in controlling cell growth in all tumor cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
This TK-deleted Raccoonpox virus was notably attenuated in normal primary cells but replicated efficiently in numerous tumor cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
In human colon cancer xenograft model, a single intratumoral inoculation of the recombinant Raccoonpox virus, in combination with 5-fluorocytosine administration, produced relevant tumor growth control. (oncotarget.com)
On the basis of the reported synergistic effects of IL-12 and the costimulatory molecule B7-1 (CD80) in vitro, we immunized mice with a double recombinant vaccinia encoding both the model tumor Ag and the costimulatory molecule B7-1, designated B7-1 beta-gal rVV. (univr.it)
The adjuvant administration of IL-12 after immunization with this virus significantly enhanced survival in tumor-bearing animals. (univr.it)

Lipase activities of p37, the major envelope protein of vaccinia virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Extracellular vaccinia virus formation and cell-to-cell virus transmission are prevented by deletion of the gene encoding the 37,000-Dalton outer envelope protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Sequence analysis, expression, and deletion of a vaccinia virus gene encoding a homolog of profilin, a eukaryotic actin-binding protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
ld-type genes of gpI were transfected and expressed within a vaccinia virus-T7 polymerase transfection system in order to determine what effect these mutations had on the phosphorylation state of the protein in vivo and in vitro. (archive.org)
DUSP3/VHR, related to the vaccinia virus phosphatase VH1, is initially found to be a phosphatase that dephosphorylates multiple protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in vitro [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP) and curcumin (Cur) are natural compounds with different biological origins reported to regulate complement activation. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)
An activity in a crude protein fraction obtained from vaccinia virus-infected cells at late times during the replicative cycle was capable of accurately resolving all poxviral inverted repeat replicative intermediates tested. (ox.ac.uk)
These viruses, which belong to the family Poxviridae, are a broad group of morphologically identical DNA viruses that share a nucleocapsid protein . (microbiologynote.com)

Surprisingly, HLA B27 supported CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cell responses in vivo and in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)

It is not FDA-approved for the treatment of orthopoxvirus infections, but could be used under an expanded access IND protocol for the treatment of complications which might arise from vaccinia virus vaccination. (cdc.gov)
WHO Collaborating Centre for Orthopoxvirus Diagnosis and Repository for Variola Virus Strains and DNA, State Research Centre of Virology and Biotechnology "VECTOR", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russian Federation. (who.int)
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is one of the best studied representative of the Orthopoxvirus genus. (oncotarget.com)
Smallpox Smallpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the smallpox virus, an orthopoxvirus. (msdmanuals.com)

Modified vaccinia virus Ankara exerts potent immune modulatory activities in a murine model. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Can Induce Optimal CD8(+) T Cell Responses to Directly Primed Antigens Depending on Vaccine Design. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Expanding the repertoire of Modified Vaccinia Ankara-based vaccine vectors via genetic complementation strategies. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Potent Anti-hepatitis C Virus (HCV) T Cell Immune Responses Induced in Mice Vaccinated with DNA-Launched RNA Replicons and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara-HCV. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Vaccination with recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara prevents the onset of intestinal allergy in mice. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Induction of AIDS virus-specific CTL activity in fresh, unstimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes from rhesus macaques vaccinated with a DNA prime/modified vaccinia virus Ankara boost regimen. (ox.ac.uk)

Aqueous leaf extract offers antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus, Chikungemya and measles virus. (infinityfoundation.com)
A series of novel N-substituted indophenazine derivatives were synthesised and screened for antiviral activity against a panel of human pathogenic viruses. (ijpsonline.com)

Although we are only just beginning to unravel the complex pathophysiology and virulence mechanisms of smallpox virus, experimental evidence with vaccinia has also demonstrated that many of the observed immunologic alterations produced by poxvirus infection persist long term and can be measured months or years after infection ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
Researchers have linked Zika virus infection with Guillain-Barre syndrome, a severe neurological disorder that can cause paralysis. (prnewswire.com)
Beyond Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya and West Nile virus, the Hemopurifier has also been validated to capture Monkey pox, which serves as models for human Smallpox infection. (prnewswire.com)
The immune system could play a crucial role in virus infection. (medsci.org)
The successful development and implementation to intervene prevention and treatment of virus infection over the past hundred years have had great advances on human and animal health. (medsci.org)
However, to this day, in the fight against virus infection, there is no real winner. (medsci.org)
Oncolytic virotherapy for cancer treatment utilizes naturally occurring or engineered viruses for selective infection and cancer cell death without any adverse effect on normal cells. (oncotarget.com)
In the present study, we have compared the in vitro antigen expression after NYVAC-B or NYVAC-B-(hr) infection using fluorescent-activated cell sorting to score Gag expressing cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This epic contains at least three "firsts": the first vaccine, the first disease eradicated entirely by immunisation, and the first virus infection against which treatment was clinically effective. (microbiologynote.com)
Kinesin-1 transports morphologically distinct intracellular virions during vaccinia infection. (figshare.com)
Severe immunosuppression can be due to a variety of conditions, including congenital immunodeficiency, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, leukemia, lymphoma, generalized malignancy or therapy with alkylating agents, antimetabolites, radiation, or large amounts of corticosteroids. (cdc.gov)

Several techniques based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to facilitate the characterization and phylogenetic analysis of variola virus isolates were described. (who.int)
Evaluation of the role of the vaccinia virus uracil DNA glycosylase and A20 proteins as intrinsic components of the DNA polymerase holoenzyme. (neb.com)
Characterization of a processive form of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase. (neb.com)
Overexpression and purification of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase. (neb.com)
Vaccinia virus DNA polymerase. (neb.com)
Genetic characterization of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase: cytosine arabinoside resistance requires a variable lesion conferring phosphonoacetate resistance in conjunction with an invariant mutation localized to the 3'-5' exonuclease domain. (neb.com)
Genetic characterization of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase: identification of point mutations conferring altered drug sensitivities and reduced fidelity. (neb.com)

Techniques that are commonly used for genetic engineering include deletion and insertion of specific genes within a virus genome. (e-crt.org)

Viruses that are frequently chosen for genetic engineering include vaccinia virus, adenovirus, and herpes simplex virus. (e-crt.org)
The oncolytic adenovirus ICOVIR-15K was engineered to express an EGFR-targeting BiTE (cBiTE) antibody under the control of the major late promoter, leading to generation of ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE, which retained its oncolytic properties in vitro . (aacrjournals.org)

Seven virus-encoded proteins have been identified that are components of IEV, and five of them are present in CEV or EEV. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The roles of these proteins in virus morphogenesis and dissemination, and as targets for neutralizing antibody are reviewed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Here we discuss three innovative applications of the yeast model system to reveal functions and investigate variants of proteins encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (microbialcell.com)
Despite the impressive advances that have been made, the precise functions and virus-host interactions of many SARS-CoV-2 proteins remains obscure. (microbialcell.com)
We have synthesized a series of recombinant strains of vaccinia expressing proteins that strengthen their oncolytic qualities. (megagrant.ru)

Two semi-quantitative assays were developed in parallel and standardized with infectious mpox virus (MPXV) cell culture fluid and MPXV-positive non-human primate (NHP) sera samples. (bvsalud.org)
Functional assays performed in vitro indicated that murine CARaMEL T cells mediated antigen-specific cytokine secretion and killing abilities against pancreatic cancer cells, and demonstrated potent proliferative ability in response to gp100 antigen, confirming our hypothesis. (edu.au)
In vitro functional assays indicated that human CARaMEL T cells mediated powerful and antigen-specific killing and cytokine secretion against Her2, together with a strong proliferative ability in response to gp100 antigen. (edu.au)
While different methods exist to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy products, more efficient and robust in vitro assays are still required to ensure their safety and consistency. (technologynetworks.com)

In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) plans at 150 samples, consisting of 120 different strains ( 7 , 8 ), to announce its recommendation regarding the fi nal including several selected for their increased virulence destruction of all known remaining smallpox virus stockpiles. (cdc.gov)

Next to the optimization of the vector backbone and expression of target genes, we aim to optimize protocols for generation, isolation and molecular characterization of MVA vector viruses e.g. by using recombinant BAC-technology. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)

These virions have different abundance, structure, location and roles in the virus life-cycle. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Expression of the G genes in vitro produced polypeptides which were approximately 3K larger than their predicted molecular weights. (warwick.ac.uk)
The ability of cancer cells to evade apoptosis may permit survival of a recombinant vaccinia lacking antiapoptotic genes in cancer cells compared with normal cells. (elsevierpure.com)

The molecular characterisation of the major glycoproteins of pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) was undertaken to identify the molecular basis for different pathogenicities for two strains of PVM. (warwick.ac.uk)
The presence of GTI, II and III are both sufficient and necessary to confer pancreatic-specific expression to a reporter gene in vitro or in vivo, using a transgenic mice approach (3,51). (justia.com)

Using vaccinia virus expression of P-450 enzymes in Hep G2 cells, m1A1 and m1A2 were found to be the most active P-450s. (nih.gov)
We therefore performed experiments to evaluate lambda-ZAP bacteriophage-mediated gene transfer and expression in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)

The compound 10H-indolo-2-Amino pyridine [3,2-b] quinoxalines inhibits Herpes simplex virus-1 and vaccinia virus at a concentration of 12 μg/ml, and the cytotoxicy was found to be 100 μg/ml. 4-Aminobenzene sulfonamide-10H-indolo [3,2-b] quinoxalines inhibit vaccinia virus at a concentration of 12 μg/ml and cytotoxicy was found to be 100 μg/ml. (ijpsonline.com)

This also includes to broaden our knowledge and understanding of virus-host interactions on the molecular level for instance with components of the antigen processing and presentation machinery. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
We found that CTL responses against MVA-produced antigens were dominated by cross-priming in vivo , despite the ability of the virus to efficiently infect professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as dendritic cells (DC). (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)

The genome of camelpox virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The mode of entry of vaccinia virus into L cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In vitro, VG9-IL-24 induced an increased number of apoptotic cells and blocked colorectal cancer cells in the G 2 /M phase of the cell cycle. (techscience.com)
Its potency to preferentially infect and kill cancer cells has been proven for many years and advanced clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate this virus in human [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Our previous studies demonstrated that arming vaccinia viruses with marine lectins enhanced the antitumor efficacy in several cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
This study aims to compare the efficacy of oncolytic vaccinia viruses harboring Tachypleus tridentatus lectin (oncoVV-TTL), Aphrocallistes vastus lectin (oncoVV-AVL), white-spotted charr lectin (oncoVV-WCL), and Asterina pectinifera lectin (oncoVV-APL) in breast cancer cells (BC). (mdpi.com)
Indeed, in three paired normal and transformed cell types, the SPI-1 and SPI-2 gene-deleted virus (vSP) preferentially replicates in transformed cells or p53-null cells when compared with their normal counterparts. (elsevierpure.com)
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We showed that dendritic cells infected in vitro with non-recombinant (nr) MVA expressed maturation and activation markers and were able to efficiently present exogenously pulsed Ag to T cells. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Panobinostat significantly suppressed the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro through apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. (edu.au)
Since little is known concerning phage-mediated gene transfer in mammalian cells [ 26 ], we therefore performed experiments to examine phage-mediated gene transfer in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Viruses such as variola and vaccinia can be cultivated in tissue cultures of monkey kidney, HeLa, and chicken embryo cells. (microbiologynote.com)

Tecovirimat has been used in a small number of individuals to date for the treatment of severe adverse events resulting from vaccinia virus vaccination, and effectiveness data in humans is limited. (cdc.gov)
however, there are limited data on the effectiveness in the treatment of vaccinia-related complications in humans. (cdc.gov)
Parapoxviruses are viruses of ungulates that can occasionally cause illnesses in humans. (microbiologynote.com)
The virus that causes smallpox and the virus that causes molluscum contagiosum are particular human pathogens, but other poxviruses cause rare zoonotic illnesses in humans. (microbiologynote.com)

Cell entry by measles virus: long hybrid receptors uncouple binding from membrane fusion. (1library.net)

Vaccinia virus produces four different types of virion from each infected cell called intracellular mature virus (IMV), intracellular enveloped virus (IEV), cell-associated enveloped virus (CEV) and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). (microbiologyresearch.org)
Here, we demonstrate that IMV, like intracellular enveloped virus (IEV), the second form of vaccinia that is wrapped in Golgi-derived membrane, recruit kinesin-1 and undergo anterograde transport. (figshare.com)

The development of a new oncolytic virus usually involves genetic engineering of a backbone virus. (e-crt.org)

Vaccinia virus has many ideal characteristics that allow for development as an oncolytic virus, such as its relatively large genome as an optimal platform for gene editing, long usage history, and well-defined safety profile [ 2 ]. (e-crt.org)

By inoculating vesicular fluid onto the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos, viruses are isolated. (microbiologynote.com)

Role of cell-associated enveloped vaccinia virus in cell-to-cell spread. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Cancer immunotherapies can be divided into four major categories: - Cytokines/immunomodulation agents - Monoclonal antibodies - Cell‑based therapies - Oncolytic viruses Though monoclonal antibodies currently represent the largest class of commercialized cancer immunotherapies, cell‑based therapies are rapidly making headway. (technologynetworks.com)

This work serves as a model for the rapid, systematic in vitro and in vivo assessment of the efficacy of candidate therapeutics at various stages of clinical development. (bvsalud.org)
While many methods have been developed to screen and evaluate the efficacy of immune cell‑mediated killing, there is a need for a more robust in vitro assay to accurately predict the in vivo behavior of therapies. (technologynetworks.com)

This antiviral is FDA-approved for the treatment of variola virus infections (smallpox). (cdc.gov)
In May 1999 the Health Assembly by resolution WHA52.10 authorized temporary retention up to, but not later than, 2002 of the existing stocks of variola virus at the current locations,1 for the purpose of further international research. (who.int)
The Assembly requested the Director-General to appoint a new group of experts to establish what research, if any, must be carried out in order to obtain consensus on the timing for the destruction of the existing variola virus stocks. (who.int)
Committee on Variola Virus Research is composed of 16 members from all WHO regions. (who.int)
At its first meeting (Geneva, 6-9 December 1999), attended also by 10 advisers from fundamental applied research and regulatory agencies, the Committee agreed that a scientific subcommittee be established for the purpose of overseeing future research on variola virus, with members of this subcommittee to be drawn from the Advisory Committee on Variola Virus Research. (who.int)
A detailed report was submitted to the Executive Board at its 106th session in May 2000.2 The committee's recommendation was that further limited research using variola virus stocks could be justified, but under no circumstances should this continue beyond the end of 2002. (who.int)
DNA, serological detection of variola virus, antiviral agents and animal models of smallpox. (who.int)
Most are isolates of variola virus and a database has been created to link them with available diagnostic and epidemiological data. (who.int)
In 1887, Buist first observed the Variola virus under a microscope. (microbiologynote.com)
Vaccinia virus creates plaques in chick embryo tissue cultures but not variola virus. (microbiologynote.com)

We have started assembling a reverse genetics system for conservation and reproduction of original properties of the Sendai virus and synthesizing recombinant oncolytic strains based on it. (megagrant.ru)

Aethlon also disclosed that it entered into an agreement with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to validate the in vitro capture of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which was discovered to be infectious to man in 2012 and has an approximate 30% mortality rate. (prnewswire.com)

DNA topoisomerase IB from Vaccinia virus (vTopIB) is a 32 kDa, type I eukaryotic topoisomerase, which relaxed positively and negatively supercoiled DNAs without Mg2+ and ATP. (edu.sa)

Therefore, application of oncolytic viruses, such as NDV, as a new treatment strategy to specifically target aberrant signaling in glioblastomas has brought new hope. (techscience.com)
Forinstance, interruption of the virus thymidine kinase-encoding TK gene through inserting other transgenes has been applied in the development of several oncolytic viruses [ 3 , 4 ]. (e-crt.org)
We have opened a masters program in biotechnologies, students complete pre-thesis and thesis research at the Laboratory in the «Oncolytic viruses» domain (2016). (megagrant.ru)
We have developed and tested the «Oncolytic viruses» course for medical students, interns and resident doctors (2012). (megagrant.ru)

The technology captures circulating viruses, bacterial toxins and cancer promoting exosomes through affinity attachment to a unique structure that cloaks these targets from immune detection. (aethlonmedical.com)
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These findings open new ways to potentiate and modulate the immune responses to vaccine Ags depending on whether they are co-administered with MVA or encoded by recombinant viruses. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Accordingly, why was Pasteur such a genius as to discern how the immune system functions to protect us against invasion by the microbial world when no one had even made the distinction between fungi, bacteria, or viruses, and no one had formulated any theories of immunity. (frontiersin.org)

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a negative-stranded RNA virus that exhibits oncolytic activity, has been investigated for its capacity to elicit antitumor activity in many types of cancers, including glioma. (techscience.com)
The results demonstrated significant antitumoral activity of this new modified Raccoonpox virus armed with FCU1 and this virus could be considered to be included into the growing armamentarium of oncolytic virotherapy for cancer. (oncotarget.com)
Apoptin Enhances the Oncolytic Activity of Vaccinia Virus in vitro. (megagrant.ru)

Clinicians who need assistance with the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected complications of vaccinia virus vaccination should consult with their state/local public health department . (cdc.gov)
No antivirals are currently approved by the FDA for treatment of complications which might arise from vaccinia vaccination, but some may be used under expanded access investigational new drug (IND) protocols. (cdc.gov)

Zika virus is the most recent of four significant arboviruses that have spread to the Western Hemisphere. (prnewswire.com)
In the absence of kinesin-1 there is a near-complete loss of in vitro motility and reduction in the intracellular spread of both types of virion. (figshare.com)
A notable outbreak of mpox occurred in the United States in 2003, when infected rodents imported as pets from Africa spread the virus to pet prairie dogs, which then infected people in the Midwest. (msdmanuals.com)

In vitro , it inhibits Vibrio cholerae Klebsiella pneumoniae , M. tuberculosis and M. pyogenes . (infinityfoundation.com)

The Mammalian Cell-Virus Relationship. (wikipedia.org)
The dimensions of the lambda phage particles are broadly similar to those of many mammalian viruses and recent structural evidence points to a shared ancestry between tailed bacteriophages and mammalian DNA viruses [ 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Our observations demonstrate that kinesin-1 transports two morphologically distinct forms of vaccinia. (figshare.com)

An antigenic difference between intracellular and extracellular rabbitpox virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The purpose of this study was to assess characteristics of SJ-815, a novel oncolytic vaccinia virus lacking a functional thymidine kinase-encoding TK gene, and instead, having two human transgenes: the IFNB1 that encodes interferon β1, and the CES2 that encodes carboxylesterase 2, which metabolizes the prodrug, irinotecan, into cytotoxic SN-38. (e-crt.org)
The functional significance of variants that arise as the virus evolves is often unknown. (microbialcell.com)

This eBook highlights innovative tools to evaluate the potency of immunotherapies in vitro . (technologynetworks.com)

VIGIV is not indicated for the treatment of isolated vaccinia keratitis or postvaccinial encephalitis. (cdc.gov)

second, an inserted transgene may introduce new antitumor mechanisms to the oncolytic virus. (e-crt.org)

Vaccinia virus, a member of the Poxviridae family, has been extensively used as an oncolytic agent and has entered late stage clinical development. (oncotarget.com)

Anatomy17

Organisms74

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs53

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes52

Information Science4

Health Care3

Recombinant vaccinia virus5

Strain10

Monkeypox9

Viral15

Replication12

Vaccines4

Tumor9

Protein8

Vivo and in vitro1

Orthopoxvirus4

Ankara6

Antiviral activity2

Infection11

Polymerase7

Deletion1

Adenovirus2

Proteins5

Assays4

Smallpox virus1

Characterization1

Virions1

Genes2

Mice2

Expression2

Herpes simpl1

Antigen2

Camelpox virus1

Cells10

Humans4

Measles1

Intracellular enveloped virus2

Genetic1

Genome1

Vesicular1

Cell-to-cell spread1

Cytokines1

Efficacy2

Variola virus10

Strains1

Infectious1

Eukaryotic1

Oncolytic viruses4

Immune3

Activity3

Vaccination2

Spread3

Inhibits1

Mammalian2

Morphologically1

Rabbitpox1

Functional2

Evaluate1

Encephalitis1

Antitumor1

Poxviridae1