• On 30 June 22, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) published Test #470: Mammalian Erythrocyte Pig-a Gene Mutation Assay , a Test Guideline (TG) that describes an in vivo gene mutation assay that can be combined with other genetic and general toxicology tests to promote the efficient use of animal resources. (hesiglobal.org)
  • They have been imaged in vitro and also in vivo and ex vivo in tumors from human patients as well as animal models, thus not only proving their existence in the TME, but opening further speculation about their exact role in the dynamic niche of tumor ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
  • While many methods have been developed to screen and evaluate the efficacy of immune cell‑mediated killing, there is a need for a more robust in vitro assay to accurately predict the in vivo behavior of therapies. (technologynetworks.com)
  • T cell subset depletions demonstrated that the in vivo activity of IL-12 was largely independent of CD4+ T lymphocytes, whereas the in vivo activity of a B7-1 rVV required both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to elicit maximal therapeutic effect. (univr.it)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first description of B7-1 and IL-12 cooperation in vivo and represents a novel strategy to enhance the efficacy of recombinant anticancer vaccines. (univr.it)
  • New model systems are being developed to test and optimize various immunotherapy strategies, including bispecific antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, epigenetic modifiers and adoptive T cell transfer both in vitro and in vivo. (upenn.edu)
  • 2-Nitrotoluene was genotoxic in a range of in vitro and in vivo assays, was notably clastogenic in human peripheral lymphocytes and formed DNA adducts in exposed rodents. (gc.ca)
  • Especially in this last field, he has recently published in vitro and in vivo studies on the anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Fusión de las células somáticas, in vitro o in vivo, que da por resultado la hibridación celular somática. (bvsalud.org)
  • Fusion of somatic cells in vitro or in vivo, which results in somatic cell hybridization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Of 66 workers, ≈10% had circulating antibodies or T lymphocytes that reacted with anthrax protective antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, experimental studies revealed that synergistic cooperation of pemphigus antibodies with IL-6 and TNF-α in the pathogenesis of PV. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using T cells from P leads to F1 chimeras, there was a restriction of cooperation with the parental haplotype accessory cells, unless the chimeric mice were repopulated with macrophages of the opposite haplotype before priming. (ox.ac.uk)
  • While these in vitro induced helper cells from chimeric mice show clear genetic restrictions at the T-cell macrophage-like cell interaction, there was no evidence for a matching T-B genetic restriction. (ox.ac.uk)
  • On the basis of the reported synergistic effects of IL-12 and the costimulatory molecule B7-1 (CD80) in vitro, we immunized mice with a double recombinant vaccinia encoding both the model tumor Ag and the costimulatory molecule B7-1, designated B7-1 beta-gal rVV. (univr.it)
  • We performed in vitro functional assays and highlighted a new mechanism of cooperation between cancer cells and one particular subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF).ResultsWe found that specific TME features are indicative of relapse in early luminal BC. (institut-curie.org)
  • While different methods exist to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy products, more efficient and robust in vitro assays are still required to ensure their safety and consistency. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Proliferation was assayed by measuring 3 H-thymidine incorporation (counts per minute [cpm]) of culture lymphocytes stimulated with different antigens and by determining the respective proliferative Indexes. (cdc.gov)
  • Antigen-driven differentiation of naive Ig-transgenic B cells in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Because all steps of differentiation occurred in vitro, they are easily accessible for study. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 1876 - Demonstration that microbes can cause disease-anthrax (Robert Koch) 1877 - Mast cells (Paul Ehrlich) 1878 - Confirmation and popularization of the germ theory of disease (Louis Pasteur) 1880 - 81 Theory that bacterial virulence could be attenuated by culture in vitro and used as vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
  • Requirement for interactions between two subpopulations of T cells for helper cell induction in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Employing cell fractionation with the aid of peanut agglutinin, it was found that at least two subpopulations of T cells are required for the generation of suppressor T lymphocytes in culture. (tau.ac.il)
  • With the aid of genetic markers, it was found that the medullary-type, cortisone-resistant, PNA-negative T cell was the progenitor of the suppressor lymphocytes, while the cortical type cells performed an accessory (regulatory? (tau.ac.il)
  • The generation of 'helper' lymphocytes requires allostimulation for less than 24 hr while the induction of supressor cells requires a longer period of stimulation which leads in the end to predominance of the suppressor effect. (tau.ac.il)
  • We have established a culture system in which naive B cells bearing a transgenic, chicken OVA (cOVA)-specific Ig differentiate to plasma cells in vitro after interaction with cOVA plus cOVA-specific helper T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Although unstimulated B cells survived less than 72 h in vitro, those in Ag-stimulated cultures showed reduced early death, a surge of proliferation at 3 to 5 days, and increased death late in the culture. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Indeed, quantitative histological analyses reveal that "cases" are characterized by significant accumulation of a particular CAF subset (CAF-S1) and decrease in CD4+T lymphocytes, without any other association with immune cells. (institut-curie.org)
  • In vitro studies suggest that goji berries kill many kinds of cancer cells. (gojiberry.com)
  • Dexamethasone inhibits phagocytosis by human trabecular meshwork (eye) cells in vitro, with polystyrene particle uptake reduced from 3.5 beads/cell to 1.5 beads/cell, a 57% reduction [ 3364 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
  • In this mesenchymal subtype, a decreased number of CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were detected, suggesting an association between EMT tumor cells and exclusion of these immune cells from the TME. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits human lymphocyte interferon gamma-production by suppressing natural killer cell stimulatory factor/IL-12 synthesis in accessory cells. (cornell.edu)
  • One focus of the Powell lab is on the generation/isolation high avidity, tumor-reactive T cells from heterogenous tumor infiltrating lymphocyte populations in traditionally "non-immunogenic" cancers utilizing novel T cell capture techniques, and to deeply examine the characteristics and function of these immune cells. (upenn.edu)
  • Both T helper cell 17(Th17) and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell (Treg) belong to CD4 + T lymphocytes, but are different from Th1 and Th2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Experimental evidence has shown that a purified fraction of LEM, rich in shiitake lignans, stimulates the immune system by activating macrophage cells and increasing the proliferation of bone marrow cells, and it inhibits the cytopathic effects of HIV-1 virus in vitro. (meschinohealth.com)
  • The membrane-active drug procaine inhibits the phagocytosis of latex particles by normal monocytes and the proliferation of lymphocytes in an allogeneic mixed leukocyte culture [ 3361 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
  • Representative examples of lymphocyte proliferation results. (cdc.gov)
  • This approach seeks to model cancer immunotherapy in vitro using an innovative microfluidic system. (pasteur.fr)
  • Interaction of GAL4 and GAL80 gene regulatory proteins in vitro. (cornell.edu)
  • Following his return to Geneva, (department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine), he became involved in the study of lymphocyte surface proteins and receptors, and more generally, in the structure of plasma membranes. (eurekaselect.com)
  • A number of cytokines and costimulatory molecules involved in immune activation have recently been identified including IL-12, a heterodimeric cytokine that supports the development of cell-mediated immunity, and B7-1, a costimulatory molecule involved in the activation of T lymphocytes. (univr.it)
  • Feldman, M. / The in vitro generation of suppressor lymphocytes involves interactions between PNA+ and PNA- thymocyte populations . (tau.ac.il)
  • 4,5 LEM has also shown that it increases lymphokine-activated killer (LAK ) cell activity by 42-56.9% in vitro (when combined with interleukin 2), which may be of importance in the complementary support of cancer therapy. (meschinohealth.com)
  • Nature of T-cell macrophage interaction in helper-cell induction in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Interferon regulatory factor 8 regulates RANTES gene transcription in cooperation with interferon regulatory factor-1, NF-kappaB, and PU.1. (cornell.edu)
  • Monomeric GTPases of the Rho and ARF families which are engaged downstream of activated receptors, in cooperation with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase lipid modifying enzymes, can modulate locally the assembly of the submembranous actin filament system leading to particle internalization [ 3345 , 5261 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
  • Thus, maternal milk contains nucleotides that might affect the infant's immune response by stimulating lymphocytes]. (unu.edu)
  • These in vitro, and their expression in these human tumour virus. (who.int)
  • A study in Mongolia showed that patients eating the goji berries had a significant increase in lymphocyte activity and that their blood began to resemble that of much younger persons. (gojiberry.com)
  • Our berries are authentic and were imported by the Tanaduk Institute of Botanical Medicine in cooperation with the Mongolian Goji Farmers Collective and the Tibetan Medicinal Plant Cultivation Program. (gojiberry.com)
  • This eBook highlights innovative tools to evaluate the potency of immunotherapies in vitro . (technologynetworks.com)
  • Representative examples of lymphocyte proliferation results. (cdc.gov)
  • Proliferation was assayed by measuring 3 H-thymidine incorporation (counts per minute [cpm]) of culture lymphocytes stimulated with different antigens and by determining the respective proliferative Indexes. (cdc.gov)
  • In others T cells are expanded from the peripheral blood lymphocyte pool and redirected to recognize tumor antigens by virtue of exogenous TCR or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) genes. (aacrjournals.org)
  • NMF (or macrophages) and particulate antigens directly activate the helper cell precursor (T2) indicating no requirement for T1-T2 cooperation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 1.1 Identity, physical and chemical properties, analytical methods 1.2 Sources of human exposure 1.3 Environmental transport, distribution and transformation 1.4 Environmental levels and human exposure 1.5 Kinetics and metabolism 1.6 Effects on laboratory mammals and in vitro test systems 1.6.1 Systemic toxicity 1.6.2 Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity 1.6.3 Reproductive toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenicity 1.6.4 Immunotoxicity 1.7 Effects on humans 1.8 Conclusions 2. (inchem.org)
  • 2003 . Effect of smoking habit on the frequency of micronuclei in human lymphocytes: results from the Human MicroNucleus project. (nih.gov)
  • 2007 . An increased micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes predicts the risk of cancer in humans. (nih.gov)
  • In one therapeutic approach T cells are derived from tumor biopsies (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, or TILs) and express endogenous TCRs. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 10. Limited importance of CD40/CD40L interaction in the B7-dependent generation of anti-MOPC-315 cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity by tumor bearer splenic cells stimulated in vitro in the presence of tumor necrosis factor. (nih.gov)
  • Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), T cell receptor (TCR) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) engineered T cells, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, is a promising new approach to cancer treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Along with the method of use, the technology encompasses the use of these agonist epitopes in peptide- and protein-based vaccines, with dendritic cells or other antigen presenting cells, or encoding sequences in DNA, viral, bacterial, yeast, or other types of vectors, or to stimulate T-cells in vitro for adoptive immunotherapy protocols. (nih.gov)
  • Of 66 workers, ≈10% had circulating antibodies or T lymphocytes that reacted with anthrax protective antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Meanwhile, CD58 and sCD58 induce metastasis, self-renewal and pluripotency in HCC cells in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For gene delivery into human TILs or peripheral blood T cells we have been using electroporation of in-vitro-transcribed mRNA. (aacrjournals.org)
  • V. Evidence for differential activation of short-lived T1 and long-lived T2 lymphocytes by the macrophage factors GRF and NMF. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These processes lead to the tethering, activation, and attachment of monocytes and T lymphocytes to the endothelial cells [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The plant was extensively examined for its in vitro antioxidant activity, and the preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocols. (hindawi.com)
  • While this process has been studied extensively in vitro , no global understanding of the host response to ticks has emerged. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These organoid systems comprise an robust in vitro system which we are exploiting for the functional validation of putative oncogenic loci which are identified in whole-genome cancer surveys such as TCGA. (stanford.edu)
  • The pure compounds, punicalagin, punicalin and ellagic acid isolated from the extract specifically blocked the HCV NS3/4A protease activity in vitro . (nature.com)
  • Possible theoretical interpretations of the results and their bearing on the detailed mechanism of T-B lymphocyte cooperation are discussed. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 9. CD40-CD40 ligand interactions are critical in T-B cooperation but not for other anti-viral CD4+ T cell functions. (nih.gov)
  • Cell interactions in the immune response in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Tissue cultures with two compartments, separated by a cell impermeable nuclepore membrane (1 micro pore size), were used to investigate the mechanism of T-B lymphocyte cooperation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Clearly T-B cell contact was not necessary for successful cooperation to occur in this system. (ox.ac.uk)
  • INVITRO-CONNECT GmbH offers you a large data base with various in vitro tests and in vitro-services for registration and research & development of chemicals, pharmaceutical substances, cosmetics, biocides, pesticides, medical devices and of veterinary medicinal products. (invitro-connect.com)
  • 15. Differential effects of B7-1 and B7-2 on the costimulation of mouse nonspecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte development in response to anti-CD3 antibody. (nih.gov)
  • The Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 by UNEP, ILO, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, WHO, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (Participating Organizations), following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen cooperation and increase coordination in the field of chemical safety. (inchem.org)
  • INVITRO-CONNECT GmbH and its employees stand for "Better science through in vitro tests (without animal experiments)! (invitro-connect.com)
  • If we have to carry out animal experiments in accordance with these legal requirements, then we spend 3% from our profit to a very competent organization where research is done on in vitro tests, so animal experiments can be replaced by in vitro tests. (invitro-connect.com)
  • Furthermore we also offer all in vitro tests approved by the ECVAM as animal testing alternatives. (invitro-connect.com)
  • We advise and assist you with all the internal expertise and know-how from our entire global cooperation network. (invitro-connect.com)
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