Vitro germ cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Our granulosa-like cells form ovary-like organoids (ovaroids) when aggregated with hPGCLCs, and recapitulate key ovarian phenotypes including support of germ cell maturation, follicle formation, and steroidogenesis. (biorxiv.org)
Throughout this thesis, I analyzed the methylation patterns of germ cells and embryos to determine whether in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization have a negative impact on the epigenetic patterns. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
I did not observe a detrimental effect on the methylation patterns of oocytes and the resulting embryos using in vitro maturation of oocytes and/or standard IVF with in vivo grown superovulated oocytes. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Universal Cardiac Induction of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in Two and Three-Dimensional Formats: Implications for In Vitro Maturation. (biodonostia.org)
The establishment of an in vitro culture system for complete oocyte maturation from the early stages of ovarian follicles is still a challenge. (bvsalud.org)

2004). In vivo and in vitro differentiation of male germ cells in the mouse. (edu.au)
His research group has a translational interest in testicular function with expertise in testis germ and somatic cells employing in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro methods. (chuv.ch)
According to Bloch (1983) who reviewed the literature for the World Health Organisation: 'in vivo and in vitro exposure to purified cannabinoids or cannabis resin failed to increase the frequency of chromosomal damage or mutagenesis' (p412). (druglibrary.org)
More recently, Zimmerman and Zimmerman (1990/1991) concluded that 'cannabis mutagenicity remains unclear', but argued that there was evidence that 'cannabinoids induce chromosome aberrations in both in vivo and in vitro studies' (p19). (druglibrary.org)

Here we report that simultaneous overexpression of two transcription factors (TFs) can direct the differentiation of human iPSCs to granulosa-like cells. (biorxiv.org)
Using a novel iterative framework developed in a companion manuscript, we have analyzed single-cell RNA-seq data obtained from mouse embryonic stem cells taken at various time points during early germ layer differentiation to identify cell types as well as the lineage relationships between these individual cell types. (harvard.edu)
This allowed us to essentially map out a lineage tree in gene expression space that describes the continuous gene expression dynamics of early germ layer differentiation. (harvard.edu)
Our findings reveal that cell types found during early in vitro germ layer differentiation are discrete both transcriptionally as well as functionally. (harvard.edu)
However, the cells are limited in proliferation, a property that may allow direct differentiation with reduced tumorigenesis. (ca.gov)
These findings may provide an additional means to evaluate human germ cell differentiation in vitro, particularly in the context of pluripotent stem cell-derived germ cell development, and contribute to our understanding of the epigenetic requirements of the reprogramming process. (ca.gov)
Perivascular Mesenchymal Stem Cells From the Adult Human Brain Harbor No Instrinsic Neuroectodermal but High Mesodermal Differentiation Potential. (biodonostia.org)
Within the tooth bud created by this process, a differentiation of various cell types occurs: the enamel organ, the dental papilla, and the dental lamina. (bionity.com)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)

In a total of 141 sperm samples from couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) including 106 with male factor or combined infertility and 28 with female infertility, I detected a significant correlation between lower quality of semen parameters (sperm count, percentage of abnormal sperm, and percentage of motile sperm) and the rate of imprinting errors. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The most effective treatment is usually in vitro fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (msdmanuals.com)

Whereas efficient protocols exist for generating human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) from human iPSCs, a method of generating granulosa cells has been elusive. (biorxiv.org)
In its race to advance assisted reproduction and stem cell associated technologies to save the northern white rhinoceros from extinction, the BioRescue consortium announces a major breakthrough: the creation of primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLSs) from induced pluripotent stem cells of the northern white rhino Nabire. (izw-berlin.de)
The scientists relied on knowledge from the mouse model: In 2016, Katsuhiko Hayashi and his team managed to create primordial germ cell-like cells and finally germ cells from mice that were fertilised in the lab and resulted in healthy offspring being born. (izw-berlin.de)

An improved understanding of the basic processes governing germ cell and embryo development and of the biology of gametes (sperm and oocytes) and embryonic stem cells will enable us to improve reproductive efficiency, generate animal models of human and animal disease and help provide the knowledge base for regenerative medicine, as well as toward the treatment of infertility. (upenn.edu)
Dr. Bernard Roelen of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, explained what can be expected from production of sperm and oocytes in vitro, on the basis of the latest international scientific progress in mice. (wur.nl)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the 'inner cell mass' of an early embryo give rise to all future cells and tissue of an animal, including the primordial germ cells, which ultimately form the germ cells (sperm or oocytes). (wur.nl)
The scientists of the BioRescue consortium have already produced northern white rhino embryos by in vitro fertilisation of oocytes with sperm. (izw-berlin.de)
Crucial to embryo production is the availability of oocytes (egg cells) and sperm. (izw-berlin.de)
Comparison of embryos after natural conception, in vitro fertilized embryos from superovulated oocytes, and embryos achieved through fertilization of in vitro cultured oocytes revealed no dramatic effect on the imprinting patterns of Igf2r, H19, and Snrpn. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
These results provide better insight for the optimization of culture conditions for in vitro follicular development in the water buffalo, which will eventually assist in resolving the limitation of obtaining fewer competent oocytes for the embryo production in the species. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we hypothesize that supplementation of embryo culture medium with extracellular vesicles from endometrial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (EV-endMSCs) may have a positive impact on the embryo competence of aged oocytes. (bvsalud.org)

Even when both ovaries need to be removed, a woman may wish to keep her uterus to allow future pregnancy through the use of in-vitro fertilization. (cancer.org)
Today, this technique continues to form the foundation for research on mammalian embryos, including technologies such as transgenic engineering, embryonic stem cell therapy, human in vitro fertilization, mammalian cloning, and knockout engineering. (avma.org)
This process is called in vitro fertilization. (medlineplus.gov)

Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that the different types of cells found within the structures had similar gene expression patterns to cells found in natural blastocysts or post-implantation embryos. (eurekalert.org)
Dr. Henri Woelders, of Wageningen Livestock Research (WLR) and the Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN) presented on the potential of cryopreservation and use of various types of germplasm in pigs and chicken, focussing on embryos, gonads, primordial germ cells and semen, and including some highlights from the EU Horizon 2020 IMAGE project (LINK). (wur.nl)
Utrecht can do ovum pick-up from mares and collaborate with Avantea, Italy for in vitro production and cryopreservation of embryos. (wur.nl)
These results where can you get clarinex suggest that PAM-distal cleavage by Cas12a To investigate the effect on pole cell expressing endogenously tagged Osk-sfGFP or Vas-EGFP (Fig 3B) to account for loss of nos and pgc RNA detected pairwise by smFISH in granules in pre-pole bud stage embryos. (billfryer.com)
Here, we use nucleofection, morpholino technologies and novel epigenetic factors, which were chosen based on their expression profile in human embryos, fibroblasts and undifferentiated/differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and conventionally generated iPSCs, to reprogram human fibroblasts into iPSCs. (ca.gov)
Last year scientists were able to create model embryos from mouse stem cells that form a brain, a beating heart and the foundations of all the other organs of the body. (yahoo.com)
For his doctoral thesis, Dr. Brinster developed the first reliable in vitro culture system for early mammalian embryos. (avma.org)
From there, Dr. Brinster became interested in modifying the development of animals and their germ lines, and he went on to become the first person to show that it was possible to colonize a mouse blastocyst with stem cells from older embryos. (avma.org)

Endogenous and environmental factors regulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis including spermatogenesis and Leydig cell steroidogenesis are investigated. (chuv.ch)
It is expected that a highly organized intrinsic genetic network is responsible for controlling spermatogenesis in the testis, and that the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism will help us further understand male germ cell development. (biomedcentral.com)
Untreated fishes showed characteristic organization of testicular tissue, with germ epithelium organized in cysts where spermatogenesis occurs. (e3s-conferences.org)

This study supports the utility of male germ cells as sensitive tools with which to assess the biological impacts of whole-body RF-EME exposure. (nature.com)

Mutations in SRY as well as WT1 can lead to diminished expression and function of SRY, resulting in sub-optimal SOX9 expression, Sertoli cell formation and subsequent lack of proper testicular development. (eur.nl)
Using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we studied the development of ProSG, their SG descendants and testicular somatic cells during the perinatal period in mice. (biologists.com)

Women with benign (non-cancerous) germ cell tumors such as mature teratomas (dermoid cysts) are cured by removing the part of the ovary that has the tumor (ovarian cystectomy) or by removing the entire ovary. (cancer.org)
As with epithelial ovarian cancers, it is a good idea to consult with a gynecologic oncologist for treating malignant germ cell tumors, especially because these are so uncommon. (cancer.org)
About 2-3% of all ovarian cancers are germ cell tumors. (cancer.org)
In general, all women with malignant germ cell tumors will have the same staging surgery that is done for epithelial ovarian cancer. (cancer.org)
Patients with Disorders of Sex Development (DSD), especially those with gonadal dysgenesis and hypovirilization are at risk of developing malignant type II germ cell tumors/cancer (GCC) (seminoma/dysgerminoma and nonseminoma), with either carcinoma in situ (CIS) or gonadoblastoma (GB) as precursor lesion. (eur.nl)
Stromal tumors of the ovary include germ-cell tumors, sex-cord stromal tumors, and other more rare types. (medscape.com)
Clinical utility of circulating miR-371a-3p for the management of patients with intracranial malignant germ cell tumors. (cdc.gov)

Ovarian development requires the combination of germ cells and their supporting somatic cells, known as granulosa cells. (biorxiv.org)

Analysis of male germ cell-related cell lines (F9, GC-1 and GC-2) revealed that some of the testis-specific lncRNAs were expressed in each of these cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we arbitrarily selected 26 testis-specific lncRNAs and performed in vitro expression analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that all of them were expressed exclusively in the testis, and 23 of the 26 showed germ cell-specific expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Novel genetic approaches have been implemented to identify and prospectively track primitive germ cell populations in the adult testis of both mice and humans, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo systems. (ny.gov)

Malignant lymphoma - mixed small and large cell: (single agent) 40 to 50 mg/kg IV in divided doses over 2 to 5 days OR 10 to 15 mg/kg IV every 7 to 10 days OR 3 to 5 mg/kg IV twice weekly. (wikidoc.org)
Malignant lymphoma - mixed small and large cell: (single agent) oral cyclophosphamide is usually administered at dosages in the range of 1 to 5 mg/kg/day for both initial and maintenance dosing. (wikidoc.org)
Embryonic germ cells residing in this unfavourable micro-environment have an increased risk for malignant transformation. (eur.nl)
Hodgkin Lymphoma Hodgkin lymphoma is a localized or disseminated malignant proliferation of cells of the lymphoreticular system, primarily involving lymph node tissue, spleen, liver, and bone marrow. (msdmanuals.com)

The data is therefore regarded as conclusive but not sufficient to classify 2-ethoxyethanol as germ cell mutagenic. (europa.eu)
6.1 Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity A major reason for research into the effects of cannabinoids on cellular processes is to discover whether cannabinoids are mutagenic, i.e. whether they may produce mutations in the genetic material in the somatic and germ cells of users. (druglibrary.org)
There is stronger and more consistent evidence that cannabis smoke, like smoke produced by most burning plant material, is mutagenic in vitro, and hence, is potentially carcinogenic (Leuchtenberger, 1983). (druglibrary.org)

On the other hand there is extensive data on in vitro mutagenicity in mammalian cells: positve results were also found. (europa.eu)
in vitro mammalian cells mutagenicity: partially positive. (europa.eu)

Thus, eukaryotic in vitro systems, specifically the wheat germ cell-free system, hold significant promise. (iucr.org)
In this study, the protective effect of a fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) against LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells was studied. (hindawi.com)
A fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) is a natural nontoxic substance which is already used in the human medicine as a supportive therapy in cancer patients under radiotherapy and chemotherapy [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
ENDEXT Technology signifies the wheat germ cell-free protein synthesis technology that was developed by Professor Yaeta Endo of Ehime University. (cbinsights.com)
The wheat germ lysate produced by the technology is free of translation inhibitors, and as a result, it permits remarkably stable in vitro protein synthesis: all that is needed for the synthesis is to add the target mRNA as well as the amino acids and other substrates to the lysate. (cbinsights.com)
The eukaryotic origin of the ENDEXT(R) wheat germ lysate has made it possible to produce a broad range of difficult-to-express proteins including not only those of microorganisms and higher forms of life but also artificial proteins. (cbinsights.com)

This intermediate (I)-ProSG subset translocates from the center of seminiferous tubules to the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) 'niche' in its periphery soon after birth. (biologists.com)
Degeneration and hyalinization of the seminiferous tubules with poor germ cell development is frequently observed. (medscape.com)

In sexually reproducing organisms such as humans, rhinos or mice, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are embryonic precursors of sperm and eggs that pass on genetic and epigenetic information from one generation to the next. (izw-berlin.de)
Because the risk of creating hereditary diseases would increase when the genome of embryonic precursors of germ cells is impaired, and because sensitivities and genotoxic mechanisms of a toxic substance may vary among different cell types, assessments of such a risk would be best performed using human germline precursor cells. (nih.gov)

Schematic diagram of Spermatocytogenesis Wandimu Geneti List of distinct cell types in the adult human body Mahla, R.S. (2012). (wikipedia.org)
Chromatin remodeling is important for the epigenetic reprogramming of human primordial germ cells. (nature.com)
However, the comprehensive chromatin state has not yet been analyzed for human fetal germ cells (FGCs). (nature.com)
Here we use nucleosome occupancy and methylation sequencing method to analyze both the genome-wide chromatin accessibility and DNA methylome at a series of crucial time points during fetal germ cell development in both human and mouse. (nature.com)
Moreover, we find that the distal NDRs are enriched specifically for binding motifs of the pluripotency and germ cell master regulators such as NANOG, SOX17, AP2γ and OCT4 in human FGCs, indicating the existence of a delicate regulatory balance between pluripotency-related genes and germ cell-specific genes in human FGCs, and the functional significance of these genes for germ cell development in vivo . (nature.com)
Although the genome-wide histone modification landscapes of mouse in vivo germ cells and in vitro PGCLCs have been profiled and several germline-specific properties of epigenetic reprogramming have been revealed, the study of genome-scale chromatin states in human FGCs is still challenging, due to the scarcity of materials and technical difficulties. (nature.com)
1998. Protection of human upper respiratory tract cell lines against sulphur mustard toxicity by hexamethylenetetramine (HMT). (cdc.gov)
These factors induced the stem cells to form embryo-like structures for the first time using non-human primate cells. (eurekalert.org)
An in vitro model of human ovarian follicles would greatly benefit the study of female reproduction. (biorxiv.org)
Germ cell cancers can raise blood levels of the tumor markers human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and/or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). (cancer.org)
2-Nitrotoluene was genotoxic in a range of in vitro and in vivo assays, was notably clastogenic in human peripheral lymphocytes and formed DNA adducts in exposed rodents. (gc.ca)
Combined treatment of FWGE and 5-fluorouracil or dacarbazine resulted in a synergistic effect in the HCR-25 human cancer cell line and B16 murine melanoma cell line [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Among these is the isolation of the first line of murine stem cells [ 5 , 6 ] in 1981, followed by establishment of the first human embryonic stem cell lines by Thompson [ 7 ]. (intechopen.com)
Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells using epigenetic regulators reveals a germ cell-like identity in partially reprogrammed colonies. (ca.gov)
A recent study, published in Cell Reports , investigated how human stem cells could be developed to generate lab-grown sperm or eggs to one day help treat infertility. (yahoo.com)
By growing these human germ cells in vitro, the hope is that sperm and eggs engineered in a laboratory could in the future be used , instead of natural eggs and sperm, in IVF treatment. (yahoo.com)
In the studies using lymphocytes, the test item was considered to be non-clastogenic to human lymphocytes in vitro. (europa.eu)
However, the lack of cell culture models of human germ cell precursors suitable for in vitro assessments has been a significant obstacle to understanding the realistic risk that chemical exposure initiates heritable diseases as well as to develop strategies for protecting the genome of human germ cells. (nih.gov)
Normal male germline stem cells exhibit striking phenotypic similarities to adult human germ cell tumor, the pathogenesis of which is also a major emphasis of the research. (ny.gov)
and human spermatogenic stem cell culture to treat azoospermia, and to preserve fertility in pre-pubertal boys undergoing cancer treatment. (infertile.com)
Human primordial germ cell commitment in vitro associates with a unique PRDM14 expression profile. (biodonostia.org)
Herein, we describe a scalable serum-free co-culture system for the expansion of UCB-derived CD34+-enriched cells using microcarrier-immobilized human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as feeder cells. (bvsalud.org)
Between 2012 and 2013, I worked at Maastricht University, on a project on the ethics of research towards developing human gametes in vitro. (lu.se)

The primary mission was to undertake innovative research on stem cell biology, germ cell development, and animal transgenesis. (upenn.edu)
Investigation and development of optimum cell culture media used for germ cell lines both in the laboratory and for use on the farm as assisted reproductive technologies. (upenn.edu)
This work was supported the National Key Research and Development Program of China, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program of CAS, the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, the Startup Fund, and the Dushi Special Fund at School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University. (eurekalert.org)
Yamanaka's Nobel Prize-winning research paved the way for similar in vitro development from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (wur.nl)
During mammalian development, embryonic stem cells undergo cell-fate decisions to commit to one of three germ layer lineages: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. (harvard.edu)
We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. (biologists.com)
A defined synthetic mixture of amino acids, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins and serum was shown to support cells in vitro[ 3 ], thus unifying a major variable in cell culturing experiments and providing a possibility for rapid development of this novel method. (intechopen.com)
Cyclin dependent-kinase 2 (CDK2) plays important functions during the mitotic cell cycle and also facilitates several key events during germ cell development. (lu.se)
If you were to implant this embryonic tooth germ into a patient, the idea goes, it would begin to communicate with the surrounding tissue, thus releasing the entire cascade of messengers and initiating the process of tooth development. (bionity.com)
The development of efficient and cost-effective strategies to generate large numbers of functional UCB HSPC ex vivo would boost all current and future medical uses of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
In all documented biopsied cases, there is a significant decline in germ cell development and an increase in tubular sclerosis by puberty. (medscape.com)

Germ cell mutations were not inducted in male Drosophila- melanogaster. (cdc.gov)
These in vitro cleavage and phage with preexisting mutations may drive further mutation in the target. (billfryer.com)
If it affects the genetic material of germ cells (the sperm and ova), then genetic mutations could be transmitted to the children of cannabis users. (druglibrary.org)
Because germ cells are exclusively capable of passing the genetic materials to the progeny, damages to their genome - either involving DNA mutations or only affecting epigenetic machineries - impose a unique risk of initiating heritable disorders. (nih.gov)

Experimental exposure of rat undifferentiated spermatogonia to doxorubicin and vincristine indicated that these cells are able to respond to DNA damage by increasing their expression of DNA repair genes, and that this response likely partially prevents DNA break accumulation. (wikipedia.org)
More importantly, we also demonstrate that these partially-reprogrammed colonies express high levels of early to mid germ cell-specific genes regardless of the transfection approach, which suggests conversion to a germ cell-like identity is associated with early reprogramming. (ca.gov)

Bruggeman SWM, Valk-Lingbeek ME, van der Stoop PPM, Jacobs JJL, Kieboom K, et al: Ink4A and Arf differentially affect cell proliferation and neural stem cell self-renewal in Bmi1-deficient mice. (karger.com)
Moreover, Dr. Brinster first demonstrated that teratocarcinoma cells could combine with blastocyst cells to form adult chimeric mice, establishing the feasibility of this approach to change the genetic character of mice. (avma.org)

In vitro derivation of gametes. (upenn.edu)
With stem cell associated techniques (SCAT) the BioRescue scientists aim to overcome this bottleneck: By using stored and preserved tissue of rhino skin it should be possible in principle to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPCSs), primordial germ cells and finally artificial gametes. (izw-berlin.de)
Because PGCs are the founder population for gametes, this accomplishment paves a way to produce functional gametes from induced pluripotent stem cells from northern white rhinos which will contribute to the effort to rewind their extinction. (izw-berlin.de)

The occurrence of methylation aberrations in germ cells of infertile patients could be transmitted to new-borns and then cause epigenetic disorders. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Collectively, the results I will present within this thesis suggest an increase in the rate of imprinting errors within the germ cells of infertile patients, in addition to a decrease in genome wide methylation of ALU repetitive elements. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
A prognostic 11-DNA methylation signature for lung squamous cell carcinoma. (cdc.gov)

We have reported that the expression of BMI1 , a member of PcG, in hematopoietic stem cells or progenitor cells predicts the prognosis of patients with MDS and progression to acute leukemia. (karger.com)
Oct4-induced oligodendrocyte progenitor cells enhance functional recovery in spinal cord injury model. (biodonostia.org)
In the context of hematopoietic cell transplantation, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) from the umbilical cord blood (UCB) present several advantages compared to adult sources including higher proliferative capacity, abundant availability and ease of collection, non-risk and painless harvesting procedure, and lower risk of graft-versus-host disease. (bvsalud.org)

immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)

According to their most recent paper published in the journal "Science Advances", the team has now successfully cultivated primordial germ cells (PGCs) - the precursors of eggs and sperm - from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (izw-berlin.de)

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of different matrix with different culture media on the developmental growth of ovarian follicles in vitro. (bvsalud.org)

Boyer LA, Plath K, Zeitlinger J, Brambrink T, Medeiros LA, et al: Polycomb complexes repress developmental regulators in murine embryonic stem cells. (karger.com)

Importantly, our results show that cell types occupy discrete locations in gene expression space and correspondingly, cells exhibit abrupt changes in gene expression profile as they transition from one cell type to another. (harvard.edu)
Taking advantage of the finding that certain locations in gene expression space are more "stable" (i.e., far more cells are found in these locations than expected by chance) than others, we used a novel framework to build a probabilistic model of the underlying gene regulatory network. (harvard.edu)
These models allowed us to make and experimentally test predictions as to how cells respond to various signals and gene expression changes. (harvard.edu)
We identified both gene and protein markers for three temporally distinct ProSG cell subsets, including a migratory cell population with a transcriptome distinct from the previously defined T1- and T2-ProSG stages. (biologists.com)
The method was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals NO.476 'In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests', Method B17 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008 of 30 May 2008, the US EPA OPPTS 870.5300 Guideline, and be acceptable to the Japanese METI/MHLW guidelines for testing of new chemical substances. (europa.eu)

With stem cell biology and molecular understanding of reproductive failure, new therapies for previously untreatable infertility are currently on the near horizon. (infertile.com)

Because of the large numbers, this work provides insights into factors affecting success rates of ovum pick-up and in vitro embryo production. (wur.nl)

Anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin and vincristine can adversely affect male fertility by damaging the DNA of proliferative spermatogonial stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Study and manipulation of male germ line stem cells has implications for control of fertility, large animal transgenesis and genetic preservation. (upenn.edu)
Whereas toxicants that reduce viability of germ cells may diminish fertility, lesions in the genome of survived germ cells may be persistent beyond generations to harm health of the offspring. (nih.gov)

An idea just in the planning stage is to select embryonal stem cells (ESCs) in vitro for phenotypes that may retard aging. (jax.org)

2016) NANOG alone induces germ cells in primed epiblast in vitro by activation of enhancers. (cam.ac.uk)

The division of Drosophila primordial germ cells. (billfryer.com)

These data indicate that this eukaryotic cell-free expression system has a high success rate and that the addition of specific reagents can increase the yield of soluble protein. (iucr.org)

Relating in vitro to in vivo exposures with physiologically based tissue dosimetry and tissue response models. (cdc.gov)
They established culture systems for the southern white rhino, for which embryonic stem cells are available, and the northern white rhino, for which they used induced pluripotent stem cells derived from tissue samples. (izw-berlin.de)
Nobel Prize winner Alexis Carrel performed numerous experiments clearly showing that tissue explants, including connective tissue and heart tissue, could be cultured in vitro preserving their characteristics for prolonged periods of time [ 2 ] supporting the notion that entire organs could be cultured in vitro. (intechopen.com)
HgCl2 induced severe damages characterized by complete disorganization of seminiferous lobules, proliferation of interstitial tissue, congestion of blood vessels, reduction of germ cells and sperm aggregation. (e3s-conferences.org)

In addition to a DNA repair response, exposure of spermatogonia to doxorubicin can also induce programmed cell death (apoptosis). (wikipedia.org)
Germ cell responses to doxorubicin exposure in vitro" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
In Experiment 1, L5178Y TK +/- 3.7.2c mouse lymphoma cells (heterozygous at the thymidine kinase locus) were treated with the test item at six dose levels, in duplicate, together with vehicle (solvent) and positive controls using 4-hour exposure groups both in the absence and presence of metabolic activation (2% S9 final concentration). (europa.eu)
In Experiment 2, the cells were treated with the test item at six dose levels using a 4-hour exposure group in the presence of metabolic activation ( 1% S9 final concentration) and a 24-hour exposure group in the absence of metabolic activation. (europa.eu)
If cannabinoid exposure affects the genetic material of a user's somatic or bodily cells (such as those of the lung, for example) then chronic cannabis use may cause cancer. (druglibrary.org)
The histopathology, germ cell structure and number were analysed to elucidate the pathological process during exposure to increasing metal concentrations (1 μM - 30 μM). (e3s-conferences.org)

Previous studies have shown that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be derived from fibroblasts by ectopic expression of four transcription factors, OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC using various methods. (ca.gov)

We demonstrate that pluripotent stem cells can be derived with novel epigenetic factors. (ca.gov)

Functional in vitro studies showed no convincing protein malfunctioning. (eur.nl)
An alternate hypothesis is that translation of germ granules Our data suggest that, in contrast to earlier nuclear cycles when granules almost always contain at least 1 of the protein and single deletions will cause frame-shifts. (billfryer.com)
Protein binding is approximately 50% and the drug shows no preferential partitioning into red blood cells. (nih.gov)
Distinct Neurodegenerative Changes in an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Frontotemporal Dementia Linked to Mutant TAU Protein. (biodonostia.org)

ESCs are immortal, but develop into normal tissues, including germ cells, after injection into an early embryo. (jax.org)

Results have been read-across from chromosome aberrations studies using CHL cells from three structurally related analogue substances. (europa.eu)

Dr. Marco Seandel's research interests focus on the influence of extrinsic signals in mediating normal stem cell and tumor cell fate in mammals, using the male germline stem cell as a model system. (ny.gov)

Each issue also contains a wide variety of review and analysis articles covering topics relevant to stem cell research ranging from basic biological advances to ethical, policy, and funding issues. (eurekalert.org)
4 ] in 1951 cell culturing has become one of the most widely used methods with exceptional contribution to the advances in almost all fields of contemporary biology - cell biology, genetics, cell biochemistry, physiology etc. (intechopen.com)

In order for them to be developed from stem cells, they need a very specific environment in which signals from hormones or proteins trigger the required morphological and functional transformation. (izw-berlin.de)

A spermatogonium (PL: spermatogonia) is an undifferentiated male germ cell. (wikipedia.org)
There are three subtypes of spermatogonia in humans: Type A (dark) cells, with dark nuclei. (wikipedia.org)

Recently, evidence has been accumulating on the molecular mechanism underlying self-renewal of stem cells. (karger.com)
A mechanism for the segregation of age in mammalian neural stem cells. (biodonostia.org)
This species, however, unlike C. albicans, has been shown to readily develop stable resistance to fluconazole in vitro and in infected patients, strongly suggesting that C. dubliniensis possesses a readily inducible fluconazole resistance mechanism ( 11 - 13 ). (cdc.gov)

Le pourcentage de CD44 dans les lymphocytes T périphériques était significativement plus élevé chez les patients que chez les témoins, comme détecté par la cytométrie en flux. (who.int)

Leydig cell hyperplasia may also occur with aging. (medscape.com)

There is experimental evidence from in vitro studies of animal cells that some cannabinoids, including THC, can produce a variety of changes in cellular processes in vitro (i.e. in the test tube). (druglibrary.org)

Also in vitro, the ES cells can be used to generate various types of cells and tissues. (wur.nl)

Candida dubliniensis shares with C. albicans many virulence factors, such as germ tube formation, exoenzyme production, and phenotypic switching ( 10 ) . (cdc.gov)

In the case of the white rhinoceroses, Hayashi is working in close cooperation within BioRescue with Sebastian Diecke's Pluripotent Stem Cells Platform at the Max Delbrück Center and with reproduction experts Thomas Hildebrandt from Leibniz-IZW, both of them last authors of the paper, and Cesare Galli from Avantea. (izw-berlin.de)
The molecular mechanisms by which such stem cells preserve the ability to switch to a pluripotent state are being investigated. (ny.gov)

This Special Issue will collect and publish original research, short communications, and review articles that will disseminate in vitro studies of livestock species (including but not limited to poultry and pigs). (mdpi.com)
Three in-vitro studies available, GLP compliant, same results. (europa.eu)
Current knowledge of cellular behavior is mainly acquired by studies concerning homogenous populations of cells cultured as monolayers. (intechopen.com)

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) are a plastic-adherent heterogeneous cell population that contain inherent skeletal progenitors and a subset of multipotential skeletal stem cells (SSCs). (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy49

Organisms23

Diseases30

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Maturation5

Vivo and in vitro4

Differentiation9

Intracytoplasmic sperm inj2

Primordial germ cell-like3

Oocytes8

Fertilization3

Embryos8

Spermatogenesis3

Male germ cells1

Testicular2

Tumors7

Somatic cells1

Testis4

Malignant4

Mutagenic3

Mammalian cells2

Wheat germ6

Seminiferous tubules2

Embryonic precursors2

Human23

Development13

Mutations4

Genes2

Mice2

Gametes3

Methylation3

Progenitor cells3

Immature1

PGCs1

Ovarian1

Developmental1

Gene5

Stem cell biology1

Embryo production1

Fertility3

Phenotypes1

NANOG1

Drosophila1

Eukaryotic1

Tissue4

Exposure6

IPSCs1

Epigenetic1

Protein4

ESCs1

Chromosome aberrations1

Mammals1

Advances2

Functional1

Spermatogonia2

Mechanism3

Lymphocytes1

Leydig1

Experimental1

Tissues1

Phenotypic1

Pluripotent2

Studies3

Stromal1