• Based on these findings, they concluded that HHV-6 activation could be detected in vitro or in vivo within 2 to 3 weeks after CAR-T cell product completion. (medicaltrend.org)
  • Additionally, the contribution of Fc effector functions to protection in vivo inversely correlates with viral growth inhibition activity in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrate replication of the chimeric virus in mouse lung with notable pathogenesis. (nature.com)
  • On the basis of these findings, we synthetically re-derived an infectious full-length SHC014 recombinant virus and demonstrate robust viral replication both in vitro and in vivo . (nature.com)
  • The optimal temperature for propagating the isolates collectively to high titers in vivo was 24 °C. Additionally, three established methods for re-isolation of virus from EHNV-infected organ material were compared. (dtu.dk)
  • In this study we developed an ex vivo cultivation system for PRV in Atlantic salmon erythrocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The actual fact that no viral antigens are available on FIPV contaminated monocytes isolated from normally contaminated FIP felines while this appearance profits after in vitro cultivation, is certainly a strong sign that this immune system evasion strategy takes place in vivo [4]. (conferencedequebec.org)
  • Since there is insufficient knowledge about physiologic and pathophysiologic oxygen levels in humans and animals, in vivo characterization is necessary to optimize conditions for in vitro studies and therefore finally to reduce the number of animal experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Understanding the interaction patterns between a particular virus and human proteins plays a crucial role in unveiling the underlying mechanism of viral infection and pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Influenza A virus (IAV) populations harbor large subpopulations of defective-interfering particles characterized by internally deleted viral genomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • During cultivation a significant increase in viral load was observed by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry, which coincided with the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Burney Ml, Ghafoor A, Saleen M, Webb PA, Casals J. Nosocomial outbreak of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by Crimean hemorrhagic fever-Congo virus in Pakistan, January 1976. (health.mil)
  • Usutu virus infection in the new environment, and the fibroblast cells and chicken embryos were resistant. (cdc.gov)
  • a level previously obtainable only using co-cultivation infection techniques. (jci.org)
  • Many medically important and emergent arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) originated in non-human primates (NHPs), which typically show no clinical signs of infection but become viraemic and help maintain the virus in nature [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Virus infection involves several types of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between the virus and its host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous within-host influenza models did not explicitly consider SIPs and largely ignore the potential effects of coinfection during virus infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • While the model without spatial structure fails to reproduce key aspects of within-host influenza virus dynamics, we found that the model implicitly considering the spatial structure of the infection process makes predictions that are consistent with biological observations, highlighting the crucial role that spatial structure plays during an influenza infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • The study of PRV replication and pathogenesis of the infection has been impeded by the inability to propagate PRV in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Al-Nakib W, Llovd G. El-Mekki A, Plan G, Beeson A, Southee T. Preliminary report on arbovirus-antibody prevalence among patients in Kuwait: evidence of Congo/Crimean virus infection. (health.mil)
  • Epstein-Barr virus infection in Desert Storm reservists. (health.mil)
  • However, these antibodies cannot block infection, which implies that antibodies and antibody-driven immune system effectors cannot efficiently clear your body from pathogen and/or virus-infected cells. (conferencedequebec.org)
  • Factors such as weather conditions, cultivation systems, grain harvesting methods all influence FHB infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • References tries, where few resources are available to ensure proper treatment and where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be common. (cdc.gov)
  • Acquisition of human antigens by Schistosoma mansoni during cultivation in vitro. (health.mil)
  • Hepatitis B virus surface antigens have not been detected. (hsanmartino.it)
  • We investigated the susceptibility to Usutu virus vary with the different viruses and host cells. (cdc.gov)
  • The development of human intestinal enteroid cultures enables the determination of effectiveness of disinfectants against human noroviruses, circumventing the validity questions with surrogate virus models due to differences in susceptibility to inactivation and disinfectants.SummaryMetagenomics next-generation sequencing can enhance our understanding of norovirus transmission and lead to more timely mitigation strategies to curb norovirus outbreaks in healthcare facilities. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Assays using PBMCs for virus propagation will permit susceptibility testing of HIV isolates from most patients on antiretroviral drugs to investigate the clinical significance of drug resistance. (neb.com)
  • Cultured cells are excellent hosts for the propagation of many types of viruses. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The optimal in vitro propagation procedure for a panel of ranavirus isolates and the best method for isolation of Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV) from organ material in cell-culture were investigated. (dtu.dk)
  • Bill developed culture methods for silkworm, mosquito and tsetse fly tissues, enabling the propagation of polyhedral virus in the silk worm tissues and Western equine encephalitis in mosquito tissue, and of Trypanosoma vivax in the tsetse tissue. (protistologists.org)
  • Subsequent in vitro cultivation of T cells confirmed HHV-6's reactivation in T cells. (medicaltrend.org)
  • In this study, we aimed to investigate the diversity and complexity of the internally deleted IAV genomes within a panel of plaque-purified avian influenza viruses selected for their enhanced interferon-inducing phenotypes. (bvsalud.org)
  • In 1950, using erythrocyte extracts, Bill successfully devised an in vitro extracellular cultivation protocol for avian Plasmodium. (protistologists.org)
  • In addition, the establishment and recent spread of lineage II WNV virus strains into Western Europe and the presence of neurovirulent and neuroinvasive strains among them is a cause of major concern. (mdpi.com)
  • However, experimental approaches to unravel PPIs are limited by several factors, including the cost and time required, the generation, cultivation and purification of appropriate virus strains, the availability of recombinantly expressed proteins, generation of knock in or overexpression cell lines, availability of antibodies and cellular model systems. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results indicate that group 2b viruses encoding the SHC014 spike in a wild-type backbone can efficiently use multiple orthologs of the SARS receptor human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2), replicate efficiently in primary human airway cells and achieve in vitro titers equivalent to epidemic strains of SARS-CoV. (nature.com)
  • Norovirus outbreaks occur in healthcare facilities because the virus is highly contagious, resistant to disinfection and efficiently transmitted. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Normal disinfection procedures, such as those used in hospital environments, can be adapted for cultivation rooms. (achrnews.com)
  • The air quality inside cultivation rooms can also be controlled using air filtration and positive pressurization, while interior disinfection can be accomplished with chemicals like bleach. (achrnews.com)
  • The 2012 WNV season in the United States saw a massive spike in the number of neuroinvasive cases and deaths similar to what was seen in the 2002-2003 season, according to the West Nile virus disease cases and deaths reported to the CDC by year and clinical presentation, 1999-2012, by ArboNET (Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). (mdpi.com)
  • This could further help in prevention and treatment of virus-related diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diagnosis and Epidemiology of plant viruses and other diseases. (moa.gov.cy)
  • As stated by Kuno & Chang [ 15 ], "The three commonly used data for identifying vertebrate reservoirs for arboviruses have been (i) virus isolation from suspected animals, (ii) relatively high antibody prevalence in the animals captured in the field and (iii) demonstration of viraemia (of higher virus titre and duration) in the suspected animals typically obtained under laboratory conditions" [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although bacterial, yeast, and insect cell expressions systems are capable of overexpressing recombinant proteins, mammalian cells are most commonly used for biologics production due to their ability to propagate human viruses, express monoclonal antibodies, and incorporate post-translational modifications such as glycosylation that are critical to the production of effective biologics. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • impact of closely related viruses on human and veterinary health care, the detailed characterization of the virus is of Until its emergence in Austria in 2001 (1), Usutuvirus high priority. (cdc.gov)
  • Cadi, R. dc.description.abstract: Background: The success of in vitro-fertilization (IVF) cycles is determined in large part by the quality of embryo cleavage, which in turn, is dependent on the quality of the embryo culture media (CM). Many factors can influence the quality of embryo CM, one of which is the levels of Cell Free Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)
  • Accordingly, why was Pasteur such a genius as to discern how the immune system functions to protect us against invasion by the microbial world when no one had even made the distinction between fungi, bacteria, or viruses, and no one had formulated any theories of immunity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Experimental results show that our proposed model works effectively for both virus-human and bacteria-human protein-protein interaction prediction tasks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • He made groundbreaking contributions in the cultivation of insects, developing the first bacteria-free culture system for mosquito larvae. (protistologists.org)
  • Growing viruses in cell cultures allowed preparation of purified viruses for the manufacture of vaccines . (wikipedia.org)
  • With new in-vitro cultivation methods for human noroviruses, candidate vaccines and effective antivirals could be available in the near future. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Before delving into CAR-T cell research, the team examined various viruses known for latent replication cycles and reactivation in T cells. (medicaltrend.org)
  • For dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever viruses, sylvatic (forest) transmission cycles also exist in some regions and involve non-human primates and forest-dwelling mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we review the investigation methods and available data on sylvatic cycles involving non-human primates and dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever viruses in Africa, dengue viruses in Asia and yellow fever virus in the Americas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also present current putative data that Mayaro, o'nyong'nyong, Oropouche, Spondweni and Lumbo viruses exist in sylvatic cycles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Urban transmission cycles of arboviruses in densely populated tropical regions can result in explosive epidemics and pandemics, although there can also be low levels of transmission only sufficient to maintain the viruses in the population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Viruses infect all life forms and require host cells to complete their replication cycle by utilizing the host cell machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Southern analysis of DNA from the nonadherent cells produced by these LTC over a 6-wk period provided evidence of clonal evolution of LTC-IC in vitro. (jci.org)
  • Further studies involving CAR-T cells from four donors revealed HHV-6 activation during cultivation, with increasing levels of HHV-6 nucleic acid over time. (medicaltrend.org)
  • They proposed a model where HHV-6 reactivation is a random event influenced by various factors during cell cultivation and intrinsic differences in host cells. (medicaltrend.org)
  • This suggests that the cultivation time of CAR-T cells is crucial for HHV-6 activation, a conclusion supported by longer cultivation times in allogeneic CAR-T cells. (medicaltrend.org)
  • However, the task of predicting protein-protein interactions between a new virus and human cells is extremely challenging due to scarce data on virus-human interactions and fast mutation rates of most viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used for all virus isolations and to assay for drug resistance. (neb.com)
  • Samples incubated on BF-2 cells at 22 °C for 2 weeks+1 week sub-cultivation (method 1) provided more positive results than the other 2 methods and when using the EPC cell line. (dtu.dk)
  • Samples taken at different intervals of time from suspension cultures of the NCTC 1469 line of mouse liver-derived (ML) cells infected with a mouse hepatitis virus have been studied with the electron microscope. (rupress.org)
  • The experiments revealed that the viruses are incorporated into the cells by viropexis within 1 hour after being added to the culture. (rupress.org)
  • In the cells from the samples taken 14 to 20 hours after inoculation, larger zones of the cell cytoplasm are occupied by inclusion bodies formed by channels or cisternae with their lumens containing numerous virus particles. (rupress.org)
  • In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)
  • We identified the HLA-A2 restricted T cell epitopes from MAGE-A3 that could effectively induce the activation and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells using artificial APC in vitro . (thno.org)
  • Together, the strategy translates metagenomics data to help predict and prepare for future emergent viruses. (nature.com)
  • Towards predicting virus-host PPI, some known interactions of other human viruses collected from wet-lab experiments are employed as training data. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our work suggests a potential risk of SARS-CoV re-emergence from viruses currently circulating in bat populations. (nature.com)
  • In 1913, E. Steinhardt, C. Israeli, and R. A. Lambert grew vaccinia virus in fragments of guinea pig corneal tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissue culture , particularly micrografting and meristem culture in vitro for sanitation of citrus, stonefruits and grapevines. (moa.gov.cy)
  • These data demonstrate the feasibility of using cell-free virus preparations for infecting clinical marrow samples suitable for transplantation, as well as for further analysis of human marrow stem cell dynamics in vitro. (jci.org)
  • These studies led in the 1990s to the successful extracellular (axenic) development in vitro of the erythrocytic cycle of P. falciparum. (protistologists.org)
  • With changes in climate and cultivation practices, FHB has been expanding its range across China, shifting northward and westward from its traditional location in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, making Huang-Huai River wheat growing region susceptible [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the lumen of these tubules or cisternae, which are occupied by a dense material, numerous virus particles are observed. (rupress.org)
  • The virus particles which originate in association with the limiting membranes of tubules and cisternae are released into their lumen by a "budding" process. (rupress.org)
  • The virus particles are 75 mµ in diameter and possess a nucleoid constituted of dense particles or rods limiting an electron transparent core. (rupress.org)
  • An important person in the story is Max Theiler, who was Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health at Yale from 1964-67, and whose work on virus attenuation created the modern vaccine and earned him the Nobel Prize. (brewminate.com)
  • Therefore, to examine the emergence potential (that is, the potential to infect humans) of circulating bat CoVs, we built a chimeric virus encoding a novel, zoonotic CoV spike protein-from the RsSHC014-CoV sequence that was isolated from Chinese horseshoe bats 1 -in the context of the SARS-CoV mouse-adapted backbone. (nature.com)
  • Virus infections cause an enormous and ever increasing burden on healthcare systems worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Computational approaches can assist in vitro experimentation by providing a list of most probable interactions, which actual biological experimentation techniques can falsify or verify. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using the SARS-CoV reverse genetics system 2 , we generated and characterized a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone. (nature.com)
  • An efficient in vitro cultivation system would be a highly desired tool of PRV research. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the lowest decamethoxin exposure of 10 sec the antiseptic virucidal activity was 33% and 36% of control at 24 and 48 h of cultivation respectively. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Here we examine the disease potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is currently circulating in Chinese horseshoe bat populations 1 . (nature.com)
  • However, reading about this work now, I realized that the attenuated Yellow Fever Virus vaccine was made possible by a single random mutation, so that luck had a great deal to do with this vaccine. (frontiersin.org)
  • One vaccine had been generated using Pasteur's principles, the live attenuated Yellow Fever Virus vaccine, which was created in the 1930s ( Theiler and Smith, 1936 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This vaccine was made possible by the cell culture research of John Franklin Enders , Thomas Huckle Weller , and Frederick Chapman Robbins , who were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of a method of growing the virus in monkey kidney cell cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mansonia africana, Coquille- cell cultures and embryonated eggs to Usutu virus infec- tidia aurites ), bird ( Turdus libonyanus , Bycanistes fiscula- tion. (cdc.gov)
  • Patrick Manson, in his tropical medicine text of 1898, referred only to a "germ or virus," though noting that it probably required an interval of time outside the body to render it infectious [2]. (brewminate.com)
  • The data on the representative of decamethoxin short-term action on infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain H120 used as a human-safe model of SARS-CoV-2 virus are presented. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • In this work, we cast the problem of predicting virus-human protein interactions as a binary classification problem and focus specifically on emerging viruses that has limited experimentally verified interaction data. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our approach achieved competitive results on 13 benchmark datasets and the case study for the SARS-CoV-2 virus receptor. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vitro results demonstrated that decamethoxin (100 μg/ml) completely inactivated IBV coronavirus strain at exposure of 30 sec and more. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • The title is given upon the specific cultivation technique applied to produce plant TC. (splashyfishstore.com)
  • The virus limiting membrane is sometimes covered by an outer layer of a dense material. (rupress.org)