AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and Processes
Brugia malayiBrugiaBrugia pahangiFilariasisMicrofilariaElephantiasis, FilarialFilarioideaWolbachiaHelminth ProteinsAntigens, HelminthGerbillinaeWuchereria bancroftiAntibodies, HelminthDirofilaria immitisDipetalonemaDNA, HelminthDiethylcarbamazineMurinaeFilaricidesRNA, HelminthAspartate-tRNA LigaseOnchocercaGenome, HelminthCulicidaeTrans-SplicingGenes, HelminthRNA, Spliced LeaderNematodaHost-Parasite InteractionsSymbiosisCaenorhabditisLarvaAnimal Structures
MicrofilariaeVivoWuchereria bancrofti and BrugiaParasiteFilarial nematodeNematodeParasitesMicrofilarialMacrophagesPahangiLymphatic filariasisPeritonealLymph nodeLeishmaniaMosquitoesWormsIndiaElephantiasisSynthesisInfectionsOccursHostsDoseHumanDevelopmentPotentialCellActiveSpreadApproachExpressionResultsImportantCellsFactors
Microfilariae6
  • The ethanolic extract of the leaves was tested in vitro on adult worms and microfilariae (mf) of B. malayi and the active sample was further evaluated in vivo in B. malayi intraperitoneally (i.p.) transplanted in the jird model (Meriones unguiculatus) and Mastomys coucha subcutaneously infected with infective larvae (L3). (biomedres.us)
  • The ethanolic extract of the leaves of the G. sylvestre was tested in vitro on adult worms and microfilariae (mf) of B. Malayi and the active sample was further evaluated in vivo in B. malayi . (biomedres.us)
  • T cells derived in vitro with Lm show crossreactivity with live L. donovani, less crossreactivity with live L. mexicana, and no crossreactivity with live Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin or live Brugia malayi microfilariae. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Utilizing adults and microfilariae of the human lymphatic filarial parasite Brugia malayi, this project will investigate the biochemical pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism in these filarial nematodes. (grantome.com)
  • The ability of adults or microfilariae to incorporate 3H-arachidonic acid in vitro into parasite neutral and phospholipids has been assessed utilizing thin layer chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). (grantome.com)
  • Wuchereria ban- crofti and Brugia malayi are spread by mosquitoes, which suck microfilariae from the blood. (pediagenosis.com)
Vivo10
  • The present study is aimed to evaluate the anti-filarial activity of Gymnema sylvestre (Asclepiadaceae), against human lymphatic filarial parasite Brugia malayi in vitro and in vivo . (biomedres.us)
  • The findings revealed that the extract from the leaves of G. Sylvestre contains promising in vitro and in vivo antifilarial activity against human lymphatic filarial parasite B. malayi which may be further explored to new antifilarial agents. (biomedres.us)
  • Inhibition of prolyl 4-hydroxylase in vitro and in vivo by members of a novel series of phenanthrolinones. (embl.de)
  • Examples of a novel series of phenanthrolinones are shown to be potent competitive inhibitors of avian prolyl 4-hydroxylase, and of collagen hydroxylation, in embryonic chick tendon cells and human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro and in the oestradiol-stimulated rat uterus in vivo. (embl.de)
  • the influence of the complement (c) system on plasmodial infections in vivo (plasmodium berghei in rats) and in vitro (plasmodium falciparum) has been determined. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • NEB also offers solutions for expressing these types of proteins, either in vitro or in vivo. (neb.com)
  • Alternative activation of macrophages by IL-4 in vitro was described as an opposite phenotype of classically activated macrophages, but the in vivo reality is much more complex. (hindawi.com)
  • His Antigen research includes themes of Cell, In vitro, Cellular differentiation, In vivo and Heligmosomoides polygyrus. (research.com)
  • IL-4 induces Raldh2 expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages in vitro and peritoneal macrophages in vivo . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Much of our understanding, and the definition of M1 and M2, however, derives from refined in vitro cell cultures and it is not known how well these ideas translate to a complex in vivo tissue environment. (ukri.org)
Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia1
Parasite2
  • In vitro production of enzymatically active O. volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase should facilitate identification of specific inhibitors of the parasite enzyme. (embl.de)
  • The study included in vitro synthesis of the active enzyme, the form in which DHS acts on the parasite, and assays to test its activity while screening the molecules that could become novel medications. (fapesp.br)
Filarial nematode1
Nematode1
  • Brugia malayi is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm), one of the three causative agents of lymphatic filariasis in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Parasites5
  • There is a pressing need for new drugs against filarial parasites, such as B. malayi . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to phylogenetically distinct protozoan (Leishmania major, L. donovani, Toxoplasma gondii) and helminth (Brugia malayi) parasites were examined, each of which produces chronic infections in humans yet vary considerably in the nature of the immune responses they trigger. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Adult and embryonic Brugia malayi are shown to be susceptible to inhibitors of vertebrate prolyl 4-hydroxylase, with exposed parasites exhibiting pathologies consistent with a disruption in cuticle biosynthesis. (embl.de)
  • The study detailed the structural characteristics of the protein deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS), found in Brugia malayi, one of the mosquito-borne parasites that cause elephantiasis, and in Leishmania major, the protozoan that causes cutaneous leishmaniasis. (fapesp.br)
  • We began with these two parasites [ Brugia and Leishmania ], but we want to go on to investigate four more organisms including Plasmodium, which causes malaria,' Katlin Massirer, principal investigator of the INCT, told Agência FAPESP. (fapesp.br)
Microfilarial1
  • Studies on the in vitro cultivation and microfilarial production of female Brugia pahangi / by T. C. Ravindranathan. (who.int)
Macrophages1
  • Genes up-regulated in comparison of macrophages exposed to T. gondii versus macrophages exposed to 5 worms/well B. malayi. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Pahangi2
  • presbytis cristatus (silvered leaf monkey) (25%) and felis catus (domestic cat) (7%) were infected with brugia malayi and b. pahangi. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • The use of anti-cat monoclonals in the study of Brugia pahangi infections in cats / by Udeni Nimal Premaratne. (who.int)
Lymphatic filariasis2
  • B. malayi is one of the causative agents of lymphatic filariasis, a condition marked by infection and swelling of the lymphatic system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of the three nematodes responsible for lymphatic filariasis in humans, only Brugia malayi is actively maintained in research settings owing to its viability in small animal hosts, principal among which is the domestic cat. (uga.edu)
Peritoneal1
  • The antifilarial test conducted was at 5×100mg/kg by subcutaneous route revealed excellent adulticidal efficacy resulting in to the death of 65.0% transplanted adult B. Malayi in the peritoneal cavity of jirds in addition to noticeable microfilaricidal action on the day of autopsy. (biomedres.us)
Lymph node2
  • Abscess formation and ulceration of the affected lymph node occasionally occurs during B. malayi infection, more often than in Bancroftian filariasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The data presented here show that Lm-specific CD4+ T cell receptor alpha/beta + T cells can be generated in vitro from spleen and lymph node cell populations of naive mice. (ox.ac.uk)
Leishmania1
  • Leishmania major-specific, CD4+, major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cells derived in vitro from lymphoid tissues of naive mice. (ox.ac.uk)
Mosquitoes1
  • B. malayi is transmitted by Mansonia mosquitoes and is restricted to South and Southeast Asia. (wikipedia.org)
Worms2
  • It is an early manifestation of filariasis, usually occurs in the inguinal area during B. malayi infection and can occur before the worms mature. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eosinophils may have three effects in worm infections: phagocytosis of the copious antigen-antibody complexes, modulation of hypersensitivity by inactivation of mediators and ( in vitro at least) killing of certain worms with the aid of IgG antibody. (pediagenosis.com)
India1
  • Formulation of strategy for eradication of Brugia malayi filarial infection from India : national workshop, 15-16 December 1994 , report and recommendations / compiled & edited by Ashok Kumar, V. K. Raina, Sujeet Singh. (who.int)
Elephantiasis1
  • Elephantiasis resulting from B. malayi infection typically affects the distal portions of the extremities. (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis1
  • Following me will be Corinna Tuckey, who will describe the utility and advantages of the PURExpress in vitro protein synthesis kit. (neb.com)
Infections2
  • Comité d' experts de la filariose (infections) à Wuchereria et à Brugia [réuni à Genève du 25 juillet au 1er août 1961] : rapport. (who.int)
  • Expert Committee on Filariasis (Wuchereria and Brugia infections [meeting held in Geneva from 25 July to 1 August 1961] : report. (who.int)
Occurs2
  • Development and replication of B. malayi occurs in two discrete phases: in the mosquito vector and in the human. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, they can be obtained from the CD44low (unprimed) population of T lymphocytes, indicating that in vitro priming occurs. (ox.ac.uk)
Hosts2
  • Hosts of B. malayi include Southeast Asian cats. (wikipedia.org)
  • For this reason, we investigated the capacity in which dogs may serve as competent laboratory hosts for B. malayi . (uga.edu)
Dose1
  • μg/ml) where it demonstrated 65.0% adulticidal and embryostatic effect on B malayi in Mastomys at a dose of 5 × 100mg/kg by oral route. (biomedres.us)
Human1
  • We recently developed an in vitro assay for monitoring the attachment to and killing of B. malayi Mf by human neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes (PBMCs), however, the levels of both cell to worm attachment and leukocyte mediated Mf killing varied greatly between individual experiments. (uga.edu)
Development1
  • As w Bm is required for B. malayi development and fertility, targeting w Bm is a promising approach. (biomedcentral.com)
Potential2
  • Here in this study, we have tried to explore the inhibitory potential of some of the well-reported natural ant-filarial compounds against the GST from Wuchereria bancrofti (W.bancrofti) and Brugia malayi (B.malayi). (cellmolbiol.org)
  • The results of this study demonstrate the competence of the dog as a host for B. malayi and its potential to serve in the laboratory role currently provided by the cat, while also clarifying the potential for zoonosis in filariasis-endemic regions. (uga.edu)
Cell1
  • An in vitro system, in which one could precisely control the factors shaping early events in the T cell response to Lm, would be very useful. (ox.ac.uk)
Active1
  • En présence d'une infestation active à S. equina , la plus forte réaction croisée a été observée entre les antigènes provenant des stades adultes et microfilarémiques et des sérums humains. (who.int)
Spread1
  • Thus, isolated PMN were co-cultured with Fh Ag and NET formation was visualized by immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy analyses resulting in various phenotypes with spread NETs being the most detected in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
Approach1
  • In silico virtual screening, approach was used to screen the selected natural compounds against GST from W.bancrofti and B.malayi. (cellmolbiol.org)
Expression1
  • generated in vitro from the same individual blood donors were exposed to five different pathogens, and gene expression profiles were assessed by microarray analysis. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Results1
  • Results of search for 'su:{Brugia. (who.int)
Important1
  • In tandem, the student will trial non-transgenic, transient labelling of B. malayi and other medical or veterinary important filariaeusing fluorescent protein-labelling dyes and SuperParamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION). (growglobal.health)
Cells1
  • Restimulation, as assayed by proliferation, requires APC bearing syngeneic I-A. Optimal restimulation of the in vitro derived T cells is achieved only when live promastigotes are used. (ox.ac.uk)
Factors1