We describe the first report of RNA sequencing of 5' capped (Pol II) RNAs isolated from acutely hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected Huh 7.5 cells that provides a general approach to identifying differentially expressed annotated and unannotated genes that participate in viral-host interactions. (mdpi.com)
Viral1
Interestingly, A3G had similar inhibitory activity against a related viral RT (from Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus), but no activity against DNA polymerase I. (umsystem.edu)
Lethality1
However, it was recently demonstrated that TREX1-deficient mice lacking the innate immune sensor stimulator of IFN genes (STING) completely alleviates TREX1-mediated disease and lethality in murine models ( 15 ). (aai.org)
Avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain T): V. DNA polymerase. (wikidata.org)
Sequence1
Tumor virus ribonucleic acid directed deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis: nucleotide sequence at the 5' terminus of nascent deoxyribonucleic acid. (wikidata.org)
Avian1
A study of the relationship of reticuloendotheliosis virus to the avian leukosis-sarcoma complex of viruses. (wikidata.org)
Protein3
The virus therefore requires a mechanism for transporting incompletely spliced and unspliced mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for either protein expression or for encapsidation of the full-length or genomic mRNA. (peerj.com)
In studies investigating the impacts of retaining the E3 glycoprotein on mature virus outside of a host cell, we found this retention of E3 decreases receptor-mediated entry of cell targets that can be rescued on cells containing heparan sulfate suggesting viruses containing E3 on mature envelopes can utilize the E3 protein as an attachment factor. (purdue.edu)
This association potentially serves a role as an attachment factor on virus and presents new binding sites for protein interactions and potential inhibition. (purdue.edu)
Mammalian1
Using non-replicating expression systems that avoid virus-culturing artifacts, we discovered that Moloney murine leukemia virus or baculovirus pseudotyped with the alphavirus envelope spike complex of VEEV demonstrates a pH-dependent retention of E3 on mature virus for both mammalian cells and insect cells through indirect-immunofluorescence assays and neutralization studies using polyclonal antibodies against VEEV E3. (purdue.edu)
Synthesis1
HTBS recruits HIV reverse transcriptase, which nucleates DNA synthesis and is aided in elongation by murine leukemia reverse transcriptase. (nature.com)
Reverse1
To understand the mechanism behind this observation, we applied in vitro biochemical assays, which were performed with four patient-derived reverse transcriptase (RT) proteins isolated from HIV-1B, HIV-1C, CRF01_AE, and CRF02_AG viruses. (umsystem.edu)
Genetic1
Nile virus (WNV) isolates collected during the summer and years, the virus has traversed North America, presumably fall of 2001 and 2002 indicated genetic variation among from New York City, where it was first isolated during the strains circulating in geographically distinct regions of the summer of 1999 (4-7). (cdc.gov)
Nucleotide2
America from 1999 through 2001 set the stage for the Texas shared the following differences from WN-NY99: five rapid and widespread movement of the virus across the nucleotide mutations and one amino acid substitution. (cdc.gov)
geographic distribution of the virus was limited to Africa, Phylogenetic comparisons of partial and complete the Middle East, India, and western and central Asia with nucleotide sequences from isolates collected in the north- occasional epidemics in Europe (1,2). (cdc.gov)
Structure1
This E3-E2 association has been observed to extend to mature virions in the solved structure for the envelope of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and supported by the solved structure for the entire Venezuelan equine encephalitis virion (VEEV) with exclusive contacts being made between E3-E2. (purdue.edu)
Region1
Together, these data suggest that the E3 glycoprotein protects the fusion region of E1 on budded, mature virus dependent on the pH of the extracellular environment. (purdue.edu)
Mechanism1
Virus-helminth coinfection reveals a microbiota-independent mechanism of immunomodulation. (chop.edu)
Group1
A new group of oncogenic viruses: reticuloendotheliosis, chick syncytial, duck infectious anemia, and spleen necrosis viruses. (wikidata.org)
Human1
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is divided into type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2). (umsystem.edu)
Japanese1
Electron microscopic observations on RE virus (strain T) that induces reticuloendotheliosis in turkeys, chickens, and Japanese quail. (wikidata.org)
Entry1
We observed a significant decrease in entry of VEEV versus control Ross River (RRV) virus that does not utilize NRAMP2. (purdue.edu)
Ecotropic2
Recently, the receptor for ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV) was shown to be a very different type of protein, with about fourteen transmembrane domains. (nih.gov)
Previous data have shown that changes in His8 of the surface binding subunit of ecotropic Moloney murine leukemia virus abolish entry and induction of syncitia, but have no effect on receptor binding. (biomedcentral.com)
Retroviruses4
Retroviruses are a class of enveloped positive double-stranded RNA viruses that contain a RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. (medscape.com)
The need to understand these and other aspects of retroviruses has become more urgent with the dis- covery that AIDS is caused by a retrovirus, the hu- man immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (nih.gov)
Although we continue to perform most of these studies with avian and murine retroviruses, we are giving increasing attention to HIV. (nih.gov)
The remarkable specificity of virus-host interactions has been known for over twenty years from studies of the polymorphic envelope proteins of avian retroviruses, yet little biochemical information is available about the receptors or about the nature of their interactions with viral envelope glycoproteins. (nih.gov)
MMLV3
Traditional Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV-RT) is not thermostable and can only maintain its enzymatic activity at relatively low temperatures (up to 50°C). However for cDNA synthesis, a higher reaction temperature is desirable as it reduces RNA secondary structures which can inhibit reverse transcription and it minimizes nonspecific primer binding. (meridianlifescience.com)
55C MMLV-RT exhibits robust performance in one-step RT-qPCR assays detecting RNA viruses with strong secondary structures. (meridianlifescience.com)
55C MMLV-RT was tested in a triplex one-step RT-qPCR assay on respiratory RNA virus targets (Influenza A, MERS-CoV and RSV). (meridianlifescience.com)
20022
Nile virus (WNV) isolates collected during the summer and years, the virus has traversed North America, presumably fall of 2001 and 2002 indicated genetic variation among from New York City, where it was first isolated during the strains circulating in geographically distinct regions of the summer of 1999 (4-7). (cdc.gov)
These results show the geographic clustering of genetically similar WNV iso- deaths attributed to WNV in humans, equines, and birds lates and the possible emergence of a dominant variant cir- documented since the discovery of the virus in North culating across much of the United States during 2002. (cdc.gov)
Encephalitis virus1
PMID- 214400 TI - Transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by Culex bitaeniorhynchus Giles. (nih.gov)
Avian2
Chicken DNA was introduced into monkey cells (presumed to lack avian 250 virus receptors) by co-transformation with a selectable marker. (nih.gov)
PMID- 214398 TI - Characterization of an adenosine triphosphatase of the avian myeloblastosis virus and the virus-infected myeloblast. (nih.gov)
Feline1
Molecular detection of feline leukemia virus in clinically ill cats in Klang Valley, Malaysia. (nih.gov)
Integration2
Assembly of prototype foamy virus strand transfer complexes on product DNA bypassing catalysis of integration. (nih.gov)
Pim (Provirus Integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus) kinases are a family of three serine/threonine kinases involved in cell cycle, survival and metabolism. (umassmed.edu)
Viral3
Overall changes in the host cellular proteome upon retroviral infection intensify from the initial entry of the virus to the incorporation of viral DNA into the host genome, and finally to the consistent latent state of infection. (medscape.com)
Depending on the virus of interest, additional regulatory and accessory proteins are also encoded by the viral RNA that aid in various aspects of the viral life cycle. (medscape.com)
and 5) the regulation of viral gene expression displays many features characteristic of cellular genes and some thus far unique to viruses. (nih.gov)
Cepa de virus de la leucemia murina (VIRUS DE LA LEUCEMIA MURINA) que surge durante la propagación del sarcoma S37 de ratones, y que es causante de leucemia linfoide en ratones. (bvsalud.org)
Influenza1
Then Groupé, at that time, was interested in the usual influenza viruses, the PR8 virus and such stuff, and this is the reason we had a lot of chicken eggs around. (nih.gov)
C57BL1
Methods and Findings In this study, we developed a Spike protein-pseudotyped (Spp) lentivirus with the proper tropism of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein on the surface and tracked down the fate of Spp in wild type C57BL/6J mice receiving intravenous injection of the virus. (biorxiv.org)
20011
America from 1999 through 2001 set the stage for the Texas shared the following differences from WN-NY99: five rapid and widespread movement of the virus across the nucleotide mutations and one amino acid substitution. (cdc.gov)
Vesicular1
A lentivirus with vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) was used as the control. (biorxiv.org)
Herpes2
PMID- 214407 TI - Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in India. (nih.gov)
AB - Antibody activity to Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2) was measured by the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test in sera from 124 women with squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 46 women with non-cervical cancer and 116 matched normal women. (nih.gov)
Term2
PMID- 214405 TI - Long-term T-cell-mediated immunity to Epstein-Barr virus in man. (nih.gov)
The results strongly suggest that the regression phenomenon is an in vitro expression of long-term T-cell-mediated immunity to EB virus which the large majority, if not all, infected individuals possess. (nih.gov)
Gene1
Having reproduced the known Pten KO phenotype using the CRISPR-Cas9 system we design viruses to target a gene that has recently been associated with autism, KATNAL2. (nature.com)