ViralSingle-strandedPolymeraseGenomeViroidsCRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE RNAGenomesProteinsTOBACCO MOSAICapsidReplicationVirologyMoleculesRibonucleic acidPathogensGeneticRibosomalNucleic acidMolecularParticlesGenomicPlantBacterialSpecificityViroid'sDouble-strandedCircularInfectionBacteriaPlantsDistinctMicroscopicReplicateRibosomesStrainsSequences2000GenusRibozymeCucumber mosaiPotexvirusQuantitativeSmallVectorEvolutionFunctionalHumansHepatitis virusesMethodsReverse transcriptionHelperResideDiseases
Viral12
- The last decade has been marked by two eminent discoveries that have changed our perception of the virology field: The discovery of giant viruses and a distinct new class of viral agents that parasitize their viral factories, the virophages. (mdpi.com)
- Labelling with BrUTP showed that peroxisomes were the sites of nascent viral synthesis, whereas in situ hybridization indicated that DI RNA progeny were diffused throughout the cytoplasm. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- In spite of their broad abundance, viruses, in particular bacteriophages, remain largely unknown since only about 20% of sequences obtained from viral community DNA surveys could be annotated by comparison with public databases. (mdpi.com)
- In order to shed some light into this genetic dark matter we expanded the search of orthologous groups as potential markers to viral taxonomy from bacteriophages and included eukaryotic viruses, establishing a set of 31,150 ViPhOGs (Eukaryotic Viruses and Phages Orthologous Groups). (mdpi.com)
- The HDV virions possess an outer layer containing hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) and host lipid surrounding the inner nucleocapsid that consists of viral RNA. (researchsquare.com)
- Using mean-field theory, we explore the role of the secondary structure of RNA on the viral assembly by modeling the RNA as an annealed branched polymer. (escholarship.org)
- The unprecedented wide range of viruses in one protist species and the simultaneous presence of up to five viral species in a single Leptomonas pyrrhocoris isolate indicate the uniqueness of this flagellate. (biomedcentral.com)
- Ribozymes were first discovered in viral-like RNA pathogens of plants (hammerhead and hairpin) or of humans (HDV), and sporadically in metazoan genomes [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is an unusual, single-stranded, circular RNA virus with a number of similarities to certain plant viral satellites and viroids. (medmuv.com)
- The replication process in these viruses produce long RNA carrying multiple units of the viral genome where each unit carries a small ribozymes like hammerhead. (jove.com)
- Carotenoid fortification of zucchini fruits using a viral RNA vector . (cytovax.com)
- A viral RNA vector derived from Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) was modified to express a bacterial phytoene synthase (crtB), and inoculated to zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) leaves nurturing pollinated flowers. (cytovax.com)
Single-stranded7
- Viroids are pathogenic circular, non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules. (degruyter.com)
- Viroids are non-encapsidated, single-stranded (ss), 250-400 nucleotide (nt)-long circular RNA molecules that do not encode proteins (1, 2). (degruyter.com)
- The first part focuses on spherical single stranded (ss) RNA viruses or virus like particles. (escholarship.org)
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV), is an enveloped single-stranded RNA virus which appears to be distantly related (possibly in its evolution) to flaviviruses, although hepatitis C is not transmitted by arthropod vectors. (medmuv.com)
- Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the cause of enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis, is another non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus, which shares many biophysical and biochemical features with caliciviruses. (medmuv.com)
- A tightly condensed single-stranded RNA or DNA of this size will occupy a spherical volume about 90 Å in radius. (basicmedicalkey.com)
- The PepMV genome is a single-stranded RNA molecule approximately 6.4 kb in length, comprising five open reading frames (ORFs) flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) with a 5'-cap and a 3' poly-A tail. (biomedcentral.com)
Polymerase1
- DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. (lookformedical.com)
Genome11
- The bamboo mosaic virus satellite RNA cis-regulatory element is an RNA element found in the 5' UTR of the genome of the bamboo mosaic virus. (wikipedia.org)
- Our results verify that RNA branchedness maximizes the amount of encapsulated genome into a relatively small capsid and makes assembly more efficient. (escholarship.org)
- In the second part, we explore the role of genome on the structure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shells (Chapter 6). (escholarship.org)
- Virus Incompleti 0 domande Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. (lookformedical.com)
- Provirus 0 domande Duplex DNA sequences in eukaryotic chromosomes, corresponding to the genome of a virus, that are transmitted from one cell generation to the next without causing lysis of the host. (lookformedical.com)
- Virus Riassortanti 0 domande Viruses containing two or more pieces of nucleic acid (segmented genome) from different parents. (lookformedical.com)
- The most similar genome to HEV is found in a plant virus, beet necrotic yellow vein virus, and there are similarities in the functional domains to rubella virus. (medmuv.com)
- These regularly spaced hammerhead enzymes undergo self-cleavage resulting in breakage of the long RNA into individual genome segments. (jove.com)
- To assist comparisons with related viruses, there are also representative sequences for every completely sequenced animal virus with an RNA or ssDNA genome. (dpvweb.net)
- For the structure of any virus particle, a central constraint is that the information needed to specify its macromolecular components must not exhaust the genetic capacity of the packaged genome. (basicmedicalkey.com)
- The shell of a nonenveloped virus with even a very small genome must therefore contain a large number of identical protein subunits-at least 60, if the coat-protein gene is to use up less than 25% of the coding capacity in the enclosed nucleic acid. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Viroids2
- We have constructed a database (DPVweb) that contains all sequences of viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa, that are complete or which encode one or more gene. (dpvweb.net)
- Viroids, Satellites and prions Viroids Viruses are simple, Viroids are infectious agents that consist only of RNA. (microbiologynotes.org)
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE RNA1
- Crystal structure of the RNA from satellite tobacco mosaic virus, with an artificial nucleic acid sequence. (uiuc.edu)
Genomes3
- Virus 1 quesito Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. (lookformedical.com)
- The length limitation for this technique could prevent the isolation of novel ribozymes that may reside among the numerous long non-coding RNAs (greater than 200 nt) encoded in bacterial genomes [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Enveloped viruses have, in their lipid bilayer, an impermeable barrier between their genomes and the outside environment, reducing the need for continuity of any protein layer. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Proteins10
- The replicase proteins p33 and p92 of Cymbidium ringspot virus (CymRSV) were found to support the replication of defective interfering (DI) RNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- His fields of research comprise RNA-mediated gene silencing processes with a focus on epigenetic phenomena, including studies on RNA-directed DNA methylation, the characterization of virus silencing suppressor proteins, the development of plant bioreactor platforms and viroid research. (degruyter.com)
- More than 240 million people throughout the world are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), and approximately 15-25 million are co-infected with hepatitis D virus (HDV), a satellite virus which requires HBV envelope proteins for particle assembly and spread [1] . (researchsquare.com)
- Our theory explains, energetically, why a truncated RNA is encapsidated by STMV capsid proteins more favorably. (escholarship.org)
- Mutations causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) often affect the condensation properties of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). (crick.ac.uk)
- Nucleolytic ribozymes (hereafter referred to as ribozymes for short) are small RNAs (less than 200 nt) that function independently of proteins, of which nine classes are known to exist (hammerhead, hairpin, Varkud satellite, hepatitis delta virus (HDV), glmS , twister, twister-sister, pistol and hatchet) each with distinctive folding patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
- They can self-splice without the help of any proteins, whereas nuclear introns are spliced by the spliceosome, an RNA and protein-containing enzyme complex. (jove.com)
- Proteins found in any species of virus. (lookformedical.com)
- Viruses are classified by their current name, and, as far as possible, nomenclature for genes and proteins are standardised within genera and families. (dpvweb.net)
- We have generated a novel tool for the expression of recombinant proteins in plants and for the functional analysis of virus and plant genes. (biomedcentral.com)
TOBACCO MOSAI1
- Chapter 5 demonstrates an application of our theory to satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV). (escholarship.org)
Capsid7
- Microscopic infectious agent that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria, consisting of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, housed inside a capsid. (fao.org)
- Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsid. (uiuc.edu)
- All-atom model of the poliovirus RNA and capsid by Jason Roberts (VIDRL, Australia). (uiuc.edu)
- Collapse of the Virus capsid when the RNA core is replaced by water. (uiuc.edu)
- When found outside of host cells, viruses exist as a protein coat or capsid. (raptureready.com)
- The capsid encloses either DNA or RNA, which is the blueprint of the virus. (raptureready.com)
- Once a capsid attaches to living cell and ejects its DNA or RNA code, the virus germinates and begins its destructive work. (raptureready.com)
Replication7
- This element is thought to be essential for efficient RNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
- Two yeast strains were used, differing in the biogenesis of peroxisomes, the organelles supplying the membranous vesicular environment in which CymRSV RNA replication takes place in infected plant cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- DI RNA replication occurred in yeast cells, as demonstrated by the presence of monomers and dimers of positive and negative polarities. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- DI RNA replication also took place in yeast cells devoid of peroxisomes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The replication of cymbidium ringspot tombusvirus defective interfering-satellite RNA hybrid molecules. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Virus Oncolitici 0 domande Tumor-selective, replication competent VIRUSES that have antineoplastic effects. (lookformedical.com)
- Our experiments have also highlighted virus requirements for replication in single cells as well as intercellular and long-distance movement. (biomedcentral.com)
Virology1
- Virology is the study of viruses which are organism composed of genetic material encapsulated in a protein envelope. (proteogenix.science)
Molecules5
- Similar results were obtained with sucrose density gradient fractions containing RNA molecules of the size expected for ssRNA-3. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- At least in plants, DNA regions that become de novo methylated can be defined by homologous RNA molecules in a process termed RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). (degruyter.com)
- Upon inoculation, mature Pospiviroidae RNA molecules enter the plant cell nucleus. (degruyter.com)
- however, Ribonuclease P can cleave other RNA molecules. (jove.com)
- Recently, a novel molecular mechanism of DMD pathogenesis-circulating RNA molecules-has been revealed through the study of target pathways modulated by the Neutral sphingomyelinase2/Neutral sphingomyelinase3 ( nSMase2/Smpd3 ) protein. (cytovax.com)
Ribonucleic acid2
- The molecular functions of ribonucleic acid (RNA) are diverse and essential in all organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
- Hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid. (cdc.gov)
Pathogens3
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea): Use of high-density latex agglutination test for detection of plant viruses Tien Po (Institute of Microbiology, CAS): Plant Virus Satellite RNA and its roles in Plant Virus Disease Control (Temporary) Tang Jiliang (Guanxi Agricultural University): The Pathogenesis of Bacterial Plant Pathogens Fang Rongxiang (Institute of Microbiology, CAS): Molecular Aspects of Rice Virus The plenary lectures may be changed in case. (bio.net)
- Many trypanosomatid species bear RNA viruses, which, in the case of human pathogens Leishmania spp. (biomedcentral.com)
- The hepatitis viruses include a range of unrelated and often highly unusual human pathogens. (medmuv.com)
Genetic8
- Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus. (lookformedical.com)
- Virus A Rna 0 domande Viruses whose genetic material is RNA. (lookformedical.com)
- Cervera H., Elena S. F. (2016) Genetic variation in fitness within a clonal population of a plant RNA virus . (cnrs.fr)
- Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- Viruses whose genetic material is RNA. (lookformedical.com)
- Virus particles are carriers of genetic material from one cell to another. (basicmedicalkey.com)
- This was the first clue to the existence of biological viruses, genetic entities that lie somewhere in the grey area between living and non-living states. (raptureready.com)
- Early vectors suffered from limitations such as instability and low yields, but this has been addressed by the genetic modification of vector sequences and by delivering virus vectors into plant cells using Agrobacterium tumefaciens [ 39 , 40 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ribosomal1
Nucleic acid2
- A satellite-like nucleic acid of arabis mosaic virus associated with hop nettlehead disease. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Virus A Dna 0 domande Viruses whose nucleic acid is DNA. (lookformedical.com)
Molecular2
- Molecular weight of the infective RNA from leaves infected with carrot mottle virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response. (lookformedical.com)
Particles5
- No virus-like particles have been reported for GRV but infected plants yield infective ssRNA. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Carrot mottle - a persistent aphid-borne virus with unusual properties and particles. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The expelling of virus particles from the body. (lookformedical.com)
- As explained later, an important consequence of this observation (first made by Crick and Watson 56 even before a triplet code had been established) is that virus particles, or their substructures, are usually highly symmetric. (basicmedicalkey.com)
- Negative staining, with uranyl acetate, potassium phosphotungstate, or related electron-dense compounds, gives somewhat more detailed images of isolated and purified virus particles. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Genomic2
- The GB hepatitis viruses (GBV-A, GBV-B and GBV-C). The GB hepatitis viruses were cloned recently and preliminary genomic characterization shows that they are related to other positive-stranded RNA viruses with local regions of sequence identity with various flaviviruses. (medmuv.com)
- Nonenveloped viruses require a tightly packed shell to exclude nucleases or other sources of genomic damage. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Plant8
- Satellites of plant viruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Cervera H., Lalić J., Elena S. F. (2016) Effect of host species on topography of the fitness landscape for a plant RNA virus . (cnrs.fr)
- Hillung J., García-García F., Dopazo J., Cuevas J. M., Elena S. F. (2016) The transcriptomics of an experimentally evolved plant-virus interaction . (cnrs.fr)
- Group one and two introns are large ribozymes that are several hundred nucleotides long and are found in fungal and plant mitochondria, chloroplasts, bacteriophages, and eukaryotic viruses. (jove.com)
- These can be found in many RNA plant viruses, as well as the hepatitis delta virus, a human pathogen. (jove.com)
- 1989. Penicillinase-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of plant viruses. (croptrust.org)
- Plant viruses are useful expression vectors because they can mount systemic infections allowing large amounts of recombinant protein to be produced rapidly in differentiated plant tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
- Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) (genus Potexvirus , family Flexiviridae ), a widespread plant virus, is a promising candidate expression vector for plants because of its high level of accumulation in its hosts and the absence of severe infection symptoms. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacterial1
- Batteriofagi 0 domande Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells. (lookformedical.com)
Specificity1
- However, the role of RBP condensation in the specificity and function of protein-RNA complexes remains unclear. (crick.ac.uk)
Viroid's1
- Presumably, this process involves the interaction between the host's bromodomain-containing viroid RNA-binding protein 1 (VIRP1) and the viroid's TR domain (6). (degruyter.com)
Double-stranded4
- Double-stranded RNA from plants infected with closteroviruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Members of the Pospiviroidae family replicate in the nucleus through double-stranded RNA intermediates, attracting the host RNA silencing machinery. (degruyter.com)
- We surveyed 106 axenic cultures of L. pyrrhocoris and found that 64 (60%) of these displayed 2-12 double-stranded RNA fragments. (biomedcentral.com)
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a member of the hepadnavirus group, double-stranded DNA viruses which replicate, unusually, by reverse transcription. (medmuv.com)
Circular2
- The ssRNA(+), likely transferred into the nucleolus, is finally processed by a type III RNase and a DNA LIGASE into unit-length circular RNAs (8) ( Figure 1 ). (degruyter.com)
- Hepatitis D is caused by a small circular enveloped RNA virus. (pcrdiagnostics.eu)
Infection10
- China is one of the countries with the highest number of hepatitis B virus infections in the world, however, no nationwide cohort study has been conducted to assess the prevalence of HDV infection. (researchsquare.com)
- Thus HDV RNA is the 'gold standard' for the current diagnosis of HDV infection. (researchsquare.com)
- Infection with this more recently identified virus is common in many countries. (medmuv.com)
- The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)
- Newly acquired symptomatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. (cdc.gov)
- Newly acquired symptomatic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (cdc.gov)
- Thus, the incidence of infection with these five viruses is generally lowest in industrialized and developed countries and highest in less-developed regions. (nationalacademies.org)
- The effect of peanut mottle virus infection on growth and yield of peanuts. (croptrust.org)
- PStV infection has a highly variable effect on groundnut yield, depending on the test conditions, cultivar and the virus isolate. (croptrust.org)
- METHODS: From the U.S. Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry, a national surveillance system to monitor pregnancies with laboratory evidence of Zika virus infection, pregnancy outcomes and presence of Zika associated birth defects (ZBD) were reported among infants with available information. (cdc.gov)
Bacteria2
- Virus Delle Piante 0 domande Viruses parasitic on plants higher than bacteria. (lookformedical.com)
- The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Plants5
- Since then, he has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and his main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) in plants. (degruyter.com)
- Since then, she has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and her main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and viroid biology in plants. (degruyter.com)
- Total RNA extracted from surviving plants contained D satRNA, indicating systemic accumulation of D satRNA. (uea.ac.uk)
- Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells. (lookformedical.com)
- Symptoms on groundnut plants vary, depending on virus isolate and groundnut cultivar. (croptrust.org)
Distinct3
- We detected Jaborá virus and Itapúa37/Juquitiba-related virus in locations ≈20 m apart in different years, which suggested sympatry of 2 distinct hantaviruses. (cdc.gov)
- Distinct classes of RNA catalyse biochemical reactions (ribozymes), although the large subunit rRNA and RNaseP ribozymes common to all organisms require protein partners to function [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- V iral hepatitis is caused by at least five distinct viruses. (nationalacademies.org)
Microscopic1
- Microscopic view of infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus cells. (usembassy.gov)
Replicate2
- A non-taxonomic designation for viruses that can replicate in both vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors. (lookformedical.com)
- Virus Helper 0 domande Viruses which enable defective viruses to replicate or to form a protein coat by complementing the missing gene function of the defective (satellite) virus. (lookformedical.com)
Ribosomes1
- Moneran phylogeny is best evidenced by sequence of nucleotides in RNA of ribosomes. (clearjeeneet.in)
Strains3
- Hantaviruses are rodent-borne viruses that may cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans, although some strains do not cause disease ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- Our phylogenetic inferences suggest reassortment in the tombus-like virus owing to the interaction of different trypanosomatid strains. (biomedcentral.com)
- Such viruses are produced in cells coinfected with different strains of a given virus. (lookformedical.com)
Sequences1
- The recruitment of this machinery results in the production of viroid-derived small RNAs (vd-sRNAs) that mediate RNA degradation and DNA methylation of cognate sequences. (degruyter.com)
20001
- 2000). Adams and Kuhn (1977) reported that seed transmission is due to the presence of the virus in the embryo. (croptrust.org)
Genus4
- Helper and satellite may be of the same or different genus. (lookformedical.com)
- Black currant reversion virus (BRV) is the first identified mite-transmitted member of the genus Nepovirus (family Comoviridae ). (bspp.org.uk)
- A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- The disease is caused by the RVF virus, a member of the genus Phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae ). (the-medical-dictionary.com)
Ribozyme3
- However, reporter activity can be confounded by phenomena unrelated to ribozyme-mediated cleavage of RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
- In these assays, the ribozyme sequence is fused to a reporter gene which modulates its activity when expressed as RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
- The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. (jove.com)
Cucumber mosai2
Potexvirus1
- Bamboo mosaic potexvirus (BaMV) cis-regulatory element Potato virus X cis-acting regulatory element Poxvirus AX element late mRNA cis-regulatory element Annamalai P, Hsu YH, Liu YP, Tsai CH, Lin NS (June 2003). (wikipedia.org)
Quantitative2
- Quantitative determination of HDV RNA can be used to monitor the response of antiviral therapy and to determine HDV genotype by sequencing HDV RNA positive samples. (researchsquare.com)
- AmpliSens® HDV -FRT PCR kits are One-Step RT-PCR tests for qualitative or quantitative detection of HDV RNA in the clinical material (blood plasma). (pcrdiagnostics.eu)
Small3
- This increase in the body of data on virophage not only revealed the diversity of the virophage group, but also the relevant ecological impact of these small viruses and their potential role in the dynamics of the microbial network. (mdpi.com)
- Hepatitis A virus (HAV), classified as hepatovirus, is a small, unenveloped symmetrical RNA virus which shares many of the characteristics of the picornavirus family, and is the cause of infectious or epidemic hepatitis transmitted by the fecal-oral route. (medmuv.com)
- They exhibited the typical symptoms of Marburg virus disease, and it was through those infections in that small outbreak that this new virus was discovered. (cdc.gov)
Vector7
- Relations of carrot red leaf and carrot mottle viruses with their aphid vector. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Although it has been sought, arthropod-borne or other vector-mediated transmission of the blood-borne hepatitis viruses has not been found. (nationalacademies.org)
- We explored several strategies for vector development including coat protein (CP) replacement, duplication of the CP subgenomic promoter (SGP) and the creation of a fusion protein using the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide. (biomedcentral.com)
- The possible use of PepMV as a virus-induced gene silencing vector to study gene function was also demonstrated. (biomedcentral.com)
- A stable PepMV vector was generated by expressing the transgene as a CP fusion using the sequence encoding the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide to separate them. (biomedcentral.com)
- Virus -Induced Gene Silencing in Chrysanthemum seticuspe Using the Tomato Aspermy Virus Vector . (cytovax.com)
- Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles-Capsulated Adeno-Associated Virus Vector via nSMase2/Smpd3 , Satellite, and Immune Cells in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. (cytovax.com)
Evolution4
- Virus Evolution, 2(1): vew006. (cnrs.fr)
- Elena S. F. (2016) Evolutionary transitions during RNA virus experimental evolution . (cnrs.fr)
- Hickinbotham S., Hogeweg P. (2016) Evolution towards extinction in replicase models: inevitable unless… 2nd EvoEvo Workshop, satellite workshop of CCS2016, Sep 2016, Amsterdam, NL, 5 p. (cnrs.fr)
- We establish that RBP condensation can occur in a binding-region-specific manner to selectively modulate transcriptome-wide RNA regulation, which has implications for remodeling RNA networks in the context of signaling, disease, and evolution. (crick.ac.uk)
Functional1
- Ribozymes are modular and functional in different RNA contexts. (biomedcentral.com)
Humans3
- They include both DNA and RNA viruses as well viruses from humans and animals. (lookformedical.com)
- In humans the virus can cause several different syndromes. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
- Brian Amman] Marburg virus is a zoonotically transmitted virus that belongs to the family Filoviridae, and it is a negative-sense RNA virus that produces severe disease in humans but also is transmitted from animals to humans and does not produce a disease or severe disease in its natural reservoir. (cdc.gov)
Hepatitis viruses4
- Other viruses, principally from the families Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, Filoviridae, and Herpesviridae , also cause hepatitis as part of systemic diseases, but these are generally not grouped with the hepatitis viruses. (nationalacademies.org)
- Robert H. Purcell is head of the Hepatitis Viruses Section of the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (nationalacademies.org)
- Changes in human ecology and behavior have had discernable effects on the epidemiology of the hepatitis viruses in different ways and to different degrees. (nationalacademies.org)
- It remains the only one of the five hepatitis viruses that has been unequivocally isolated and serially propagated in cell culture. (nationalacademies.org)
Methods2
- Some examples include delivering DNA-free gene editing reagents such as ribonucleoproteins or mRNA, relying on reagent expression from non-integrated DNA, using novel delivery mechanisms such as viruses or nanoparticles, using unconventional selection methods to avoid integration of transgenes, and/or avoiding tissue culture altogether. (frontiersin.org)
- Methods for preserving viruses and other macromolecular assemblies by rapid freezing to liquid nitrogen or liquid helium temperatures have permitted visualization of electron-scattering contrast from the structures in the particle itself and not just from the cast created by a surrounding layer of negative stain. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Reverse transcription1
- Kits contain Internal Control in order to check the RNA extraction, reverse transcription and amplification process and to identify possible reaction inhibition. (pcrdiagnostics.eu)
Helper2
- Aphid-injection experiments with carrot mottle virus and its helper virus, carrot red leaf. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- This virus requires hepadna virus helper functions for propagation in hepatocytes, and is an important cause of acute and severe chronic liver damage in many regions of the world. (medmuv.com)
Reside1
- And that number only includes low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellites that will reside in the ionosphere. (biblaridion.info)
Diseases3
- Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. (lookformedical.com)
- A general term for diseases produced by viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- Groundnut viruses and virus diseases: distribution, identification and control. (croptrust.org)