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CaliciviridaeCaliciviridae InfectionsCalicivirus, FelineSapovirusVesivirusNorwalk virusNorovirusHemorrhagic Disease Virus, RabbitVesicular exanthema of swine virusGastroenteritisRNA VirusesGenome, ViralVaccinia virusPhylogenyMolecular Sequence DataRNA, ViralCapsidViral ProteinsReceptors, VirusVirus ReplicationVirus CultivationVirus SheddingVirus DiseasesOpen Reading FramesSimian virus 40Virus AssemblyPlant VirusesDNA VirusesDefective VirusesAmino Acid SequenceSindbis VirusMeasles virusInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeCell LineRabies virusInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeHepatitis B virusWest Nile virusRespiratory Syncytial VirusesVirus ActivationGenes, ViralAntigens, ViralVesicular stomatitis Indiana virusVirus LatencyHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusOncogenic VirusesVero CellsSimian immunodeficiency virusCercopithecus aethiopsMumps virusParainfluenza Virus 1, HumanMosaic VirusesVirionHepatitis A virusSemliki forest virusAvian Sarcoma VirusesAntiviral AgentsNeutralization TestsViral Plaque AssayVirus AttachmentBK VirusTumor Virus InfectionsViruses, UnclassifiedJC VirusBase SequenceAvian leukosis virusDNA, ViralOrthomyxoviridaeBluetongue virusOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsGene Expression Regulation, ViralSendai virusMoloney murine leukemia virusVirus IntegrationYellow fever virusSimplexvirusTobacco Mosaic VirusRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsMyxoma virusVirus InactivationCowpox virusCytopathogenic Effect, ViralVariola virusRespiratory Syncytial Virus, HumanLassa virusChikungunya virusInfluenza, HumanEncephalitis VirusesDNA Virus InfectionsVirus Physiological PhenomenaHerpesvirus 1, HumanEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsHepacivirusGenetic VectorsHerpesvirus 4, HumanEncephalitis Viruses, Tick-BorneParainfluenza Virus 3, HumanLeukemia Virus, FelineHIV Infections
NorovirusPicornaviridaeNorwalk-Like ViCalicivirusGastroenteritisCalicivirusesFamily of virusesParvoviridaeOrthomyxoviridaeGenusNorovirusesInfectionEnteric virusesLAGOVIRUSRHDVInfectsStrainsAcuteBacteriaSingle stranded RNA virusPathogenSsRNA viruses20021993InfectiousViral familiesFamiliaEncephalitisAntibodiesParticlesSeveral distinctPopulationsMember of the familyRound structured virusesVertebratesPositive-stranded
Norovirus30
Picornaviridae2
  • Caliciviridae bear resemblance to enlarged picornavirus and was formerly a separate genus within the picornaviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • By contrast, when using LP-UV, the inactivation of other enteric viruses, such as the Caliciviridae and Picornaviridae family and rotavirus, required fluence that ranged from 19 to 69, 18 to 43, and 38 mJ/cm2, respectively. (edu.sa)
Norwalk-Like Vi5
  • Norwalk-like viruses' (NLVs) cause outbreaks of gastroenteritis and are spread frequently through contaminated food or water. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, because of the antigenic and genetic diversity of 'Norwalk-like viruses'* (NLVs) and the inability to cultivate these viruses in cell lines, developing assays to detect the full spectrum of NLVs associated with outbreaks of gastroenteritis was not possible. (cdc.gov)
  • Previously known as "Norwalk-like viruses. (hopkinsguides.com)
  • It has long been recognised that noroviruses (previously called Norwalk-like viruses) are one of the common causes of outbreaks of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis. (health.gov.au)
  • Norwalk-like viruses" (NLV), a member of the family Caliciviridae, are the major causative agents of acute gastroenteritis and are genetically divided into two groups, genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII). (edu.sa)
Calicivirus4
  • Diseases associated with this family include feline calicivirus (respiratory disease), rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (often fatal hepatitis), and Norwalk group of viruses (gastroenteritis). (wikipedia.org)
  • Calicivirus infections commonly cause moderate to severe gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines (e.g. the Norwalk virus). (wikipedia.org)
  • The ed States 4 outbreaks of RHD have occurred in domestic, novel virus has been designated Michigan rabbit calicivirus captive rabbits ( O. cuniculi ) since 2000. (cdc.gov)
  • Porcine sapovirus is an enteric calicivirus in domestic pigs that belongs to the family Caliciviridae. (lu.se)
Gastroenteritis12
  • During the early 1970s, before the discovery of diarrhea-causing viruses, an etiologic agent could be detected only among a limited proportion of persons with gastroenteritis. (cdc.gov)
  • Subsequently, with the discovery of Norwalk virus ( 1 ), rotavirus ( 2 ), astrovirus ( 3,4 ), and enteric adenovirus ( 5 ), researchers began to recognize viruses as causative agents of gastroenteritis. (cdc.gov)
  • Although outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis were recognized as a public health concern, electron microscopy (EM) proved to be a tedious and insensitive method for routine examination for enteric viruses in stool specimens collected during outbreak investigations. (cdc.gov)
  • They're named after the original Norwalk virus that caused an outbreak of gastroenteritis in a school in Norwalk, Ohio in 1968. (cdc.gov)
  • Additionally, elucidating the mechanism responsible for the enhancement of the Norwalk virus replicon may provide new insight into the establishment of a cell culture system for the human noroviruses, which is the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks. (umd.edu)
  • The Norwalk agent was the first virus that was identified as causing gastroenteritis in humans, but recognition of its importance as a pathogen has been limited because of the lack of available, sensitive, and routine diagnostic methods. (foodpoisonjournal.com)
  • The prototype strain was identified four years later, in 1972, and was the first virus identified that specifically caused gastroenteritis in humans. (foodpoisonjournal.com)
  • A study published in 1977 found that the Toronto virus was the second most common cause of gastroenteritis in children. (foodpoisonjournal.com)
  • This virus, also known as the winter vomiting virus, belongs to the Caliciviridae family and is responsible for causing acute gastroenteritis. (spartanewspapers.com)
  • Noroviruses are a group of viruses that cause the 'stomach flu,' or gastroenteritis (GAS-tro-enter-I-tis), in people. (oh.us)
  • Noroviruses are a group of viruses that can cause infection of the gut (intestines), called gastroenteritis. (d6driveresponsibly.it)
  • Previously known as Norwalk virus, NoV is a major cause of non-bacterial outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. (thenativeantigencompany.com)
Caliciviruses2
  • The mechanism by which non-enveloped RNA viruses, such as the caliciviruses, escape the endosome, is poorly understood. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • VP2 is encoded by all caliciviruses although despite being critical for the production of infectious virus, its function and structure were, until now, undetermined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Family of viruses5
  • It was declared a member of the Caliciviridae family of viruses in 1993. (medscape.com)
  • This transmission electron micrograph depicts numerous, spheroid-shaped, hepatitis-E viruses (HEV), also known as Orthohepevirus A , which is a member of the Hepeviridae family of viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • It was formerly classified as a member of the Caliciviridae family of viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Noroviruses (NVs) are a genus of the Caliciviridae family of viruses found in 'used' water. (patient.info)
  • It is a member of the Caliciviridae family of viruses that is very contagious and passes easily through direct and indirect contact with an infected person. (completehealthnews.com)
Parvoviridae1
Orthomyxoviridae1
  • We speculate that amphibian viruses often have simpler genomes than those in amniotes, as in the case of the Secondpapillomavirinae and Orthomyxoviridae viruses identified in this study. (spedcoaching.com)
Genus3
  • govirus genus includes several distinct but related viruses affecting rabbits or hares. (cdc.gov)
  • Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a highly pathogenic virus (genus Lagovirus , family Caliciviridae ) that causes rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) in wild and domestic European rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Lagovirus genus also comprises the pathogenic European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV), first detected in Sweden in 1980 [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Noroviruses5
Infection12
  • They are extremely contagious, and fewer than twenty virus particles can cause an infection (some research suggests as few as five). (wikipedia.org)
  • The viruses continue to be shed after symptoms have subsided and shedding can still be detected many weeks after infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • They can be caused by infection with the viruses of foot-andmouth disease (FMD), vesicular stomatitis (VS), vesicular exanthema of swine (VES), and swine vesicular disease (SVD). (wikisource.org)
  • Viral RNA polymerase, a nonstructural protein, has been termed "virus infection associated antigen" (VIAA) for diagnostic purposes but is more accurately termed "FMDV nonstructural protein 3D. (wikisource.org)
  • Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites, and so must deliver their genetic material into host cells to initiate infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ideally, the best HuNoV animal model would use HuNoV or a virus with high genetic similarity that closely mirrors the biology and clinical features of HuNoV infection in an animal host. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Stimulation with a class A CpG oligonucleotide enhances resistance to infection with feline viruses from five different families. (everycat.org)
  • This virus spreads through feces and the vomit of people and animals with infection. (completehealthnews.com)
  • Zoonosis has been instructed for infectious disease E virus (HEV) infection, however thus far relies solely on circumstantial evidence. (technewz.co.in)
  • Generation and persistence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies area unit synonymous with the event of immunity and thought of as correlates of protection against HEV infection. (technewz.co.in)
  • We performed in vivo assays in rabbits to study virus replication kinetics in several tissues at the early stage of infection, and to estimate the minimum infective dose. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results do, however, indicate that known mammalian viruses were present in the intestine as early as 24-48 hours after birth, indicating immediate infection post-partum or possibly transplacental infection. (slu.se)
Enteric viruses4
  • To fulfill this requirement, an appropriate UV dose or fluence (mJ/cm2) is applied to combat enteric viruses in surface or treated water. (edu.sa)
  • There is a need for a cumulative review on the effectiveness of current and emerging UV technologies against various types of human enteric viruses. (edu.sa)
  • In general, as an upgrade to LP-UV, MP-UV is a more promising strategy for eliminating enteric viruses compared to AOP involving LP-UV with added H2O2 or TiO2. (edu.sa)
  • However, more studies evaluating the inactivation of enteric viruses by means of UV-LEDs and UV-AOP are needed to ascertain these observations. (edu.sa)
LAGOVIRUS1
  • Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus Lagovirus europaeus /GI.1d variant (GI.1d/RHDV) was identified in 1990 in France, and until the emergence of the new genotype GI.2, it was the main variant circulating in the country. (biomedcentral.com)
RHDV2
  • In the Unit- ease agent, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV). (cdc.gov)
  • Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is caused by a cali- syndrome virus (EBHSV), which causes disease similar to civirus and is associated with illness and death in up RHDV in hares only ( Lepus spp. (cdc.gov)
Infects1
  • Every time a virus infects a cell, the number of viruses increases more and more rapidly. (hypoair.com)
Strains1
  • Molecular diagnostics now enables detecting viruses in clinical and environmental specimens, linking of NLV strains causing outbreaks in multiple geographic locations, and tracing them to their sources in contaminated food or water. (cdc.gov)
Acute3
  • liver disease} E virus is AN enterically transmitted virus that causes each epidemics and spasmodic cases of acute infectious disease in several countries of Asia and continent however solely seldom causes disease in additional industrialized countries. (technewz.co.in)
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is taken into account associate agent answerable for acute infectious disease that doesn't attain chronic infectious disease. (technewz.co.in)
  • Methodology: The study found that among 129 cases of acute infectious disease, laboratory strategies for identification of infectious disease viruses(A , B and c) were done by victimization assay for detection HBs silver, HCV antibodies and HAV antibodies and every one positive cases of infectious disease A, B and C were excluded. (technewz.co.in)
Bacteria3
  • Agricultural and environmental policies play a crucial role in preventing the contamination of mussels by harmful viruses and bacteria. (spartanewspapers.com)
  • This is because antibiotics work to fight bacteria and not viruses. (oh.us)
  • Viruses are types of germs smaller than bacteria. (d6driveresponsibly.it)
Single stranded RNA virus2
  • HEV is a spherical, non-enveloped, single stranded RNA virus that is approximately 32 - 34 nm in diameter. (cdc.gov)
  • It is a single-stranded RNA virus, member of the family Caliciviridae. (kitpcr.com)
Pathogen1
  • citation needed] Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus is a pathogen of rabbits that causes major problems throughout the world where rabbits are reared for food and clothing, make a significant contribution to ecosystem ecology, and where they support valued wildlife as a food source. (wikipedia.org)
SsRNA viruses1
  • ssRNA viruses exhibit higher sensitivity to UV radiation than dsRNA and DNA viruses. (edu.sa)
20021
  • The emergence of a novel GII.4 virus in 2002/03 led to persistence of the condition into the summer. (patient.info)
19931
Infectious1
  • Aim: infectious disease E could be a microorganism disease caused by the infectious disease E virus (HEV), that is endemic in several tropical countries. (technewz.co.in)
Viral families1
  • We identified 26 novel viruses and eight previously characterised viruses from fifteen different viral families. (spedcoaching.com)
Familia1
  • Familia de virus ARN que infectan a una amplia gama de animales. (bvsalud.org)
Encephalitis1
Antibodies4
  • In the 1970s and 1980s, typing of Norwalk-like virus (NLV) relied solely on immunologic methods involving human clinical samples as the source of antigens and antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • 30% ( n =150) of the sera contained antibodies to both viruses. (allenpress.com)
  • Evidence that preinfection of RCV-A1 may lead to a higher proportion of sampled rabbits with antibodies to both viruses was found at only one site. (allenpress.com)
  • The immune system does its best to neutralize the virus by using antibodies, but it can take the immune system a long time to make enough antibodies to kill all the virus living inside one person. (hypoair.com)
Particles5
  • Infected people "shed" billions of particles of the virus through feces and vomit, and it only takes 1 particle of virus to become infected. (hypoair.com)
  • Soap and water are recommended for cleaning hands because they can lubricate your hands enough to loosen the virus particles and wash them down the drain. (hypoair.com)
  • One problem is that not everyone who carries the virus is symptomatic, but everyone who carries it sheds virus particles, whether they show symptoms or not! (hypoair.com)
  • The Native Antigen Company produce VP1 protein in a mammalian cell expression system, which produces intact virus-like particles (VLPs) of very high purity. (thenativeantigencompany.com)
  • On the other hand, the clustering based on the capsid N/S domain successfully distinguished the NLV as well as the grouping based on the antigenicity, as determined by both antigen and antibody ELISAs with recombinant virus-like particles. (edu.sa)
Several distinct1
Populations1
  • With the addition of these viruses, we expand the global amphibian and reptile virome and identify new potentially pathogenic viruses that could challenge populations. (spedcoaching.com)
Member of the family1
Round structured viruses1
Vertebrates1
  • Amphibians and non-avian reptiles represent a significant proportion of terrestrial vertebrates, however knowledge of their viruses is not proportional to their abundance. (spedcoaching.com)
Positive-stranded3
  • Replication follows the positive-stranded RNA virus replication model. (wikipedia.org)
  • Positive-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) may be a positive‐stranded polymer virus with a seven.2 kb ordering that's capped and polyadenylated. (technewz.co.in)