• The virulence of various strains of Helicobacter pylori tends to correlate with the level of production of urease. (wikipedia.org)
  • there are multiple strains of Bb, each with varying degrees of virulence and an affinity for different organs. (lymedisease.org)
  • Evidently, C. felis exhibits more complexity than what is commonly appreciated, perhaps due to the possible existence of various strains with different virulence characteristics. (uark.edu)
  • Three strains of C diphtheriae are recognized, in decreasing order of virulence: gravis, intermedius, and mitis. (medscape.com)
  • Mutation on these residues can lead to new strains of coronavirus with different degrees of infectivity and virulence. (biorxiv.org)
  • 5 It suggests a strong possibility of generating new strains of this coronavirus and its family with higher virulence and more complicated epidemiology with a D614G mutant as a notable example. (biorxiv.org)
  • Each Candida species holds unique characteristics comparative to invasive potential, virulence, and antifungal susceptibility pattern [ 1 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Although plant susceptibility and pathogen virulence remain essentially unchanged in the same plant for at least several days, weeks or months, the environmental conditions may change more or less suddenly and to various degrees. (gurujistudy.com)
  • Because of age stratification, child-care groups comprise attendees of approximately the same age who have similar degrees of immunologic immaturity and susceptibility to infectious agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Early detection of an influenza virus with pandemic potential will permit identification of viral characteristics (e.g., genetic sequence, antiviral susceptibility, and virulence) that will affect clinical management and public health response measures. (cdc.gov)
  • Virulence can be understood in terms of proximate causes-those specific traits of the pathogen that help make the host ill-and ultimate causes-the evolutionary pressures that lead to virulent traits occurring in a pathogen strain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Virulence refers to the ability of the pathogen to cause the disease. (scroll.in)
  • which refers to the higher floral plants, is considered to be the one of the most dangerous pathogen of this crop. (azkurs.org)
  • As a result, our understanding of the population biology of these clades remains biased, limiting our knowledge of the evolution of virulence and our ability to design reliable assays that distinguish pathogen signatures from the background in the clinic and environment [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the specific context of gene for gene systems, often in plants, virulence refers to a pathogen's ability to infect a resistant host. (wikipedia.org)
  • The greater the virulence, the greater the pathogen's ability to cause the disease. (scroll.in)
  • The infection thrives best in the presence of Candida species-specific virulence factors such as the presence of hyphae for invasion into host tissues [ 19 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Furthermore, Myr confers a significant degree of protection against staphylococcal infection in the Galleria mellonella model. (nature.com)
  • While rotavirus is the most prominent contributor to diarrheal episodes, specifically in infants (0 - 11 months), Shigella's influence grows and becomes the primary contributor to diarrheal episodes as the child reaches the toddler stage of development (24 - 59 months).3 Ingestion of Shigella bacterium results in the luminal infection referred to as shigellosis. (ku.edu)
  • 7-9 This stems from the fact that microbial infection rests on a tripod of microbial virulence, the host immune response and the infective dose of the inoculum. (aipmed.org)
  • Dirty wounds refer to traumatic wounds with retained devitalized tissue and those that involve existing clinical infection or perforated viscera. (aipmed.org)
  • An illness compatible with influenza virus infection (fever >100 degrees Fahrenheit with cough or sore throat). (cdc.gov)
  • Wound colonization refers to nonreplicating microorganisms within the wound, while in infected wounds replicating organisms exist and tissue is injured. (wikidoc.org)
  • Many virulence factors are so-called effector proteins that are injected into the host cells by specialized secretion apparati, such as the type three secretion system. (wikipedia.org)
  • The virulence factors of bacteria are typically proteins or other molecules that are synthesized by enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toxins Many virulence factors are proteins made by bacteria that poison host cells and cause tissue damage. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of virulence related gene expression and computational simulations of pivotal proteins involved in pathogenesis demonstrate that myricetin downregulates the saeR global regulator and interacts with sortase A and α-hemolysin. (nature.com)
  • Shigella's SP is comprised of five essential virulence proteins (MxiG, MxiK, Spa33, MxiN, and Spa47), which are highly conserved across all Shigella species. (ku.edu)
  • This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Iron is an essential nutrient in many cellular processes and therefore required for microbial proliferation and virulence. (bruker.com)
  • We report here that myricetin, but not its glycosylated form, can remarkably decrease the production of several S. aureus virulence factors, including adhesion, biofilm formation, hemolysis and staphyloxanthin production, without interfering with growth. (nature.com)
  • The pathogenicity of an organism-its ability to cause disease-is determined by its virulence factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability of bacteria to cause disease is described in terms of the number of infecting bacteria, the route of entry into the body, the effects of host defense mechanisms, and intrinsic characteristics of the bacteria called virulence factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, strategies to combat certain bacterial infections by targeting these specific virulence factors and mobile genetic elements have been proposed. (wikipedia.org)
  • These virulence factors allow the bacteria to enter host cells and facilitate entry into the body across epithelial tissue layers at the body surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immune response inhibitors Many bacteria produce virulence factors that inhibit the host's immune system defenses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Virus virulence factors allow it to replicate, modify host defenses, and spread within the host, and they are toxic to the host. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some viral virulence factors confer ability to replicate during the defensive inflammation responses of the host such as during virus-induced fever. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, strictly speaking, virulence factors have direct interaction and causing damage to the host cells [ 17 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The morphologies are critical as virulence factors occurring in most Candida species [ 20 , 21 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • LPS (also referred to as endotoxin) is one of the important virulence factors that is known to mediate inflammation and apoptosis ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • India's mean temperature rose by more than 0.5 degree celsius between 1960 and 2009 as a result of several environmental factors, including climate change. (scroll.in)
  • Detection of Hyaluronidase and Streptokinase Virulence Factors from Streptococcus pyogenes. (rjptonline.org)
  • As in the case of the majority of virulence factors, the expression of T6SS is tightly controlled either at transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unlike antibacterials that aim to inhibit cell growth, antivirulence therapies are based on the inhibition of bacterial virulence. (nature.com)
  • However, Rao explained, temperatures above 33 degree Celsius are not conducive to mosquito breeding, which can limit transmission of the dengue virus. (scroll.in)
  • We need to study more to understand the effects on the virulence of the dengue virus. (scroll.in)
  • There's also genetic variation within dengue virus types, with some variants showing higher levels of virulence. (cdc.gov)
  • parasites had been transfected with manifestation vectors including either the luciferase gene (gene (9 54 by electroporation as previously referred to (49). (bioxorio.com)
  • From an ecological standpoint, virulence is the loss of fitness induced by a parasite upon its host. (wikipedia.org)
  • The noun virulence derives from the adjective virulent, meaning disease severity. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a piece in The New York Times, healthcare writer Kevin Sack referred to the "virulent anti-Semite" who carried out the horrific shootings at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh on Oct. 27, 2018. (mlk50.com)
  • In Rostov region there are populations of O. cumana which are the most virulent, with prevalence of high-virulent biotypes in 5 areas (race H, presumably) with high degree of affection of all studied sunflower genotypes. (azkurs.org)
  • We also measured the degree of NF-κB inhibition by piperlongumine and its derivatives in a NF-κB zebrafish reporter line and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (creighton.edu)
  • In biology, "virulence" refers to the degree of pathology, or damage, caused by an organism. (mlk50.com)
  • In most, especially in animal systems, virulence refers to the degree of damage caused by a microbe to its host. (wikipedia.org)
  • Changes in the state of either the host or the microbe can affect the degree of virulence [ 18 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The increasing isolation of non- albicans species suggests increasing pathogenicity of these species with varying degrees of clinical symptoms [ 7 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Indeed, modern genetic analysis indicates an extremely high degree of DNA homology between M. bovis and M. tuberculosis , indicating that they are virtually the same species ( 2 ). (nationalacademies.org)
  • i ) its only significant natural reservoir is humans, ( ii ) it has substantially diminished virulence for most animal species other than humans, and ( iii ) it has developed a survival-transmission strategy that is unparalleled among the mycobacteria: airborne human-to-human spread. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The genus contains the species Corynebacterium diphtheriae and the nondiphtherial corynebacteria, collectively referred to as diphtheroids. (medscape.com)
  • However, there were no genomic data on the Yersinia species with more limited virulence potential, frequently found in soil and water environments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All three human pathogens carry a 70-kb pYV virulence plasmid (also known as pCD), which carries the Ysc type III secretion system and Yops effectors [ 18 - 20 ], that is not detected in non-pathogenic species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Skeletal artifacts indicate that tuberculosis has afflicted humankind since at least 3000-5000 B.C. From the Hippocratic writings and the work of Galen we infer that tuberculosis, referred to then as "phthisis" (translation: "I am wasting") was highly prevalent in the Greco-Roman era. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Tuberculosis properly refers only to disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (for which humans are the main reservoir). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Contaminated wounds refer not only to operations with major breaks in sterile technique or gross spillage from the gastrointestinal tract, and incisions in which acute, non-purulent inflammation is encountered but also open, fresh, accidental wounds. (aipmed.org)
  • [4] The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as infectious diseases . (wikipedia.org)
  • Liver function tests (LFTs): Elevated levels of transaminases precede the appearance of jaundice, and the degree of liver dysfunction in the acute phase may be predictive of the clinical course. (medscape.com)
  • Transaminitis precedes the appearance of jaundice, and the degree of liver dysfunction in the acute phase may be predictive of the clinical course. (medscape.com)
  • The reclassification is based on the degree of homology of RNA oligonucleotides between groups. (medscape.com)
  • BSS-1 possessed a high degree of sequence homology with Leu. (hsp90-inhibitors.com)
  • "Though it's too early to really make any definitive statements about it thus far, it does not look like there's a great degree of severity to it," Fauci said on Sunday in a CNN interview. (rt.com)
  • Dr. Anthony Fauci cautions about making early judgment about Omicron, but says: "Thus far, though it's too early to really make any definitive statements about it, it does not look like there's a great degree of severity to it. (rt.com)
  • A aegypti is sometimes referred to as the yellow fever mosquito. (medscape.com)
  • Virulence refers to the traits required for establishing a disease. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Rather, their Lyme disease complex* often includes other tick-borne infections, referred to as co-infec-tions. (lymedisease.org)
  • 10 The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classifies surgical wounds according to their degree of contamination into clean (class 1), clean contaminated (class II), contaminated (class III) and dirty (class IV) wounds. (aipmed.org)
  • Virulence is a pathogen's or microorganism's ability to cause damage to a host. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability of the 6 isolates for streptokinase production was screened and the results showed that all of them were produce the enzyme with variable degrees. (rjptonline.org)
  • All multicellular organisms are colonized to some degree by extrinsic organisms, and the vast majority of these exist in either a mutualistic or commensal relationship with the host. (wikidoc.org)
  • The appendices referred to in this document can be found in Technical Report 2. (cdc.gov)
  • This work underscores the importance of the acquisition of horizontally transferred genes in the evolution of Y. pestis and points to virulence determinants that have been gained and lost on multiple occasions in the history of the genus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • If you are a patient, please refer your questions to your healthcare provider. (cdc.gov)
  • He attributed the great virulence of the latest fires to the reduced agricultural activity and to new environmentalist fashions regarding the non-cleaning of riverbanks and forests. (unav.edu)
  • He made his Masters degree in pharmacy and PhD in pharmacology at Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. (bruker.com)
  • According to this model, psychic disorders are methodologically organized and both classified and unified according to degrees of contact distancing, which establish correspondences with the degrees of sensoriality and fragility of the self. (bvsalud.org)
  • For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess . (mdpi.com)
  • The standard-setting functions of the Commission are of a special character and require a large degree of autonomy as a safeguard of the scientific integrity and credibility of the Commission's work. (who.int)
  • Apoptosis refers to the self-regulated and orderly death of cells controlled by genes in order to maintain the stability of internal environment ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Even as President Joe Biden's administration has banned travel from eight African nations because of the Omicron variant of Covid-19, White House medical adviser Anthony Fauci has apparently downplayed the new strain's virulence. (rt.com)
  • It differs from the term "contagious," which refers to a disease's communicability. (mlk50.com)
  • Then the religion instituted by Jesus Christ, solidly established in the degree of dignity due to it, flourished everywhere thanks to the favor of princes and the legitimate protection of magistrates. (nobility.org)