• The expression of the major glycoprotein, gp71, of murine leukemia virus was studied on the surfaces of a variety of normal murine cell lines with a monospecific rabbit antiserum raised against purified Friend murine leukemia virus gp71. (duke.edu)
  • Rowe and his colleagues showed that retroviruses can cause leukemia in mice. (wikipedia.org)
  • in 1953, he reported parotid tumors in these mice. (cdc.gov)
  • So in 1956, when Stewart approached Eddy for assistance growing the agent causing parotid tumors in mice, Eddy readily agreed and the 2 women rapidly worked out the characteristics of the agent that was not referred to as a virus in their publications until 1959. (cdc.gov)
  • Lathrop sends mice that developed tumors to Leo Loeb at the University of Pennsylvania , who publishes pioneering papers on cancer. (jax.org)
  • The strain is now valued as a source of embryonic stem cells for making knockout mice. (jax.org)
  • Species of GAMMARETROVIRUS , containing many well-defined strains, producing leukemia in mice. (lookformedical.com)
  • Disease is commonly induced by injecting filtrates of propagable tumors into newborn mice. (lookformedical.com)
  • In vivo experiments confirm epitope-selective cytolysis in xenograft models in female mice using engrafted IGLV3-21R110 expressing cell lines or primary CLL cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • We demonstrate that TRPC6 deficiency in mice not only results in anxious and depressive behavior, but also reduces excitability of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and dentate gyrus granule cells. (afpm.org.my)
  • L. C. Strong breeds a Bagg albino with an albino from Little 's stock and starts the first of many tumor-prone strains, called the A strain, known for mammary and lung tumors. (jax.org)
  • Fresh thymocytes from BALB/cJ (GIX-), C57BL/6J (GIX-), and 129/J (GIX+) mouse strains were also reactive with Friend gp71 antiserum, and this activity, as well as that of an antiserum prepared against purified AKR gp71, were also group specific. (duke.edu)
  • Description: The PK136 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse NK1.1, an antigen expressed by natural killer cells and a subset of T cells in the NK1.1 mouse strains including C57BL and NZB. (thermofisher.com)
  • Several commonly used laboratory mouse strains such as BALB/c, SJL, AKR, CBA, C3H and A do not express the NK1.1 antigen. (thermofisher.com)
  • For detection of NK cells in these strains the monoclonal antibody DX5 (Cat. (thermofisher.com)
  • DNA sequences that form the coding region for the viral envelope (env) proteins in retroviruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
  • The only murine cells tested not detectably expressing gp71 determinants were BALB/3T3 lines. (duke.edu)
  • It took many decades before the seminal contributions of several virologists studying cancers were appreciated, such as Peyton Rous' 1911 discovery of the Rous sarcoma virus (which caused tumors in chickens), and discoveries of Richard Shope (rabbit fibroma) and John Bittner (mouse mammary carcinoma) in the 1930s. (cdc.gov)
  • Abrogation of TGF beta signaling in mammary carcinomas recruits Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells that promote metastasis. (academicinfluence.com)
  • Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus. (lookformedical.com)
  • Here, we use a BCR light chain neoepitope defined by a characteristic point mutation (IGLV3-21R110) for selective targeting of a poor-risk subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Even after Stewart confirmed Gross's findings in 1953, the scientific community still did not acknowledge viral causes of mammalian cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • This is a photograph of Sarah Elizabeth Stewart, PhD, MD (1905-1976), whose discoveries involving the murine polyomavirus with Bernice Eddy, PhD, propelled the then-reluctant field of oncology to pursue viral etiologies of cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • After completing an internship in 1951, Stewart returned to NCI to launch her viral oncology research career. (cdc.gov)
  • To understand Stewart's role in catalyzing viral oncology research, it is necessary to recognize that until the 1950s, scientists dismissed the idea that viruses could cause cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Stewart became medical director of the NCI Laboratory of Oncology and spent the remainder of her life researching several oncogenic viruses (e.g. (cdc.gov)
  • Using viable cell membrane immunofluorescence, most established and early passage normal murine cell lines were significantly reactive with the antiserum, irrespective of neoplastic transformation, strain genotype, or whether they were of embryonic or adult tissue origin. (duke.edu)
  • Several genes of the C-type lectin superfamily, including the rodent NKRP1 family of glycoproteins, are expressed by NK cells and may be involved in the regulation of NK cell function. (thermofisher.com)
  • B cell receptors (BCR) of mature lymphoid malignancies are exceptional in that they harbor tumor-specific-stereotyped sequences in the form of point mutations that drive self-engagement of the BCR and autologous signaling. (bvsalud.org)
  • In 1944, when Stewart requested support to study the link between animal tumors and viruses, the directors of the NIH Laboratory of Microbiology and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) refused on the grounds that the proposal seemed dubious and that she lacked appropriate qualifications. (cdc.gov)
  • The results of their collaboration were picked up by a 1959 Time Magazine cover story, citing John Heller, then the NCI director, "the hottest thing in cancer research is research on viruses as possible causes of cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • As a US Public Health Service Commissioned Officer, her scientific contributions to the study of viral etiologies of cancer earned her the Federal Women's Award, presented by President Lyndon Johnson in 1965. (cdc.gov)
  • The concept of precision cell therapy targeting tumor-specific mutations is appealing but requires surface-exposed neoepitopes, which is a rarity in cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • These data provide the basis for advanced approaches of resistance-preventive and biomarker-guided cellular targeting of functionally relevant lymphoma driver mutations sparing normal B cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Applications Reported: PK136 has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis, depletion of NK cells, and in vitro functional studies. (thermofisher.com)
  • George D. Snell of The Jackson Laboratory won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions. (jax.org)
  • NK1.1 (Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B, member 1, KLRB1, NKR-P1A, CD161, cluster of differentiation 161), refers to Natural Killer (NK) cells, lymphocytes that mediate cytotoxicity and secrete cytokines after immune stimulation. (thermofisher.com)
  • Together they showed that the virus produced 20 types of mouse tumors and could cause tumors in other small mammals. (cdc.gov)
  • We further demonstrate in two humanized mouse models lack of cytotoxicity towards human B cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • They are usually synthesized as protein precursors (POLYPROTEINS) and later cleaved into the final viral envelope glycoproteins by a viral protease. (lookformedical.com)
  • He was among the first "to recognize the role of the immune response in the pathogenesis of murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis. (wikipedia.org)
  • TGF-beta and immune cells: an important regulatory axis in the tumor microenvironment and progression. (academicinfluence.com)
  • A highly immunogenic tumor transfected with a murine transforming growth factor type beta 1 cDNA escapes immune surveillance. (academicinfluence.com)
  • They also demonstrated that the virus causes cell necrosis and proliferation in cell culture, that it is highly antigenic, and that it leads to formation of specific antibodies in infected animals whether or not tumors develop. (cdc.gov)
  • Gp120 binds to cells expressing CD4 cell-surface antigens, most notably T4-lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. (lookformedical.com)
  • The N-terminal part of gp41 is thought to be involved in CELL FUSION with the CD4 ANTIGENS of T4 LYMPHOCYTES, leading to syncytial formation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Viral and Mycoplasmal Infections of Laboratory Rodents: Effects on Biomedical Research. (wikipedia.org)
  • We develop murine and humanized CAR constructs expressed in T cells from healthy donors and CLL patients that eradicate IGLV3-21R110 expressing cell lines and primary CLL cells, but neither cells expressing the non-pathogenic IGLV3-21G110 light chain nor polyclonal healthy B cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. (lookformedical.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Immunofluorescent analysis of expression of the RNA tumor virus major glycoprotein, gp71, on the surfaces of normal murine cells. (duke.edu)
  • Although some Friend gp71 interspecies reactivity was discernible on normal murine cells, the principal reactivity was shown to be group specific. (duke.edu)
  • Simultaneous staining of C57BL/6 spleen cells with PK136 and DX5 reveals coexpression of both markers by a majority of cells as well as presence of small populations of DX5+PK136- and DX5-PK136+ cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • Growth inhibitor from BSC-1 cells closely related to platelet type beta transforming growth factor. (academicinfluence.com)
  • A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
  • The products are usually synthesized as protein precursors or POLYPROTEINS, which are then cleaved by viral proteases to yield the final products. (lookformedical.com)
  • External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • In 1954, Eddy had been sidelined for whistleblowing about the presence of live virus in Jonas Salk's inactivated polio vaccine (the infamous Cutter incident). (cdc.gov)