Viral gene expression regulation bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

Transcription factors are the proteins which control gene expression, and they can either increase (i.e. an activator) or decrease (i.e. a repressor) expression. (wikipedia.org)
The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
Interestingly, also the redox state of bacterial and viral proteins depends on host cell-mediated redox reactions that are critical for invasion and infection. (bvsalud.org)
Light effects on the expression of nuclear genes for plastid proteins and for the 18S, 5.8S and 25S ribosomal RNAs are discussed, together with some recent information concerning the expression of chloroplast genes in developing plastids. (ncsu.edu)
Phytochrome Regulation of Greening in Pisum: Chlorophyll Accumulation and Abundance of mRNA for the Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b Binding Proteins. (ncsu.edu)
Soybean gene functions cannot be easily interrogated through transgenic disruption (knock-out) of genes-of-interest, or transgenic overexpression of proteins-of-interest, because soybean transformation is time-consuming and technically challenging. (researchsquare.com)
Meanwhile, FZ supported systemic expression of fluorescent proteins mNeonGreen and mCherry in N. benthamiana and soybean. (researchsquare.com)
The heterochromatin-enriched HP1 proteins play a critical role in regulation of transcription. (cipsm.de)
Plastid-specific ribosomal proteins (PSRPs) have been proposed to play roles in the light-dependent regulation of chloroplast translation. (cipsm.de)
The production of biologics relies significantly on expression vectors, which serve as vehicles to introduce foreign genes into host cells for the expression of recombinant proteins. (reportsanddata.com)
Both the production of recombinant proteins and the development of in vitro diagnostic assays for drug research heavily rely on the utilization of expression vectors. (reportsanddata.com)
Plasmid vectors are commonly used in gene therapy, vaccine development, and the production of recombinant proteins. (reportsanddata.com)
L genes encode viral capsid proteins. (medscape.com)
E proteins made by the viral genome promote the activation of host DNA replication mechanisms that can then be used by the virus during its own replication. (medscape.com)
Disruption of E1 and E2 allows for dysregulated downstream genes and the expression of E6 and E7 proteins, which are selectively maintained in virally induced tumors. (medscape.com)
In other words, molecular biology is an interdisciplinary approach to understanding biological functions and regulation at the level of molecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates. (agroacademics.com)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Simultaneously, social stress is associated with the down-regulation of anti-viral gene products including interferon type 1 and specific antibody isotypes (e.g. immunoglobulin G). This pattern of up-regulated pro-inflammatory transcription coupled with down-regulated anti-viral transcription challenged the previously held belief that social stress was generally immunosuppressive. (wikipedia.org)
For example catecholamines, the class of neurotransmitters that includes dopamine and norepinephrine, have been linked with responses to acute stressors including the fight-or-flight response, and also appear to modulate the transcription of multiple transcription factors that impact inflammatory and anti-viral genes. (wikipedia.org)
Transcription of inflammatory genes in innate immune cells is coordinately regulated by transcription factors, including NF-κB, and chromatin modifiers. (cnrs.fr)
Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor E2F6, a member of the polycomb repressive complex 1.6 (PRC1.6), is critical to target and initiate epigenetic silencing at germline genes in early embryogenesis. (cnrs.fr)
Transcription of the wheat chloroplast gene that encodes the 32 kd polypeptide. (ncsu.edu)
The ratio between AR1 RNA and the major leftward RNA was constant and was used to normalize AR1 transcription for viral DNA copy number. (ncsu.edu)
One CCGG site 164 base-pairs upstream from the start of transcription is preferentially unmethylated in some genes. (ncsu.edu)
It is concluded that cytosine methylation in rDNA is regulated and that the methylation pattern correlates with the transcription potential of an rRNA gene. (ncsu.edu)
This study indicates that chloroplast genes are often grouped into multigene transcriptional units which can be cotranscribed, and that light-stimulated plastid development involves changes in the relative abundance of the overlapping RNAs of different length that result from transcription of these genes or gene clusters. (ncsu.edu)
Finally, FZ-mediated expression of the Arabidopsis transcription factor MYB75 caused N. benthamiana to bear brown leaves and purple, twisted flowers, indicating that MYB75 retained the function of activating anthocyanin synthesis pathways in a different plant. (researchsquare.com)
Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
E1 protein has helicase activity for replication, and E2 encodes DNA-binding protein for regulation of transcription. (medscape.com)
Upon recruitment by TLRs, MyD88 activates NF-κB, which leads to the subsequent transcription and expression of inflammatory genes such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 Palti [5]. (biomedres.us)
Desogestrel binds intracellular progesterone receptors in progesterone responsive tissue and the resultant complex interacts with DNA and results in either gene transcription or gene repression. (medindex.am)
NFkB is a nuclear transcription factor activated by various extra and intracellular stimuli such as cytokines, UV radiation, stress, in injury, and by bacterial and viral products. (thermofisher.com)
Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

From an evolutionary perspective, the frequent social contact of homo-sapiens increases the probability of viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
In conditions of social stress however, the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression prepares the body to better deal with bodily injury and bacterial infection which is more likely under conditions of social stress either through hostile human contact, or increased predatory vulnerability due to separation from the social group. (wikipedia.org)
Concurrently, the down-regulation of anti-viral gene expression leaves the individual more vulnerable to viral infection such as the flu and the common cold. (wikipedia.org)
By recruiting SWI/SNF chromatin remodellers to IκB-ζ, transcriptional coactivator for NF-κB, the conserved nuclear protein Akirin2 stimulates pro-inflammatory gene promoters in mouse macrophages during innate immune responses to viral or bacterial infection. (cnrs.fr)
Cell biology approaches will next be used to determine the consequence of the interaction in the viral infection, cell signaling pathways and the host pathogenesis both in macrophages and in vivo. (usda.gov)
While 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)-like gene was upregulated at the 6th hour post infection up to 3.3 fold, Mx protein was downregulated marginally. (usda.gov)
Expression of IFN-inducible protein IP-30 was suppressed up to 2.4 fold but that of interferon-inducible 58 kDa with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT-5) was increased up to 20.1 fold in the early stage of infection (6 hrs post infection). (usda.gov)
While the IFN beta expression was increased up to 1.7 fold 12 hrs post infection, interferon gamma expression did not change. (usda.gov)
Here we found that the regulation of natural killer (NK) cell function by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was required for host survival after infection with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV). (nature.com)
Mechanistically, endogenous glucocorticoids produced shortly after infection induced selective and tissue-specific expression of the checkpoint receptor PD-1 on NK cells. (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Organ-specific glucocorticoid regulation of the production of IFN-γ by NCR1 + ILCs in the spleen and liver after infection with MCMV. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Infection with MCMV induces glucocorticoid-dependent PD-1 expression in spleen NK cells. (nature.com)
Prior to developing the condition, most people with Guillain-Barré syndrome have a bacterial or viral infection. (medlineplus.gov)
Improved Zn status may also reduce the risk of bacterial co‑infection by improving mucociliary clearance and barrier function of the respiratory epithelium, as well as direct antibacterial effects against S. pneumoniae. (spandidos-publications.com)

Research opportunities in the department are in the areas of protein structure and function, enzyme reaction mechanisms, regulation of gene expression, mechanism of hormone action and cell signaling, enzymology and mechanisms of DNA replication and repair, cell cycle regulation, control of cell growth, molecular biology of the cancer process, molecular neurobiology, and the genetics and biochemistry of bacterial and viral pathogens. (nymc.edu)
Viral replication leads to the host entering an immune-compromised state, evolving towards subsequent bacteraemia by opportunistic bacteria. (nature.com)
It inhibits the viral replication early on while also reducing the resultant hyper-inflammation that's associated with severe complications. (glowluxe.ca)
All HPV subtypes contain early (E) genes and late (L) genes, which are essential to viral integration and replication. (medscape.com)
E genes are responsible for episomal replication. (medscape.com)
This inhibition leads to a decrease in DNA synthesis during bacterial replication, resulting in cell growth inhibition and eventually cell lysis. (medindex.am)
The book is concerned with molecular biology studies, macromolecules and the macromolecular mechanisms found in living things, such as the molecular nature of the gene and its mechanisms of gene replication, regulation, mutation, post transcriptional modifications and expression. (agroacademics.com)

Shortly thereafter, a series of papers were published by Youssef Idaghdour and his colleagues looking at the role of environmental factors on gene expression throughout the genome where they found that only 5% of the variation in genomic expression was attributable to genetic factors (i.e. sequence variation in the genome) whereas, as much as half was due to the living environment of the individual, either urban or rural. (wikipedia.org)
All discrepancies were analyzed with whole- genome sequencing and shown to be related to causative mutations (stop codons, indels, and promoter mutations) in glycosyltransferase genes. (sciensano.be)
For many regions of the genome, we have detected multiple overlapping transcripts including both small, gene-sized RNAs and large transcripts covering entire gene clusters. (ncsu.edu)
In participating UK research institutions, investigators can publish open access in Genome Research, Genes & Development, RNA, and Learning & Memory without article publication charges and all staff can read the entire renowned Cold Spring Harbor journal collection. (cshlpress.com)
Viral integration into the host cellular genome is a hallmark of malignant progression. (medscape.com)
Gene expression levels are a target of recent natural selection in the human genome. (uchicago.edu)
A genome-wide study of DNA methylation patterns and gene expression levels in multiple human and chimpanzee tissues. (uchicago.edu)
instead of T4 genome, a piece of host cell's bacterial DNA is packaged in the phage head. (tedxhongkong.org)
Bacteria and integrates its genome within the host cell 's bacterial DNA remains attached the. (tedxhongkong.org)
Cycle and infects another bacterium and transfers the bacterial DNA instead of T4 genome, a piece of cell. (tedxhongkong.org)
Adenovirus DNA : the viral genome and its expression / edited by Walter Doerfler. (who.int)
Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)

MyD88 is an adaptor protein for most TLR signaling pathways in regulation of the innate immunity [4]. (biomedres.us)
IRAK4-deficiency animals completely lost their immune response to bacterial and viral challenge, which indicate that IRAK4 plays an important role in innate immunity [6]. (biomedres.us)
CD8 T cells form the central component of the adaptive immune system and are essential in defense against viral and bacterial infections and in tumor immunity. (princeton.edu)
Improved antiviral immunity by zinc may also occur through up‑regulation of interferon α production and increasing its antiviral activity. (spandidos-publications.com)

Genetic expression is far from random, allowing the differentiation and specialization of different cell types with identical genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Concept of gene, Prokaryotes as genetic system, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes, methods of gene isolation and identification, Split genes, overlapping genes and pseudo genes, Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes and genomes including operan, exon, intron, enhancer promoter sequences and other regulatory elements. (nipaers.com)
Gene cloning and sub-cloning strategies, chromosome walking, genetic transformation, Basis of animal cloning. (nipaers.com)
The degree of expression of a particular organizer depends on the genetic background, especially on the presence of other NOR loci. (ncsu.edu)
Advances in gene therapy and genetic engineering technologies, as well as increased demand for biologics and personalized medicine, are driving market revenue growth. (reportsanddata.com)
Furthermore, advances in gene therapy and genetic engineering technologies are driving demand for expression vectors. (reportsanddata.com)
Similarly, when applying genetic engineering techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, accurate and trustworthy expression vectors are required for targeted gene change. (reportsanddata.com)
DNA methylation patterns associate with genetic and gene expression variation in HapMap cell lines. (uchicago.edu)
Is packaged in the phage head and becomes a viral envelope most striking feature is the transfer genetic. (tedxhongkong.org)
DNA as the Genetic Material: Experiments Proving DNA and RNA as Gene. (agroacademics.com)
Culture independent metagenomic studies have been used to reveal the genetic content of the bacterial species within gut microbiomes. (concordia.ca)
Exploding the gene myth : how genetic information is produced and manipulated by scientists, physicians, employers, insurance companies, educators, and law enforcers / Ruth Hubbard and Elijah Wald. (who.int)

However, existing virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and/or overexpression vectors suitable for soybean have various drawbacks that hinder their widespread adoption. (researchsquare.com)
The need for effective and scalable expression systems for protein synthesis in research and development is driving demand for expression vectors. (reportsanddata.com)
New York, 27 Oct, 2023 - The global expression vectors market size was USD 2.26 Billion in 2022 and is expected to register a revenue CAGR of 6.3% over the forecast period, according to the latest report by Reports and Data. (reportsanddata.com)
To transmit therapeutic genes for disease therapy or prevention, gene expression vectors must be efficient and secure. (reportsanddata.com)
This involves the development of customized expression vectors for targeted gene expression in certain patient groups. (reportsanddata.com)
Furthermore, the growth of Research and Development (R&D) endeavors in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology domains fuels the demand for expression vectors. (reportsanddata.com)
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States is in charge of regulating gene therapy products, including expression vectors used in clinical trials. (reportsanddata.com)
The European Commission has implemented regulations for gene therapy goods, including expression vectors, as well as for the safety of participants in gene therapy clinical studies. (reportsanddata.com)
In 2022, plasmid vectors held a substantial revenue share of the market for expression vectors. (reportsanddata.com)
The increased research activity in a range of disciplines, including as drug discovery, proteomics, genomics, and synthetic biology, is increasing the need for expression vectors in research applications. (reportsanddata.com)
Furthermore, rising funding for research projects by governmental and commercial organizations is expected to boost demand for expression vectors in the research application sector. (reportsanddata.com)
In 2022, North America had the highest revenue share in the Expression Vectors Market, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. (reportsanddata.com)
In addition, the area has well-established regulatory frameworks and supportive policies that assist the development and marketing of sophisticated biotechnology goods such as expression vectors. (reportsanddata.com)
Furthermore, the expanding trend of precision medicine and gene treatments is predicted to fuel demand for improved expression vectors, adding to regional market revenue growth. (reportsanddata.com)
Some of the prominent players profiled in the global expression vectors market include Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc, Promega Corporation, Takara Bio Inc, Agilent Technologies Inc, Merck KGaA, QIAGEN N.V, Lonza Group AG, GenScript Biotech Corporation, New England Biolabs Inc, and Clontech Laboratories Inc. (reportsanddata.com)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
However, it is difficult to capture the complexity of transcript isoform variance using these libraries, and large cDNA sequences are often difficult to clone into size-limited viral expression vectors. (cdc.gov)

It is the body's first-line defense against many bacterial pathogens. (medscape.com)
Enhances expression of lysosomal enzymes and nitric oxide release which help kill infectious pathogens. (glowluxe.ca)

It is the transfer of foreign genes by means of viruses. (qforquestions.in)
The geminivirus transient expression system allows rapid analysis of RNAs transcribed from foreign genes and can serve as a preliminary screen in the construction of transgenic plants. (ncsu.edu)

Genomic characterization predicted specific genomic islands highly associated with virulence, transcriptional regulation, and DNA restriction-modification systems. (frontiersin.org)
The new CPSMV-derived FZ vector provides a convenient and versatile soybean functional genomics tool that is expected to accelerate the characterization of soybean genes controlling crucial productivity traits. (researchsquare.com)
The research work focused on Molecular Cloning of complimentary DNA (cDNA), multifamily gene characterization, regulation, expression and purification of human folate receptors. (sivams.com)

Social genomics researchers have thus examined the role of social factors (e.g. isolation, rejection) on the expression of individual genes, or more commonly, clusters of many genes (i.e. gene profiles, or gene programs). (wikipedia.org)
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an alternative functional genomics tool for soybean because it does not involve the generation of inheritable changes. (researchsquare.com)

In addition to post-transcriptional regulation at the level of mRNA and protein stability, there may exist coordination at the transcriptional stage. (ncsu.edu)
The coordination of RNA turnover, RNA structure, and transcriptional regulation as they regulate gene expression and light regulated carbon fixation in plants. (uga.edu)
Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)
We now continue development and application of methods for studies of post-transcriptional regulation. (princeton.edu)

Expertise in the preservative efficacy testing, antimicrobial evaluations for dry surfaces and coatings, bacterial, fungal and algal identifications. (sivams.com)

Epigenetic analysis revealed a specific N 6 -methyl adenine (m 6 A) methylating pattern including methylation of alginate, flagellar and quorum sensing associated genes. (frontiersin.org)
Inactivation of E2f6 leads to a failure to deposit CpG island DNA methylation at these genes during implantation. (cnrs.fr)
Cytosine methylation in ribosomal DNA and nucleolus organiser expression in wheat. (ncsu.edu)
Cytosine methylation has been studied in wheat rRNA genes at nucleolar organizers displaying different activities. (ncsu.edu)
The methylation pattern within a specific multigene locus is influenced by the number and type of rRNA genes in other rDNA loci in the cell. (ncsu.edu)
DNA methylation and histone modifications play a central role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation. (cipsm.de)
Previously published work on DNA methylation status in GWI was reanalyzed focusing specifically on the predicted shared targets indicating significant changes in DNA methylation of the associated genes. (cdc.gov)

Gene expression is a mechanism at the molecular level by which a gene is able to express itself in the phenotype of an organism. (qforquestions.in)
He holds strong expertise in molecular technologies such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Amplicor viral load quantification for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Roche Diagnostics), branch DNA (bDNA) System 440 (Siemens Diagnostics) viral load for HIV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). (sivams.com)
He also performed PACE2C (GENPROBE) molecular screening and confirmation tests for intracellular obligate bacterial ribosomal RNA detection in sexually transmitted diseases (STD) such as Chlamydia Trachomatis and Neisseria Gonorrhoea. (sivams.com)

Gene regulation, RNA processing and Post transcriptional modifications. (nipaers.com)
Emphasis is given to the diversity of different responses observed with different genes and evidence for light effects at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels. (ncsu.edu)

We also found that interferon (IFN) and IFN-inducible genes were regulated differentially in A/ph/CA/2373/98 (H9N2) virus infected Macrophages. (usda.gov)

always results in the same few genes being transferred between bacteria. (tedxhongkong.org)

Our findings elucidate the mechanisms of epigenetic targeting of germline genes and provide a paradigm for how transient repression signals by DNA-binding factors in early embryonic cells are translated into long-term epigenetic silencing during mouse development. (cnrs.fr)
Understanding mechanisms underlying human gene expression variation with RNA sequencing. (uchicago.edu)

Mutations can occur in any area of the gene. (medscape.com)
Murine gene mutations in human counterparts may be associated with a clinical illness different from the illness seen in mice. (medscape.com)
A. Specialised Transduction: In this process, the bacteriophage gets attached to a bacterial cell wall at the receptor site and the nucleic acid of bacteriophage is transferred into the cyto-plasm of â ¦ Mutations. (tedxhongkong.org)

Questions Name the three types of bacterial exchange of DNA The donor bacterial cell in transfomation is probaly dead. (tedxhongkong.org)

Your second year builds on this knowledge and covers areas such as gene regulation, cell biology and metabolism. (kent.ac.uk)
infectious disease, the immune response, the search for Despite the complexities of terminology and advanced knowl- chemotherapeutic agents and bacterial metabolism. (zlibrary.to)
It is involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as the functioning of the reproductive, cardiovascular, and nervous system ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Transducing viruses may carry the same genes or different genes. (qforquestions.in)
These four viruses have been selected because they have NS1 genes that belong to the A and B alleles, respectively. (usda.gov)
We anticipate that NS1 mediates the effects of AIV on macrophages and would like to test viruses with different NS1 alleles to determine if it mediates the downregulation of immune function genes as we described in the Prelimiary Results. (usda.gov)
Reverse genetics: NS1 genes will be altered through site mutagenesis and mutated viruses will be generated through co-transfection of macropahges with a reverse genetics system to determine which part of the NS1 genes is responsible for the observed differences in cytopathogenic effect (apoptosis) and the modulation of the immnue genes detected by microarray analysis. (usda.gov)

However, the nature of the genes encoded by eukaryotic protozoa and fungi within these environments has not been explored using metagenomic or metatranscriptomic approaches. (concordia.ca)
This study provides a snapshot of eukaryotic gene expression in the muskoxen rumen, and identifies a number of candidate genes coding for potentially valuable lignocellulolytic enzymes. (concordia.ca)

The BTK gene is large and consists of 19 exons that encode the 659 amino acids that form the Btk cytosolic tyrosine kinase. (medscape.com)

Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
Using noninvasive metagenomics to characterize viral communities from wildlife. (montana.edu)

We are now studying the role of Foxp3 and other factors in chromatin organization and gene expression regulation in functionally heterogeneous Treg cells across tissues. (princeton.edu)

Furthermore, Akirin2 and IκB-ζ recruitment to the Il6 promoter depend upon the presence of IκB-ζ and Akirin2, respectively, for regulation of chromatin remodeling. (cnrs.fr)
Chromatin structure and expression of plant ribosomal RNA genes. (ncsu.edu)
DNase I sensitivity of ribosomal RNA Genes in chromatin and nucleolar dominance in wheat. (ncsu.edu)
Here, we show that rRNA genes at dominant loci are organized in a chromatin conformation that renders them more sensitive to DNase I digestion than other rRNA genes. (ncsu.edu)

4. Differentiate between bacterial transduction and bacterial transformation. (qforquestions.in)
Transduction involves bringing genes from a living host while transformation involves absorption of gene from nonliving medium. (qforquestions.in)
MCQs in Bacterial Genetics (Part II) Category: Bacteriology Bacterial genetics section will test your understanding regarding Bacteriophage, Plasmids, Transposons, Bacterial gene transfer (Conjugation, Transformation and Transduction) and Recombinant DNA Technology. (tedxhongkong.org)
Transduction is the process by which bacterial DNA is moved from one bacterium to another by a virus. (tedxhongkong.org)
Generalized transduction is the process by which any bacterial gene may be transferred to another bacterium via a bacteriophage, and typically carries only bacterial DNA and no viral DNA. (tedxhongkong.org)

PRODORIC is a comprehensive database about gene regulation and gene expression in prokaryotes. (biokeanos.com)

The mechanism of gene expression involves biochemical genetics. (qforquestions.in)

Adaptations to climate in candidate genes for common metabolic disorders. (uchicago.edu)

All of these immune cells are involved in the killing of viral and bacterial infections. (glowluxe.ca)
Regulates the adaptive immune response by dampening T cell proliferation and maturation during viral respiratory infections. (glowluxe.ca)
In 1952, Colonel Ogden Bruton noted the absence of immunoglobulins (Ig) in a boy with a history of pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections. (medscape.com)
As Bruton originally described, XLA manifests as pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections in 80% of cases. (medscape.com)

Among others, these thiol switches are essential for inflammatory signaling, regulation of gene expression, cytokine release, immunoglobulin function and isoform variation, and antigen presentation. (bvsalud.org)
The potential anti-neuroinflammatory effects of propranolol were interrogated by analysis of cytokine mRNA expression. (cdc.gov)
Propranolol treatment abrogated the elaboration of inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in the brain instigated in our model, having no treatment effects in non-DFP exposed groups. (cdc.gov)

PD-1 expression is upregulated by TCR binding to Ag and depends on NFATc1 ( 8 ), but the factors that regulate PD-1 expression levels and determine whether it mediates tolerance are poorly understood. (aai.org)
In particular, CLIP has been used to identify targets of microRNAs, small non-coding RNA molecules that bind to a protein Ago2 and thus regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. (princeton.edu)

Ribosomal RNA genes at different nucleolar organizer (NOR) loci in hexaploid wheat are expressed at different levels. (ncsu.edu)
Expression of the Escherichia coli tryptophanase operon depends on ribosome stalling during translation of the upstream TnaC leader peptide, a process for which interactions between the TnaC nascent chain and the ribosomal exit tunnel are critical. (cipsm.de)

In 2007, Steve Cole at UCLA published the first study of social factors, in this case social connection, on the immune cell gene expression among healthy older adults. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cell characteristics CD44(+)/CD24(-), TERT and Oct4 were associated with MSI expression in vivo and were decreased in vitro after MSI DKD as was ALDH expression and mammosphere formation. (bvsalud.org)
A virus may pickup gene of the host in place of its own gene during its multiplication in the host cell. (qforquestions.in)
Get to know the bacterial cell structures in depth. (unict.it)
Thus, the fine tuning of NK cell functions by the HPA axis preserved tissue integrity without impairing pathogen elimination, which reveals a novel aspect of neuroimmune regulation. (nature.com)
This T4 head gets a tail and becomes a viral particle and is capable of infecting another bacterial cell. (tedxhongkong.org)
Of host cell DNA bacterium and transfers the bacterial genes that are close to the site of are! (tedxhongkong.org)
E. Coli RecA protein the donor bacterium bacterial cell in transfomation is probaly dead bacterium to another by virus. (tedxhongkong.org)
At times, a piece of host cell 's bacterial DNA is in. (tedxhongkong.org)
Main ways, recombination and headful packaging and transfers the bacterial genes from the donor cell. (tedxhongkong.org)
NFkB is involved in regulation of various cellular events including cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation. (thermofisher.com)
The NFkB complex is expressed in most cell types, and is primarily found in the cytoplasm in an inactive state in association with I-kappa-B. Phosphorylation of I-kappa-B releases the complex, allowing translocation to the nucleus and modification of gene expression. (thermofisher.com)
When a microRNA is present in the cell, it binds to the target sites and downregulates GFP expression, while in cells that do not express the microRNA GFP, it is expressed. (lu.se)

An attractive alternative is to administer transient gene silencing or overexpression with a plant virus-based vector. (researchsquare.com)
This, combined with the relatively small numbers of seed each soybean plant produces, makes it extremely challenging to generate mutant seed libraries that cover even 50% of genes. (researchsquare.com)
The plant actin-based cytoskeleton and the evolution of gene families and its contingent relationship to the macroevolution of various plant organs and tissues. (uga.edu)

The altered expression of a few serum cytokines had been linked to OSA. (uga.edu)
In collaboration with UGA's Clinical and Translational Research Unit we demonstrated that the aberrant expression of more than a dozen serum cytokines in OSA patients were restored to normal or nearly normal levels by six months of airways therapy. (uga.edu)
Fig. 4: Specific combinations of cytokines and corticosterone act together to induce PD-1 expression on NK cells. (nature.com)
As a consequence, the synthesis and release of Th1- (T helper 1) and Th2- (T helper 2) type cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators from T-cells and mast cells are blocked and the expression of signals essential for the activation of inflammatory T-lymphocytes is inhibited. (medindex.am)

Transcripts from each of five light-regulated genes exhibited different responses to a variety of light treatments, but for each transcript we observed a characteristic linear relationship between nuclear and cytoplasmic levels over a wide range of total transcript abundance. (ncsu.edu)

Photoregulation and phytochrome regulation of nuclear and chloroplastic gene expression. (nipaers.com)

A common theme of the research programs is the application of modern recombinant DNA technology to the study of gene regulation and protein structure-function relationships. (nymc.edu)

The results illustrate a complex set of interactions regulating expression of the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. (ncsu.edu)

Dominant, very active loci have a higher proportion of rRNA genes with unmethylated cytosine residues in comparison with recessive and inactive loci. (ncsu.edu)

Different classes of dietary flavonoids exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-aging, cardioprotective, anti-viral/bacterial and anti-carcinogenic properties. (mdpi.com)
These products have several anti-inflammatory properties of any/multiple islet autoantibodies (242 and 151 events, respec- such as regulation of immune-related gene expression and cy- tively) and T1D (71 events) by soluble fiber intake were calculated tokine release (8). (lu.se)

In particular, soluble fiber may be important in and 48 mo from 3358 children from the United States and Germany this respect, because it is converted to the short-chain fatty acids prospectively followed in the TEDDY (The Environmental Deter- acetate, propionate, and butyrate by bacterial fermentation in the minants of Diabetes in the Young) study. (lu.se)

These interactions are essential for Toll-like receptor-, RIG-I-, and Listeria-mediated expression of proinflammatory genes including Il6 and Il12b in macrophages. (cnrs.fr)
Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) recruits the adaptor protein myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase 4 (IRAK4), triggering a series of immune responses. (biomedres.us)
The most commonly lost gene products in colorectal carcinogenesis include guanylin and uroguanylin, the endogenous ligands for guanylyl cyclase C (GCC, GUCY2C), the intestinal receptor for diarrheagenic bacterial enterotoxins. (jefferson.edu)

Nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNAs for several phytochrome-regulated genes were examined in Pisum seedlings in order to investigate possible light effects on mRNA partitioning between the nucleus and cytoplasm. (ncsu.edu)

The bacterial genes encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS) were transiently expressed in leaf discs from the AR1 promoter in TGMV A. The levels of AR1 and GUS RNAs were similar in leaf discs after adjusting for viral DNA copy number, while CAT RNA was less abundant. (ncsu.edu)
These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

The contribution of RNA decay quantitative trait loci to inter-individual variation in steady-state gene expression levels. (uchicago.edu)

The 23 pairs of DNA molecules called chromosomes contain the approximately 21,000 genes comprising the "human blueprint. (wikipedia.org)

As we show in this article, the extent to which effector CD8 T cells upregulate PD-1 expression when they re-encounter Ag differs depending on whether they have differentiated in response to IL-12 or type I IFN signals. (aai.org)
We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy18

Organisms43

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs64

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes89

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science6

Health Care2

Proteins17

Transcription16

Infection14

Replication7

Genome12

Immunity4

Genetic12

Vectors17

Pathogens2

Foreign genes2

Characterization3

Genomics2

Transcriptional regulation4

Fungal1

Methylation7

Molecular3

Post-transcriptional2

Interferon1

Bacteria1

Mechanisms2

Mutations3

Types of bacterial1

Metabolism3

Viruses4

Eukaryotic2

Encode1

Characterize2

Organization1

Chromatin4

Transduction5

Prokaryotes1

Genetics1

Candidate genes1

Infections4

Cytokine3

Regulate2

Ribosomal2

Cell13

Plant3

Cytokines4

Light-regulated1

Phytochrome regulation1

Recombinant DNA techno1

Genomes1

Recessive1

Anti-inflammatory2

Fermentation1

Receptor3

Cytoplasmic1

Promoter2

Loci1

Chromosomes1

Upregulate2