Viral adenoviruses simian. Medical search. Frequent questions

Hanneke Schuitemaker is a Dutch virologist, the Global Head of Viral Vaccine Discovery and Translational Medicine at Johnson & Johnson's Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, and a Professor of Virology at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers of the University of Amsterdam (since 2004). (wikipedia.org)
She was appointed Global Head of Viral Vaccines Discovery and Translational Medicine. (wikipedia.org)
Schuitemaker demonstrated the efficacy of the adenovirus/protein vaccines against simian immunodeficiency virus in rhesus macaques. (wikipedia.org)
Because vaccines to HIV-1 are most urgently needed in sub-Saharan Africa, we evaluated the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses in sera from humans residing in 3 sub-Saharan countries with natural habitats for chimpanzees: Nigeria, Cameroon, and Côte d'Ivoire. (cdc.gov)
The vaccines are based on novel and powerful viral vectors for in vivo delivery of antigens.The PEACHI Consortium members have employed replication-defective simian adenovirus (ChAd) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector technology to develop the most immunogenic HCV and HIV-1 vaccines to date. (europa.eu)
Of interest is the role of adenoviruses as viral vectors in vaccination and in gene therapy.For example, in viral vector vaccines against SARS-CoV2, the vector virus is used to deliver RNA encoding SARS-CoV2 spike protein into target cells. (medscape.com)
Ertl's research centers on developing vaccines for an array of diseases and conditions-including AIDS , chronic viral infections, COVID -19 and some forms of cancer-not typically considered to be treated using this approach. (wistar.org)
Heterologous prime-boost strategies are known to substantially increase immune responses in viral vectored vaccines. (ox.ac.uk)
We are currently testing simian adenovirus (ChAd63) and poxvirus (MVA) viral vectored vaccines expressing the transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Pfs25 fused to a multimerisation domain (IMX313) in human clinical trials to assess the it's safety, immunogenicity and ex vivo efficacy. (ox.ac.uk)
Several vaccines have now been approved for human use, including mRNA vaccines (BioNTech/Pfizer, Moderna), adenovirus-vector-based vaccines (AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, CanSino Biologics, Gamaleya), and inactivated virus vaccines (Sinovac Biotech and Sinopharm). (frontiersin.org)
In addition, the reported adverse cases of thrombosis with the adenovirus vaccines ( 13 ) and myocarditis with the mRNA vaccines particularly in young individuals ( 14 ) indicate that a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of action of the vaccines should be undertaken. (frontiersin.org)
The adenovirus, a virus that can cause the common cold and other respiratory illness, has been re-engineered to create vaccines , including the Johnson & Johnson, Oxford/AstraZeneca, CanSino and Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccines. (perceptivx.com)
To make enough re-engineered adenovirus for vaccines, cells that closely resemble the target of vaccination (humans) are needed. (perceptivx.com)
This is one reason scientists use human cells to create adenovirus-based vaccines. (perceptivx.com)
The adenovirus used in these vaccines also tends to infect human cells better than other animal cell types, making it easier to create more copies of the virus in human cells. (perceptivx.com)
The polio vaccine is also an example of a different type of vaccination from the adenovirus-based vaccines. (perceptivx.com)
In this study, healthy volunteers received chimpanzee-derived adenovirus-3 and MVA vaccines encoding the non-structural region of hepatitis C virus (ChAd3-NSmut/MVA-NSmut) 8 weeks apart. (ox.ac.uk)
Lentiviral vector-based dendritic cell vaccines induce protective T cell responses against viral infection and cancer in animal models. (jci.org)
A spin-out company from the University of Oxford's Jenner Institute, Vaccitech is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company that is engaged in the discovery and development of two viral vector vaccines , one to prevent influenza and the other to treat prostate cancer. (siliconcanals.com)
Viral vector vaccines are particularly good at treating recalcitrant illnesses. (siliconcanals.com)
In partnership with CEPI and Janssen Vaccines we will use our simian adenoviral vaccine vector ChAdOx1 in preclinical and clinical development of vaccines against MERS, Nipah, and Lassa. (hexdigital.com)
The clinical safety of the viral vector platform and ability to induce potent immune responses have already been demonstrated and we look forward to working with Janssen on the important next stages of the development of all three vaccines, using our complementary expertise in this important new initiative. (hexdigital.com)
Therapeutic vaccines are aimed at promoting regression of HPV-associated lesions by the induction of cellular immune responses directed against viral proteins expressed in tumor cells[ 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

One vaccine modality that has shown promise is based on adenovirus vectors of human serotype 5 (AdHu5) ( 1 - 3 ). (cdc.gov)
To circumvent the negative effect of preexisting immunity to common human serotypes of adenoviruses on the efficacy of adenovirus vaccine carriers, we developed vectors based on chimpanzee-derived adenoviruses C68, C6, and C1 ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
The complex mechanisms by which viral vectors may be incorporated into gene therapy and the rapid growth in this field put further discussion beyond the scope of this text. (medscape.com)
Consistent with these results, preclinical studies have demonstrated that rAd5 vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag failed to reduce peak or setpoint viral loads after SIV challenge of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) that lacked the protective MHC class I allele Mamu-A*01 (ref. 3). (escholarship.org)
Here we show that an improved T-cell-based vaccine regimen using two serologically distinct adenovirus vectors afforded substantially improved protective efficacy in this challenge model. (escholarship.org)
Although virus-based gene therapy is a promising strategy to combat advanced prostate cancer, its current effectiveness is limited partially due to inefficient cellular transduction by therapeutic viral vectors in vivo . (hindawi.com)
E1-deleted (including E1a-deleted) adenoviruses are replication defective and are commonly used as viral vectors to carry therapeutic genes for gene therapy. (hindawi.com)
Simian adenoviral and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vectors used in heterologous prime-boost strategies are potent inducers of T cells against encoded antigens and are in advanced testing as vaccine carriers for a wide range of infectious agents and cancers. (ox.ac.uk)
The company's proprietary platform comprises modified simian adenoviral vectors - known as ChAdOx1 and ChAdOx2, to target immune response with Modified Vaccinia Ankara, or MVA, in order to boost the targeted immune response against cells infected with a virus or tumour cells. (siliconcanals.com)
Optimizing HIV-1-specific CD8+ T-cell induction by recombinant BCG in prime-boost regimens with heterologous viral vectors. (ox.ac.uk)

This NIH -funded research aimed to test adenoviral recombinants based on simian serotypes for induction of immune responses to gag/pol/rev/env of HIV -1 or SIV -1 in mouse and primate models. (wistar.org)
A simian adenoviral vector termed adenovirus C68 (AdC68) was generated as a molecular clone to express the glycoprotein of rabies virus. (wistar.org)
The best PSP was selected to construct a prostate-specific oncolytic adenovirus (CRAD) by controlling the adenoviral E1 region. (hindawi.com)
The adenovirus early region 1 (E1) gene, which comprises E1a and E1b, encodes the viral early proteins that are necessary for adenoviral replication and the consequent oncolysis of permissive host cells. (hindawi.com)

Processing of adenovirus 2 induced proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The role of adenovirus structural proteins in the regulation of adenovirus infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Temperature sensitivity of processing of viral proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
A study to evaluate safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of GSK Biologicals' RSV investigational vaccine based on viral proteins encoded by chimpanzee-derived adenovector (ChAd155-RSV) (GSK3389245A) in infants. (biosafety.be)
A substantial body of evidence, primarily from in vitro studies, suggests that some milk proteins interfere with viral infections.Lactoferrin (LF) has been the protein most comprehensively studied for its antiviral effects. (immunecare.co.uk)
MPV: several recombinant viral coat proteins (VP2) to detect seroconversion to MPV-1 through -5. (hugepdf.com)

Therefore, we modeled allo-HSCT in ART-suppressed simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) to illuminate factors contributing to transplant-induced viral reservoir decay. (wisc.edu)
so far, however, only the human retroviruses human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I), the simian retroviruses, and coxsackievirus B have been etiologically connected with the disease. (medscape.com)

Between 1955 and 1963, the polio vaccine was grown in monkey kidney cells that were later found to have been infected with a virus called simian virus 40 (SV40), making vaccinated people vulnerable to SV40 infection . (perceptivx.com)
The term papova is derived from the first two letters of the three prototypes, papilloma virus, polyoma virus and simian vacuolating virus-40 (SV40). (biologydiscussion.com)
In the preprint, the authors claimed that they detected DNA in the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and in particular a particular gene sequence originating from the simian virus 40 (SV40) [1] . (feedback.org)
These cells, thought to be responsible for introducing the cancer-causing Simian Virus 40 (SV40) into the human population, are still in use today. (substack.com)
The effect of SV40 viral transformation of human fibroblasts on intercellular gap junctional communication (IJC) was investigated using a short-term quantitative assay. (ox.ac.uk)
These cell lines were transformed with origin-defective adenovirus/SV40 recombinant virions, and IJC was determined both between transformed cells (homologous IJC) and between transformed and untransformed cells (heterologous IJC). (ox.ac.uk)

The protease of adenovirus serotype 2 requires cysteine residues for both activation and catalysis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Recovery from adenovirus infection is associated with the development of serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies. (medscape.com)
A recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vector-based vaccine for HIV-1 has recently failed in a phase 2b efficacy study in humans. (escholarship.org)

We did a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial in five trial sites in the UK of a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein compared with a meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) as control. (liverpool.ac.uk)
The vaccine in the study - developed by AELIX Therapeutics - delivered the HIVACAT T-cell Immunogen (HTI) using a combination of DNA vector, modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector and simian adenovirus vector ChAdOx1. (ox.ac.uk)

These primary cell cultures were often noted to spontaneously degenerate over time, and adenoviruses are now known to be a common cause of asymptomatic respiratory tract infection that produces in vitro cytolysis in these tissues. (medscape.com)
Adenovirus is often cultured from the pharynx and stool of asymptomatic children, and most adults have measurable titers of anti-adenovirus antibodies, implying prior infection. (medscape.com)
Upon infection with adenovirus, one of three different interactions with the cells may occur. (medscape.com)
The first is lytic infection, which occurs when an adenovirus enters human epithelial cells and continues through an entire replication cycle, which results in cytolysis, cytokine production, and induction of host inflammatory response. (medscape.com)
The AstraZeneca vaccine works similar to the Johnson & Johnson Covid-19 vaccine although it uses a simian (monkey virus) rather than human adenovirus, a respiratory tract infection virus, to carry the coronavirus spike protein to the immune system. (drmaryeschmidt.com)
AstraZeneca and Oxford have made all severe reactions (viral infection of the spinal cord and pulmonary embolism) available early to the public prior to knowing whether or not they were vaccine-related. (drmaryeschmidt.com)
We record here that 25-HC regulates immune system responses for controlling viral infection effectively. (iassist2012.org)
The fiber knob protein of human adenovirus type 49 mediates highly efficient and promiscuous infection of cancer cell lines using a novel cell entry mechanism. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Plasma viral load in HIV-1 and HIV-2 singly and dually infected individuals in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: significantly lower plasma virus set point in HIV-2 infection than in HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Adenovirus is known to be oncogenic in rodents but not in humans. (medscape.com)
The adenoviruses are common pathogens of humans and animals. (biologydiscussion.com)
More than 100 serologically distinct types of adenovirus have been identified including 49 types that infect humans. (biologydiscussion.com)

1 chimpanzee adenovirus (data not shown). (cdc.gov)
The company's protected chimpanzee adenovirus technology is the best way to generate T-cell responses and thereby generate lasting cell-mediated immunity. (siliconcanals.com)

As pVI is also required for activation of the adenovirus-coded protease, the same pVI derivatives were assessed for their ability to activate recombinant adenovirus-coded 23K protease. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Recombinant adenovirus type 5 (rAd) has been used as a vaccine platform against many infectious diseases and has been shown to be an effective vaccine vector. (mdpi.com)

Structure of simian virus 40 at 3.8 Å resolution. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The adenovirus protease is activated by a virus-coded disulphide-linked peptide. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Adenovirus, a DNA virus, was first isolated in the 1950s in adenoid tissue-derived cell cultures, hence the name. (medscape.com)
An extremely hardy virus, adenovirus is ubiquitous in human and animal populations, survives long periods outside a host, and is endemic throughout the year. (medscape.com)
The lab is applying its adenovirus vaccine expertise against SARS-CoV-2, utilizing a modified chimpanzee virus as a vaccine delivery vehicle to induce an immune response. (wistar.org)
The laboratory developed an adenovirus-based vaccine against rabies virus that can provide rapid immunity following a single administration. (wistar.org)
A simian virus was chosen in case antibodies to human adenovirus prevented the vaccine from working well. (drmaryeschmidt.com)
Conditional lethal mutants of adenovirus 2-simian virus 40 hybrids. (cshl.edu)
Kelly, F. , Sambrook, J. (1974) Variants of Simian Virus 40-Transformed Mouse Cells Resistant to Cytochalasin-B. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 39. (cshl.edu)
Transcription of simian virus 40. (cshlpress.com)
Transgenic mice bearing PB promoter fused to simian virus 40 large tumor antigen gene all consistently develop prostate adenocarcinoma [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Simian Virus-40 3. (biologydiscussion.com)
Serological evidence for virus related to simian T-lymphotropic retrovirus III in residents of west Africa. (microbiologyresearch.org)

To overcome this obstacle, conditional oncolytic viruses (such as conditional replication adenovirus (CRAD)) are developed to specifically target prostate without (or with minimal) systemic toxicity due to viral self-replication. (hindawi.com)
The idea behind this study is to place the Ad5 E1 region in cis complementation (i.e., use E1 as a transgene) back into an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus under the control of a prostate-specific promoter (PSP). (hindawi.com)
HEK 293 and PER.C6 cell lines have been genetically altered to include the part of the adenovirus instructions that trigger replication of adenoviruses. (perceptivx.com)
This prevents further replication of the adenovirus in the patient. (perceptivx.com)
Replication of the viral RNA takes place inside the nucleus. (biologydiscussion.com)

Their approach started with a single viral genome, which was being tested as of March 2020. (wikipedia.org)
The genome of adenovirus is well known and can be modified with relative ease to induce lysis or cytotoxicity of a specified cell line without affecting others. (medscape.com)
Study of Sequences of Adenovirus-2 DNA in Nine Lines of Transformed Rat Cells Using Specific Fragments of Viral Genome. (cshl.edu)

Possessing over60 serotypes, adenovirus is recognized as the etiologic agent of various diverse syndromes. (medscape.com)

Participants received several rounds of vaccination before interruption of the antiretroviral treatment and weekly monitor of their viral load. (ox.ac.uk)

Adenovirus protein- protein interactions: hexon and protein VI. (microbiologyresearch.org)
We assessed the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of a viral vectored coronavirus vaccine that expresses the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. (liverpool.ac.uk)
The adenovirus is stripped of its original instructions, or genes, that trigger disease, and replaced with blueprints for a small part of the coronavirus - the spike protein. (perceptivx.com)
So the delivered dose of adenovirus infects a relatively controlled number of host cells, which create a limited amount of coronavirus spike protein, enough for the body to mount an immune response. (perceptivx.com)
MHV: a recombinant MHV nucleocapsid (N) protein and two highly purified whole-viral lysate antigens. (hugepdf.com)

Adenovirus has been associated with both sporadic and epidemic disease and, with regard to infections among military recruits, who were routinely immunized against types 4 and 7 from 1971 until the cessation of vaccine production in 1996. (medscape.com)
Adenovirus infections might cause the acute hepatitis in children observed. (bmj.com)
Adenovirus infections do not normally cause hepatitis in healthy children suggesting that a completely new type of adenovirus might have been introduced into the human population. (bmj.com)
Interference with viral infections is primarily based on adsorption of LF to receptors on the host cell‚ surface or on binding to viral particles, both enveloped and non-enveloped. (immunecare.co.uk)
In general, bovine LF is more effective against viral infections than human LF. (immunecare.co.uk)
It may be due to diverse causes that occur alone or in association with viral infections, malignancies, or connective-tissue disorders. (medscape.com)

After a large enough dose of coronavirus spike-containing adenoviruses is collected, the adenovirus is purified and isolated from the embryonic cell material for inclusion in the vaccine. (perceptivx.com)

In addition, LF is effective in vitro against several non-enveloped viruses like rotavirus, enterovirus, PV, adenovirus and feline calicivirus (FCV). (immunecare.co.uk)
Papovaviruses are one of the four important dsDNA viruses (e.g. papovaviruses, adenoviruses, herpes viruses and pox viruses) which produce tumour in many animals. (biologydiscussion.com)

Human sera from the United States, Thailand, and sub-Saharan Africa and chimpanzee sera were tested for neutralizing antibodies to 3 chimpanzee adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)
We previously showed that neutralizing antibodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses are rarely found in US residents ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
None of the samples from 50 US zoo workers, including those who reported regular contact with primates, had detectable antibodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)
In contrast, serum samples from sub-Saharan African cohorts had higher prevalences of neutralizing antibodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses ( Figure , Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)

Gene and mRNA for precursor polypeptide VI from adenovirus type 2. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Here we report on safety and immunogenicity of the poxvirus Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectored vaccine expressing four Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis antigens as a single dose or as a booster vaccine following a simian adenovirus (ChAdOx2) prime. (ox.ac.uk)

In addition, a few types of human adenoviruses induce undifferentiated sarcomas in newborn hamsters and other rodents and can transform certain rodent and human cell cultures. (biologydiscussion.com)

However, the greatest challenge in viral gene therapy, as might be expected, is the immune response to the viral vector itself. (medscape.com)
Adenoviruses are immunogenic and elicit strong innate and adaptive immune responses. (medscape.com)

Structure of adenovirus chromatin. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Prevalence of neutralizing antibody titers to chimpanzee adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)
One serum sample from Cameroon neutralized all 3 chimpanzee adenoviruses and had titers of 20 to AdC68 and 160 to AdC6 and AdC1. (cdc.gov)

Transient IL-10 receptor blockade can enhance CD8(+) T cell responses to a simian adenovirus-vectored HIV-1 conserved region immunogen. (ox.ac.uk)

A live oral vaccine against adenovirus types 4 and 7 was approved for use in this population by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011, and subsequent incidence of acute respiratory disease declined. (medscape.com)
Several adenoviruses cause respiratory and conjunctival diseases such as pneumonia, acute follicular conjunctivitis, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, cystitis and gastroenteritis. (biologydiscussion.com)

The technology is built on years of experience perfecting viral vector vaccine technology across multiple indications. (siliconcanals.com)

Adenoviruses were first isolated in human adenoids (tonsils) from which its name is derived. (biologydiscussion.com)

The gene for the adenovirus 2 hexon polypeptide. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Genetic analysis of adenovirus type 2. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The synthesis of antigen (i.e. tumour antigen) occurs by viral DNA which results in increased DNA metabolism in the infected host cell. (biologydiscussion.com)

viral particles or MenACWY as a single intramuscular injection. (liverpool.ac.uk)
In either mechanism, viral particles are prevented from attaching to host cells. (immunecare.co.uk)

Sensing of viral and endogenous RNA by ZBP1/DAI induces necroptosis. (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy25

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