DissectionOcclusionDeep venous thrStenosisMiddle cerebrIschemiaLower extremityPeripheral arteryLeft vertebral arteryAneurysmAneurysmsAtherosclerosisBasilar arteryEmbolismSubarachnoidArterial ThrombosisCoronaryStrokeAtheroscleroticCalled the carotidInfarctionBlood clotRenalIschemicSymptomsDISEASES OF ARTERIESProximalSpinalDistalPosterior communicOccurSuperficialDiagnosisEndovascular treatmentInferiorSubclavianCompressionChiropractic manipulationSegmentAnterior
Dissection27
- Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is a flap-like tear of the inner lining of the vertebral artery, which is located in the neck and supplies blood to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
- The symptoms of vertebral artery dissection include head and neck pain and intermittent or permanent stroke symptoms such as difficulty speaking, impaired coordination, and visual loss. (wikipedia.org)
- Vertebral dissection may occur after physical trauma to the neck, such as a blunt injury (e.g. traffic collision), or strangulation, or after sudden neck movements, i.e. coughing, but may also happen spontaneously. (wikipedia.org)
- Vertebral artery dissection is less common than carotid artery dissection (dissection of the large arteries in the front of the neck). (wikipedia.org)
- Vertebral artery dissection is one of the two types of cervical artery dissection. (wikipedia.org)
- The other type, carotid artery dissection, involves the carotid arteries. (wikipedia.org)
- Vertebral artery dissection is further classified as being either traumatic (caused by mechanical trauma to the neck) or spontaneous, and it may also be classified by the part of the artery involved: extracranial (the part outside the skull) and intracranial (the part inside the skull). (wikipedia.org)
- Head pain occurs in 50-75% of all cases of vertebral artery dissection. (wikipedia.org)
- 8% of all cases of vertebral and carotid dissection are diagnosed on the basis of pain alone. (wikipedia.org)
- If the dissection of the artery extends to the part of the artery that lies inside the skull, subarachnoid hemorrhage may occur (1% of cases). (wikipedia.org)
- 13-16% of all people with vertebral or carotid dissection have dissection in another cervical artery. (wikipedia.org)
- It is therefore possible for the symptoms to occur on both sides, or for symptoms of carotid artery dissection to occur at the same time as those of vertebral artery dissection. (wikipedia.org)
- The causes of vertebral artery dissection can be grouped under two main categories, spontaneous and traumatic. (wikipedia.org)
- The term dissection refers primarily to an elevation or separation of the intimal lining of an artery from the subjacent media and, less frequently, to separation of the media from the adventitia. (medscape.com)
- The second image demonstrates the angiographic characteristics of a chronic subadventitial dissection of the right internal carotid artery. (medscape.com)
- Cervical artery dissection is a major cause of ischemic stroke in young adults, but the diagnosis can be difficult to make because patients may present with benign symptoms such as headache, neck pain, or dizziness. (medscape.com)
- Chronic subadventitial dissection of the right internal carotid artery. (medscape.com)
- The annual incidence of internal carotid artery dissection is 1.72 per 100,000, and vertebral artery dissection 0.97 per 100,000. (medscape.com)
- Spontaneous Dissection of Carotid and Vertebral Arteries. (booksdo.com)
- Four patients suffered aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, one vertebral artery dissection, and one superior sagittal sinus thrombosis. (bvsalud.org)
- Danish doctors reported a critical case of bilateral vertebral artery dissection (VAD) causing embolic occlusion of the basilar artery (BA) in a patient whose symptoms started after chiropractic Spinal manipulative therapy (cSMT). (edzardernst.com)
- Kim YK , Schulman S. Cervical artery dissection: pathology, epidemiology and management. (umaryland.edu)
- Antiplatelet treatment compared with anticoagulation treatment for cervical artery dissection (CADISS): a randomised trial. (medscape.com)
- Thrombolysis in cervical artery dissection--data from the Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischaemic Stroke Patients (CADISP) database. (medscape.com)
- The genetics of cervical artery dissection: a systematic review. (medscape.com)
- Georgiadis D, Arnold M, von Buedingen HC, Valko P, Sarikaya H, Rousson V. Aspirin vs anticoagulation in carotid artery dissection: a study of 298 patients. (medscape.com)
- Axial T1-weighted MRI demonstrating a crescent sign (arrow) in a patient with a left internal carotid artery dissection. (medscape.com)
Occlusion9
- Treatment methods were observation ( n = 6), stent-assisted coil embolization ( n = 9), parent artery occlusion ( n = 6), and flow diversion ( n = 7). (ajnr.org)
- Improvement of the mRS score on follow-up was observed in the flow diversion (6/7, 85.7%) and parent artery occlusion (4/6, 66.7%) groups but not in the stent-assisted coil embolization and observation groups. (ajnr.org)
- A worsened mRS score was most common in the observation group (4/6, 66.7%), followed by stent-assisted coil embolization (3/9, 33.3%), parent artery occlusion (2/6, 33.3%), and flow diversion (0/7, 0%) groups. (ajnr.org)
- When treating intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms with brain stem compression, parent artery occlusion and flow diversion should be considered to reduce aneurysm size and improve the mRS score. (ajnr.org)
- The symptoms due to vertebral artery (VA) occlusion usually manifest within the first 24 hours after trauma. (biomedcentral.com)
- Unilateral occlusion of the vertebral artery seldom results in a neurological deficit if the collateral supply through the other vertebral and posterior inferior arteries is sufficient [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- They can sometimes be associated with spontaneous and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage, branch retinal artery or vein occlusion, and subretinal hemorrhage. (bvsalud.org)
- It is usually by occlusion of the cranial segment of the vertebral artery or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery due to thrombosis or embolism. (jebmh.com)
- In the other three aneurysms (6%), two cases of asymptomatic in-stent thrombosis and one intraprocedural occlusion of the parent vessel occurred. (bmj.com)
Deep venous thr1
- Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is most commonly indicated for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) when anticoagulation therapy is contraindicated. (medscape.com)
Stenosis5
- A, Tear and elevation of the intima from the wall of the artery, resulting in luminal stenosis. (medscape.com)
- Stroke due to large artery stenosis-from atherosclerosis in the carotid, vertebral or intracranial vessels-is probably primarily thromboembolic secondary to thrombosis at the site of stenosis, rather than haemodynamic. (bmj.com)
- for example, in a patient with a territorial infarct, finding atrial fibrillation suggests a cardioembolic cause, or finding a ipsilateral carotid stenosis suggests a large artery stroke. (bmj.com)
- Unilateral infarction in the watershed regions, and particularly the internal border zone region, raises the possibility of ipsilateral carotid or middle cerebral artery stenosis ( figure 2 ). (bmj.com)
- If the carotid duplex is negative, imaging of the more distal carotid artery with CT angiography or MR angiography may identify a stenosis. (bmj.com)
Middle cerebr2
- The largest branch is the middle cerebral artery. (childneurologyfoundation.org)
- Middle Cerebral Artery. (booksdo.com)
Ischemia4
- Patients with symptomatic vertebrobasilar ischemia who cannot be treated with surgery or investigational endoluminal therapy may be treated medically with antiplatelet agents or with long-term anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis. (medscape.com)
- Acute spinal cord ischemia syndrome (ASCIS) is predictably due primarily to pathology in the anterior spinal artery, its feeders or its branches. (biomedcentral.com)
- Mid-thoracic levels are most vulnerable to ischemia (for example, as a result of thrombosis) as there is only one radicular artery supplying the anterior spinal artery in this region, and sparse anastomoses. (biomedcentral.com)
- The classic presentation for anterior spinal artery ischemia or infarct is sensory deficits in the following pattern: distal to the lesion, pain and temperature are lost bilaterally (owing to the involvement of anterolateral spinothalamic tracts), but light touch, vibration and position sense are preserved (owing to sparing of dorsal columns). (biomedcentral.com)
Lower extremity4
- 2016 AHA/ACC guideline on the management of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. (thieme-connect.com)
- ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries: the Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). (thieme-connect.com)
- INTRODUCTION - The most common presentations of venous thrombosis are deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity and pulmonary embolism. (medilib.ir)
- See "Superficial vein thrombosis and phlebitis of the lower extremity veins" . (medilib.ir)
Peripheral artery3
- The purpose of this analysis was to assess potential predictors of intra-cranial bleeding (ICB) and gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) in UK primary care. (thieme-connect.com)
- Secondary prevention and mortality in peripheral artery disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Study, 1999 to 2004. (thieme-connect.com)
- 4 Cea Soriano L, Fowkes FGR, Johansson S, Allum AM, García Rodriguez LA. Cardiovascular outcomes for patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease: a cohort study in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) in the UK. (thieme-connect.com)
Left vertebral artery1
- Symptoms remitted after endovascular therapy, which included dilatation of the left vertebral artery (VA) and extraction of thrombus from the BA. (edzardernst.com)
Aneurysm3
- The authors report the case of a patient with a right vertebral artery (VA)-PICA aneurysm that was reached via a contralateral far-lateral approach. (thejns.org)
- Thrombosis of an aneurysm does not decrease the risk of bleeding. (dergisi.org)
- In these report, we did not visualized the vertebral artery which extends after the aneurysm. (dergisi.org)
Aneurysms2
- Numerous nuanced approaches have been used to access posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms for microsurgical clipping. (thejns.org)
- As with other flow diverter devices, we recommend this treatment mainly for large-necked aneurysms of the internal carotid artery siphon. (bmj.com)
Atherosclerosis1
- Atherosclerosis is a classic calcification of the arteries. (bestitude.com)
Basilar artery5
- Evidence to guide patient selection for IA therapy in acute basilar artery thrombosis is lacking. (ajnr.org)
- We included 40 consecutive patients with basilar artery thrombosis treated with IA therapy. (ajnr.org)
- Low GCS score did not correlate with poor neurologic outcome in patients with acute basilar artery thrombosis managed with IA therapy. (ajnr.org)
- Acute basilar artery thrombosis is an infrequent but catastrophic subtype of posterior circulation ischemic stroke that carries a mortality rate of 80%-90% without treatment. (ajnr.org)
- The posterior circulation is supplied by the vertebral arteries that combine to form the basilar artery which then divides into the posterior cerebral arteries . (radiopaedia.org)
Embolism2
- SUPERFICIAL VEIN THROMBOSIS - Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT), a less severe disorder than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), occurs in both inherited and acquired thrombophilic states and may progress to DVT and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) [ 10-13 ]. (medilib.ir)
- used for prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and thromboembolic disorders. (medscape.com)
Subarachnoid2
- This arises due to rupture of the artery and accumulation of blood in the subarachnoid space. (wikipedia.org)
- These are Pial lined interstitial fluid filled structures that accompany penetrating arteries, do not communicate with subarachnoid space. (neuroradiologycases.com)
Arterial Thrombosis2
- We aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors for cannula-associated arterial thrombosis (CaAT) post-decannulation. (accjournal.org)
- We suggest screening for arterial thrombosis following VA-ECMO, and further research is needed to determine the risks and benefits of such screening. (accjournal.org)
Coronary1
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by atherosclerotic plaque formation in the coronary arteries and underlies ischaemic heart disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. (thrombosisadviser.com)
Stroke7
- The vertebral artery supplies the part of the brain that lies in the posterior fossa of the skull, and this type of stroke is therefore called a posterior circulation infarct. (wikipedia.org)
- The basilar thrombosis is a special form of the insult (stroke). (bestitude.com)
- The three main subtypes are: large artery stroke, cardioembolic stroke and lacunar stroke. (bmj.com)
- Stroke secondary to cardioembolism also has a thromboembolic basis, although from thrombosis occurring in the heart. (bmj.com)
- The exact mechanisms underlying lacunar stroke are uncertain, and there is debate about the role of thrombosis as a final mediating mechanism causing ischaemia. (bmj.com)
- Genetic data suggest that risk factors relating to altered coagulation are important for both cardioembolic and large artery stroke, but less so for small vessel stroke. (bmj.com)
- Carotid or vertebral artery injury following blunt trauma is a rare (%1 of blunt trauma), but a potentially serious injury potentially causing stroke and long-term disability. (umaryland.edu)
Atherosclerotic1
- 1, 2 Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque can lead to the formation of a blood clot in the artery. (thrombosisadviser.com)
Called the carotid1
- They are called the carotid arteries. (childneurologyfoundation.org)
Infarction8
- Hardened arteries are often the cause of a brainstem infarction. (whicheverhealth.com)
- The main cause of a brainstem infarction is what is known as arteriosclerosis, i.e. hardening of the arteries. (whicheverhealth.com)
- Arteries that run in the area of the brainstem and can therefore also play an important role in brainstem infarction are two vertebral arteries. (whicheverhealth.com)
- If one or both vertebral arteries are hardened, the blood supply is restricted and a brainstem infarction can occur. (whicheverhealth.com)
- Such basilar thrombosis can lead to a severe brainstem infarction or locked-in syndrome, the most severe form of brainstem infarction. (whicheverhealth.com)
- 3 This is known as atherothrombosis and can lead to restricted blood flow through the artery, potentially causing myocardial infarction. (thrombosisadviser.com)
- The doctor speaks of a basilar thrombosis when one of the two (or both) vertebral arteries is blocked, a blood clot forms and the brainstem infarction is triggered. (bestitude.com)
- The course of the basilar thrombosis depends primarily on how severely the patient is affected by the infarction. (bestitude.com)
Blood clot2
- After the tear, blood enters the arterial wall and forms a blood clot, thickening the artery wall and often impeding blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
- AIS occurs when an artery is blocked by a blood clot. (childneurologyfoundation.org)
Renal1
- In addition, the inflow from the renal veins can be seen at the level of the L1 vertebral body. (medscape.com)
Ischemic2
- Vertebral artery reconstruction can be performed successfully with fewer ischemic complications than carotid artery surgery and with durable long-term results. (medscape.com)
- Differences in demographic characteristics and risk factors in patients with spontaneous vertebral artery dissections with and without ischemic events. (medscape.com)
Symptoms2
- A basilar thrombosis can lead to very serious and dangerous symptoms. (bestitude.com)
- Symptoms of vertebral injury may include ipsilateral facial pain and numbness, headache, ataxia, or dizziness. (umaryland.edu)
DISEASES OF ARTERIES1
Proximal3
- The main option for treating offending ostial lesions (V1 segment) is transposition of the proximal vertebral artery onto the common carotid artery. (medscape.com)
- The approach to the proximal vertebral artery is the same as the approach for a subclavian to carotid transposition. (medscape.com)
- The vertebral vein emerges from the angle formed by the longus colli and scalenus anticus and overlies the proximal vertebral artery. (medscape.com)
Spinal6
- The spinal or vertebral column. (lookformedical.com)
- First described by Spiller in 1909 [ 2 ], thrombosis of the anterior spinal artery is often due to fracture of a cervical vertebra or a cervical hyperextension injury. (biomedcentral.com)
- The spinal circulation comprises two paired posterior spinal arteries running down the dorsum of the cord and a single anterior artery found in the median fissure. (biomedcentral.com)
- Up to eight radicular arteries are established during development and supply the anterior spinal artery, the largest of which is the artery of Adamkiewicz between T9 and T11. (biomedcentral.com)
- The territory of the anterior spinal artery covers the anterolateral and corticospinal tracts, but not the dorsal columns. (biomedcentral.com)
- Chiropractic spinal adjusting has never been linked to injury to the carotid artery. (drjosephpengecir.com)
Distal4
- however, ligation (at the C1-C2 level) and bypass to the distal (V3 segment) vertebral artery may be indicated. (medscape.com)
- Reconstruction of the distal (V3 segment) vertebral artery is usually performed at the C1-C2 level. (medscape.com)
- and (3) transposition of the distal vertebral artery to the side of the distal internal carotid artery. (medscape.com)
- Reconstruction at this level is limited to saphenous vein bypass from the distal internal carotid artery. (medscape.com)
Posterior communic1
- Due to the anastomotic circle of Willis , the posterior circulation connects via the posterior communicating arteries to the anterior circulation . (radiopaedia.org)
Occur1
- Psychological complaints can also occur due to the basilar thrombosis, whereby the parents or relatives can also be affected by these complaints. (bestitude.com)
Superficial1
- CaAT occurred in 29 patients (61.7%), with thrombosis in the superficial femoral artery accounting for 51.7% of cases. (accjournal.org)
Diagnosis2
- The correct diagnosis is perched facet joint, a vertebral facet joint whose inferior articular process appears to sit "perched" on the ipsilateral superior articular process of the vertebra below. (jucm.com)
- However, this is only rarely used - as part of the diagnosis of a basilar thrombosis. (bestitude.com)
Endovascular treatment1
- Endovascular treatment of vertebral artery dissections and pseudoaneurysms. (medscape.com)
Inferior1
- SSK Okmeydanı Eğitim Hastanesi, Nöroşirürji Kliniği, İstanbul We present a case of partially thrombosed giant aneursym of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). (dergisi.org)
Subclavian2
- The vertebral and subclavian vessels are now visible. (medscape.com)
- The vertebral artery is dissected superiorly up to the level of the tendon of the longus colli and inferiorly to its origin from the subclavian artery, exposing 2-3 centimeters of length. (medscape.com)
Compression1
- Extrinsic lesions can be corrected to relieve kinking or compression of the artery. (medscape.com)
Chiropractic manipulation1
- Published studies have documented neck manipulations by lay people (barber, masseuse, hair dresser, kung fu instructor, untrained family member, etc.), resulting in vertebral artery injury, and attributing the injury to "chiropractic manipulation" when in fact it was not. (drjosephpengecir.com)
Segment1
- The most common indication for exposure of the V3 segment of the artery is for control of hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
Anterior3
- Anterior Cerebral Artery. (booksdo.com)
- The vertebral artery is freed from the sympathetic trunk resting on its anterior surface without damaging the trunk or the ganglionic rami. (medscape.com)
- After dividing the vertebral artery at its origin, it can be transposed to a position anterior to the sympathetics without causing them harm. (medscape.com)