The protein structure consists of an outer shell composed of 78 copies of the ~100 kDa major vault protein (MVP). (wikipedia.org)
Homologs of the major vault protein has been computationally found in bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
When the major vault protein (MVP) is expressed in insect cells, vault particles are assembled on polyribosomes in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
By using molecular genetic techniques to modify the gene encoding the major vault protein, vault particles have been produced with chemically active peptides attached to their sequence. (wikipedia.org)
The major vault protein (MVP) is the main constituent of the vault ribonucleoprotein particle. (openaire.eu)
Vaults are composed of many copies of the major vault protein, which assembles to form a hollow football-shaped shell. (rcsb.org)
Like the major vault protein, many proteins fold to form a string of repeated compact domains. (rcsb.org)
W. Berger, E. Steiner, M. Grusch, L. Elbling and M. Micksche (2009) Vaults and the major vault protein: novel roles in signal pathway regulation and immunity. (rcsb.org)
Ribosome1
There are huge RNP complexes such as RNA viruses, vault complex, ribosome, spliceosome , heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particles ( hnRNP ) and smaller ones: telomerase, replicase, RNase P, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases etc. (mdpi.com)
Complexes2
Despite not being fully elucidated, vaults have been associated with the nuclear pore complexes and their octagonal shape appears to support this. (wikipedia.org)
For the Special Issue "Molecular Regulation and Mechanism of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes" of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences we accept original research manuscripts and reviews highlighting different structural and functional aspects of any ribonucleoprotein сomplex. (mdpi.com)
Consist2
The vaults consist primarily of proteins, making it difficult to stain with conventional techniques. (wikipedia.org)
Ribonucleoprotein сomplexes consist of ribonucleic acid s and RNA-binding protein s. (mdpi.com)
Proteins5
Inside are two associated vault proteins, TEP1 and VPARP. (wikipedia.org)
The three vault proteins (MVP, VPARP, and TEP1) have each been knocked out individually and in combination (VPARP and TEP1) in mice. (wikipedia.org)
These modified proteins are incorporated into the inside of the vault particle without altering its basic structure. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins and peptides can also be packaged into vaults by attachment of a packaging domain derived from the VPARP protein. (wikipedia.org)
A multicomponent, ribonucleoprotein complex comprised of one of the family of ARGONAUTE PROTEINS and the "guide strand" of the one of the 20- to 30-nucleotide small RNAs. (nih.gov)
Researchers1
In the late 1990s, researchers found that vaults (especially the MVP) were over-expressed in cancer patients who were diagnosed with multidrug resistance, that is the resistance against many chemotherapy treatments. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular3
Vaults have been implicated in a broad range of cellular functions including nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, mRNA localization, drug resistance, cell signaling, nuclear pore assembly, and innate immunity. (wikipedia.org)
If vaults are involved in essential cellular functions, it seems likely that redundant systems exist that can ameliorate their loss. (wikipedia.org)
Ribonucleoprotein сomplexes (RNP) are essential in all cellular life forms: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes and even in non-cellular infectious agent s - RNA viruses. (mdpi.com)
Essential1
An essential ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase that adds telomeric DNA to the ends of eukaryotic CHROMOSOMES . (nih.gov)
In our own cells, vaults are a spectacular example of these protein-enclosed compartments. (rcsb.org)
Inside cells, the vault also encloses a few other molecules, which were not seen in the crystal structure because they don't have a symmetrical structure inside the vault. (rcsb.org)
Several small1
Vaults from higher eukaryotes also contain one or several small vault RNAs (vRNAs, also known as vtRNAs) of 86-141 bases within. (wikipedia.org)
Function1
The vault or vault cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein is a eukaryotic organelle whose function is not yet fully understood. (wikipedia.org)
Shell1
From the N-terminal to the C-terminal, a MVP subunit folds into 9 repeat domains, 1 band7-like shoulder domain, 1 cap-helix domain, and 1 cap-ring domain, corresponding to the shape of the vault shell. (wikipedia.org)
High1
Despite these exceptions, the high degree of similarity of vaults in organisms that do have them implies some sort of evolutionary importance. (wikipedia.org)
Huge1
The vault is a huge symmetrical structure composed of 78 identical chains. (rcsb.org)
Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles2
Large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles that have an eight-fold symmetry with a central pore and petal-like structure giving the appearance of an octagonal dome. (nih.gov)
The major vault protein (MVP) is the predominant constituent of ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles of unknown function. (silverchair.com)
Multidrug resistance4
In the late 1990s, researchers found that vaults (especially the MVP) were over-expressed in cancer patients who were diagnosed with multidrug resistance, that is the resistance against many chemotherapy treatments. (wikipedia.org)
13. Expression profiles of vault components MVP, TEP1 and vPARP and their correlation to other multidrug resistance proteins in ovarian cancer. (nih.gov)
16. Cellular functions of vaults and their involvement in multidrug resistance. (nih.gov)
Although the role in multidrug resistance has been suggested, the physiological function of vaults remains unclear. (openaire.eu)
Recombinant3
1. Cryoelectron microscopy imaging of recombinant and tissue derived vaults: localization of the MVP N termini and VPARP. (nih.gov)
Nonetheless, we and other folks [26?8] also found that recombinant vaults can interact with host immune cells and display self-adjuvanting properties, distinguishing them from other vaccine preparations. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
In addition, we reported that vaults engineered to include a recombinant Chlamydia protein (MOMP-vault vaccine) induced robust protective anti-chlamydial immune responses with no eliciting excessive inflammation as measured by TNF- production [29]. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
Drug-resistance2
Vaults have been implicated in a broad range of cellular functions including nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, mRNA localization, drug resistance, cell signaling, nuclear pore assembly, and innate immunity. (wikipedia.org)
Although this does not prove that increased number of vaults led to drug resistance, it does hint at some sort of involvement. (wikipedia.org)
PARP1
2. The formation of vault-tubes: a dynamic interaction between vaults and vault PARP. (nih.gov)
Protein2
20. The Mr 193,000 vault protein is up-regulated in multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. (nih.gov)
RVFV's nucleocapsid protein (N) is an RNA-binding protein that is necessary for viral transcription, replication, and the production of nascent viral particles. (mdpi.com)
Insect1
In vitro expression of MVP in insect cell can type hollow vault-like particles identical to native vaults [25]. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
Symmetry2
Discovered and isolated by Nancy Kedersha and Leonard Rome in 1986, vaults are cytoplasmic organelles which, when negative-stained and viewed under an electron microscope, resemble the arches of a cathedral's vaulted ceiling, with 39-fold (or D39d) symmetry. (wikipedia.org)
10. A vault ribonucleoprotein particle exhibiting 39-fold dihedral symmetry. (nih.gov)
Telomerase1
14. Vault poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is associated with mammalian telomerase and is dispensable for telomerase function and vault structure in vivo. (nih.gov)
Nuclear3
Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (jefferson.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear" by people in this website by year, and whether "Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (jefferson.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear" by people in Profiles. (jefferson.edu)
RNAs2
Vaults from higher eukaryotes also contain one or several small vault RNAs (vRNAs, also known as vtRNAs) of 86-141 bases within. (wikipedia.org)
In parallel, to precisely measure intracellular N levels, we employed multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS). Our results show that N binds mostly to host RNAs at early stages of infection, yielding nascent virus particles of reduced infectivity. (mdpi.com)
Innate1
Our data additional recommended that the vault vaccine induced inflammasomes, an innate immune response that could possibly account for the self-adjuvanting home of vault-vaccines upon phagocytosis. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
Large2
Vaults are large ribonucleoprotein particles. (wikipedia.org)
The Rome lab at UCLA has collaborated with a number of groups to use the baculovirus system to produce large quantities of vaults. (wikipedia.org)
Poly1
8. Increased susceptibility of vault poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-deficient mice to carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis. (nih.gov)
Assembly1
Gabanella F, Butchbach ME, Saieva L, Carissimi C, Burghes AH, Pellizzoni L. Ribonucleoprotein assembly defects correlate with spinal muscular atrophy severity and preferentially affect a subset of spliceosomal snRNPs. (jefferson.edu)
Include1
The NLRP3 inflammasome may also be stimulated by huge particles which include monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, silica, nanoparticles, and also the adjuvant, alum, which can bring about lysosomal damage right after engulfment by phagocytes and also the release of lysosomal proteases such as cathepsin B [36?8]. (dhfrinhibitor.com)
Domain2
From the N-terminal to the C-terminal, a MVP subunit folds into 9 repeat domains, 1 band7-like shoulder domain, 1 cap-helix domain, and 1 cap-ring domain, corresponding to the shape of the vault shell. (wikipedia.org)
6. RNA location and modeling of a WD40 repeat domain within the vault. (nih.gov)
Development1
5. Sea urchin vault structure, composition, and differential localization during development. (nih.gov)