• While VPF/VEGF induces vascular hyperpermeability, other potent angiogenic factors apparently do not, at least in subtoxic concentrations that are more than sufficient to induce angiogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • How, therefore, do angiogenic factors other than VPF/VEGF lead to the formation of new and leaky blood vessels? (nih.gov)
  • One possibility is that at least some angiogenic factors mediate their effect by inducing or stimulating the expression of VPF/VEGF. (nih.gov)
  • As its name implies, VEGF activity has been mostly studied on cells of the vascular endothelium, although it does have effects on a number of other cell types (e.g. stimulation monocyte/ macrophagemigration, neurons, cancer cells, kidney epithelial cells ).VEGF mediates increased vascular permeability, induces angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, promotes cell migration, and inhibits apoptosis. (prospecbio.com)
  • VEGF is also a vasodilator and increases microvascular permeability and was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor. (prospecbio.com)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a signal protein, well established as key regulator of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. (springer.com)
  • Eyes with Coats disease exhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Nine enucleated eyes with Coats disease were analyzed, and immunoreactivity for VEGF and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) was detected in macrophages and endothelia of abnormal vessels. (medscape.com)
  • 6. VEGF and PlGF: two pleiotropic growth factors with distinct roles in development and homeostasis. (nih.gov)
  • 12. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (Flt-1 and Flk-1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • 14. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a novel approach for cancer therapy. (nih.gov)
  • ABSTRACT We evaluated the prognostic value of serum endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. (who.int)
  • Nous avons déterminé la concentration d'endostatine et de VEGF dans le sérum de 20 femmes non enceintes en bonne santé et de 64 femmes enceintes : 20 en bonne santé, 20 ayant une prééclampsie bénigne et 24 une prééclampsie grave. (who.int)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in physiological vasculogenesis and vascular permeability and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. (who.int)
  • We investigated the relationship of VEGF as an angiogenic growth factor and endostatin as an angiogenic inhibitor in patients with pre-eclampsia. (who.int)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA or VEGF) is a growth factor and signaling protein involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and endothelial cell grown. (nih.gov)
  • This test measures the amount of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in your blood. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • VEGF-A, a potent angiogenic factor, is a prime target for the treatment of ocular pathologies that involve neovascularization and vascular permeability, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), macular edema, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (arvojournals.org)
  • Biological output by VEGF is mediated through distinct receptor/co-receptor complexes and generates signals in all cellular compartments triggering cellular responses such as cell migration, cell proliferation, vessel formation and maturation, as well as changes in vessel fenestration, constriction and permeability. (smw.ch)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) binds to VEGF receptor-1 and regulates plasminogen activator activity in endothelial cells. (smw.ch)
  • Takahashi H, Shibuya M. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor system and its role under physiological and pathological conditions. (smw.ch)
  • We investigated the impact of bevacizumab, antihuman vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody, and anticonnective tissue growth factor (anti-CTGF) neutralizing antibody, individually or in combination, on proangiogenic and profibrotic properties of RPE cells. (molvis.org)
  • Pancreatic islets are highly vascularized mini-organs and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A is normally a critical factor in the development of islet vascularization. (sciencepop.org)
  • Islet endocrine cells produce multiple factors from the VEGF angiopoietin and ephrin families with VEGF-A being the predominant regulator of islet angiogenesis and vascularization. (sciencepop.org)
  • Within an alternative strategy VEGF signaling inhibitors given to adult mice proven the need for VEGF-A in keeping the islet vascular denseness and permeability (13). (sciencepop.org)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important signaling protein involved in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. (prospecbio.com)
  • Angiogenesis can be controlled through different anti-angiogenic and pro-angiogenic factors (Drevs et al. (springer.com)
  • 3. Vascular endothelial growth factors and angiogenesis in eye disease. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma: its correlation with angiogenesis and disease progression. (nih.gov)
  • Integrin and growth factor receptor alliance in angiogenesis. (smw.ch)
  • The regulation of vascular permeability, leukocyte trafficking, and the integrity of endothelial cell-cell contacts are closely linked by a complex mechanism of interregulation. (nih.gov)
  • Bates, D. O. & Harper, S. J. Regulation of vascular permeability by vascular endothelial growth factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The medulla produces adrenaline and noradrenaline, two catecholamine hormones which play roles in blood pressure regulation, vascular permeability and blood glucose level maintenance. (bayho.com)
  • Our results demonstrate the important role of the glutathione redox cycle in TNF-mediated disturbances of the vascular endothelium and indicate that modulation of glutathione levels may potentiate the injurious effects of this inflammatory cytokine. (nih.gov)
  • PDT may cause direct tumor cell kill or activate endothelial cells to release vasoactive compounds that provoke vascular stasis followed by indirect damage to malignant cells. (snmjournals.org)
  • They are highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and are critical for the physiological and pathological growth, development and maintenance of blood and lymphatic vessels. (usda.gov)
  • In addition to cell or vascular damage, release of vasoactive components may produce an inflammatory response into the tumor and surrounding tissues. (snmjournals.org)
  • Microdialysis allows the simultaneous assessment of the temporal variations of inflammatory mediator release in the skin as well as the monitoring of vascular and sensory functions. (medicaljournals.se)
  • We hypothesized that MWCNT inhalation exposure alters broad spectrum MMP activity, leading to serum-borne factors that enhance vascular permeability and activate inflammatory pathways. (cdc.gov)
  • Inflammatory factors, such as cytokines and adhesion molecules, have been shown to be involved in the development and propagation of the atherosclerotic lesion. (nih.gov)
  • These mediators cause vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, mucus hypersecretion, smooth muscle spasm, and tissue infiltration with eosinophils, type 2 helper T (TH2) cells, and other inflammatory cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Presence of reactive oxygen species ( ROS or free radicals) generated from inflammatory pathways combined with loss of stored anti‐oxidants from extrinsic factors further potentiates inflammation‐mediated skin damage [ 6 - 10 ]. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Transition from the inflammatory phase of skin repair to the granulation phase is again mediated by a variety of growth factors, cytokines and exosomes derived from macrophages, epidermal keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Establishment of the functional blood vasculature involves extensive cellular rearrangement controlled by growth factors, chemokines and flow-mediated shear forces. (nature.com)
  • 2. Vascular endothelial growth factors and receptors are up-regulated during development of apical periodontitis. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Localization and signaling patterns of vascular endothelial growth factors and receptors in human periapical lesions. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Lymphatic versus blood vascular endothelial growth factors and receptors in humans. (nih.gov)
  • The original member of the family of endothelial cell growth factors referred to as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS. (umassmed.edu)
  • A family of closely related receptor protein-tyrosine kinases that bind vascular endothelial growth factors. (usda.gov)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) regulate blood and lymph vessel formation through activation of the type V receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR-1, -2 and -3. (smw.ch)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factors encoded by Orf virus show surprising sequence variation but have a conserved, functionally relevant structure. (smw.ch)
  • Viral vascular endothelial growth factors vary extensively in amino acid sequence, receptor-binding specificities, and the ability to induce vascular permeability yet are uniformly active mitogens. (smw.ch)
  • Jussila L, Alitalo K. Vascular growth factors and lymphangiogenesis. (smw.ch)
  • Due to the profile of released mediators (such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, etc.), neoplastic cells modulate the activity of immune system, directly affecting its components both locally and peripherally. (hindawi.com)
  • Cellular growth factors that promote wound healing may accelerate reversal of aging. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Multiple clinical studies show efficacy of products containing cellular growth factors and other secreted components. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • This chapter discusses cellular growth factors and other secreted components such as exosomes, which are responsible for stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation, and overall skin health. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Growth factors and exosomes, studied in wound healing models, have been adapted as cosmeceuticals for their ability to improve the appearance of aging skin. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Figure 39.1 shows the stages of skin damage and repair and role of key growth factors in each stage. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Each stage of wound healing is also affected by exosomes secreted from various cells present in the wound bed and surrounding areas, these are most likely the same cells that produce growth factors [ 4 , 5 ]. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • A variety of growth factors and exosomes flood the site of skin damage and interact synergistically to initiate and coordinate each phase of wound healing. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Successful resolution of skin damage requires a balance between development of inflammation and its rapid resolution which includes involvement of cell‐derived secreted components such as growth factors, cytokines and contents of exosomes (identified in Figure 39.1 ) during every stage of wound healing [ 4 , 11 ]. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • The use of growth factors, cytokines and other secreted substances in skin rejuvenation is becoming an important part of overall antiaging regimens. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • Most natural sources of growth factors also secrete exosomes as part of their secreted biomaterials. (plasticsurgerykey.com)
  • The pathophysiology of AMS is not clearly understood but involves alterations in fluid balance, endothelial function, vascular permeability, inflammation, and oxidative stress. (hindawi.com)
  • Inflammation in vascular structures due to external factors such as injury or infection inevitably leads to blood leakage . (bvsalud.org)
  • Certain circRNAs, such as circRNA ankyrin repeat domain 36, circRNA homeodomain‑interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) and circRNA WD repeat domain 77, are associated with inflammation, endothelial cell apoptosis and smooth muscle cell proliferation, leading to vascular endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • With an albumin binding, NOTA conjugated truncated Evan's blue (NEB) dye derived PET tracer, we aimed to establish a strategy for evaluating vascular permeability in malignant tumors via non-invasive PET. (nih.gov)
  • It follows that ZnPcS 2 -PDT induces largely direct cell kill, whereas with AlPcS 4 -PDT, the tumor vascular system is initially affected and indirect tumor cell death occurs afterward ( 9 , 10 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Live-imaging following intravascular injection of fluorescent tracers, allowed for recording of VEGFA-induced permeability. (nature.com)
  • The process relies on the presence of Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and the activation of VEGFR2 that promotes the explorative and migratory behaviour of ECs 1 . (nature.com)
  • Expression and activity of proangiogenic and profibrotic genes including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and 9, VEGFA, CTGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), cathepsin D, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) −1 and −2, and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were assessed with slot blot, real-time RT-PCR, and zymography. (molvis.org)
  • Most studies have looked at the receptor tyrosine kinases and examples of these are platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). (wikipedia.org)
  • Injection of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 into the preovulatory follicle disrupts ovulation and subsequent luteal function in rhesus monkeys. (oregonstate.edu)
  • 30 nM) against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)/platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) families and the Src family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We also discuss how the biological consequences of aberrant receptor trafficking bear on the development of vascular disease. (smw.ch)
  • Identification of a new endothelial cell growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. (smw.ch)
  • Identification of placental growth factor determinants for binding and activation of Flt-1 receptor. (smw.ch)
  • Correspondingly, reduced KRIT1 expression increased baseline arteriole and venule permeability 2-fold over that of wild-type littermates, as measured by intravital microscopy of the intact cremaster muscle vascular network, but this increase was not accompanied by increased leukocyte extravasation or activation. (nih.gov)
  • Evaluation of Vascular Permeability in Inflamed Vessels of the Cremaster Muscle in Live Mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • to understand the mechanisms directing normal islet vascularization has focused on the role of islet-derived angiogenic factors. (sciencepop.org)
  • The composition of the choroidal interstitial fluid in turn is influenced by the degree of choroidal vascular permeability. (medscape.com)
  • Any pathologic process that affects choroidal vascular permeability can potentially cause an exudative retinal detachment. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to stimulating vascular growth and vascular permeability it may play a role in stimulating VASODILATION via NITRIC OXIDE-dependent pathways. (umassmed.edu)
  • The relative contribution of the 2 main pathways to overall tumor response depends on the distribution of the photosensitizer among cellular or vascular compartments, which in turn depends on the chemical nature of the photosensitizing drug ( 7 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Overproduction of superoxides by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain seems to activate pathways that have been suggested to be involved in the vascular complications caused by hyperglycemia. (nih.gov)
  • The data found that thalidomide significantly inhibited Aβ-peptide-induced vascular changes including endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenic activity and leakiness of the blood-brain In addition, thalidomide was found to block both microgliosis and astrogliosis, and thalidomide treatment was also associated with a significant reduction in hippocampal neuronal loss. (nih.gov)
  • Another technique uses multiphoton fluorescence intravital microscopy through which the flow is related to fluorescence intensity and the permeability is estimated from the Patlak transformation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The humanised monoclonal antibody fragment ranibizumab binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor, a key driver of macular oedema in RVO. (bmj.com)
  • Antigen binds to IgE that is bound to tissue mast cells and blood basophils, triggering release of preformed mediators (eg, histamine, proteases, chemotactic factors) and synthesis of other mediators (eg, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, cytokines). (msdmanuals.com)
  • It also regulates angiogenic factors and vascular permeability after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and regulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity after intracerebral hemorrhage. (wikipedia.org)
  • We hypothesize that a combined measure of cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability using vascular-space occupancy (VASO) MR imaging, a recently developed imaging technique, is of diagnostic value for predicting tumor grade. (ajnr.org)
  • VASO MR imaging can be used for noninvasive tumor grade prediction based on cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability. (ajnr.org)
  • The outer blood-retinal barrier is broken down and causes increased vascular permeability. (medscape.com)
  • Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common cause of retinal vascular disease, resulting in potentially irreversible loss of vision despite the existence of several therapeutic options. (bmj.com)
  • Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), the second most common cause of retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy, is a frequent cause of vision loss. (bmj.com)
  • Modulation of the glutathione redox cycle may influence tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-mediated disturbances of endothelial integrity. (nih.gov)
  • Vascular integrity was evaluated via electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) assay, and confocal assessment of intracellular gap formation. (cdc.gov)
  • The renal response to HA is an important factor in acclimatization, and HA exposure leads to renal arteriole constriction and relative hypoxia [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 2007. Vascular disorders and thrombosis. (nih.gov)
  • An example of increased vascular permeability is in the initial lesion of periodontal disease, in which the gingival plexus becomes engorged and dilated, allowing large numbers of neutrophils to extravasate and appear within the junctional epithelium and underlying connective tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • namely, that vascular hyperpermeability and consequent plasma protein extravasation are important, perhaps essential, elements in its generation. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we investigate the role of Krev interaction-trapped 1 (KRIT1), an adherens junction accessory protein required for cell-cell junction stability, in regulating these vascular functions. (nih.gov)
  • Alternative splicing of the mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor A results in several isoforms of the protein being produced. (umassmed.edu)
  • The drug is a recombinant fusion protein that diminishes Smad2/3 signaling by binding several endogenous transforming growth factor-beta superfamily ligands. (medscape.com)
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
  • Direct stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α induced increased permeability in wild-type mice, but surprisingly no increase over baseline levels was observed in Krit1(+/-) mice, despite extensive leukocyte activation. (nih.gov)
  • Some factors synthesized and released by neoplastic cells can induce leukocyte chemotaxis, including peripheral monocytes and macrophages located in the surrounding tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • 13. Effects of roxithromycin on tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human periodontal ligament cells in culture. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human periodontal tissues: comparison of healthy and diabetic patients. (nih.gov)
  • Edema is the result of alteration in any of the factors that regulate normal fluid distribution among the plasma, interstitium, and cells, such as increased vascular permeability, increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure, decreased intravascular osmotic pressure, and decreased lymphatic drainage. (nih.gov)
  • Most patients with FUO have autoimmune or collagen vascular disease or a neoplasm-responsible for up to 54% of all cases. (snmjournals.org)
  • that is, they induce immune response aimed at the rapid elimination of the infectious factors. (hindawi.com)
  • RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Background Prevention and treatment of micro-and macro-vascular complications remain critical problems in the management of patients with diabetes mellitus. (nih.gov)
  • For instance, the cannulation of a single microvessel with a micropipette, the microvessel is perfused with a certain pressure, occluded downstream and then the velocity of some cells will be related to the permeability. (wikipedia.org)
  • More hydrophobic or amphophilic photosensitizers such as disulfonated ZnPcS 2 are preferentially transported by lipoproteins, which are taken up directly by tumor cells, whereas hydrophilic photosensitizers such as tetrasulfonated AlPcS 4 are transported largely by albumin and deposited mainly in the vascular stroma of tumors ( 8 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • These processes lead to the selection of a pool of immunocompetent cells, specialized in the destruction of a given factor. (hindawi.com)
  • One of the factors produced by these cells that support osteoclast formation is macrophage colony-stimulating factor, M-CSF (Wiktor-Jedrzejczak et al. (justia.com)
  • This endothelial structure was comprised of highly intercellular adhesion molecule-1- and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-enriched vertical microvilli-like projections that surrounded transmigrating leukocytes and drove redistribution of their integrins into linear tracks oriented parallel to the direction of diapedesis. (rupress.org)
  • We previously demonstrated that acute MWCNT exposure led to impaired vascular reactivity that was dependent on MMP-9 activation and CD36 signaling. (cdc.gov)