• Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by lung endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodeling. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection primarily affects the pulmonary system, but accumulating evidence suggests that it also affects the pan-vasculature in the extrapulmonary systems by directly (via virus infection) or indirectly (via cytokine storm), causing endothelial dysfunction (endotheliitis, endothelialitis and endotheliopathy) and multi-organ injury. (nature.com)
  • The purpose of this review is to provide a latest summary of biomarkers associated with endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 and offer mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of endothelial activation/dysfunction in macro- and micro-vasculature of COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
  • We envisage further development of cellular models and suitable animal models mimicking endothelial dysfunction aspect of COVID-19 being able to accelerate the discovery of new drugs targeting endothelial dysfunction in pan-vasculature from COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
  • A number of viral species, such as dengue, ebola and cytomegalovirus can infect endothelial cells (ECs) and cause endothelial dysfunction [ 5 ]. (nature.com)
  • Taken together, the concerted actions of above factors lead to dysfunctional status of the vascular endothelium (endothelial dysfunction) (Fig. 1 ) [ 14 ]. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 1: SARS-CoV-2 induced endothelial dysfunction. (nature.com)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the balance of endothelial protective molecules and endothelial damaging molecules, leading to endothelial dysfunction. (nature.com)
  • Salt sensitivity is often associated with endothelial dysfunction due to reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and endothelial NO synthase activity, which impairs vasodilation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Centre to participate in the study as con- lar endothelial dysfunction, and plays an trols. (who.int)
  • When the regulatory balance is adversely affected, dysfunction of endothelial cells may occur. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Age-associated changes in arterial properties, such as endothelial dysfunction and structural alterations, are considered to be initial events in the development of atherosclerosis. (cas.cn)
  • Patients with PH exhibited higher circulating levels of microparticles compared to control subjects and in vitro or in vivo generated microparticles can induce endothelial dysfunction, interfere with coagulation pathways or modulate inflammatory phenomenon. (ersjournals.com)
  • However, many disease-predisposing factors and/or contributing factors have been identified, including inflammation, endothelial cell dysfunction, aberrant vascular wall cell proliferation and mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein-receptor type 2 ( Bmpr2 ) gene [ 1 - 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Normally, the endothelium forms an integral cellular barrier to regulate vascular homeostasis. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • The bone-marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) provide an alternative source of endothelial cells (ECs) that contributes to neovessel formation in endothelium structure [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The vascular endothelium, the innermost layer of blood vessels, provides a dynamic interface between the circulating blood and various tissues/organs and thereby maintaining tissue homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • The RVSP of mice lacking HIF-2α in pulmonary endothelium after exposure to hypoxia was not significantly different from normoxic WT mice and much lower than the RVSP values seen in WT littermate controls and mice with pulmonary endothelial deletion of HIF-1α exposed to hypoxia. (cam.ac.uk)
  • At the onset of the DTH reaction, vasopermeability is increased by serotonin and histamine, and adhesion molecules are up-regulated in the vascular endothelium, so that additional cellular components migrate into the local site of Ag presentation. (medscape.com)
  • In the endothelium, the net result is increased oxidative stress, reduced responsiveness to nitric oxide, impaired endothelial function, and ultimately the symptomatic manifestations of cardiovascular disease. (holisticprimarycare.net)
  • Low PDCD4 level was associated with reduced proliferation but not apoptosis or phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase caused by pulsatile shear stress to help maintain the homeostasis of endothelial cells. (plos.org)
  • Low PDCD4 level is associated with reduced proliferation for maintenance of HUVEC homeostasis under pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
  • Ample evidence shows that pro-atherosclerotic disturbed flow induces sustained activation of atherogenic genes in endothelial cells to promote their oxidation, inflammation, cell cycle progression and proliferation, whereas pulsatile shear stress tends to maintain endothelial cells in a quiescent and less proliferative state with a low level of oxidation and inflammation [16] , [17] . (plos.org)
  • Regulates arterial blood pressure by stimulating vasodilation and reducing vascular smooth muscle and microvascular endothelial cell proliferation. (kxcdn.com)
  • Among the angiogenic mediators, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered to be the main stimulating factor, which acts via promoting the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and thereby stimulates the generation of new blood vessels ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In contrast to the FOXO3A -deficient vascular endothelial cells mentioned above, FOXO3A -enhanced cells are significantly enhanced in proliferation, tube formation, and vascular repairability in vivo, providing an excellent graft material for the treatment of vascular degenerative diseases. (cas.cn)
  • The encoded protein is induced by peroxisome proliferation activators and functions as a serum hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • CXCL12 is known to regulate angiogenesis, while R-spondin3 protects mice from vascular leakage, and the two factors cooperatively stimulate canonical Wnt/-catenin signaling, which subsequently regulates the proliferation of ISCs. (northwestern.edu)
  • Although vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA-165) is primarily known for its role in angiogenesis, it also plays important neurotrophic and neuroprotective roles for spinal motor neurons. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our studies aim at a better understanding of the signaling cascades underlying endothelial cell behaviour in human diseases such as tumoral angiogenesis and metastasis, inflammation or atherosclerosis, with the long term goal of manipulating these cascades for therapeutical intervention. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • The signaling pathways that are active in quiescent ECs are distinct from those that regulate angiogenesis but are comparatively poorly understood. (duke.edu)
  • Fibrillin-1 regulates endothelial sprouting during angiogenesis. (mcgill.ca)
  • These results suggest that miR-322/424 plays an important physiological role in post-ischemic vascular remodeling and angiogenesis. (umn.edu)
  • Endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis include thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1 (ADAMTS-1), and their aberrant expression may contribute to the diabetes-related dysregulation of retinal vascular homeostasis and vasculopathies ( 7 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A study has demonstrated that activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/ERRα pathway increases VEGF expression and angiogenesis in endothelial cells, which suggests that ERRα may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Caskin2 is highly expressed in ECs from various vascular beds both in vitro and in vivo. (duke.edu)
  • PLXND1 is required for the response of endothelial cells to shear stress in vitro and in vivo and regulates the site-specific distribution of atherosclerotic lesions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Among the various targets and verified regulated genes identified by microarray, we confirmed the downregulation of Integrin a5 in vitro and in vivo. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • We determined the presence of EndoMT in the pulmonary vasculature in vivo and the functional effects on pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) undergoing EndoMT in vitro. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • Ongoing projects aim at demonstrating the existence of podosomes in vivo and determine their role in endothelial cell (patho)physiology. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Likewise, loss of Caskin2 in vivo promotes increased vascular branching and permeability in mouse and zebrafish models. (duke.edu)
  • During embryogenesis endothelial cells exhibit substantial plasticity that contribute to cardiac development by undergoing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). (surrey.ac.uk)
  • Histologic assessment of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated PAH and the hypoxia/SU5416 mouse model identified the presence von Willebrand factor/α-smooth muscle actin-positive endothelial cells in up to 5% of pulmonary vessels. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • Induced EndoMT cells exhibited up-regulation of mesenchymal markers, including collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin, and a reduction in endothelial cell and junctional proteins, including von Willebrand factor, CD31, occludin, and vascular endothelial-cadherin. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to neovascularization and play an important role in the development of these diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • Endothelial cells are sentinels lining the innermost layer of blood vessel that gatekeep micro- and macro-vascular health by sensing pathogen/danger signals and secreting vasoactive molecules. (nature.com)
  • Not only does hypertension affect the cellular structure and molecular composition of blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), it also affects their ability to regulate vital functions that are essential for healthy brain function such as oxygen and glucose delivery, cerebral environment control via the blood-brain barrier, and trafficking of immune cells and metabolic by-products. (wikipedia.org)
  • In endothelial and epithelial cells the tight junctional complex safeguards barrier function. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • Transforming growth factor-ß plays an important role in the development and maintenance of homeostasis of the vascular systems by regulating functions of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Analysing the effects of TGFß on cytoskeleton organisation led us to discover actin-rich structures named podosomes in aortic endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • In vitro work aims at a full characterization of the molecular composition of podosomes and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in their assembly and disassembly in both microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Our aim is to understand some of the mechanisms by which endothelial cells contribute to the pathophysiology of vascular diseases. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • We are studying how environmental cues impact on endothelial cells and translate into functional alterations focusing on changes in ECM composition/rigidity and cytokine contexts. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • TGFß plays a key role in cancer, fibrosis and inflammatory processes and endothelial cells represent a major target of its action. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Endothelial podosome rosettes in cultured endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • A) Representative immunoconfocal images of F-actin (red) and vinculin (green) organisation in control (left panel) and TGFß-treated (right panel) cultured aortic endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • We have undertaken an extensive characterization of podosomes in different types of endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • These analyses have brought to light novel components not described previously, which could be involved in specific functions of endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • This is followed by polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment, adhesion to vascular endothelial cells, diapedesis (or transmigration), and accumulation or swarming. (frontiersin.org)
  • Maintenance of vascular homeostasis is an active process that is dependent on continuous signaling by the quiescent endothelial cells (ECs) that line mature vessels. (duke.edu)
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) line the inner surfaces of the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels in the body. (bmbreports.org)
  • The manipulation of endothelial cells to secrete protective factors could enhance cardioprotection. (mdpi.com)
  • We investigated whether atheroprotective unidirectional pulsatile shear stress affects the expression of PDCD4 in endothelial cells. (plos.org)
  • En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
  • Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. (plos.org)
  • However, the action of PDCD4 in endothelial cells is unclear. (plos.org)
  • Vascular endothelial cells, as a monolayer in direct contact with the flowing blood, bear the most of the wall shear stresses and have important homeostatic functions in response to stress [16] . (plos.org)
  • We focus our attention on lung stem cells and the molecular signals that regulate their activity to repair and regenerate lung tissue after injury. (stanford.edu)
  • Their multi‑functional cargo have been indicated to regulate a vast number of biological pathways in target cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Plays a role in blood glucose homeostasis contributing to the insulin secretion response by pancreatic beta cells. (kxcdn.com)
  • The present study aimed to examine the effect of kaempferol on high glucose‑induced human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • During the new blood vessel formation process, capillaries are formed when endothelial cells are stimulated to migrate, proliferate and invade the surrounding tissues ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Due to the high heterogeneity of vascular cells from different sources, our understanding of human arterial aging and the development of interventions against human arterial aging and associated diseases are hindered. (cas.cn)
  • Gene network analyses characterized transcriptional landmarks that regulated vascular senility and positioned FOXO3A , a longevity-associated transcription factor, as a master regulator gene that was downregulated in six subtypes of monkey vascular cells during aging. (cas.cn)
  • Furthermore, targeted inactivation of FOXO3A in human arterial vascular endothelial cells resulted in the disruption of cellular homeostasis and recapitulated the major phenotypic defects observed in aged monkey arteries. (cas.cn)
  • Finally, it is worthnoty that the same team recently obtained the world's first FOXO3A -enhanced human vascular cells using gene editing (Cell Stem Cell, 2019, cover article). (cas.cn)
  • Scientists from the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Peking University and the Institute of Zoology of CAS have generated the world's first genetically enhanced human vascular cells by targeting a single longevity gene, FOXO3 . (cas.cn)
  • This protein can also act as an apoptosis survival factor for vascular endothelial cells and can prevent metastasis by inhibiting vascular growth and tumor cell invasion. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • Microvessels comprise two cell types, endothelial cells and pericytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analyses of microvascular changes in dcSSc have focussed almost solely on the contribution of endothelial cells, largely overlooking the potential role of pericytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given their central role in modulating endothelial cell function, it is clear that the pronounced changes observed in endothelial cells during dcSSc will also alter pericyte phenotype and function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These well-regulated processes to transfer information between cells occur through direct cell-cell contact, various soluble bioactive factors and through cellular microparticles [ 6 , 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • The guidance receptor plexin D1 is a mechanosensor in endothelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Endothelial cells that line the vasculature use molecular mechanosensors to directly detect shear stress profiles that will ultimately lead to atheroprotective or atherogenic responses2. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In endothelial cells, PLXND1 is a direct force sensor and forms a mechanocomplex with neuropilin-1 and VEGFR2 that is necessary and sufficient for conferring mechanosensitivity upstream of the junctional complex and integrins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our results establish a previously undescribed mechanosensor in endothelial cells that regulates cardiovascular pathophysiology, and provide a mechanism by which a single receptor can exhibit a binary biochemical nature. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Endothelial cells in vascular smooth muscle relax by the discharge of nitric oxide. (cssbasics.com)
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) present in the blood and lymphatic vessels (i.e. (northwestern.edu)
  • BECs and LECs, respectively) are crucial participants in the vascular-dependent processes that restore damaged tissue, because they control the secretion of paracrine factors from both the vessels themselves and nearby cells. (northwestern.edu)
  • Although the precise molecular mechanisms of these effects remain unclear, we have shown that Caskin2 interacts with several proteins known to have important roles in endothelial biology and cardiovascular disease including the serine/threonine phosphatase PP1, the endothelial receptor Tie1, and eNOS, which is a critical regulator of vascular homeostasis. (duke.edu)
  • Ongoing work seeks to further characterize the functions of Caskin2 and its mechanisms of action with a focus on how Caskin2-mediated regulation of endothelial phenotype relates to its systemic effects on cardiovascular and metabolic function. (duke.edu)
  • We tone, local homeostasis, and the fibro- excluded any patient with cardiovascular inflammatory-proliferative process. (who.int)
  • Furthermore, since vascular deficiencies contribute to a variety of ischemic disorders, our findings may have important implications for other ischemic conditions that are associated with impairments in tissue regeneration, such as cardiovascular disease. (northwestern.edu)
  • Due to its potent vasodilatory action and its inotropic and chronotropic effects, CGRP is likely to play a role in cardiovascular homeostasis. (bachem.com)
  • Some examples include the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) family, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family, and others. (picmonic.com)
  • Various studies have been conducted to show the important role of two factors named epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RAS, but certain results have not been achieved. (ac.ir)
  • Vascular barrier function is critical for the maintenance of blood flow and tissue homeostasis. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • The endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a newly recognized, fundamental biological process involved in development and tissue regeneration, as well as pathological processes such as the complications of diabetes, fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. (bmbreports.org)
  • 2022). Fibrillin-1 regulates white adipose tissue development, homeostasis, and function. (mcgill.ca)
  • The multi‑dimensional nature of their roles in cellular homeostasis, cell‑to‑cell and tissue‑to‑tissue communication at the level of the organism, as well as their actions on the holobiome (intra‑/interspecies interaction), have garnered the interest of a large number of researchers. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Exosomes, via their cargo or surface composition, are signals/mediators of systemic homeostasis and stress for specific cell-to-cell or tissue-to-tissue communication ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Adaptive changes to oxygen availability are critical for cell survival and tissue homeostasis. (umn.edu)
  • Pathophysiological mechanisms included vascular endotheliopathy, increased inflammation and macrophage activation, neutrophil extracellular traps, antiphospholipid antibody production and obesity/adipose tissue signalling. (touchoncology.com)
  • Tissue regeneration and repair is essential for maintaining physiological homeostasis and relies on the precise control of molecular networks that regulate, or are regulated by, the vasculature. (northwestern.edu)
  • During EndMT, ECs lose their ability to express endothelial markers, such as vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1, also known as CD31) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF). (bmbreports.org)
  • Attenuates TNF-mediated endothelial expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules. (kxcdn.com)
  • Plexins are key cell-surface receptors of the semaphorin family of cell-guidance signalling proteins and can regulate cellular patterning by modulating the cytoskeleton and focal adhesion structures3-5. (ox.ac.uk)
  • however, the specific role of pulmonary endothelial HIF expression in this process, and in the physiological process of vasoconstriction in response to hypoxia, remains unclear. (cam.ac.uk)
  • These data offer new insight into the role of pulmonary endothelial HIF-2α in regulating the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia. (cam.ac.uk)
  • PanVEGF-A and VEGF-A xxx a mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated in response to hypoxia in NF and FF, although the FF response to hypoxia was significantly less than NF (Fig. 1a ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This group was retested to confirm important role in the pathophysiology of their blood lipid status before participating several vascular diseases, including athero- in the study. (who.int)
  • Because of their expanding roles in the endocrine regulation of homeostasis and stress, and their involvement in human pathophysiology, exosomes are now the epicenter of a new field, termed 'exosomics' ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 2015 ) HDL-bound sphingosine 1-phosphate acts as a biased agonist for the endothelial cell receptor S1P1 to limit vascular inflammation. (academictree.org)
  • Resolution of inflammation is an active process timely controlled by endogenous specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) produced locally in inflammatory loci to restrain this innate response, prevent further damages to the host, and permit return to homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Acute inflammation is a protective process arising in vascularized tissues upon damages, altered homeostasis, and infections. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, CGRP might be important in processes such as control of fetoplacental vascular tone, regulation of calcium metabolism and insulin secretion, acetylcholine receptor synthesis, peripheral nerve regeneration, and neurogenic inflammation. (bachem.com)
  • We investigate these adaptor proteins and have shown that they can be used to regulate vascular permeability. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • Therefore, tight junction adaptor proteins, such as cingulin and its interaction domains with the cytoskeleton and exchange factors of RhoGTPases could be used to protect barrier function in endothelial junct ions. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • The absence of these regulating proteins results in uncontrolled amplification of the complement system. (medscape.com)
  • However, they have consistently elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure at baseline and significant context-dependent abnormalities in systemic metabolism (e.g., body weight, fat deposition, and glucose homeostasis). (duke.edu)
  • Treatment with 30 mM glucose also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein, and the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and protein were suppressed by kaempferol (10 and 30 µM). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) is transcriptionally regulated by oxygen tension variations, via Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 α (HIF-1α) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, hyperoxia up-regulated panVEGF-A and VEGF-A xxx a mRNA levels in FF but had no significant effect on NF or FF VEGF-A protein expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • a Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) mRNA levels in Normal (NF) and Fibrotic (FF) fibroblast total RNA lysates in response to 24 h exposure to hypoxia and hyperoxia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we show that pulmonary endothelial HIF-2α is a critical regulator of hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Using the single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology, they drew a comprehensive aging roadmap of cynomolgus monkey arteries at the single-cell resolution and identified FOXO3A loss as a key driver for arterial endothelial aging. (cas.cn)
  • The researchers analyzed senile aortas, which exhibited characteristics of vascular aging, including increased wall thickness, fibrous cap formation, arterial calcification and elastic lamina fragmentation. (cas.cn)
  • Altogether, the researchers established a high-resolution single-cell transcriptomic atlas of non-human primate arterial aging, revealed the dynamic changes of cell composition and molecular characteristics during arterial aging in primates and verified FOXO3A loss as a key driver for arterial endothelial aging. (cas.cn)
  • This work provides a critical resource for the understanding of primate arterial aging and contributes important clues to future treatment of age-associated vascular disorders. (cas.cn)
  • 2019 ) Lysolipid receptor cross-talk regulates lymphatic endothelial junctions in lymph nodes. (academictree.org)
  • The long-term goal of our lab is to elucidate the fundamental processes that regulate blood- and lymphatic-vessel function and to understand how disruption of these mechanisms leads to pathological vascular defects. (northwestern.edu)
  • We will test our central hypothesis by pursuing the two Specific Aims: (1) To determine whether Foxc1 and Foxc2 are required for repair of the intestinal vasculature during recovery from intestinal injury, (2) To determine the mechanisms by which Foxc1 and Foxc2 regulate blood vessel recovery and intestinal regeneration, and (3) To determine whether Foxc1 and Foxc2 regulate lymphatic vessel recovery and intestinal regeneration. (northwestern.edu)
  • ECs have the capacity to undergo a dynamic cellular phenotypic switching, termed the endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), in response to local environmental cues throughout the vascular system. (bmbreports.org)
  • 2017 ) Size-selective opening of the blood-brain barrier by targeting endothelial sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1. (academictree.org)
  • Functions also as a receptor for aldosterone mediating rapid regulation of vascular contractibility through the PI3K/ERK signaling pathway. (kxcdn.com)
  • It has become increasingly clear that pericytes are vital in maintaining normal vascular homeostasis and regulating vascular phenotype in disease [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whether or not these new conveyors of biological information contribute to the acquisition and/or maintenance of the altered endothelial phenotype is unexplored in PH and requires further study. (ersjournals.com)
  • Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is correlated with pulmonary vascular remodeling. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease with no treatment options, characterised by elevated pulmonary vascular resistanzce and secondary right ventricular failure. (ersjournals.com)
  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterised by widespread obstruction and obliteration of pulmonary arterioles, leading to a progressive elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent right heart failure and death. (ersjournals.com)
  • Tight junctional adaptor molecules in the cytosol, which link the tight junction complex to the cytoskeleton and to signaling pathways, play an important role in the control of vascular barrier function. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • This review highlights the current fund of knowledge regarding the known links between miRNAs and the EndMT process, with a focus on the mechanism that regulates associated signaling pathways and discusses the potential for the EndMT as a therapeutic target to treat many diseases. (bmbreports.org)
  • His lab also studies the molecular signals that regulate lung stem cell activity, and how the signals can be manipulated to restore their activity. (stanford.edu)
  • They then depicted the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of arteries from young and aged non-human primates and unraveled aorta-specific and coronary artery-specific molecular signatures for eight vascular cell types. (cas.cn)
  • Component of TRiC, a molecular chaperone complex that regulates telomere maintenance. (plurisomes.com)
  • Defects in vascular homeostasis contribute to numerous disorders of significant clinical impact including hypertension and atherosclerosis. (duke.edu)
  • The relevance of this miR-92a target is evidenced by severe vascular defects in the absence of Integrin a5. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • We propose a mechanism whereby chronic hypoxia enhances HIF-2α stability, which causes increased arginase expression and dysregulates normal vascular NO homeostasis. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The encoded protein regulates cell membrane composition. (dimabio.com)
  • It is known to negatively regulate caveolin-1, a scaffolding protein which is the main component of the caveolae plasma membrane invaginations found in most cell types. (dimabio.com)
  • 2015 ) Nogo-B regulates endothelial sphingolipid homeostasis to control vascular function and blood pressure. (academictree.org)
  • The profound roles of exosomes in homeostasis, stress and several pathological conditions, in conjunction with their selective and cell‑specific composition/function, allude to their use as promising circulating clinical biomarkers of systemic stress and specific pathologic states, and as biocompatible vehicles of therapeutic cargo. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The study published on Thursday in the journal Cell Stem Cell showed that human vascular cell function can be enhanced by editi. (cas.cn)
  • Oxygen homeostasis is considered important for the maintenance of normal lung structure and function [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Through activation of PTK2 it positively regulates vascular endothelial growth factor A. It also modulates the function of specific integrin isomers in the plasma membrane. (dimabio.com)
  • In short, mitochondrial function is central to endothelial function, and the age-related declines in mitochondrial health translate directly into negative endothelial changes. (holisticprimarycare.net)
  • Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), an important measure of endothelial function, tends to decrease as people age (Wray et al. (holisticprimarycare.net)
  • Exercise training, for one, can do a lot to improve vascular mitochondrial function, Salerno noted. (holisticprimarycare.net)
  • In their excellent 2011 review entitled, Aging and Vascular Endothelial Function in Humans , Seals and colleagues at the University of Colorado's Department of Integrative Physiology, describe a number of nutritional interventions that may play a role in improving endothelial function. (holisticprimarycare.net)
  • Prolonged oxygen deprivation due to reduced blood flow to cardiac or peripheral tissues can lead to myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease, respectively. (umn.edu)
  • Cigarette smoke is a major public health problem associated with multitude of diseases, including pulmonary and vascular diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • Cigarette smoke (CS) is well known to be a risk factor for pulmonary diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Applying these findings, we try to develop a new treatment strategy against diseases characterized by vascular leak, such as, cancer, allergic reactions, burn injuries or sepsis. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • Her current research focuses on endothelial cell biology in health and diseases. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Hypoxia stimulated NF and FF fibronectin mRNA to the same extent, whilst hyperoxia significantly up-regulated fibronectin mRNA in FF only. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, our central hypothesis is that the transcriptional activity of Foxc1/c2 in BECs and LECs contributes to vascular repair and intestinal regeneration by regulating CXCL12 and R-spondin3 signaling. (northwestern.edu)
  • Alternative splicing of the metalloprotease ADAMTS17 spacer regulates secretion and modulates autoproteolytic activity. (mcgill.ca)
  • Injury, infections, or dysregulated homeostasis ignites the acute inflammatory response that is normally a host protective mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2010. Nitrated oleic acid up-regulates PPARgamma and attenuates experimental inflammatory bowel disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Ceramide-1-phosphate was found at higher abundance in the regular (REG) diet WF-exposed group which has been shown to regulate the eicosanoid pathway involved in pro-inflammatory response. (cdc.gov)
  • However, individuals who are salt-sensitive exhibit an over reactive sympathetic nervous system and are unable to suppress the renin-angiotensin axis as well as normotensive individuals, resulting in salt retention by the kidneys and increased vascular resistance and consequently, increased risk of developing hypertension. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pulmonary endothelial deletion of arginase-1, a downstream target of HIF-2α, likewise attenuated many of the pathophysiological symptoms associated with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. (cam.ac.uk)
  • We focus our analysis on endothelial cell's cytoskeleton remodeling and differentiation in response to TGFß and accumulation of pathological matrix. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • Vascular endothelial cell (EC)-derived factors play an important role in endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk and could save cardiomyocytes (CMs) from injury. (mdpi.com)
  • 2022). Fibrillin-1 regulated miR-122 has a critical role in thoracic aortic aneurysm formation. (mcgill.ca)
  • Beyond their obvious role in producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the mitochondria are also involved in heme biosynthesis, amino acid and nitrogen metabolism, and calcium homeostasis. (holisticprimarycare.net)