Vascular endothelium dependent relaxing factors. Medical search. Frequent questions

The Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is a strong vasodilator produced by cardiac endothelial cells in response to stress signals such as high levels of ADP accumulation or hypoxia. (wikipedia.org)
EDRF is produced from L-arginine by an enzyme (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) that is dependant on calcium-calmodulin and NADPH - this occurs in the cardiac endothelium. (wikipedia.org)
EDRF then diffuses to the smooth muscle in vascular tissue (vessels may be large or small), here it enacts endogenous vasodilation. (wikipedia.org)
inhibition of the synthesis of endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) by L-NAME resulted in an enhanced response to SIN-1 in proximal vessels only. (eurekamag.com)
The response to direct nitric oxide donation (bypassing vascular endothelial synthesis of EDRF) is inhibited by a basal endothelial process present in proximal coronary arteries only. (eurekamag.com)
The endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), now known to be nitric oxide (NO) is generated in the vascular endothelium by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). (justia.com)
The endothelium-derived relaxing factors (EDRF) comprise nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin, and a still elusive endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). (scienceopen.com)
Several mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction have been reported, including impaired signal transduction or substrate availibility, impaired release of EDRF, increased destruction of EDRF, enhanced release of endothelium-derived constricting factors and decreased sensitivity of the vascular smooth muscle to EDRF. (scienceopen.com)
While the inhibition of cAMP-PDE is weak, therapeutic levels of dipyridamole inhibit cyclic-3',5'-guanosine monophosphate-PDE (cGMP-PDE), thereby augmenting the increase in cGMP produced by EDRF (endothelium-derived relaxing factor, now identified as nitric oxide). (guidelinecentral.com)
During the 4th MOVD [July 10-12, 1986] held at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, Dr Robert F. Furchgott and Dr Louis J. Ignarro independently announced that EDRF (endothelium-derived relaxing factor) was nitric oxide. (hku.hk)
NO , also known as "endothelium-derived relaxing factor" or "EDRF", is synthesized from L-arginine, oxygen and NADPH by various NO synthases. (abcam.com)

The vasodilative response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, methacholine chloride, was depressed in the hypercholesterolemic group, whereas endothelium-independent vasodilation, induced by nitroprusside, was similar in each group. (jci.org)
10 , 14 , 15 Acetylcholine chloride, an endothelium dependent vasodilator, is believed to dilate normal coronary arteries by promoting the release of a vasorelaxant substance from the endothelium, probably nitric oxide (NO). 15-20 In coronary atherosclerosis, muscarinic cholinergic vasodilatation is impaired, and paradoxical vasoconstriction is induced by acetylcholine. (bmj.com)
The endothelium controls the tone of the underlying vascular smooth muscle through the production of vasodilator mediators. (scienceopen.com)
Red/near infrared light stimulates release of an endothelium dependent vasodilator and rescues vascular dysfunction in a diabetes model. (mcw.edu)
Treatment of SHRs with either an ACE inhibitor, a vasodilator or a calcium antagonist prevented the rise in blood pressure and normalised vascular structural alterations. (le.ac.uk)

L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypercholesterolemic humans. (jci.org)
Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in hypercholesterolemia, even before the development of atherosclerosis. (jci.org)
The purpose of this study was to determine whether infusion of L-arginine, the precursor of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide, improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypercholesterolemic humans. (jci.org)
It is concluded that endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in hypercholesterolemic humans. (jci.org)
Among these conditions is also the disfunction of the endothelium, which given its properties of vasodilation when functional, can cause excessive vasoconstriction, thus leading back to hypertension. (wikipedia.org)
Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. (bvsalud.org)
Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation has been demonstrated in various vascular beds of different animal models of diabetes and in humans with type 1 and 2 diabetes. (scienceopen.com)
Correction of these pathways, as well as administration of ACE inhibitors and folate, has been shown to improve endothelium-dependent vasodilation in diabetes. (scienceopen.com)
In conclusion, R/NIR stimulates vasodilation by release of NO bound substances from the endothelium. (mcw.edu)
In a diabetes model of endothelial dysfunction, R/NIR restores vasodilation, which lends the potential for new treatments for diabetic vascular disease. (mcw.edu)
Compared to subjects with a quiescent non-inflamed phenotype, these findings were associated with systemic hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as an impaired endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation. (massagemag.com)
Insulin and GLP-1 each cause vasodilation via a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism. (medscape.com)
Chronic pulmonary hypertension in utero impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation. (ucdenver.edu)
Acute intrauterine pulmonary hypertension impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the ovine fetus. (ucdenver.edu)
Sustained fetal pulmonary vasodilation with prolonged atrial natriuretic factor and GMP infusions. (ucdenver.edu)

Endothelial dysfunction can be primarily seen as a impaired rules of vascular shade due to decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, insufficient cofactors for nitric oxide synthesis, attenuated nitric oxide launch, or improved nitric oxide degradation. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
In addition, we determined whether EDNO contributes to the coronary vascular response to magnesium by using N G -monomethyl- L -arginine (L-NMMA), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. (bmj.com)
Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in regulation of pulmonary vascular tone in the late gestation ovine fetus. (ucdenver.edu)
Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the pulmonary vascular response to birth-related stimuli in the ovine fetus. (ucdenver.edu)
Role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in regulation of vascular and ductus arteriosus tone in the ovine fetus. (ucdenver.edu)

Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)
The effect of shear stress at the endothelium in the attenuation of the noradrenaline-induced constriction of the femoral vascular bed perfused at a constant blood flow was investigated in 16 anesthetized cats. (shengsci.com)
This difference may depend on the ability of the endothelium to relax smooth muscle in response to an increase in wall shear stress. (shengsci.com)
To reveal the effect of endothelial sensitivity to shear stress, we compared noradrenaline-induced changes in total and proximal arterial resistances during perfusion of the hind limb at a constant blood flow and at a constant pressure in vessels with intact and injured endothelium. (shengsci.com)
A selective blockage of endothelium sensitivity to shear stress using a glutaraldehyde dimer augmented the constrictor responses of the proximal vessels at a constant flow 4.6-fold (+/-0.3), but had no significant effect on the responses at a constant pressure. (shengsci.com)
Endothelial cells are highly specialized to detect diverse physical, chemical, or mechanical stimuli, such as pulsatile changes in blood flow-induced shear stress, which is usually pivotal for physiological autoregulation of vascular tone. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
In DMD, the signaling defects produce inadequate tissue perfusion caused by functional ischemia due to a diminished ability to respond to shear stress induced endothelium-dependent dilation. (biomedcentral.com)

Vascular reactivity was measured in the forearm resistance vessels of 11 normal subjects (serum LDL cholesterol = 2.76 +/- 0.10 mmol/liter) and 14 age-matched patients with hypercholesterolemia (serum LDL cholesterol = 4.65 +/- 0.36 mmol/liter, P (jci.org)
D-arginine had no effect on forearm vascular reactivity in either group. (jci.org)
12 The relatively small number of studies to have assessed vascular reactivity and blood flow in the systemic circulation of these patients, however, prevents identification of the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities. (bmj.com)
It is believed that platelet reactivity and interaction with prosthetic cardiac valve surfaces, resulting in abnormally shortened platelet survival time, is a significant factor in thromboembolic complications occurring in connection with prosthetic heart valve replacement. (guidelinecentral.com)
Endothelial modulation was similar in both sets of arteries, suggesting that the endothelium does not mask an increased reactivity in 2-K, 1C hypertension. (le.ac.uk)
The secondary endpoint is the assessment of endothelial (dys) function by looking at ex vivo vascular reactivity and mRNA expression of endothelial cells from the wall of discarded segments of internal mammary artery. (frontiersin.org)
The vascular reactivity of pulmonary microvessels, especially acinar microvessels, in response to acidosis induced by either alveolar hypercapnia (hypercapnic acidosis (HA)) or metabolic disturbance (isocapnic acidosis (IA)) is one of the major modulators regulating the distribution of pulmonary blood flow 1 - 4 . (ersjournals.com)

Conclusions: Endothelium dependent vasodilatation is attenuated by ischaemia and reperfusion in both proximal and distal coronary arteries of the size studied. (eurekamag.com)
9 Impaired systemic vascular function has been demonstrated in patients with NPG in whom blood flow in the fingers is reduced 10, 11 (both under basal conditions and following cold provocation) and endothelium dependent vasodilatation in the forearm is impaired. (bmj.com)
A study on the cardiovascular effects of DeHE, Evo and Rut found that Rut produced a full NO-dependent vasodilatation whereas Evo and DeHE produced a partially endothelium-dependent effect at 50% and 10% respectively [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The effects of acetylcholine and SIN-1 on the tone of left circumflex and left anterior descending coronary vascular rings were examined before and after treatment with L-NAME. (eurekamag.com)
In dogs intraduodenal doses of dipyridamole of 0.5 to 4.0 mg/kg produced dose-related decreases in systemic and coronary vascular resistance leading to decreases in systemic blood pressure and increases in coronary blood flow. (guidelinecentral.com)
Therefore, in the present study we investigated the coronary vascular responses to intracoronary infusion of magnesium. (bmj.com)

However, in small resistance arteries (100-300 microns), EDHF appears to be a major determinant of vascular calibre under normal conditions, and may therefore be of primary importance in the regulation of vascular resistance. (ox.ac.uk)
There was a positive correlation between blood pressure and vascular structure, suggesting that blood pressure is a major determinant of vascular structure. (le.ac.uk)

17]. As defined with this paper, flow-mediated dilation demonstrates endothelium-dependent and mainly nitric oxide-mediated arterial function and continues to be used like a surrogate marker of vascular wellness. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
One potential mechanism responsible for magnesium induced coronary dilation involves activation of the endothelium derived nitric oxide (EDNO) pathway. (bmj.com)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease associated to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, with the aim to summarize the current knowledge on the initiation of the atherosclerotic process, in this paper, we review the early markers of atherosclerosis and we address the main therapeutic targets for preventing atheroma formation at its very initial stages focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and the interaction between platelets and endothelium. (hindawi.com)
Conclusions: This study has identified dysfunction of the systemic vascular endothelial cell in patients with normal pressure glaucoma. (bmj.com)
It has been proposed that vascular dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of glaucoma and, in particular, NPG as this condition is associated with the presence of widespread cerebrovascular and systemic cardiovascular disease. (bmj.com)
The mechanisms of vascular dysfunction have been investigated in a number of conditions, including hypertension 13 and diabetes, 14 using subcutaneous arteries isolated from biopsies of gluteal fat. (bmj.com)
This approach has the advantage of studying vascular dysfunction directly in arteries from patients (rather than animal models) and uses resistance arteries which contribute significantly to maintenance of blood pressure. (bmj.com)
CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of persisting abnormal vascular wall morphology and vascular dysfunction at the site of regressed coronary aneurysms in patients with previous Kawasaki disease. (bmj.com)
Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease. (scienceopen.com)
Since the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction appear to differ according to the diabetic model and the vascular bed under study, it is important to select clinically relevant models for future research of endothelial dysfunction. (scienceopen.com)
As opposed to earlier facts, it really is more developed that hypertension, smoking cigarettes, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, weight problems, or inactive lifestyle represents main risk factors resulting in endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and additional cardiovascular medical manifestations. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Finally, endothelial dysfunction can be seen as a improved creation of endothelium-derived contracting elements also, including angiotensin II, endothelins, superoxide anions, and cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids [10]. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Interestingly, PAD risk factors, e.g. diabetes mellitus, cause endothelial dysfunction secondary to decreased nitric oxide (NO) levels, which could explain treatment failures. (mcw.edu)
This endothelial dysfunction is caused by the concomitant release of a contracting factor. (le.ac.uk)
In other smooth muscles, Evo was shown to possess a potent corporal relaxing effect attributed to endothelium-independent properties and was tested as a potential agent for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in aged animals [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Inflammation has emerged as a central mediator of endothelial dysfunction, and by extension, vascular disease ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
High levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, were associated with left ventricular dysfunction ( 2 ), higher cardiovascular event rates ( 3 ) and worse clinical prognosis ( 4 ) following an acute myocardial infarction, independent of traditional risk factors. (frontiersin.org)
Vascular aging has elements of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis development and is a major risk factor for developing CVD. (hormonelab.co.uk)

The removal of the endothelium only slightly increased constrictor responses at the perfusion under a constant pressure (noradrenaline-induced increases of both overall and proximal arterial resistance augmented by 12%), while the responses of the proximal vessels at a constant flow became 4.7 +/- 0.4 times greater than in the endothelium-intact bed. (shengsci.com)
The response of different blood vessels to action of various relaxing and contractile vasoactive substances can be partly or YKL-06-061 entirely endothelium dependent, as well completely endothelium impartial [5C8]. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Interestingly, the bath solution from intact R/NIR stimulated vessels could dilate light naïve vessels in a NO dependent manner. (mcw.edu)
Atherosclerosis is a disease of vascular aging in which changes to the endothelium, the inner lining of the blood vessels, contribute to formation of plaques, which are a combination of blood proteins, lipids and calcium that congregate and adhere to the walls of damaged arteries. (hormonelab.co.uk)

The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension often involves a rise in systemic vascular resistance (vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling) and impairment of salt excretion in the kidney (inappropriate salt retention despite elevated blood pressure). (nature.com)
OBJECTIVE To determine how magnesium affects human coronary arteries and whether endothelium derived nitric oxide (EDNO) is involved in the coronary arterial response to magnesium. (bmj.com)
Furthermore, the coronary arterial response to magnesium is dose dependent and independent of EDNO. (bmj.com)
In addition, the hardened plaques reduce the intrinsic, elastic nature of the arterial endothelium. (hormonelab.co.uk)
Arterial stiffness is a major risk factor for heart attack and stroke. (lifeextension.com)

Endothelial-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells evoked by a number of agonists, including cholinomimetics and substance P, is often accompanied by an increase (repolarization and/or hyperpolarization) in the membrane potential. (ox.ac.uk)
Paul M Vanhoutte played a major role in organizing the past symposia and gathering the skilled investigators to discuss the mechanisms by which blood vessel dilate, in particular the various factors involved in the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. (hku.hk)

Specifically, flow-mediated dilatation induced by reactive hyperemia continues to be regarded as endothelium dependent, which is recognized during reactive hyperemia by high-resolution ultrasound in superficial arteries noninvasively [16]. (mundial-brasil2014.net)

The vascular endothelium modulates contractile responses to 5-HT and ET-1 in human subcutaneous resistance arteries but this effect is lost in patients with NPG, indicating a selective defect in agonist mediated release of endothelium derived vasodilators. (bmj.com)
These experiments have investigated how the endothelium modulates resistance artery contractility in hypertension. (le.ac.uk)

However, the vasorelaxant effects of MEPY on endothelium-denuded aortic rings were lower than endothelium-intact aortic rings. (biomedcentral.com)
The vasorelaxant effects of MEPY on endothelium-intact aortic rings were reduced by pre-treatment with l -NAME, methylene blue, or ODQ. (biomedcentral.com)
Apart from endothelium dependence, alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade, K + channel activation and Ca 2+ channel blockade were also involved in the vasorelaxant effect of DeHE [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Coupled with influx of extracellular calcium, Rut produced the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect by activation of endothelium NOS and release of NO without pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi protein and other G proteins or phospholipase C activation being involved [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This is primarily accomplished by timely and balanced production and release of endothelial relaxing factors, namely, nitric oxide, prostacyclin, or endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor [2C4], as well as endothelium-derived contracting autacoids, such as endothelin-1, thromboxane A2, angiotensin II, or superoxide anion. (mundial-brasil2014.net)

Vascular endothelial cells normally provide an efficient barrier against thrombosis, lipid uptake, and inflammation. (nature.com)
The incompetent endothelium leads to late stent thrombosis and the development of in-stent neoatherosclerosis. (nature.com)
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Certain obese people demonstrate potentially harmful proinflammatory changes in their adipose tissue, researchers report in the September issue of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. (massagemag.com)

It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. (bvsalud.org)

Endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization: a role in the control of vascular tone. (ox.ac.uk)
The last MOVD meeting [May 20-22, 2019] took place in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, as a joint meeting with the symposia of Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization (MOVD/EDH2019). (hku.hk)

It is known that the adrenergic vasoconstriction of the femoral vascular bed is considerably greater at a constant pressure perfusion than at a constant blood flow. (shengsci.com)

Objective: The effect of the nitric oxide donor, SIN-1, in proximal and distal coronary arteries with normal endothelium was characterised before and after inhibition of NO synthesis with L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME). (eurekamag.com)
the inhibition occurs in a dose-dependent manner at therapeutic concentrations (0.5-1.9 μg/mL). (guidelinecentral.com)
While the magnitude of the observed outcomes differed between these trials, altogether, their findings suggest that a conventional management coupled with inflammation inhibition could maximize vascular benefit and clinical outcomes ( 6 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)

Inflammation and immunity are key factors for the development and complications of atherosclerosis, and therefore, the whole atherosclerotic process is a target for diagnosis and treatment. (hindawi.com)
Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycaemia, obesity, hypertension, smoking, and aging promote vascular inflammation and endothelial activation [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Numerous factors-such as aging, and exposure to oxidative stress, glycation, and inflammation-cause artery walls to lose their youthful elasticity and begin to behave more like stiff-walled pipes. (lifeextension.com)

Pulmonary vascular effects of serotonin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the late-gestation ovine fetus. (ucdenver.edu)

Moreover, in physiological circumstances leukocyte migration and adhesion, soft muscle tissue cell proliferation and migration, secretion of vasoconstrictive elements, and platelet aggregation and adhesion are regulated by undamaged endothelium. (mundial-brasil2014.net)

A strain of Rattus norvegicus which is a model for spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, INSULIN-DEPENDENT). (lookformedical.com)
For insulin to exert its metabolic effects in muscle and for nutrients to be used by the myocytes, insulin and nutrients first have to be delivered to the capillaries bathing the myocytes and then transported through the vascular wall to reach muscle interstitium. (medscape.com)
Thus, total tissue blood flow and muscle microvascular volume are two major factors limiting the delivery of insulin and nutrients to muscle and, consequently, insulin action and nutrient availability in muscle. (medscape.com)
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a hormone produced by intestinal L cells in response to nutrient ingestion, lowers postprandial plasma glucose via glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion, suppression of glucagon secretion, and delayed gastric emptying. (medscape.com)
Expression of multiple insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptor genes in salmon gill cartilage. (uchicago.edu)
Divergence of insulin-like growth factors I and II in the elasmobranch, Squalus acanthias. (uchicago.edu)

Aim: Vascular risk factors, and particularly vasospasm, are thought to play a part in the pathogenesis of normal pressure glaucoma (NPG). (bmj.com)
Munagala M, Phancao A. Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: A Review of Risk Factors and Pathogenesis. (lidsen.com)
Both immune dependent and independent factors have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of CAV. (lidsen.com)
Remarkable progress has been achieved in the understanding of pathogenesis, risk factors for CAV and plaque morphology. (lidsen.com)
Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps persist in scientific understanding of risk factors, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of CAV. (lidsen.com)
This review focuses on summarizing the pathogenesis and risk factors for CAV. (lidsen.com)

It has been known since the early 1980's that the vascular relaxation caused by acetylcholine is dependent on the vascular endothelium. (justia.com)

In addition, macrophage retention in fat was associated with upregulated tissue CD68 and tumor necrosis factor mRNA expression and with increased plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein. (massagemag.com)

Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is one of the key factors for the development of atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
These patients should be counselled to avoid potential risk factors for atherosclerosis, and long term follow up is needed into adult life. (bmj.com)

It is conceivable that NPG is associated with a generalised vascular defect which produces alterations in both the ocular and systemic circulations. (bmj.com)

Mechanisms whereby Propofol Mediates Peripheral Vasolidation in Humans: Sympathoinhibition or Direct Vascular Relaxation? (silverchair.com)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key vertebrate biological messenger, playing an important role in neurotransmission, vascular regulation, immune responses and apoptosis. (abcam.com)

This article is a review of exciting, recently generated genetic, biochemical and clinical data from studies that have examined the importance of the tissue kallikrein-kinin system in protection from hypertension, vascular remodeling and renal fibrosis. (nature.com)
Development of novel therapeutic approaches to bolster kinin activity in the vascular wall and in specific compartments in the kidney might be a highly effective strategy for the treatment of hypertension and its complications, including cardiac hypertrophy and renal failure. (nature.com)
The role of the vascular endothelium in experimental and genetic hypertension. (le.ac.uk)
Many patients on potent agents addressing modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia or diabetes, still suffer from cardiovascular complications, including acute coronary syndromes (ACS). (frontiersin.org)
Estradiol improves pulmonary hemodynamics and vascular remodeling in perinatal pulmonary hypertension. (ucdenver.edu)

Heparin fails to inhibit the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells in the presence of human serum. (shengsci.com)
1993) A kallikrein-like enzyme in human vascular tissue. (nature.com)

This change in membrane potential appears predominantly to reflect the action of an endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), which is distinct from NO (or endothelial-derived relaxing factor), and is discussed in this article by Chris Garland and colleagues. (ox.ac.uk)

In normal arteries the release of endothelial-derived relaxing and contracting factors plays an important role in modulating contractility and the balance between the two types of endothelial vasoactive substances may regulate resistance vessel tone. (le.ac.uk)

In addition, MEPY inhibited the contraction induced by extracellular Ca 2+ in endothelium-denuded rat thoracic aorta rings pre-contracted by PE (1 μM) or KCl (60 mM) in Ca 2+ -free solution. (biomedcentral.com)

Via this mechanism, platelet aggregation is inhibited in response to various stimuli such as platelet activating factor (PAF), collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). (guidelinecentral.com)

1. Introduction The endothelium has a central role in the regulation of blood pressure and flow through continuous modulation of vascular tone [1]. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Apart from the key role in the regulation of vascular tone, healthy endothelial cells consistently adapt to regional requirements and so are needed for the maintenance of whole vascular YKL-06-061 homeostasis concerning antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, profibrinolytic, and anticoagulant results. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in neurotransmission, vascular regulation, immune response and apoptosis. (abcam.com)

MEPY relaxed the contraction induced by phenylephrine (PE) both in endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings concentration dependently. (biomedcentral.com)

Nonoxidized LDL have a low affinity for macrophages, so they are not themselves a risk factor. (hindawi.com)
iii) a Ca ++ independent enzyme which is induced after activation of vascular smooth muscle, macrophages, endothelial cells, and a number of other cells by endotoxin and cytokines. (justia.com)

Effects of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump inhibitors on vascular smooth muscle. (mcmaster.ca)

Controlling these factors reduces the risk of acute vascular complications and death from CVD [ 1 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

Vascular restenosis is one of the major concerns for the management of coronary artery disease using therapeutic vascular procedures. (shengsci.com)
Understanding these risk factors is essential in developing preventative and therapeutic strategies. (lidsen.com)

Another approach increases the density of the underlying vascular network by inducing angiogenesis, and this has been accomplished through either direct delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or by downregulating the VEGF decoy-receptor type 1 (VEGFR-1 or Flt-1). (biomedcentral.com)

Here we review these four vascular targeted treatment strategies for DMD and discuss mechanisms, proof of concept, and the potential for clinical relevance associated with each therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Only ACE inhibitor treatment normalised resistance vessel contractility and endothelium-dependent relaxation suggesting that factors other than blood pressure reduction play an important role in restoring resistance artery endothelial function. (le.ac.uk)

The menopause transition seems to accelerate vascular aging, and estrogen decline contributes to this in several ways. (hormonelab.co.uk)

The renal vascular resistance of sympathectomized SHR was decreased compared with sham treated control animals. (uni-greifswald.de)

Inhaled nitric oxide improves gas exchange and lowers pulmonary vascular resistance in severe experimental hyaline membrane disease. (ucdenver.edu)
Endothelin A receptor blockade decreases pulmonary vascular resistance in premature lambs with hyaline membrane disease. (ucdenver.edu)

This article reviews the anti-inflammatory relative and anti-infectious effects of Evodia rutaecarpa and its major bioactive components and the involvement of the nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenase, NADPH oxidase, nuclear factor kappa B, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, reactive oxygen species, prostaglandins, tumor necrosis factor, LIGHT, amyloid protein and orexigenic neuropeptides. (biomedcentral.com)

The atherosclerotic process is accelerated by a myriad of factors, such as the release of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), growth factors, and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. (hindawi.com)
The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) plays a significant part in both the developing atherosclerotic lesion and in restenosis. (shengsci.com)

Hyperlipidemia, characterized by the abnormal blood lipid profiles, is one of the dominant factors of many chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). (hindawi.com)
Stimulation af insulinfrigørelsen, hæmning af glukagonfrigørelsen, hæmning af ventrikeltømning og spiseadfærd er de velkendte GLP-1-virkninger, som har dannet baggrunden for en intens udvikling mod en ny klasse af GLP-1-beslægtede lægemidler mod type 2-diabetes. (ugeskriftet.dk)
15 Low levels of vitamin D are also associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and lipid disturbances. (lifeextension.com)

i) a constitutive, Ca ++ /calmodulin dependent enzyme, located in the endothelium, that releases NO in response to receptor or physical stimulation. (justia.com)

This abnormality can be improved acutely by administration of L-arginine, possibly by increasing the synthesis of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. (jci.org)

Barry CJ, Cooper RL, Eikelboom RH: Optic disc hemorrhages and vascular abnormalities in a glaucoma population. (karger.com)

Dual effect of cobra cardiotoxin on vascular smooth muscle and endothelium. (mcmaster.ca)

Anatomy53

Organisms15

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs95

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

EDRF11

Vasodilator5

Vasodilation15

NITRIC OXIDE SY5

Shear stress7

Reactivity7

Vasodilatation3

Coronary vascular3

Major determinant of vascular2

Dilation2

Dysfunction17

Vessels4

Arterial5

Relaxation of vascular smooth2

Flow-mediated1

Modulates2

Vasorelaxant4

Autacoids1

Thrombosis3

Platelets1

Hyperpolarization2

Vasoconstriction1

Inhibition3

Inflammation3

Selective1

Adhesion1

Insulin6

Pathogenesis6

Acetylcholine1

Sensitivity1

Atherosclerosis2

Systemic1

Humans1

Responses1

Hypertension5

Human vascular2

EDHF1

Endothelial-derived1

Extracellular1

Platelet aggregation1

Regulation3

Aortic1

Macrophages2

Inhibitors1

Acute1

Therapeutic2

Angiogenesis1

Clinical1

Artery1

Contributes1

Renal1

Pulmonary2

NADPH1

Proliferation2

Diabetes3

Enzyme1

Synthesis1

Abnormalities1

Smooth muscle1